英美文学选读
自考英美文学选读-(中英文对照)
Part one: English LiteratureChapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴1. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。
2. the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。
3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，而且世界是属于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。
4. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。
自考 英美文学选读 书单
自考英美文学选读书单全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：自考英美文学选读书单：自考英美文学选读一直是自考英美文学专业的核心课程之一，对学生的文学修养和英语水平提升起着非常重要的作用。
下面给大家推荐一份【自考英美文学选读】书单，希望对大家学习和备考有所帮助。
1. 《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）- 夏洛蒂·勃朗特（Charlotte Bronte）《简·爱》是英国文学史上的经典之作，描写了主人公简·爱的一生遭遇及成长历程。
小说通过简·爱的内心世界、对生活的思考和对爱情的追求，展示了女性独立、坚强和自由的形象，被誉为女性主义文学的杰作。
2. 《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）- 简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）《傲慢与偏见》是英国文学史上的又一经典之作，讲述了伊丽莎白·班奇和达西先生之间的爱情故事。
小说通过调侃社会习俗、揭示人性弱点和倡导女性独立，展现了简·奥斯汀的精湛文学功底和对人性深刻洞察的能力。
3. 《了不起的盖茨比》（The Great Gatsby）- F·司各特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）《了不起的盖茨比》是美国文学史上的代表作之一，讲述了上世纪20年代美国高盛时期的繁荣与荒诞。
小说通过主人公盖茨比的爱情故事、社会地位和金钱的探讨，揭示了美国梦的虚幻和人性的贪婪，具有较高的文学价值和社会意义。
《呼啸山庄》是英国文学史上的经典之作，描绘了希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳之间的爱恨纠葛。
小说通过家族恩怨、爱情悲剧和人性探讨，展现了勃朗特姐妹的文学才华和对人性矛盾的深刻理解。
《去吧，告诉她们，我在这里》是美国文学史上的力作之一，讲述了黑人青年约翰尼的成长经历和对信仰的追求。
小说通过种族歧视、家庭纠葛和自我认同的挣扎，反映了美国社会的种族问题和对人类命运的深刻思考。
英美文学选读课件PPT课件
培养人文素养
详细描述
通过对英美文学作品的主题和思想内涵的分析，可以培养 我们的人文素养，提高对文学、文化和社会的认识和理解 。
探讨作品的艺术手法和语言特色
总结词
欣赏文学技巧
详细描述
艺术手法和语言特色是文学作品的重要组成部分，通过 探讨作品的艺术手法和语言特色，可以更好地欣赏文学 的技巧和魅力。
总结词
增强审美能力
详细描述
通过对作品艺术手法和语言特色的探讨，可以增强我们 的审美能力，提高对文学作品的鉴赏水平。
总结词
学习语言表达
详细描述
英美文学作品的语言表达富有特色，通过学习作品的艺 术手法和语言特色，可以学习到地道的语言表达方式， 提高英语语言表达能力。
04
英美文学作品在当代的影响和价值
对当代文学的影响
英美文学选读课件ppt课 件
• 英美文学概述 • 英美文学作品选读 • 英美文学作品的赏析方法 • 英美文学作品在当代的影响和价值 • 总结与思考
01
英美文学概述
英美文学的发展历程
早期文学
当代文学
从盎格鲁-撒克逊时期到文艺复兴时期， 英美文学逐渐形成和发展，涌现出许 多杰出的作家和作品。
从20世纪末至今，英美文学呈现出多 元化的发展趋势，涵盖了各种文学流 派和风格，如后现代主义、魔幻现实 主义等。
通过阅读英美文学作品，人们可以拓展视野、丰富内心世界，增强自我认知和自我成长的能力。同时 ，文学作品中所蕴含的人生哲理和智慧，也能为人们在生活中提供指导和启示。
05
总结与思考
对英美文学的总体评价和思考
英美文学在世界文学中的 地位
英美文学作为世界文学的重要组成部分，具 有深远的影响力和独特的魅力。通过学习和 研究英美文学，可以深入了解西方文化、历 史和社会背景，拓宽视野，提高跨文化交流 的能力。
英美文学选读自考重点
英美文学选读自考重点英美文学选读是自考中一门重要且富有魅力的课程，它涵盖了英国和美国文学发展历程中的众多经典作品和重要作家。
对于自考生来说，掌握重点内容是顺利通过考试的关键。
以下将为您详细介绍英美文学选读自考的重点。
一、英国文学部分1、古英语时期与中世纪文学这一时期的重点是了解英国文学的起源和早期发展。
比如，《贝奥武甫》是英国文学史上第一部重要的史诗，要理解其主题、结构和语言特点。
另外，乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》也是重点，需掌握其对人物的刻画、叙事技巧以及反映的社会现实。
2、文艺复兴时期文学文艺复兴时期的英国文学成就斐然。
威廉·莎士比亚是重中之重，他的戏剧作品如《哈姆雷特》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《麦克白》等，要深入研究其人物塑造、情节设置、主题思想以及对人性、命运、爱情等问题的探讨。
同时，还需了解这一时期其他重要作家如托马斯·莫尔的《乌托邦》。
3、 17 世纪文学这一时期的玄学派诗歌和清教徒文学是重点。
约翰·多恩的玄学派诗歌以奇特的比喻和复杂的思维著称，要理解其诗歌的独特风格和思想内涵。
而弥尔顿的《失乐园》《复乐园》等作品，则要把握其宗教主题和史诗般的气魄。
4、 18 世纪文学启蒙运动时期的英国文学注重现实和理性。
丹尼尔·笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》是必读作品，要分析主人公的形象和作品所反映的殖民主义、个人奋斗等主题。
此外，乔纳森·斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》也是重点，理解其讽刺手法和对社会现象的批判。
5、 19 世纪浪漫主义文学浪漫主义时期的诗人如威廉·华兹华斯、塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治、拜伦、雪莱和济慈的作品都需要认真研读。
了解他们各自的诗歌风格、主题以及对自然、爱情、自由等的追求。
同时，简·奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》也是常考内容，要分析其细腻的人物描写和婚姻爱情观。
6、 19 世纪现实主义文学查尔斯·狄更斯的作品在这一时期占据重要地位，如《雾都孤儿》《大卫·科波菲尔》《双城记》等，要理解其对社会现实的批判和对人性的关怀。
《英美文学选读》课程标准
《英美文学选读》课程标准一、课程性质与任务英美文学选读是英语专业高年级的选修课。
它与英美文学史密切结合，使学生在接触到浩繁的文学作品的同时，可以对繁杂的文学现象加以整理和梳理，并形成自己阅读文学作品的习惯，开阔视野，在学习过程中把握正确的理解文学作品的方法。
英美文学选读通过向学生介绍文学作品及其作品创作的历史文化背景，培养学生阅读文学作品的兴趣，增强语感，增进学生对英美社会、历史、文化以及生活习俗的了解，提高他们对西方文学的欣赏能力及批评能力。
二、课程教学目标1．知识目标1）文学知识：通过本课程的学习，学生应深入、直观地理解各个时期的英美文学作品，把握其思想、语言及创作技巧上的特点；另外，还应对英美文学评论流变具备相对清晰的认识。
2）语言知识：本课程是通过介绍不同文体的文学作品，深化学生对英语语言的认知、理解和应用的能力。
并通过对不同时期英语原文资料的阅读和解析，以一种更加直观的方式了解这门语言的发展。
2．能力目标1）文学作品鉴赏能力：通过对作者作品的讲解，学生可以对作品的社会历史价值和艺术价值进行评价，培养并提高自我鉴赏能力。
2）语言表达能力：通过课上和课下阅读及评价任务的完成，全面提高学生的口头和书面表达能力。
3）思辩能力：课上小组讨论环节和presentation环节能够激发学生的思辩能力，助其开拓思路，同时也为以后对英语的有效使用打下基础。
3．素质目标1）文学文化修养：本课程作为英语专业高年级学生的素养课，旨在培养学生对英美文学及文化的理解，可以使学生以直观的方式全面接触这种语言和文化，并形成独立的开放的文化观，进一步强化其跨文化意识。
2）基本的研究素质：本课程通过对文学作品的介绍和讲解向学生传授文学鉴赏的不同视角，可使其具备基本的文学研究素质。
3）文学翻译的基础：本课程通过对文学作品的细读向学生介绍文字背后的人文、历史、政治、哲学及美学等因素，可为文学翻译课程提供较好的材料，并做好前期准备。
英美文学选读自学考试大纲
英美文学选读自学考试大纲一、考试简介英美文学选读自学考试旨在测试考生对于英美文学的基本概念、发展历程、重要作家及其作品的掌握程度，以及对于英美文学的基本理论和分析方法的了解和运用能力。
考试形式为闭卷笔试，考试时间为180分钟，满分为100分。
二、考试内容1、英美文学基本概念及发展历程（20%）测试考生对于英美文学的基本概念、发展历程和重要时期的了解和掌握程度。
2、英美文学重要作家及其作品（30%）测试考生对于英美文学的重要作家及其代表作品的了解和掌握程度，包括但不限于莎士比亚、简·奥斯汀、托尔斯泰、海明威等。
3、英美文学的基本理论和分析方法（30%）测试考生对于英美文学的基本理论和分析方法的了解和掌握程度，包括但不限于新批评、结构主义、后现代主义等。
4、阅读理解与写作能力（20%）测试考生的阅读理解能力和写作能力，包括对于所给文本的理解、分析、评价和论述能力。
三、考试形式及题型1、单项选择题（20分）要求考生从四个选项中选择一个最符合题意的答案。
2、多项选择题（20分）要求考生从五个选项中选择两个或以上的答案。
21、简答题（20分）要求考生用简短的语言回答问题，考查考生的理解和概括能力。
211、分析题（30分）要求考生对所给的文学作品进行分析、评价和论述，考查考生的分析能力和语言表达能力。
2111、写作题（10分）要求考生根据给定的题目和要求进行写作，考查考生的写作能力和语言表达能力。
四、自学建议系统学习英美文学基本知识：了解英美文学的发展历程、重要时期和流派，掌握基本概念和理论。
阅读重要作家作品：选择一些经典作家及其代表作品进行阅读和研究，深入了解作家的创作风格和思想内涵。
培养阅读和分析能力：通过阅读和分析文学作品，提高自己的阅读能力和分析能力，掌握基本的文学分析方法。
加强写作训练：通过写作练习，提高自己的写作能力和语言表达能力，为考试做好准备。
英美文学选读复习资料一、英国文学1、文艺复兴时期：代表人物：莎士比亚、培根、哈姆雷特等。
英美文学选读必读书目
“英美文学”必读作品
“英美文学”为外语系英语专业三年级学生在第五、六学期所开设的专业课。
为了指导广大学生了解英美文学，更好地学习、理解和掌握英美文学，“英美文学重点课程组”列出了“英美文学”课程中要涉及的基本的文学作品或选段，基本上涵盖了各个阶段主要作家的重要作品。
由于英美文学所涉及的内容多、知识面广，要求长期的文学阅读和积累，因此，我们建议各位同学能够从一年级一进校后就开始有计划地阅读该目录中的所有作品或选段的英语和汉语两种版本，并且适当地阅读一些相关的文学评论文章，以便为以后该课程的学习打下良好的基础。
相关的文学评论文章可在我校校园网的“校园专网”下的“中国学术期刊(NKI)”和“万方数据库（学院镜像）”中查阅。
如果你在阅读或学习中遇到任何问题，请发邮件至私人信箱：bobxhbbai@，baixihan@（或发至本课程学生用公用信箱：zhongdiankecheng@，zhongdiankecheng@。
公用信箱密码：wenxue）。
我们将竭力为你解答和服务。
如果你在学习中对我们的教学和安排有什么意见和建议，敬请用你的信箱发邮件至私人信箱：bobxhbbai@, baixihan@，我们将尽力改进并给予答复。
英美文学选读（英国文学部分）
英美文学选读（美国文学部分）。
自考英美文学选读课件(超级完整版)
制作思维导图
利用思维导图工具将笔记内容可视化，形成 清晰的知识网络。
定期复习
定期回顾和复习笔记内容，加深记忆和理解； 同时不断补充和完善笔记。
08
课程总结与展望未来
课程重点内容回顾
01 文学流派与时期
本课程涵盖了从古典到现代的英美文学发展，重 点介绍了各个时期的代表性流派，如浪漫主义、 现实主义、现代主义等。
周完成一篇读书笔记等。
制定学习计划
根据学习目标，制定详细的学习计划， 包括学习时间、学习内容、学习方法 等。
监督与调整
定期检查学习进度，根据实际情况调 整学习计划，确保按计划执行。
如何提高阅读速度和效率
预览与预测
在阅读前预览文本，了解大致内容和结 构，预测可能涉及的主题和观点。
意群阅读
通过意群阅读，将单词组合成有意义 的短语或句子，提高阅读速度和理解
《傲慢与偏见》
通过贝内特家五个女儿的婚恋经历， 探讨婚姻与爱情的真谛。
《尤利西斯》
通过主人公布鲁姆一天的生活，表现 现代人的孤独与迷茫。
07
自学方法与技巧分享
如何制定自学计划并执行
确定学习目标
明确自考英美文学选读的学习目标， 包括掌握文学理论、了解文学流派、
熟悉重要作家作品等。
分解学习任务
将学习计划分解为可执行的小任务， 如每天阅读一定数量的文学作品、每
英美戏剧流派及特点
古典主义戏剧
以古希腊和古罗马戏 剧为典范，注重情节、 结构和语言的完美和 谐。
浪漫主义戏剧
强调情感、个性和自 然的表达，追求超越 现实的理想境界。
现实主义戏剧
关注现实生活和社会 问题，通过刻画典型 人物和环境来揭示社 会本质。
英美文学选读自考学习计划
英美文学选读自考学习计划一、选读目的英美文学选读自考学习计划主要旨在通过对英美文学的经典作品进行系统学习和分析，以提升学习者的文学鉴赏能力和阅读理解能力。
通过学习英美文学，可以增进对英美文化、历史、社会、人文精神等方面的理解，也可以通过阅读经典文学作品来提高自身的审美水平和文学修养。
二、学习内容英美文学选读自考学习计划的内容主要包括以下几个方面：1. 英美文学史：了解英美文学的发展历程、主要流派和代表作家、代表作品等，能够理解英美文学在历史背景下的发展和演变。
2. 英美文学经典作品：选读英美文学的经典作品，包括但不限于莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》、狄更斯的《双城记》、奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》、哈珀·李的《杀死一只知更鸟》等，从中体会作者的艺术表现力和文学价值。
3. 文学批评：学习文学批评理论和方法，能够对文学作品进行深入分析和评价，可以提高对文学作品的理解和评判能力。
4. 英美文学与文化：学习英美文学与文化的关系，了解文学作品中所包含的文化元素、社会背景和人文精神，能够更深入地理解和品味文学作品。
三、学习方法1. 阅读与分析：选读英美文学经典作品，进行深入的阅读和分析，理解其中的文学价值和艺术表现力。
2. 讲座与研讨：参加相关的讲座和研讨活动，与他人交流讨论，增进对文学作品的理解和感悟。
3. 写作与演讲：通过写作和演讲，对所学内容进行总结和表达，提高自己的思维能力和表达能力。
4. 考试与评估：定期进行学习成果的考试和评估，检验学习效果，发现和弥补不足之处。
四、学习步骤1. 制定学习计划：根据所选学习内容，制定详细的学习计划和时间安排，明确学习目标和掌握程度。
2. 阅读经典作品：按照学习计划，逐步阅读英美文学的经典作品，进行深入的阅读和分析。
3. 学习文学批评：学习文学理论和方法，掌握文学批评的基本原理和技巧，能够更准确和深入地分析文学作品。
4. 参与讲座研讨：积极参加相关的讲座和研讨活动，与他人交流讨论，吸收他人的见解和观点，拓展自己的视野。
英美文学选读英国部分第一章文艺复兴时期
英美文学选读中文翻译及重点习题答案英国文学(AMERICAN LITERATURE)第一章文艺复兴时期(The Renaissance Period)二、背景知识(Background knowledge)1、历史文化背景(Historical and cultural background)(1)文艺复兴是从中世纪向近代过渡时期发生在欧洲许多国家的一场思想文化运动。
它是在一些历史因素的合力作用下而引发的，如对希腊罗马古典文化的重新发现，宗教改革运动，地理和自然科学领域的探索，以及资本主义经济的扩张等。
(2)人文主义是文艺复兴的主要特征。
它颂扬人性，强调以“人”为本，宣传个性解放，反对神秘主义和中古神权，反对野蛮和兽性。
(3)16世纪的宗教改革导致了新教的创立。
英格兰同罗马教皇的决裂最初源于国王亨利八世决定与其第一位妻子离婚但遭到教皇否决。
宗教教义的改革则发生在后来的爱德华六世和女王伊丽莎白一世统治期间。
(4)工商业持续发展，中产阶级逐渐壮大，非神职人员获得受教育的机会，王权巩固，宫廷成为文化生活的中心，以及海外扩张和科学探索日益拓展人们的视野，所有这些都为文学提供了新的推动力和发展方向。
威廉·卡克斯顿首次将印刷术介绍到英国，使那里的出版社迅速增加，随之而来的是印刷书籍的繁荣。
2、英国文艺复兴时期文学的特点(Features of English Renaissance literature)(1) 诗歌(Poetry)开创文艺复兴时期一代新的华丽诗风的两个最重要的人物是菲利普·悉尼爵士和埃德蒙·斯宾塞。
在他们的抒情和叙事作品中，展现出一种词藻华丽、精雕细琢的文风。
到16世纪末，出现了两类新的诗歌风格。
第一类以约翰·邓恩和其他玄学派诗人为代表；第二类风格的典范是本·琼森和他所代表的流派。
英国文艺复兴时期的最后一位大诗人是清教作家约翰·密尔顿，他的诗歌具有惊人的震撼力和优雅的韵致，同时传达出深邃的思想。
《英美文学选读》复习指导资料
《英美文学选读》复习指导资料《英美文学选读》复习指导资料一．课程介绍：本课程由英国文学和美国文学两个部分组成。
主要内容包括英美文学发展史及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。
文学史部分从英美两国历史、语言、文化发展的角度，简要介绍英美两国文学各个历史时代的主要历史背景、文学文化思潮、文学流派、社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响，主要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等。
选读部分主要接选了英美文学史上各个时期重要作家的代表作品，包括诗歌、戏剧、小说、散文等。
二．《英美文学选读》的考核目标，按照识记，领会，应用规定应当达到的能力层次要求。
三个层次呈递进关系，其含义是：识记：有关的概念、定义、知识点等能够记住领会：在识记的基础上，能够把握基本概念、基本方法和彼此之间的关系和区别应用了在领会的基础上，能运用本课程的基本理论，基本知识和方法来分析英美文学作品，并能用英语正确表达。
Part 1 English LiteratureAn Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature一．重点：有关这部分的文学史内容1．古代英国文学和中世纪英国文学的起始阶段2．英国文学史上的第一部民族史诗----Beowulf3．中世纪文学的主要文学形式-----Romance4．Geoffrey Chaucer 的文学贡献二．练习：1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The period of ______ English literature begins from about 450 to 1066, theyear of ______.A. Old----RenaissanceB. Middle---- the Norman Conquest of EnglandC. Middle ---- RenaissanceD. Old---- the Norman Conquest of England2).. The Medieval period in English literature extends from 1066 up to the______ century.A. mid-13thB. mid-14thC. mid-15thD.mid-16th3). Beowulf, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as thenational ______ of the Anglo-Saxons.A. sonnetB. essayC. epicD. novel4). In The Canterbury Tales, ______ presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Francis BaconD. William Langland5). For the Renaissance, ______ was regarded as the English Homer. His reputation has been securely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and ______.A. Geoffrey Chaucer----witsB. William Shakespeare----witsC. Geoffrey Chaucer----humanityD. WilliamShakespeare----humanity6). After the conquest of 1066, three languages co-existed in England. They are ______, ______ and ______.A. Old English, Greek, LatinB. Old English, French, LatinC. Old English, Greek, FrenchD. English, Greek, French7). Geoffrey Chaucer is the greatest writer of the Medieval period in English literature. In “The Legend of Good Women”, he used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later the ______.A. coupletB. blank verseC. heroic coupletD. epic8). Thematically the poem “Beowulf” presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggle against the hostile forces of the ______ world under a wise and mighty ______.A. spiritual----heroB. natural----leaderC. spiritual----godD. natural----monster9). It can be said that though essentially still a medieval writer, Geoffrey Chaucer bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new ______ to come.A. manB. theoryC. doctrineD. era10). Geoffrey Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace the Old English ______ verse.A. rhymedB. alliterativeC. socialD. visionary2. Explain the following literal terms.1). Romance2). Heroic Couplet3). Epic3. Answer the following questions.1). How many groups do the Old English poetry divided into? What are they? Which group does Beowulf belong to? Why?2). What is the contribution of Geoffrey Chaucer to English literature?Chapter1. The Renaissance Period一．重点前言部分1．文艺复兴的起源，起始时间，内容及特征2．人文主义的有关主张及对文学的影响3．文艺复兴时期的主要文学形式及其特征练习：Renaissance Period1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The Renaissance, in essence, is a historical period in which the European______ thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church form the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.A. Greek and RomanB. humanistC. religiousD. loyal2). Generally, the ______ refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture and literature. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe.A. Medieval PeriodB. RenaissanceC. Old English PeriodD. Romantic Period3). ______ is the essence of the Renaissance. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and _______ are the best representatives of the English humanists.A. Humanity---- William ShakespeareB. Humanism-----Francis BaconC. Humanity---- Geoffrey ChaucerD. Humanism----William Shakespeare4). The Elizabethan ______ is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and ______.A. novel--- Geoffrey ChaucerB. poetry----Francis BaconC. drama----Ben JonsonD. drama----Geoffrey Chaucer5). Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and ______ civilization was based on such a conception that ______ is the measure of all things.A. Roman ---- moralB. French---- reasonC. Roman---- manD. French---- God6).One of the major result of the Reformation in England was the fact that the Bible in English was placed in every church and services were held in English instead of ______ so that people could understand.A. LatinB. FrenchC. GreekD. Anglo-Saxon7). Wyatt, in the Renaissance period, introduced the Petrarchan ______ into England, while Surrey brought in ______ verse.A. drama----freeB. sonnet----blankC. terzarima----blankD. couplet----free8). In the early stage of the English Renaissance, poetry and ______ were the most outstanding forms and they were carried on especially by William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson.A. fictionB. dramatic fictionC. poetic dramaD. novel9). By emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, ______ voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.A. humanistsB. ProtestantsC. CatholicsD. playwrights10). ______ was the first important English essayist. He was also the founder of modern science inEngland.A. Edmund SpenserB. Christopher MarloweC. Francis BaconD. Ben Jonson2. Explain the following literal terms.1). the Renaissance Period2). blank verse3). Humanism3. Answer the following questions.1). Make a comment on the influence of Italian literary works upon the literature in the Renaissance England.2). Make a comment on humanism3). What are the typical characteristics of literary works produced in Renaissance England?文艺复兴时期的主要作家。
英美文学选读
英美文学选读引言英美文学是世界文学发展的重要组成部分，涵盖了众多经典作品和文学流派。
本文档将介绍一些值得阅读的英美文学作品，并对其背景、主题和影响进行探讨。
一、莎士比亚戏剧莎士比亚的戏剧作品被公认为英美文学的巅峰之作。
其中，《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《麦克白》等作品被奉为经典。
莎士比亚的戏剧作品不仅在当时英国引起了轰动，而且至今仍被广泛上演，深受观众的喜爱。
二、19世纪小说19世纪是英美文学史上最辉煌的时期之一。
狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》、奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》和斯托夫人的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》等作品成为了经典。
这些小说以其生动的人物形象、独特的叙事风格和深刻的社会洞察力而闻名。
它们不仅展示了19世纪英美社会的方方面面，还探讨了人性、阶级和爱情等主题。
三、20世纪现代派文学20世纪是现代派文学的重要时期，包括了许多著名的英美作家。
弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《至灯前行》、詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》以及托马斯·皮金斯的《独自漫步，散步的艺术》都是这一时期的代表作品。
现代派文学尝试突破传统叙事形式，以流畅的笔触和创新的结构风格展示复杂的思想和情感。
四、美国南方文学美国南方文学是美国文学的重要分支，展现了当地特有的历史、文化和社会风貌。
马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》、威廉·菲克纳的《喧哗与骚动》以及哈珀·李的《杀死一只知更鸟》都是美国南方文学的代表作品。
这些作品描绘了南方地区的种族关系、社会格局和道德观念，带有浓厚的叙事风格和深入人心的主题。
五、现代主义文学现代主义文学是20世纪英美文学的重要流派，以其复杂的叙事结构、意义的多重解读和对传统文学规范的挑战而著称。
提琴塔·拉马瑞斯的《荒原》、詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》和T·S·艾略特的《荒原》都是现代主义文学的经典作品。
这些作品充满了象征主义、意象主义和流派交融的特点，对读者提出了复杂的思考和理解挑战。
《英美文学选读》课程概述
课程概述一、课程性质和学习目的英美文学选读课是全国高等教育自学考试英语语言文学专业本科段的必修课，是为培养和检验自学应考者英美文学的基本理论知识和理解、鉴赏英美文学原著的能力而设置的一门专业理论课程。
设置本课程旨在使英语自学者对英美两国文学形成与发展的全貌有一个大概的了解；并通过阅读具有代表性的英美文学作品，理解作品的内容，学会分析作品的艺术特色并努力掌握正确评价文学作品的标准和方法。
由于本课程以作家作品为重点，因此学生要仔细品味原作。
通过阅读，努力提高语言水平，增强对英美文学原著的理解，特别是对作品中表现的社会生活和人物思想感情的理解，提高他们阅读文学作品的能力和鉴赏水平。
二、课程内容本课程由英国文学和美国文学两个部分组成。
主要内容包括英美文学发展史、及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。
文学史部分从英美两国历史、语言、文化发展的角度，简要介绍英美两国文学各个历史断代的主要历史背景，文学文化思潮，文学流派，社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响，主要作家的文学生涯、创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等；选读部分主要节选了英美文学史上各个时期重要作家的代表作品，包括诗歌、戏剧、小说、散文等。
三、考核目标及考核要求本课程的考试要求为全日制普通高等学校英语语言文学专业《英美文学选读》课程的结业水平。
除绪论部分外，大纲对其它部分均一一列出知识点，并提出具体的考核要求。
其中，凡要求“识记”的内容，所涉及的知识和理论都与考核点直接相关，应考者应熟知其概念和有关知识，理解其原理，并能在语言环境中予以辨认。
凡要求“领会”的内容，必须做到掌握有关知识和理论。
凡要求“应用”的内容，必须做到在掌握有关知识理论的基础上使之转化为能力，即能用有关知识和理论来分析解决英美文学中的相关问题，并指导作品的阅读。
凡要求“一般识记”的内容，所涉及的知识和理论，一般不直接作为考核时命题的内容，但由于这些内容对于其它相关知识理论以及作品阅读能力的考核有直接或间接的影响，因此要求应考者在自学过程中对这些内容要有所了解，不应忽略。
如何学习英美文学选读
要通过《英美文学选读》这门课考试，不是考前“冲刺”一类的短训能奏效的。
这门课难就难在它的阅读量很大，它包括英国和美国的诸多作家的诸多作品，而每一部作品就是一部书。
现行统一教材在作家和作品的选取方面尽管已经是精而又精了，但还是不得不采用节选的办法来压缩篇幅。
即便如此，为了更好地理解作品，考生还不得不在对整部作品了解的基础上，在教师指导下反复阅读节选，才能对节选部分的内容以及思想有较好的理解。
不过文学阅读也有规律可循。
下面的文字就“选读”课的性质、阅读时读取什么信息、现行试题各个部分的考查点是什么、如何回答简单论述题等问题，给考生一点提示，希望能对考生学习、复习《英美文学选读》课提供一些帮助。
第一部分《英美文学选读》课的性质一、《英美文学选读》课的重点是作品顾名思义，“英美文学选读”是有选择地阅读英美文学史上有影响作家的重要作品，熟知作品内容，了解大多数批评家和读者已经接受的对这些作品主题的表述，并能从作品中找到、列举出证明这些表述的细节。
这样的定义里有三个要注意的问题。
一是作品内容，二是作品里的细节，三是节作品主题。
三个同等重要，学习者不能只取其一。
以小说为例，所谓作品内容，是指情节(plot)、场景(setting)、人物(characters)、语气(tone)、以及语言(style)。
情节是指故事里所展示的事件和这些事件按作家意愿有序的安排，如事件发生的背景、事件中涉及的人物、事件本身(即冲突)、以及解决冲突的办法和结果。
情节就是故事；没有情节就没有故事；熟知情节是理解文学作品，特别是小说和戏剧的第一、也是不可缺少的一步。
不掌握故事情节，对作品进行深入分析就无从谈起。
有故事当然就有人，对人物的分析是对作品分析的核心。
语气是指作者在他／她刻画人物、安排情节、描写场景时所持的态度，而作者的态度直接影响我们对作品思想的理解。
作者要表达自己对人物、事件的态度，只有通过文字才能与读者交流，而不同的作家使用语言的风格(style)是不一样的。
英美文学选读
英美文学选读Chapter One The Renaissance Period文艺复兴时期埃德蒙·斯宾塞Edmund Spenser 1552-15991、生平出生在伦敦受过良好的教育：泰勒商人学校、剑桥的潘布洛克学校后来，在伊丽莎白女王一世的宠臣莱特伯爵的帮助下，渐渐走上高的地位，获得好的财富在猖狂的爱尔兰民族起义后，被迫离开他的基尔格尔摩城堡因饥饿与贫困，死于威斯敏特的一个酒馆中，被葬于乔叟（其导师）的墓旁2、创作生涯（1）抒情诗（2）传奇史诗《仙后》的构思、情节、内容、主题3、选读《仙后》The Faerie Queen代表作, 传奇史诗The masterpiece①创作意图：通过创作“历史诗”，描绘出一个完美的典型的绅士To present through a “historical poem”, the example of a perfect gentleman,塑造遵守道德规范的绅士或贵族To fashion a gentleman for noble person in virtuous and gentle discipline.②主题：残酷战争与忠贞爱情The theme is Fierce wares and faithful loves(romantic)③线索：亚瑟与仙后格劳安娜Arthur and Gloriana, the Fairy Queen④该诗充满了惊险情节，以及奇异之物：龙、女巫、施了魔法的树、巨人、城堡、以及角斗的骑士。
It?s full of adventures and marvels, dragons, witches, enchanted trees, giants, jousting Knights and castles.⑤也是一篇寓言诗：红十字骑士——神圣的美德，自我节制的美德，英国国教圣公会It?s also an allegory: the Red-Cross Knight represents Holiness, represents Temperance, and symbolizing the Anglican Church.⑥其第一段在很大程度上是该诗的纲领缩影It?s in a way an epitome of the whole poem.4、斯宾塞诗节的构成及特点The main qualities of his poetry完美的韵律、罕见的美感、奇妙的想象、崇高的道德纯洁性与严肃性、一种献身的理想主义Perfect melody, rare sense of beauty, lofty moral purity and seriousness, splendid imagination, dedicated idealism.克里斯朵夫·马洛Christopher Marlowe1、生平与创作生涯出生在坎特伯雷鞋商之家先后靠奖学金在王室学校和剑桥大学读书在剑桥大学期间，创作了《帖木儿》1584年后，深受文艺复兴思潮影响，体现在《浮士德博士的悲剧》具备了放荡不羁的热情和初入知识王国的青年所拥有的自负死于一次在酒店与别人发生口角而引发的械斗中2、著名悲剧（1）《铁木耳大帝》讲述一个普通牧民铁木耳如何登上国王宝座，成为一个野心勃勃、残暴无情的鞑靼统治者的故事。
英美文学选读
英美文学选读
英美文学选读是一门涉及英美文学的学科，其主要内容是阅读英美文学作品，并从中研究英美文字的风格、文化背景以及作家的思想等。
英美文学选读能够让学生更好的了解英美文学作品的背景知识，以及作家的创作理念。
英美文学选读的范围很广，包括英美文学史、文学理论、诗歌、小说、戏剧等多种形式，涵盖了英美文学的各个时期，从古典文学到现代文学，都有所涉及。
在英美文学选读中，不仅要研究作家的作品，还要了解作家的生平、文学思想等信息，以便更好的理解作家的作品。
在英美文学选读中，学生可以研究到许多有价值的英美文学知识。
比如，可以深入了解英美文学的发展历史，掌握英美文学的历史变迁和文学思潮的演变，了解英美文学作品的文学风格和文学特点，以及文学创作的艺术技巧。
另外，英美文学选读还可以让学生更好的了解英美文学作品的文化背景，这有助于学生深入理解作家的创作理念和艺术风格。
研究英美文学选读，也能够让学生更好的掌握英美文学作品的文学结构，以及作家的文学思想，从而更好的欣赏和理解英美文学作品的精髓。
总的来说，英美文学选读是一门非常有价值的学科，它不仅可以让学生更好的了解英美文学作品，还可以让学生深入理
解作家的创作理念，并对英美文学有更深入的认识。
通过英美文学选读，学生可以获取更多的文学知识，从而更好的欣赏和理解英美文学作品。
英美文学选读考试大纲
英美文学选读考试大纲一、考试目的与要求本考试旨在评估学生对英美文学经典作品的理解和鉴赏能力，以及对文学理论、历史背景和文化语境的掌握程度。
考生应具备以下能力：1. 阅读并分析英美文学作品的能力。
2. 理解和评价文学作品中的主题、风格和技巧。
3. 对英美文学发展史有一个基本的了解。
4. 能够将文学作品与社会、历史背景联系起来进行综合分析。
二、考试内容1. 英国文学- 古代至文艺复兴时期：包括但不限于乔叟、莎士比亚的作品。
- 17世纪至18世纪：如约翰·弥尔顿、亚历山大·蒲柏、简·奥斯汀的作品。
- 19世纪：浪漫主义、维多利亚时期的作家，如华兹华斯、拜伦、狄更斯等。
- 20世纪至今：现代主义和后现代主义作家，如弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫、乔治·奥威尔、多丽丝·莱辛等。
2. 美国文学- 殖民时期至独立战争：包括但不限于爱德华·泰勒、本杰明·富兰克林的作品。
- 19世纪：浪漫主义和现实主义作家，如爱默生、霍桑、梅尔维尔、马克·吐温等。
- 20世纪：现代主义和后现代主义作家，如菲茨杰拉德、海明威、福克纳、塞林格等。
- 当代文学：包括多种族、多文化背景下的作家，如托尼·莫里森、唐·德里罗等。
三、考试形式与题型1. 选择题：考察学生对文学作品的基本事实、作者、历史背景等的了解。
2. 简答题：要求学生对文学作品的主题、人物、情节等进行简要分析。
3. 论述题：要求学生综合运用文学理论知识，对文学作品进行深入分析和评价。
4. 作文题：根据给定的文学作品或文学现象，撰写一篇有观点、有分析、有论证的论文。
四、考试范围与重点1. 英国文学的重点包括但不限于：- 莎士比亚的戏剧和诗歌。
- 18世纪启蒙时期的文学作品。
- 19世纪的浪漫主义和现实主义作品。
- 20世纪现代主义和后现代主义文学。
2. 美国文学的重点包括但不限于：- 早期美国文学与美国独立精神的关系。
英美文学选读试题及答案
英美文学选读试题Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices [A],[B],[C],[D] of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement and write the letter on the answer sheet.1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A.Christian2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales3.Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaisssance Movement?A.The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.B.The new discoveries in geography and astrology.C.The Glorious revolution.D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion.4.Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18?A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man's salvation.5.“And we will sit upon the rocks,/Seeing the shepherds f eed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.〞The above lines are probably taken from __.A.Spenser's The Faerie QueeneB.John Donne's “The Sun Rising〞C.Shakespeare's “Sonnet 18”D.Marlowe's “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love〞6.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia:Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.〞The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic irony7.The ture subject of John Donne's poem,“The Sun Rising,〞is to ___.A.attack the sun as an unruly servantB.give compliments to the mistress and her power of beautyC.criticize the sun's intrusion into the lover's private lifeD.lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie8.Of all the 18thcentury novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specificall y a “___ in prose,〞the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A.tragic epic B ic epicC.romanceD.lyric epic9.The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver's Travels are ___.A.horses that are endowed with reasonB.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdomD.hairy,wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.10.Here are four lines from a literary work:“Others for language all their care express,/And value books,as women men, for dress.〞The work is ___.A.Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard〞B.John Milton's Paradise LostC.Alexander Pope's Essay on CriticismD.Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream11.The phrase “to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils〞may well sum up the implied meaning of ___.A.Gulliver's TravelsB.The Rape of the LockC.Robinson CrusoeD.The pilgrim's Progress12.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.A.the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB.the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC.the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD.the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech13.Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ “Ode on a Grecian Urn〞?A.“I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!〞B.“They are both gone up to the church to pary.〞C.“Earth has not anything to show more fair.〞D.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty〞.14.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind!〞is an epigrammatic line by __.A.J.KeatsB.W.BlakeC.W.Wordsworth15.“Ode o na Grecian Urn〞shows the contrast between the ___ of art and the ___ of human passion.A.glory …uglinessB.permanence…transienceC.transience…sordidnessD.glory…permanence16.In the statement“—oh,God! would you like to live with your soul in the grave?〞the term“soul〞apparently refers to ___.A.Heathcliff himselfC.one's spiritual lifeD.one's ghost17.The typical feature of Robet Browning's poetry is the ___.A.bitter satirerger-than-life caricaturetinized dictionD.dramatic monologue18.The Victorian Age was largely an age of ____,eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A.poetryB.drama D.epic prose19.___is the first important governess(家庭女教师) novel in the English literary history.A.Jane EyreHeights20.The major concern of ______ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.wrence'sB.J.Galsworthy'sC.W.Thackeray’sD.T.Hardy’s21.___is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A.Richard SheridanB.Oliver GoldsmithC.Oscar WildeD.Bernard Shaw22.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A.To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B.To put the stress on traditional values.C.To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D.To advocate a conscious break with the past.23.The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the ___ in the American literary histrory.A.individual feelingsB.idea of survival of the fittestC.strong imaginationD.return to nature24.Henry David Thoreau's work,__,has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.B.The pioneersC.NatureD.Song of Myself25.The famous 20-years sleep in “Rip Van Winkle〞helps to construct the story in such a way that we are greatly affected by Irving's ___.A.concern with the passage of timeB.expression of transient beautyC.satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beingsD.idea about supernatural manipulation of man's life26.Walt whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry.His innovation first of all lies in his use of __,poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A.blank verseB.heroic coupletC.free verseD.iambic pentameter27.The literary characters of the American type in early 19th century are generally characterized by all the following features EXCEPT that they ___.A.speak local dialectsB.are polite and elegant gentlemenC.are simple and crude farmersD.are noble savages( red and white) untainted by society28.Hester Pryme, Dimmsdale,Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names of the characters in ___.A.The Scarlet LetterB.The House of the Seven GablestC.The Portrait of a LadyD.The pioneers29.“This is my letter to the World〞is a poetic expression of Emily Dickinson's __ about her communication with the outside world.A.indifferenceB.anger30.With Howells,James,and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, __ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19thcentury.31.After The adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary independence to Tom's buddy Huck in a book entitled ___.A.Life on the MississippiB.The Gilded AgeC.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD.A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court32.However,___,the keynote of Daisy Miller's character,turns out to be an admiring but a dangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.C.worldliness33.Generally speaking,all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be ___.A.transcendentalists34.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life.Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression?A.Religion and immortality.B.Life and death.C.Love and marriage.D.War and peace.35.In “After Apple-Picking,〞Robert Frost wrote:“For I have had too much/Of applepicking:I am overtired/Of the great harvestI myself desired.〞From these lines we can conclude that the speaker is ___.A.happy about the harvestB.still very much interested in apple-pickingC.expecting a greater harvestD.indifferent to what he once desired36.Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ____.A.Ezra PoundB.Ralph Waldo EmersonC.Robert FrostD.Emily Dickinson37.The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their __.A.indestructible spirtieB.pessimistic view of life38.IN The Emperor Jones and The Hairy Ape,O'Neill adopted the expressionist techniques to portray the ___ of human beings in a hostile universe.A.helpless situationC.profound religious faithD.courage and perseverance39.In Hemingway's “Indian Cmap〞,Nick's night trip to the Indian village and his experience inside the hut can be taken as ____.A.an essential lesson about Indian tribesB.a confrontation with evil and sinC.an initiation to the harshness of lifeD.a learning process in human relationship40.which of the following statements about Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner's story “A Rose for Emily,〞is NOT true?A.She has a distorted personality.B.She is physically deformed and paralyzed.C.She is the symbol of the old values of the South.D.She is the victim of the past glory.PART TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41.“Her eyes met his and he looked away.He neither believed nor disbelieved her,but he knew that he had made a mistake in asking;he never had known,never would know,what she was thinking.The sight of her inscrutable face,the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that,soft and passive,but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure.〞Questions:A.Identify the writer and the work.B.What does the phrase “inscrutable face〞mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?42.“And when I am formulated,sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.Then how should beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways.〞Questions:A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “butt-ends〞mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?43.“God knows,…I'm not myself—I'm somebody else—…and I'm changed,and I can't tell what's my name,or who I am.〞Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.The speaker says he is changed.Do you think he is changed, or the social environment has changed?C.What idea does the quoted sentence express?44.“I shall be telling this wi th a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.〞Questions:A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “ages and ag es hence〞mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?Ⅲ.Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.As a rule,an allegory is story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning,and an implied meaning.List two works as examples of allegory.What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?46.Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought.Who are the two?And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers?47.The white whale,Moby Dick,is the most important symbol in Melville's novel.What symbolic meaning can you draw from it?48.Nature is a philosophic work, in which Emerson gives an explicit discussion on his idea of the Qversoul.What is your understanding of Emersonian “Oversoul〞?Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism?Provide brief evidence from the literary works you know best.50.Summerize the story of Mark twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100 words,and comment on the theme of the novel.Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)41.A.John Galasworthy:The Man of Property.B.A face does not show any emotion or reaction so that it is impossible to know how that person is feeling or what he is thinking about.C.it presents the inner mind of Soames in face of his wife's coldness.He can never know what is on his wife's mind because the makeup of his and her mentality is different.His wife Irene, whose mind is romantically inclined, is disgusted with her husband's possessiveness.Being unable to read his wife's mind is as good as saying that he really can't regard her as his property- this is the very reason why he is enraged beyond measure.42.A.T.S.Eliot:“The Love So ng of J.Alfred Pruforck.〞B.The ends of cigarettes,meaning trivial things here.C.Here,Prufrock's inability to do anything against the society he is in is made strikingly clear by using a sharp comparison .Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of insect pinned on the wall and struggling in vain to get free.This image vividly shows Prufrock's current predicament.43.A.Washington Irving:“Rip Van Winkle〞.B.The social environment is changed.C.When Rip is back home after a period of 20 years,he finds thta everything has changed.All those old values are gone,and he can hardly feel at home in a changed society.One of the functions that Rip serves in the story is to provide a measuring stick forchange.It is through him that Irving drives home the theme that a desire for change,improvement,and progress could subvert stable society.44.A.Robert Frost:“The Road Not Taken〞.B.Many many years later.C.The speaker is telling his experience of making the choice of the roads.But he is conscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the difference in his life.He seems to be giving a suggestion to the reader.“Make good choice of your life.〞Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all,6 for each)45.A.Buyan's pilgrim's Progress and Spenser's The Faerie Queene.B.It is usually concerned with moral ,religious,political,symbolic or mythical ideas.46.A.The French philosopher,Jean Jacques Rousseau and the German writer Johna Wolfgan von Goethe.B.It is Rousseau who established the cult of the individual and championed the freedom of the human spirit;his famous announcement was “I felt before I thought.〞Goethe and his compatriots extolled the romantic spirit.47.A.To Ahab,the whale is either an evil creature itself or the agent of an evil force that controls the universe,or perhaps both.B.To Ishmale,the whale is an astonishing force,an immense power,which defies rational explanation due to a sense of mystery it carries.It is beautiful,but malignant at the same time.It also represents the tremendous organic vitality of the universe,for it has a life force that surges onward irresistibly, impervious to the desires or wills of men.C.As to the reader, the whale can be viewed as a symbol of the physical limits that life imposes upon man.It may also be regarded as a symbol of nature, or an instrument of God's vengeance upon evil man.In general,the multiplicity and ambivalence of the symbolic meaning of the whale is such that it becomes a source of intense speculation, an object or profound curiosity for the reader.48.A.The Oversoul is believed to be an all-pervading power for goodness,omnipresent and omnipotent from which all things come and of which all are a part.It exists in nature and man alike and constitutes the chief element of the universe.B.According to Emerson,it is a supreme reality of mind, a spiritual unity of all beings, and a religion regarded as an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal Over-soul of which it is a part.C.He holds that intuition is a more certain way of knowing than reason and that the mind could intuitively perceive the existence of the Oversoul and of certain absolutes.Ⅳ.Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)49.a.Neoclassicists upheld that artistic ideals should be order,logic,restrained emoticon and accuracy,and that literature,should be judged in terms of its service to humanity,and thus,literary expressions should be of proportion,unity,harmony and grace.Pope's An Essay on Criticism advocates grace,wit (usually though satire/humour),and simplicity in language(and the poem itself is a demonstration of those ideals,too);Fielding's Tom Jones helped establish the form of novel;Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard' displays elegance in style,unified structure,serious tone and moral instructions.b.Romanticists tended to see the individual as the very center of all experience,including art,and thus,literary work should be “spontaneous overflow of strong feelings,〞and no matter how fra gmentary those experiences were (Wordsworth's “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud,〞or “The Solitary Reaper,) or Coleridge's “Keble Khan〞),the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those unique feelings and particular attitudes.c.In a word, Neoclassicism emphasized rationality and form but Romanticism attached great importance to the individual's mind (emotion, imagination, temporary experience…)50.A.Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a Sequa to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.The Story takes place along the Mississippi River before the Civil War in the United States, around 1850.Along the river, floats a small raft, with two people on it; One is an ignorant,uneducated black slave named Jim and the other is little uneducated outcast white boy about the age of thirteen, called Huckleberry Finn or Huck Finn.The novel relates the story of the escape of Jim from slavery and ,more important, how Huck Finn, floating along with Jim and helping him as best he could, changes his mind ,his prejudice, about Black people, and comes to accept Jim as a man and as a close friends as well.During their journey, they experience a series of adventures:coming across two frauds, the “Duke〞and the “King〞,witnessing the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard, being lost in a fog and finally Tom's coming to rescue. B.The theme of the novel may be best summed in a word “freedom〞: Huck wants to escape from the bond of civilization andJim wants to escape from the yoke of slavery.Mark Twain uses the raft's journey down the Mississippi River to express his thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilizati。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1873: A Pair of Blue Eyes was published
1874: Far From the Madding was
published
1875: The Hand of Ethelberta was
published
1878: The Return of the Native began
Hardy’s Cottage
Pictures of Hardy
Marriage
First: in 1874---Emma Gifford , sister-in-law of a vicar , died in 1912
Second: in 1914 --Florence Dugdale , his secretary, a woman almost 40 years younger than him.
between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries,
between Victorian sensibilities and more modern ones, and
between tradition and innovation.
Part II Hardy’s works
1865: How I Built My House---Hardy's
first published work and first short story--- appeared in Chamber's Journal, 18 March.
1883: The Three Strangers was
Wessex novels
In his Wessex novels, there is an apparent nostalgic touch in his description of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life, which was gradually declining and disappearing as England was marching fast into an industrial country.
Question:
What is his position in the history of English Literature?
One of the most important novelists in the Victorian Era and the first important poet in the 20th century.
Wessex Poems, 1898 Poems of the Past and Present, 1901 The Dynasts, Part First, 1904 The Dynasts, Part Second, 1906 The Dynasts, Part Third, 1908 Time's Laughingstocks, 1909 Satires of Circumstance, 1914 Moments of Vision, 1917 Late Lyrics and Earlier, 1922 Human Shows, 1925 Winter Words, 1928
Death
After his first wife’s
death, Hardy was stricken
with guilt and remorse, but
the result was some of his
best poetry, expressing his
feelings for his wife of 38
Childhood Hardy was frail as a child, and did not start at
the village school until he was 8. One year later he transferred to a new school in
the county town of Dorchester. At 16 he was apprenticed to a local architect.
And with those traditional characters he was always sympathetic and mourns over their failure and misfortune.
Hardy's work reflected his stoical pessimism and sense of tragedy in human life.
published
1887: The Withered Arm was written
first published novel
Desperate Remedies
Tess of the d'Urbervilles
first novel about country life
Under the Greenwood
Tree
Novels
Far From
…
the Madding
Crowd
first masterpiece
years.
•Thomas Hardy died on Jan. 11, 1928
at his house of Max Gate in
Dorchester.
•He wished to be buried beside Emma
in Stinsford churchyard, but his
wishes were only partly regarded.
Hardy's career as writer spanned over fifty years.
His earliest books appeared when Anthony Trollope (1815-82) wrote his Palliser series, and he published poetry in the decade of T.S.
•His body was interred in Poet's
Corner, Westminster Abbey, and
only his heart was buried in
Emma's grave at Stinsford.
Did You Know?
A rumour has persisted since Hardy's death that it is not the author's heart that was buried beside Emma
Thomas Hardy
(1840 － 1928)
Contents
1. Hardy’s life 2. Hardy’s works 3. Features of his novels 4. Tess of the D’urbervilles 5. Discussion of Tess
Part I Hardy’s life
The Mayor of Casterbridge
Hardy’s Major works
Poetry: 1898: Hardy published his first book of
verse, Wessex Poems
1902: The Dynasts, in dramatic blank verse, was published
English poet and regional novelist,
whose works depict the imaginary county "Wessex" (Dorset).
In many respects, Hardy was trapped in the middle ground
Adulthood
Hardy later moved to London to work as an architect.
He began writing, but his poems were rejected by a number of publishers.
Although he enjoyed life in London, Hardy's health was poor, and he was forced to return to Dorset.
Eliot's The Waste Land.
Hardy's work reflected his stoical pessimism and sense of tragedy in human life.
Question:
What are his representative works?
its serial run
1894: Life's Little Ironies was published
1895: Jude the Obscure was published
in book form
1897: The Well-Beloved was published
Stories:
Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder.
From his father he gained an appreciation of music, and from his mother an appetite for learning and the delights of the countryside about his rural home.