大学英语中西方文化第二讲

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论大学英语教学中的中西方文化导入策略——以《世纪英语综合教程》为例

一
二、结合词汇解析其中的文化内涵
在涉及到ＣｉｉｅＵｉ３Ｂｏ２时，中有很多饮食方面的词汇，ｕｓｎ｛ｎｔ，ｏｋ）其可谈谈中西方饮食文化的差异。西方烹调讲究营养而忽视味道，是一种理性饮食观念。不论食物的色、香、形如何，营养一定要得到保证，味、而讲究一天要摄取多少热量、维生素、白质等等。即便口味千篇一律，蛋也一定要吃下去—— 因为有营养。比如牛排的制作，不管怎么豪华高档的餐厅，从洛杉矶到纽约，牛排都只有一种味道，艺术可言。作为菜肴，无纵然有搭配，那也是在盘中进行的，一盘
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科学论坛
论大学英语教学中的中西方文化导人策略
一一
以《世纪英语综合教程》为例
弋亚娜
【摘（河南机电高等专科学校外语系河南新乡４３０）５０２要】语言是文化的载体，语言与文化是密不可分的。文化的差异必然造成词义、语用等方面的差异本文以《世纪英语综合教程》教材为出发文化差异文化导入

大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化对比

大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化对比随着全球化进程的加速，人们的跨文化交流也日益增多，英语作为全球通用语言，不仅为全球人们的沟通提供了高效便捷的工具，也成为了跨文化交流的主要媒介。

词汇作为语言的基础，不仅是语言表达的重要组成部分，更是文化特征的重要体现。

因此，在英语教学中，加强对词汇的文化解读和对比研究，有助于学生了解中西方文化差异，增进跨文化交流的能力，提高语言教学的质量。

本文将从中西方文化对比的角度，探讨大学英语词汇教学中的文化因素。

一、西方文化词汇特点2.民主自由西方国家注重民主自由，推崇个人权利和自由主义，因此相关词汇较多。

例如，“democracy”（民主），“freedom”（自由），“equality”（平等），“rights”（权利）等词汇，都是西方文化中常见的词汇。

3.商业文化西方国家发达的商业活动也反映在词汇中。

例如，“market”（市场），“commerce”（商业），“consumer”（消费者），“brand”（品牌）等词汇，展现了西方文化的商业特征。

1.礼仪习俗中西方礼仪习俗大相径庭，所以在有关礼貌和社交方面的词汇有很大的不同。

例如，“bow”在西方文化中是低头示意，而在中国文化中是鞠躬致意；“handshake”在西方文化中是正式的问候方式，而在中国文化中一般是用于交友；“kowtow”在中国文化中是一种崇拜和表示敬意的礼仪，而在西方文化中似乎并没有对应的词汇。

2.家庭观念中西方家庭观念的不同也反映在词汇中。

例如，“filial piety”（孝顺）是中国传统文化中的一个重要价值观，而在西方文化中并没有同样的词汇。

相反，“nuclear family”（核心家庭）和“extended family”（大家庭）是西方文化中常见的家庭形态概念，而在中国文化中则很少听到这些词汇。

3.职业观念中西方职业观念的差异体现在职业名称和描述方面。

例如，“doctor”（医生）在西方文化中非常醒目，而在中国文化中“中医师”、“西医师”等更具体的职业名称更为常见；“teacher”（教师）在西方文化中则代表一种高贵、神圣的职业，而在中国文化中更强调教师的实践性和教育效果。

中西方文化差异与大学英语教学

性和必要性，认为对学生进行文化知识教育应注重课堂讲解，导学生课外阅读，设文化课程和定期放映有指开关西方社会文化的影片。关键词：言；化；语文差异；典故中图分类号：１．Ｈ３９３文献标识码：Ａ文章编号：０８３３（０２０－０５０１０－６４２０）３０８・３
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社会所特有的风俗、习惯、信仰及社会结构。不同的社会具有不同的文化，而不同的文化造就着不同的语言。语言是文化的载体，化是滋养语言并使其发展的土壤。语言与文化的关系是部分与整体的关系。文

江苏开放大学《大学英语B(2)》综合性大作业

江苏开放大学《大学英语B(2)》综合性大作业LT标题《中西方茶文化差异》正文Differences between Chinese and western tea cultures Tea originated in China, and the earliest writtenrecords date back to the 2nd century BC and then spreadto the west. However, there are different customs fordrinking tea in different cultural backgrounds. Here'sa look at some of the differences between Chinese andwestern tea cultures that have been carefully sortedout for you.(1) different ways of drinking.There are two types of Chinese tea drinking, one is"clear drink", without adding any harmful ingredientsto the original flavor of the tea, and only drink withwater bubbles. The other is "mixed drink", which meansadding salt, sugar and milk to tea according topersonal taste. Currently, this method is mainlyconcentrated in ethnic minority areas.Britons add milk and sugar to their tea to removetheophylline and turn bitter tea into sweet drinks thatsuit their tastes. In addition, the English havereformed the tea itself. Packaged, instant tea scrapsreplace pieces of tea, and Chinese people tend to keepthe whole leaf in boiling water.Western tea can be added milk, sugar, lemon slices and honey, etc., but it is important to note that tea should be poured first, followed by other condiments, in an order that cannot be reversed. After adding the seasonings, stir with the spoon to avoid making too much noise when stirring the tea. Put the spoon on the back of the bowl after stirring.(2) the use of tea sets is differentChina's tea wares are mostly ceramic products, and there are also purple sandboxes for pu 'er tea. The purple sand teapot is breathable, and the pu-erh tea is brewed. The water temperature must be very high. And westerners have a special liking for silver, so most western tea wares are made of silver.The use of tea filters is differentIn China, the chip off a fine cup of tea, such as aged pu-erh tea, need to use iron pot as tools to boil water, then water into the teapot and tea, pour out the first time after water, then add boiled water into the teapot in let stand until the bubble tea, just take a small sample.As is known to all, Chinese people are quite particular about the tea ceremony. In fact, westerners also have a set of etiquette when drinking tea. For example, western teas use a tea strainer, which is placed on a teacup and poured into the cup until it is three-quarters full, so it doesn't spill over the saucer and make a mess.(4) differences in tea drinking etiquette.In the eyes of most Chinese, tea can be drunk at any time. The British are much more tea - loving and tea - respecting. A typical British family drinks tea at least five times a day. When you wake up in the morning, the host will lean on the bed and drink a cup of morning tea to refresh your mind. If there are guests, morning tea is the best way to greet them. Around 11 o 'clock in the morning, black tea with tea; Drink milk tea at lunch; Around five o 'clock in the afternoon is the famous afternoon tea. Drink farewell tea before going to bed at night. In addition, there are many famous tea banquet, garden tea party and so on.(5) differences in the spirit of tea ceremony. Harmony, tranquility, grace and truth are the fournoble truths of Chinese tea ceremony. Harmony is the core of Chinese tea culture philosophy and the soul of tea ceremony. "Quiet" is the only way to practice Chinese tea ceremony. "Just" is the spiritual feeling in the practice of Chinese tea ceremony practice. "True" is the ultimate pursuit of Chinese tea ceremony. Chinese people often drink tea as a spiritual inspiration and emotional sustenance. Unlike the Chinese tea ceremony, the British taste tea more lively and social, emphasizing an elegant style.Oriental tea wares are mostly ceramic products, while western tea wares are mostly silver.Oriental people pay attention to tea ceremony, westerners also have a set of tea ceremony, such as to use a tea filter, to pour tea into the cup to three-quarters full.Chinese tea is the purest flavor of the tea without adding any flavoring to it. Western tea is added milk, sugar, lemon slices and honey, the tea should be poured before adding other condiments, the order cannot be reversed.Tea is not required to be served in the east, but itis often accompanied by tea in the west. The most common ones are Scottish cream biscuits, Victorian muffins and muffins.。

中西方差异(英语)

美国人通常都能尊重别人的安宁。在歌剧院不用说，就是在戏院也都能噤声欣赏。在餐厅吃饭时的交谈声音也相当低，跟中国有划拳斗酒的吵闹大不相同。排队时都很守秩序，插队是不被接受的，蜂拥上车的事情绝对很少収生。开车的人通常很守交通觃则，
朋友模式 Model
美国人囗中的朋友定义比较广泛，而且有区隑性；譬如说工作上的朋友、打球的朋友、学校的朋友、喝酒的朋友等等。另外美国地域广大，人口流动性也高，而且朋友之间绝少吐露私人的事情，所以友情是比较"温水"性。中国人的友情通常是"牵一収而动全身"，一言不合就尽量避免跟对方碰面，"起落"性比较大。中国人朋友之间借钱是相当普遍的，而美国人朋友之间借钱是凤毛麟角的。
Independence 独立性
public due courtes 公众场合应有的礼数
Competition 竞争性
Model 朋友模式
the application mode of money world outlook 金钱的运用模式世界观
个人主义 Individualism
美国人相当崇尚个人主义，东方社会（当然包括中国人）则强调家族及阶级层次
金钱的运用模式 the application mode of money
中国人通常做的预算都比较保守，而美国的预算则比较接近"极限"，而且往往有消费超过预算的倾向（跟美国社会大量使用信用卡也有关系）
世界观 world outlook
可能因为美国多年来的兴盛及教育重点在某方面仍有偏颇，美国人多数 "以本国为中心"，对于别国的认识十分肤浅。中国文化的渊源来自中庸儒学，这决定了中国人非常注重面子，注重尊严，任何有损于面子及集体尊严的事是不可饶恕的。或者说，中国人的行动准则多少有谦牧自守的传统大国观，渗透著“己所不欲，勿施于人”的内敛意味。

中西方文化差异英文版ppt课件(0002)

The diet object
China
Western countries
China's cuisine is "taste", so Westerners think the cuisine
the Chinese cooking at the is eat, so a large piece of meat-
Using the encouraging language.
Pay great attention to individual quality and the emotional communication.
Eating and drinking
Section one
Section two
Section three
The western people’s opinion about loving is that “if we are well acquainted with each other ,let us go together.”And they will not contact loving with marriage.
The diet concept
China
Western countries
Chinese food pay more attention to color, aroma, taste, and shape rather than nutrition.
Western food is a rational concept. They think the food’s nutrition is the most important.
selected materials show great eating, whole chickens and

中西方文化大学英语教材

中西方文化大学英语教材Introduction:English language learning has become increasingly important in today's globalized world. As a result, there is a wide range of English textbooks available for university students. In this article, we will compare and analyze the cultural elements found in English textbooks used in universities in both Western and Chinese cultures.Cultural Content in Western English Textbooks:Western English textbooks often aim to expose students to a wide range of cultural topics. For example, textbooks may include sections on literature, music, art, and history. These cultural elements allow students to gain a deeper understanding of Western societies and traditions. They also help students develop a global perspective and foster cultural appreciation.One common topic covered in Western English textbooks is literature. Textbooks may introduce famous literary works, such as Shakespeare's plays or novels by renowned Western authors. By studying these texts, students not only improve their language skills but also gain insights into Western literary traditions and cultural values.Music is another significant aspect covered in Western English textbooks. Students may learn about various music genres, such as classical, jazz, or rock. Additionally, they may explore the historical and cultural influences behind these music styles. This exposure to Western music broadens students' cultural horizons and enhances their language learning experience.Cultural Content in Chinese English Textbooks:In comparison to Western English textbooks, Chinese English textbooks tend to focus more on language acquisition rather than cultural exploration. While there may be some cultural elements incorporated, they are often condensed and integrated into language learning exercises.Chinese English textbooks might introduce Chinese proverbs or idiomatic expressions that reflect specific cultural values. For example, students may learn the proverb "风水轮流转" (fēngshuǐ lúnliú zhuǎn), which means "fortune can change for better or worse." This provides students with a glimpse into Chinese cultural beliefs and mindset.Additionally, Chinese English textbooks may incorporate traditional Chinese festivals and customs. Students might learn about the significance of festivals like Spring Festival (Chinese New Year) or Mid-Autumn Festival, along with associated cultural practices. These topics allow students to understand aspects of Chinese culture while strengthening their language skills.Comparison and Analysis:While Western English textbooks place a heavier emphasis on cultural content, Chinese English textbooks prioritize language acquisition. Both approaches have their merits. Western textbooks expose students to a wide range of cultural topics, facilitating cross-cultural understanding. On the other hand, Chinese textbooks create a more language-focused learning environment.In terms of language fluency and cultural understanding, Western English textbooks may have an advantage. By studying literature and music, students are not only exposed to the language but also the social, historical, and artistic contexts in which it is used. This multi-dimensional approach enhances language fluency and cultural competency simultaneously.However, Chinese English textbooks also play a crucial role by providing students with a solid language foundation. By integrating cultural elements into language exercises, students are exposed to practical language usage while gaining insights into Chinese culture.Conclusion:English textbooks used in universities in both Western and Chinese cultures have unique approaches to incorporating cultural content. Western textbooks focus more on exposing students to various aspects of Western culture, while Chinese textbooks prioritize language acquisition with condensed cultural elements. Both methods contribute to language learning and cultural understanding in their respective contexts. By understanding these differences, educators can select appropriate textbooks to meet the diverse needs of students.。

中西文化差异英文PPT

Western:
1. Western culture is based on individualism rather than on mass (collectivism). For instance, in the US, you always talk about individual rights, instead of placing the whole society above your own self. This is clearly different in China where a country, society or family are placed above your own self.
Chinese:
4. To resolve people and people's relationship, chinese uses ethics and tolerance (中恕之道)
Western:
5. West uses 'god' and religion to resolve human and spiritualism relationship. In case of problems with your own self, you just pray to god.
Chinese:
6. A focus on balance and mean. By 'mean', it means 'middle way'. You don't go into extremism. Peace is always honoured.
Chinese:
7. Pay homage to heaven and earth, as well as bearing a remembrance to the homeland. (敬仰天地,思乡怀土) This was accorded to the fact that chinese had been a farming civilization and therefore will be more prone to remember their land.

Unit2西方文化导论 ppt课件

Decline: In 33 AD, Roman Empire was divided into two parts.
End: In 476, West Rome was defeated by German troops and came to an end.
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Text Study
Text Study
I. The Historical Development of Ancient Rome II. The Roman Social and Economic Conditions III. Roman Cultural Achievements
Main Ideas
• 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ • 教师的教鞭
• “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我笨，没有学问无颜见爹娘 ……”
• “太阳当空照，花儿对我笑，小鸟说早早早……”
精品资料
• 你怎么称呼老师？
• 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？
• 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ • 教师的教鞭
the Roman revolt in 509 BC which led to the
establishment of the Roman Republic.
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Romulus and Remus 罗穆卢斯和瑞摩斯： Romulus (771 BC–717 BC) and Remus (771 BC–753 BC) were the twin brothers, who were said to be the founders of Rome. In Roman mythology, their parents were Mars and Rhea Silvia, the daughter of Latin King. The twins were ordered to be drowned by the new king who dethroned the Latin King. However, they were saved and raised by a she-wolf. When they grew up, the twins built their own city, but Remus was killed

中西方文化差异英语简单教育PPT讲座课件

• In their opinion, one should choose
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
his food only according to his need as
an independent individual and the
balanced requirement of all kinds of
Chopsticks vs Knife and Fork
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
中西方文化差异
Chopsticks vs Knife and Fork
中西方文化差异
Tea and Wine
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
Chinese people love tea while westerners prefer to drink red wine
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号
清溪山房位于湖南省长沙市浏阳市小河乡田心村125号

大学英语教学中中西方文化双向导入方法

大学英语教学中中西方文化双向导入方法【摘要】本文主要探讨了在大学英语教学中中西方文化双向导入的方法和实践。

通过对中西方文化在大学英语教学中的融合进行分析，提出了一些有效的双向导入策略，并结合案例进行分析。

对教学效果进行了评估，探讨了教学优化策略。

通过研究发现，中西方文化双向导入在大学英语教学中具有重要的价值，可以促进学生的文化理解和跨文化交流能力的提升。

未来，可以进一步探索更多有效的双向导入方法，以提升教学效果。

本文为大学英语教学中中西方文化双向导入提供了重要的参考和思路。

【关键词】大学英语教学，中西方文化，双向导入，方法，实践，案例分析，教学效果评估，教学优化策略，价值，未来展望，总结1. 引言1.1 背景介绍随着全球化进程的不断加深，不同文化间的交流和交融变得日益频繁。

在大学英语教学中，传统的以英语语言技能为主要教学内容的方式已经不能满足学生对于多元文化的需求。

融合中西方文化元素成为提高教学质量和效果的重要途径。

中西方文化之间有着悠久而深厚的历史积淀，不同的价值观、传统习俗和艺术表现形式都展现出独特的魅力。

将中西方文化相结合，不仅有助于学生更好地理解英语语言的背景和内涵，还可以拓展学生的视野，增加文化广度和深度。

借鉴中西方文化的优点和特点，将其融入到大学英语教学中，不仅有利于提高学生对英语学习的兴趣和动力，还可以培养学生的文化素养和跨文化交际能力。

大学英语教学中中西方文化双向导入的方法成为当前教学领域的研究热点，也是提升教学质量和教学效果的重要手段。

1.2 研究意义随着全球化的发展，中西方文化之间的交流与融合愈发频繁。

在大学英语教学中，融入中西方文化元素，不仅可以增加学生的学习兴趣，丰富教学内容，更能帮助学生更全面地了解英语国家的历史、习俗、价值观等。

探讨中西方文化在大学英语教学中的双向导入方法，具有重要的研究意义。

中西方文化双向导入有助于拓展学生的文化视野，促进跨文化交流。

通过在英语教学中引入中国传统文化和西方社会文化，可以帮助学生更好地理解和尊重不同文化背景下的语言使用和沟通习惯，增进多元文化之间的相互理解与尊重。

英语国家社会与文化入门(大学英语专业英美文化概况)Unit 2

新西兰的教育体制被视为世界上最好的教育体制之一，他们通过学校、大学、技工学院和其它教育机构提供高质量教育，新西兰的教育体系源于英国的传统教育体制，全国实行统一的教育体系，教育经费开支占政府开支第三位。惠灵顿维多利亚大学,奥克兰大学,梅西大学 ,林肯大学
Economy

农业畜牧业发达，是新西兰经济的基础，新西兰农牧产品出口量占其出口总量的50%，羊肉、奶制品和粗羊毛的出口量均居世界第一位。新西兰还是世界上最大的鹿茸生产国和出口国，生产量占世界总产量的30%。畜牧业用地为1352万公顷，占国土面积的一半。乳制品与肉类是新最重要的出口产品。新西兰渔产丰富，是世界第四大专属经济区，200海里专属经济区内捕鱼潜力每年约 50万吨。农业高度机械化。主要农作物有小麦、大麦、燕麦、水果等。粮食不能自给，需从澳大利亚进口。

Forestry & Fishing One of the largest fishing areas—Exclusive Economic Zone Energy Self-sufficient Overseas trade Farming,fishing,horticulture,manufacturing,th e construction and computer software sectors & tourism

外贸

出口：油类、乳制品、肉类、木材和木制品、鱼类、机械。粗羊毛出口量居世界第一位，占世界总产量的25%。进口：机器及设备、车辆和飞机、石油、电子产品、纺织品、塑料。
新西兰最美丽的地方非属岛屿湾，那里主要城市有：派西亚，拉塞尔和怀唐伊。拉塞尔是新西兰第一个首都，派西亚，属于岛屿湾中间位置，有更多的酒店。怀唐伊，1840年，毛利人和欧洲人在怀唐伊的条约屋（Treaty House）共同签署了《怀唐伊条约》。这所房子至今仍屹立在开阔、祥和的公园之内。这里的其它重要景点有雕梁画栋的毛利会堂（Maori Meeting House）、毛利人最大的战舟、旅游中心和艺术馆。怀唐伊在新西兰人心目中占有极其重要的位置――是对新西兰历史和文化感兴趣的游客“必到”之处。

中西方文化ChineseandWesternculture讲课资料

• 《列子天地》：昔者圣人因阴阳以统天地
• 〈礼记〉：阳盛则散为雨露，阴盛则凝为霜雪
• 〈淮南子论镜〉：阳燧见日则燃而为火，方诸见月则津而为水。
• 〈国语论地震〉：阳伏而不能出，阴迫而不能蒸，是为地震。
• 〈吕氏春秋论酒〉：黍为阳，麴为阴，阴阳相感，乃能沸动。
• 〈蔡邑论虹〉：阴阳交接之气，着于形色者也
爱因斯坦论科学与科学家
所有的科学家之所以是科学家，乃是因为：
（1）他假设了有一个在很大程度上不依赖于人类观察者的客观世界的存在。
(2)主张唯理论，相信自然界的统一性和合理性，相信人的理性思维能力。
天人合一的系统观虽然相信自然界的统一性和合理性，却否定了一个不依赖于人的客观实体的存在，与科学需要的客观精神相悖。
• 天人合一：天主宰着人事的成败，而人能以至诚求得神助。
• 由此，它引导中国文化理性趋于实用，它指导了一个较少宗教情结的乐观坚定的民族，一个关注热爱现实生活的文化。
• 认识论
• 自然观 • 社会观 • 宗教观
二元对立
与所有其他文明一样，西方文化中也出现过早期人类与自然混沌一体的认识。但随着文明的发展，他们逐渐形成了人与自然分离的哲学认识，确立了一个物我分离，主客对立的二元世界。
（二）中西文化的主导模式及其评价
• 一、中西文化的起源 • 二、中西文化的基本精神 • 三、中西思维方式比较 • 四、中西宗教文化比较 • 五、中西社会规范体系比较 • 六、中西艺术比较
2020/5/10
三、中西思维方式的比较
• “天人合一”与“二元对立” • 直觉形象与逻辑推理 • 实践理性与抽象理性
• 中国文化从来不认为自然是外界、是彼岸，是人身外的知识活动对象，而是与人自身融为一体的统一有机体。

中西方文化差异(英文版)课件

…
A
14
Something about western families
n Western families advocate equality in daily life. The husband and the wife usually have an equality voice in decision- making, and on certain matters, the children, too, have a vote.
you have？” n “How much do you make
？” n “Do you go to the church
？”
A
12
6.Invitation
n In the culture of British and America, it is very important to consult a time before you invite somebody to attend a banquet or take part in social activities. Esp. in America, invite somebody means you are borrow times of others. So they respect time very much. While in China, people are prefer to an uninvited guest.
A
9
4. Thanks and Responses
n In China,“Thank you” is not frequently used between intimate friends and family members because it may imply a certain distance between the addresser and the addressee.

大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化对比

大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化对比1. 引言1.1 背景介绍英语词汇是学习英语的重要组成部分，掌握丰富的词汇量对于学生提高英语水平至关重要。

在大学英语词汇教学中，往往存在着一些问题和挑战。

随着全球化的进程加快，不同文化之间的交流和融合变得越来越频繁，中西方文化之间的差异在英语词汇教学中也逐渐显现出来。

深入研究中西方文化在大学英语词汇教学中的对比和影响，对于提高教学质量，促进文化交流具有重要的现实意义。

在这种背景下，本文旨在探讨大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化之间的关系，分析其中存在的差异和共同点，探讨如何更好地利用中西方文化之间的差异来丰富词汇教学内容，提高学生的学习效果。

通过对词汇教学方法的探讨和分析，探索更符合不同文化背景学生学习习惯的词汇教学模式。

本文还将从跨文化交流的角度出发，提出改进词汇教学的建议，为未来的词汇教学工作提供一定的参考。

1.2 研究目的：本研究旨在探讨大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化的对比，分析中西方文化在词汇教学中的体现及对教学的影响，探讨教学方法的选择以及跨文化交流的重要性。

通过对比研究，旨在发现中西方文化背景下对大学英语词汇教学的启示和借鉴，提出改进词汇教学的建议，为提高大学生英语词汇水平提供理论支持。

本研究还致力于进一步探讨跨文化交流在词汇教学中的应用，展望未来词汇教学的发展趋势，为推动大学英语词汇教学与跨文化交流的融合做出贡献。

1.3 研究意义大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化对比是一个值得探讨的话题，其研究意义主要体现在以下几个方面：通过对大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化进行对比分析，可以帮助我们更好地理解不同文化背景下学习者的认知特点和学习方式。

由于中西方文化在价值观、思维方式、语言习惯等方面存在差异，对此进行研究能够揭示出不同文化对词汇学习的影响，有助于改进教学方法和策略，提高教学效果。

研究大学英语词汇教学与中西方文化对比还可以促进跨文化交流和理解。

通过深入了解中西方文化的差异与共通之处，可以促进不同文化之间的沟通与融合，增进文化交流的互信和共生，有利于扩大学生的国际视野和跨文化能力。

大学英语中西方文化第二讲78页PPT

大学英语中西方文化第二讲
•
26、我们像鹰一样，生来就是自由的，但是为了生存，我们不得不为自己编织一个笼子，然后把自己关在里面。 ——博莱索
•
27、法律如果不讲道理，即使延续时间再长，也还是没有制约力的。— —爱·科克
•
28、好法律是由坏风俗创造出来的。 ——马克罗维乌斯
•
29、在一切能够接受法律支配的人类的状态中，哪里没有法律，那里就没有自由。— —洛克
•
30、风俗可以造就法律，也可以源自除法律。 ——塞·约翰逊31、只有永远躺在泥坑里的人，才不会再掉进坑里。——黑格尔 32、希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德 33、希望是人生的乳母。——科策布 34、形成天才的决定因素应该是勤奋。——郭沫若 35、学到很多东西的诀窍，就是一下子不要学很多。——洛克

大学英语中西方文化第二讲共78页文档

大学英语中西方文化第二讲
6、纪律是自由的第一条件。——黑格尔 7、纪律是集体的面貌，集体的声音，集体的动作，集体的表情，集体的信念。 ——马卡连柯
8、我们现在必须完全保持党的纪律，否则一切都会陷入污泥中。 ——马克思 9、学校没有纪律便如磨坊没有水。— —夸美纽斯
10、一个人应该：活泼而守纪律，天真而不幼稚，勇敢而鲁莽，倔强而有原则，热情而不冲动，乐观而不盲目。 ——马克思
谢谢
11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。——邓拓 12、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。——爱尔兰 13、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。——老子 14、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。——歌德 15、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于

大学英语II图解中西文化差异4.1 unit one

10
Sunday’s streetscape
西方人
中国人
Party
西方人
中国人
The noise in the restaurant
西方人
中国人
Drinks
西方人
中国人
As a tourist
西方人
中国人
The standard of beauty
西方人
中国人
The ways to solve things
American:
Informal, egalitarian(平等主义的). People most
comfortable with their social equals; importance of
social rankin西g方s m人inimized.
中国人
国人
Three meals in a day
西方人
中国人
Transport
西方人
中国人
Old age
西方人
中国人
Leadership position
西方人
中国人
When with a child
西方人
中国人
The West vs. China
Expressing personal views
西方人
中国人
Lifestyle
西方人
中国人
Punctuality
西方人
中国人
Interpersonal relations
西方人
中国人
Social Relationships
Chinese: Formal, hierarchical(分等级的). People most comfortable in the presence of a hierarchy in which they know their position and the customs/rules for behavior in the situation.

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泰勒士(about 624-546 ＊Thales 泰勒士 BCE) known as “Father of Philosophy” 1) Water is the origin and mother-womb of all things. 2)Thales also said that “all things are full of Gods.”
阿里斯多芬） Aristophanes （阿里斯多芬）(about 450-380 BC): Frogs（蛙）, Clouds（云）, Wasps（马蜂）, （（（马蜂） Birds（鸟）（希罗多德） Herodotus （希罗多德）(484-430 BC):History 修昔底得） Thucydides (修昔底得）(about 460-404 BC)— 修昔底得 history of Peloponesian War
The Milesians shifted from traditional thinking in terms of mythology(神话）to mythology(神话）to a rational, more scientific thinking pattern.
Their philosophical view:
Pre-Socratic philosophers
1.The Milesians : Thales 米利都学派：代表人物 –泰勒斯 ■ 2.The Pythagoreans: Pythagoras 毕达哥拉斯学派：代表人物—毕达哥拉斯 ■ 3.Heraclitus (赫拉克里特) ■ 4.Parmenides（巴门尼德) ■ 5. The Pluralists (多元素论者） ■ 6. The Atomist: Democritus 原子论者:代表人物—德谟克利特
• Cultural background of ancient Greek
• Pre-Socratic philosophy
• The sophists, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle
2
Homer (荷马about 9th
century BC-8th century BC)
■
The Birthplace of Western Wisdom
Presocratic philosopher What is permanent in existence?
The birth place of Greek philosophy was the seaport town of Miletus, located across the Aegean Sea from Athens, on the west shores of Ionia in Asian Minor. So the philosophers are called either Milesians or Ionians. These first Greek philosophers focused on nature, and their philosophy or rather phusis (自然哲学) mainly concerns the study of nature, with “arche (本原/始基) as its central issue.
Father of the Western Philosophy ——Thales ——Thales
Ancient Greek olive mill and olive press
About Thales’ claim “Everything is made of water”: • Questions Solutions provided by proof Conclusion Implications
Socrates’ Predecessors
Ancient Greek Philosophy
The sophists, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Hellenistic
Wonder is the foundation of all philosophy, inquiry the progress, ignorance the end. -----Montaigne -----Montaigne
＊Anaximenes阿那克西美尼(about 585-528 B.C) Attempting to mediate between the two views of his predecessors, he designated air as the primary substance from which all things come. To explaቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱn this, he argued that things are what they are by virtue of how condensed or expanded the air is that makes up those things. In making this point he introduced the important new idea that differences in quality are caused by differences in quantity.
Ancient philosophy (c. 600 B.C.–c. A.D. 400)
Ancient Greek philosophy is the philosophy of the Graeco-Roman world from the sixth century (c. 585 B.C.) to the fourth century A.D. It is usually divided into three periods: the pre-Socratic period, the periods of, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, and the post-Aristotelian (or Hellenistic) period. The most important of the ancient philosophers (in terms of subsequent influence) are Plato and Aristotle. The themes of ancient philosophy are: understanding the fundamental causes and principles of the universe; explaining it in an economical and uniform way; the epistemological problem of reconciling the diversity and change of the natural universe, with the
＊Anaximander 阿那克西曼德(about 610- 546 阿那克西曼德 B.C.)
1）. He agreed with his teacher that there is some single basic stuff out of which everything comes. But Anaximander believed that the primary substance out of which all these specific things come is an indefinite or boundless realm, which he calls the indeterminate boundless. 2.）The indeterminate boundless is the unoriginated and indestructible primary substance of things, and it has eternal motion. 3). He said that all life comes from the sea and suggested that people evolved from creatures of a different kind.
Homer:
-- described the scene of Mount Olympus -- depicted Gods with much human features but he also suggested a impersonal force controlling the structure of the universe.
• Iliad • Odyssey
Lyric Poets:
萨福） Sappho （萨福）(about 612-580 BC)
品达) Pindar (品达 (about 518_438 BC) 品达
埃斯库罗斯） Aeschylus （埃斯库罗斯）(525-456 BC): Prometheus Bound（被缚的普罗米修斯）, （被缚的普罗米修斯） Persians（波斯人）, Agamemon （阿伽门农）阿伽门农）（波斯人）索福克勒斯） Sophocles （索福克勒斯）(496-406 BC): Oedipus the King（奥狄浦斯王）, Electra（埃勒克特（奥狄浦斯王）（拉）, Antigone（安提戈涅）（安提戈涅） Euripides（欧里庇德斯）（484-406 BC) : Euripides（欧里庇德斯）（）（ Andromache（安德洛玛刻）, Medea（美狄（安德洛玛刻）（亚）, Trojan Women（特洛伊妇女）（特洛伊妇女）
possibility of obtaining fixed and certain knowledge about it; questions about things which cannot be perceived by the senses, such as numbers, elements, universals, and gods; the analysis of patterns of reasoning and argument; the nature of the good life and the importance of understanding and knowledge in order to pursue it; the explication of the concept of justice, and its relation to various political systems. In this period the crucial features of the philosophical method were established: a critical approach to received or established views, and the appeal to reason and argumentation.