初中形容词和副词讲解与练习

4.不于其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变，用‘比较级+and+比较级’结构，意思是‘越来越···’The weather is getting warmer and warmer .
5.表示一方随另一方的变化而变化，用‘the+比较级，the+比较级’结构，意思是‘越···就越···’The more you eat, the fatter you will be .
quickly--more quickly--most quickly happily--more happily--most happily
有些形容词和副词的比较等级用-er,-est或者more,most皆可，如clever,lovely等。
表示“较不---”和“最不----”时，可用less和least.
3.做宾语宾语补足语（此时，形容词的位置在宾语之后）。e.g. She made her mother angry.
4.形容词在句中的位置。
形容词做定语修饰名词时，放在名词前面。修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后。
She is a clever girl.
I saw something white in the water.
形容词和副词讲解与专项练习
一、形容词
（一）定义：用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的特征或性质。
（二）用法
1.做定语(此时，形容词的位置在被修饰名词之前)。e.g. This is an old house.
2.做表语（此时，形容词的位置在连系动词之后）。e.g. I am sorry to hear that.
主语+...not+as/so+原级+as+比较对象(前者不如后者那么....)
The coat is as old as that one .
The weather inBeijingis not as/so hot as that inShanghai.
(2)原级的特殊用法
1)表示"是....的几倍".句型: .....times +as +原级+ as .....
C. The hard, the better D. The harder, the good
( )4. Jack has three friends. Mike is theof the four.
A. most cleverestB. more cleverC. cleverestD. clever
最高级的用法
1.三者或三者以上之中的‘最’，用形容词，副词的最高级。形容词最高级前必须加冠词the，副词最高级前的the可省略，常用的结构为：‘A+be+the+形容词，副词最高级+in（of）+表示范围的短语’。
He is the tallest boy in our class .
2.用比较级的形式，表达最高级的含义
This house is three times as large as that one .
He can run five three times as fast as his brother.
2)表示"...的一半...".句型: .....half as +原级+ as ...
My money is not half as much as yours.
2.要表示‘···不如···’，用‘less+原级+than’结构
This book is less difficult than that one .
3.表示‘两者人，事物之间，比较···的’，用‘the+比较级+名词+of+the+名词或代词’结构
Bob is the taller boy of the two boys.
The students here are all fromHubei.
3.作表语。e.g.What is on this evening?(今晚上演什么节目。）
4.作宾语补足语。e.g.Don't let him in.
三 形容词和副词的比较等级
在英语中形容词和副词有原级，比较级和最高级之分。原级就是它们的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。
A. popular B. more popular C. less popular D. the most popular
( )3. —Remember, boys and girls.you work,result you will get.
—We know, Miss Gao.
A. The better, the harder B. The harder, the better
C. Who is oldest in our class? _____
D. He thinks math is importanter than Chinese.______
E. This work is very harder than that one.________
F. He lives farer than any other student in your class._______
6.表示‘几倍于···时’，用‘倍数+as···as’或用‘倍数+比较级+than’表示
Our room is three times larger than yours .
Our room is three times as large as yours .
7.用much，far ,still ,even , a lot , a little ,a bit等词来修饰比较级，表示程度，放在比较级之前。如：It’s much warmer today .
E. Li Lei speaks English _______ (well) in his group.
F. Lucy runs _____ (slow) than Lily.
3．改正下列句子中一处的错误。
A．Tom comes to school late than Jim._____
B. Which do you like better , cats ,dogs, or chickens? _____
B. Li Lei is _____(young) boy in his class.
C.I think English is ______ (interesting) than any other subject.
D. David has ____ (many) story books of all the students.
二、副词
（一）定义：用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句。（有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。方法是在形容词词尾加上’ly’.如：bad-badly, careful-carefully.等，在变化时要注意词尾是’y’的，要把’y’改为’I’再加’ly’。如：lucky-luckily. busy-busily等。另外以e结尾的，大部分直接加ly.如：wide-widely, brave-bravely等。还有几个特殊的要去e后再加ly.如：true-truly terrible-terribly等。
difficult---less difficult---least difficult
interesting---less interesting---least interesting
2.不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
形容词修饰带有表量度的词或者词组时定语后置。
The bridge is one hundred meters long .
5.某些形容词前加上定冠词the，可以代表一类人或东西，可以用作主语，宾语等。做主语时当复数看待。e.g.
The old are well looked after.
We all love the beautiful.
比较级+than+（1）.any other+单数名词或（2）.+all the other+复数名词(3).+anyone else (4).+any of the other +复数名词
Tom is taller than any other student in our class .
3.最高级可以被序数词及much，by far, nearly, almost等修饰，表示程度。
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest源自文库
(二)形容词和副词级的用法
原级:
(1)原级的基本用法
句型:主语+谓语动词+as+原级+as+比较对象(前者与后者一样...)
(一)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化
1.规则变化
单音节词和部分双音节词
(1)一般在词尾加er,est. hard---harder---hardest great---greater---greatest
(2)以字母e结尾的加r,st. nice---nicer----nicest able---abler----ablest
(3)重读闭音节中末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写辅音字母，再加er,est.
big---bigger---biggest fat---fatter---fatter red---redder---reddest
thin---thinner---thinnest hot---hotter---hottest wet---wetter---wettest
3)表示"尽可能......".句型: .....as +原级+ as possible/one can.
We should get up as early as possible/we can.
比较级的用法
1.两者相比（甲大于乙），用比较级+than表示
This room is bigger than that one .
short__________late _____ _______little ____ _____
beautiful ___ ____fat _____ ______red ______ ______
2．用所给的形容词副词的适当形式填空。
A. Tom is ____ (tall) than Jim.
4．单项选择
( )1. The air inBeijingis getting muchnow than a few years ago.
A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest
( )2. Nowadays science fiction isn’t asas cartoons among teenagers.
（二）用法
1.作状语。e.g.
They work hard .(副词修饰动词）
They are quite right .（副词修饰形容词）
He park the car very easily .（副词修饰副词）
Unfortunately, he was out.（副词修饰整个句子）
2.作定语（时间副词和地点副词可以做后置定语）。e.g.
The Yellow River is the second longest river inChina.
四、专项训练
1．写出下列形容词副词的比较级最高级。
young ____ ______nice _____ ______far _____ ______
early ___________much _____ ______ delicious __ ___
(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的词，先改y为i再加er.est
多音节词和部分双音节词,在其前加more,most.
polite---more polite---most polite exciting---more exciting---most exciting
interesting-more interesting-most imnteresting carefully--more carefully--most carefully