doing做状语
doing 作定语和状语
3. 用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食是以前的 两倍。 Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
1. After we had found a hotel, we began to look for a restaurant. Having found a hotel, we began to look for a restaurant.
2. Because we didn’t know her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
3. As I hadn’t got an answer, I decided to write him another letter. Not having got an answer, I decided to write him another letter.
a. John hurt his leg while he was playing football. Playing football, John hurt his leg. While playing football, John hurt his leg. b. The man turned round from time to time as if he was searching for someone. The man turned round from time to time , searching for someone. The man turned round from time to time , as if searching for someone.
动词-ing-形式作状语
with joy.
= Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. • 作原因状语 Because I was tired, I stopped to take a rest
= Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. Because we don’t know her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. = Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
1 Feeling tired, I went to bed .
2 Having finished the work , I went to bed .
• 作时间状语 While I was walking along the street, I met Mary
= Walking along the street, I met Mary.
• 作条件状语 If you turn the left, you will find the school
= Turning to the left, you will find the school. If you work hard, you'll succeed.
=Working hard, you'll succeed. • 作让步状语
3 Having done …表主动，时间先于谓语动词
Having praised his students,he went home.
in doing作状语
in doing作状语摘要：I.引言A.介绍“in doing”作状语的概念B.说明本文的主要内容II.“in doing”作状语的语法规则A.“in doing”作状语的定义B.“in doing”作状语的语法结构C.“in doing”作状语的时态和语态III.“in doing”作状语的用法实例A.举例说明“in doing”作状语的用法B.分析各个例句中的“in doing”作状语的作用IV.“in doing”作状语在写作中的应用A.如何使用“in doing”作状语提高写作质量B.“in doing”作状语在各种写作类型中的运用V.结论A.总结“in doing”作状语的重要性和应用B.展望“in doing”作状语在未来的发展趋势正文：I.引言“In doing”作状语是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它主要用于描述动作在进行过程中所处的状态。
通过使用“in doing”，我们可以在句子中表达更加丰富的含义。
本文将详细介绍“in doing”作状语的语法规则、用法实例以及在写作中的应用，帮助大家更好地理解和运用这一语法知识。
II.“in doing”作状语的语法规则“in doing”作状语的定义：在英语中，“in doing”作状语通常表示“在...过程中”或“在...进行时”，用来描述动作正在进行的状态。
它由“in”和动词的现在分词形式组成，如：in progress（在进行中）、in action（在行动中）。
“in doing”作状语的语法结构：通常出现在句子中动词后面，作状语修饰动词。
如：- She is in doing her homework.（她正在做作业。
）- They were in doing the experiment when we arrived.（我们到达时，他们正在做实验。
）“in doing”作状语的时态和语态：由于“in doing”表示的是动作正在进行的状态，所以它的时态通常与句子中的谓语动词保持一致。
动词-ing形式作宾补和状语
8. I left children ____(watch) television.
9. The policeman caught two boys ____(fight) in the street． 10. With the exam ____(draw)near, we all felt anxious. keys:1. lying 2. grow 3. rising 4. hoping 5. adding 6. Not having received 7. Having suffered 8. watching 9. fighting 10. drawing
（2）I often hear him sing this song.我经常 听到他唱这首歌。
注：①see sb./sth. doing变成被动语态，其 结构是sb./sth. be seen doing，doing在这里成 了主语补足语。 The missing boy were last seen playing near the river。那个失踪的男孩最后一次被看到是 在河边玩耍。
Working in the factory, she made a lot of factory. 在工厂工作期间，她交了很多朋 友。
Being ill, the boy didn’t come to school.因为 病了，那个男孩没有来学校。
Working hard, you will succeed.努力学习， 你就会成功。
Not knowing his telephone number, we couldn' t get in touch with him. 由于不知道 他的电话号码，我们没法与他联系。
doing作状语
doing作状语1.用法:动词ing作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作。
通常可转化成与之相对应的状语从句。
2.分类：(1)作时间状语e.g. Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.= When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend.Having finished the work, he went to see his teacher.= After he had finished the work, he went to see his teacher.(2)作原因状语e.g. Being too young, he couldn't join the army.= As he was too young, he couldn't join the army.Not knowing how to get there, I had to ask the way.= As I did not know how to get there, I had to ask the way.(3)作条件状语e.g. Working hard, you'll make great progress.= If you work hard, you'll make great progress.(4)作结果状语e.g. His parents died, leaving him an orphan.= His parents died and left him an orphan.The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.=The snow lasted a week, and resulted in a serious trafficconfusion in the whole area.注意:动词ing形式与不定式均可作结果状语，区别是：动词ing 形式表示顺其自然、意料之中的结果，而不定式则表示不愿看到的、出人意料的结果。
doing,主谓宾,adj作状语句型
doing,主谓宾,adj作状语句型
"doing" 在英语中通常用作动词的现在分词形式，它可以作为句子的主语、谓语、宾语或状语。
以下是一些示例：
1. 主语：Doing exercise is good for your health.
2. 谓语：I am doing my homework.
3. 宾语：She likes doing yoga.
4. 状语：Doing the dishes, she sang a happy song.
主谓宾是英语中最基本的句子结构。
一个简单句通常由主语（subject）、谓语（verb）和宾语（object）组成。
例如：
主谓宾结构：I (主语) love (谓语) you (宾语).
形容词作状语通常用来描述动词或整个句子的状态或性质。
例如：
She walked quickly, anxious to arrive at the party.
在这个句子中，“quickly”是形容词，用作状语，描述了“walked”这个动作的方式。
而“anxious”是形容词，用作状语，描述了“she”这个主语的状态。
doing sth 作状语的分类
doing sth 作状语的分类☆一般来说，-ing形式表示主动、实行；过去分词表示被动、完成。
☆-ing形式作状语，能够表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
如：▲doing sth.作时间状语：﹡Seeing my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them.﹡Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.=When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.﹡(When) Hearing the news, he got frightened.= When he heard the news, he got frightened.﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.﹡Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.﹡Having received his letter, I decided to write back.▲doing sth.作原因状语：Being a teacher，you should help your students in every way.Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.Not knowing her address, I can't write to her.Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.Having eaten too much, he couldn’t go to sleep.▲doing sth.作结果状语：﹡There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.making it difficult to travel from place to place 是结果状语。
非谓语动词doing和done做状语的用法技巧
高中英语秋季班（教师版）11 / 6初三英语同步课程秋季班-高中英语-复习课-写作技巧22 / 6初三英语同步课程秋季班-高中英语-复习课-写作技巧v1.0 可编辑可修改33 / 6初三英语同步课程 秋季班-高中英语-复习课-写作技巧一、用动词的适当形式填空：非谓语动词作状语大多相当于一个状语从句A.作时间状语：eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.= _______________, they couldn’t help crying.②When/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were deeply impressed by the city’s new look.While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer. ③_______ (finish) his work, he went home.=_____________, he went home.B.作原因状语：Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad.=____________, he could not afford to travel abroad.________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder._______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away._____ (not know) her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.②______ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost._________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up.知识点讲解=_____________.C.方式/伴随状语;Eg.)①She watched the film, _____ (weep ) and ___ (sigh).②The teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot of students.D.作条件状语：Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better.=______________ , I would have done the job far better.②(If) _____ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time.E.作结果状语：(意料中的结果)Eg.)① The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves.②The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay.区别: 不定式表示意外的结果eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left.F.作让步状语：Eg.)①Though ____ (rain) heavily, it cleared up very soon.= _____________, it cleared up very soon.②Though _____ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.分词作状语时, 需注意事项:A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是________ :____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful.___ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city二、使用doing和done简化以下状语从句：44 / 6初三英语同步课程秋季班-高中英语-复习课-写作技巧1.When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到达之后，来个电报。
动词-ing形式作状语
5. （2011·陕西高考）More highways have been built in China,
_______ it much easier for people to travel from one place to
another.
A. makiΒιβλιοθήκη gB. madeC. to make
D. having made
（4）为了强调结果，可在动词-ing形式前面加副词thus。 *The bus held up in the traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 公共汽车陷入了交通堵塞中，结果耽搁了。 （ 5 ） 在 动 词 -ing 形 式 前 加 though/although 表 示 让 步 ， 加 if/unless表示条件。 *Though trying hard, he failed. 尽管他非常努力，他还是失败了。 *If getting there on time, we will catch the bus. 如果准时到达那里，我们就能赶上汽车。
动词-ing形式作状语 marrying her
leaving school
knowing what to do
【语法精点】 一、基础点拨 1. 动词-ing的形式。
主动式
被动式
时间意义
一般式 doing
being done
与谓语动作同时进行或 紧接着发生
完成式 having done
having been done
（2）动词-ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动作 之前。
*Having finished his homework, he went home. 完成作业后，他就回家了。（表示动作的完成）
非谓语动词doing的 用法
非谓语动词——doing（现在分词，动名词）（1）功能：在句子能做主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语和状语, 但不能单独做谓语.一：作主语Playing basket ball is very interesting .Surfing the internet could help people feel less lonely.His coming gave us great encouragement.Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.还可以用it作为形式主语。
It is no good playing games on line.It is no use saying without action.It was great fun walking along the river.It is a waste of time playing the online game.It is worthwhile attending the social activity.二作宾语：He enjoys playing the guitar.（concider,finish,imagine,keep,practise,permit,prevent,risk,admit,avoid,,appreciate,excuse,delay,mind, miss,escape,dislike，abandon,oppose, tolerate/bear/stand）Her sister is good at making friends.(look forward to,be used to,devote to ,get down to,stick to, object to ,give up,go on, insist on, have difficulty/trouble in,be busy with, be fond of ,feel like,be worth)三作定语：The sleeping child is only five monhs old.There are some students reading books in the reading room.He received a letter asking for advice.四作宾语补足语：（V+宾+doing）We saw the sun rising from the east when we stood on the hill.I didn’t notice him sleeping in bed.The teacher kept the student standing out of the classroom all the morning.可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有感官动词see, watch, hear, listen to, notice , observe, feel, find,catch 和使役动词have, keep, get, leave等。
doing作状语
条件状语从句与doing的转换
要点一
如果条件状语从句中主语与主句 主语一致，且含有情态动词或…
“If you come early, you will see him.” 可转换为 “Coming early, you will see him.”
表示导致结果的原因
动词-ing形式还可以表示导致某种结果的原因，强调动作与 结果之间的因果关系。
表示条件
相当于if引导的条件状语从句
动词-ing形式可以表示条件，相当于if引导的条件状语从句的简化形式。
表示假设条件
动词-ing形式也可以表示假设条件，即某个动作或状态如果发生或存在，将会 导致什么样的结果。
Although raining heavily, they still went out.（尽管雨下得很大，他们还是出去了。 ）
过去分词作状语
表示时间
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.（一旦看到，就永远不会忘 记。）
表示条件
Given more time, we could have done it better.（如果给我们更 多的时间，我们可以做得更好。）
02
动词-ing形式作状语
表示时间
与谓语动词同时发生
动词-ing形式可以表示与谓语动词同 时发生的动作或状态，相当于一个时 间状语从句。
发生在谓语动词之前
动词-ing形式也可以表示发生在谓语 动词之前的动作，相当于一个时间状 语从句的简化形式。
having done doing作状语
having done doing作状语
“having done doing”作状语是指两个或多个动词短语连接在一起，其中一个是完成时态，表示先发生的动作。
这种结构通常用于描述某个动作在另一个动作之前已经完成。
以下是一些“having done doing”作状语的示例：
1.Having finished her work, she went home. （完成了工作之后，她回家
了。
）
2.Having spoken to his parents, he felt more relaxed. （和父母谈过之后，
他感到更加放松了。
）
3.Having cooked dinner, he realized he was tired. （做好了晚饭之后，他
发现自己很疲惫。
）
总结一下，“having done doing”作状语是指描述某个动作在另一个动作之前已经完成的情况，这种结构常用于连接两个动词短语，强调先后顺序。
动词ing做状语
3. _________ the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match. A. To clean B. Having cleaned C. Cleaned D. Cleaning
4. ______ a reply, he decided to write again. A.Not receiving B. Receiving not C.Not having received D. Having not received
(3)-ing分词短语作让步状语，可以与though, although等引导的让 步状 语从句相互转化。 (1) Although he had known all this, he made me pay for the damage. 尽管他已经知道了一切情况，他还是要我赔偿损失。 ______ _______ _______ all this, he made me pay for the damage. _______ _______ all this, he made me pay for the damage. (2) Although she had made up her mind to study, she still wanted to play. 尽管她已经下定决心学习，但她仍然想玩。 ______ _______ _______ up her mind to study, she still wanted to play. _______ _______ up her mind to study, she still wanted to play.
(1) If you turn to the left, you will find the path to school. ____ _____ to the left, you will find the path to school. _____ to the left, you will find the path to school. (2) If you keep on working hard, you will succeed sooner or later. ____ _____ on working hard, you will succeed sooner or later. _____ on working hard, you will succeed sooner or later.
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Unit 5 Grammar ：Revising the –ing form.
♥学习目标：
(1) 动词-ing形式作状语可表示：时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等。
(2) 动词-ing形式的完成式：
主动：Having + p.p. …, 主语+ 谓语
被动：(Having been) + p.p. …, 主语+ 谓语
【重点难点】灵活应用V-ing作状语
一.第一关：判断Ving 在句中的成分
1.The child ran out of the room, laughing and talking.
2.Seeing nobody at home, Linda decided to leave them a note.
3.If having more time, we can do it better.
4.Though living near her house,I seldom see her .
5.The child fell, striking his head.
分词作状语表示时间、_____\______\____\______\______，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语______，Ving表示的动作与主语之间含有逻辑上的_____关系。
第二关：把V-ing改成状语从句做状语
ing out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting.
2.Waking up in the middle of the might, She saw her room was as bright as day.
3. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa ____ ______TV.)
4. Though having little money, he always helped the poor.
(=_____ ____ ________little money, he always helped the poor.
5.Being too fat, he couldn’t join the army.
6.Having more time, I will do the work much better.
归纳：V-ing做状语，其前往往可以加-------------------------------------等连词，构成“连词+V-ing”结构。
第三关：把状语从句改成V-ing做状语
1.When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend.
= ，I came across an old friend.
2.As he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
= ，he didn’t go to school.
3. If you use your head, you'll have a good idea.
= , you'll have a good idea.
4.Though he worked very hard, he didn't feel a bit tired.
= , he didn't feel a bit tired.
5 Her husband died ten years ago and left her with three children to look after
= Her husband died ten years ago,
6．He came in the classroom and sang a song.
= He came in the classroom,
第四关：把状语从句改成分词做状语
1.Because I had finished my homework, I went to bed.
2. Because he had smoked too much, he suffered from lung cancer.
3. After she had finished her work, she went home.
4. As we have invited him here to speak, we’d better go to his lecture.
5Though I have been told many times, I still make the same mistake again.
6 After he had been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking.
第五关：归纳：非谓语动词的否定形式是
1. _________(not know ) her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
2____________ (not receive ) his reply, I decided to write a letter again.
3__________ (not know)how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help
4、As the child had never seen a rainbow before,he was very excited.
第六关:Time________ (permit), I will pay a visit to the whole city.
(=If ___ ___, I will pay a visit to the whole city.
She -----------（be）ill, her mother had to look after her at home.
=Because ------------- ----------,her mother had to look after her at home.
The meeting -----------（be）over, we went to play football.
= When -------- -----------,we went to play football
Both hands ______(tie),the thief came to the police station.
So many people______(help)him, he is sure to succeed.
归纳总结：V-ing的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，可把逻辑主语--------------，构成-------------------结构。
有些固定用-ing短语作独立成分：
Judging from/by, Generally speaking, Speaking of, Talking of, Frankly speaking, Considering that, Supposing that, Seeing
归纳与总结：。