西北大学2007年博士英语vocabulary答案

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考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编58(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编58(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．To avoid an oil shortage more machines must ______ solar energy.A．developB．introduceC．exerciseD．utilize正确答案：D解析：utilize／-ise vt．利用，使用(如：Can you utilize a computer in your work? to utilize one’s abilities in a suitable job)。

develop vt.开发，研制；发展，形成。

introduce vt．引进，传入；介绍。

exercise vt．运用，行使(权力、影响、耐心、谨慎等)。

2．There was a quick turnover of staff in the department as the manager treated his employees with______contempt.(2005年中国科学院考博试题)A．utterB．soleC．intimateD．corresponding正确答案：A解析：本题空格处是说“经理以完全蔑视的态度来对待他的员工”。

A项“utter 全然的，绝对的”符合题意，如：What he is doing is utter stupidity!(他正在做的是完全愚蠢的事!)其他三项“sole单独的，唯一的：intimate亲密的，隐私的：corresponding相应的，通信的”都不正确。

3．They need to move to new and large apartments. Do you know of any ______ones in this area?(2007年清华大学考博试题)A．evacuatedB．emptyC．vacantD．vacate正确答案：C解析：四个选项的意思分别是：evacuated撤退者的；empty空的，指里面什么东西都没有，如：The ease is empty．(这是个空箱子。

07年6月研究生学位英语真题(附完整参考答案)

2007年6月研究生学位英语真题(附完整参考答案)2007-6 PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points ) Section A ( point each ) 21. Nothing can be more absurd than to say that human beings are doomed. A. compelling B. rational C. ridiculous D. ambiguous 22. The Chinese government continues to uphold the principle of peaceful co-existence. A. support B. restrict C. raise D. modify 23. Patients are expected to comply with doctors’ instructions for quick recovery.A. improve onB. abide byC. draw uponD. reflect on 24. Scientists have achieved findings substantial enough to remove our fear of GM foods. A. abundant B. controversial C. conducive D.convincing 25. Those students who have made adequate preparations for the test will be better off. A. more wealthy B. less successful C. dismissed earlier D. favorably positioned 26. If you hold on to a winning attitude, you’ll make a greater effort and also create positive momentum.A. influenceB. strengthC. outlookD. consequence 27. Academic integrity is deemed essential to those devoted to scientific researches. A. believed B. discarded C. advocated D. confirmed 28. Customers in these markets of antiques are good at slashing prices. A. assessing B. cutting C. elevating D. altering 29. The public attached great importance to the news that prices of housing would be brought under control.A. joinedB. ascribedC. fastenedD. diverted 30. Thousands of people left their rural homesand flocked into the cities to live beside the new factories. A. dashed B. filed C. strolled D. swarmed Section B ( point each) 31._________this dull life, the full-time mom decided to find a part-time job.A. Tied up withB. Fed up withC. Wrapped up inD. Piled up with 32. In the letter, my friend said that he would love to have me as a guest in his _____ home. A. humble B. obscure C. inferior D. lower 33. Tom is sick of city life, so he buys some land in Alaska, as far from ________ as possible. A. humidity B. humanity C. harmony D. honesty 34. As an important _______ for our emotions and ideas, music can play a huge role in our life. A. vessel B. vest C. venture D. vehicle 35. The day is past when the country can afford to give high school diploma to all who___six years of instruction. A. set about B. run for C. sit through D. make for 36. The wages of manual laborers stay painfully low, meaning digitalization could drive an even deeper ______between the rich and poor.A. boundaryB. differenceC. wedgeD. variation 1 37. A farmer must learn the kinds of crops best ____ the soils on his farm. A. accustomed to B. committed to C. applied to D. suited to 38. The sun is so large that if it were ______, it would hold a million earths. A. elegantB. immenseC. hollowD. clumsy39. This patient’s life could be saved only by a major operation. That would _____ her to a high risk. A. expose B. lead C. contribute D. send 40. It takes a year for the earth to make each ________, or revolution, around the sun. A. tour B. travel C.visit D. trip PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each) Harvard University’s under-graduate education is being reformed so that it includes some time spent outside the US and more science courses, the US Cable News Network (CNN) has reported. For the first time in 30 years, Harvard is 41 its under-graduate curriculum. William Kirby, dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, said this 42 what many people had said that Harvard’s c urriculum did not provide enough choice and encourage premature specialization. \research, and science in general are ever more important,\ Particularly 44 is the idea that students need to spend time overseas, either in a traditional study-abroad program or over a summer, perhaps doing an internship or research. Students can either find the program themselves or 45 some exchange programs offered by the university.\should be spending a semester at a university in China.\It was also recommended that Harvard 47 its required \curriculum\The core curriculum was an effort created in 1978 to broaden education by requiring students to choose from a list of courses in several areas of study. Classes often focused on a highly 48 topic and emphasized \Under a new plan, the curriculum would be replaced with a set of 49 \College Courses\for example, might combine molecular and evolutionary biology and psychology, rather than focusing on one of those, said Benedict Gross, Harvard College dean. 41.A. inspecting42. A. in accordance with 43. A. update44. A. trust-worthy45. A. turn out 46. A. In spite of 47. A. perish48. A. appropriate 49. A. optical 50. A. sparingB. reviewing B. in line with B. uphold B. note-worthy B. turn in B.As if B. destroy B. imaginative B. optional B. spiraling C. searching C. in charge of C. upset C. praise-worthy C. turn to C. Let alone C. abolish C. special C. opposite C. spanning D. underlying D. in response to D. upward D. reward-worthy D. turn over D. Rather than D. denounce D. specific D. optimistic D. sparkling 2 PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each) Passage One A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power disaster. The report was published by the UK Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution.’? Quite a lot, it turns out. Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parksinstead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source--exhaust fumes(烟气). Also don’t walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward side of the street where exposure to pollutants can be 50 percent less than on the downwind side. Sitting on the driver’s side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be, less toxic than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles thrown up by wheels hitting the rails. But diesel and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly. There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants. 51. What is the passage mainly about? A. How to fight air pollution in big cities. B. How to avoid air pollution in big cities.C. How to breathe fresh air in big cities.D. How serious air pollution is in big cities.52. According to the report, air pollution in big cities __________. A. can be more serious than Chernobyl nuclear disaster B. cannot be compared with the disaster in Chernobyl C. can release as damaging radiation as the Chernobyl disaster D. can be more serious than we used to think 53. When you walk in a busy street, you should walk on the side ___________. A. where the wind is coming B. where the wind is going C. where the wind is weaker D. where the wind is stronger 54. If you take a bus in a big city in China, you should sit _________. A. on the left side in the bus B. on the right side in the bus C. in the middle of the bus D. at the back of the bus 3 55. It is implied in the passage that ________.A. people should not take street level transportationB. tiny iron particles will not cause health problemsC. airpollution on an underground train is less poisonous D. traveling on an underground train is better than taking the bus 56. While waiting to cross a busy street, you should ___________. A. wait a few seconds until the fumes reduce B. stay away from the traffic as far as possible C. hold your breath until you get to the other side of the street D. count down for the light to change Passage Two Global warming poses a threat to the earth, but humans can probably ease the climate threats brought on by rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, global climate specialist Richard Alley told an audience at the University of Vermont. Alley said his research in Greenland suggested that subtle changes in atmospheric patterns leave parts of the globe susceptible to abrupt and dramatic climate shifts that can last decades or centuries. Almost allscientists agree that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere created as humans burn fossil fuel is warming the planet. How to respond to the warming is a matter of intense political, scientific and economic debate worldwide. Alley said he was upbeat about global warming because enough clever people existed in the world to find other reliable energy sources besides fossil fuels. He said people can get rich finding marketable alternatives to fossil fuel. \piece of the action. Wouldn’t it be useful if some bright students from University of Vermont were to have a piece of the action,\Alley said that Europe and parts of eastern North America could in a matter of a few years revert to a cold, windy region, like the weather in Siberia. Such shifts have occurred frequently over the millennia, Alley’s research shows. A gradual change in atmospheric temperature, such as globalwarming, could push the climate to a threshold where such a shift suddenly occurs, he said.Alley told his audience of about 200 people in a University of Vermont lecture hall Wednesday evening that he couldn’t predict if, when or where sudden shifts toward cold, heat, drought or water could occur under global warming, but it is something everyone should consider. \along with each other. But it’s part of that because we’re not going to get along with each other if we’re not getting along with the planet,\57. According to Ally the climate threats to the earth brought by global warming _________. A. can be eased B. can be ended C. will become worse D. will last for decades 58. Ally’s research shows that dramatic climate changes may be caused by ___________. A. abrupt changes in atmospheric patterns B.subtle changes in atmospheric patterns C. humans’ burning of fossil fuel D. increasing levels of carbon dioxide 59. The word \ 4 A. pessimistic B. optimistic C. worried D. insensible 60. What does Ally suggest people do in order to reduce global warming? A. To find other energy sources besides fossil fuels. B. To start a political, scientific and economic debate. C. To take action to burn no fossil fuels. D. To call on people worldwide to protect our earth. 61. Alley predicts that global warming could turn Europe and parts of eastern North America into ______. A. a region like Siberia B. a warmer and warmer place C. a tropical region D. a place like North Pole 62. Ally thinks the biggest problem in the world is A. lack of harmony B. violence C. global warming D. climate shiftPassage Three We’re talking about money here, and the things you buy with it--and about what attitude we should take to spending. Across most of history and in most cultures, there has been a general agreement that we should work hard, save for the future and spend no more than we can afford. It’s nice to have a comfortable life right now, but it is best to think of the future. Yet economists have long known that things don’t work out that way. They point to an idea called the \you are the owner of a big business making consumer goods. You want your own staff to work hard and save their money. That way, you don’t have to pay them as much. But you want everybody else to spend all the money they can. That way you make bigger profits. It’s a problem on a global scale. Many people in the UK and the United States are worried about levels of personal debt. Yet if people suddenlystopped buying things and started paying back what they owe to credit card companies, all the economies of the Western world would collapse. The banks would be happy, but everybody else would be in trouble. Traditionally, economists have believed that spending money is about making rational choices. People buy things to make their life better in some way. But in recent years, they have noticed that people often do not actually behave in that way. We all know people who take pleasure in buying useless things. And there are many people around who won’t buy things that they need. In a recent series of experiments, scientists at Stanford University in the US confirmed something that many people have long suspected. People spend money because the act of buying gives them pleasure. And they refuse to spend when it causes them pain. The scientists discovered thatdifferent areas of the brain that anticipate pleasure and pain become more active when we are making a decision to buy things. People who spend a lot have their pleasure centers stimulated. People who like to save find buying things painful. If you think you really want that product because it’s beautiful or useful, you are wrong, say the scientists. The desire to buy something is a product of the reaction between chemicals released by different parts of the brain when the eyes see a product. 63. Across most of history and in most cultures, people are advised to _____________. 5。

考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编53(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编53(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．We all buy things on the______of the moment; this is what the retail trade calls an “impulse buy”.(2007年中国科学院考博试题)A．urgeB．forceC．spurD．rush正确答案：C解析：此题考查的是词语的搭配。

urge项表示“敦促”；force表示“力量，影响力”；spur表示“动力”；rush表示“匆促”。

只有C项有固定用法on the spur of,表示一时冲动，所以答案是C选项。

2．The young nation has not yet attained political ______.A．stabilityB．prosperityC．maturityD．independence正确答案：A解析：stability n.稳定，稳固(如：Nothing is more important than political stability for a country in its economic endeavour．)。

prosperity n.兴旺，繁荣。

maturity n.成熟(阶段)；有经验。

independence n.独立，自主。

3．Even when textbooks are ______ through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly.(2011年四川大学考博试题)A．commonplaceB．standardizedC．competitiveD．generalized正确答案：B解析：在给出的选项中：commonplace“平凡的，陈腐的，平庸的”；standardized “标准化的”；competitive“竞争的，有竞争力的”；generalized“广泛的，普遍的”。

考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编30(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编30(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Recent research into aging suggests that the body’s defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.(2003年春季电子科技大学考博试题) A．insaneB．infectiousC．foreignD．poisonous正确答案：C解析：本题中，alien的意思是“外来的，不同的”。

四个选项中，foreign的意思是“外国的，异质的”，如：a foreign object in the eye．(眼睛中的异物)。

insane 的意思是“患精神病的，极度愚蠢的”；infectious的意思是“有传染性的，易感染的”。

只有C项符合题意。

2．It is impossible to ______ whether she’ll be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.(2004年湖北省考博试题)A．foreseeB．inferC．fabricateD．inhibit正确答案：A解析：本题意为“很难预见她是否能在下个月出院回家”。

A项的“foresee 预见”符合题意。

其他三项“infer推论、推断；fabricate制作、装配，伪造；inhibit 禁止、约束”都不正确。

3．She said some bad things about me, but I have______her for that.A．releasedB．freedC．forgivenD．regretted正确答案：C解析：forgive vt．原谅，饶恕，宽恕。

考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编59(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编59(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Nobody knew how he came up with this______ idea about the trip.(2004年清华大学考博试题)A．wearyB．twilightC．unanimousD．weird正确答案：D解析：本句空格处意为“提出这个怪主意”。

weird的意思是“怪异的”，与句意相符。

而“weary疲倦的：twilight模糊的；unanimous意见一致的”都不正确。

2．An old woman was badly hurt in ______the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack.(2003年复旦大学考博试题)A．thatB．whichC．whatD．whatever正确答案：C解析：本题也可以用“An old woman was badly hurt in an accident that the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack”来表达。

因此，能代替an accident that的只有what。

3．He thought I was lying, ______ I was telling the truth.A．hithertoB．henceforthC．whereasD．nevertheless正确答案：C解析：whereas conj．(表示对比关系)然而，但是，尽管(如：One arrived promptly，whereas the others were late．Some praise him，whereas others condemn him．)。

2007英语二

2007年考研英语二（MBA联考）真题试卷及答案Section II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory，right ? Dana Denis is just 40 years old，but 21 she’s worried about what she calls’my rolling mental blackouts.””I try to remember something and I just blank out，”she saysYou may 22 about these lapses，calling them ”senior moments ”or blaming "early Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症).”Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get，the 23 you remember? Well, sort of.But as time goes by, we tend to blame age 24 problems that are not necessarily age—related.“When a teenager can’t find her keys，she thinks it's because she’s distracted or disorganized，”says Paul Gold.“A 70-year-old blames her 25 .”In fact，the 70-year-old may have been 26 things for decades.In healthy people，memory doesn’t worsen as 27 as many of us think.“As we 28 ，the memory mechanism isn’t 29 ，”says psychologist Fergus Craik.”It’s just inefficient.”The brain’s processing 30 slows down over the years，though no one knows exactly 31. Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and 32 there’s less activity in the brain.But，cautions Barry Gordon，”It's not clear that less activity is 33 .A beginning athlete is winded(气喘吁吁)more easily than a 34 athlete.In the same way, 35 the brain gets more skilled at a task，it expends less energy on it.”There are 36 you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears，though it 3 7 effort.Margaret Sewell says：”We’re a quick-fix culture, but you have to 38 to keep your brain. 3 9 shape.It’s like having a good body.You Can’t go to the gym once a year 40 expect to stay in top form.”21.A. almost B. seldom C. already D. never22.A. joke B. laugh C. blame D. criticize23.A. much B. little C. more D. less24.A. since B. for C. by D. because25.A. memory B. mind C. trouble D. health26.A. disorganizing B. misplacing C. putting D. finding27.A. swiftly B. frequently C. timely D. quickly28.A.mature B. advance C. age D. grow29.A. broken B. poor C. perfect D. working30.A. pattern B. time C. space D. information31.A . why B. how C. what D. when32.A. since B. hence C. that D. although33.A. irregular B. better C. normal D. worse34.A. famous B. senior C. popular D. trained35.A. as B. till C. though D. yet36.A. stages B. steps C. advantages D. purposes37.A. makes B. takes C. does D. spends38.A. rest B. come C. work D. study39.A. to B. for C. on D. in40.A. so B. or C. and D. ifSection III Reading comprehension (40 points)Directions:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Passage OnePrior to the 20th century, many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation, a key factor in language maintenance and preservation.It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it :population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world’s last isolated locations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the world’s peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life.Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that?Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism(mastery of two languages). Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres---at home, among friends, in community settings---and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, many small languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages, rather than yield to the homogenizing(同化的)forces of globalization.Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages.For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient(有活力的),however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous(原生的，土著的)communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language.41.Minority languages can be best preserved in __________.A.an increasingly interconnected worldB.maintaining small numbers of speakersC.relatively isolated language communitiesD.following the tradition of the 20th century42.According to Paragraph 2, that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the futureis _______.A.uncertainB.unrealisticC.foreseeableD.definite43.According to the author, bilingualism can help_________.A.small languages become acceptable in work placesB.homogenize the world’s languages and culturesC.global languages reach home and community settingsD.speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identityputer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in that it_________.A.makes learning a global language unnecessaryB.facilitates the learning and using of those languagesC.raises public awareness of saving those languagesD.makes it easier for linguists to study those languages45.In the author’s view, many endangered languages are________.A.remarkably well-kept in this modern worldB.exceptionally powerful tools of communicationC.quite possible to be revived instead of dying outD.a unique way of bringing different groups togetherPassage TwoEveryone，it seems，has a health problem。

2007年英语二问题详解解析汇报

英语试题解析Section I Vocabulary and Structure(10 points)1．答案为B。

本题考点为宾结构搭配。

根据上下文，只有B项exerting与后面的pressure 搭配恰当，意为“施加压力”；故选项B为正确答案。

译文：他的妻子一直在给他施压，要他跳槽。

2．答案为A。

本题考点为形容词语义辨析。

extinct意为“灭绝”，其他选项意思不对。

根据题意，A为正确答案。

译文：据估计，目前每年约有50 000个物种灭绝。

3．答案为A。

本题考点为名词的词义辨析。

A项scope意为“(活动)范围，机会，余地”，B项space意为“空间”，c项capacity意为“容量、能力”，D项range意为“范围，射程”。

故选项A符合译文：约翰说他目前的工作不能为他的组织能力提供充分的活动余地。

4．答案为D。

本题考点为名词的词义辨析。

A项意为“可能性”，B项意为“现实”，c项意为“必要性”，D项意为“机会”。

根据上下文，选项D符合题意。

译文：在将来，很多机会将展现在受过大学教育的人的面前。

5．答案为B。

本题考点为几个形近动词的词议辨析。

A项意为“居住”，B项意为“继承”，c项意为“禁止”，D项意为“吸入”。

根据题意，选项B为正确答案。

译文：年轻人在叔父死后继承了漂亮的庄园，从一个穷人变成了有钱的贵族。

6．答案为D。

本题要考的是形容词与名词的搭配。

A项意为“繁荣的”，B项意为“初步的”，c项意为“悲观的”，D项意为“预期的”。

根据题意，选项D为正确答案。

译文：经理正在拜访一个预期的客户，试图说服他签订这项协议。

7．答案为C。

本题考的是名词的词义辨析。

A项意为“复苏”，B项意为“镇压”，c 项意为．“衰退、不景气”，D项意为“恢复”。

根据题意，选项c为正确答案。

译文：1991年，当工业化国家遭遇经济萧条的时候，发展中国家的经济却快速增长。

8．答案为Ｃ。

本题考的是动宾结构的搭配。

A项意为“召集”，B项意为“引诱”，c 项意为“激怒”，D项意为“绊倒”。

考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．She had a great______ for the toxin where she grew up.A．feelingB．tasteC．emotionD．affection正确答案：D解析：affection(for)n．爱，深挚的感情(注：如果前面有形容词修饰可加不定冠词：A feeling of affection grew up between them．He thanked her with genuine affection．He had a warm affection for his mother．)。

feeling n．感情(中性名词，常有形容词修饰才能说明具体的感情)。

taste(for)n．口味，鉴赏力(have a taste for sth．能欣赏……)。

emotion n．情感，情绪(没有have an emotion for sth．的句型)。

2．The company that Joan works for is ______ with an automotive company, so she can get a discount on a new car.(2014年北京航空航天大学考博试题) A．correlatedB．parallelC．affiliatedD．accounted正确答案：C解析：本题考查固定搭配。

A有相互关系的：B使与……平行；C附属的，有关联的；D解释，认为。

句意为：琼工作的公司隶属于一家汽车公司，所以她可以得到一辆新车。

此处“be affiliated with”为固定搭配，意思“隶属于……”，故此处答案为C。

3．The Supreme Court______the judgment of the lower court in that case last week. (2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)A．amplifiedB．affirmedC．ascendedD．applauded正确答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别是；amplified放大：affirmed认可，批准(法律，判决)：ascended上升，攀登；applauded鼓掌，赞同。

2007英语真题及答案

2007 年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Vocabulary ( 10 points )Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.1．His wife has been _______a lot of pressure on him to change his job．A．taking B．exerting C．giving D．pushing2．It is estimated that，currently, about 50，000 species become _____every year．A．extinct B．instinct C．distinct D．intense3．John says that his present job does not provide him with enough ______for his organizing ability．scope B．space C．capacity D．range4．Many _______will be opened up in the future for those with a university education．A.probabilitiesB.realities C．necessities D．opportunities5．After his uncle died，the young man _____the beautiful estate with which he changed from a poor man to a wealthy noble．A．inhabited B．inherited C．inhibited D．inhaled6．The manager is calling on a______ customer trying to talk him into signing the contract．A.prosperousB.preliminary C．pessimistic D．prospective7．In 1991，while t11e economies of industrialized countries met an economic_____，the economies of developing countries were growing very fast．A．revival B．repression C．recession D．recovery8．The destruction of the twin towers _________shock and anger throughout the world．A．summoned B．tempted C provoked D．stumbled9．About 20 of the passengers who were injured in a plane crash are said to be in _____condition．A．decisive B．urgent C．vital D．critical10．The interactions between China and the US will surely have a significant _______on peace and stability in the Asia—Pacific region and the world as a whole．A．importance B．impression C．impact D．implication11．The poor countries are extremely _______to international economic fluctuations-A．inclined B．vulnerable C．attracted D．reduced12．Applicants should note that all positions are——to Australian citizenship requirements．A．subject B．subjective C．objected D．objective13．We aim to ensure that all candidates are treated fairly and that they have equal ______to employment opportunities．A．entrance B．entry C．access D．admission14．Successful learning is not a(n)________activity but consists of four distinct stages in a specific orderA．only B．sole C．mere D．single15．The opportunity to explore and play and the encouragement to do so Can ________the performance of many children．A．withhold B．prevent C．enhance D．justify16．All her hard work __________in the end，and she finally passed the exam．A．showed off B．paid off C．1eft off D．kept off17．In order to live the kind of life we want and to be the person we want to be，we have to do more than just ________with events．A．put sup B．set up C．turn up D．make up18．The team played hard because the championship of the state was______.A．at hand B．at stake C．at large D．at best19．I don’t think you'll change his mind；once he’s decided on so something he tends to _____it.A．stick to B．abide by C．comply with D．keep on20．Tom placed the bank notes，_________the change and receipts，back in the drawer．A. more thanB. but for C．thanks to D. along withSection II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory，right ? Dana Denis is just 40 years old，but 21 she’s worried about what she calls’my rolling mental blackouts.””I try to remember something and I just blank out，”she saysYou may 22 about these lapses，calling them ”senior moments ”or blaming "early Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症)．”Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get，the 23 you remember? Well, sort of．But as time goes by, we tend to blame age 24 problems that are not necessarily age—related．“When a teenager can’t find her keys，she thinks it's because she’s distracted or disorganized，”says Paul Gold．“A 70-year-old blames her 25 ．”In fact，the 70-year-old may have been 26 things for decades．In healthy people，memory doesn’t worsen as 27 as many of us think．“As we 28 ，the memory mechanism isn’t 29 ，”says psychologist Fergus Craik．”It’s just inefficient．”/The brain’s processing 30 slows down over the years，though no one knows exactly 31. Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and 32 there’s less activity in the brain．But，cautions Barry Gordon，”It's not clear that less activity is 33 ．A beginning athlete is winded（气喘吁吁）more easily than a 34 athlete．In the same way, 35 the brain gets more skilled at a task，it expends less energy on it.”There are 36 you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears，though it 3 7 effort．Margaret Sewell says：”We’re a quick-fix culture, but you have to 38 to keep your brain. 3 9 shape．It’s like having a good body．You Can’t go to the gym once a year 40 expect to stay in top form.”21．A. almost B. seldom C. already D. never22．A. joke B. laugh C. blame D. criticize23．A. much B. little C. more D. less24．A. since B. for C. by D. because25．A. memory B. mind C. trouble D. health26．A. disorganizing B. misplacing C. putting D. finding27．A. swiftly B. frequently C. timely D. quickly28．A．mature B. advance C. age D. grow29．A. broken B. poor C. perfect D. working30．A. pattern B. time C. space D. information31．A . why B. how C. what D. when32．A. since B. hence C. that D. although33．A. irregular B. better C. normal D. worse34．A. famous B. senior C. popular D. trained35．A. as B. till C. though D. yet36．A. stages B. steps C. advantages D. purposes37．A. makes B. takes C. does D. spends38．A. rest B. come C. work D. study39．A. to B. for C. on D. in40．A. so B. or C. and D. ifSection III Reading comprehension (40 points)Directions:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Passage OnePrior to the 20th century, many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation, a key factor in language maintenance and preservation.It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it :population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world’s last isolated locations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the world’s peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life.Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that?Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism（mastery of two languages）. Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres---at home, among friends, in community settings---and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, many small languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages,rather than yield to the homogenizing（同化的）forces of globalization.Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages.For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient（有活力的）,however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous（原生的，土著的）communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language.41.Minority languages can be best preserved in __________.A．an increasingly interconnected worldB．maintaining small numbers of speakersC．relatively isolated language communitiesD．following the tradition of the 20th century42.According to Paragraph 2, that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is _______.A．uncertain B．unrealistic C．foreseeable D．definite43.According to the author, bilingualism can help_________.A．small languages become acceptable in work placesB．homogenize the world’s languages and culturesC．global languages reach home and community settingsD．speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identityputer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in that it_________.A．makes learning a global language unnecessaryB．facilitates the learning and using of those languagesC．raises public awareness of saving those languagesD．makes it easier for linguists to study those languages45.In the author’s view, many endangered languages are________.A．remarkably well-kept in this modern worldB．exceptionally powerful tools of communicationC．quite possible to be revived instead of dying outD．a unique way of bringing different groups togetherPassage TwoEveryone，it seems，has a health problem。

2007年考博英语题

2007年考博英语题一、vocabulary and structure1. This book is expected to ____ the best-seller lists.A. promoteB. prevailC. dominateD. exemplify答案：C. dominate2. under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat____.A. towedB. pressedC. tossedD. propelled答案：D. propelled3. Just because I’m _____ to him, my boss thinks he can order me around without showing me any respect.A. redundantB. superiorC. versatileD. subordinate答案：D. subordinate4. although the colonists ____ to some extent with the native Americans, the Indians’ influence on American culture and language was not extensive.A. migratedB. irritatedC. mingledD. melted答案：C. mingled5. The jobs of wildlife technicians and biologists seemed _____ to him but one day he discovered their different.A.identicalB. verticalC. parallelD. specific答案：A.identical6. Mary became _____ homesick and critical of the United States, so she fled from her home in west Bloomfield to her hometown in Australia.A. completelyB. sincerelyC. absolutelyD. increasingly答案：D. increasingly7. although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close ____.A. temperamentB. scrutinyC. symmetryD. contamination答案：B. scrutiny8. while a full understanding of what causes the disease may be several years away, ____leading to a successful treatment could come much sooner.A. a distinctionB. an identificationC. an interpretationD. a breakthrough答案：D. a breakthrough9. each workday, the workers followed the same schemes and rarely _____from this routine.A. disconnectedB. detachedC. deviatedD. distorted答案：C. deviated10. They were _____ in their scientific research not knowing what happen outside their job.A. submergedB. drownedC. dippedD. immersed答案：D. immersed11. Watch the magician and try to_____ how he makes the dove disappear.A. set outB. figure outC. catch onD. work on答案：B. figure out12. poor transport facilities and the lack of resources, raw materials and energy also partly____ the drop in contract fulfillment.A. accounted forB. attributed toC. contribute forD. depended on答案：A. accounted for13. The world’s population is not _____evenly throughout the regions of the world.A. scatteredB. placedC. organizedD. spread答案：A. scattered14. Many students find _____ jobs during their summer holidays.A. contemptibleB. temporaryC. satisfactoryD. counterpart答案：B. temporary15. the Grapes of Warth, a novel about the Depression years of the 1980s, is one of John Steinkeck’s _____books.A. most famousB. the most famousC. are most famousD. and most famous答案：A. most famous16. The human Skehon consists of more than two hundred bones_____ together by tough and relatively irrelastic connective tissues called ligamentsA. are boundB. to bindC. bind themD. bound答案：D. bound17. in the 1850’s H.B,Stowe’s “Uncle Tom’s Cabin ”became the best shelter of the generation, _____a host of imitators.A. inspiredB. inspired byC. inspiritingD. to inspire答案：C. inspiriting18. I will see to _____ the regulations printed.A. getB. gettingC. haveD. be getting答案：B. getting19. Although most algae are predominantly single-celled, those masked with brown and red pigments ____ multicellular.A. forB. theC. areD. when答案：C. are20. although hazel tree are small, _____ branches are strong and flexible.A. andB. theirC. itD. but their答案：B. their二、Reading comprehension21. it is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if _____.A. high levels of nitrogenB. the components of the soilC. the numbers and kinds of the plantsD. the diversity of the species答案：D. the diversity of the species22. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “bounty” ?A. good harvestB. poor harvestC. boundaryD. drought答案：A. good harvest23. according to Tillman, if the world loses its biological diversity_____.A. bounty and famine will alternateB. sea levels will rise rapidlyC. humanity’s waste products will become lessD. nitrogen in soil will rise above normal答案：A. bounty and famine will alternate24. Tillman implies that compared with the lifestyle of Westerners. Asians_____.A. are more likely to let cattle graze on grasslands.B. pay more attention to their relationship with other organism in this world.C. eat more agricultural products in their everyday life.D. use more natural resources in their everyday life.答案：B. pay more attention to their relationship with other organism in this world.25. The last paragraph mainly argues _____A. the different lifestyle between Westerners and AsiansB. human’s interdependence with other organisms in this worldC. how to keep environment from deteriorationD. how to turn to quality food into high-quality food.答案：C. how to keep environment from deterioration26. People in the 18 th and 19th centuries used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night because they had_____.A. no drive and ambitionB. no electric lightingC. the best sleep habitsD. nothing to do in the evening答案：B. no electric lighting27. according to Dr. David, Americans____.A. are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of lifeB. often neglect the consequences of sleep deficitC. do not know how to relax themselves properlyD. can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep.答案：B. often neglect the consequences of sleep deficit28. Many Americans believe thatA. sleep is the first thing that can be sacrificed when one is busyB. they need more sleep to copy with the complexities of everyday lifeC. to sleep is something once can do at any time of the dayD. enough sleep promotes people’s drive and ambition答案：A. sleep is the first thing that can be sacrificed when one is busy29. the word “subjects” refer to_____A. the performance tests used in study of sleep deficitB. special branches of knowledge that are being studiedC. people whose behavior or reactions are being studiedD. the psychological consequences of sleep deficit答案：C. people whose behavior or reactions are being studied30. it can be concluded from the passage that one should sleep as many hours as is necessary to ______A. improve one’s memory dramaticallyB. be considered dynamic by other peopleC. maintain one’s daily scheduleD. feel energetic and perform adequately答案：D. feel energetic and perform adequately31.in their speech young people like to ______A. invent words that older people cannot understandB. use words invented by pop starsC. give words new meanings to mislead their parentsD. copy the speech of their contemporaries答案：D. copy the speech of their contemporaries32. words of praise keep changing because______.A. they lose their freshnessB. there are more words available in this areaC. young people are becoming more discriminatingD. older people try to avoid the in-words of the young答案：A. they lose their freshness33.the fact that magic is a frequent source of words of praise suggests the people_____.A. lack linguistic originality.B. have always been interested in magicC. are becoming more superstitiousD. are interested in magic when young答案：B. have always been interested in magic34.the word “rage” probably means “______”A. violent angerB. a stormC. a current fashionD. a burning desire答案：C. a current fashion35. to the author’s granddaughter the word “ripping”_____.A. seems strange and old fashionedB. has a clearer meaning than it does for the authorC. is unacceptable because it is slangD. means much the same as smashing答案：A. seems strange and old fashioned36. From the passage we know that Wooster______.A. is the best model of growing city.B. is the place where the author lives.C. has no change in the past five yearsD. is a developed city with no pollution答案：B. is the place where the author lives.37.it can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. Wooster used to be a quiet and peaceful city surrounded by farmland.B. with many nationwide shopping centers, Wooster lost its uniqueness.C. it is unavoidable to destruct farmland when city grows.D. is a developed city with no pollution答案：C. it is unavoidable to destruct farmland when city grows.38.the author mentioned an oak tree in the 5th paragraph in order to ______.A. blame the planning commission for its wrong decision.B. describe the beauty and naturalness of the cityC. show the residential and commercial growth of the cityD. show the detriment of commercial expansion to plants答案：D. show the detriment of commercial expansion to plants39. it can be concluded from the passage that the author think Wooster’s plumping commission ______.A. should have avoided such a tragedy.B. has tried its best to protect the environmentC. is the cause of environment pollutionD. preserves the hillsides and fields答案：A. should have avoided such a tragedy.40. Which of the following sentence best expresses the main idea of the passage?A. when planning for future developments, effects on the environment should be taken into consideration.B. with a safety growth of pollution, more homes and more work places are needed.C. with immerse technology, population growth and economic flourish, we need to plan for the future.D. planning for future residential and commercial developments has had effects on the environment and the people.答案：A. when planning for future developments, effects on the environment should be taken into consideration.41. Robert Spring was so good as his profession as a forger that _______.A. his bookstore in Philadelphia was an immediate successB. even experts felt difficult to distinguish his products from the originalsC. even famous American liked his productsD. he prospered by selling his forgeries答案：D. he prospered by selling his forgeries42. why didn’t Spring sell his forgeries in America?A. because there was no demand for these thingsB. because America was not his motherlandC. because he would have to take greater risk of being discoveredD. because he would make more money by selling them in foreign countries答案：C. because he would have to take greater risk of being discovered43. according to the passage, Miss Fanny Jack was _____A. a respectable maiden from the southB. a famous general’s only daughter who survived the warC. a poor girl who had to sell her father’s paper to othersD. an imagined person created by Spring答案：D. an imagined person created by Spring44. in order to sell forgeries, Spring used all the methods except______.A. treating paper and ink with chemical.B. photocopying the handwriting of only famous AmericansC. using aged paper taken from old booksD. approaching people who were not experts答案：B. photocopying the handwriting of only famous Americans45. Spring hard work _____.A. failed to earn the well-off life in the endB. satisfied people’s demand for southern manuscriptsC. enabled him to live happily for fifteen yearsD. made it impossible for experts to tell the true from the false autographs答案：D. made it impossible for experts to tell the true from the false autographs46. The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because____.A. the definition of maturity has changedB. more education is provided and laws against child labor are madeC. the industrialized society is more developedD. ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance答案：B. more education is provided and laws against child labor are made 47. Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to _____.A. certain behavioral changesB. social recognitionC. socio-economic statusD. graduations from schools and colleges答案：D. graduations from schools and colleges48. no one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood privileges until he is ____.A. twenty-one years oldB. sixteen years oldC. eleven years oldD. between twelve and twenty-one years old答案：A. twenty-one years old49. starting from 22, _____.A. one will obtain more basic rightsB. one won’t get more rights than when he is 21C. the older one becomes, the more basic rights he will haveD. one will enjoy more rights granted by society答案：B. one won’t get more rights than when he is 2150. according to the passage, it is true that _____.A. in the late 19th century in the United States the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existed.B. no one can marry without the permission of his parents until the age of twenty-oneC. one is considered to have reached adulthood when he has a driver’s licenseD. one is not free from the restrictions of child labor laws until he can join in army.答案：A. in the late 19th century in the United States the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existed.51. the nuclear family is made of ______.A. individuals from several generationsB. husband, wife and childrenC. husband, wife and their parentsD. widowed parents and their children答案：B. husband, wife and children52. The man who suffered from depression is mentioned as an example of _____.A. someone being accepted by family members regardless of how that personrespondsB. someone who is an outcast because of illnessC. there being limits to the amount of help a family will give to a member who fails to return or accept their care.D. someone who is brought into the family activities by a caring family答案：C. there being limits to the amount of help a family will give to a member who fails to return or accept their care.53. according to the passage, widowed parents live together with their children when______.A. they can not take care of themselvesB. they are invited by their childrenC. they are needed as grandparents to take care of the grandchildrenD. they have no other choice答案：D. they have no other choice54. in this short passage the author mainly describes_______.A. what the relations between adults and the immigrant generation are likeB. how old people are treatedC. what conflicts result between young and old if they live togetherD. the family type that existed among Italian-Americans living in Boston-West End.答案：D. the family type that existed among Italian-Americans living in Boston-West End.55. the types of family existing in the West End is ______.A. a nuclear familyB. an extended familyC. an expanded familyD. a working-class family答案：A. a nuclear family三、translation1. with so great a proportion of the young people entering higher education there is a problem of maintaining academic standards, and the process can be painful.答案：随着大量年轻人接受高等教育，确保学术水平的问题也出现了，这个问题是艰巨的。

2007年3月中国科学院考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2007年3月中国科学院考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Reductions in overseas government expenditure took place, but______ and more gradually than now seems desirable.A．reluctantlyB．unwittinglyC．impulsivelyD．anxiously正确答案：A解析：A项的意思是“不情愿地”，B项的意思是“无意地”，C项的意思是“有推动力地”，D项的意思是“焦虑地”。

句子的意思是“海外政府不情愿地减少了支出，而且逐步减少才比较合理”，所以答案是A。

2．In fear for their lives and in______of their freedom, thousands of enslaved women and children fled to the Northern States on the eve of the American Civil War.A．wayB．viewC．visionD．pursuit正确答案：D解析：A项way意为“方法”，B项view意为“观点”，C项vision意为“光景，视野”，D项pursuit意为“追求”，in pursuit of their freedom意为“追求他们的自由”，所以答案是D。

3．If I could envisage a reasonably quick and comprehensive solution to the crisis in Iraq, I would not have entitled my speech “The______Problem”.A．InstantB．InverseC．InsolubleD．Intact正确答案：C解析：本句用的是虚拟语气，意思是“如果我能找到一个合理的、全面快速解决伊拉克危机的方法，我就不会把演讲的题目定为……”，言下之意是目前解决的方法还没有找到。

2007医博统考听力题解析原文

2007年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题Paper OnePart ⅠListening Comprehension(30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite all day.Question: What’s the matter with the woman?You will read:A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B DNow let’s begin with question Number 1.1. A. To do some experiments. B. To attend a class.C. To review his lessons.D. To take a test.2. A. In a hotel. B. In the hospital. C. In the prison. D. At the airport.3. A. He got an ulcer in his stomach. B. He got hurt in the soccer game.C. He will be discharged soon.D. He got his tumor removed.4. A. She told a lie so as not to hurt Jimmy. B. She left because she had a headache.C. She hurt Jimmy by telling him a lie.D. She slept off her headache.5. A. His new car is not fast enough.B. His new car moves very fast.C. His new car is a real bargain.D. His new car is somewhat of a financial burden.6. A. Get more time to relax. B. Take some tranquilizers.C. Seek a second opinion.D. Avoid her responsibilities.7. A. He got a headache while establishing the institute.B. He had a hard time getting the institute started.C. Everything was OK at the beginning.D. Avoid her responsibilities.8. A. Excited. B. Frustrated. C. Annoyed. D. Relieved.9. A. Each class lasts an hour.B. The class is meeting in an hour and a half.C. The class meets four hours and a half per week.D. The class meets for half an hour three times a week.10. A. The woman was a good skier. B. The woman couldn’t ski.C. The woman didn’t intend to go skiing.D. The woman didn’t like Swiss.11. A. She’s an insurance agent. B. She’s an insurance client.C. She’s a bank clerk.D. She’s a driver.12. A. He tripped over some crutches. B. He had rheumatism in his legs.C. He sprained his foot.D. He broke his leg.13. A. The vacation is almost gone.B. The vacation has just started.C. They are prepared for the new semester.D. They can’t wait for the new semester.14. A. She was knocked down by a feather. B. She is shamed of Larry.C. She was really surprised.D. She was proud of Larry.15. A. To visit his son. B. To perform an operation.C. To have an operation.D. To send his son for an operation.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear three passages. After each one, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage One16. A. A pharmacist. B. A visitor. C. A physician. D. A dieter.17. A. Cough. B. Diarrhea. C. Headache. D. Stomach upset.18. A. Pain-killers. B. Cough syrup. C. Antidiarrheas. D. Indigestion tablets.19. A. The cold weather. B. Tiredness caused by traveling.C. The strange food he had eaten.D. The greasy food he had eaten.20. A. Take the medicine from the woman. B. Go to see a specialist.C. Stop eating and drinking for a few days.D. Stay in bed for a couple of days.Passage Two21. A. Headaches. B. Insomnia.C. Respiratory problems.D. Digestive problems.22. A. On Monday in Edinburgh. B. On Wednesday in Edinburgh.C. On Monday at Staffordshire University.D. On Wednesday at Staffordshire University.23. A. 94. B. 41. C. 130. D. 135.24. A. The subjects were asked to write of their free will.B. The subjects were asked to write in a systematic way.C. The subjects were asked to say how often they made entries.D. The subjects were asked if they had written down anything traumatic.25. A. The diarists who write of their free will.B. The diarists who were students at Staffordshire University.C. The diarists who had written about trauma.D. The non-diarists who were susceptible to headaches.Passage Three26. A. A brief history of British pubs.B. Beer—the British national drink.C. Various attempts made to curb drinking in Britain.D. The frustrating opening and closing hours of British pubs.27. A. As early as 659 AD. B. After 659 AD.C. Before the Roman invasion.D. After the Roman invasion.28. A. To restrict drinking hours.B. To restrict travelers to certain drinks.C. To encourage the locals to drink in other towns,D. To encourage inns to lodge various kinds of people.29. A. People were better off.B. The government failed to persuade people from drinking.C. There appeared a new cheap drink.D. Drinkers had found various ways to get around the taws.30. A. The licensing hours have been extended.B. Old people are not allowed to drink in pubs.C. Children are not allowed yet to drink in pubs.D. Big changes have taken place in pubs.2007全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题参考答案及解析Paper OnePart ⅠListening Comprehension(30%)Section A1. D 由男士的话I have an exam in about twenty minutes可知他正赶去做测验。

通用学术英语Vocabulary答案

Unit 1Task 4 P201) dispense, give, share, provide, apply, distribute, assign, allocate, allot2) check, watch, survey, observe, oversee, supervise, keep an eye on, keep track of3) harmful, damaging, conflicting, dangerous, opposite, negative, destructive, detrimentaldisadvantageous4) constitute, compose, comprise, make up5) intensify, add to, complicate, worsen, heighten, exacerbate, aggravate, magnify, augment6) incompatible, conflicting, contrary, at odds, contradictory, in conflict, incongruous,discordant, incoherent7) earlier, previous, former, preceding, foregoing, pre-existing8) disability, disorder, defect, complaint, illness, disease, ailment, affliction, infirmity9) endanger, threaten, put at risk, put in jeopardy, risk, expose' hazard, menace, imperil10) support, confirm, document, sustain, back up, ratify, validate, bear out11) area, world, field, department, sector, discipline, sphere, realm, speciality12) warm, signal, inform, alarm, notify, forewarnUnit 2Task 4 P66-671) include, contain, take in, embrace, integrate, embody, encompass, assimilate, comprise, becomposed of, consist of2) sound, good, reasonable, telling, powerful, convincing, acceptable, sensible, rational,logical, viable, credible, plausible, weighty, well-founded, cogent, well-grounded3) fundamental, basic, essential, root, prime, primary radical, elementary, intrinsic4) standard, test, rule, measure, principle, norm, gauge, yardstick, touchstone, benchmark5 )describe, portray,characterize, narrate, outline, represent6) disagreeing, contrary, conflicting, differing, contradictory, inconsistent, incompatible,incongruous, discordant,7) cause, move, inspire, stimulate, urge, spur, provoke, motivate, induce, evoke, give rise to,elicit, incite, instigate, impel, call forth8) explain, justify, clarify, give a reason for, give an explanation for, illuminate, clear up,answer for, rationalize, elucidate9) emphasize, stress, accent, feature, underline, spotlight, play up, accentuate, foreground,focus attention on, call attention to, give prominence to, attach importance to10) produce, breed, cause, create, engender, give rise to, make, yield11) accept, put up with (informal), resign oneself, submit, yield12) part, factor, unit, item, element, ingredient, constituentUnit 3Task 4 P113-114i) granted, gave, rendered, assigned, presented with, conferred2) extent, size, magnitude, importance, scope, greatness3) prosper, flourish, bloom, burgeon, grow rich4) disagreement, difference, conflict, contradiction, inconsistency, disparity, divergence,incongruity, dissimilarity, discordance5) remarkable, significant, extraordinary, outstanding, exceptional, notable6) establish, start, begin, launch, set up, introduce, initiate, originate7) praising, acclaiming, applauding, paying tribute to, glorify8) ascribe, apply, credit, refer, trace, assign9) varied, different, mixed, diverse, diversified, assorted, incongruous, dissimilar10) strength, asset, plus, advantage, benefit, merit, credit11) equivalent to, the same as, identical to, similar to, identified with, equal to, tantamount to12) overpowering, strong, powerful, towering, vast, compelling, irresistible, compulsive,forceful, uncontrollableUnit 4Task 4 (P163-164)1) new, different, altered, fresh, unusual, uncommon2) hampered, restricted, curbed, slowed down, held up, interfered with, hindered, impeded3) plan, programme, strategy, system, design, project, proposal4) children, kids, youngsters, infants, successors, descendants5) assigned, granted, dispensed, designated, set aside, given out, budgeted, distributed, shared out6) continue, last, remain, carry on, endure, keep up, linger7) build up, increase, grow, gather, pile up, amass8) accepted, recognize, known, seen, noted, celebrated9) believed, thought, supposed, assumed, guessed, took it, postulated, surmised, presupposed10) damaging, destructive, harmful, adverse, pernicious, unfavourable11) danger, risk, threat, menace, peril,jeopardy12) exempt from, free from, not subject to, not liable to。

2007年全国医学博士外语入学统一考试(附答案)

2007年全国医学博士外语统一考试听力真题Part I Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.1. A.To do some experimentsB. To attend a class.C. To review his lesson.D. To take a test.2. A. In a hotel.B. In the hospital.C. In the prison.D. At the airport.3 A. He got an ulcer in his stomach.B. He got hurt in the soccer game.C. He will be discharged soon.D .He got his tumor removed4 A. She told a lie so as not to hurt Jimmy.B. She left because she had a headache.C. She hurt Jimmy by telling him a lie.D. She slept off her headache.5 A. His new car is not fast enough.B. His new car moves very fast.C. His new car is a real bargain.D. His new car is somewhat of a financial burden.6 A. Get more time to relax.B. Take some tranquilizers.C. Seek a second opinion.D. Avoid her responsibilities.7 A. He got a headache while establishing the institute.B .He had a hard time getting the institute started.C. Everything was OK at the beginning.D. It is impossible to open such an institute in Seoul.8 A. Excited.B. Frustrated.C. Annoyed.D. Relieved.9 A. Each class lasts an hour.B. The class is meeting in an hour and a half.C. The class meets four hours and an half per week.D. The classmeets for half an hour three times a week.10 A. The woman was a good skier.B. The woman couldn‟t ski.C. The woman didn‟t intend to go skiing.D. The woman didn‟t like Swiss.11 A. She‟s an insurance agent.B. She‟s an insurance client.C. She…s a bank clerk.D. She‟s a driver.12 A. He tripped over some crutches.B. He had rheumatism in his legs.C. He sprained his foot.D. He broke his leg.13 A. The vacation is almost gone.B. The vacation has just started.C. They are prepared for the new semester.D. They can‟t wait for the new semester.14 A. She was knocked down by a feather.B. She is shamed of Larry.C. She was really surprised.D. She was proud of Larry.15 A. To visit his son.B. To perform an operation.C. To have an operation.D. To send his son for an operation.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear three passages. After each one, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage One16 A. A pharmacist.B. A visitor.C. A physician.D. A dieter.17 A. Cough.B. Diarrhea.C. Headache.D. Stomach upset18 A. Pain-killers.B. Cough syrup.C. Antidiarrheas.D. Indigestion tablets.19 A. The cold weather.B. Tiredness caused by traveling.C. The strange food he had eaten.D. The greasy food he had eaten.20 A. Take the medicine from the woman.B. Go to see a specialist.C. Stop eating and drinking for a few days.D. Stay in bed for a couple of days.Passage Two21 A. Headaches.B. Insomnia.C. Respiratory problems.D. Digestive problems.22 A. On Monday in Edinburgh.B. On Wednesday in Edinburgh.C. On Monday at Staffordshire University.D. On Wednesday at Staffordshire University.23 A. 94.B. 41.C.130.D. 135.24 A. The subjects were asked to write of their free will.B. The subjects were asked to write in a systematic way.C. The subjects were asked to say how often they made entries.D. The subjects were asked if they had written down anythingtraumatic.25 A. The diarists who write of their free will.B. The diarists who were students at Staffordshire University.C. The diarists who had written about trauma.D. The non-diarists who were susceptible to headaches.Passage Three26 A. A brief history of British pubs.B. Beer—the British national drink.C. Various attempts made to curb drinking in British.D. The frustrating opening and closing hours of British pubs.27 A. As early as 659AD.B. After 659ADC. Before the Roman invasion.D. After the Roman invasion.28 A. To restrict drinking hours.B. To restrict travelers to certain drinks.C. To encourage the locals to drink in other towns.D. To encourage inns to lodge various kinds of people.29 A. People were better off.B. The government failed to persuade people from drinking.C. There appeared a new cheap drink.D. Drinkers had found various ways to get around the laws.30 A. The licensing hours have been extended.B. Old people are not allowed to drink in pubs.C. Children are not allowed yet to drink in pubs.D. Big changes have taken place in pubs.PartⅡVocabulary (10%)Section ADirections:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or pareses, marked A, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choosethe word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark youranswer on the ANSWER SHEET.31. The doctor gave him an injection in order to _______ the pain.A. alleviateB. aggregateC. abolishD. allocate32. His broken arm healed will, but she died of the pneumonia which followed as a _______.A. complementB. complimentC. complexionD. complication33. Unfortunately, our vacation plans _____ on account of transport strikes.A. fell backB. fell throughC. fell uponD. fell to34. The ______ climate of Hawaii attractsvisitors form all over the world every year.A. genialB. frigidC. genuineD. foul35. This is the ______ in which the organism lives most effectively.A. optimumB. optionC. ordealD. orbit36. The doctor suggests that a good holiday in the country should ____ him nicely after his operation.A. set…offB. set …upC. set…offD. set…aside37. His behavior was so ______ that even the merciful people could not forgive him.A. uniqueB. unconventionalC. brutalD. brilliant38. ______ to your present job until you can get a better one.A. Hang aboutB. Hang backC. Hang behindD. Hang on39. Suffering from his leg illness, Tom is very _______ nowadays.A. emaciatedB. eligibleC. elasticD. exceptional40. He saved some money for artistic _______ such as fine paintings.A. donationsB. profitsC. luxuriesD. luresSection BDirections: In this section each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined,beneathwhich are four words or phrases. Choose the word or phrase whichwould best keep the meaningof the original sentence if it is substituted for theunderlined part. Then mark the letter of yourchoice on the ANSWER SHEET.41. It has been proved that the chemical is lethal to rats but safe for cattle.A. fatalB. reactiveC. uniqueD. vital42. To their surprise, she has been nominated as candidate for the Presidency.A. recognizedB. definedC. appointedD. promoted43. We cannot look down upon our opponent, who is an experienced swimmer.A. playerB. competitorC. refereeD. partner44. She is regarded as a good nurse in that she attends to patients without any complaint.A. sees throughB. looks overC. takes inD. cares for45. It is well known that the minimum penalty for this crime is 2 years‟ imprisonment.A. convictionB. spanC. mercyD. punishment46. The whole area of the national and local governments tried to wipe out rats to preventthe spread of disease.A. exterminateB. dominateC. determinateD. contaminate47. All the students are afraid of him since he is always severe with them.A. vigorousB. rigorousC. vigilantD. rigid48. The biggest engineering project that they undertook was encumbered by lack of funds.A canceled B. condensed C. hampered D. haunted49. In order to be a successful diplomat you must be enthusiastic and magnetic.A. arrogantB. industriousC. zealousD. attractive50. He is successful as a doctor because of this dynamic personality, he seems to have unlimitedenergy.A. meticulousB. vigorousC. aggressiveD. arbitraryPart III Cloze (10%)Directions:In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of yourchoice on the ANSWER SHEET.Many Canadians enjoy the luxury of a large amount of living space. Canada is vast, and the homes are large according to the standards of many counties. Even___51__inner cities do not reach the extremes found in other parts of world.Canadians appreciate the space and value their privacy. Since families are generally small, many Canadian children enjoy the luxury of their own bedroom. Having more than one bathroom in a house is also considered a modern __52__.Many rooms in Canadian homes have specialized functions. “Family rooms”are popular features in modern houses; these are __53__, “living rooms”since many living rooms have become reserved for entertaining. Some homes have formal and informal dining areas, __54__.Recreational homes are also popular__55___ Canadians. Some Canadians own summerhomes, cottages, or camps. These may __56__ from a small one-room cabin to a luxurious building that rivals the comforts of the regular residence. Some cottages are winterized for year-round use. Cottages offer people the chance to “get away from it all.” They are so popular that summer weekend traffic jams are common, especially in large cities such as Toronto, where the number of people leaving town on Friday night and returning Sunday might __57__the highways for hours.Sometimes, living in Canada means not only having privacy, but also being isolated. Mobility has become a part of modern life; people often do not live in one place long enough to __58__ to know their neighbors. Tenants live their own lives in their apartments or townhouses. Even in private residential areas, where there is some ___59___, neighborhood life is not as close-knit as it once was. There seems to be __60__ of a communal spirit. Life today is so hectic that there is often little time.51. A. spacious B. crowded C. remote D. deserted52. A. convenience B. comfort C. architecture D. taste53. A. in common B. in particular C. in chief D. in fact54. A. either B. as well C. in turn D. instead55. A. to B. in C. with D. for56. A. transform B. convert C. range D. shift57. A. blocks B. halts C. cuts off D. keeps off58. A. become B. come C. get D. grow59. A. stability B. mobility C. reality D. tranquility60. A. bit B. much C. more D. lessPart IV Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneThe popular idea that classical music can improve your maths is falling form favor. New experiments have failed to support the widely publicized finding that Mozart’s music promotes mathematical thinking.Researchers reported six years age that listening to Mozart brings about short-term improvements in spatial-temporal reasoning, the type of thinking used in maths. Gordon Shaw of the University of California at Irvine and Frances Rauscher of the University of Wisconsin in Oshkosh had asked students to perform spatial tasks such as imagining how a piece of paper would look if it were folded and cut in a certain pattern.Some of the students then listened to a Mozart sonata and took the test again. The performance of the Mozart group improved, Shaw found. He reasoned that listening to Mozart increases the number of connections between neurons.But Kenneth Steele of Appalachian State University in North Carolina learnt that other studies failed to find this effect. He decided to repeat one of Shaw’s experiments to see for himself.Steele divided 125 students into three groups and tested their abilities to work out how to paper would look if cut and folded. One group listened to Mozart, another listened to a piece by Philip Glass and the third did not listen to anything. Then the students took the test again.No group showed any statistically significant improvement in their abilities. Steele concludes that the Mozart effect doesn’t exist. “It’s about as unproven and as unsupported as you can get.”he says.Shaw, however, defends his study. One reason he gives is that people who perform poorly in the initial test get the greatest boost from Mozart, but Steele didn’t separate his students into groups based on ability. “We’re still at the stage where it needs to be examined.”Shaw says. “I suspect that the more we understand the neurobiology, the more we’ll be able to design tests that give a robust effect.”61. It has been recently found out that _________A.Mozart had an aptitude of music because of his mathematical thinkingB.classical music cannot be expected to improve one’s mathC.the effects of music on health are widely recognizedD.music favors one’s mathematical thinking62. Which of the following pairs, according to the widely publicized finding, is connected?A.Paper cutting and spatial thinkingB.The nature of a task and the type of thinkingC.Classical music and mathematical performanceD.Mathematical thinking and spatial-temporal reasoning63. In Shaw’s test, the students would most probably_______A.draw the image of the cut paperB.improve their mathematical thinkingC.have the idea about classical music confirmedD.increase the number of neurons in their brains64. From Steele‟s experiment we say that_______.A.his hypothesis did not get proven and supportedB.it was much more complicated than Shaw’sC.the result were statistically significantD.Shaw’s results were not repeatable65. Shaw is critical of _________A.Steele‟s results presented at a wrong stageB.Steele‟s wrong selection of the testeesC.Steele‟s ignorance of neurobiologyD.Steele‟s test designPassage TwoLong-suffering couples take heart. There is a good reason for those endless arguments in the front of the car: men and women use different parts of the brain when they try to find their way around, suggesting that the strategies they use might also be completely different.Matthias Riepe and his colleagues at the University of Ulm in Germany asked 24 healthy volunteers---half of them men, half women---to find their way out of three virtual-reality mazes displayed on video goggles. Meanwhile, the researchers monitored the volunteers’brain activityusing a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. This showed that men and women called on strikingly different brain areas to complete the task. “I didn’t expect it to be so dramatic,”says Riepe.Previous students have been shown that woman rely manly on landmarks to find their way. Men use these cues too, but they also use geometric cues, such as the angle and shape of a wall or a corner. Such studies also suggest that men navigate their way out of unfamiliar spaces more quickly, as Riepe found in his study, too.Riepe discovered that both men and women used parts of the parietal cortex towards the top of the brain, the right side of the hippocampus and a few other well-established areas to find their way out. Neuroscientists think that the parietal regions help translate what the eyes see into information about where the body is in space, while the hippocampal region helps progress how objects are arranged.But other regions seemed to be exclusively male or female. The men engaged the left side of their hippocampus, which the researchers say could help with assessing geometry or remembering whether they have already visited a location. The women, by contrast, recruited their right frontal cortex. Riepe says this may indicate that they were using their “working memory”, trying to keep in mind the landmarks they had passed.“It fits very well with the animal studies,”says Riepe. He points out that there seem to be similar differences in rats. For example, damage to the frontal lobe will impair a female’s sense of direction, but not a male‟s.66. The studies on the driving issue have evolved__________A.from the car to the driverB.from the reality to the virtual -realityC.from the physical cues to the parts of the brainD.from the cues of navigation to the strategies of driving67. The different parts of the brain men and women use to find their way around, according to the passage, refer to________A.the left side of the hippocampus and the right frontal cortexB.the right and left side of their hippocampuses respectivelyC.the right and left hemisphere of their brains respectivelyD.the parietal cortex and the hippocampus as a whole68. The part of the brain women use may help explain why they____________.e geometric cues to navigateB.have a better memory than menC.rely mainly on landmarks to find their waysD.behave less aggressively than men in driving69. The reason for the differences in the sexes, according to Riepe, could be ___________A.the environmental factorB.the psychological factorC.the innate factorD.all of the above70. Which one of the following questions did the studies answer?A.How do women and men drive differently?B.How can we detect the brain activities during driving?C.Why do men and women argue over which route to take?D.Why does the damage to the frontal lobe impair the sense of direction?Passage ThreeWork has left you frazzled. Your legs ache when you get back from the gym…don’t pop those aspirins just yet. Think hot springs. Cranking up a hot tub and hopping in is a natural remedy that can provide significant relief from physical pain and stress.There are more than three million home spas in the U.S. today. There are numerous reasons spas have made the move from the decks of Hollywood producers to the back yards of middle America. Spas help reduce the effect of stress on your body, assist in muscle recovery after the stress of exercise, and help heal muscles near arthritic joints.There ate three elements to hydrotherapy that, in tandem, provide these healing effects on thebody: heat, buoyancy, and motion. When you exercise, your muscles develop thousands of microscopic tears which result in painful lactic acid build-up in the muscle tissue. Hydrotherapy’s motion and warmth cause blood vessels to dilate, lowering blood pressure and speeding the flow of oxygen, endorphins, and cell-repairing nutrients to injured muscles. Additionally, buoyancy of the water reduces the strain on your knees and joints which allow the surrounding muscles to relax. This can be of crucial help to arthritis sufferers, because when joints are inflamed, the surrounding muscles become tense to protect them. Relaxing in a spa then makes your muscles more limber and reduces the pain. Water’s healing potential has long been known.We don’t tend to associate intelligence with our bodies, yet as Thomas Edison said, “Great ideas originate in the muscles.”Radical psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich believed that many of us inhibit or deny impulses, feelings, traumas, and stresses by tightening our muscles and creating a kind of “body armor.”He felt that as you cut off the source of pain, you also cut off the source of pleasure. By loosening body armor, by letting muscles relax, you can return to a feeling of flow and creativity.Few things can relax the body more than a home spa. And a relaxed body leads to a relaxed mind. There is no better place to start relaxing than an hour in your home hot springs.71. To begin with, what does the author insist we avoid doing?A.Undergoing physical pain and stress.B.Taking aspirin tablets.C.Going to the gym.D.Relaxing in a spa.72. What does the second sentence in the second paragraph implies?A.The origin of spas.B.The popularity of hot springs.C.The flux of people to mid America.D.The spas as a luxury only for the rich.73. After the stress of exercise, the injured muscles____A.will lead to arthritisB.contain plenty of microscopic tearsC.can cause blood pressure to declineD.will boost the production of cell-repairing nutrients74. The author contends that our creativity______A.can be enforced by the ‘body armor”B.does not occur in mind but in the musclesC.can be hampered with our muscles tightenedD.is good only when we are free of mental an d physical stress75. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.Spas, the Best RelaxationB.A Brief History of Spas.C.Spa Resorts in the USAD.Soak Away StressPassage FourConvincing the public to follow health advice can be tough and time-consuming. This may be why changes to health messages are often fiercely resisted by those whose job is to get the advice across. So, for example, the suggestion that smokers who cannot quit should reduce their exposure to harm by switching to chewing tobacco met with extreme opposition.A still more ferocious debate is emerging over the health impact of sunshine. For the past 20years, advice on sunlight has come from dermatologists who rightly warn people to cover up when they venture outside for fear of developing skin cancer. But evidence from researchers in other fields now suggests that short periods in the sun without protection—sometimes as little as a few minutes a day---can prevent most other major forms of cancer.This surprising conclusion stems from findings that vitamin D. which is made by skin cells exposed to the sun’s ultraviolet rays, is a potent anti-cancer agent. The researchers who made thisdiscovery are eager to be heard. But their message is about as welcome as a bad rash, particularly in countries such as Australia and the US where fair-skinned immigrants living at Mediterranean latitudes have made skin cancer a huge problem.The American Academy of Dermatology argues that advocating one carcinogen---UV radiation----to protect against other forms of cancer is dangerous and misleading. If people need more vitamin D, they should take a multivitamin or drink milk fortified with it, says the academy. Unfortunately, the solution is not as simple as that. Critics also argue that the protective effect of sunlight is not yet proved. While this may be true, the evidence is very suggestive. The case is built on several studies that bring together cellular biology, biochemistry and epidemiology.And all the criticism of this theory counts for nothing if, as some of its advocates, suggest, the number of people dying for lack of sunlight is four times as high as those dying from skin cancer. At the same time, those advocates must not overstate their case. Everyone wants to save as many lives as they can.What we need now is for national medical research bodies and cancer research organizations to investigate the relative risks and benefits of sunshine. This will almost certainly mean more epidemiological work, which should start as soon as possible. As for the public: give them the facts, including risk estimates for short periods in the sun---and for covering up. It is patronizing( 施恩于人的) to assume that people cannot deal with complex messages.What we definitely do not want is a war of words between groups with polarized views, and no prospect of the issue being resolved. That way will only lead to confusion, distrust of doctors and more unnecessary deaths.76. According to the first two paragraphs, the problem seems to be that the public______A.cannot be reached by health messagesB.is torn between two health messagesC.never trust those health researchersD.are divided over health problems77. The recent opposition goes to __________A.the protective value of sunshineB.the cancer-causing effect of sunshineC.the debate over the health impact of sunshineD.the two controversial messages about skin cancer78. According to the critics, the health impact of sunshine_________A.will be epidemiologically provedB.is misleading the public altogetherC.merits a comprehensive investigationD.can be easily addressed with a simple solution79. The author implies that health messages should be made easy_______A.to debateB.to swallowC.to estimateD.to publicize80. As for the issue, the author suggests that the public_________A.decide on their own how much sunshine is too muchB.avoid unnecessary deaths due to complex messagesC.be provided with reliable and practicable messagesD.facilitate the understanding of health messagesPassage FiveI make my way down the three chilly blocks to an old diner on Commercial Street. I am meeting a new friend for lunch. I‟ve never been here before: this is not my part of town. And so I arrive early, to sit in an old wooden booth and learn what I can about the place.They call it Katie‟s kitchen. One hundred years ago, it was a bar. The barstools remain, but through community donations, it‟s now a respectable restaurant. The hostess, casher, and waiters are residents of a nearby hotel for the transient and unemployed and work here to gain dignity andjob skills. Both the hotel and restaurant are run by Sister L, a nun with a heart and a great deal of business sense.My new friend arrives. He works down the street, in a clinic for indigent(穷的)persons; he knows these people. The workers and many of the clients seem to know him too, for I see warmth and proud smiles on their faces as he greets them. Behind him, a few nameless souls wander in from the street in a swirl of December wind.I focus on our waitress. A pretty girl of perhaps 18 years, she is all smiles and grace. I wonder for a moment why she‟s here ---what her story is;what her dreams are; whether she is raising children on her own. But I cannot hold the thought, for she reminds me of another waitress at my favorite coffee shop---a college student with a bright future.Some time later, I finish my soup and sandwich---a good meal made better because of the smile of the girl who served it. I wipe my mouth and go to pay. Eight dollars and sixty-four cents, for two. To our embarrassment, my friend and I discover that neither of us has cash, and my credit card is not good here.We sheepishly approach Sister L, who smiles and takes my bill. “It’s okay.”she says. “We‟ ll buy your lunch. It‟ll be our pleasure.”Slowly, I leave the world of the diner. Back at the hospital where I work, my boss laments our financial woes. “We‟re really tight,”he says.”The executive committee tells me we may not eventhough money to build the new critical care wing this year.”He frowns, hesitates, then adds, “It‟s flu season, though, and perhaps by seeing patients in person rather than treating so many over the phone, we‟ll recoup some of our losses.”It‟s budget time, and I know that this means our gratis (免费的) fitness center memberships may be cancelled. We‟re in a tough bind.Three streets away, a tattered man in a throwaway overcoat sits shivering in the diner. Sister L slowly fills his cup full of hot coffee. Holding the cup with trembling hands, he stares deeply into its dark center. There is healing in its rising steam.81. The doctor in the story enters a restaurant which___________.A.has a one-hundred-year old barB.has won a reputation for its managementC.performs charities among the immigrants。

2007年医学考博真题

Simulated FATMD TestPAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension(30%) Section ADirections1. A. To do some experiments. B. To attend a class.C. To review his lessons.D. To take a test.2. A. In a hotel. B. In the hospital.C. In the prison.D. At the airport.3. A. He got an ulcer in his stomach.B. He got hurt in the soccer game.C. He will be discharged soon.D. He got his tumor removed.4. A. She told a lie so as not to hurt Jimmy.B. She left because she had a headache.C. She hurt Jimmy by telling him a lie.D. She slept off her headache.5. A. His new car is not fast enough.B. His new car moves very fast.C. His new car is a real bargain.D. His new car is somewhat of a financial burden.6. A. Get more time to relax.B. Take some tranquilizers.C. Seek a second opinion.D. Avoid her responsibilities.7. A. He got a headache while establishing the institute.B. He ha a hard time getting the institute stated.C. Everything was OK at the beginning.D. It is impossible to open such an institute in Seoul.8. A. Excited. B. Frustrated. C. Annoyed. D. Relieved.9. A. Each class lasts an hour.B. The class is meeting in an hour and a half.C. The class meets fours and a half per week.D. The class meets for half an hour three times a week.10. A. The woman was a good skier.B. The woman chouldn’t ski.C. The woman didn’t intend to go skiing.D. Twoman didn’t like Swiss.11. A. She’s an insurance agent.B. She’s an insurance client.C. She’s a bank clerk.D. She’s a driver.12. A. He tripped over some crutcher.B. He had rheumatism in his legs.C. He sprained his foot.D. He broke his leg.13. A.The vacation is almost gone.B. The vacation has just started.C. They are prepared for the new semester.D. They can’t wait for the new semester.14. A. She was knocked down by a feather.B. She is shamed of Larry.C. She was really surprised.D. She was proud of Larry.15. A. To visit his son. B. To perform an operation.C. To have an operation.D. To send his son for an operation. Section BPassage One16. A. A pharmacist. B. A visitorC. A physicianD. A dieter.17. A. Cough. B. Diarrhea.C. Headache.D. Stomach upset.18. A. Pain-killers. B. Cough syrup.C. Anti-diarrheas.D. Indigestion tablets.19. A. The cold weather.B. Tirdness caused by traveling.C. The strange food the had eaten.D. The greasy food he had eaten.20. A. Take the medicine from the woman.B. Go to see a specialist.C. Stop eating and drinking for a few days.D. Stay in bed for a couple of days.Passage Two21. A. Headaches B. Insomnia.C. Respiratory problems.D. Digestive problems.22. A. On Monday in Edinburgh.B. On Wednesday in Edinburgh.C. On Monday at Staffordshire University.D. On Wednesday at Staffordshire University.23. A. 94. B. 41 C. 130 D. 13524. A. The subjects were asked to write of their free will.B. The subjects were asked to write in a systematic way.C. The subjects were asked to say how often they made entries.D. The subjects were asked if they had written down anythingtraumatic.25. A. The diarists who write of their free will.B. The diarists who were students at Staffordshire University.C. The diarists who had written about trauma.D. The non-diarists who were susceptible to headaches. Passage Three26. A. A brief history of British pubs.B. Beer-the-British national drink.C. Various attempts made to curb drinking in a Britain.D. The frustrating opening and closing hours of British pubs.27. A. As early as 659AD.B. After 659AD.C. Before the Roman invasion .D. After the Roman invasion.28. A. To restrict drinking hours.B. To restrict travelers to certain drinks.C. To encourage the locals to drink in other towns.D. To encourage inns to lodge various kinds of people.29. A. People were better off.B. The government failed to persuade people from drinking.C. There apperared a new cheap drink.D. Drinkers had found various ways to get around the laws.30. A. The licensing hours have been extended.B. Old people are not allowed to drink in pubs.C. Children are not allowed yet to drink in pubs.D. Big changes have taken place in pubs.Part II Vocabulary(10%)Section A31. The doctor gave him an injection in order to ________the pain.A. alleviateB. aggregateC. abolishD. allocate32. His broken arm healed well, but sh died of the pneumonia whichfollowed as a _______.A. complementB. complimentC. fell uponD. complication33.Unfortunately,our vacation plans _________on account oftransport strike.A. fell backB. fell throughC. fell uponD. fell to34. The _______ climate of Hawaii attracts visitors from all over theworld every year.A. genialB. frigidC. genuineD. foul35. This is the _______ in which the organism lives most effecitively.A. optimumB. optionC. ordealD. orbit36. The doctor suggests that a good holiday in the country should_______ him _____ nicely after his operation.A. set….outB. set….upC. set….offD. set…aside37. His behavior was so ______ that ever the merciful people couldnot forgive him.A. uniqueB. unconventionalC. brutalD. brilliant38. ________ to your present job until you can get a better one.A. Hang aboutB. Hang backC. Hang behindD. Hang on39. Suffering from his leg illness, Tom is very _______ nowadays.A. emaciatedB. eligibleC. elasticD. exceptional40. He saved some money for artistic ______ such as fine paintings.A. donationsB. profitsC. luxuriesD. lures.Section BDirections:(略)41. It has been proved that the chemical is lethal to rats but safe forcattle.A. fatalB. reactiveC. uniqueD. vital42. To their surprise, she has been nominated as candidate for thePresidency.A. recognizedB. definedC. appointedD. promoted43. We cannot look down our opponent, who is an experiencedswimmer.A. playerB. competitorC. refereeD. partner44. She is regarded as a good nurse in that she attends to patientswithout any complaint.A. sees throughB. looks overC. takes inD. cares for45. It is well known that the minimum penalty for this crime is2years’ imprisonment.A. convictionB. spanC. mercyD. punishment46. The whole area of the national and local governments tried towipe out rats to prevent the spread of disease.A. exterminateB. dominateC. determinateD. contaminate47. All the students are afraid of him since he is always severe withthem.A. vigorousB. rigorousC. vigilantD. rigid48. The biggest engineering project that they undertook wasencumbered by lack of funds.A. cancelledB. condensedC. hamperedD. haunted49. In order to be a successful diplomat you must be enthusiastic andmagnetic.A. arrogantB. industriousC. zealousD. attractive50. He is successful as a doctor because of his dynamic personality, heseems to have unlimited energy.A. meticulousB. vigorousC. aggressiveD. arbitrary Directions:略Many Canadians enjoy the luxury of a large amount of living space. Canada is vast, and the nomes are large according to the standards of many countries. Even 51 inner cities fo not reach the extremes found in other parts of world.Canadians appreciate the space and value their privacy. Since families are generally small, many Canadian children enjoy the luxury of their own bedroom. Having more than one bathroom ina house is also considered a modern 52 .Many rooms in Canadian homes have specialized functions.“Family room” are popular features in modern houses; these are 53 , “living room”since many living room have becomereserved for entertaining. Some homes have formal and informal dining areas, 54 .Recreational homes are also popular 55 Canadians.Some Canadians own summer homes,cottages,or camps. These may 56 from a small one-room cabin to a luxurious building that rivals the comforts of the regular residence. Some cottages are winterized for year-round use. Cottages offer people the chance to “get away from it all.”They are so popular that summer weekend traffic jams are common, especially in largecities such as Toronto, where the number of people leaving town of Friday night and returning Sunday night 57 the highways for hours.Sometimes, living in ,Canada means not only having privacy, but also being isolated. Mobility has become a part of modern life; people often do not live in one place long enough to 58 to know their neighbors. Tenants live their own lives in their apartments or townhouses. Even in private residential areas, where there is some 59 , neighborhood life is not as close-knit as it once was. There seems to be 60 of a communal spirit. Life today is so hectic that there is often little time.。

2007年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2007年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解PART ⅠVocabularySection A (10 points)Directions:Choose the word that is the closest in meaning with the underlined word.1. The public might well sanction a wider range of programming than would strictly be implied by the “gap-filling” approach, but this is not certain.A. viewB. approveC. coerceD. insist【答案】B【解析】句意：群众可能也会同意大范围的规划以及“缩小差距”的步骤，但这是不一定的。

sanction批准，同意。

approve赞成，同意。

coerce强制，强迫。

insist坚持。

2. Petrazzini’s main concern is not so much cultural homogenization associated with the spread of the Internet, but an exacerbation of the gap between young and old and between spread of the Internet.A. uniformityB. discrepancyC. convention【答案】A【解析】句意：Petrazzini的主要观点不是与互相作用的传播相联系的文化同化，而是青年人和老年人之间以及因特网的传播的代沟扩大的恶化。

homogenization匀化，同质化。

uniformity同样，一致。

discrepancy差异，矛盾。

convention大会，协定。

distinction 区别，差异。

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西北大学博士英语入学试题（2007）
1、C
Custodian:监护人
Alienation：疏远，离间；让与，让渡；
Tutelage：指导，保护，托管
2、C
Currence：发生
Concurrence：赞同，协力，意见一致
3、B
Animadversion责难非难批评责备，侧重责备
4、D
Transform vt. 1. 使改变;使改观;将...改成2. 改造;改革;改善3. 使变换4. 【电】使(电... vi. 1. 改变;改观2. 变换;转换
transfer vt. 1. 搬;转换;调动2. 使换车;使转校3. 改变,转变4. 转印,描摹5. 转让,让...
vi. 1. 搬迁,转移;调任2. 换车,转车3. 转校,转学科
transpire vi. 1. 被人知道,透露2. 【口】发生3. 蒸发;散发;排出
vt. 1. 使蒸发;使散发;使排出
We do not know what will transpire when we have a new boss.
When lack of water, commonly plants would transpire as a way for cool.
transcend vi. & vt. 1. 超越2. 优于
transcend 1.超出，超越；胜过，优于2.超出，超越(理性等)的范围3.超越……的界限Transcend 1.创建、宇瞻2.超越, 胜过
I can completely transcend myself!
5、A
Peculiarity古怪；特性
There is a peculiarity with this benchmark that I have no explanation of
Suddenly he turned to considering the peculiarity of her disposition, expressing her feelings so frankly
6、A
Wanton：不负责任的，反复无常的，胡乱的
7、A
8、B
9、B
10、C
Canon 标准规则，教规教义
Candor 坦率，正直
Canyon峡谷
11、A
Arrogance 无知
Artifact 人工假造
12、D
Congregation 集会集合
Congruence 适合一致叠合全等
13、D
Platitude 老生常谈，陈词滥调
Plaudit 鼓掌，喝彩
Plenary 全体出席的，无限的，安全的，绝对的14、B
Importune 胡搅蛮缠，强求，不断请求Improvise 即兴创作，即兴表演，临时做事
15、C
Subdue：制服，征服，镇压，使顺从Obstinate 固执的，坚持的
Courteous ：彬彬有礼的，殷勤的，谦恭的
16、B
Astronautic 航天的，宇宙飞行的
Celestial 天空的，天国的，神圣的Astronomical 天文的，天文学的，数量庞大的。

Astrological 占星学的
17、D
Anthropologist 人类学家
Philanthropist 慈善家
Archaeologist 考古学家
Humanist 人道主义者，人类学者
18、A
Alleviate 减轻，缓和
19、B
Neutral 中立的，不确定的，模糊的
Impotent 无力气的，无力量的，不起作用的Impudent 厚颜无耻的，放肆的，无礼的
Pious 虔诚的，笃信的，敬神的
20、A
Erratic 古怪的，怪癖的
Eccentric 古怪的，反常的
Erroneous 错误的，不正常的
Inure 使习惯于，使适应
21、B
sublimity 崇高，伟大的，绝顶
serenity 晴朗，风和日丽；平静，沉着
splendor 光辉，光彩，壮丽，壮观
elegant 优雅的，讲究的，漂亮的，精致的
22、A
Patronage 资助人，赞助人
23、C
equity 公平、公正
disparity 不公正
discretion 谨慎，考虑周到
24、C
Nonverbal 不使用语言的，非言语交际的
Elusive 难以捉摸的，难以理解的，难以记起的
Tangible 有形的，确凿的
25、B
Convict 证明有罪，判决
26、D
Statute 法律，法规，章程
27、B
Consortium 合伙，联合，国际财团
Conformation 构造，形态；一致，符合
Conform遵守，遵照，适应；符合，相一致
28、A
revel 狂欢着迷，沉醉
revile辱骂，谩骂
29、B
30、D
flamboyant 浮夸的，爱炫耀的
devious 迂回的，曲折的；不正大光明的，不坦率的，欺诈的31、C
Ascribe to 把归因于
32、A
Prank 恶作剧
Trick 胡闹，恶作剧
Nude 裸的，无装饰的
Crib ：小儿床，粮仓，抄袭，夹带
Quip 妙词，讽刺语，怪事儿
33、C
Philanthropic ：博爱的，慈善的
Profligate ：浪费的，放荡的
34、D
Caress：爱抚，亲吻，抚摸
Groom：新郎，马夫
Mane：鬃毛
Fondle：爱抚，抚弄
35、C
Hostility：敌对，仇视
Hospitality：热情，好客，殷勤招待
Sincerity：诚实，诚恳
36、B
Weirdly：古怪的
37、C
Aloof from 疏远的远离的
Upwind 迎风的，逆风的
38、D
Brusque唐突的，直率的
Irritable 暴躁的，易发脾气的
39、C
40、A
41、C
42、B
Gregarious ：群居的，丛生的，合群的
43、D
44、C
Nostalgia乡愁怀旧之情
45、C
Proliferate 增生，扩散
Roam 漫步，流浪
46、B
contemplate 思考，凝视
intuition：直观，直觉
reflection ：反射，回想；影像，倒影；深思，反省；想法，意见perception：感觉，感知，认知
47、B
Elicit：导致，引起
Expedite 迅速执行，发送
Defy：公然反抗，蔑视
48、A
Desolate：荒无人烟的，孤寂的，凄凉的
Parch：烘烤
Stark：僵硬的，僵直的；严格的，刻板的；突出的
49、A
Imprudent ：轻率的，鲁莽的
50、A
Predisposition：倾向，素质
Prescription：命令，指示，指定，法规；处方
Precaution：预防，警惕。