动词不定式的精讲与专项练习
高中英语语法复习讲义+训练：动词不定式
高中英语语法复习讲义——动词不定式一.相关知识点精讲:1. 不定式作补语1) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。
例如：例如;Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
The officer ordered his men to fire. 长官命令士兵开火。
注意：有些动词如make，have，get，want等可用不定式作做宾补，也可用分词作宾补。
现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。
2) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构，不定式的动词往往是be ，不定式一般可以省去。
例如：例如：We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。
We know him to be a fool. 我们知道他是个笨蛋。
(to be 不能省去) 典型例题Charles Babbage is generally considered___ the first computer. A. to inventB. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 答案：C. 一般没有consider+宾语+be 以外不定式的结构，也没有consider+宾语+doing 的结构，排除A 、B、D 。
consider 用动词be 以外的不定式作宾补时，一般要求用不定式的完成式，故选C 。
3) 有些动词可以跟there +to be 的结构。
例如：例如：We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
You wouldn’t want there to be another war. 你不至于想让另外一场战争发生吧。
2. 不定式作主语不定式作主语，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。
(经典)动词不定式的精讲与专项练习
动词不定式（The Infinitive）二、不定式的主要用法动词不等式具有名词、形容词及副词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语（或主语）补足语、表语、定语、及状语等。
1、不定式作主语①不等式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
To conquer English is not easy. 征服英语不容易。
To make plan firs t is a good idea. 先制定计划是个好主意。
To know everything is to know nothing. 事事皆通，无一精通。
②不等式作主语时，常常用形式主语it替代，而将真正的主语不等式放在句子的后面。
It is necessary to master a foreign language.掌握一门外语很有必要。
It’s a great pleasure to see you again.再次见到你真高兴。
It is a bad manner to stare at a foreign guest.盯着外宾看是一种不良的举动。
③如果说明不等式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不等式的前面加一个for引起的短语，这就是常见的“It is adj./n. for sb. to do sth.”句式。
如：It is good manners for an Arab to stand close to his friends when they are talking.对阿拉伯人来说，交谈时站得离朋友近些是好的礼貌。
It is a great honor for us to be presented at the party.我们能来参加晚会，深感荣幸。
It will be a regret for us not to help him. 我们没有帮助他是个遗憾。
④在某些形容词（如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等）作表语时，不等式前常加一个以of引起的短语，来说明不等式指的是谁的情况。
动词不定式详细讲解+练习
非谓语动词（一）动词不定式一、动词不定式定义（To infinitive）动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，是动词的一种非谓语的形式，即其在句中不能单独作谓语。
动词不定式具有下列属性：（1）动词不定式具有动词的性质，可以有自己的宾语和状语，也可以有时态和语态的变化；（2）动词不定式也具有非动词的性质，相当于一个名词、形容词或副词，可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。
二、动词不定式（短语）的句法功能1. 作主语To say is one thing and to do is another.To know oneself is difficult.但在很多情况下，人们通常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后，使句子结构显得平稳一些。
It is important to learn English.It seemed a pity to have wasted so much time.Activity 2: Fill in the blanks.1) __________ (see) is to believe.2) It’s difficult ________ (find) a best friend.=_____________________________________.2. 作表语不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容（目的，愿望，要求），主语通常是aim,duty,hope,idea,purpose, intention,wish等。
His wish is to become an engineer.To live is to do something worthwhile.Activity 3: Fill in the blanks.3) My wish is_________ (be) a singer.4) Your task is _________(clean) the room.3. 作宾语(1)作动词的宾语。
动词不定式讲解与练习
动词不定式讲解与练习动词不定式讲与练动词不定式在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。
一、作主语动词不定式作主语可位于句首。
例如：To learn a skill is very important for everyone in today's society.也可使用it作形式主语，而将其置于句末。
例如：It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.动词不定式作主语的常用句型有：1. It is＋adj./ n. (＋for sb.／sth.) ＋to do sth.用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。
例如：It is interesting to play this game.It is necessary for you to change your job.It was impossible for them to complete the task in such a short time.考例1：Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. nowB. manC. thatD. it用于此句型的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。
例如：What a pity it is for you to have missed such a wonderful film.It is good manners for the young to give their seats to the old.2. It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.该句型中只能使用描述某人的品德、特征的形容词，如： kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。
动词不定式的精讲与专项练习
动词不定式（The Infinitive）一、概述不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。
它有两种形式：（1）带to的不定式；（2）不带to的不定式（即通常所说的动词原形），它可以和助动词或情态动词构成谓语。
不定式既有动词性质，又有名词性质。
1）不等式具有动词性质，即它有时态和语态的变化；可有自己的宾语或状语并构成不等式短语。
如：Would you like to tell me an interesting story? 你可不可以给我讲一个有趣的故事？（不等式to tell有自己的宾语me和story）He was too clever a man to be fooled.他这个人很机灵，不会被愚弄的。
（不等式的被动语态）I’m going to go there by bike. 我想骑自行车去那儿。
（不定式有状语there）They will set up more primary schools in the countryside. 他们将在乡村修建更多的小学。
（不带to的不等式与助动词will一起构成谓语）但是，不等式没有人称和数的变化，即不受人称和单数、复数的限定或影响。
She likes to play the accordion. 她喜欢弹奏手风琴。
She liked to play the accordion when she was young. 她很小就喜欢弹奏手风琴。
2）不等式具有名词性质，即它在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语等。
如：To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。
（作主语）This suit doesn’t seem to fit me.这件衣服似乎不适合我穿。
（作表语）She wanted to see which shops offered the best service. 她想看看哪家商店提供最好的服务。
（作宾语）There’s no need to be worried. 不需要担心。
初中英语动词不定式部分知识讲解及练习
动词不定式一. 定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。
同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
二. 动词不定式的构成：to+动词原形三. 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（6点）1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。
如：1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.3)Id love to visit Mexico.2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...可用疑问词带to 的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。
如：1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it + adj. / n. + to do...。
如：I find it difficult to remember everything.4.既可接动词不定式又可接v_ing形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。
中考英语专题讲练： 动词不定式(含解析)语法专项练习
动词不定式非谓语动词指的是在句中不能单独作谓语, 但保留动词的某些特征（如有自己的宾语或状语等）的动词形式。
非谓语包括动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化, 但要遵循基本的时态语态规则, 在句中充当各种成分。
一、动词不定式基本构成形式 结构 例句肯定形式to+动词原形The teacher asked his students to finish their homeworkon time.老师让学生们按时完成作业。
否定形式 not to+动词原形Aunt Li often tells her son not to eat too much sugar. 李阿姨经告诫她的儿子不要吃太多的糖。
被动形式 to+be+过去分词He would like to be treated as a child. 他喜欢被当成孩子般看待。
注意: 动词不定式在一些感官动词（see, watch, hear 等）或使役动词（make, let, have 等）的后面, 做宾补时, 通常会省略to, 如:动词不定式知识精讲The boss made me work ten hours a day.=I was made to work ten hours a day by the boss.这个老板让我一天工作十个小时。
二、动词不定式的语法功能动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成分）。
1.不定式作主语1).动词不定式短语作句子主语时，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，如：To make work more efficient is our goal.让工作更有效率是我们的目标。
2).不定式短语作主语时, 为了考虑句子的平衡, 常用it作形式主语, 而将真正的不定式主语放在句子后面, 结构为: It+is/ was+adj.(+for sb.)+动词不定式, 如上一句话也可写成:It’s our goal to make work efficient.我们的目标是让工作更有效率。
动词不定式精讲精练
动词不定式精讲精练不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”，不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。
不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。
1.不定式短语不定式+宾语词组げ褂锎首楠じ贝蚀首=不定式短语下列均为不定式短语：to pretend not to see me(假装没有看见我)to become a teacher(当老师)to study hard(努力读书)2.不定式逻辑上的主语1)、不表明其为不定式逻辑上的主语的情况：(1)主要动词的主语即不定式逻辑上的主语时。
I want to go hunting with you.(我想和你一块儿去打猎)→I是主要动词want的主语，也是不定式to go逻辑上的主语。
I asked to speak to the manager.(我要求与经理谈话)→I 是主要动词asked的主语，也是不定式to speak逻辑上的主语。
(2)主要动词的宾语即不定式逻辑上的主语时。
I will get someone to carry your baggage.(我将叫人搬运你的行李)→主要动词的宾语someone，做不定式to carry逻辑上的主语。
The doctor advised me not to drink too much.(医生劝我不要喝太多酒)→主要动词的宾语me，做不定式to drink逻辑上的主语。
(3)由句子前后关系可知不定式之逻辑上的主语时。
I found that to talk with him was a waste of time.(我发现和他说话是浪费时间)→由句子前后的关系可知I是不定式to talk逻辑上的主语。
He found that to leave the house unobserved was easy.他发觉让房子空着，没有人看守是容易的→由句子前后的关系可知He是不定式to leave逻辑上的主语。
(完整版)高中动词不定式用法讲解和练习
Grammar Presentation---动词不定式一、不定式的句法功能●不定式作主语?To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事。
◎不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置，而将真正的主语（不定式短语）移到谓语之后?It’s a great honor to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.很荣幸被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会。
●不定式作宾语◎作动词宾语◇下列动词常接不定式作宾语，如：agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare, decide, demand,expect, fail, fear, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, ?They hope to find new resources for mankind.他们希望为人类找到新资源。
◇如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语，常用“it”作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。
下列动词常用it作形式宾语，如：believe, consider, feel, find, know, make ?I know it impossible to finish so much homework in one day.我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。
●不定式作表语◎不定式作表语时，一般紧跟在系动词后，说明主语的内容?The first step is to check the victim’s breathing.第一步是检查受害人的呼吸。
●不定式作补语?I’d like the problem to be discussed at the next meeting.我希望这个问题在下一次会上讨论。
●不定式作定语?The students have a lot of homework to do every day.学生们每天都有很多家庭作业要做。
动词不定式用法与专项练习
动词不定式: to+do 或do动词不定式由to + 动词原形组成，是动词的一种非谓语形式。
它可以带宾语，构成动词不定式短语，在句子中起名词、形容词和副词的作用，因此在句中可充当谓语以外的任何成分，即主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、主补和同谓语。
1. 动词不定在句中的语法功能(1)动词不定式（短语）作主语To love is to be loved. 爱别人就是被人爱。
To teach is to give. 教书就是奉献。
注意：1）在口语中，动词不定式作主语时常用形式主语it，而真正的主语则被置于句子后部。
It always pays to be honest. 老实不吃亏。
It is of great importance to solve the housing problem. 解决住房问题是很重要的。
It will take me three hours to do this job. 干这个工作我花了三个小时。
2）假如动词不定式要带逻辑主语，则需用介词of 或for来引导。
It's good for me to have a talk with you. 我很高兴和你交谈。
It is really important for students to learn English well. 对学生们来说，学好英语很重要。
It is possible for all nations to unite to get rid of the terrorists. 所有国家携手铲除恐怖分子，这是可以做到的。
It is stupid of John to help such a shameless girl. 约翰真傻，竟去帮助这样一个无耻的女孩。
It is cruel of man to kill animals in such a casual manner. 人类如此随便地屠杀动物，真是残忍。
动词不定式和动名词讲解及实战练习(含答案)
动词不定式和动名词讲解及实战练习（含答案）一、动词不定式1、动词不定式的形式动词不定式一般由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成，有的不定式可省略to。
不定式的否定形式是“not to （do）”He asked me to play chess with him。
他让我和他一起下国际象棋。
(带1o)1 saw a boy go across the road just now。
我看见有个男孩刚才过了马路。
(不带to)The teacher told me not to be late again. 老师告诉我不要再迟到。
(否定形式动词不定式的用法2、动词不定式的用法动词不定式在句子中不能作谓语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语，定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语。
虽不作谓语，但它可以有自己的宾语或状语。
(1)不定式作宾语①不定式作宾语的情况比较多，经常接不定式作宾语(即动词+ to do sth。
结构)的动词有：begin(开始)，care(愿意)，ask(要求)，hope(希望)，learn(学会)，expect(期望)，want(想要)，wish(希望)，forget(忘记)，like(喜欢)，decide(决定)，try(尝试)，continue(继续)，prefer(比较喜欢)，pretend(假装)等。
如I hope to see the famous scientist。
( to see作hope的宾语)我希望看见那位著名的科学家。
②不定式作某些形容词的宾语。
例：ready(准备好)，anxious(急于)，able(能够)，sure(一定)，glad(高兴)，sorry(难过)，afraid(害怕)，pleased(高兴)，willing(愿意)等。
如I’m glad to meet you。
( to meet作glad的宾语)见到你很高兴。
③不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。
如：when to do(什么时候做)；how to do(怎样做)；what to do(做什么)；why to do(为什么做)；which to do(做哪一个)等。
初中动词不定式专题讲解及练习(全面)
语法：动词不定式动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的转变，在句子中不能作谓语，但能够作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成份（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具出名词、形容词和副词的特点，同时还维持动词的某些特点，既能够有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语组成不定式短语。
一、组成：to do .否定式not to do二、常见时态：一样时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done完成进行式to have been doing三、动词不定式在句子中的成份一、作句子的主语：现实中常用it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后置。
比较以下句子To learn from your friends is important.=It is important to learn from your friends .To leave without saying goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying goodbye.To chat with Miss White is a pleasant thing.=It is a pleasant thing to chat with Miss White.To walk to school takes me ten minutes.=It takes me ten minutes to walk to school.句型总结It is + adj. + of sb. to do…= sb. is\are +adj. +todo…在以某些表示人的品质、特点等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引发的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情形（能够明白得为某人的好，坏，伶俐，愚蠢，对，错等等）。
初中语法动词不定式讲解及习题
动词不定式动词不定式不能做谓语，一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
一、结构主动式：to+动词原形；否定形式：not to+动词原形被动式：to be+动词的过去分词二、用法1、作主语动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
(1)常用it作形式主语；真正的主语：“动词不定式”①It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do sth. (adj.为necessary，important等)It is easy for us to learn English.②It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋to do sth. (adj.为人的品质，clever，good，kind等)“It is stupid of you to write down everything”，the teacher says.③It＋be＋名词＋to do sth.It's our duty to take good care of the old.④It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do sth.It seemed impossible to save money.(2)把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(3)带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him.2、作表语动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征，通常放在连系动词（主要是be动词）后。
1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.注意：不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
动词不定式精讲精练
动词不定式精讲精练一不定式1. 不定式的一般式(to do)表示不定式的.动作将要发生或与谓语动作同时发生.He seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。
2 不定式的进行体(to be doing)表示不定式的动作正在发生.I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.不定式的完成体(to have done)表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生.He is well known to have invented the steam engine.二不定式的逻辑主语1 不定式的逻辑主语常不出现在句中.2 句子的主语,宾语有时是不定式的逻辑主语.3 不定式前"for+名词/代词"结构中的名词或代词也可以用来表示不定式的;逻辑主语.4 在"It+be+形容词+of+名词/代词+to do"结构中,名词或代词为不定式的逻辑主语.该结构中的形容词通常用来表示人的品质.例如:kind, good, nice, bad, cruel, honest, bold, thoughtful, right, wrong, wise, clever, silly, foolish, careless, rude等.例如:It's very kind of you to cal to tell me about the conference.三不定式的否定式不定式否定式由not/never +to do构成四不定式的句法功能1 不定式做主语1)To say something is one thing; to do it is another.2)It is not a good idea to build houses along the lines where two of the earth's plates join together.注:充当主语的不定式即可置于句首,位于谓语动词之前,也可作为句子的真正主语置于句末,用作形式主语.2 不定式作表语3)Her uncle seems to be acting rather strangely towards her these days.4)The purpose of the fence is to keep out a type of wild dog called a "Dingo".5)One suggested answer is for farmers to limit the number of their cattle.注:充当表语的不定式一般位于be ,seem等系动词后.3 不定式作宾语6)Shylock agreed to lend Antonio money on one condition.注:充当宾语的不定式位于及物动词后.常用不定式作宾语的动词有:agree, plan, determine, dare, refuse, hope, wish, expect, promise, choose, pretend, decide, manage, intend, offer, afford, demand.7)The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space.注:充当宾语的不定式如果有自己的表语,则可用代替只个不定式作为形式宾语,而作为真正宾语的不定式则放在表语之后.以it作为形式宾语的这种结构常用在think, feel, find, make, consider等动词之后.big and strong.4 不定式作宾语补足语8)The powder made from fish, blood and bones will make the cabbage plants grow big and strong.9)Portia told Bassanio to go to his friend at once.注:在下列动词后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to.这些动词是observe, notice, see, hear, watch, have, feel, make, let.但上述动词转换为被动语态时,其后的不定式须带to.例如:The cabbage plants will be made to grow。
初中英语动词不定式详细讲解+练习
动词不定式(to do)语法讲解动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成 (有时可以不带to)，其否定形式是“not to + 动词原形”。
它属于一种非谓语动词的形式,在句子中不能充当谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但它可以保留动词的性质,其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分（不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语）。
动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛,在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。
一、作主语（1）动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词常常用单数，例如：To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康。
To sweep the floor is my duty every day. 每天打扫地板是我的责任。
把以上两句变为it作形式主语的句子：（2）如果动词不定式太长，常常用it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置，例如：To learn English well is important. 对我们来说,学好英语是重要的。
It’s important for us to learn English well．It took me half an hour to walk there．我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。
it不作形式主语：___________________________________________________________ 二、作宾语（1）能够接动词不定式作宾语的有ask, agree, beg, decide, determine，fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 及would like/love 等动词，但finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest 等动词后面通常只能接动名词（doing）作宾语，例如：I hope to visit this place again.我希望能再度访问此地。
动词不定式专项讲解及训练(有答案)
动词不定式专项训练A. to solveB. to be solveC. being solvedD. solvingA. for her to returnB. that she must returnC. her returningD. of him to returnA. costs... to getB. costs... gettingC. takes... to getD. takes... gettingA. to explainB. to have been explainedC. to be explainedD. to be explainingA. to learnB. to be learningC. to have learnedD. to have been learningKeys: 1-5 A A C C C专项练习1.The flu is believed_______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A. causingB. being causedC. to be causedD. to have been caused2.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions needA. that. .. to be improvedB. which ... to be improvedC. where. . . to be improvingD. when.. . improving3.Remember_________the magazine when you have finished reading it.A. putting backB. having put backC. to put backD. will put back4.—I'm sorry I forgot________ your dictionary.—Let's use Li Hua's.A. to takeB. takingC. to bringD. bringingA. to do whatB. what to doC. doing whatD. what doingA. writing... phoningB. to write. . . to phoneC. writing... to phoneD. to write. . . phoning7.Tom is always forgetting things he has done. Yesterday, he forgot and looked for it eve-rywhere.A. to post the letterB. to have the letter postedC. to having posted the letterD. having posted the letterA. to be notB. not to beC. not beingD. being not9.My brother regretted _______ a lecture given by Prof. Wang.A. missingB. to missC. missedD. being missing10.I regret _______ you that we are unable to offer you a job.A. informingB. having informedC. to informD. to informing11.He felt tired with typing the lecture. So he stopped_______ a short break.A. havingB. to haveC. takingD. to taking12.In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies arestriving their products more competitive.A. to makeB. makingC. to have madeD. having madeA. to sit... weptB. to sit. .. weepingC. sit... weptD. sat. . . weeping14.—You have come just in time tohelp us.—Fine. What needs________________________?A. I doB. doneC. to be doneD. to do15.That evening, he set about_________ t he report_______ the next morning.A. write... to hand inB. to write.. . handing inC. written... to hand inD. writing... to be handed in16.There seemed nothing ________ to do but ________ f or the doctor.A. leave... sendB. left... to sendC. left... sendD. leaving... send17.Do you think it difficult________ a dolphin ________ ?A. to train... jumpingB. training... for jumpingC. to train... jumpD. to train... to jump18.I prefer _______ rather than_______ .A. to do some reading... watching TVB. doing some reading... watching TVC. to do some reading... watch TVD. doing some reading... to watch TV19.The two boys pretended _________ v ery hard, though they did nothing.A. studyB. studyingC. to be studiedD. to be studying Keys: 1-5 CACCB6-10 CDBAC 11-15 BAB CD 16-19CDCD专项练习1.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered clear warnings before firing any shots.A. to issueB. being issuedC. to have issuedD. to beissuedA. practise to singB. practise singingC. to practise to singD. to practise singing3.—What can we do to help Li Ming?A. making him to realizeB. making him realizeC. to make him realizeD. to make him to realizeA. disappearB. to disappearC. disappearingD. disappearedA. to writeB. writtenC. writeD. writingA. madeB. to makeC. makingD. to be makingA. saysB. sayingC. sayD. saidA. give upB. giving upC. to give upD. to giving upA. to commentB. commentC. to commentingD. being commentedA. reciteB. recitedC. recitingD. to reciteA. repeat the question againB. repeating the questionC. to repeating the questionD. to repeat the questionA. to be destroyedB. to have been destroyedC. to be destroyingD. to have been destroyingA. to go alongB. going alongC. went alongD. will goalongA. to get it to startB. get it startD. getting it startedC. to get it startedA. to sweepB. to be sweptC. should sweepD. being swept Keys:1-5 ADC AC6-10 CCCBA 11-15 DBACB1.—I'd like to buy a car made in Shanghai.—Okay, Sir. You have several models ________ .A. to chooseB. to be chosen fromC. to choose fromD. for choosing2.It's time________ rice.A. for transplantB. of transplantingC. to transplantD. to transplanting3.It is a very difficult problem. I need a few days_________ .A. of thinking over itB. to think it overC. of thinking it overD. to think over it4.People need homes _______ and food ________ .A. to live... to eatB. to live in... to eatC. live. . . to eatD. to live in... to eat for5.Columbus was the first _________ t he New Continent.A. to have discoveredB. to discoverC. discoveringD. having discovered Keys:1-5 CCBBB专项练习A. for the family to liveB. for the family to live inC. that the family can't live inD. that the family can't liveA. so everyone to understandB. for every one understoodC. for everyone to understandD. for understandingA. to get along withB. to get alongC. to be got along withD. to getting along withA. for us in followingB. for us to be followedC. to be followedD. for us to followA. to drink itB. to be drunkC. to drinkD. to be drinkingA. to seeB. for to seeC. for seeingD. seeing7. _______ , I don't want to argue with them about the matter.A. To tell you the truthB. Telling the truthC. Having told you the truthD. Out of the truthA. to not frightenB. so as not to frightenC. in order to not frightenD. for not frighteningA. showing me the wayB. as to show me the wayC. to show me the wayD. so you can show me the wayA. to leaveB. that he leavesC. as to leaveD. leavingKeys:1-5 BCADC6-10 AABCC专项练习vi. 不定式的时态与语态意义1. 不定式的时态意义1)一般式：不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或是在其后发生。
动词不定式 讲解、专项练习及答案
初中英语语法（动词不定式）1．不定式的基本形式与结构动词不定式指通常由to加上动词原形(如to write) 所构成的一种非限定性动词形式，但在有些情况下to可以省略。
动词不定式有进行体和完成体(如上to be writing，to have written)，也有被动态(如to be written)，所有的主动词，不论是及物动词还是不及物动词，也不论是动作动词还是状态动词，都有不定式形式。
助动词除be和have外，没有不定式形式。
动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
2．不定式的用法1)不定式结构作主语1.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago．2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge．在上述情况下，如果不定式较长，显得头重脚轻，则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替)，而将不定式放到后面。
如：1.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago．2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time．不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的，即不定式的逻辑主语，通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达：1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review．2.It is not difficult fot those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid等)作表语时，不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语：1.It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
动词不定式练习题及讲解
动词不定式用法要点讲解一、作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
如：①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb+some time+to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.二、作宾语⒈不定式作宾语①以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。
如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,longmanage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等，这些词大部分可接th at引导的从句。
如：When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot.When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot.②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。
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动词不定式（The Infinitive）一、概述不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。
它有两种形式：（1）带to的不定式；（2）不带to的不定式（即通常所说的动词原形），它可以和助动词或情态动词构成谓语。
不定式既有动词性质，又有名词性质。
1）不等式具有动词性质，即它有时态和语态的变化；可有自己的宾语或状语并构成不等式短语。
如：Would you like to tell me an interesting story? 你可不可以给我讲一个有趣的故事？（不等式to tell有自己的宾语me和story）He was too clever a man to be fooled.他这个人很机灵，不会被愚弄的。
（不等式的被动语态）I’m going to go there by bike. 我想骑自行车去那儿。
（不定式有状语there）They will set up more primary schools in the countryside. 他们将在乡村修建更多的小学。
（不带to的不等式与助动词will一起构成谓语）但是，不等式没有人称和数的变化，即不受人称和单数、复数的限定或影响。
She likes to play the accordion. 她喜欢弹奏手风琴。
She liked to play the accordion when she was young. 她很小就喜欢弹奏手风琴。
2）不等式具有名词性质，即它在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语等。
如：To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。
（作主语）This suit doesn’t seem to fit me.这件衣服似乎不适合我穿。
（作表语）She wanted to see which shops offered the best service. 她想看看哪家商店提供最好的服务。
（作宾语）There’s no need to be worried. 不需要担心。
（作定语）He went there to see what would happen.他去那儿是想看看会出什么事。
（作状语）3）不等式虽然在语法上不能有主语，但它表示的动作，在意思上是可以有自己的主语，在语法上这个主语称为不等式的逻辑主语。
这个逻辑主语可能是整个句子的主语、宾语等，也可以用一个由for引起的短语表示。
如：His friends tried to encourage him. 他的朋友设法鼓励他。
（不等式的逻辑主语His friends同时也是句子的主语）Every year, tobacco companies must persuade new people to start smoking cigarettes.每年烟草公司要设法使一些比吸烟的人开始吸烟。
（不等式的逻辑主语new people是句子的宾语）It’s very difficult for a foreigner to learn Chines e. 外国人学汉语是很不容易的。
（不等式的逻辑主语由for引起的短语表示）另外，不等式的否定形式一般在它的前面直接加not或never。
The teacher has told me many times not to come late again.老师多次告诉我不要再来晚了。
She seems not to have a bright time with her new friends.和新朋友在一起她似乎过得不是太好。
二、不定式的主要用法动词不等式具有名词、形容词及副词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语（或主语）补足语、表语、定语、及状语等。
1、不定式作主语①不等式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
To conquer English is not easy. 征服英语不容易。
To make plan firs t is a good idea. 先制定计划是个好主意。
To know everything is to know nothing. 事事皆通，无一精通。
②不等式作主语时，常常用形式主语it替代，而将真正的主语不等式放在句子的后面。
It is necessary to master a foreign language.掌握一门外语很有必要。
It’s a great pleasure to see you again.再次见到你真高兴。
It is a bad manner to stare at a foreign guest.盯着外宾看是一种不良的举动。
③如果说明不等式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不等式的前面加一个for引起的短语，这就是常见的“It is adj./n. for sb. to do sth.”句式。
如：It is good manners for an Arab to stand close to his friends when they are talking.对阿拉伯人来说，交谈时站得离朋友近些是好的礼貌。
It is a great honor for us to be presented at the party.我们能来参加晚会，深感荣幸。
It will be a regret for us not to help him. 我们没有帮助他是个遗憾。
④在某些形容词（如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等）作表语时，不等式前常加一个以of引起的短语，来说明不等式指的是谁的情况。
这就是常见的“It is adj. of sb to do sth.”句式。
如：It’s very kind of you to think so much of us. 谢谢你替我们考虑这么多。
It is unwise of them to do like that. 他们那样做是不明智的。
It’s impolite of you to gossip about others.你们说别人的闲话是不礼貌的。
It’s careless of them to ignore this important point.他们忽视了重点，只是粗心。
2、不定式作宾语①英语中能以不等式作宾语的动词很多。
常见的有：like, want, wish, hate, prefer, hope, manage, try, offer, start, ask, forget, promise, pretend, intend, begin, attempt, decide, desire, agree, learn, choose, expect等等。
如：Don’t forget to bring your dictionary.不要忘记把你的字典带来。
He can’t afford to buy a car.他买不起小汽车。
I need to fetch a tape from a friend. 我需要去一个朋友处取一盒磁带回来。
We’ve decided to put on a short play next week. 我们决定下一周演一个小话剧。
Once you start to smoke, you cannot easily give it up. 一旦你抽上了烟，你就不容易戒掉。
I really like to watch football matches. 我非常喜欢看足球比赛。
How I wish to see my old friends again. 我多么想再见到我的老朋友啊！②当不等式作直接宾语，而后面还有宾语补足语时，通常把不等式放在补足语后面，而用形式宾语it来替代它。
如：I found it impossible to answer all the questions within the time given.我发现在限定的时间内回答所有的问题是不可能的。
She thought it unnecessary to argue with him about it.她觉得没有必要和他辩论这问题。
He made it a rule only to speak English in class. 他规定课上只能说英语。
I find it necessary to speak about our shortcomings. 我觉得有必要谈谈我们的缺点。
She feels it hardly to help others. 她认为帮助别人是她的责任。
③英语中介词后面通常要用动词的动名词形式。
但是下面的这些短语中的介词却例外：be about to +不等式，do nothing but, cannot help choose but, nothing except, nothing else than，cannot but 等。
如：He is about to go aboard to study. 他将出国学习去了。
The patient can not but follow the doctor’s instructions, though he doesn’t think it necessary.病人只得遵照医生的嘱咐，尽管他们认为没有必要。
These children did nothing except play all day long. 这些孩子除了整天玩外，什么都没做。
He did nothing else than laugh. 他只是笑。
He does everything except go to school. 他怎么也不上学。
I had no choice but to give up this chance to go aboard. 我没有办法只好放弃了此次出国的机会。
I have got nothing to do but depend on myself. 我没有办法只好依靠自己。
★ [注意] but、except用作介词（除……之外）接不等式，如前面有do/does/did时，不等式不带to，否则要带to。
再如：The lady can do nothing but give in. = The lady has no choice but to give in.3、不定式作宾语补足语在很多句子中，不定式用作宾语（名词或代词）的补足语，从而构成复合结构，即复合宾语。