A Survey of Canadian Culture,加拿大文化研究
加拿大文化 中英文
Culture of Canada
加拿大的文化
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Canadian culture is a term explains the artistic, musical literary, culinary, political and social elements that are representative of Canada and Canadians, not only to its ow population, but people all ov world.
作为一个气候凉爽的国家，加拿大的 冬季奥运会比夏季奥运会更成功。
Thank you for watching! 谢谢观赏！
加拿大的艺术
自20世纪以来，特别是在1945年第二次世 界大战结束以来，加拿大的艺术蓬勃发展。 最早期的加拿大画家作品遵循欧洲的趋势。 所有的艺术家的画都大、描绘色彩鲜艳的 场景或者加拿大的荒野。因纽特的艺术丰 富了加拿大的雕刻和海象牙皂石雕刻。
Literature
Canadian literature is often divided into French and English-language literature, which are rooted in the literary traditions of France and Britain, respectively. Canada’s literature, whether written in English or French, often reflects the Canadian perspective on nature, frontier life, and Canada’s position in the world
四川大学英语语言文学专业和外国语言学及应用语言学专业硕士研究生入学考试科目及推荐参考书
四川大学英语语言文学专业和外国语言学及应用语言学专业硕士研究生入学考试科目及推荐参考书一、适用专业及方向：英语语言文学：现代英美文学、美国文化研究、加拿大文化研究、欧洲文化研究外国语言学及应用语言学：现代英语及语言理论、现代外语教育及教育技术、英语翻译理论与实践三、各科试题结构说明：1. 政治（国家统一考试，略）2. 二外（略）3. 基础英语 (150分)：l Cloze Test或改错（10分）l 阅读理解（30分）l 英译汉（30分）l 汉译英（30分）l 阅读与写作（50分）4. 英语专业综合知识 (150分)l 英语国家社会和文化知识（50分）l 英语文学知识（50分）l 英语语言知识（50分）四、推荐参考书目（版本不限）：基础英语、英语专业综合知识1. Beidler, Peter G. Writing Matters，四川大学出版社。
2. 郭著章，李庆生：《英汉互译实用教程》（第三版），武汉大学出版社。
3. 胡壮麟：《语言学教程》，北京大学出版社，2001年。
4. 李宜燮，常耀信：《美国文学选读》（上、下册），南开大学出版社。
5. 罗经国：《新编英国文学选读》（上、下册），北京大学出版社。
6. 王佐良等:《欧洲文化入门》(第二版)（第1－4章），外语教学与研究出版社。
7. 朱永涛: 《英美文化基础教程》，外语教学与研究出版社。
第二外语1．法语：《新大学法语》(1-3册)，总主编李志清，高等教育出版社。
2．日语：《标准日本语》(初级)，人民教育出版社。
3．德语：《德语速成》(第二版,上、下册)，外语教学与研究出版社。
4．俄语：《大学俄语（东方）》(第1-3册)，北京外国语大学、普希金俄语学院合编。
5．西班牙语：《现代西班牙语》（1-2册），董燕生．刘建．外研社。
6．韩语：延世大学韩国语学堂[韩] 编著：韩国语教程 1-3册（全6册），世界图书出版公司。
四川大学外国语学院英语语言文学专业和外国语言学及应用语言学专业硕士研究生入学考试复试科目及推荐参考书一、适用专业及方向：英语语言文学：现代英美文学、美国文化研究、加拿大文化研究、欧洲文化研究外国语言学及应用语言学：现代英语及语言理论、现代外语教育及教育技术、英语翻译理论与实践二、考试科目及分值：1. 听力（20分）测试要求：(a) 能听懂真实交际场合中各种英语会话和讲话；(b) 英语国家广播电台以及电视台（如CNN）有关政治、经济、文化、教育和科技等方面的专题报道以及与此类题材相关的演讲和演讲后的问答；(c) 能听懂有关政治、经济、历史、文化教育、语言文学和科普方面的一般讲座及讲座后的问答。
高一英语阅读表达试题答案及解析
高一英语阅读表达试题答案及解析1.〔1〕There are many useful suggestions and pieces of advice that can help one to improve English. Here are some useful suggestions and new tips to increase one’s English language vocabulary.〔2〕Learning English vocabulary is about much more than just learning the right words. A broad grasp of vocabulary in the English language is based on understanding important expressions and “word combinations”, which means groups of words that often or alw ays go together.〔3〕Learning a word will not help very much if you quickly forget it. Research shows that it takes from 10 to 20 repetitions to really make a word part of your vocabulary. Since most words are learned from how they are used in context （上下文）, the more words one is exposed to （接触）, The easier one will find English to learn . Keep a writing pad close to you. When you read, pay close attention to the word you do not know, write the word down and try to figure out its meaning from the context. Then _______________________ in a dictionary.〔4〕Remember that if you do not use English words that you have just learned in conversation or writing, you will forget them very quickly. So the best way to learn new words effectively is just by trying to use them in conversation and writing. Remember also that practice is the key to fluent spoken English.〔5〕Building vocabulary is a life-long task. Remember, “In the beginning was the word.” Your future could depend on how rich your vocabulary is. It will also determine the quality of your communication.【1】What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 10 words)____________________________________________ ____________________【答案】How to enrich your English vocabulary/How to increase one’s Engli sh language vocabulary【解析】How to enrich your English vocabulary/How to increase one’s English language vocabulary 根据第一段提到There are many useful suggestions and pieces of advice that can help one to improve English. Here are some useful suggestions and new tips to increase one’s English language vocabulary这有很多建议来提高你的英语词汇。
加拿大社会与文化PPT
Government type
confederation with parliamentary democracy
Area total: 9,984,670 sq km land: 9,093,507 sq km water: 891,163 sq km
Land boundaries total: 8,893 km border countries: US 8,893 km (includes 2,477 km with Alaska)
People Of Canada
Population 32,507,874 (July 2004 est.) Age structure 0-14 years: 18.2% (male 3,038,800; female 2,890,579) 15-64 years: 68.7% (male 11,225,686; female 11,111,941) 65 years and over: 13% (male 1,807,472; female 2,433,396) (2004 est.) Median age :
Land use arable land: 4.96% permanent crops: 0.02% other: 95.02% (2001)
Natural hazards
continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow east of the mountains
加拿大文化简介(英文)
End
Thank Байду номын сангаасou for your listening
加拿大政府鼓励多元文化的并存和发展在加拿大有很多专为华人服务的团体和机构不少机构还得到政府的资助例如专为新移民进行英语培训的esl机构互助会等
Mr.Li
Social
['səʊʃ(ə)l]
Canadians used to have a larger personal space. In the use of bank automatic [ɔːtə'mætɪk] teller machines, hope to the people behind him to keep a distance ['dɪst(ə)ns] of only a few feet (that is, the role of the domestic [də'mestɪk] common yellow line).When touch is considered to be very impolite behavior.
['strʌktʃə].
加拿大是世界上著名的多元文化国家之一。新来的移民可以保持他们原有的文化 和语言。这是加拿大和大多数国家不同，因为别的国家大多要求新移民融入移民 国的社会文化结构之内。
The multicultural
The Canadian government to encourage multicultural coexistence [ˌkəʊɪɡˈzɪst əns] and development, in Canada there are many designed for Chinese service groups and agencies [ˈeɪdʒənsɪ], many organizations [ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən] still get a grant from the government, for example, designed for new immigrants to ESL English training institutions [ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃən], societies, etc.
文化研究的开放性与全球性
文化研究的开放性与全球性内容提要:全球化时代呼唤着一种与之相适应的文化理论。
方兴未艾的文化研究具有这种广阔的理论视野。
目前,文化研究在全球范围内,特别是在英语世界已形成一股研究热潮。
本文着重介绍文化研究的源流及其学科特点,即开放性与全球性。
关键词:文化研究开放性全球性20世纪西方文学与文化理论新潮迭起,流派纷呈。
肇端于英美理论界的文化研究(CulturalStudies)即是20世纪后期多元共生时代的产物。
文化研究与西方文学与文化诸理论的产生和发展有着“共时”联系,作为一种理论话语,文化研究近年来已引起全球性的普遍关注。
文化研究虽产生英美理论界,然而,影响已超出了英语世界。
一般认为,文化研究是跨学科或多学科的文化理论,它一开始就不是一个传统意义上的独立学科,它既在现有学科之中,但并非受制于某一学科或理论,学科界限也不确定。
它本身没有一个界定明确的方法论,也不局限于具体的或界限清晰的研究领域.文化研究借鉴了诸多人文与社会科学理论和方法,如语言学、哲学、人类学、心理学、政治学和文艺批评等。
文化研究的对象也十分宽广,如:以东西方不断变化的历史和文化关系为背景的“东方学”及西方殖民主义批判;以爱德华·萨义德(EdwardSaid)、霍米·巴巴(HomiBhaa)和盖娅特里·斯匹瓦克(GayatriSpivak)等人为代表的后殖民主义理论;以女性主义批评为主的性别研究,主要涉及女性批评话语的构建、性别诗学研究以及怪异理论;文化工业、消费文化以及影视传媒生产和消费的研究;文化全球化理论及其反拨等等。
文化研究的特点是,注重讨论各种文化实践与权力之间的关系,即文化现象和文化实践中的权力运作对文化实践的影响与干涉作用。
文化研究并非只是纯粹的、具体文化类别的理论探讨,它与社会关系、政治制度有密切的联系,其使命就是分析在具体的社会关系和环境中文化是如何表现自身和受制于社会与政治制度的。
文化研究致力于对当代社会文化的“道德评价”或批判,直至诉诸激进政治行动的努力。
关于加拿大的文化英语作文
加拿大的多元文化魅力Canada, a vast land of diverse cultures, is a land where people from different backgrounds come together to create a unique and vibrant society. From its rich history and traditions to its vibrant art and music, Canada's culture is a testament to the harmony and inclusivity that characterize its identity.Canada's cultural diversity is reflected in its diverse population, which comprises people from various ethnic and cultural backgrounds. This diversity is further enhanced by the country's policy of multiculturalism, which aims to promote and protect the cultural practices and traditions of its diverse communities.One of the most prominent aspects of Canadian culture is its respect for diversity and inclusivity. This is evident in the country's laws and policies, which aim to ensure equal rights and opportunities for all its citizens, regardless of their ethnic, cultural, or religious backgrounds. This attitude is further reflected in thedaily lives of Canadians, who pride themselves on their open and welcoming society.Another important aspect of Canadian culture is its strong sense of community. Canadians value the importance of belonging to a community and working together to achieve common goals. This is reflected in the strong sense of community spirit that exists in Canadian cities and towns, where people come together to celebrate cultural events, support local businesses, and volunteer for community projects.Canada's rich history and traditions are another important aspect of its culture. The country's diverse population has brought with it a wealth of historical and cultural practices, which have been preserved and passed down through generations. From the vibrant festivals and celebrations of various ethnic communities to the rich folklore and mythology of Canada's indigenous people, the country's history and traditions are a testament to its diverse cultural heritage.In addition to its rich historical and traditional practices, Canada is also known for its vibrant art and music scene. Canadian artists and musicians have made significant contributions to the global arts community,producing innovative and thought-provoking works thatreflect the diverse cultural backgrounds of the country.The country's vibrant art and music scene is further enhanced by the presence of numerous cultural institutions and events, which provide platforms for artists and musicians to showcase their talents and share their stories. In conclusion, Canada's culture is a vibrant anddiverse tapestry of traditions, practices, and stories that reflect the rich heritage and identity of its diverse population. From its respect for diversity and inclusivityto its strong sense of community and rich historical and cultural practices, Canada's culture is a celebration ofthe harmony and diversity that characterize its society. As we explore the various aspects of Canadian culture, we are reminded of the importance of embracing diversity,fostering inclusivity, and celebrating the unique contributions of each individual and community.**加拿大的多元文化魅力**加拿大，这片广袤的土地孕育了丰富多彩的文化，吸引了来自不同背景的人们汇聚一堂，共同构建了一个独特而充满活力的社会。
CULTURE OF CANADA
CULTURE OF CANADAC anada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean.Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the world's longest land border.The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia (qian1nian2) by various Aboriginal (tu3zhu4) peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French colonial expeditions (zheng1zhan4) explored, and later settled, the region's Atlantic coast. France ceded (ge1rang4) nearly all of its colonies in North America to Britain in 1763 after the Seven Years' WarCanadian SymbolsCanada is often symbolically connected with three key images—hockey, the beaver, and the dress uniform of the Royal Canadian Mounted PoliceHockey,often described as Canada's national sport, is a vigorous, often violently competitive team sport and, as such, it carries the same kind of symbolic weight that football does for many Americans.Hockey is used, in its symbolic form, to signify national unity and a national sense of purpose and community.That most Canadians do not follow hockey in any serious way does not diminish its role as a key cultural symbol.The beaver represents industriousness, willingness to work hard, and a symbol of triumph over the seasons, which in Canada can be severe. The very northern parts of Canada border the Arctic Circle (Bei3ji2quan1)The RCMP represents Canada’s sense of diligence(qin2mian3)and humility (qian1xun4). The vastness and wildness of Canada was not tamed by brute force, as we think of America, but rather with a spirit of cooperation with other Canadian institutions and by the rule of law.RegionsAlthough the two coastal areas do contribute agriculturally to Canada’s economy, they are known most for their port cities that move goods in and out of Canada.The central portion of the country, in its southern areas, is primarily conifer (zhen1ye4shu4) forest. This forest region extends across the entire country from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains through to the Atlantic coast.These forests are m anaged in such a way as to provide for Canada’s n eeds, the lumber and lumber product needs of other countries, and to provide these resources in a sustainable and ecologically sound manner. .A section of the country westward from the Great Lakes basin along the southern extent of this forest region is a prairie (cao3yuan2). This is the area of Canada where much of the wheat that is exported grows.The Great Lakes (Wu3da4hu2) are a group of five lakes, the largest group of fresh water lakes in the world, actually.They contain approximately 21% of the world’s surface fresh water.The lakes are bound by the Canadian province of Ontario and the U.S. states of Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, Indian, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York.Four of the five lakes form part of the Canada-United States border; the fifth, Lake Michigan, is contained entirely within the United States. The Saint Lawrence River, which marks the same international border for a portion of its course, is the primary outlet of these interconnected lakes, and flows through Quebec and past the Gaspé Peninsula to the northern Atlantic Ocean.The westernmost portion of the country is dominated by the Rocky Mountains, with a narrow river-land environment, made up of northern rain forests.The Rocky Mountains stretch over 4800 km from northern British Columbia to New Mexico in America’s southwest.West of the mountains lies a region with numerous lakes and expanses of exposed rock. This area of Canada is rugged and beautiful, much like a frontier.Across the northernmost portion of the country from east to west lies a region dominated by tundra (dong4tu3ceng2) and finally at its most northern reach, an arctic (Bei3ji2quan1) eco-zone.Canadian EconomyCanada is a large country that is rich in resources, but there are geographic limitations on where people can live. An advantage in this situation is that these natural resources can be more easily used.Most of the population is located around the Great Lakes, and in the Saint Lawrence River Valley.This wealth of resources allows Canada all that it needs internally and provides great revenue in exports. Natural resources, such as forestry products (lumber andlumber products), minerals and mineral ore, and oil and gas have been the foundation of the Canadian economy for years.Farming also plays a large part in the Canadian economy, although most of Canada's agricultural production is exported, primarily to the United States.Very few Canadians produce at the subsistence level (sheng1cun2nong2ye4); so virtually all agricultural production in Canada is production for sale. However, because of Canada’s short growing season, a significant amount of Canada’s food is imported. (Bret)Manufacturing in Canada is dominated by automobile production, and by the manufacture of other large equipment and farm equipment.A cooperative agreement between American auto-makers and the Canadian government has helped to make this possible.Canada also produces a wide range of consumer products, including furniture, electronics (especially communications equipment) and building materials.The single largest area of economic growth in Canada since the 1970s has been in the "service" sector. The financial, research, and tourist sectors have shown substantial increases during this period.As I mentioned before, hunting and fishing have also contributed significantly to Canada’s economic growth. Many people from the U.S. and other countries as well, flock to Canada to hunt the game that that is so plentiful there.These resource and service sectors dominate the economy of Canada.Canadian CitiesMost Canadians live in towns and cities. Canadian cities are found at important hubs (centers) of interchange between agriculture and manufacturing. Canadian cities developed as points of connection between farm production and industrial development. Because of this, Canadian cities have tended to develop haphazardly (mao1shou3mao2jiao3) processes of industrialization and changes in farming have developed.Canadian cities look like cities almost anywhere in the industrialized world, except they tend to be cleaner due to in that that orderliness has been a dominant feature of the history of Canadian culture.Canadian cities have tended to be more carefully planned and better run, at least in terms of convenience and services, than those in many other industrialized nations.Unlike European cities, however, space in Canadian cities tends to beprivately-owned.While most cities have some space, such as a formal plaza at a city hall, at which public events are held, in general there are no large communal (gong1you3) spaces in Canadian cities. Canadians in cities of whatever size socialize in private spaces: their homes or commercial sites, such as restaurants.Like cities throughout North America, space in Canadian cities is dominated by movement. Canadian cities are designed as networks through which goods, vehicles, and people move relatively easily. Streets are designed to control the flow of vehicle (che1liang4) traffic, isolate foot traffic, and to direct traffic toward destinations.This has led to the gradual disappearance of urban street shopping.Street shopping, like in most American cities as well, has been replaced by indoor shopping malls.Many smaller towns, however, have attempted to revitalize (zhen4xing1) their downtown, areas,since a decline in a town or village’s downtown area is often seen as a sign of the decline and decay of the town as a whole.Home life in Canadian cities is dominated by private homes or residences. Apartment buildings are dominant (zhan4you1shi4) in urban areas while outward expansion of cities has been dominated by the development of large tracts (mian4ji) of private single-family dwellings (sub-divisions—large group of similar houses in one area).Rural Life (xiang1xia1) in CanadaAccording to the last census (ren2kou3pu3cha2) (2006), six million Canadians live in small towns or rural areas, which is almost 20% of the population of Canada. Farms in Canada are often run by agribusiness (conglomerates-jiituan2) and can be very large so machines are necessary for much of the work done on these farms; especially at planting and harvesting times. These machines are often used 24/7 during these busy times.Some farmers spray their fields with pesticides (nong2yao4) and may use low-flying aircraft (fei1ji1) to accomplish this spraying.Some rural roads will not be maintained (wei2xiu1)between certain months of the year (i.e. November to April) so many residents own (four wheel drive trucks --si4lun2qu1dong4) or even snowmobiles (xue3di4che1) in order to be able to get to where they need to go. People that stay in the countryside for work either snowshoe or cross-country ski to get around.Almost without exception rural properties in Canada will have a well (shui3jing3) as a source of water. Heating the home may be an issue. While many homes have central heating, homes that do not are often warmed by wood or coal stovesMany people living in the countryside of Canada commute (jiao1huan4--drive) to a job in the town or city. These areas we might call suburban but not in the same way as suburbs in America.Canadian SportsConsidering its history it is not surprising that many popular sports have been brought from England and Europe—soccer, rugby, cricket, and others. Then, considering its proximity (closeness) to the U.S, sports like baseball, basketball, and football are also very popular.In fact, Canada has a professional baseball team, the Toronto Blue Jays, which competes in professional baseball with American teams as a member of the American League Division.In addition to being a major cycling competitor, other sports like La Crosse an Australian Rules Football team, and Shooting Sports are also very popular.However, Canada is best known for its winter games—Hockey (bing1qiu3), in particular, but also ice skating, snow shoeing, and down-hill and cross-country skiing are very popular in Canada.Hockey is a very rough, highly-physical game and very exciting to watch. It is a very fast game with lots of physical contact between players. Often fights break out and have to be stopped by game officials.It is a game like soccer as you have to get the ball, or, in this game a puck (bing1qiu2), into the net to score a point and the other team is trying to prevent you from doing so. A big difference is that the puck is moved with a hockey stick and the game is played on ice (bing1qiu2chang3).Ice skating i s a great sport and it is also very popular in the U.S. The cost is minimal (ji2xiao3--a pair of skates) and all you need is warm clothing for the cold winter weather. Lakes are abundant (feng1)and there are also ice rinks (bing1chuan g3) available in warmer weather.Snow shoeing (xue3xie2) is simply walking but with a large, tennis racket-like shoe that is fixed to a boot. It simply spread the person’s weight so he/she does not sink into (xian4ru4) the snow. It is great exercise and very popular in Canada and the parts of the U.S. where it snows heavily.Down-hill skiing (hua2xue3) is very fun also, but it can be expensive. Ski resorts sometimes charge high fees for using the chair lifts (seats that take skiers to the top of the hill). Equipment for downhill skiing can be rented for the day at the resorts (du4jai4qu1). Food and drink is often very expensive also.Most people who ski often usually buy their own equipment. Skiing is a very popular sport in Canada, the U.S., and many other countries as well. I believe that there is a ski resort near Beijing now.Hunting in CanadaHunting seasons serve an important role to the game populations and the economy of each province. Season dates and tag (license)quotas (ding4’e2) are set based on wildlife (ye3sheng1sheng1wu4) populations and harvest reports. The money collected from hunting licenses and tourism helps to support the economy and habitat (sheng1jing4) restoration (xiu1fu4) programs.Canada offers several big-game species, with the most popular being whitetail deer, moose (da4lu4), elk (mi2lu4), black bear (hei1jia1zi) and caribou (a large type of deer). The big-game (large animal) seasons will typically take place from August to December.Waterfowl (shui3qin2) seasons---ducks and geese---will also take place during the fall and early winter. Manitoba waterfowl seasons vary depending on the various zones but will start in early September on September 1 or 8.Tag and license fees are typically broken down into three categories: resident, Canadian nonresidents and foreign nonresidents. License costs can vary with each province and by who is buying them. Canadian non-residents and foreign residents pay higher license fees.Some provinces require that the hunter has passed a hunter safety course before he/she can purchase a hunting license.Each province has individual regulations (guize2) regarding the hunting seasons and laws concerning bringing guns into the province. Weapons can be confiscated (mo4shou1) if provinces’ laws are not obeyed.French-CanadiansIn Canada, 85% of French Canadians reside (live) in Quebec where they constitute the majority of the population in all regions except the far North. Most cities and villages in this province were built and settled by the French or French Canadians during the French colonial rule.French-Canadian communities remain along the Quebec border in the US states ofnorthern Maine, Vermont and New Hampshire as well as further south in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and southern New Hampshire.They came to identify as Franco-American, especially those who were born American.In Quebec, about six million French Canadians are native French speakers. One million are English-speaking, "other-speakers", meaning, in practice, immigrants who speak neither French nor English at home.French-Canadian ReligionFrom 1629 onward and almost all French settlers of Canada were Roman Catholic..Until the 1960s, religion was a central component (yuan2jian4) of French-Canadian national identity. The Church parish (jiao4qu1) was the focal point (jiao1dian3) of civic life in French-Canadian society, and religious orders ran French-Canadian schools, hospitals and orphanages (yu2you2yuan2) and were very controlling of every day life in general.During the Quiet Revolution (a time of rapid change in politics, economics, and religion in Quebec) of the 1960s,however, the practice of Catholicism dropped drastically (kuang2shuai3) Church attendance in Quebec currently remains low. There are also many people from France, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and other countries whose mother tongue (mu3yu3) is French and are either Muslim or JewishSummaryThe development of the Canadian nation has been characterized by discussion, planning, and compromise.The gradual opening of all of Canada to European control, and its coming together in 1867 as a national entity, was not the result of war or revolution but instead, of negotiation and reconciliation. It was an orderly transition managed almost like a business venture much like England was.It is these qualities of combining co-operation with ethnic independence which continue to shape Canada's development as a nation. Developments in human rights law, for example, with a new emphasis on the importance of group rights and in particular group rights under conditions of inequality among groups, were pioneered in Canada.Nearly a century and a half of Canadian nationhood has demonstrated that it is indeed possible to build a nation where diversity serves as the keystone of unity.。
英语国家概况-加拿大(Canada)
Currency
All of Canada uses the Canadian Dollar20.
There are no 1 or 2 dollar bills in Canada, they have been replaced by the 1 and 2 dollar coins – the “loonie” and the “toonie”20.
7% of Canada’s land mass is covered with over 2 million lakes, the largest being the Northwest Territories’ Great Bear Lake4.
An estimated 14% of the world’s fresh water supply is located in Canada4.
Citizens are provided preventative care, medical treatments from primary care physicians, access to hospitals, dental surgery and some additional medical services29.
Some of Canada’s natural resources are; iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, rare earth elements, molybdenum, potash, diamonds, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and hydropower8.
《加拿大》教案：了解多元文化的国家
《加拿大》教案：了解多元文化的国家第一章：引言教学目标：1. 让学生对加拿大有一个基本的了解。
2. 激发学生对加拿大多元文化的兴趣。
教学内容：1. 加拿大的地理位置和概况。
2. 加拿大的多元文化特点。
教学活动：1. 展示加拿大地图，让学生了解其地理位置。
2. 介绍加拿大的基本情况，如人口、面积、气候等。
3. 讲解加拿大多元文化的背景和特点。
作业：1. 查阅资料，了解加拿大的国旗、国歌等信息。
第二章：加拿大原住民文化教学目标：1. 让学生了解加拿大原住民的历史和文化。
2. 培养学生对原住民文化的尊重和理解。
教学内容：1. 加拿大原住民的起源和发展。
2. 原住民文化的特点和表现形式。
教学活动：1. 介绍原住民的起源和发展历程。
2. 分析原住民文化的特点，如图腾、编织、舞蹈等。
3. 让学生观看原住民文化的表演视频，增进了解。
作业：1. 选择一种原住民文化形式，进行深入了解并分享给同学。
第三章：加拿大官方语言教学目标：1. 让学生了解加拿大的官方语言及其地位。
2. 培养学生尊重和包容不同语言文化的态度。
教学内容：1. 加拿大官方语言英语和法语的来源和地位。
2. 加拿大语言文化的多样性。
教学活动：1. 讲解英语和法语在加拿大的历史和地位。
2. 分析加拿大语言文化的多样性，如华人、印度人等。
3. 让学生尝试用英语和法语进行简单交流。
作业：1. 学习一段英语或法语的日常对话，并与同学进行练习。
第四章：加拿大多元文化的体现教学目标：1. 让学生了解加拿大多元文化的具体体现。
2. 培养学生欣赏和尊重不同文化的能力。
1. 加拿大多元文化的体现，如美食、节日、艺术等。
2. 加拿大包容多元文化的政策。
教学活动：1. 介绍加拿大多元文化的具体体现，如不同民族的美食、节日等。
2. 分析加拿大包容多元文化的政策及其影响。
3. 让学生分享自己了解到的加拿大多元文化案例。
作业：1. 尝试制作一道加拿大特色美食，并与同学分享。
教学目标：1. 让学生对加拿大多元文化有一个全面的认识。
加拿大文化英文简介 canadian culture
Official symbols – maple leaf, beaver, and the Canadian horse
Jacques Viger (first mayor of Montreal): "the king of our forest; ... the symbol of the Canadian people." Louis XIV: sent horses to Canada (late 17th century)
10 Provinces
Alberta
Alberta was named after Princess Louise Caroline Alberta of Britain Capital city – Edmonton Alberta's motto - "strong and free" It is known as Canada's "energy province" Immigrants - Britain, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, the East and Southeast Asia It is the main producer of coal, oil and natural gas in Canada
Paper, newspaper, magazines, tissue, wooden doors and windows
Main crop - potatoes
Newfoundland and Labrador
加拿大饮食文化Canadian dietetic culture
加拿大饮食文化Canadian dietetic culture Canada is a country of immigrants, has a rich and colorful culture,in whichThe " three not " food culture is very interesting.No alcoholic drinks and tobaccoSpeaking for the Chinese, whether home or to the hotel entertained friends, generally can not do without alcohol, otherwise there is aslight suspicion. However, in the Canadian dinners are not alcohol-based. In Canada there are no-smoking regulations, and must be over 16years of age can only buy cigarettes. At the federal building, elevators, banks, shops, schools and the majority of smoking in public places are illegal. As is seen in a restaurant, restaurants, or to stop smoking does not condone the smoking, may have been fined $5000. The wine as well, suchas Alberta Province, 19 years of age can only buy cigarettes, while the potent liquor was prohibited. In addition, restaurant, bar only in11 in the morning until 1 in the liquor, alcohol can only liquor license in place or house to drink, in these places outside of drinking are illegal.Do not eat hot foodHot food is Chinese food culture. Generally Chinese people like toeat hot food. If eat Jidie cold, it is just for drinking . Canadianslike to eat cold, which is different from our cold dishes, usually bythe owner of the all kinds of dishes, bowls, plates, dishes and other utensils after Sheng Hao, in turn will put all kinds of dishes in the kitchen table, guests arrived, for guests to enjoy. Because the dishesvery early, for a long time, also became a cold dish, Canada call "buffet dinner ".Don't exhaust tableIn Canada, it is not arranged dinner table seats. Usually guestshold disposable plastic lunch box and a fork, a row in packed with food in front of the stage, and then get yourself free food, finally find their own local meals. Because of no row table seats, so guests get a good meal, each rush thing, sit stand, casually, remain free. If thereis no self-induction abdomen eat, you can also Zaiqu feeding.Inland rich agricultural and livestock products, let you have a minimum price can eat quantity are unbelievable best Alberta barbecue and steak. In addition to fruit and jam products are high quality and inexpensive. Here have to mention is the maple fruit syrup. The sticky amber Maple fruit dew is formed by that spring maple sap is boiled into. Can also be made of sugar candy. Supermarkets and gift shop are brought together many big bottle vial maple syrup. There are installed in the beautiful vessels, the most suitable as a gift to give. Eating can be spread on the bread or added to tea, for those who own cooking and camping people, prepare a bottle of very convenient also.In my opinion, each country's diet has his unique place. We cannot praise it, can not be one-sided criticism of it. Nowadays, the world has been connected as a whole. National food culture without borders. Chinese and foreign culture in the diet can combine, develop food culture, and build a harmonious world.。
浅谈民族马赛克环境下加拿大英语所反映的多元文化
浅谈民族马赛克环境下加拿大英语所反映的多元文化2OO7年6月第4卷第6期湖北经济学院(人文社会科学版)Jun.2007 JournalofHubeiUniversityofEconomics(HumanitiesandSocialSciences)V01.4N0.6浅谈民族马赛克环境下加拿大英语所反映的多元文化曹悦(鞍山师范学院外语系,辽宁鞍山114000)摘要:多民族聚居的加拿大常被称为"民族马赛克".几百年来,独特的历史文化和地理位置使加拿大英语既传承着英式英语的根基,同时又带有邻国的美式英语特点,同时也吸收了大量居住在加拿大的原住民和来自世界各民族移民的语言,从而区别于英式英语和英语的其它变体.加拿大英语反映着本国的多元文化以及本国各民族之间的和谐相处和彼此包容.关键词:民族马赛克;加拿大英语;多元文化与美式英语,澳大利亚英语,新西兰英语一样.加拿大英语也是英国英语的一种变体.加拿大英语的历史在十六世纪前和英国英语是一样的.而自从十六世纪欧洲人开始踏上这块土地以来,加拿大人所使用的英语则受到当地独特的历史文化的影响而渐渐偏离英式英语,并逐渐形成现在人们所说的加拿大英语(CanadianEnglish).1535年.加拿大(Canada)这个名字才出现在人类历史上,但尽管仅有几百年历史.这个国家今天却容纳了包含八十种以上文化形态各异的种族群体.不同于所谓"民族大熔炉"的美国,加拿大则被称为绚烂的"民族马赛克".在英法移民登陆加拿大之后的几百年里.世界各国各种身份的移民陆续涌人加拿大.不同民族,不同国家,不同文化的人们从世界各地聚于此处.相互尊重,彼此包容,和平相处,使之成为一个地地道道的多元文化的社会.加拿大英语也正是四个阶段移民潮的产物.第一次大规模移民潮是以英语为母语的移民的涌人.主要是美国独立战争时期从美国中部大西洋沿岸的几个州涌人加拿大的所谓"保王派"(BritishLoyalists).保王派就是托利党人.他们的到达在加拿大英语发展中起着关键的作用.相对于当时法国人曾拥有的魁北克区域的下加拿大省,保王派在现在安大略省及周边区域成立了上加拿大省.他们逐渐成了加拿大的统治阶级并制定了包括语言在内的一系列规则,从而使加拿大英语大范围地从英式英语转向美式英语. 第二次移民潮发生在1812年后.加拿大当时的执政者鉴于国内出现反英情绪从而制定政策吸引大量英国本土移民以巩固政府地位.因此大量来自不列颠和爱尔兰的新移民移居加拿大.这次移民客观上强化了英语在这个国家中的地位.第三次移民潮贯穿1910年至1960年.世界各地的移民来到加拿大. 尽管这次移民潮对加拿大英语没有本质上的影响,但却使加拿大真正成为一个多文化国家.并为日后加拿大英语能够承受并包容来自世界的变化奠定了基础,因为多元文化使这个国家的语言既不脆弱,更不僵化.第四次移民潮则是全球一体化大环境中的大规模移民,世界的日新月异和各国移民对加拿大英语的各个方面,尤其是词汇,带来很大的影响.此外,136?加拿大原住民,如因纽特人和印第安人在上述四次大规模移民之前就影响着当时欧洲移民所持的英语,而最初的法国移民和现在的魁北克人的法语则不可忽视地影响着加拿大英语的词汇构成.由于来源于英式英语但又长时间受到经济强国美国的影响,人们在和加拿大人交流时能够同时发现英式英语和美式英语的影子.如Idon'tliketIlecolourofthetire,其中的colour是英式英语的拼写方法(美式为color),而tire则和美式英语一致(英式为tyre).然而,加拿大英语绝不是英式英语和美式英语的简单混合.一方面由于历史原因使其在不同方面对上述两种英语进行选择性地采用.另一方面则是因为加拿大英语的许多新词具有独特于英美的用法,"民族马赛克"环境下的加拿大英语在许多方面反映出了加拿大的多元文化.一,加拿大英语的发音特点人们在与异国人交流时首先注意到的就是语音,初到加拿大的旅游者和移民都会感受到加拿大英语的独特之处.对于很多有【o】音的外来语,加拿大人则比美国人更倾向于读成『ae1,如Colorado,Vietnam,Y okohama,Y ahoo,avocado,drama等等.在加拿大的大部分地区,包括大西洋省份,人们在说英语时常体现出一种Canadiallraising,如在ride中的复合元音【ai】发音部位会被抬高而读成loud中的【au],用【A】和【i] 的组合替换[all,用【A】和【u】的组合替换【au】.另一种典型的发音特点是Canadianshift,遍及西起温哥华东至蒙特利尔的大部分区域,如bat中的[0el变成【Q],bet中的【e】变成[0el,bit中的『i1变成『e1.二,加拿大英语的拼写特点多民族聚居创造了多彩的加拿大.但同时也导致加拿大作为一个整体国家存在着虽宽容却淡薄的民族意识.因此不像美式英语那样出自英式英语但不同于英式英语,加拿大英语常常徘徊在英式英语和美式英语之间.如在美式英语中的"center,meter,color,honor,defense,offense",在加拿大英语中则保持英式英语的拼写方法,即"centre,metre,coIohonour. defence,offence".但是另一方面加拿大英语也有靠近美式英语拼写的词汇,如英式拼写中的tyre,kerb,加拿大人则使用和美国同样的tire和curb.总之,语言根源和最初移民来源使加拿大英语在历史上受英国的影响较大,而地理位置的邻近和经济上与美合作的频繁使加拿大英语在近代与现代更趋向于美式英语.有一项70年代的调查表明,在拼写方面,65% 的加拿大人使用美国拼法.30%使用英国拼法.其余的5%选择两种拼法.另外,年轻人比老年人更倾向于美式拼法.三,加拿大英语的词汇特点除了沿用和借用英美英语词汇外,大约有两千个左右的词汇和表达方式是加拿大英语中独有的.语言学家常常用Canadianisms一词来表达加拿大英语从聚居在这个国家的各个民族借取并转化的词汇以及加拿大英语的这种独特性.在加拿大英语中具有丰富的多语言的痕迹,如原住民语言,法语,意大利语,希伯来语,德语,汉语,13语等.其中从原住民语言和法语中借来的词汇尤为突出.当不列颠人和后来从美国迁移来的保王派到达加拿大领土时.他们在这个国度里见到许多新鲜的事物.因此他们必须找到一些词汇来表达.有些词汇是从原住民因纽特人和印第安人的语言中借用来的.而有的则是新创造的.如国名Canada,安大略省Ontario,多伦多市Toronto和渥太华市Ottawa,加拿大和阿拉斯加的青苔沼泽地muskeg,北美印第安人吸用的烟草混合物kinnikinnick,因纽特人的圆顶冰屋igloo,美洲山核桃pecan等等.17世纪初.法国人首先在圣劳伦斯河流域建立了魁北克城.并扩展为北美的毛皮贸易基地新法兰西.1663年.新法兰西成为法国的一个行省,直到英国占领了魁北克和蒙特利尔并于1763年英法七年战争签定了《巴黎和约》,加拿大成为英国的殖民地.然而法语对加拿大英语词汇的影响是不可忽视的.如餐巾serviette,平地木船bateau,马拉雪橇cariole,魁北克省的地铁是metro而不是subway,公路是autoroute而不是highway.另外在词组的构造上加拿大英语中也反映出法语的痕迹,如当Canada一词作定语时,常常像法语一样后置于名词,而不是变为Canadian,这种现象常见于政府部门或商业机构,如加拿大航空公司ACanada,加拿大邮政P0stCanada,加拿大贝尔公司BellCanada,比赛中的加拿大队TeamCanada.综上所述,加拿大英语在语音,拼写和词汇方面反映着这个民族马赛克国家的历史文化的点点滴滴.语言是文化的载体和反映,相对于其它英语变体,加拿大英语因其中所渗透和包容的多元文化而与众不同.参考文献:[1]李翠云.加拿大英语语音的形成及其特征【J].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学.1996,(3):94—96.[2]赵辛而.加拿大英语简介【J].哈尔滨:黑龙江大学,1979,(2):83-86[3]阮西湖.加拿大民族志【M】.北京:中国社会科学出版社,1990.[4]王呙.文化马赛克:加拿大移民史【M].北京:民族出版社,2003. 【5]阮西湖,王丽芝.加拿大与加拿大人【M】.北京:中国社会科学出版社.1990.『6]姜苋.世界文明大系:加拿大文明[蝴.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2001.(上接第145页) ancientlines:"ThelandscapeoftheWuyiMountainsismarvelous;itisafairylandinthehumanworld."在描述旅游景点时.中国人喜好引用名言,诗句来表达自己的感受.然而,诗词翻译难度很大,在这里译者用生动形象, 简洁易懂的两句话表达了原文诗句的意境,将诗词的"形美, 意美"恰如其分地传达给了外国读者和游客.(2)如此碧水蓝天.空气清新的一方净土定会令您旅途心旷神怡.Relaxationisguaranteedfromatouroft}lisunpollutedland withbluesky.clearwaterandfreshair.汉语旅游宣传资料中感情丰富,旨在渲染气氛,令人退想万千.无限向往.但原文中许多华丽词藻,四字词组难于翻译, 因此译者适当调整,对原文进行了改写,直观简洁,更符合英文表达习惯.增强了译文的可读性,与原文有异曲同工之妙, 达到了沟通和交流的目的.四,结论翻译适应选择论对汉英旅游翻译具有重要指导作用.总体而言,在旅游翻译过程中译者的选择是在不同维度,不同层面上操作的.并贯穿于翻译过程的始末.从翻译适应选择论视角来解释.不论是归化还是异化,也不论是直译还是意译,都可以看作是译者为了适应翻译生态环境所作出的一种翻译策略的选择.由于翻译是"译者适应翻译生态环境的选择活动", 而包括社会,文化,诸因素等在内的翻译生态环境又是在动态..的变化之中.译者在不同的翻译策略之间作出与翻译生态环境相适应的选择:在语言维上注重积累,提高素质,准确达意, 生动直观:在文化维上尽量突出文化内涵,宣传中国文化;在交际维上调整信息量.适应读者的文化习惯,帮助读者理解译文.再现原文的交际意图.译者的适应选择是一个动态的,不断发展不断完善的过程.(本文系湖南省教育厅课题…"应用逻辑与科技翻译研究"成果之一)参考文献:[11包惠南.包昂.中国文化与汉英翻译rM】.北京:外文出版社,2004. 【2】胡庚申.翻译适应选择论【M】.湖北教育出版社,2004.[31魏国富.实用旅游英语教程【M】.复旦大学出版社,2005. 137?。
中国和加拿大的文化差异英语作文
中国和加拿大的文化差异英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Contrasts Between Chinese and Canadian CultureAs an international student who has had the opportunity to live in both China and Canada, I have experienced first-hand the stark cultural differences between these two nations. While China is an ancient civilization steeped in thousands of years of rich history and traditions, Canada is a relatively young country that embraces multiculturalism and modernity. Through my personal observations and experiences, I aim to shed light on the most significant contrasts between Chinese and Canadian culture.One of the most apparent distinctions lies in the collective versus individualistic mindsets that permeate these societies. In China, the concept of collectivism is deeply ingrained, where the interests and well-being of the group take precedence over individual desires. This emphasis on harmony, loyalty, and conformity can be traced back to the influential teachings of Confucius, which have shaped Chinese culture for centuries.Conversely, Canadian society values individualism, encouraging self-expression, personal autonomy, and the pursuit of individual goals and aspirations.This cultural divide manifests itself in various aspects of daily life. For instance, in China, it is common for extended families to live together under one roof, with grandparents, parents, and children sharing responsibilities and resources. This multigenerational living arrangement fosters a strong sense of family unity and interdependence. In contrast, the nuclear family structure is more prevalent in Canada, where young adults often leave their parents' homes to establish their own independent households.Another notable difference lies in the approach to communication and interpersonal relationships. Chinese culture places a high value on maintaining face, which is the concept of preserving one's dignity, respect, and reputation in social interactions. As a result, direct confrontation or open criticism is generally avoided, and communication tends to be more indirect and subtle. Canadians, on the other hand, typically favor a more straightforward and assertive communication style, where expressing opinions and providing constructive feedback are considered acceptable and even encouraged.Education systems in China and Canada also exhibit significant variations. In China, the emphasis is on rote learning, memorization, and adherence to a rigid curriculum, with a strong focus on subjects such as mathematics, science, and language. Academic achievement and test scores are highly valued, and competition among students is intense. Canadian education, conversely, promotes critical thinking, creativity, and a more well-rounded approach to learning. Students are encouraged to question, analyze, and express themselves, with a greater emphasis on extracurricular activities and personal development.Culinary traditions showcase another fascinating aspect of cultural diversity. Chinese cuisine is renowned for its rich flavors, intricate cooking techniques, and diverse regional variations. Dishes often involve intricate preparations and a harmonious balance of flavors, such as sour, sweet, bitter, and spicy. Canadian cuisine, being a mosaic of various cultural influences, is more eclectic, with a focus on simplicity, freshness, and fusion of global flavors.The role of tradition and modernity is another area where China and Canada diverge. China is a country deeply rooted in its ancient customs and practices, with a strong reverence for ancestors, spiritual beliefs, and cultural heritage. Traditionalfestivals, such as Chinese New Year and the Mid-Autumn Festival, are celebrated with great fervor, preserving age-old rituals and symbolism. Canada, on the other hand, is a nation that embraces modernity, innovation, and rapid social change, constantly evolving and adapting to new ideas and trends.Despite these stark contrasts, both cultures share a deep appreciation for family values, respect for elders, and a strong work ethic. In China, filial piety and honoring one's ancestors are deeply ingrained values, while in Canada, family bonds and respect for the elderly are also highly regarded. Additionally, both societies place a high value on hard work, perseverance, and dedication, although the manifestations of these values may differ.In conclusion, the cultural differences between China and Canada are vast and profound, reflecting the diverse histories, philosophies, and societal norms that have shaped these nations. From the collective versus individualistic mindsets to the contrasting approaches to education, communication, and culinary traditions, these contrasts offer a fascinating glimpse into the richness and complexity of human civilization. As an international student, navigating these cultural nuances has been a challenging yet rewarding journey, fostering a deeperappreciation for diversity, open-mindedness, and cross-cultural understanding.篇2Cultural Differences Between China and CanadaAs an international student from China studying in Canada, I have experienced firsthand the distinct cultural contrasts between these two countries. While China and Canada share some similarities, such as valuing education and family ties, the differences in cultural norms, communication styles, and societal values are significant. In this essay, I will explore the most notable cultural differences between China and Canada from my perspective as a Chinese student living and studying in Canada.Individualism vs. CollectivismOne of the most striking cultural differences between China and Canada lies in their contrasting perspectives on individualism and collectivism. China has a deeply rooted collectivistic culture, where individuals are expected to prioritize the needs and interests of the group over their personal desires. Harmony, conformity, and maintaining face are highly valued in Chinese society. In contrast, Canada embraces a more individualistic culture, where personal freedom, autonomy, andself-expression are encouraged. Canadians generally value independence, individuality, and the pursuit of personal goals.In China, decision-making often involves consulting with family members and considering the impact on the collective group. However, in Canada, individuals are more likely to make decisions based on their own preferences and aspirations, without feeling the same level of obligation to conform to familial or societal expectations.Communication StylesThe communication styles in China and Canada also differ significantly. In Chinese culture, communication tends to be more indirect and implicit, with a strong emphasis on reading between the lines and interpreting nonverbal cues. Directness can be perceived as rude or confrontational. Conversely, Canadians generally value direct and explicit communication, where opinions and thoughts are expressed openly and clearly.In China, it is common to use euphemisms, metaphors, and subtle hints to convey messages, especially when discussing sensitive or potentially face-threatening topics. Canadians, on the other hand, often prefer to address issues directly and openly, without relying heavily on implicit communication.Hierarchical vs. Egalitarian RelationshipsAnother notable cultural difference lies in the hierarchical nature of relationships in China versus the more egalitarian relationships in Canada. In Chinese society, hierarchical structures and respect for authority figures, such as teachers, elders, and supervisors, are deeply ingrained. Deference to those in positions of power or seniority is expected, and questioning authority is often discouraged.In contrast, Canadian society places a stronger emphasis on egalitarianism, where individuals are treated as equals, regardless of age, social status, or position. Canadians tend to challenge authority more openly and encourage critical thinking and questioning of established norms.Concept of TimeThe perception and management of time also differ between Chinese and Canadian cultures. In China, time is often viewed as more flexible and fluid, with a greater emphasis on relationships and adaptability. Punctuality is considered important, but social obligations and personal connections may take precedence over strict adherence to schedules.Canadians, however, generally have a more linear and structured approach to time management. Schedules, deadlines, and punctuality are highly valued, and timeliness is considered a sign of professionalism and respect for others' time.Family DynamicsFamily dynamics and structures also exhibit notable differences between China and Canada. In Chinese culture, familial ties and obligations are deeply rooted, with a strong emphasis on filial piety and respect for elders. Multi-generational households are common, and family members are expected to support and care for one another, both emotionally and financially.In Canada, while family ties are still important, there is a greater emphasis on individual autonomy and independence from an early age. Nuclear families are more common, and adult children often establish their own households and lives separate from their parents. The concept of filial piety, while still valued, may not be as strictly observed as in Chinese culture.Education and Academic ExpectationsBoth China and Canada place a high value on education, but the approaches and expectations differ. In China, academicachievement and performance are heavily emphasized, with a strong focus on rote memorization, repetition, and standardized testing. The educational system is highly competitive, and students often face immense pressure to excel academically.In contrast, the Canadian educational system tends to emphasize critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and a more well-rounded approach to learning. While academic performance is still valued, there is a greater emphasis on creativity, personal growth, and developing practical life skills.These are just a few of the many cultural differences I have observed as a Chinese student studying in Canada. While adjusting to these contrasts can be challenging at times, experiencing and understanding different cultural perspectives has been an enriching and invaluable part of my educational journey. By embracing diversity and remaining open-minded, we can learn from and appreciate the unique strengths and values of various cultures, ultimately fostering mutual understanding and respect in our increasingly interconnected world.篇3The Cultural Divide: Bridging the Gap between China and CanadaAs an international student studying in Canada, I have had the incredible opportunity to immerse myself in a culture vastly different from my own. Coming from the bustling streets of Shanghai to the quiet suburbs of Toronto, the contrast has been striking, to say the least. While both China and Canada are modern, developed nations, the cultural disparities between the two countries have been a constant source of fascination and, at times, bewilderment.One of the most apparent differences lies in the concept of individualism versus collectivism. Chinese culture places a strong emphasis on the collective good, prioritizing the needs of the family and society over individual desires. This manifests in various aspects of daily life, from the expectation of filial piety towards elders to the deeply ingrained value of harmony and conformity. In contrast, Canadian culture celebrates individuality and self-expression, encouraging people to pursue their personal interests and ambitions without the same level of societal pressure.This cultural divergence is particularly evident in academic settings. In China, group work and collaborative learning are highly valued, with students often working together to solve problems and support one another's academic endeavors.Conversely, the Canadian educational system places a greater emphasis on individual achievement and critical thinking, fostering an environment where students are encouraged to voice their unique opinions and challenge established norms.Another striking contrast can be found in the realm of communication styles. Chinese communication tends to be more indirect and context-dependent, relying heavily on nonverbal cues and implicit understanding. Canadians, on the other hand, generally favor a more direct and explicit approach to communication, valuing clarity and straightforwardness in their interactions.This difference manifests itself in various social situations, from business negotiations to casual conversations. In China, it is common to employ subtle hints and metaphors to convey a message, while in Canada, directness and transparency are highly prized. As an international student, navigating these communication nuances has been a constant learning curve, requiring me to adapt my communication style to suit the cultural context.The concept of personal space and physical boundaries is another area where the cultural divide becomes evident. In China, personal space is often more fluid and flexible, with closephysical proximity being the norm in crowded urban environments. However, in Canada, personal space is highly valued, and maintaining a certain distance between individuals is considered polite and respectful。
加拿大文化特点
The Characteristics of Canada’s CultureAs the second largest country in the world, Canada has its own characteristics and customs. The most particular trait in Canada is its policy of immigrants.With thirty million Canadians, Canadian society is one of the most open, the most inclusive, the most colorful society in the world. Due to many historical reasons, the formation of ethnic in Canada is a diversified structure. You can find almost every major nation in the world in Canada. Canada's cultural diversity is one of the most important advantages. Since 1867, Canada accepted more than fifteen million immigrants. Each year, two hundred thousand new immigrants come to Canada, many of them come from China. More than one million people of Chinese immigrate to Canada. Canada has been trying to ensure that all of the Canadian citizens have the opportunity to display their potential and integrate into Canadian society. Canada's first aboriginals are the Inuit and Indians. A group of indigenous people who are from the north, the Inuit Eskimos, their ancestors come from the Asian continent. The existing Canadian Inuit live in some more estuary delta, northwest coast, the arctic islands, Hudson bay. They fish and hunt for a living. "Inuit" means "the only people". Indian name comes from Christopher Columbus discovering America in the early of misunderstanding. Indians are now living in Canada in 2200 reserves, some live in the cities. Some of the ancestors ofthe Indians signed with the British colonial government (later became the Canadian government) a transfer after territory and getting compensation treaty, this part of the Indians had been called "the status of a treaty Indians". Those who had not signed a contract, is called "no treaty status Indians", because there is no compensation, so later don't enjoy equal rights with the former.Since the 17th century, Europeans had begun to move to Canada. This action has influenced Canada a lot. After the British victory over the French, they have the right to rule Canada, but they allow the French inhabited region (mainly in Quebec) to keep the French national culture, language and religion (Catholic).Quebec has kept strong French charm of life today. The Anglo-French history of conflict and political stability requirements make English and French become two important languages in this nation. And even in Quebec, French basically becomes the only official language. The hybrids of French and Indian are called Giacometti, now the meaning of the word has been extended to refer to babies born by whites and Indians. Canada currently has over sixty thousand Giacometti people, not completely the same with Indians, they can live with their father or mother in the reservation.Asia in recent years have a large number of immigrants to Canada, including Taiwan, Hong Kong, the number reaches one million or so. These immigrants concentrate living in Toronto, Ontario (400000 people),Montreal, Quebec (150000 people) and Vancouver, British Columbia (250000 people).With a large number of Chinese immigrants flocking to Canada, the lion dance of Chinatown, dragon boat of Dragon Boat Festival have become Canada's national sceneries. Canada is a veritable immigration country, for 99% of the population is immigrant. The immigrants bring the rich and colorful culture to Canada, and form a multicultural environment. In this environment, unique artistic expressions and characteristics of various nationalities influence each other, and thrive Canadian culture.The diversification of the Canadian national, ethnic composition has also brought the rich diversity of culture. Different nationalities, races, culture of harmonious coexistence of diverse characteristics become one of the most significant differences between Canada and other immigrant countries. Canadian government and the people are proud of such special cultural environment, which become an important factor to attract new immigrants.Besides, Canadians also have their own customs. For example, firstly, Canadians almost do n’t smoke, especially in the bus. Smoking is forbidden in public places such as restaurants. These public places are generally divided into smoking and non-smoking section, if someone wants to smoke during a repast, he should ask the waiter to arrange a smoking place to seat. As for smoking in private places, he must first getthe permission of the owner. Canadians pay more attention to health, they don't spit or litter, and at the same time they pay attention to their appearance clean.Secondly, in Canada, paying a visit to others in a formal or informal way are required to make an appointment, unexpected visit is impolite. Canadian meeting etiquette is shaking hands, commonly available on special occasions such as French occasions embrace French etiquette, etc. When talking to Canadians, avoid using finger to point, the conversation distance should be appropriate, conversations don’t involve private life, such as income and expenditure, or ask a lady her age. It is best not to talk about differences between Canada and the United States at random. When someone walk in and walk out of doors, elevators and stairs, they should be gently to lady and old people. Vehicles should be comity to women and the old man. Waiting for the bus or something else should line up.Thirdly, Canadians used to eat cold food. They see dinner as the most important one. Eating with Canadians do not wanted to do excessive comity and vomiting-inducing toasts. Canadians do not like fat, hate shrimp paste, fermented bean curd, such as red in strange smell of food, animal innards and claws are Canadian food taboos. Canada party generally for the number of seats, such as taboo number "13".Black and purple is unpopular in Canada. White lily is used in funeral, but not usedto send people. Even children in swimming should put on a bathing suit. In summer there will be bikini-clad women who enjoy sunbathing, don't be surprised.In conclusion, Canada is a really amazing country. It has its unique culture features. Although there are a variety of different cultural foundations, most Canadian people are straight and enthusiasm. When someone comes to this country, Canadians will show their hospitality and friendliness to him or her. It really has multiculturalism. It’s a fantastic country for us to pay a visit.Foreign Language CollegeClass One, Grade ThreeLiangMin。
Canada_加拿大国家概况
• Provinces have more autonomy than territories. (such as health care, education, and welfare) and together collect more revenue than the federal government, an almost unique structure among federations in the world. Using its spending powers, the federal government can initiate national policies in provincial areas; • Equalization payments are made by the federal government to ensure that reasonably uniform standards of services and taxation are kept between the richer and poorer provinces.
Provinces and territories
• Canada is a federation composed of ten provinces and three territories. In turn, these may be grouped into regions: Western Canada, Central Canada, Atlantic Canada, and Northern Canada (the latter made up of the three territories: Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut).
中国和加拿大的文化差异英语作文
中国和加拿大的文化差异英语作文全文共5篇示例，供读者参考中国和加拿大的文化差异英语作文1there are many difference between china and america such as in the field of geography ,culture, language ,politics ,economy and education with the development of science and technology .the word get even more smaller ,the communication between them is more frequent . our country, china absorbs the essence and doesn’t eliminate the bad thing . because a proverb ever since said when the fresh air come in ,the flies will also accompany it . at times we may not determine our countries’ geography and culture .but the system of politics economy , especially family education can be decided by the individuals . as the main bodyof the education is parents’ child . though each parent tries their best and strives to teach their children very well, there are still some problems in it .in order to tackle them, i’ll give some detailed analysis of the difference of family education between china and american.随着科学技术的发展，中美两国在地理、文化、语言、政治、经济、教育等方面存在着许多差异。
描述加拿大文化雅思作文
描述加拿大文化雅思作文案例一：Canada is the second largest land area country in the world. It has six time zones and borders on three oceans. Canada has ten provinces and three regions in the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Arctic Ocean.Each province and region has its own provincial flag, coat of arms and flower. Compared with China, Canada has a short history. The earliest settlers are aborigines, also known as aborigines and the first nation People from Europe came to this land hundreds of years ago.Most of the people from Britain and France in Canada are multicultural countries. People from all over the world come to Canada. However, due to the long-term immigration of Canada, Canadian culture is still mainly influenced by the three earliest immigrants of Britain and France, and indigenous sports play an important role in Canadian culture.The national sports of Canada are hockey in winter and hockeyin summer. When the game season begins, most people make hockey and hockey an important part of their lives. Thousands of people gather in the arena to support their favorite teams.People will hang the flag of their favorite team on their cars and even doodle on their faces to show their support.案例二：Canada is a society built on the existing Aboriginal peoples and two European cultures. The continuous flow of immigrants reflects a cultural, ethnic and linguistic diversity that is not found anywhere else on the planet. Canada is the first country in the world to adopt an official multicultural policy.It aims to provide various programs and services to encourage all Canadian people to participate fully in Canadian society. Regardless of their background, the multiculturalism policy in the Canadian multiculturalism act passed by parliament is based on the fundamental values of uniting Canadians, such as respect for human rights, respect for human rights, social security, and so on Equality and recognition of diversity.。
论加拿大多元文化中的文化和谐（英文论文）
论加拿大多元文化中的文化和谐（英文论文）On Cultural Harmony of Canadian Multiculturalism论加拿大多元文化中的文化和谐。
Hunan University of Commerce, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaABSTRACTCanada, which can be described as an open and romantic country, is the gathering place of world cultures. It can be called “the inheriting site of historic civilizations, the fusion land of cultural harmony.”This article aims at discussing the contents of multicultural policy. In this policy, French and British culture which make great contributions to the Canadian history, are identified as the mainstream culture in Canada. At the same time, protecting aboriginal culture and foreign cultures also is an important content in the policy. Then this paper analyzes the vital function of multicultural policy in cultural areas such as education, language, value, city culture and life style. Not only can the policy enhance the comprehensive national strength of Canada and improve Canada’s intern ational status, but also it can provide an effective model to the multinational state to deal with the ethnic relations. Moreover, this policy promotes the development and stability of the world.KEY WORDSCanada nationalities; Canadian multicultural policy; multiculturalism; culture harmonyCONTENTS1Introduction (1)2 Nationalities in Canada (2)2.1French and British Canadians (2)2.2 Aboriginal People (3)2.3 Ethnic Minorities (3)3 Multiculturalism (4)3.1 Contents of Multiculturalism (4)3.2 Development of Multiculturalism (4)3.3 Manifestation of Multiculturalism (5)3.4 Influence of Multiculturalism (7)3.5 Evaluation of Multiculturalism (8)4 Cultural Harmony (9)4.1 Main Factors of Cultural Harmony (9)4.2 Inherent Demand of Harmonious Culture (16)4.3 Influence of Harmonious Culture (19)5 Conclusion (20)References (22)1IntroductionCanada is a large land country with a population of over 30 million, the second largest country in the world. It is a multinational country with more than 80 different nations. Indians take up 1.8 percent of total population, British population takes possession of 39 percent, French population occupies 26.8 percent, Italy African population holds 3.5 percent, Holland African population seizes on 1.7 percent, Chinese population takes up 2 percent, population from middle eastern occupies 1,1 percent. Most of Chinese people live in the lake delta and Quebec city.Canada is a big family of many nationalities, so how to deal with the relationship between the different nationalities is a big problem to the Canada government. Many authors want to find a positive solution and do a further research.Accessing to foreign researches on Canadian multiculturalism, it can be found that research are quite early and fruitful. After the publication of Multiculturalism and History of Canadian Diversity(1999), it became the center of attention quickly. Day Richard introduces Canadian multiculturalism in detail, analyzing the successful reasons of Canadian multiculturalism. With the development of multicultural policy, Canada promotes the harmonious development and prosperity of Canadian culture. In the monograph of Multicultural Education(1989) written by Banks, he introduces multicultural education in Canada. It mainly have four parts, include official language education, race specific education, multicultural education and problem-orientated education. Education id one of the main factors of cultural harmony in Canada, it promotes the harmonious culture in Canada. In the monograph of Communication Between Cultures(2000) and the paper pf Race and Ethnic Relation in Canada(1990), the authors introduce the methods to deal with the national relation.Compared with foreign researches, domestic researches on Canadian multiculturalism are also abundant. Dai xiaodong wrote a journal article Canadian Multiculturalism and culture security, he introduces the multiculturalism and offera proposal to deal with national collisions. Gao jianguo, in his journal article of Canadian multicultural policies in this article, he analyzes the advantage of Multicultural policy and evaluate the policy. Multicultural policy is not perfect,he advices that the government should pay attention to the desire and requirementof each nation in Canada and improve the policy. It will help Canada build a colorful multiple country.After years of practice and hard work, multiculturalism is proved to be a right choice to the Canada society. Social stability, economic development and nation prosperity are the highlights of multiculturali sm. What’s more, Canada provides a new national development road to the multinational countries.Reference:[1] Charles, Taylor. Multiculturalism-Examining the Politics of Recognition [M].USA: Princeton University Press, 1994.[2] Com, Graham. From China to Canada, A History of Chinese Communities [M].Toronto: McClelland Stewart Ltd, 1992.[3] Day, Richard. Multiculturalism and the History of Canadian Diversity[M].Toronto: University of Toronto Press.1999.[4] Denis, Peter. Race and Ethnic Relations in Canada[C]. UK:University of OxfordPress, 1990.[5] James, Banks. Multicultural Education [M]. USA:Needham Heights US,1989.[6] Kalbach,Warren and Richard, Madeline A. “Ethno- religious Identity andAcculturation” [C]. Halli, Shiva S. Trovato, Frank and Driedger, Leo Ethnic Demography. Ottawa: Carl et on University Press, 1990.[7] Met,calfe. Understanding Canada[M]. New York: New York University,1992.[8] Palmer, Howard. “Mosaic versus Melting Pot:Immigration and Ethnicity inCanada a nd the United States” [M]. Ontario: Nelson Canada:A Passion for Identity.Scarborough. 1988.[9] Samonar, Larry. Communication Between Cultures[M]. Beijing: ForeignLanguage Teaching and Research Press, 2000.[10] Samuel, John. “Third World Immigration and Multiculturalism” [C]. Halli, ShivaTrovato, Frank and Driedger, Leo. Ethnic Demography.Ottwwa: Carleton University Press, 1990.[11] Singh, Bhagat. Canadian and Cultural[M]. India: Vikas Publishing. 1995.[12] 戴晓东. 加拿大多元文化主义和文化安全[J]. 现代国际关系，2004(4).[13] 高建国. 加拿大多元文化政策评析[J]. 世界民族，1999(4).[14] 韩笋生. 加拿大城市发展特点[J]. 国外城市规划，1995(3).[15] 刘少林. 加拿大多元文化教育本质论[J]. 西安交通大学学报，1999.[16] 刘力达，傅利. 加拿大多元文化的主流文化倾向[J]. 世界民族,1998(4).[17] 马林, 李洁红. 世界通览加拿大卷[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社，2001.[18] 欧阳康. 文化多元与国家统一—加拿大1992年修宪协议公决失败的思考[A]加拿大教育研究第二集[C].陕西：陕西师范大学出版社，1992.[19] 阮西湖. 加拿大民族政策的2个转折点：多元文化主义和土著人自治[J].世界民族, 1995(1).[20] 曾艳华. 加拿大民族政策之借鉴[J]. 学术期刊，2009(6).。
关于加拿大风土人情作文英语
Canada, a vast and diverse country, is home to a rich tapestry of cultures and traditions. From its stunning natural landscapes to its vibrant cities, Canada offers a unique blend of experiences that reflect its multi-cultural heritage.One of the most striking aspects of Canadian culture is its strong sense of community. Canadians value the importance of togetherness and often gather to celebrate various events and festivals. Whether it's a community barbecue in the summer or a winter festival with hot chocolate and s'mores, Canadians love to come together and share in the joy of the moment.Another notable aspect of Canadian culture is its respect for nature. Canadians are proud of their country's vast and beautiful landscapes, and they make every effort to preserve and protect them. Hiking, camping, and other outdoor activities are popular pastimes, and Canadians often take advantage of their beautiful surroundings to enjoy the outdoors.In terms of food, Canadian cuisine is a blend of influences from around the world. Canadian dishes often feature fresh seafood, hearty meats, and a variety of fruits and vegetables. Traditional Canadian dishes such as poutine (a dish of fries topped with cheese curds and gravy) and peameal bacon (a type of bacon coated in breadcrumbs) are popular throughout the country.Canada is also known for its vibrant art and music scene. Canadian artists and musicians have achieved international recognition in various fields, including literature, film, and music. The country's support for the arts is evident in its many museums, galleries, and festivals dedicated to showcasing the talents of its artists.In conclusion, Canada is a country that is rich in culture and tradition. Its strong sense of community, respect for nature, diverse cuisine, and vibrant art and music scene all contribute to its unique identity. Visiting Canada is an opportunity to experience a melting pot of cultures and traditions that are sure to leave a lasting impression.。
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A Survey of Canadian Culture
This lecture tells us about beautiful According to the teacher lectures, I learned that Canada is a highly developed capitalist country, thanks to abundant natural resources and highly developed science and technology, make it become the world's highest quality of life, one of the most affluent society, most economically developed countries. Canada ranks among the best of education in terms, government transparency, social freedom, quality of life and economic freedom. Due to Canada is in the northern hemisphere. So the popular sport in Canada. Mostly related to snow, such as skiing, figure skating, speed skating, curling, rugby and so on.
Canada has ten provinces and three regions, a population of about 35000000, of which the Chinese have about 15000000 people. The land area of about 9984670 square kilometers. The national flag is the Maple Leaf flag, Canada is also a maple tree. The main language is English and French. Ottawa is the capital and the largest city is Toronto. It is a beautiful country. There are some unique festivals, such as the Tulip Festival, Quebec Festival.
The relationship between Canada and other countries, the relationship between Canada and the United States, in recent years, there are some conflicts, but mainly in the United States bordering parts of the territory. But most places have a very good relationship with the United states. After all, Canada and the United States have the longest defined boundary in the world. The friendship between China and Canada has a long history. by the end of eighteenth Century exported to Canada, Bethune, a great internationalist soldier who helped the Chinese Anti Japanese war in Canada, led the medical team to the front of the Anti Japanese struggle in China, and contributed his precious life to the cause of the liberation of the Chinese people.
Concerning Canadian Culture, my interest is in the beautiful scenery, Vancouver city park green grass known as STANLEY Park, Queens Park etc. In fact, every city in Canada is a beautiful park.Also There are many beautiful landscapes, such as the beautiful University of British Columbia, Niagara Falls and many world heritage. The Canadian cultural atmosphere, Canada is a nation of immigrants, but the social relationship is very stable, people are willing to help each other. Here all the way of life are welcome.
Compared with Chinese Culture,I understand that the Canadian culture is very different from Chinese culture. Although Canada and Chinese are multicultural countries. But Chinese diversified from fusion between different ethnic groups. And China history is far more than Canada. Canadian multiculturalism, when Europeans discovered the continent of America, many countries in the world who had moved here. It was because there were many people from different countries that made up the first inhabitants of Canada. So Canada became a diverse country with a
wide variety of food, culture, art, and faces.
Canadian culture is different from that of any other country in the world. But it's similar to the culture of many countries. This is the most unique charm of Canadian culture.。