2018年10月自考00595英语阅读一试题及答案含评分标准

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10月全国自考综合英语一试题及答案解析

…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语（一）试题课程代码：00794请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并填入答题纸相应位置。

（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）1. _______ late 1990's, about two thousand adults were enrolled in correspondence study in the community.A. TheB. In theD. It was in the C. It was the2. Mary _______ the meeting yesterday. She was in the hospital.A. cannot have attendedB. cannot attendD. must not attend C. must not have attended3. By the time Jack comes back from his hometown, we _______ all the preparations.A. finishB. have finishedD. shall have finished C. had finished4. To speak quite frankly, I'd rather you _______ in such affairs.A. don't involveB. didn't involveD. are not involved C. were not involved5. _______ time, Denny would certainly have come and help me.A. If she hadB. Had she hadD. Did she have C. If she would have6. Janet's uncle insists _______ in the hotel near the city square.A. not stayingB. not to stayD. that he doesn't stay C. that he not stay7. The reason my sister didn't go abroad was _______ a new job here.A. because she gotB. that she gotD. that because she got C. why she got8. It was not until Mary arrived at the theatre _______ she realized she had forgotten her ticket.A. thenB. andD. thatC. but1…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………9. I'd met Cynthia several times before this gathering. _______.A. I did, tooB. So did ID. I met, also C. So had I10. _______ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A. The girl's being educatedB. The girl being educatedD. The girl who was educated C. The girl was educated11. Ann likes doing some reading at home _______ to the cinema.A. than to goB. more than goingD. than going C. rather than to go12. You'd better come to ask the teacher yourself tomorrow, _______?A. didn't youB. shouldn't youD. hadn't youC. wouldn't you13. Mary filled in the application form, but she didn't know which office _______.A. to be sent toB. to send it toD. to send it C. to be sent14. Do you know what _______ made Jenny sad?A. it was thatB. was it thatD. was it C. it was15. Parents love their children with a devotion _______ no return.A. which they ask forB. which they askD. for which they ask C. for which they ask for16. I really don't want to go to the party, but I don't see how I can _______ it.A. get awayB. get overD. get back from C. get out of17. The captain _______ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.A. broughtB. presentedD. did C. made18. It is wise to have some money _______ for old age.A. put awayB. put inD. put down C. put about19. The motor isn't _______ enough to drive the car up steep hills.A. toughB. big2…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………C. strongD. powerful20. We agreed to meet in the office but so far she hasn't _______ yet.A. turned aroundB. turned inD. turned out C. turned up21. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _______ great it is.A. asB. soD. howeverC. though22. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _______.A. hardlyB. heavilyD. strongly C. sharply23. A pause can make all the _______ in the world between an effective speech and an ineffective one in the hands of a master.A. differenceB. effectD. contribution C. impression24. Not many people were actually _______ his plan. They did not object to it openly, though.A. in line withB. in common withD. in the interest of C. in favor of25.Bad management will inevitably _______ poor efficiency.A. come withB. result inD. come into C. result from26. Besides giving, love _______ such elements as care, responsibility, respect and knowledge.A. composes ofB. makes up ofD. consists of C. makes from27. How can you succeed without a desire to take _______ of all available opportunities?A. privilegeB. advantageD. care C. chance28. Her success in work _______ in her deep love and compassion for her pupils and her strong sense of responsibility.A. lainB. laidD. layC. lied29. China is _______ to building a sound environment for foreign investors.A. committedB. opened3…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………C. loyalD. active30. Once the students started to talk, the discussion became so _______ that no one wanted to stop when the bell rang.A. likelyB. livelyD. interestingly C. lovelyⅡ. 认真阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。

自考英语一试题及答案解析.doc

⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯精品自学考试资料推荐⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯2018 年 10 月自考英语（一）试题英语（一）试卷PART ONE (50 POINTS)I．Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．1．Jean didn"t have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ for the examination．A ．to prepareB．to be preparedC．preparingD．being preparing2．The teacher"s insistence on high standards resulted ___ excellent work．A．withB．fromC．inD．to3．Read aloud ___ all the students in the classroom can hear you clearly．A ．sinceB．becauseC．forD．so that4．I have no doubt ____ he will overcome all his difficulties．A ．whichB．whatC．thatD．if⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯精品自学考试资料推荐⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯5．It"s necessary that he ____ in time to attend the meeting．A．comeB．cameC．comesD．will come6．Sometimes very young children have trouble ___ the right from the wrong ．A ．for separatingB．to separateC．having separatedD．separating7．______ the saying goes, practice makes perfect．A．SinceB．AsC．ForD．Like8．It is impolite to _____ in others" private affairs ．A．involveB．invadeC．integrateD．interfere9．They thought the program was ___ investigating ．A．worthB．worthyC．worthwhileD．worthing10． To our delight, she quickly ____ herself to the situation ．A．adoptedB．adaptedC．attachedD．appealedII． Cloze Test (10 points, 1point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项．根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．Smoking is harmful to health． Our tobacco-seller, Mr ． Johnson, always asks his customers, if they are very young, whom the cigarettes are bought __11__ ． One day, a little girl whom he had never seen before walked into his shop and demanded twenty cigarettes．She had the __12__ amount of money in her hand and seemed very sure ofherself．Mr ． Johnson was so __13__by her confident manner that he forgot to ask his usualquestion． __14__, he asked her what kind of cigarettes she wanted ．The girl replied readilyand handed him the money．While he was giving her the __15__, Mr ．Johnson said laughinglythat as she was so young she should __16__ the packet in her pocket in case a policeman sawit ．__17__, the little girl did not seem to find it funny．Without even smiling she took thepacket and walked towards the door． Suddenly she stopped, turned __18__, and looked atMr ．Johnson． There was a moment of silence and Mr．Johnson __19__ what she was goingto say．All at once, in a clear, firm voice, she said“My dad is a policeman,” and with thatshe walked quickly __20__ the shop．11． A ．with B ． to C． for D ． by12． A ．exact B．some C． large D． enough13． A ．worried B ． annoyed C． surprised D．pleased14． A ．Therefore B． Instead C．Anyway D ． Somehow15． A ．change B．warning C ．bill D ． cigarettes16． A ．cover B ．hide C．dip D ． take17． A ．Nevertheless B． Moreover C ． Therefore D ．Then18． A ．away B．round C． over D． aside19． A ．wondered B． considered C． doubted D． expected20． A ．into B ．out of C ． on D ．awayIII ．Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage．Most people sometimes feel lonely, but it usually only lasts between minutes and a few hours． This kind of loneliness is not serious ． In fact, it is quite normal ． For some people,thought, loneliness can last for years ．Now researchers say there are three different types ofloneliness．The first kind of loneliness is temporary． This is the most common type．It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention．The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation— for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to new place ．Although this kind of loneliness can causephysical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more thana year．The third kind of loneliness is the most severe ．Unlike the second type, chronic ( 习惯性的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause． People who experience habitual loneliness h ave p roblem socializing and becoming close to others． Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they cando to improve their condition ． Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is aperson"s social contacts, e.g．friends, family members, coworkers, etc ．We depend on variouspeople for different reasons．For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parentsand teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities withus． However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many socialcontacts, they sometimes feel they should have more．They question their own popularity ．Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic lonelinessand serious illness such as heart diseases．While temporary and situational loneliness canbe a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimesdangerous, condition ．21． What can we learn from the passage about temporary loneliness?A ．It requires special attention．B．It is very common and usually disappears quickly ．C．It is serious but it usually disappears quickly ．D．It is as serious as chronic loneliness．22． Though lonely people may have many social contacts, ?A ．they want to socialize with more peopleB．they still need others to guide themC．they still others to support them emotionallyD．they want to question their own popularity23． What kind of loneliness can cause serious illness?A ．Temporary lonelinessB．Situational loneliness ．C．Chronic loneliness．D．Short-term loneliness．24． Why do chronically lonely people need help?A ．Because they have difficulty socializing and chronic loneliness can cause serious illness．B．Because chronic loneliness lasts more than two years．C．Because they think there"s little they can do to improve their condition ．D．Because they think they should have more social contacts．25． According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A ．Only a small number of people feel lonely ．B．Like chronic loneliness, situational loneliness can cause physical problems ．C．Chronically lonely people have no difficulty socializing and becoming close to others．D．All kinds of loneliness are very dangerous ．Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage．Studies show that the world in 2010 will be more crowded, more polluted and less stableecologically (在生态方面) than the world we live in now．Visible ahead is serious stress involving population, resources and environment ． Despite greater food output, people in theworld will be poorer in many ways than they are today ．For hundreds of millions of the extremely poor, the outlook for food and other necessities of life will be no better ． For many it will be worse ．While the economies of the developing countries are expected to grow at a faster rate than those of the industrialized nations, the total national product per head in most lessdeveloped countries remains low ．The existing gap between the rich and poor nations willfurther widen ．World food production is estimated to increase by 90 percent from 1970 to 2010 ．Most of that increase goes to the countries that already have relatively higher per-head food consumption ( 消费 )．Meanwhile, per-head consumption of food in the developing countrieswill scarcely improve or will actually fall far below the present inadequate level． What isworse is prices for food are expected to double．As a result, many less developed countries will have increasing difficulties meeting energy needs． For the one quarter of mankind that depends primarily on wood for fuel, theoutlook is not hopeful ．Regional water shortage will become more severe ． In the 1970-2010 period population growth will require twice as much water as it does today in nearly half the world ．Still greaterincreases would be needed to improve standards of living ． Development of new watersupplies will become more costly ．26． According to the passage, in 2010 while output of food will be greater,．A ．people will have sufficient food supplies ．B．The world resources will become more than enoughC．In most developing countries people will have less food than they have todayD．The living standards of the world"s population will improve greatly27． According to the author, in 2010 for many poor people,．A ．things will get even worseB．things will be a little betterC．it will be necessary for them to improve their housingD．it will be impossible to obtain enough necessities of life28． In the 1970-2010 period, the large proportion of global increase of food production goes ．A ．to 90 percentB．to developing countriesC．to any country in the world that needs itD．to those countries that already have high per head consumption29． How does the author predict the development of new water supplies in the future?A ．Water shortage will occur in some regions onlyB．Development of new water supplies will be more expensive ．C．The less developed countries need more water than the developed ones．D．The demand for water will double with the growing population．30． Which of the following may best serve as the title of this passage?A ．the Future problems in the World ．B．Water and Air Pollution ．C．Water and Food ShortagesD．Food Production and ConsumptionPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage．The World Trade Organization (WTO), founded on January 1, 1995, aims to encourage international trade to flow as freely as possible, making sure that trade agreements are respected and that any disputes can be settled．In the five years since its founding, the WTO has become well known as one of the world"s most powerful economic organizations, taking its place alongside the World Bank and International Monetary Fund ( 国际货币基金组织 )．The system of global rules for international trade, however, dates back half a century to 1948 when the General Agreement on Tariffs ( 关税 ) and Trade (GATT) was formed after World War II ．As time went by, it became clear that the GA TT had two major drawbacks — the limitedareas of trade it covered, and the lack of an effective system to settle disputes．After seven years of trade talks ending in 1994, the so-called Uruguay Round ( 乌拉圭回合谈判 ) finally gave birth to the WTO, complete with an effective system to settle disputes and to form new rules covering trade in services and intellectual property ．Even after seven years of talks and with 22,500 pages of agreements reached problems remained, especially in the difficult-to-deal-with areas of agriculture and services ．31． What is the purpose of the WTO?A ．To encourage international trade to flow freely ．B．To make sure that trade agreements are respected．C．To settle any disputes．D．All of the above32． According to the passage ,the GATT stopped working_______ ．A ．in 1948B．in 1994C．after World War Ⅱ endedD．during the seven years of the Uruguay Round talk33.The WTO is better than the GATT in that_____ ．A ．it can settle disputes in more areas of international tradeB．it enables its members to sign agreements more easilyC．it deals with problems in agriculture and services more effectivelyD．it pays more attention to service and intellectual property34.The word “ drawbacks ” in Paragraph 4 means ______．A ．Weak pointsB．Strong pointsC．ImprovementsD．Changes35． According to the last two paragraphs ,which of the following statements is true?A ．The WTO is the world"s most powerful economic organizationB．The GATT was founded in Uruguay in 1995C．The WTO has an effective system to settle disputes and to form new rulesD．All the countries in the world are member nations of the WTOⅣ.Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)36．情况，地位 n． s________37．星期三 n．W___________38．分解，解决 vt． r______39．昆虫n． I______40．高贵的，贵族的a．n______41．拒绝，驳回vt． r_______42．服从，听从vt． o______43．愿意的，乐意的a．w________44．无数的a．n______45．捆扎vt．p______46．地平线n．h______47．在更远处prep． B______48．折叠vt．f_______49．集合vt．a______50．反对，使相对vt．o______51．事件，比赛项目n．t_____52．应当，应该aux． o_______53．题目，主题n． t______54．贴切的，有关的a．r________55．雌的，女性的a． f______Ⅴ.Word Form( 10 points, 1 point for each item)56.The governor"s wife persuaded him_____ (not, accept) that man"s money．57． _____(lie ) under a tree ,Mary was thinking how to teach her daughter English effectively58.Promotion is not based on the ____(long) of employment only ．59.His _____(curious) about the earth led him to a great discovery．60.Her compositions show that she is a very _____(imagine) child ．61.She spent____(little) time on writing than on other language skills ．62.Your hair needs____(cut )． It is too long ．63.The two cars collided with each other,___(cause) a traffic jam ．64.I have no choice but _____(wait) ．65.He would like to have the work _____(do) perfectly ．Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)66．茶和咖啡，你比较喜欢哪一种？67．昨天要不是生病，她就来了。

高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)(00595)—课文详单

课程其它快速阅读自考00595课文详单主课Lesson 1 A day's Wait The Death ClockAttitude is Everything Lesson 2The Open WindowIf I Were a Boy Again April Foll's DayLesson 3Bringing Up ChildrenLearning How to Behave The Value of Education Lesson 4American Social Relations NullCommunities for Future Generation in the US Generation in the US Lesson 5New Applications Null Welcome to Our Bank Lesson 6The Wrong HouseNullThe LunchLesson 7Art For Heart's Sake A Musical Genius London Art Gallery Lesson 8The Luncheon Null The English Character L n 9Cind r ll Wh t i H inLesson 9Cinderella Null What is Happiness Lesson 10The NecklaceNullThe Lost Gold PieceLesson 11Lady in the Dark Louis Braille The Police and the Intelligence Agents Lesson 12Three Days to See My Teacher Helen KellerLesson 13Ture LoveNull Why I Want a Wife Lesson 14The Time MachineNull Social ClassesLesson 15The Celebrated Jumping Forg of Calavers County NullTwo kinds of FootballLesson 16How to Avoid the Foolish Opinions Shall We Chosse Death?Forgiveness and Self-respect Lesson 17Bricks form the Tower of the Babel Globa EnglishEnglish World-Wide L 18N b l C i tiLesson 18What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Cannot The Influence of Other Languages on Einglish Nonverbal Counication Lesson 19The Lady or the TigerNull Life or DeathLesson 20Opportunities Where You Are NullEmthusiasm Leads to Success Lesson 21PromethusGreek MythologyPandora's BoxHow did the days of the Week Lesson 22The Story of the Bible The Impotrance of the BibleHow did the days of the WeekGet Their Names?Lesson 23Inaugural Address Null Nancy Reagan: He was the Eternal Optimist Lesson 24The Joys of WritingLetter writing-A Forgotten Art?Winston Churchill: His Other LifeLesson 25The Constitution of the United States President of the United States Three Branches of the Federal GovernmentL 26Th W ld t W Th W ld W Ⅱi B i fU it d N ti Lesson 26The World at WarThe World at War Ⅱ in Brief United Nations Lesson 27Death of a Salesman (Ⅰ)Biography of Arthur Miller Miller' Theatre and Miller' Ideas Lesson 28Death of a Salesman (Ⅱ)Hollywood Marilyn Monroe。

00595英语阅读(一)2018年10月试题和答案

2018年10月，高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语阅读(一Байду номын сангаас课程（课程代码00595）的试卷共15页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。考生在答题时需特别注意：所有试题必须在专用的答题卡上作答，试卷上的作答将视为无效，试卷空白处和背面可作草稿纸使用；选择题部分需使用2B铅笔将答题卡上相应题号的代码涂黑；非选择题部分则需注明大、小题号，并使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答；答题时务必合理安排空间，超出答题区域的作答将无效。这份试卷严格遵循了高等教育自学考试的规范，旨在全面考察考生的英语阅读能力。

2018年10月真题英语自考答案

2018年10月真题英语自考答案1. What ________ nice day! Let's go for a picnic. [单选题] *A. a(正确答案)B. anC. theD. /答案解析：句意：多么好天气啊！让我们去野餐吧。

考查冠词辨析。

a和an 是不定冠词，修饰可数名词单数形式，表示泛指一个……，a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，修饰名词表示特指。

根据句子结构可知，这句话是一个感叹句，句型是What a+形容词+可数名词单数。

故选A。

2. The wild animals are in danger now. Let's protect ________. [单选题] *A. theyB. them(正确答案)C. theirD. theirs答案解析：句意：野生动物现在处于危险之中。

让我们一起保护它们吧。

考查人称代词宾格。

they它们，人称代词主格；them它们，人称代词宾格；their它们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs它们的，名词性物主代词。

根据“protect”可知，空处需要人称代词宾格作动词protect的宾语，故选B。

3. The bank is _________ the left of the supermarket. It's not far. [单选题] *A. inB. forC. on(正确答案)D. at答案解析：句意：银行在超市的左边。

距离并不远。

考查介词辨析。

in在……里；for为了；on在……上；at后接小地点。

根据the left of the supermarket，可知，此空表示“在超市的左边”，固定搭配：on the left of“在……的左边”，所以空格处填on。

故选C。

4. I don't know how to make a speech in public. Can you give me some _________? [单选题] *A. waterB. moneyC. foodD. advice(正确答案)答案解析：句意：我不知道如何在公共场所发表演讲。

10月全国自考综合英语一试题及答案解析

从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并填入答题纸相应位置。

2018自考英语试题及参考答案解析

2018自考英语试题及参考答案解析第一部分：阅读判断(第1～10题，每题1分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句信息文中没有提及，选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Animals in the CityRecently, there have been many reports in newspapers and on TV about big animals coming into towns and cities. What happens when big animals come into our cities? Is it a good thing or is it dangerous for us and the animals?Wild animals usually come into cities to look for food. In Cape Town, South Africa, baboons(狒狒)sometimes come into the suburbs. They eat fruit from gardens and go into people's kitchens! Baboons are strong animals and sometimes they scare children and fight with pet dogs. Many people do not like them, but the city can be dangerous for baboons too.Sometimes, baboons are hurt in car accidents. The city council in Cape Town has a team of Baboon Monitors. Their job is to find baboons in the city and take them back to the countryside. The problem is that a lot of baboons will come back to the city to find food again.In Berlin Germany, groups of wild pigs sometimes come into the city to look for food. They eat flowers and plants and dig in gardens and parks in the city. They also walk in the street and cause traffic accidents. Some city residents like the pigs and give them food. But the city council is worried about the traffic accidents. They have told people to stop giving the pigs food and have put up fences to stop the pigs from coming into the city.In Moscow, Russia, there are 35,000 wild dogs. They live in parks, empty houses, markets and train stations. Some of the dogs were pets that people did not want, so they left them on the streets. Others were born on the streets and have always lived there. A lot of people like them and are used to seeing them on the streets. They give the dogs food and water. They even build small huts for the dogs to live in during the very cold winter.1.【题干】Many news reports concern big animals in the city.【选项】A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given【答案】B【解析】原文说：Recently, there have been many reports in newspapers and on TV about big animals coming into towns and cities.报道的是大型动物进入城市这一行为，而题干为报道的是在城市中的大型动物。

(全新整理)10月自考试题及答案解析英国文学选读浙江试卷及答案解析

浙江省2018年10月高等教育自学考试英国文学选读试题课程代码：10054Ⅰ.Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.(10%)Section AA B(1)Daniel Defoe ( ) A. The Pilgrim’s Progress(2)Charles Dickens ( ) B. The Silver Box(3)John Bunyan ( ) C. Robinson Crusoe(4)Richard Sheridan ( ) D. A Tale of Two Cities(5)John Galsworthy ( ) E. The School for ScandalSection BA B(1) Jane Eyre( ) A. Irene(2) The Man of Property( ) B. Mr. Rochester(3) The Merchant of Venice( ) C. Satan(4) Paradise Lost( ) D. Sophia Western(5) The History of Tom Jones ( ) E. PortiaⅡ.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.(5%)1. In the era of the Renaissance, the humanists made attempts to get rid of those old ______ ideas in medieval Europe.2. The ______ century was an age of prose. A group of excellent writers, such as Swift, Fielding were produced.3. English ______ is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical Ballads.4. In the Victorian period, the______ as a literary genre became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.5. The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot is a poem concerned with the spiritual breakup of a modern1______ in which human life has lost its meaning, significance and purpose.Ⅲ.Each of the following statements is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.(48%)1. During the Renaissance period many European humanist thinkers and scholars did not make efforts to do the following except( )A. to make reformation of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe.B. to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the feudalist.C. to exalt human nature which is capable of individual perfection.D. to prevent the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.2. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the following is not true? ( )A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are brought into full play.C. He praises the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. His youthful Renaissance spirit of jollity is fully reflected.3. As a Renaissance humanist, Shakespeare ( )A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.D. all of the above.4. Which of the following statements about Paradise Lost is true? ( )A. Adam and Eve were driven out of Paradise for their conspiracy with Satan.B. The writer intended to expose the ways of Satan and to justify the ways of God to men.C. Satan, as a rebel to God, was finally defeated and surrendered.D. Satan was finally reconciled with God.5. The 18th-century England is known as ( )A. the Age of PuritanismB. the Age of ReasonC. the Era of CapitalismD. the Age of Glory6. Why did the enlighteners regard education the major means to improve the society and the2people? ( )A. Because most of the human beings were perfect themselves, so only a few needed further education.B. If the common people were well educated, there would be great chance for a democratic and equal human society.C. Because universal education was limited , dualistic, imperfect, and unnecessary.D. Because human beings were not capable of rationality and perfection through education.7. The neoclassicists did not believe that ( )A. the literature should be used to delight and instruct human beings.B. the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy.C. the literary works should be created independently and originally.D. both A and C8. The enlighteners placed much emphasis on reason, because they thought ( )A. reason or rationality should be the only, the final cause of any human thought and activities.B. reason and emotion both could lead to truth and justice.C. superstition was above reason and rationality.D. equality and science was contrary to reason and rationality.9. The middle of the 18th century saw a newly rising literary form—( )A. the modern English novelB. the modern English poetryC. the modern English dramaD. both A and B10. In Robinson Crusoe, the writer glorifies ( )A. pride and happinessB. independence and strong willC. hard work and successD. human labor and the Puritan fortitude11. Which of the following is not Daniel Defoe’s works? ( )A. Gulliver’s TravelsB. Captain SingletonC. Moll FlandersD. Robinson Crusoe12. As a master satirist, Swift’s satire is usually masked by ( )A. outward gravity and apparent earnestnessB. apparent eagerness and sincerityC. pessimism and bitternessD. seemingly gentleness and sweetness13. In the Houyhnhnm land, Gulliver found that ______ were hairy, wild, low and despicable3brutes while ______ are endowed with reason and all good and admirable qualities. ( )A. the horses ... the YahoosB. the horses ... human beingsC. the Yahoos ... the horsesD. the Yahoos ... human beings14. Which of following is true about the poetic aesthetics of William Wordsworth? ( )A. Poetry could call for people’s sympathy to the poetic revolutionB. Poetry could make literature as an expression of individualismC. Poetry could set forth a new critical creed on poetryD. Poetry could purify both individual souls and the society15. Blake’s Songs of Innocence is a lovely volume of poems, presenting a world of ( )A. happiness and innocenceB. hope and experienceC. happiness and miseryD. misery and poverty16. Which of the following statements is true about Wordsworth’s contribution to literature? ( )A. He started the modern novel , the writing of growing inner self.B. He initiated the use of ordinary speech of the English language to poetry.C. He advocated an escape from nature.D. He refused to decorate the truth of experience.17. As to the novel Pride and Prejudice, which of the following statements is not true?( )A. It mainly tells of the love story between Darcy and Elizabeth.B. Darcy and Elizabeth symbolize pride and prejudice respectively.C. Elizabeth and Darcy symbolize pride and prejudice respectively.D. Its original title is drafted as “First Impressions”.18. Which of the following groups belongs to the critical realists of the Victorian Period?( )A. Jane Austen and Emily BronteB. Charles Dickens and Walter ScottC. Thomas Hardy and George EliotD. D. H. Lawrence and James Joyce19. The religious hypocrisy of charity institutions are sharply criticized in the novel ( )A. Oliver TwistB. Wuthering HeightsC. A Tale of Two CitiesD. Jane Eyre20. As to Thomas Hardy’s later works, which of the following statements is true? ( )A. They are regarded as novels of humanity and nature.4B. They are well-known as novels of character and environment.C. They are local-colored novels of nature and character.D. They are classified as novels of environment and nature.21. The 20th-century Modernism is thought to take ______ as its theoretical base. ( )A. the theories of skepticism and disillusion of capitalismB. the pessimistic philosophy and the doctrines of Christian moralityC. the theories of post modernism and existentialismD. the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho analysis22. Which of the following statements is not true about the Theater of Absurd? ( )A. Waiting for Godot is regarded as the most influential play of absurd.B. It concerns more about human beings in an alien and decaying world.C. The most original absurd playwright is G B Shaw.D. It writes about human beings living a meaningless life.23. Which of the following is not written by G. B. Shaw? ( )A. The RainbowB. Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionC. PygmalionD. Widowers’ House24. As to the poem The Waste Land, which of the following statements is true? ( )A. It reflects the disillusionment and despair of a whole pre war generation.B. It presents a panorama of disorder and spiritual desolation in the modern Western world.C. It reflects a prevalent mood of hopefulness and optimism.D. It shows the lost hope of spiritual rebirth in the modern world.Ⅳ.Interpretation(20%)Read the following selections and then answer the questions.(1)To be, or not to be- that is the question;Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune，Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them？To die, to sleep—No more; and by a sleep to say we end5... ...When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin? Who would these fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death—The undiscover’d country, from whose bournNo traveler returns- puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all；And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o’er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pith and moment，With this regard，their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.1. Who is the author of the play? From which play is this passage taken from?2. What can be seen about the hero’s character from the monologue?(2)The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea,The plowman homeward plods his weary way,And leaves the world to darkness and to me.... ...Oft did the harvest to their sickle yield,Their furrow oft the stubborn glebe has broke；How jocund did they drive their team afield!How bowed the woods beneath their sturdy stroke!6Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smileThe short and simple annals of the poor.The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,And all that beauty, all that wealth e’er gave,Awaits alike the inevitable hour.The paths of glory lead but to the grave.3. Who is the author? What school of poets does he belong to?4. Make a brief comment on the artistic features of this poem.（3）Mr. Gamfield gave an arch look at the faces round the table, and, observing a smile on all of them, gradually broke into a smile himself. The bargain was made. Mr. Bumble was at once instructed that Oliver Twist and his indentures were to be conveyed before the magistrate, for signature and approval, that very afternoon.In pursuance of this determination, little Oliver, to his excessive astonishment, was released from bondage, and ordered to put himself into a clean shirt. He had hardly achieved this very unusual gymnastic performance when Mr. Bumble brought him, with his own hands, a basin of gruel and the holiday allowance of two ounces and a quarter of bread. At this tremendous sight, Oliver began to cry very piteously, thinking, not unnaturally, that the board must have determined to kill him for some useful purpose, or they never would have begun to fatten him up in that way. “Don’t make your eyes red, Oliver, but eat your food and be thankful,” said Mr. Bumble, in a tone of impressive pomposity. “You’re a going to be made a’prentice of, Oliver.”‘A’prentice, sir!’ said the child, trembling.“Yes, Oliver,” said Mr. Bumble. “The kind and blessed gentlemen which is so many parents to you, Oliver, when you have none of your own, are going to a’prentice y ou, and to set you up in life, and make a man of you, although the expense to the parish is three pound ten! — three pound ten, Oliver! —seventy shillings —one hundred and forty sixpences! —and all for a naughty orphan which nobody can’t love.”7As Mr. Bumble paused to take breath, after delivering this address in an awful voice, the tears rolled down the poor child’s face, and he sobbed bitterly.“Come,”said Mr. Bumble, somewhat less pompously, for it was gratifying to his feelings to observe the effect his eloquence had produced，“Come, Oliver! Wipe your eyes with the cuffs of your jacket, and don’t cry into your gruel; that’s a very foolish acti on, Oliver.” It certainly was, for there was quite enough water in it already.5. What can be shown according to the boy’s experience in the workhouse?Ⅴ.Give brief answers to the following questions.(17%)1. State the major characteristics of the critical realism in the Victorian Period.2. State briefly the features of Lawrence’s psychological realism.8。

10月全国自考高级英语试题及答案解析

全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试高级英语试题课程代码：00600Ⅰ. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (12 points, 0.5 point for each)·The fact is significant. To what is it 1 ? In part, I suppose, to a general increase in 2 . The rich have always 3 their personal appearance. The 4 of wealth —such as it is —now allows those of the 5 who are less 6 than their fathers to do the same.·The 7 of aging and eventual death must ultimately be accepted as the natural 8 of the life cycle, the old 9 their prescribed life spans and 10 way for the young. Much that is11 in old age in fact derives from the reality of aging and the 12 of death.·News of Harlem rioting 13 the multi-national student 14 there. The typical European15 was unlike anything I had seen before. They had no homes or businesses to worry aboutproecting. They want to know why Negroes did not riot more often. 16 the only Negro in the summer 17 I felt embarrassed for a time. I was embarrassed because I did not have any18 .·The investigation was not 19 so that veterans could 20 out their hearts or 21 their souls; it was 22 to prove that the policy of the U.S. in Indochina is tantamount 23 genocide, and that not only the soldiers are responsible 24 what is happening, but that everyone here in America is responsible.Ⅱ. There are fifteen sentences with a blank in each, followed by a list of words or1expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (15 points, 1 point for each)25. Old age is neither inherently miserable nor inherently sublime —like every stage of life ithas problems, joys, fears and ______.26. Nobody spoke but Elgie came over, his ______ eyes filled with sorrow and misery.27. Some men drew the first slip which touched their fingers; others seemed to ______ that fatewas trying to force on them a particular slip.28. Science, to my mind, is applied honesty, the one reliable means we have to ______ truth.29. Product leaders have a (n) ______ interest in protecting the entrepreneurial environment thatthey have created.30. Yet medical ______ that are hardly any better undoubtedly continue, almost as a matter ofmacabre routine, in America, Britain and many other countries.31. Taking these fables to heart, I would resolve to do likewise, and, going to bed, would ______my teeth, look as determined as possible in the darkness.32. Similarly, in any ______ regime, the holders of power become increasingly tyrannical withexperience of the delights that power can afford.33. The wealth qualification for the aspiring politicians is taken for granted; a governmentalsystem ______ the promotion of personal wealth in a few selected areas will never act for the public good.34. A curious, most unchildlike ______, a controlled impatience, made him wait.35. It’s just that Elvis managed to ______ the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s.36. As I moved my chair a little nearer suddenly with one catlike movement both her hands______ instinctively for my eyes and she almost reached them too.37. It may be old-fashioned, but I was taught that thought is words, arranged in grammatically______ ways.38. The ______ of long-remembered lives was mirrored in his eyes, and the memory of cunningcurves executed in the moving shadows from reed to reed …was almost pictured there. 39. If a salesman’s wife dies and he is not ready to remarry, he is usually moved into a(n) ______position after several months of mourning.2Ⅲ. Each of the following sentences is given two choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)40. If you have ______ someone who has had a misfortune, you are sorry for them, and show it inthe way you behave towards them.A. sympathy withB. sympathy for41. Get out. Stop ______ your teacher with such silly questions.A. tormentingB. abusing42. The umpire ______ a coin to decide which team should serve first.A. threwB. tossed43. ______ between companies is something good for the development of the economy.A. HostilityB. Rivalry44. It was embarrassing that my mother didn’t ______ you. It looked as though it were our fault.A. take toB. take after45. A spy should be able to ______ what he has found as quickly as possible.A. memorizeB. remember46. He was enormously ______ when my father died.A. sycophanticB. sympathetic47. He ______ left and right as the gunman opened fire.A. dodgedB. evaded48. The elderly woman was so ______ as to believe that she will die if she touches the stone.A. superstitiousB. ignorant49. The responsibility for the future of the company ______ heavily on the newly-electedpresident.A. weighsB. weights50. I don’t believe that her poems are still in ______.A. transcriptB. manuscript51. I can’t come to your wedding, but I will be with you ______; I will think about you.A. in spiritB. in spirits52. The servant was down on his knees, ______ the floor.3A. sweepingB. scrubbing53. Urgent measures must be taken now to ______ water resources.A. conserveB. preserve54. The police have ______ three suspects from their inquiry.A. eliminatedB. illuminatedRead the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵand Ⅶ.Why Are Students Turned Off?(1)Ellen Glanz lied to her teacher about why she hadn’t done her homework ; but, of course, many students have lied to their teachers. The difference is that Ellen Glanz was a twenty –eight – year – old high school social studies teacher who was a student for six months to improve her teaching by gaining a fresh perspective of her school.(2)She found many classes boring, students doing as little as necessary to pass tests and get good grades, students using ruses (借口) to avoid assignments, and students manipulating teachers to do the work for them. She concluded that many students are turned off because they have little power and responsibility for their own education.(3)Ellen Glanz found herself doing the same things as the students. There was the day when Glanz wanted to join her husband in helping friends celebrate the purchase of a house, but she had homework for a math class. For the first time, she knew how teenagers feel when they think something is more important than homework.(4)She found a way out and confided:“I considered my options: Confess openly to the teacher, copy someone else’s sheet, or make up an excuse.”Glanz chose the third option- the one most widely used – and told the teacher that the pages needed to complete the assignment had been ripped from the book. The teacher accepted the story, never checking the book. In class, nobody else did the homework; and student after student mumbled responses when called upon.(5)“Finally,”Glanz said,“the teacher, thinking that the assignment must have been difficult, went over each question at the board while students copied the problems at their seats. The teacher had ‘covered’ the material and the students had listened to the explanation. But had anything been learned? I don’t think so.”4(6)Glanz found this kind of thing common. “In many classes,” she said, “people simply didn’t do the work assignment, but copied from someone else or nanipulated the teacher into doing the work for them.”(7)“The system encourages incredible passivity,”Glanz said.“In most classes one sits and listens.A teacher, whose role is activity, simply cannot understand the passivity of the student’s role,”she said.“When I taught,”Glanz recalled,“my mind was going constantly – figuring out how to best present an idea, thinking about whom to call on, whom to draw out, whom to shut up; how to get students involved, how to make my point clearer, how to respond; when to be funny, when serious. As a student, I experienced little of this. Everything was done to me.”(8)Class methods promote the feeling that students have little control over or responsibility for their own education because the agenda is the teacher’s, Glanz said. The teacher is convinced the subject matter is worth knowing, but the student may not agree. Many students, Glanz said, are not convinced they need to know what teachers teach; but they believe good grades are needed to get into college.(9)Students, obsessed with getting good grades to help qualify for the college of their choice , believe the primary responsibility for their achievement rests with the teacher, Glanz said. “It was his responsibility to teach well rather than their responsibility to learn carefully.”(10)Teachers were regarded by students, Glanz said, not as “people,”but as “role - players”who dispensed information needed to pass a test. “I often heard students describing teachers as drips, bores, and numerous varieties of idiots,”she said.“Yet I knew that many of the same people had traveled the world over, conducted fascinating experiments or learned three languages, or were accomplished musicians, artists, or athletes.”(11)But the sad reality, Glanz said, is the failure of teachers to recognize their tremendous communications gap with students. Some students, she explained, believe that effort has little value. Some have heard reports of unemployment among college graduates and others, and after seeing political corruption they conclude that honesty takes a back seat to getting ahead any way one can, she said.“I sometimes estimated that half to two – thirds of a class cheated on a given test,”Glanz said. “Worse, I’ve encountered students who feel no remorse(自责)about cheating but are annoyed that a teacher has confronted them on their actions.”5(12)Glanz has since returned to teaching at Lincoln – Sudbury. Before her period as a student, she would worry that perhaps she was demanding too much. “Now I know I should have demanded more,”she said. Before, she was quick to accept the excuses of students who came to class unprepared. Now she says, “You are responsible for learning it.”But a crackdown is only a small part of the solution.(13)The larger issue, Glanz said, is that educators must recognize that teachers and students, though physically in the same school, are in separate worlds and have an on –going power struggle.“A first step toward ending this battle is to convince students that what we attempt to teach them is genuinely worth knowing,”Glanz said. “We must be sure, ourselves, that what we are teaching is worth knowing.”No longer, she emphasized, do students assume that “teacher knows best.”Ⅳ. There are ten incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (10 points, 1 point for each)55. A good alternative title for the selection would be .A. How to Get Good GradesB. Why Students Dislike SchoolC. Cheating in Our SchoolD. Students Who Manipulate Teachers56. best sums up the selection.A.“Ellen Glanz is an indifferent teacher”B.“Ellen Glanz lied to her math teacher”C.“Students need good grades to get into college”D.“Teachers and students feel differently about school”57. According to paragraph 10, teachers were regarded .A. only as those who could help students to pass a testB. as those who could offer all kinds of information neededC. as those who could help students in various waysD. as those who could play different roles to students, especially giving out information58. As a result of her experience, Glanz now .A. accepts more of her students’ excuses6B. doesn’t care about her students’ excusesC. a ccepts less of her students’ excusesD. takes her students’ excuses more seriously59. According to Glanz, it was common for students .A. to force their teacher to work for themB. to escape the most difficult work assignmentC. to get over with their work assignment with less effortD. to assign somebody to work for them60. After seeing political corruption, students concluded that .A. one can do anything in order to become successful, honesty is not importantB. as long as honesty is there, one can become successfulC. one can be successful anyway, whether one is honest or notD. honesty is more important than to become successful anyway61. The author implies that .A. few students cheat on testsB. most students enjoy schoolworkC. classroom teaching methods should he changedD. classroom teaching methods were not bad62. From the selection we know that .A. Glanz should not have become a student againB. Glanz is a better teacher than she was beforeC. Glanz later told her math teacher that she had liedD. Glanz regretted having lied to her math teacher63. The author implies that .A. most students who cheat on tests are caught by their teachersB. most teachers demand too little of their studentsC. students who get good grades in high school do so in collegeD. students never agree with what teachers say64. The writer’s purpose in writing this selection is .A. to question Ellen Glanz’s experienceB. to agree with Ellen GlanzC. to disagree with Ellen GlanzD. to report Ellen Glanz’s storyⅤ. There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices7A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underlined part and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (10 points, 2 points for each)65. … to improve her teaching by gaining a fresh perspective of her school.A. by having another ideaB. by making one more discoveryC. by developing a deeper definitionD. by getting a new outlook66. ... or make up an excuse.A. offer an apologyB. form an explanationC. invent a reasonD. give a reason67. The teacher accepted the story, never checking the book.A. The teacher believed in what Glanz said and didn’t examine the book.B. The book was not checked because the teacher liked the good story.C. The teacher didn’t care what had happened and didn’t do anything about the book.D. Glanz made the teacher believe her and the teacher didn’t look at the story book.68. The teacher had ‘covered’ the materi al…A. had dealt with all the questionsB. had finished the assignmentC. had discussed the written workD. had delivered the information69. Students, obsessed with getting good grades to help qualify for the college of theirchoice, …A. to help satisfy their desire to go to a certain collegeB. to help meet the requirements for the college they want to attendC. to help fulfill their expectations to enter good collegesD. to help succeed in getting good qualities for their chosen collegesⅥ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (10 points, 2 points for each)70. She found many classes boring, students doing as little as necessary to pass tests and get goodgrades, students using ruses to avoid assignments, and students manipulating teachers to do the work for them.71. Class methods promote the feeling that students have little control over or responsibility for8their own education because the agenda is the teacher’s Glanz said.72. When I taught, my mind was going constantly –figuring out how to best present an idea,thinking about whom to call on, whom to draw out, whom to shut up.73. Worse, I’ve encountered students who feel no remorse about cheating but are annoyed that ateacher has confronted them on their actions.74. The larger issue, Glanz said, is that educators must recognize that teachers and students,though physically in the same school, are in separate worlds and have an on – going power struggle.Ⅶ. Answer the following essay question in English within 80 –100 words. write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(10 points)75. What does Glanz think are the main problems in school education?Ⅷ. Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (18 points, 2 points each for 76 –80, 8 points for 81)76．现在，电视中的新闻报道常常是肤浅的，不充分的；画面常常凌驾于观点之上。

(全新整理)10月全国自学考试英语写作试卷及答案解析

全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试英语写作试题课程代码：00603全部题目用英文作答I．Supply the missing paragraph(20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing．Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words．Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided．Why People Should ExerciseIn the past, I had never been inclined to participate in sports. Honestly, I didn’t like it, but many persons whom I lived with kept telling me every day how good it was. Since the peer pressure was growing, I decided to go to the gym. It wasn’t until then that I could really understand people when they said exercise really helped a person get organized and keep healthy, physically and mentally."For starters, if you are a lazy person, it is difficult to take the first step. But it is all a matter of committing yourself to something that will provide you with much positive feedback. Once you start exercising and observing positive results, you will actually enjoy it. It takes much effort and a strong will, but it’s worth it. The principal thing to do is to take up a sport you like. If you do, you will start organizing your day in a way that enables you to do whatever you have to, including exercising. You will no longer be a person stressed-out without time to carry on with all your activities.Moreover, exercising is good because it affects you positively in a mental and psychological way. Exercising helps you set specific goals which, along with a strong will, can be achieved. When reaching the goals, you come to know your abilities and your weaknesses, and your self-esteem is enhanced. Any sport relieves stress because it distracts you from thinking about school, work, or your problems, among other things. It helps keep you uplifted and avoidunhealthy habits like indulgence in TV and computer games.Exercising is ver y important to any person of any age. The positive effects, which I’ve already mentioned, are like a chain. Once you take up a sport that you like, you become better organized. Therefore, you start doing things the right way and enjoy enormous benefits. As a result, you feel good as a healthy human being. You start living your life happily.II．Write an outline (20 points)Read the following passage carefully and compose a“topic outline”for it．Africas-When many people hear the word “Africa”, inevitably they picture steaming jungles and gorillas and other wild animals. Hollywood films have shrunk the public image of this immense, varied continent into a small segment of its actual diversity. To have a more accurate picture of the whole continent, however, one should remember that the continent can be roughly divided into three Africas: the northern desert areas, the southeastern grasslands, and the tropical jungles to the southwest, each with its distinct climate and terrain and with a style of life suited to the environment.The northern regions have the environment and living patterns of the desert. Egypt, Libya, Algeria, and Morocco have hot, dry climates with very little land suited to farming. Green fields cannot be easily seen. Therefore, the population tends to be clustered into cities along rivers or the seacoast or into smaller settlements near oases. For thousands of years, people have lived in this vast region, relying partly on what the land could offer such as crops and animals they could raise and partly on trade with Europe.The southeastern grasslands provide a better environment for animal life and for some kinds of crops. Many wild animals inhabit the plains in this region—elephants, giraffes, rhinoceros, antelopes, zebras, and lions. The people in this area have long been expert cattle raisers and experienced hunters. Tea, coffee, cotton, cashew nuts, and tobacco are some of the main products grown in this region. Fishing also provides some food and income for people along the coast. The population here is less concentrated in cities and towns than in the north, but tends to be denser in areas where adequate rainfall and fertile soil make farming possible.West Africa is the region closest to the Hollywood image of mysterious jungles. As in theother two regions, the way people make a living depends upon their environment. This does not mean that most of the people live in grass huts in the jungle. In fact, such nations as Nigeria have become highly modernized by income from oil, timber, and minerals. Most of the western countries have some farming that provides food and income; sugar cane, coffee, and tobacco are the important cash crops, while bananas, rich, and corn are raised for food. Fishing in the rivers and along the coast also accounts for food and income, and precious stones, especially diamonds, enhance the economy of countries like Angola and the Ivory Coast.Even a superficial look at the major regions of Africa shows that it is a continent with varied environments. Although most of the continent is tropical in its range of temperature, the climate ranges from deserts to rain forests. Similarly, human lifestyles vary from the simplest rural villages to industrial cities, both new and ancient. Contrary to the myth, however, jungle life makes up only a very small portion of the whole of Africa.III. Compose an essay (60 points)Nowadays, many old buildings are being replaced by new constructions. Some people think that they should be knocked down to make way for the new ones. Others think that they should be preserved, for they are part of our history. What is your opinion Write a 300-word expository essay stating your views.。

2018年10月自考英语(一)考试真题及答案

2018年10月自考英语（一）考试真题及答案
第一部分：阅读判断(第l～10题，每题l分，共
10分)
下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内
容对每个句子作出判断：如果
该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的
是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的
信息文中没有提及，选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上
将答案选项涂黑。

<br>
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(第16～25题，每题l分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第l6～20题后所给的6个
选项中为第1～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)从第21～25题后所给的6个选
项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将正确选项的字母写在答题卡上。

第四部分：填甸补文(第26～30题，每题2分，共10分)，<br>
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容
将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，请将正确选项的字母写在答题卡上。

第五部分：填词补文(第31～40题，每题l.5分，共l5分)<br>
下面的短文有l0处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中l0个取自短文，请根据短文
内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，请将正确选项的字母写在答题卡上。

<br>
参考答案。

英语阅读一00595自考答案

英语阅读一00595自考答案1. Fast food restaurants are popular with many kinds of people around the world, and they are popular with children, too. One reason is that many fast food restaurants now give people a toy with their meal.Most fast food restaurants make a series of toys, usually about six, for people to collect. The collectors are not only children, many adults also enjoy collecting the toys. Some people collect the toys over many years. The toys are from dolls and soft toys like Teddy bears to model cars, trucks and electronic toys such as Tamagochis. Some of the older toy collections are worth a lot of money today-There are now several websites where collectors can buy and sell the toys, or chat about their collections online with other collectors.1. Many people buy and sell their toys_____. [单选题] *A. at meetingsB. in fast food restaurantsC. on the Internet(正确答案)D. at school2. Fast food restaurants are popular with many kinds of people around the world, and they are popular with children, too. One reason is that many fast food restaurants now give people a toy with their meal.Most fast food restaurants make a series of toys, usually about six, for people to collect. The collectors are not only children, many adults also enjoy collecting the toys. Some people collect the toys over many years. The toys are from dolls and soft toys like Teddy bears to model cars, trucks and electronic toys such as Tamagochis. Some of the older toy collections are worth a lot of money today-There are now several websites where collectors can buy and sell the toys, or chat about their collections online with other collectors.2.Fast food restaurants are popular with _____ around the world. [单选题] *A. many kinds of people(正确答案)B. only childrenC. only adultsD. only women3. Fast food restaurants are popular with many kinds of people around the world, and they are popular with children, too. One reason is that many fast food restaurants now give people a toy with their meal.Most fast food restaurants make a series of toys, usually about six, for people to collect. The collectors are not only children, many adults also enjoy collecting the toys. Some people collect the toys over many years. The toys are from dolls and soft toys like Teddy bears to model cars, trucks and electronic toys such as Tamagochis. Some of the older toy collections are worth a lot of money today-There are now several websites where collectors can buy and sell the toys, or chat about their collections online with other collectors.3. Which of the following is true? [单选题] *A. Some of the toys from fast food restaurants are worth lots of money.(正确答案)B. Many fast food restaurants give free meals to children.C. Some restaurants give electronic gifts like CD players.D. Six types of fast food restaurants give away toys.4. Have you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don't want to work, you stay inbed, feeling very sad.What makes us ill? It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope (显微镜) . They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.Germs aren't found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(割开处), some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.1. What is a microscope used for?[单选题] *A. Making very small things look much bigger.(正确答案)B. Making very big things look much smaller.C. Helping you read some newspapers.D. Helping you if you can't see things clearly.5. Have you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don't want to work, you stay in bed, feeling very sad.What makes us ill? It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope (显微镜) . They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.Germs aren't found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(割开处), some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.2. Why don't you parents let you drink dirty water?[单选题] *A. You haven't looked at it carefullyB. Water can't be drunk in this way.C. There must be lots of germs in it.(正确答案)D. Water will make you ill.6. Have you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don't want to work, you stay in bed, feeling very sad.What makes us ill? It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope (显微镜) . They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.Germs aren't found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(割开处), some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.3. What's the main idea of the passage?[单选题] *A. Germs may make us ill.(正确答案)B. Germs are in dirty water.C. Don't drink dirty water.D. Take care of your fingers7. Hello! I'm Tommy. I'm from America. Now I live in China with my parents and my sister.We like China and Chinese food. Chinese food is good for our health. We usually have eggs and noodles for breakfast. For lunch we have rice, vegetables, chicken and a bowl of soup.Sometimes we have some dumplings for dinner. We don't like fast food like hamburgers and French fries. They are unhealthy food.1. Where is Tommy from?[单选题] *A. America(正确答案)B. ChinaC. CanadaD. Japan8. Hello! I'm Tommy. I'm from America. Now I live in China with my parents and my sister.We like China and Chinese food. Chinese food is good for our health. We usually have eggs and noodles for breakfast. For lunch we have rice, vegetables, chicken and a bowl of soup.Sometimes we have some dumplings for dinner. We don't like fast food like hamburgersand French fries. They are unhealthy food.2. What do Tommy's families have for breakfast?[单选题] *А. Eggs and noodles(正确答案)В. Eggs and vegetablesC. Chicken and vegetablesD. Eggs and chicken.9. Hello! I'm Tommy. I'm from America. Now I live in China with my parents and my sister.We like China and Chinese food. Chinese food is good for our health. We usually have eggs and noodles for breakfast. For lunch we have rice, vegetables, chicken and a bowl of soup.Sometimes we have some dumplings for dinner. We don't like fast food like hamburgers and French fries. They are unhealthy food.3. Do they like fast food?[单选题] *A. Yes, they do.B. No, they don't.(正确答案)C. It's not mentioned.D. Yes, they don't10. Linda Smith works at the school clinic. Yesterday afternoon, two students visited her office.The first one was John, a very fat boy. He said that he had a stomachache and felt uncomfortable all day. Linda asked what he had for lunch. Sam said that he had 3 bighamburgers and a large box of ice-cream. What a huge lunch!" said Dr. Smith. Well, it is nothing serious. Just remember to exercise more and eat less!"Sara was the second. It was a very cold day, but she was in a very short skirt. She looked pale, had a runny nose and kept coughing all the time. After a careful check, Dr. Smith said, You’ve caught a cold. It is not serious. Take the pills three times a day for 3 days. Remember to wear warmer clothes on cold days."What a busy afternoon!1. What's wrong with John?[单选题] *A. He is very fat.B. He has a stomachache.(正确答案)C. He eats less.D. He takes a lot of exercises.11. Linda Smith works at the school clinic. Yesterday afternoon, two students visited her office.The first one was John, a very fat boy. He said that he had a stomachache and felt uncomfortable all day. Linda asked what he had for lunch. Sam said that he had 3 big hamburgers and a large box of ice-cream. What a huge lunch!" said Dr. Smith. Well, it is nothing serious. Just remember to exercise more and eat less!"Sara was the second. It was a very cold day, but she was in a very short skirt. She looked pale, had a runny nose and kept coughing all the time. After a careful check, Dr. Smith said, You’ve caught a cold. It is not serious. Take the pills three times a day for 3 days. Remember to wear warmer clothes on cold days."What a busy afternoon!2. What's wrong with Sara?[单选题] *A. She feels very cold.B. She doesn't cough.C. She has caught a cold.(正确答案)D. She wears warm clothes.12. Linda Smith works at the school clinic. Yesterday afternoon, two students visited her office.The first one was John, a very fat boy. He said that he had a stomachache and felt uncomfortable all day. Linda asked what he had for lunch. Sam said that he had 3 big hamburgers and a large box of ice-cream. What a huge lunch!" said Dr. Smith. Well, it is nothing serious. Just remember to exercise more and eat less!"Sara was the second. It was a very cold day, but she was in a very short skirt. She looked pale, had a runny nose and kept coughing all the time. After a careful check, Dr. Smith said, You’ve caught a cold. It is not serious. Take the pills three times a day for 3 days. Remember to wear warmer clothes on cold days."What a busy afternoon!3. What does Linda do?[单选题] *A. She is very busy.B. She is not very busy.C. She is not a doctor.D. She is a doctor.(正确答案)13. On a small farm, there is no school. A bus is the school. The driver of the bus is the teacher. It's a school bus, but it doesn't take the children to school. It just goes round from place to place, and sometimes it comes to this farm. The bus will stay here for three months. Every time when the bus comes, the farmers will come, running to it, shouting and laughing. They warmly welcome the school bus.When the bus is on the farm, in the morning, the teacher teaches the small children. In the afternoon, the bigger children come to have their lessons because they must work in the morning. At night, the fathers and mothers come to school. They want to learn, too. And the farmers hope that they can have a real school on their farm.1. The bus school will _______[单选题] *A. take the children to schoolB. stay here for a long timeC. take the fathers and mothers to schoolD. go round from place to place(正确答案)14. On a small farm, there is no school. A bus is the school. The driver of the bus is the teacher. It's a school bus, but it doesn't take the children to school. It just goes round from place to place, and sometimes it comes to this farm. The bus will stay here for three months. Every time when the bus comes, the farmers will come, running to it, shouting and laughing. They warmly welcome the school bus.When the bus is on the farm, in the morning, the teacher teaches the small children. In the afternoon, the bigger children come to have their lessons because they must work in the morning. At night, the fathers and mothers come to school. They want to learn, too. And the farmers hope that they can have a real school on their farm.2. When the school bus comes, farmers will___.[单选题] *A. stop workingВ. warmly welcome itC. be happyD. both B and C(正确答案)15. On a small farm, there is no school. A bus is the school. The driver of the bus is the teacher. It's a school bus, but it doesn't take the children to school. It just goes round from place to place, and sometimes it comes to this farm. The bus will stay here for three months. Every time when the bus comes, the farmers will come, running to it, shouting and laughing. They warmly welcome the school bus.When the bus is on the farm, in the morning, the teacher teaches the small children. In the afternoon, the bigger children come to have their lessons because they must work in the morning. At night, the fathers and mothers come to school. They want to learn, too. And the farmers hope that they can have a real school on their farm.3. From the passage, we know.[单选题] *A The bus can take children to real schoolB. farmers don't like school busC. the farmer can be teachersD. farmers want a real school on the farm(正确答案)16. 阅读下列文章,判断以下3道题的正(T)误(F )。

10月试卷及答案解析浙江自考英语教学论

浙江省2018年10月高等教育自学考试英语教学论试题课程代码：10057一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题2分，共20分)Section I: Basic Theories and PrinciplesQuestions 1-10 are based on this part.Directions: Choose the best answer for the following questions and write your answers in the brackets.1. Language acquisition refers to（）.A. the way we acquire our second language with the teacher’s teachingB. the way we acquire our knowledge of the worldC. the way we acquire our mother tongue without consciously or formally learning itD. the way we acquire our knowledge of the grammar of the mother tongue2. Principles of the communicative approach hold that（）.A. activities should involve real communication to promote learningB. exercises in which language is used for knowledge of grammar promote learningC. language that is repeated in class supports the learning processD. reading aloud texts in the morning is one of the best ways for developing reading strategies3. Which of the following is Krashen’s argument?（）A. Learning is a mechanical process of habit formation.B. Learning consists of acquiring rules.C. Learning a language means acquiring a language.D. Acquisition refers to the way children learn their native language.4. The following things belong to language functions except（）.A. asking for information and directionsB. apologizing and invitingC. describing a place and explaining how to use somethingD. uttering a grammatically correct sentence in a grammar class5. In order to read efficiently in a foreign language, the reader needs to have（）.A. language skillsB. background knowledgeC. different reading strategies for different reading purposesD. all of the above16. When dealing with such materials as directions, dictionaries, tables, indexes, and maps, people always employ the reading skill of （）.A. scanningB. skimmingC. inferenceD. reading for details7. In real life people listen for the following purposes except（）.A. to extract informationB. to maintain social relationsC. to be entertainedD. to understand the words in the material8. The main purpose of the post-listening stage is（）.A. to consolidate what has been learned by the studentsB. for students to employ a certain listening skillC. to introduce enough about the topic, type of text or purpose for listening in order to activate the students’ schema and get them ready to predict what they will hear and make sense of itD. to train students to approach listening with specific skills based on certain purposes and contexts9. Which of the following are NOT the contents of a lesson plan?（）A. The objectives of the lesson and classroom aids required.B. Procedure and evaluation.C. Procedure and anticipated problems.D. Every word to be uttered in the class.10. We learn new words much better from a context, which is to（）.A. put all the words in a vocabulary book with their meanings in the mother tongueB. dictate the words a number of times a weekC. relate words to a memorable context, such as a storyD. recite the text repeatedly二、简答题(每小题10分，共30分)Section II: Problem SolvingDIRECTIONS: Situations in classroom teaching are provided here. In each situation there are some problems. Firstly, identify the problems; secondly, provide your own solutions according to the communicative language teaching principles and explain in details.1. Some teachers believe it is not necessary to teach in accordance with a teaching plan and the classroom instruction should focus on the students-teacher communication. Now from your own experience and understanding of teaching, give some suggestions to such teachers on the2possible benefits of a lesson plan.2. From the standpoint of classroom management, try to describe what successful teaching should emphasize with some key words from at least 10 aspects.3. To become a good writer of English, students should be aware of the features of good writing. Teacher can use various ways to help students to identify theses features. After teacher helping the students compare a good piece of writing and an awkward one. Now make a summary of well-written English text under the category of layout, language and content.三、案例题（共50分）Section III: Mini-lesson Plan or Text Analysis 50 pointsDIRECTIONS: Read the following text carefully and complete the teaching plan.The text is a dialogue for teaching listening in context. Design activities for teaching listening with listening exercise if necessary.Mary: Hi, Tony. You look great. How was your weekend?Tony: Busy but happy.Mary: What did you do?Tony: A lot of housework. I cleaned the rooms, mopped the floors, washed the clothes, and took out the garbage.Mary: Oh, you really did a lot of things.Tony: Yeah. My mom went to work last Saturday, so I did most of the housework for her. Mary: Didn’t your sister help?Tony: Yes, she washed the dishes after dinner. She had to study for the coming exam this month. I didn’t want to bother her with housework.Mary: Oh, I see. Did your father help, too?Tony: Sure. He did the cooking. He likes cooking, and he often cooks a big meal for us on the weekend.Mary: How nice! I really envy you, Tony.Your lesson plan should include the following aspects:Lesson Plan:1)Name(s) of activity(ies)2)Objective(s) of the activity(ies)3)Type(s) of the activity(ies)4)Classroom organization of the activities5)Teacher’s role(s)6)Students’ role(s)7)Teacher working time8)Student working time39)Teaching aid(s)10)Predicated problem(s)11)Solution(s)12)Homework13)ProceduresA. Pre-B. While-C. Post-4。

(全新整理)10月自考试题及答案解析浙江英语教学论试卷及答案解析

浙江省2018年10月高等教育自学考试英语教学论试题课程代码：10057一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

Section I: Basic Theories and PrinciplesQuestions 1—10 are based on this part.Directions: Choose the best answer for the following questions and write your answers in the brackets.1. Which is true of the Natural Order of language acquisition? ()A. The Natural Order, consists of Listening to a great deal of meaningful language input, thenSpeaking, then Reading to a great deal of meaningful input, and finally Writing.B. The Natural Order, consists of Speaking to a great deal of meaningful language input, thenListening, then Reading to a great deal of meaningful input, and finally Writing.C. The Natural Order, consists of Listening to a great deal of meaningful language input, thenSpeaking, then Writing to a great deal of meaningful input, and finally Reading.D. The Natural Order, consists of Reading to a great deal of meaningful language input, thenSpeaking, then Listening to a great deal of meaningful input, and finally Writing.2. Which is true of authenticity? ()A. Language is simplified in some way for the convenience of learners of the language.B. An authentic text is one that has been written specially for language students.C. Authenticity in the language classroom includes the use of authentic materials, designingauthentic classroom activities, and the teacher speaking authentically to the students.D. It is not close to the sort of thing one would do in real life.3. Reading is ()A. Reading is recognizing the written words in a text.1B. Reading is the ability to articulate the words and pronounce them correctly.C. Reading is an active process. It constantly involves guessing, predicting, checking and asking oneself questions.D. Reading is the ability to remember words only.4. Pre-listening activities may serve several purposes except ()A. they can help students establish listening expectations.B. students use the information or language they acquired to do something else.C. pre-listening activities can activate students’prior knowledge about the topic.D. they can arouse students’interest in learning.5. In ______stage, students are given the opportunities to use the newly presented language items in a controlled framework. This may be done by drills, or by repeating parts of the dialogue presented in the first stage. This stage is intended to develop accuracy skills. ()A. practiceB. presentationC. productionD. preparation6. A child watches cartoon on TV. Please choose why people listen in this situation. ()A. to extract informationB. to maintain social relationsC. to be entertainedD. to study7. Which of the following belongs to live presentation?()A. Published cassettesB. Friend’s talkC. Video tapesD. Recorded pop songs8. Which word has a positive connotation?()A. arrogantB. confidentC. stubbornD. mean9. A lesson plan is NOT influenced by ()A. physical conditionB. human factorsC. syllabusD. stationery10. The procedure of designing free writing tasks does NOT include ()A. getting ideas on the topicsB. selecting one idea2C. expanding one ideaD. editing二、简答题(本大题共3小题，每小题10分，共30分)Section II: Problem SolvingDIRECTIONS: Situations in classroom teaching are provided here. In each situation there are some problems. Firstly, identify the problems; secondly, provide yourown solutions according to the communicative language teaching principlesand explain in details.1. Some teachers pay particular attention to the comfort of the classroom, and the learning environment: the lights are soft, the chairs are comfortable, there is soothing music playing in the background, texts are read to the students gently by the teacher. Finally the texts are given to the students with a parallel translation in their mother tongue and they work through it asking the teacher questions about things they don’t understand in it.What do you like about this method? Why do you think translations of the text are given? What have we gained from the Humanists in our approach to teaching a foreign language?2. Read the following listening text, and try to design five different post-listening activities for it. You also need to make a brief statement of the purpose of your activity.Kate is going to the supermarket to buy some food. First, she decides what she needs to buy at home. How much bread does she need? What kind of vegetables? Is there enough fruit? Next, Kate makes a shopping list. She is going to buy two chickens, some cabbages, four tomatoes and two loaves of bread. She is going to buy 3 bottles of milk and 12 eggs. But she’s afraid she hasn’t got enough money, so she’ll have to stop at the bank on her way to the supermarket.(From Senior English Text book, Listening Workbook, Book 2A, PEP)3. There are different styles of grammar teaching and each style of grammar teaching has its benefits and drawbacks. Could you think over inductive grammar teaching and try to fill in the following tables with as many comments as you can.3三、案例题(本大题50分)Section III: Mini-lesson Plan or Text AnalysisDIRECTIONS: Read the following text carefully and complete the teaching plan.The text is a dialogue for teaching speaking for primary students. Design activities for teaching speaking in context if necessary.Chen: Welcome to our school!This is the teacher’s office.That is my classroom.Visitor A: How many students are there in your class?Chen: Forty-five.Visitor B: Do you have a library?Chen: Yes.Visitor A: Do you have lunch at school?Chen: Yes! The canteen is on the first floor.This way, please.Your lesson plan should include the following aspects:Lesson Plan:1) Name(s) of activity (ies)2）Objective(s) of the activity(ies)3) Type(s) of the activity (ies)4) Classroom organization of the activity (ies)5) Teacher’s role(s)6) Students’ role(s)7) Teacher working time8) Student working time9) Teaching aid(s)10) Predicated problem(s)11) Solution(s)12) Homework413) ProceduresA. Pre-B. While-C. Post-5。

全国10月高等教育自学考试高级英语试题及答案解析

全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试高级英语试题课程代码：00600PARTONEⅠ. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (12 points,0. 5 point each)●Consider the 1 assumptions that television tends to 2 : that complexity must be3 , that visual stimulation is a4 for thought, that verbal5 is an anachronism. Itmay be old-fashioned, but I was taught that thought is words, 6 in grammatically precise ways.●She moved from that chair to this one 7 here, and just sat there with her hands 8together and looking down. I got a 9 that I ought to 10 some conversation, so I said I had come in to see if John wanted to 11 in a telephone, and 12 that she started to laugh.●At that I 13 my teeth in disgust. 14 only they wouldn't use the word ‘hurt’Imight be able to get 15 . But I did not 16 myself to be hurried or 17 but speaking quietly and slowly I 18 the child again.●Downtown, she parked her car in a 19 . Everything was getting ready for this 20 .She did not carry the flowers in her car but she carried them in her 21 . Now she was going to 22 out whether it was death or 23 . Either she could 24 .Ⅱ. There are 15 sentences from the textbooks, with a blank in each, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (15 points,1 point each)25. Operationally excellent companies ______ a combination of quality, price, and ease of purchase that no one else in their market can match.26. Students were not conscious of the ghetto as a ______phenomenon.27. It is not possible to make the very best cheese in vast quantities at a low average ______.28. I didn't mind ______ Saturdays, but until eleven, twelve Friday nights was too much.29. American individualism, on the face of it an admirable philosophy, wishes to ______ itself inindependence of the community.30. Those of us who are not old ______ ourselves from discussions of old age by declaring thesubject morbid, boring or in poor taste.31. I am speaking of the local press which in hundreds of American communities is the only newsavailable, aside from those recitals of ticker tape that ______ radio news.32. The sun was breaking through clouds, ______ a smell of earth to heaven.33. We demanded justice for the body ______ for the soul.34. When she breathed, something light and sad- no, not sad, exactly - something gentle seemed tomove in her ______.35. There was a little patch beside the rocky road, and Mrs. Flowers walked in front ______ herarms and picking her way over the stones.36. “Jagger,”he said,“grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform,______its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners…”37.I must confess that I always suspect the men who _____ that they unvaryingly fall asleep assoon as they get into bed.38. Another worry is that a legal framework for euthanasia, permitting a doctor to comply with adying man's request set in a prescribed of circumstances, might pose dangers for society by setting a ______ for killing.39. But for the poor in spirit, with low levels of both energy and pride, it may be the least ___choice available.Ⅲ. Each of the following sentences is given two choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. (15 points, 1 point each)40. Jane and Tom have (［A］broken out,[B] fallen out) and do not speak to each other now.41. Although the heavy rain stopped, it was at least an hour later when the flood began to ([A]retreat, [B] recede).42. I've put on so much weight that my clothes don't([A] fit,[B] suit)me.43. We([A] replaced,[B]renewed) the stolen car when the insurance money arrived.44. Many people found([A] current,[B]contemporary)art very difficult to understand.45. Because of the heavy storm, the residents in this region were ([A] rescued,[B]evacuated) to asafe place.46. China is big and rich in minerals which have not been properly ([A] exploded, [B]exploited) .47. Modern machines will certainly increase factory ([A] output, [B] outcome) at a considerablerate.48. Mr. Brown went to the hospital for a ([A] conventional,[B]routine) physical check-up.49. Some naughty students tried to ([A]provoke,[B]stir) the new teacher into losing her temper.50. I was extremely exhausted at first, but after two hours' sleep, I felt considerably ([A]refreshed,[B]relaxed).51. Since we don't have the key, we must use([A]force,[B]strength)to open this locked door.52. She([A] attributed,[B]attached) a check to the letter and sent it out.53. You'd better put your small electrical apparatus in a place that is not ([A] available [B]accessible) to your children.54. The eloquent speaker succeeded in([A] appealing,[B]arousing) to the emotions of the audience. Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items:Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵand Ⅶ.Drivers in China1) I am in my mid-fifties, a senior citizen, living in Minnesota. Three summers ago, I left my family of three and spent six months in Shanghai, China, on a teaching tour. Like all other tourists, the experiences were new, exciting and somewhat strange to me.2) Like all other tourists I brought home many souvenirs, some warm friendship and many memories. Unlike the others, I also brought home some questions. I am still looking for answers to some of them. One of them is about Chinese driving habits.3) Chinese drivers, whether they be bus, taxi or truck drivers, have had to put up with endless traffic jams and unruly bicyclists. They also have had another chore on the unbelievably crowded streets; the scene you can only appreciate by picturing yourself amongst a crowd in a state fair. They turn the engine on and off during stops on intersections or traffic jams. They turn lights off in the night at intersections as well as on brightly lit streets. Every time I was close to a driver in a vehicle, I could not help noticing the poor driver putting the extra work to himself. It drove me so crazy that I had to find out the reasons.4) But the answers they gave me were always the same: to save gas and to avoid traffic accidents.5) Later, I was informed that several traffic accidents were caused by beaming lights that blinded the bikers and pedestrians as well as drivers from the opposite direction. I was somewhat satisfied with that answer. One question lingered however: how many accidents have been caused by invisible cars because the lights were turned off? Between the two evils which one is worse?6) I was not happy with the answer about gas saving. One day, I was traveling with my colleague Mr. Liu. I told him I never turned off my engine during short stops because restarting not only was hard on the battery but also would cause wear and tear on the starter. Cutting the engine during stops really saved very little gas. Apparently amused by my observation,Mr. Liu relayed the question to the driver.7) “To save gas. ”Click, the driver turned the engine off while answering. A few seconds later, he turned the key to start on the green light. The old engine coughed and failed to catch fire until after several attempts.8) “Professor Smith here,”Mr. Liu said to the driver,“has driven at least 20 years in America. Hetold me that to restart after a brief stop does not save much gas, and it is not good for the starter. It also wastes your battery power. ”9) “I was told to do this in my driving classes. ”10) “Your trainer could be wrong, you know,”said Mr. Liu. I guessed he was on my side because of my 20 years of driving experience.11) Why are Chinese drivers told to kill engines during short stops? What good does it do to …anything? How long have they done this? Who or what started that notion? I left China the following year puzzled.12) I had my questions partially answered in Japan, where I visited Jack, on my way back to the States.13) In the evening on the third day of my visit, he drove me back to the hotel in his Toyota(丰田车).I noticed the same curious maneuver that had bothered me in the streets of Shanghai.14)“Why do you turn the lights off every time you stop?”I decided to ask the easier question first.15)“We have strict regulations on handling vehicles in Japan. The regulation requires a driver to turn lights off at the intersections so they will not blind drivers from the other direction,”he said. “Now this practice has been accepted by the general population as a polite thing for a driver to do.A pedestrian will stop in front of your car and give you a disgusted stare if you leave lights on while stopping,”he added.16)“Why do you turn the engine off on red lights?”I continued with the second, more controversial question.17) “Well…”It took him a while to put his thoughts together and his words in proper places. “I was told that it would preserve battery power. You Americans are able to recharge batteries because you drive faster on freeways. Our driving speed hardly ever exceeds 35 miles per hour. ”18)“That might be a good reason a few years ago, but batteries are made better now. You should not have to worry about running out of power,”I argued. I didn't want to debate with him over the issue. My understanding was quite the contrary. Starting an engine requires a power surge, hence more battery power.19)Yes, this must be where the notion had come from, Japan. The Japanese have almost monopolized the entire automobile market in China. It is logic to assume that they would be the people to provide drivers' education. But where has that notion of fuel saving come from?20)“But they do it for different reasons. They told me they did it to save gas. ”21)“…I wonder where have they got that idea from? It does not make sense…”He started to ponder. “Even if it does conserve gas, the saving is so minute it is not worth the trouble. ”22)“Yes…I wonder …”I said. To this day I am still wondering.Ⅳ. There are 10 incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. (10 points, 1 point each)55. The writer brought home ____.［A］a lot of gifts and memories and friendship［B］a lot of questions as well as numerous gifts, souvenirs and friendship［C］souvenirs, memories as well as some questions［D］some warm friendship, gifts and memories56. Chinese drivers have had to put up with endless traffic jams. They are _____.［A］bus-drivers, truck——drivers and car drivers［B］bus——drivers, taxi-drivers, truck—drivers but not car-drivers［C］taxi-drivers, tractor—drivers and bus—drivers［D］all drivers57. “…the scene you can appreciate by picturing yourself amongst a crowed in a state fair. ”Here“you can appreciate”means____.［A］you can understand［B］you can enjoy［C］you can entertain yourself with［D］you can recognize58. …I could not help noticing the poor driver putting the extra work to himself. This sentence shows ____.［A］he was very sympathetic with the driver［B］he didn't want to see the poor driver suffer［C］he didn't want to, yet always saw the driver putting the extra work to himself［D］he hated noticing the driver putting the extra work to himself59. Between the two evils which one is worse? In this sentence, the author thinks____.［A］one evil is not as bad as the other.［B］one evil is much worse than the other.［C］there is little difference between the two.［D］there is a little difference between the two.60. The author's 20-year driving experience convinced him that he should not turn off his engine during short stops because ____.［A］engines were expensive and broke down easily［B］it would waste battery power and to harm to the starter［C］it was very difficult to start the car again and it would give the driver a headache［D］the starter was easy to break down and you would have to replace it61. Mr. Liu relayed the author's question to the driver because ____.［A］he thought the question was ridiculous［B］he was not interested in the question［C］he was too lazy to answer the question himself［D］he might have the same question on his mind62. I had my questions partially answered in Japan. It means____.［A］most of my questions were answered in Japan［B］my questions were more or less answered in Japan［C］all my questions were answered in Japan［D］my questions were hardly answered in Japan63. A pedestrian will stop in front of your car and give you a disgusted stare if you leave lights onwhile stopping. The sentence means a pedestrian will ____.［A］give you a cold and inquiring look［B］look at you and make you hate yourself［C］look at you with fixed eyes to let you know that he doesn't like you［D］look at you with an unnatural and vague expression64. The author thought the Japanese might be those who started the practice of cutting the engineduring stops and the Chinese followed their example because ____.［A］the Japanese played a controlling role in China's automobile market［B］Japan is an advanced automobile producer in the world［C］the Japanese have good rules and regulations on how to drive［D］the Japanese are aggressive and they enforce their rules on the ChineseⅤ. There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest in meaning to the underlined part. (10 points, 2 points each)65. They also have had another chore on the unbelievably crowded streets.［A］impossible problem［B］difficult job［C］tedious job［D］unsolvable problem66. It drove me so crazy that I had to find out the reasons.［A］I could no longer put up with it so I had to …［B］I was so interested in it that …［C］I was so curious about it that …［D］I was so touched that …67. The old engine coughed and failed to catch fire.［A］it was ill and had a bad cold［B］it made some short and harsh noises［C］it was tired and didn't want to start［D］it made a long and loud noise68. Starting an engine requires a power surge, hence more battery power.［A］a power recharge［B］an over-loaded power［C］a wave of power jumping up and down［D］a sudden increase of power69. Even if it does conserve gas, the saving is so minute it is not worth the trouble.［A］it really does not save gas at all［B］the amount of gas it saves is extremely small［C］the gas it saves is not enough［D］the gas it saves is not noticedPART TWOⅥ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your translation on your answer sheet. (10 points, 2 points each)70. Later, I was informed that several traffic accidents were caused by beaming lights that blindedthe bikers and pedestrians as well as drivers from the opposite direction. ( in paragraph 5) 71. One question lingered however: how many accidents have been caused by invisible carsbecause the lights were turned off?(in paragraph 5)72. In the evening on the third day of my visit, he drove me back to the hotel in his Toyota. Inoticed the same curious maneuver that had bothered me in the streets of Shanghai. (in paragraph 13)73. “Now this practice has been accepted by the general population as a polite thing for a driver todo ……”. (in paragraph 15)74. “Well…”It took him a while to put his thoughts together and his words in proper places. “Iwas told that it would preserve battery power. You Americans are able to recharge batteries because you drive faster on freeways. ”(in paragraph 17)Ⅶ. Answer the following essay question in English within 80 - 100 words. Write your answer on your answer sheet. (10 Points)What questions did the author have about driving in China? Why?Ⅷ. Translate the following into English and write your translation on your answer sheet. (18 points, 2 points each from 75 to 79,8 points for 80)75. 她告诉我对无知绝不能宽容，但应理解未受过教育的人。

2018年英语一真题阅读理解题型及答案解析完整版(凯程首发)

2018年英语一真题阅读理解题型及答案解析完整版（凯程首发）来源：凯程青青老师Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign:What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Don't dismiss that possibility entirely.About half of U.S.jobs are at high risk of being automated,according to a University of Oxford study,with the middle class disproportionately squeezed.Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don't appeal to robots.But many middle-class occupations-trucking,financial advice,software engineering—have aroused their interest,or soon will.The rich own the robots,so they will be fine.This isn't to be alarmist.Optimists point out that technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past.The Industrial Revolution didn't go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms,but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed.Likewise,automation should eventually boost productivity,stimulate demand by driving down prices,and free workers from hard,boring work.But in the medium term,middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.The first step,as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and job training.Curriculums—from grammar school to college-should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication.Vocational schools should do a better job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots.Online education can supplement the traditional kind.It could make extra training and instruction affordable.Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S.to revive its fading business dynamism:Starting new companies must be made easier.In previous eras of drastic technological change,entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines.The best uses of3D printers and virtual reality haven't been invented yet.The U.S.needs the new companies that will invent them.Finally,because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income,taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought.Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded:This would boost incomes,encourage work,reward companies for job creation,and reduce inequality.Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years,yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation.Destroying themachines that are coming for our jobs would be nuts.But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.21.Who will be most threatened by automation?[A]Leading politicians.[B]Low-wage laborers.[C]Robot owners.[D]Middle-class workers.22.Which of the following best represent the author’s view?[A]Worries about automation are in fact groundless.[B]Optimists'opinions on new tech find little support.[C]Issues arising from automation need to be tackled[D]Negative consequences of new tech can be avoidedcation in the age of automation should put more emphasis on[A]creative potential.[B]job-hunting skills.[C]individual needs.[D]cooperative spirit.24.The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at[A]encouraging the development of automation.[B]increasing the return on capital investment.[C]easing the hostility between rich and poor.[D]preventing the income gap from widening.25.In this text,the author presents a problem with[A]opposing views on it.[B]possible solutions to it.[C]its alarming impacts.[D]its major variations.Text2A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter.The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other source,Not a president’s social media platform.Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines.Yet as distrust has risen toward all media,people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills.Such a trend is badly needed.During the2016presidential campaign,nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news,according to the University of Oxford.And a survey conducted for BuzzFeed News found44percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace.A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages14and24found they use“distributed trust”to verify stories.They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about any bias.“Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,”the survey concluded.Such active research can have another effect.A2014survey conducted in Australia,Britain, and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reliance on social media led to greater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests.This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information.A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is“reader error,”more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting.About a third say the problem of fake news lies in“misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news”via social media.In other words,the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue.“This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,”says Roxanne Stone,editor in chief at Barna Group.So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president,they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills–and in their choices on when to share on social media.26.According to the Paragraphs1and2,many young Americans cast doubts on[A]the justification of the news-filtering practice.[B]people’s preference for social media platforms.[C]the administrations ability to handle information.[D]social media was a reliable source of news.27.The phrase“beer up”(Line2,Para.2)is closest in meaning to[A]sharpen[B]define[C]boast[D]share28.According to the knight foundation survey,young people[A]tend to voice their opinions in cyberspace.[B]verify news by referring to diverse resources.[C]have s strong sense of responsibility.[D]like to exchange views on“distributed trust”29.The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is[A]readers outdated values.[B]journalists’biased reporting[C]readers’misinterpretation[D]journalists’made-up stories.30.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News Online[B]A Counteraction Against the Over-tweeting Trend[C]The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on Social Media.[D]The Platforms for Projection of Personal Interests.Text3Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service(NHS)and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well.DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence(AI)companies in the world.The potential of this workapplied to healthcare is very great,but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants.It Is against that background that the information commissioner,Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS,which handed over to DeepMind the records of1.6million patients In2015on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients'rights and their expectations of privacy.DeepMind has almost apologized.The NHS trust has mended its ways.Further arrangements-and there may be many-between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned.There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn.But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important.Ms Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust,since under existing law it“controlled”the data and DeepMind merely“processed"it.But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation,not the mere possession of bits,that gives the data value.The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate.Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them.That misses the way the surveillance economy works.The data of an individual there gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted.This practice does not address the real worry.It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives.What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources.If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can,big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done.We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later.A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism.Ms Denham's report is a welcome start.31.Wha is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMind?[A]It caused conflicts among tech giants.[B]It failed to pay due attention to patient’s rights.[C]It fell short of the latter's expectations[D]It put both sides into a dangerous situation.32.The NHS trust responded to Denham's verdict with[A]empty promises.[B]tough resistance.[C]necessary adjustments.[D]sincere apologies.33.The author argues in Paragraph2that[A]privacy protection must be secured at all costs.[B]leaking patients'data is worse than selling it.[C]making profits from patients'data is illegal.[D]the value of data comes from the processing of it34.According to the last paragraph,the real worry arising from this deal is[A]the vicious rivalry among big pharmas.[B]the ineffective enforcement of privacy law.[C]the uncontrolled use of new software.[D]the monopoly of big data by tech giants.35.The author's attitude toward the application of AI to healthcare is[A]ambiguous.[B]cautious.[C]appreciative.[D]contemptuous.Text4The U.S.Postal Service(USPS)continues to bleed red ink.It reported a net loss of$5.6 billion for fiscal2016,the10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue.Meanwhile,it has more than$120billion in unfunded liabilities,mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies.Fundamentally,the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail,and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new realityAnd interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service,aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected.This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years,leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.Now comes word that everyone involved---Democrats,Republicans,the Postal Service,the unions and the system's heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system.Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated$28.6billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles,among other survival measures.Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare.The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care,thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.If it clears the House,this measure would still have to get through the Senate–where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare,bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat,not comprehensive reform.There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS,a major omission considering that personnel accounts for80percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery.That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS$2billion per year.But postalspecial-interest groups seem to have killed it,at least in the House.The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS.It is not,however,a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the21st century.36.The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by[A].its unbalanced budget.[B].its rigid management.[C].the cost for technical upgrading.[D].the withdrawal of bank support.37.According to Paragraph2,the USPS fails to modernize itself due to[A].the interference from interest groups.[B].the inadequate funding from Congress.[C].the shrinking demand for postal service.[D].the incompetence of postal unions.38.The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by[A].removing its burden of retiree health care.[B].making more investment in new vehicles.[C].adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.[D].attracting more first-class mail users.39.In the last paragraph,the author seems to view legislators with[A]respect.[B]tolerance.[C]discontent.[D]gratitude.40.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A].The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days[B].The Postal Service:Keep Away from My Cheese[C].The USPS:Chronic Illness Requires a Quick Cure[D].The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-AidPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For Questions41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes.Paragraphs C and F have been correctly placed.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)A.In December of1869,Congress appointed a commission to select a site and prepare plans and cost estimates for a new State Department Building.The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments.To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected,and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of1871.pleted in1875,the State Department's south wing was the first to be occupied,with its elegant four-story library(completed in1876),Diplomatic Reception Room,and Secretary's office decorated with carved wood,Oriental rugs,and stenciled wall patterns.The Navy Department moved into the east wing in1879,where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.C.The State,War,and Navy Building,as it was originally known,housed the three Executive Branch Departments most intimately associated with formulating and conducting the nation's foreign policy in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century-the period when the United States emerged as an international power.The building has housed some of the nation's most significant diplomats and politicians and has been the scene of many historic events.D.Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB's granite walls.Theodore and Franklin D.Roosevelt,WilliamHoward Taft,Dwight D.Eisenhower,Lyndon B.Johnson,Gerald Ford,and George H.W.Bush all had offices in this building before becoming president.It has housed16Secretaries of the Navy, 21Secretaries of War,and24Secretaries of State.Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.E.The Eisenhower Executive Office Building(EEOB)commands a unique position in both the national history and the architectural heritage of the United States.Designed by Supervising Architect of the Treasury,Alfred B.Mullett,it was built from1871to1888to house the growing staffs of the State,War,and Navy Departments,and is considered one of the best examples of French Second Empire architecture in the country.F.Construction took17years as the building slowly rose wing by wing.When the EEOB was finished,it was the largest office building in Washington,with nearly2miles of black and white tiled corridors.Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster;the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety.Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas.G.The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid.The first executive offices were constructed between1799and1820.A series of fires(including those set by the British in1814)and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of the existing Treasury Building.In1866,the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Shakespeare’s life time was coincident with a period of extraordinary activity and achievement in the drama.By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama,and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy.These new forms were at first mainly written by scholars and performed by amateurs,but in England,as everywhere else in western Europe,the growth of a class of professional actors was threatening to make the drama popular,whether it should be new or old,classical or medieval, literary or farcical.Court,school organizations of amateurs,and the traveling actors were all rivals in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment;and(47)no boy who went a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.When Shakespeare was twelve years old,the first public playhouse was built in London.For a time literature showed no interest in this public stage.Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for school or court,or for the choir boys of St.Paul’s and the royal chapel,who,however, gave plays in public as well as at court.(48)but the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters,and university men with literature ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood.By the time Shakespeare was twenty-five,Lyly,Peele, and Greene had made comedies that were at once popular and literary;Kyd had written a tragedy that crowded the pit;and Marlowe had brought poetry and genius to triumph on the common stage-where they had played no part since the death of Euripides.(49)A native literary drama had been created,its alliance with the public playhouses established,and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.The development of the Elizabethan drama for the next twenty-five years is of exceptional interest to students of literary history,for in this brief period we may trace the beginning,growth, blossoming,and decay of many kinds of plays,and of many great careers.We are amazed today at the mere number of plays produced,as well as by the number of dramatists writing at the same time for this London of two hundred thousand inhabitants.(50)To realize how great was the dramatic activity,we must remember further that hosts of plays have been lost,and that probably there is no author of note whose entire work has survived.凯程考研英语一真题阅读答案解析21.选D，middle-class workers简单细节定位题，并无同义替换。

2018英语全国卷一-英语答案-详解-方法指导

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

AWashington.D.C.Bicycl.ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThi.smal.grou.bik.tou.i..fantasti.wa.t.se.th.world-famou.cherr.tree.wit.beautifu.flower.o.Washington.D.C.You.guid.wil.provi d..histor.lesso.abou.th.tree.an.th.famou.monument.wher.the.blossom.Reserv.you.spo.befor.availabilit..an.th.cherr.blossom..di sappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Joi..guide.bik.tou.an.vie.som.o.th.mos.popula.monument.i.Washington.D.C.Explor.th.monument.an.memorial.o.th.Nationa. Mal.a.you.guid.share.uniqu.fact.an.histor.a.eac.stop.Guide.tou.include.bike.helmet.cookie.an.bottle.water.Capita.Cit.Bik.Tou.i.Washington.D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMornin.o.Afternoon.thi.bik.tou.i.th.perfec.tou.fo.D.C.newcomer.an.local.lookin.t.experienc.Washington.D.C.i..health.wa.wit .minimu.effort.Knowledgeabl.guide.wil.entertai.yo.wit.th.mos.interestin.storie.abou.Presidents.Congress.memorials.an.park fortabl.bike.an..smoot.tou.rout.(路线.mak.cyclin.betwee.th.site.fu.an.relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Joi..smal.grou.bik.tou.fo.a.evenin.o.exploratio.i.th.hear.o.Washington.D.C.Ge.u.clos.t.th.monument.an.memorial.a.yo.bi k.th.site.o.Capito.Hil.an.th.Nationa.Mall.Frequen.stop.ar.mad.fo.phot.takin.a.you.guid.offer.uniqu.fact.an.history.Tou.includ e.bike.helmet.an.bottle.water.Al.rider.ar.equippe.wit.reflectiv.vest.an.safet.lights.21.Whic.tou.d.yo.nee.t.boo.i.advance?A.Cherr.Blosso.Bik.Tou.i.Washington.D.C.B.Washingto.Capita.Monument.Bicycl.Tour.C.Capita.Cit.Bik.Tou.i.Washington.D.C.D.Washingto.Capita.Site.a.Nigh.Bicycl.Tour.22.Wha.wil.yo.d.o.th.Capita.Cit.Bik.Tour?A.Mee.famou.people.B.G.t..nationa.park.C.Visi.well-know.museums.D.Enjo.interestin.stories.23.Whic.o.th.followin.doe.th.bicycl.tou.a.nigh.provide?A.Cit.maps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safet.lights.解析: 本篇文章讲的是华盛顿举办的几个自行车骑行活动, 内容较简单。

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