2014高三冲刺卷3
山东省2014届高三高考仿真模拟冲刺考试(三)理综 Word版含答案.pdf
27.(12分)
(1)?生物群落 。 2 条,?捕食 ?, 双向传递 ?。(2分)
(2)草固定的太阳能, 草 。食物链?。(3) 300 。(2分)
(4) 引入天敌,使用性外激素(2分)(其他合理答案均给分) 。
34.【生物—生物技术实践】(12分)
(1)MS
启动细胞分裂、脱分化和再分化(2分)
6.如图,从没有经过饥饿处理的植物的同一叶片上陆续取下面积、厚薄相同的叶圆片,称其干重。假定在整个实
验过程中温度不变,叶片内有机物不向其他部位转移。以下分析正确的是:
( )
A.三个叶圆片的质量大小关系一定是z>x>y
B.叶圆片z在4小时内的有机物积累量为(z-x-2y)g
C.叶圆片z在后2小时内的有机物制造量为(z+x-2y)g
C.用溴水既可以鉴别甲烷和乙烯,也可以除去甲烷中的乙烯
D.乙烯和苯均能发生氧化反应,说明乙烯和苯分子中均有碳碳双键
11.设计如下装置探究HCl溶液中阴、阳离子在电场中的相对迁移速率(已知:Cd的金属活动性大于Cu)。恒温下
,在垂直的玻璃细管内,先放CdCl2溶液及显色剂,然后小心放入HCl溶液,在aa’处形成清晰的界面。通电后,可观察
山东省2014年高考仿真模拟冲刺卷(三)
理科综合
本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分,共1页。满分300分。考试用时150分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(必做,共107分)
以下数据可供答题时参考
相对原子质量:N 14 O 16 S 32
Fe 56
一、选择题(本小题包括13小题,每题5分,每小题只有一个选项符合题意)
A.原子半径:丙>乙>甲>丁
B.气态氢化物的稳定性:甲>丙
C.最高价氧化物对应的水化物的酸性:丁>甲
孝感市三中2014届高三物理复习新信息题最后冲刺模拟卷(三))
孝感市三中2014届高三物理复习新信息题最后冲刺模拟卷(三) 陈老师本试卷是高三下学期最后冲刺复习训练卷,题目紧扣新教材和2014年考试大纲。
主要是从基础、能力和物理知识的应用而组编试卷,试卷体现题目新,把握考点准,尤其是计算题是关注近三年的高考试题而设置的,实合老师和学生最后复习参考和训练。
试卷用时:90分钟 分值为110分 学校: 班级: 姓名: 分数: 本卷由客观题和主观题组成一、 选择题 :(本大题由8小题组成,每小题6分,共48分。
在下面题中1—5小题为单选题6—8小题为多选题。
选对得6分,少选得3分,选错或不选得零分。
)1、如图所示,在粗糙水平地面上放着一个截面为四分之一圆弧的柱状物体A ,A 的左端紧靠竖直墙,A 与竖直墙之间放一光滑圆球B ,整个装置处于静止状态.把A 向右移动少许后,它们仍处于静止状态,则下列判断正确的是:( ) A .A 对地面的压力减小B .B 对墙的压力增大C .A 与B 之间的作用力减小D .地面对A 的摩擦力增大2、a 、b 、c 、d 分别是一个菱形的四个顶点,∠abc=120º+Q 分别固定在a 、b 、c 三个顶点上,则下列判断正确的是:( A .d 点电场强度的方向由d 指向OB .O 点处的电场强度是d 点处的电场强度的2倍C .bd 连线为一等势线D .引入一个电量为+q 的点电荷,依次置于O 点和d 点, 则在d 点所具有的电势能大于在O 点所具有的电势能3、A 、B 两质点在同一直线上运动,t=0时刻,两质点从同一地点运动的t x -图象如图所示,则下列说法正确的是:( ) A .A 质点以20m/s 的速度匀速运动d+B .B 质点先沿正方向做直线运动,后沿负方向做直线运动C .经过4s ,B 质点的位移大于A 质点的位移D .在图示的运动过程中,A 、B 两质点之间的距离在0~4s 内某一时刻达到最大 4、设想在地球赤道平面内有一垂直于地面延伸到太空的轻质电梯,电梯顶端可超过地球的同步卫星高度R (从地心算起)延伸到太空深处,这种所谓的太空电梯可用于低成本地发射绕地人造卫星。
上海市闵行区2014届高三三模冲刺文科数学试卷(带解析)
上海市闵行区2014届高三三模冲刺文科数学试卷(带解析)1.下列函数中,与函数3y x =的值域相同的函数为 ( )(A )112x y +⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭. (B )ln(1)y x =+. (C )1x y x +=. (D )1y x x=+. 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析:函数3y x =的值域为R ,而1102x y +⎛⎫=> ⎪⎝⎭,1111,x y x x +==+≠1[2,)(,2]y x x =+∈+∞-∞-只有ln(1)y x R =+∈,所以选B. 考点:函数值域2.角α终边上有一点)2,1(-,则下列各点中在角α2的终边上的点是 ( ) (A) (3,4). (B) (3,4)--. (C) (4,3). (D) (4,3)--. 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析:因为角α终边上有一点)2,1(-,所以sin αα==因此2243sin 22sin cos ,cos2cos sin ,55αααααα==-=-=-即角α2的终边上的点在第三象限,所以选C.考点:三角函数定义3.一无穷等比数列{}n a 各项的和为32,第二项为13,则该数列的公比为 ( ) (A )13. (B )23. (C )13-. (D )13或23.【答案】D 【解析】试题分析:设公比为,||1,0.q q q <≠由题意得1131,,123a a q q ==-消1a 得29920q q -+=解得11,13q a ==或121,.32q a ==A BM 0 1 m x(图一) 考点:无穷等比数列各项的和4.下图揭示了一个由区间()1,0到实数集R 上的对应过程:区间()1,0内的任意实数m 与数轴上的线段AB (不包括端点)上的点M 一一对应(图一),将线段AB 围成一个圆,使两端B A ,恰好重合(图二),再将这个圆放在平面直角坐标系中,使其圆心在y 轴上,点A 的坐标为(0,1)(图三).图三中直线AM 与x 轴交于点()0,n N ,由此得到一个函数)(m f n =,则下列命题中正确的序号是 ( )021)1(=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛f ; )()2(x f 是偶函数; )()3(x f 在其定义域上是增函数;)()4(x f y =的图像关于点⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛0,21对称.(A )(1)(3)(4).(B )(1)(2)(3).(C )(1)(2)(4). (D )(1)(2)(3)(4). 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析:由题意得:1()2f 对应点M 为1(0,1)π-,此时直线AM 与x 轴交于坐标原点,所以021)1(=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛f 成立,由于函数()f x 定义区间为()1,0,所以)()2(x f 是偶函数不成立,由题意得:直线AM 与x 轴的交点从左到右,因此)()3(x f 在其定义域上是增函数成立,根据直线AM 与x 轴的交点关于原点对称,而由021)1(=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛f 知)()4(x f y =的图像关于点⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛0,21对称成立.考点:函数对应关系5.集合2{|20}A x x x =-<,{|1}B x x =<,则A B 等于 .【答案】()1,2-【解析】试题分析:因为2{|20}(0,2),A x x x=-<={|1}(1,1),B x x=<=-所以结合数轴可得:(1,2).BA=-考点:集合运算6.函数=y的定义域是.【答案】(],0-∞【解析】试题分析:根据偶次根式下被开方数非负得:0.210,0.21,0x x x-≥≥≤,因此函数=y的定义域是(],0-∞.考点:函数定义域7.已知函数11()12xf x=,则1(1)f-=.【答案】1【解析】试题分析:因为11()2112xxf x==-,所以12()log(1),f x x-=+因此12(1)log2 1.f-==考点:反函数8.若复数11()12ib bi++∈-R的实部与虚部相等,则b的值为.【答案】2【解析】试题分析:因为111122ib i bi++=+-,所以由题意得:11, 2.2b b==考点:复数概念9.若对任意正实数a,不等式21<+x a恒成立,则实数x的最小值为.【答案】1-【解析】试题分析:因为对任意正实数a,不等式21<+x a恒成立,所以2min1,(0,)x a a-<∈+∞,因此2min10,11, 1.x x x-≤-≤≤=-考点:不等式恒成立10.等比数列{}n a的前n项和为n S,已知12323S S S、、成等差数列,则数列{}n a的公比为 . 【答案】13【解析】试题分析:设等比数列{}n a 的公比为,q 则由12323S S S 、、成等差数列得:22131111113,4()3()S S S a a q a a a q a q =++=+++4,因为10,a ≠所以23,q q =而0,q ≠所以1.3q = 考点:等比数列11.已知平面上四点O A B C 、、、,若1233=+OB OA OC= . 【答案】32【解析】试题分析:因为1233=+OB OA OC,所以12121122,,33333333OB OB OA OC OB OA OC OB +=+-=-12||2,||2||,.333||AB AB BC AB BC AC ===考点:向量表示12.如图,水平放置的正三棱柱111ABC A B C -的主视图是一边长为2的正方形,则该三棱柱的左视图的面积为 .【答案】32 【解析】主视图俯视图AACB BA 1C 1B 1 A 1B 1试题分析:,因此面积为32. 考点:三视图13.已知实数,x y 满足20102x y x y -≤⎧⎪-≤⎨⎪+≥⎩,则目标函数2u x y =+的取值范围是 . 【答案】[2,4] 【解析】试题分析:可行域表示一个三角形ABC ,其中(2,1),(2,0),(1,1).A B C 当直线2u x y =+过点A 时取最大值4,过点B 时取最小值2,因此2u x y =+的取值范围是[2,4].考点:线性规划求取值范围 14.某班级有3名学生被复旦大学自主招生录取后,大学提供了3个专业由这3名学生选择,每名学生只能选择一个专业,假设每名学生选择每个专业都是等可能的,则这3个专业中恰有一个专业没有学生选择的概率是 . 【答案】23【解析】试题分析:3名学生选择,每名学生各有3种不同选择,共有3327=种基本事件,若这3个专业中恰有一个专业没有学生选择,则必有一个专业有两个学生同时选,另一个专业有一个学生选,即有12133218,C C C =因此所求概率为182.273= 考点:排列组合15.函数()2sin 21f x x x =+-图像的对称中心是 .【答案】()10-,【解析】试题分析:因为函数()2sin 2g x x x =+为奇函数,对称中心是(0,0),因此函数()2sin 21f x x x =+-图像的对称中心是()10-,. 考点:奇函数性质,图像变换16.设12F F 、分别为双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的左、右焦点,若在双曲线右支上存在点P ,满足121235PF PF F F -=,则该双曲线的渐近线方程为 . 【答案】43y x =± 【解析】 试题分析:设1PF 中点为M ,因为212,PF F F =所以2MF 为2F 到直线1PF 的距离,即2112,2,4,MF a MF b PF b ===由122PF PF a -=得:422,2b c a b a c -==+,因此::3:4:5a b c =,双曲线的渐近线方程为b y x a =±,即43y x =±.考点:双曲线定义,双曲线渐近线17.设角α的终边在第一象限,函数)(x f 的定义域为[]1,0,且1)1(,0)0(==f f ,当y x ≥时,有)()sin 1(sin )()2(y f x f y x f αα-+=+,则使等式11()22f =成立的α的集合为 . 【答案】|2,6k k Z πααπ⎧⎫=+∈⎨⎬⎩⎭【解析】试题分析:令1,0x y ==得:1()(1)sin (1sin )(0)sin 2f f f ααα=+-=,令1,02x y ==得:211()()sin (1sin )(0)sin 42f f f ααα=+-=,由11()44f =得:21sin 4α=,又角α的终边在第一象限,所以1sin ,2α=因而α的集合为|2,6k k Z πααπ⎧⎫=+∈⎨⎬⎩⎭. 考点:抽象函数赋值法18.在直角坐标平面上,有5个非零向量12345a a a a a 、、、、,且1(1,2,3,4)k k a a k +⊥=,各向量的横坐标和纵坐标均为非负实数,若12345a a a a a l =++++(常数),则12345a a a aa ++++的最小值为 .【答案】 【解析】2试题分析:因为1(1,2,,2012)k k a a k +⊥=,所以13520a a a a 、、、、共线,2462012a a a a 、、、、共线. 又各向量的横坐标和纵坐标均为非负实数,所以2212320132221232013132013242012()()2()22a a a a l a a a a a a a a a a =+≥=++++++++++++++即12320132,a a a a ≥++++最小值为.考点:向量平行与垂直关系 19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2个小题满分8分。
2014年高考冲刺卷三(数学)配详尽解析
2014年高考冲刺卷三数学命题人:罗攀分值:150分 考试时间:120分钟一、选择题.(5’×10=50’)1.设集合M={1,2},N={a 2},则“a=1”是“N ⊆M”的( ) A . 充分不必要条件 B . 必要不充分条件 C . 充分必要条件 D . 既不充分又不必要条件 2.下列函数中,在其定义域内,既是奇函数又是减函数的是( )A . f (x )=B . f (x )=C . f (x )=2﹣x ﹣2xD . f (x )=﹣tanx3.若,则cotα等于( ) A . ﹣2 B .C .D . 24.下列命题:(1)若“22b a <,则b a <”的逆命题; (2)“全等三角形面积相等”的否命题;(3)“若1>a ,则0322>++-a ax ax 的解集为R”的逆否命题; (4)“若)0(3≠x x 为有理数,则x 为无理数”。
其中正确的命题是 ( )A.(3)(4)B.(1)(3)C.(1)(2)D.(2)(4) 5.设是定义在R 上的偶函数,且在]0,(-∞上是增函数, 设)2(),3(log ),7(log 2214f c f b f a ===,则,,,a b c d 的大小关系是() A. b a c << B. a b c << C. a c b << D. c b a <<6.函数ax x f x++=)110lg()(是偶函数,xx bx g 24)(-=是奇函数,则=+b a ( )A.1B. 1-C. 21-D. 217.阅读下面的程序框图,运行相应的程序,则输出s 的值为( )()f xA.8 B.18 C.26 D.808.O为平面上的定点,A、B、C是平面上不共线的三点,若,则△ABC是()A.以AB为底边的等腰三角形B.以BC为底边的等腰三角形C.以AB为斜边的直角三角形D.以BC为斜边的直角三角形9.反复抛掷一枚质地均匀的骰子,每一次抛掷后都记录下朝上一面的点数,当记录有三个不同点数时即停止抛掷,则抛掷五次后恰好停止抛掷的不同记录结果总数是()A.360种B.840种C.600种D.1680种10.已知椭圆的左、右焦点分别为F1(﹣c,0),F2(c,0),若椭圆上存在点P使,则该椭圆的离心率的取值范围为()A.(0,)B.()C.(0,)D.(,1)二、填空题.(5’×5=25’)11.若直线y=2a与函数y=|a x﹣1|(a>0且a≠1)的图象有两个公共点,则a的取值范围是.12.若不等式组的解集中所含整数解只有﹣2,求k的取值范围.13.(1+2x)n的展开式中x3的系数等于x2的系数的4倍,则n等于.14.如图是一个空间几何体的主视图、左视图、俯视图,如果主视图、左视图所对应的三角形皆为边长为2的正三角形,俯视图对应的四边形为正方形,那么这个几何体的体积为.15.定义在(﹣1,1)上的函数f(x)满足:对任意x,y∈(﹣1,1),恒成立.有下列结论:①f(0)=0;②函数f(x)为(﹣1,1)上的奇函数;③函数f(x)是定义域内的增函数;④若,且a n∈(﹣1,0)∪(0,1),则数列{f(a n)}为等比数列.其中你认为正确的所有结论的序号是.三、解答题(12’+12’+12’+12’+13’+14’=75’)16.已知△ABC的面积S满足,的夹角为θ.(Ⅰ)求θ的取值范围;(Ⅱ)求函数f(θ)=sin2θ+2sinθcosθ+3cos2θ的最大值.(12’)17.三棱锥P﹣ABC中,PA=PB=PC,∠ACB=90°,AC=CB=2.(Ⅰ)求证:平面PAB⊥平面ABC;(Ⅱ)若,且异面直线PC与AD的夹角为60°时,求二面角P﹣CD﹣A的余弦值.(12’)18.设函数y=f(x)满足:对任意的实数x∈R,有f(sinx)=﹣cos2x+cos2x+2sinx﹣3.(Ⅰ)求f(x)的解析式;(Ⅱ)若方程有解,求实数a的取值范围.(12’)19.某企业招聘工作人员,设置A、B、C三组测试项目供参考人员选择,甲、乙、丙、丁、戊五人参加招聘,其中甲、乙两人各自独立参加A组测试,丙、丁两人各自独立参加B组测试.已知甲、乙两人各自通过测试的概率均为13,丙、丁两人各自通过测试的概率均为12.戊参加C组测试,C组共有6道试题,戊会其中4题.戊只能且必须选择4题作答,答对3题则竞聘成功.(Ⅰ)求戊竞聘成功的概率;(Ⅱ)求参加A组测试通过的人数多于参加B组测试通过的人数的概率;(Ⅲ)记A、B组测试通过的总人数为ξ,求ξ的分布列和期望. (12’)20.设数列{a n}为单调递增的等差数列,a1=1,且a3,a6,a12依次成等比数列.(Ⅰ)求数列{a n}的通项公式a n;(Ⅱ)若,求数列{b n}的前n项和S n;(Ⅲ)若,求证:.(13’)21.已知函数.(Ⅰ)函数f(x)在区间(0,+∞)上是增函数还是减函数?证明你的结论;(Ⅱ)当x>0时,恒成立,求整数k的最大值;(Ⅲ)试证明:(1+1•2)•(1+2•3)•(1+3•4)•…•(1+n(n+1))>e2n﹣3.(14’)2014年高考冲刺卷三 数学答案及解析1.解:当a=1时,M={1,2},N={1}有N ⊆M 当N ⊆M 时,a 2=1或a 2=2有所以“a=1”是“N ⊆M ”的充分不必要条件 故选A 2.解:A 中,f (x )=是奇函数,但在定义域内不单调; B 中,f (x )=是减函数,但不具备奇偶性;C 中,f (x )2﹣x ﹣2x 既是奇函数又是偶函数;D 中,f (x )=﹣tanx 是奇函数,但在定义域内不单调; 故选C . 3.解:由得,∴cot α=﹣2, 故选A 4.【答案】A【解析】①②错误;对于③,21,44(3)120,a a a a a >∴∆=-+=-<∴Q ③正确,因此它的逆否命题也正确;④正确。
2014高考物理三轮冲刺经典试题 电场(必考试题,含2014模拟试题)
2014高考物理三轮冲刺经典试题电场(必考试题,含2014模拟试题)1.(2014重庆杨家坪中学高三下学期第一次月考物理试题,4)如右图所示,直角坐标系xOy,在x轴上固定着关于O点对称的等量异号点电荷+Q和-Q,C、D、E三点的坐标分别为C(0,a) ,D(b, 0) 和E(b, a) 。
将一个点电荷+q从O移动到D,电场力对它做功为W1,将这个点电荷从C移动到E,电场力对它做功为W2。
下列判断正确的是( )A.两次移动电荷电场力都做正功,并且W1>W2B.两次移动电荷电场力都做正功,并且W1=W2C.两次移动电荷电场力都做负功,并且W1=W2D.两次移动电荷电场力都做负功,并且W1>W22.(2014重庆名校联盟高三联合考试物理试题,4)如图所示,实线为不知方向的三条电场线,从电场中M点以相同速度飞出a、b两个带电粒子,运动轨迹如图中虚线所示,不计粒子的重力。
则()A.a、b一定是同性电荷的两个带电粒子B.沿M—P轨迹方向电势将降低,沿M—N轨迹方向电势将升高C.a粒子的加速度将减小,b粒子的加速度将增加D.a粒子的电势能增加,b粒子的电势能减小3.(2014天津蓟县邦均中学高三模拟理科综合能力测试,7)如图所示,在点O置于一个正点电荷,在过点O的竖直平面内的点A处,自由释放一个带正电的小球,小球的质量为m,带电量为q,小球落下的轨迹如图中实线所示,它与以O为圆心,R为半径的圆相交于B、C 两点,点O、C在同一水平线上,∠BOC = 30°,点A距OC高度为h,若小球过B点时的速度为v,则()A.小球运动到C点时的速度为B.小球运动到C点时的速度为C.小球从A点运动到C点的过程中,电场力所做的功为D.小球从A点运动到C点的过程中,电场力所做的功为4.(2013四川成都高三第二次诊断性检测理科综合试题,7)如图所示,竖直平面内有一固定的光滑椭圆大环,其长轴长BD=4L、短轴长AC=2L。
山东省2014届高三下学期高考仿真模拟冲刺考试英语试题(三)(解析版)
山东省2014届高三下学期高考仿真模拟冲刺考试英语试题(三)(解析版)本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分为150分。
考试用时120分钟。
第I卷(选择题,共105分)第一部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分55分)第一节语法和词汇知识(共10个小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1 ——Which of the two souvenirs do you like better?——blue one.of course.I think it's really most instructive one.A.A;the B.The;the C.The;a D.A;a2.is known to us is that tobacco contains nicotine and other harmful products,so you should give up smoking.A.As B.It C.What D.Which3Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others,,of course,made the others jealous.A.who B.that C.which D.what【答案】C【解析】试题分析句意:海伦对她最小的孩子比别的孩子好,当然这使得其他孩子很嫉妒。
分析结构可知此处是非限制性定语从句,排除BD选项,从句中缺少主语,指代前句话的内容,故答案选C。
考点:考查定语从句。
4.—Can I pay the bill by check?—Sorry,sir.But it's the management rules of our hotel that payment be made in cash.A.shall B.need C.will D.can5.The problem was very difficult to handle.We worked it out,__________ .A.too B.yet C.although D.though6.Then moment _________ Mary will always remember is _________ Mr.Black gave her a lot of valuable advice on how to improve her writing.A.when; that B.that; that C.that; when D.when; where7 Be sure to take a trip to the Wadesell.it's a long drive on a dirt road,it's well worth thetrouble.A.Only if B.Now that C.Even though D.In case【答案】C【解析】试题分析句意:一定要去Wadesell旅行。
2014年安徽高三物理冲刺卷三(PDF)
安徽物理冲刺卷314.在离地20m 高处以速度v 0竖直上抛一小球,当它到达上升最大位移的3/4时,速度为10m /s,不计空气阻力,取g =10m /s 2,则小球抛出后5s 内的位移及5s 末的速度分别为( )A.-25m,-30m /sB.-20m,-30m /sC.-20m,0 D.0,-20m /s15.如图所示,沿x 轴正方向传播的一列简谐机械波在某时刻的波形图为一正弦曲线,其波速为100m /s,下列说法中正确的是( )A.图示时刻后极短时间内质点b 的加速度一定减小B.该波的波长为4mC.该波的周期为0.05sD.率为50Hz16.利用如图所示的装置可以测定风力的大小,它的细长金属丝一端固定于悬点O ,另一端悬挂一个质量为m 的金属球㊂无风时,金属丝自然下垂;当受到沿水平方向吹来的风时,金属丝偏离竖直方向的角度为θ㊂则风力F 与θ㊁m 之间的关系式正确的是( )A.F =mg sin θB.F =mg cos θC.F =mg tan θD.F=mg cot θ17.如图所示为电子台秤的示意图,电源电动势为E ,内阻不计.若滑动变阻器上A ㊁B 间距离为L ,最大阻值等于电阻阻值R 0,保护电阻为一定值电阻,阻值也为R 0㊂两只弹簧的总弹力与形变量成正比,比例系为k ㊂不称物体时,滑片P 停在A 端㊂则所称重物的重力G 与电流的倒数1I的关系图象正确的是( )18. 发现”号航天飞机(STS Discovery OV-103)是美国国家航空暨太空总署(NASA)肯尼迪航天中心(KSC)旗下第三架实际执行太空飞行任务的太空梭㊂首次飞行是在1984年8月30日,美国东部时间2011年2月24日16时55分,发现号航天飞机 绝唱之旅”发射成功,26日与空间站对接,这是 发现”号最后一次造访空间站㊂下列关于 发现”号航天飞机和空间站对接的说法正确的是( )A.航天飞机先到达和空间站相同的轨道然后加速对接B.航天飞机先到达比空间站的轨道小的轨道然后加速对接C.航天飞机先到达比空间站的轨道大的轨道然后加速对接轨道置于竖直平面内,抛物线方程是y =x 2,轨道的下半部处在一个水平向外的匀强磁场中,磁场的上边界是y =a的直线(图中虚线所示),一个小金属环从抛物线上y =b (b >a )处以速度v 沿抛物线下滑,假设抛物线足够长,且不计空气阻力,则金属环沿抛物线运动的整个过程中损失的机械能的总量ΔE 为( )A.若磁场为匀强磁场,ΔE =mg (b -a )-12mv 2B.若磁场为匀强磁场,ΔE =mg (b -a )C.若磁场为非匀强磁场,ΔE =12mv 2D.若磁场为非匀强磁场,ΔE =mgb +12mv 221.(18分)Ⅰ.某探究小组的同学利用课外活动时间设计了如图所示的实验装置验证机械能守恒定律㊂弧形轨道末端水平,离地面的高度为H ㊂将钢球从轨道的不同高度h 处由静止释放,钢球的落点距轨道末端的水平距离为s ㊂(1)若轨道完全光滑,s 2与h 的理论关系应满足s 2=(用H ㊁h 表示)㊂(2)如图为根据理论计算得到的s 2-h 关系图线,据此可知,桌面离地距离H =m㊂(3)该同学经实验测量得到一组数据,如下表所示:H (×10-1m)2.003.004.005.006.00s 2(×10-1m 2)2.623.895.206.537.78请在坐标纸上作出s 2-h 关系图㊂(4)对比实验结果与理论计算得到的s 2-h关系图线(图中已画出),自同一高度静止释放的钢球,水平抛出的速率(填 小于”或 大于”)理论值㊂(5)从s 2-h 关系图线中分析得出钢球水平抛出的速率相差十分显著,你认为造成上述偏差的可能原因是㊂Ⅱ.学校实验室内有一只标称值为220Ω的半导体热敏电阻,同学们做了如下实验来测量该电阻的温度特性㊂(1)在室温下(约25℃)同学们正确使用多用表的欧姆档测该热敏电阻的阻值,表的示数如图甲所示,可判定他们测量时选用的是档,表的读数是Ω㊂(2)同学们想通过改变热敏电阻的温度并用伏安法测热敏电阻的阻值来研究热敏电阻的温度特性,他们准备了如下器材:①蓄电池(电动势为6V,内阻不计)及电键②伏特表(量程为0~6V,内阻很大)③安培表(量程为0~20mA,内阻Rg =10Ω)④定值电阻R 0(R 0=5Ω)图乙中给出了四个电路,其中应该选择的是㊂乙(3)同学们得到的实验数据如下表t /℃5.010.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0R /Ω585508412330275230202170144120103请你根据这些数据在如图丙所示的坐标纸上画出这个热敏电阻的电阻值随温度变化的关系图象(R -t 图象)(4)图丁是同学们利用这个热敏电阻制成的孵化器温度控制电路,其中控制电路的输入端A ㊁B 内接电路可等效为一个电动势为2.0V,内阻为100Ω的电源,当通过热敏电阻R 的电流大于等于2.0mA 时,控制电路动作,输出端的开关断开,加热器停止加热㊂孵化小鸡时,要求孵化箱恒温在39.5℃,为此,同学们将孵化箱的最高温度设定为40℃;为使恒温箱能在40℃的阻值应为Ω㊂22.(14分)如图所示,两个共轴的圆筒形金属圆形极板M ㊁N 分别接电源正极㊁负极,使两极板之间的区域内有沿半径向里的电场,电压为U ㊂N 极板上均匀分布着四个小孔O 1㊁O 2㊁O 3㊁O 4,N 极板内有半径为R 的圆形有界匀强磁场,磁场的方向垂直于纸面向外㊂一质量为m ㊁带电荷量为+q 的粒子,从紧靠M 板且正对小孔O 1的S 点由静止出发㊂如果该粒子经过一段时间的运动之后恰好又回到出发点S ,(不计重力,整个装置在真空中)则:(1)磁感应强度的大小是多少?(2)若粒子从S 经电场加速到O 1的时间为t 0,则该粒子经过多长时间回到出发点S?23.(18分)如图所示,两个圆形光滑细管在竖直平面内交叠,组成8”字形通道,在 8”字形通道底端B 处连接一逆时针方向转动的传送带AB ㊂已知传送带长L =11.5m,运动的速度v =3m /s,物块与传送带间的动摩擦因数μ=0.1㊂一质量m =1kg 的小滑块a 从传送带的A 端以速度v 0向右滑上传送带,到达B 端后沿 8”字形轨道的最低点B 向上运动,到达轨道最高点D 时速度为3m /s,此时恰好与轨道无作用力,然后进入水平㊁光滑的DE 管道,并与原来静止于E 处的小滑块b 发生碰撞(ab 均可视为质点)㊂已知碰撞后a 滑块沿原路返回,速度大小为碰撞前速度大小的13,而b 滑块从E 点水平抛出,其水平射程s =2.8m㊂已知E 处距地面的高度h =5.6m,重力加速度g 取10m /s 2,求:(1)碰后b 滑块的速度大小;(2) 8”字形管道上下两圆的半径r 和R ;(3)小滑块a 返回到管道B 点时对轨道的作用力大小;(4)小滑块a 的初速度v 0的大小;(5)小滑块a 从传送带的A 端滑到B 端的过程中产生的热量㊂24.(18分)如图所示,EF 为绝缘水平面,O 点左侧是粗糙的,右侧是光滑的,一轻质绝缘弹簧右端固定在墙壁上,左端与静止在O 点㊁质量为m 的不带电小物块A 连接,弹簧处于原长状态㊂质量为2m ,电荷量为q 的带正电物块B ,在水平向右㊁电场强度为E 的匀强电场作用下由C 处从静止开始向右运动,B 运动到O 点时与物块A 相碰(设碰撞时间极短,碰撞过程中无电荷量损失,A ㊁B 不粘连),碰后它们一起向右运动,当它们运动到D 点时撤去电场㊂已知物块B 与地面EO 段间的滑动摩擦力大小为0.2Eq ,物块B 和A 均可视为质点,弹簧的形变始终在弹性限度内,且CO =5L ,OD =L ㊂求:(1)撤去电场后弹簧的最大弹性势能;(2)返回运动的过程中,物块B 由O 点向左运动直到静止所用的时间㊂14.C 据v 02=2gH ,v 2-v 20=-2g ㊃34㊃H ,解得v 0=20m /s㊂抛出的物体在空中运动时间设为t ,则有:-20=20t -12gt 2,解得t =(2+22)s<5s,5s 后小球在地面静止,选项C 正确㊂15.B 波沿x 轴正方向传播,图示时刻质点b 的振动方向沿y 轴负方向,图示时刻后极短时间内质点b 的加速度一定增大,选项A 错误;选项B 正确;该波的周期为0.04s,选项C 错误;波的频率为25Hz,选项D 错误㊂16.C 对金属球进行受力分析,由平衡条件可判断风力F 和θ㊁m 的关系,C 正确㊂17.A 电子台秤上有重物时,G =kΔx ,变阻器在电路中的有效电阻R =R 0L (L -Δx )=R 0L (L -G k ),又因为I =E R 0+R,所以I =ER 0+R 0L (L -G k),整理得:G =2kL -EkLIR 0,A 正确㊂18.B 航天飞机在低轨道上运行时速度较大,突然加速后万有引力不足以提供在该轨道上运行所需的向心力,卫星会做离心运动而转到较高轨道上运行实现对接,选项B 正确㊂19.D 根据闭合电路欧姆定律知,内外电路的总电压之和等于电源电动势,滑动变阻器的滑动触头向左滑动,变阻器接入电路部分的电阻变大,电路中的总电流减小,电阻R 1和电源内阻上的电压降减小,电压表示数变大,且有ΔU =ΔU R 1+ΔU r ,知ΔU R 1=ΔIR <ΔU ,A 错误;电容器与R 1并联,故电容器所带的电荷量减小,减小量小于CΔU ,B 错误;电压表示数U 和电流表示数I 的比值表示变阻器的阻值,故比值增大,C 错误;根据电路欧姆定律,r +R 1=(ΔU R 1+ΔU r )/ΔI =ΔU /ΔI ,阻值r +R 1不变,D 正确㊂20.D 若磁场为匀强磁场,则小金属环进入或离开磁场时,磁通量会发生变化,并产生感应电流,产生焦耳热;当小金属环全部进入磁场后,不产生感应电流,小金属环最终在磁场中做往复运动,由能量守恒可得产生的焦耳热等于减少的机械能,即ΔE =12mv 2+mgb -mga =mg (b -a )+12mv 2,所以A 错误;B 错误;若磁场为非匀强磁场,则小金属环在非匀强磁场中运动过程中也发生电磁感应现象,产生焦耳热,最终静止在光滑曲面轨道的最低点,故减少的机械能的总量为ΔE =mgb +12mv 2,所以D 正确;C 错误㊂21.Ⅰ.(1)4Hh (2分)(2)0.5m (2分)(3)如图所示(2分)(4)小于(2分)(5)摩擦,钢球转动(回答任一即可得1分)解析:(1)设小球在轨道末端的速度为v ,由机械能守恒得:12mv 2=mgh ,由平抛规律得:H =12gt 2,s =vt ,整理得s 2=4hH ㊂(2)在s 2-h 关系图线中直线的斜率k =2×10-11×10-1=4h ,所以h =0.5m㊂Ⅱ.(1)×10(1分),260Ω(2分)(2)D(2分)(3)R -t 图象如答图所示㊂(2分)(4)755Ω(2分)解析:(2)因为热敏电阻的阻值与伏特表以及安培表的内阻相比较满足远小于伏特表的内阻,所以选安培表外接法;又据闭合电路欧姆定律得B 线路图中的最小电流为I =E /(R +R 0+Rg )=6/(260+5+10)=0.02A≫2mA,安培表将被烧坏,所以只能选D 线路,把定值电阻R 0与安培表并联从而扩大安培表的量程㊂(4)从热敏电阻的电阻值随温度变化的关系图象可以得出,40℃时热敏电阻的电阻值约为145Ω,此时据闭合电路欧姆定律I =E /(R +r +Ra )得:0.002=2/(145+100+Ra ),解得Ra =755Ω㊂22.解:(1)粒子在电场中加速,设末速度为v ,则qU =12mv 2(2分)v =2qUm(1分)进入磁场运动轨迹如图所示,设圆形轨道半径为R′,由几何关系得R′=R (1分)又粒子做圆周运动时m v 2R′=qvB(2分)整理得B =1R 2mUq(1分)(2)粒子在磁场中运动的时间t B =2πmqB=πR 2mqU(2分)粒子在电场中运动的时间t E =8t 0 (2分)结合周期性,粒子回到出发点S 经过的时间t =n (t B +t E )=8nt 0+nπR 2mqU(n =0㊁1㊁2㊁3 )(3分)23.解:(1)b 滑块离开DE 后做平抛运动h =gt 22(1分)s =v b t (1分)v b =7m /s (1分)(2)碰前a 在D 处恰好与轨道无作用力mg =mv 2Dr (1分)r =0.9m R =h -2r2=1.9m (1分)(3)小滑块从D 到B 过程中,据机械能守恒定律12mv′2B =12mv′2D +mgh (1分)在管道B 点,据牛顿第二定律F B -mg =mv′2BR (1分)代入数据解得F B =69.5N 据牛顿第三定律得小滑块a 对轨道有向下的压力,大小为69.5N (1分)(4)小滑块从B 到D 过程中,据机械能守恒定律12mv 2B =12mv 2D+mgh (1分)小滑块从传送带的A 端到B 端做匀减速直线运动a =μg (1分)v 2B -v 20=-2aL (1分)代入数据解得v 0=12m /s (1分)(5)小滑块从传送带的A 端到B 端的运动过程中v B =v 0-at (1分)此过程传送带的位移s 1=vt (1分)小滑块的位移s 2=L (1分)产生的热量Q =f (s 1+s 2)(1分)又f =μmg (1分)代入数据联立解得Q =14.5J (1分)24.解:(1)物块B 从C 至O 的过程中,在电场力和摩擦力的作用下做匀加速直线运动,设它到达O 点时的速率为v 0对B :由动能定理得(Eq -f )×5L =12(2m )v 20(2分)将f =0.2Eq 代入上式解得v 0=2EqLm(2分)A ㊁B 碰撞过程中,系统动量近似守恒,设碰后的共同速率为v 1由动量守恒定律由2mv 0=(m +2m )v 1(2分)解得v 1=23v 0=43EqLm(1分)碰后A ㊁B 一起向右运动,当速度减为零时,弹簧被压缩至最短,弹簧具有最大弹性势能E p max对于这一过程,由功能关系得EqL +12(3m )v 21=E p max (2分)解得E p max =113EqL (1分)(2)设它们返回O 点时,速率为v 2因从弹簧最短处返回到O 点的过程中,系统机械能守恒(1分)故E p max =12(3m )v 22(2分)解得v 2=1322EqLm(1分)在返回至O 点后,A ㊁B 将分离,之后B 物块将向左做匀减速直线运动,直到静止(1分)对B :由动量定理得-ft =0-2mv 2(2分)解得t =10322mLqE(1分)。
浙江省2014届高三高考模拟冲刺提优卷英语(三)
2014年浙江省高考模拟冲刺卷(提优卷)英语测试卷(三)本试题卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分。
满分120分,考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2.每小题选出后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
第I卷(共80分)第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节:单项填空(共20小题;每小题0.5分,满分10分)从A、B、C和D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处地最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. ---I have been feeling very tired these days and haven’t had any appetite.---_____ .Let me examine you.A. Forget itB. Bad luckC. Take it easyD. Never mind2.The young man gave us a ______ account of his life as a volunteer in Sichuan.A. vividB. cautiousC. temporaryD. sensitive3.I really don’t know how to thank you, but for your help, I ______ my lost necklace.A. couldn’t have foundB. shouldn’t have foundC. wouldn’t have foundD. needn’t have found4. As we know, breakfast is provided at no extra ______ in this restaurant.A. chargeB. budgetC. considerationD. choice5.When deeply lost in thought, _______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when6. To be honest, I haven’t received income from any other source. _______ I had to borrow money to pay my past two medical bills.A. FortunatelyB. ActuallyC. AbsolutelyD. Necessarily7. More highways have been built in China, ______ it much easier for people to travel from oneplace to another.A. makingB. madeC. to makeD. having made8. No person __________ carry a mobile phone into the examination room during the nationalcollege entrance examinations.A. shallB. mustC. canD. need9. The politician’s speech ______the others that he was the very man for the job.A. informedB. convincedC. remindedD. warned10.—Have you got any job offers?—No. I _________. Hopefully, I will get one by the end of this month.A. waitedB. had been waitingC. have waitedD. am waiting11. --- Do you think all the players are good?--- _______ of them are very good. But some could have been better.A.NoneB. FewC. MostD. All12. Professor Leen has just given a wonderful lecture, ________ various subjects.A. referringB. coveringC. dealingD. demanding13. ______money isn't necessarily tied to happiness, poverty often goes with unhappiness.A. WhileB. WhenC. AsD. Since14. ---Are you nearly through?---______, I’ve only just begun.A. As a resultB. On the contraryC. In a wordD. in the meanwhile15. ---Many people don’t think much of the movie.---I think differently. In______ way, it is a very good film. And______ photographed scene is very beautiful.A. a, aB. the, theC. a, /D. a, the16. What made the mother angry was _____ , when asked why he didn’t go to school , the boykept silent.A. whenB. whetherC. whatD. that17. With the pressure ________, Mary was off work for weeks because sh e couldn’t stand it any longer.A. making upB. taking upC. picking upD. building up18. --- You've finally figured out the puzzle!--- Yeah, in a complex way, _______.A. tooB. besidesC. otherwiseD. though19._______pale and tired, he was asked to lie in bed for a moment.A. LookedB. LookingC. To be lookedD. To look20.--- Tom is absent from the meeting because his son is ill.---_______ I saw his son playing in the park just now.A. How can you say that?B. Come on.C. Don’t cheat me.D. What?第二节:完形填空(共20小题,每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21~40 各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
2014年高三物理仿真冲刺训练(三)
仿真冲刺训练(三)(时间:60分钟满分:110分)【测控导航】第Ⅰ卷(选择题共42分)一、选择题(本题共7小题,每小题6分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一个选项、有的有多个选项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分)1.如图所示,A、B为同一水平线上的两个绕绳装置,用光滑挂钩挂一重物C于细绳上.转动A、B改变绳的长度,使光滑挂钩下的重物C缓慢下降.关于此过程绳上拉力大小变化,下列说法中正确的是( B )A.不变B.逐渐减小C.逐渐增大D.可能不变,也可能增大解析:光滑挂钩下的重物C缓慢下降时,两细绳之间的夹角变小,但由于两细绳对重物拉力的合力大小等于重物的重力大小,根据力的合成与分解知识可知,绳上拉力大小逐渐减小,选项B正确.2.半圆形玻璃砖横截面如图,AB为直径,O点为圆心.在该截面内有a、b两束单色可见光从空气垂直于AB射入玻璃砖,两入射点到O的距离相等.两束光在半圆边界上反射和折射的情况如图所示,则a、b两束光( C )A.在同种均匀介质中传播,a光的传播速度较小B.以相同的入射角从空气斜射入水中,b光的折射角大C.分别通过同一双缝干涉装置,a光的相邻亮条纹间距大D.从水面下同一深度处的点光源分别发出a、b单色光,在水面上方看到b光照亮的面积更大解析:a、b两束光射到球面时入射角相同,而a光既发生折射又发生反射,b光发生全反射,因此b光临界角较小,故玻璃对b光折射率大,由n=可得在玻璃中b光传播速度小,选项A错误;同样地水对b光折射率大,当a、b两束光以相同入射角从空气射入水中,b光折射角小,选项B错误;在真空中b光频率大,波长短,通过同一双缝干涉装置,a光条纹间距较大,选项C正确;由于介质对b光折射率大,其临界角小,则b 光照亮水面的面积较小,选项D错误.3.一列简谐机械横波沿x轴负方向传播,波速v=1 m/s.若在x=0.5 m处质点的振动图像如图(甲)所示,则该波在t=0.5 s时刻的波形图线为图(乙)中的( B )解析:由(甲)图可知,在t=0.5 s时刻x=0.5 m处的质点在平衡位置且正在向下运动,由质点振动方向与波的传播方向间的关系可判断出选项B正确.4.一质点开始时做匀速直线运动,从某时刻起受到一恒力作用.则此后,该力的瞬时功率和该质点的动能不可能的情况有( C )A.瞬时功率和该质点的动能均一直增大B.瞬时功率和该质点的动能均为先逐渐减小至零,再逐渐增大C.瞬时功率先逐渐减小至某一非零的最小值,再逐渐增大D.该质点的动能先逐渐减小至某一非零的最小值,再逐渐增大解析:若该恒力与质点原运动方向的夹角小于90°,则该恒力做正功,质点的动能和瞬时功率均会变大,选项A可能;若该恒力与质点原运动方向相反,则该恒力先做负功,质点的动能和瞬时功率均变小,当其速度减为零后便反向增大,瞬时功率和动能均又开始逐渐增大,选项B可能;若该恒力与质点原运动方向的夹角大于90°,则该恒力先做负功,该质点的动能先减小至某一非零的最小值,再逐渐增大,而瞬时功率先减小至最小值零,再逐渐增大,故选项C不可能,D可能.5.宇宙深处存在着三星系统,如北极星就是一个三星系统.三星系统是指由三颗恒星组成的,这三颗恒星的距离相对于其他恒星很远,因此三星系统受其他星体引力影响通常可忽略不计.若某三星系统的运动方式是三颗恒星始终在一条直线上,两颗质量相同的恒星绕中间质量不同的恒星运动,已知三颗恒星的质量分别是m、M、m,半径分别为r、R、r,M是处于中间的那颗恒星,质量相等的两恒星间的距离为L,引力常量为G,不考虑三颗恒星的自转.关于此三星系统,以下说法不正确的是( A )A.恒星m的向心力为GB.恒星M表面的重力加速度为GC.恒星m的轨道半径为D.恒星m运动的角速度为解析:恒星m的向心力是由另外两颗恒星对它的万有引力的合力提供的,故选项A错误;恒星M表面有G=m′g,解得g=G,故选项B正确;由于恒星m绕M运行,则轨道半径为,选项C正确;对于恒星m,由G+G=mω2,解得ω=,选项D正确.6.如图所示,是远距离输电的示意图.若发电机线圈中产生的感应电动势表达式为e=220cos 100πt,那么,下列说法中正确的是( D )A.线圈在磁场中绕垂直于磁感线的轴从中性面开始转动,从降压变压器输出的交变电流的频率小于50 HzB.输电线上的电流只由升压变压器原、副线圈的匝数比决定C.升压变压器的输出电压等于降压变压器的输入电压D.当用户用电器的总电阻减小时,输电线上损失的电功率将增大解析:由感应电动势表达式知,f=50 Hz,变压器不改变交变电压的频率,选项A错误;输电线上的电流由用户电流及降压变压器原、副线圈的匝数比决定,选项B错误;由于输电线有电压损失,升压变压器的输出电压大于降压变压器的输入电压,选项C错误;用户用电器总电阻减小时,用户电流增大,输电线上的电流增大,输电线上损失的电功率增大,选项D正确.7.如图所示,平行金属导轨与水平面间的倾角为θ,导轨电阻不计,与阻值为R的定值电阻相连.匀强磁场垂直穿过导轨平面,磁感应强度为B.有一质量为m、长为l的导体棒从ab位置以平行于斜面的大小为v的初速度向上运动,最远到达a′b′的位置.已知ab与a′b′之间的距离为x,导体棒电阻的阻值也为R,与导轨之间的动摩擦因数为μ.则( CD )A.上滑过程中导体棒受到的最大安培力为B.上滑到a′b′过程中电流做功产生的热量为mv2-mgx(sin θ-μcos θ)C.上滑到a′b′过程中安培力、滑动摩擦力和重力对导体棒做的总功为-mv2D.上滑到a′b′过程中导体棒机械能减少量为mv2-mgxsin θ解析:导体棒开始运动时所受安培力最大,即F m=BIl=B l=,故选项A错误;导体棒上滑到a′b′过程中电流做功产生的热量Q等于其克服安培力所做的功,由动能定理得-mgsin θ·x-μmgcos θx-Q=0-mv2,解得Q=mv2-mgx(sin θ+μcos θ),故选项B错误;上滑到a′b′过程中安培力、滑动摩擦力和重力对导体棒做的总功等于导体棒动能的变化量,即-mv2,故选项C正确;由能量守恒定律可知,上滑到a′b′过程中导体棒机械能减少量等于导体棒克服滑动摩擦力和安培力做功的代数和,即mv2-mgxsin θ,故选项D正确.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共68分)二、非选择题(共4题)8.(17分)(1)(8分)学习了传感器之后,在“研究小车加速度与所受合力的关系”实验中时,甲、乙两实验小组引进“位移传感器”、“力传感器”,分别用如图(a)、(b)所示的实验装置实验,重物通过细线跨过滑轮拉相同质量小车,位移传感器(B)随小车一起沿水平轨道运动,位移传感器(A)固定在轨道一端.在运动过程中位移传感器(B)发出信号,位移传感器(A)接收信号且显示小车运动的位移.甲组实验中把重物的重力作为拉力F,乙组直接用力传感器测得拉力F,改变重物的重力重复实验多次,记录多组数据,并画出a F图像.①甲组实验把重物的重力作为拉力F的条件是.②图(c)中符合甲组同学做出的实验图像的是;符合乙组同学做出的实验图像的是.③在多次实验中,如果重物的总质量不断地增大,图(c)中②曲线将不断地延伸,那么该曲线所逼近的渐近线的方程为.(2)(9分)图(甲)是利用两个电流表A1(微安表)和A2(毫安表)测量干电池电动势E 和内阻r的电路原理图.图中S为开关,R为滑动变阻器,固定电阻R1和A1内阻之和为10 000 Ω(比r和滑动变阻器的总电阻都大得多),A2为理想电流表.①按电路原理图在图(乙)虚线框内各实物图之间画出连线.②在闭合开关S前,将滑动变阻器的滑动端c移动至(填“a端”、“中央”或“b端”).③闭合开关S,移动滑动变阻器的滑动端c至某一位置,读出电流表A1和A2的示数I1和I2.多次改变滑动端c的位置,得到的数据为在图(丙)所示的坐标纸上以I1为纵坐标、I2为横坐标画出所对应的I1I2图线.④利用所得曲线求得电源的电动势E= V,内阻r= Ω.⑤该电路中电源输出的短路电流I m= A.解析:(1)①设小车质量和重物质量分别为M、m,由牛顿第二定律得对小车F=Ma对重物mg-F=ma联立解得F=mg可见,只有当m≪M时,才有F≈mg故把重物重力作为小车所受拉力的条件是重物质量远小于小车质量.②由①的分析可知,在重物质量很小的情况下,小车的加速度a与其所受拉力“F”成正比,只有当重物质量较大时,小车的加速度a才不再与其所受拉力“F”成正比,因此图(c)中符合甲组同学做出的实验图像的是②,符合乙组同学做出的实验图像的是①.③重物和小车运动的加速度极限值为重力加速度g,故曲线所逼近的渐近线的方程为a=g.(2)①实物图连接如图所示.②闭合开关S前,滑动变阻器的滑片应处在阻值最大的位置,所以应将滑动变阻器的滑动端c移动至b端.③I1I2图像如图所示.④由图像与纵坐标的交点求得电源的电动势为E=0.149×10-3×10 000 V=1.49 V.由图像的斜率求得电源的内阻为r==Ω=0.60 Ω.⑤电路中电源输出的短路电流I m== A≈2.5A.答案:(1)①重物质量远小于小车质量②②①③a=g(2)①图见解析②b端③图见解析④1.49(1.48~1.50) 0.60(0.55~0.65)⑤2.5(2.3~2.7)9.(15分) 如图所示,遥控赛车比赛中一个规定项目是“飞跃壕沟”,比赛要求:赛车从起点出发,沿水平直轨道运动,在B点飞出后越过“壕沟”,落在平台EF段.已知赛车的额定功率P=10.0 W,赛车的质量m=1.0 kg,在水平直轨道上受到的阻力F f=2.0 N,AB段长L=10.0 m,BE的高度差h=1.25 m,BE的水平距离x=1.5 m.若赛车车长度不计,空气阻力不计,g取10 m/s2.(1)若赛车在水平直轨道上能达到最大速度,求最大速度v m的大小;(2)要越过“壕沟”,求赛车在B点最小速度v的大小;(3)若在比赛中赛车通过A点时速度v A=1 m/s,且赛车达到额定功率.要使赛车完成比赛,求赛车在AB段通电的最短时间t.解析:(1)赛车在水平轨道上达到最大速度时,设其牵引力为F牵,根据牛顿第二定律有F牵-F f=0①又因为P=F牵·v m②所以v m== m/s=5.0 m/s.③(2)赛车通过B点在空中做平抛运动,设赛车能越过“壕沟”的最小速度为v,在空中运动时间为t1,则有h=g④且x=vt1代入数据解得v=3.0 m/s.⑤(3)若赛车恰好能越过“壕沟”,则赛车通电时间最短,在赛车从A点运动到B点的过程中,根据动能定理有P·t-F f L=mv2-m⑥代入数据解得t=2.4 s.⑦答案:(1)5.0 m/s (2)3.0 m/s (3)2.4 s评分标准:⑥式3分,其余每式各2分.10.(17分)如图所示,平行导轨MN和PQ相距0.5 m.电阻可忽略,摩擦不计,其水平部分QSTN置于磁感应强度大小为0.60 T、方向竖直向上的匀强磁场中,倾斜部分PSTM处没有磁场,两部分平滑对接,其上搁有两根导体棒a、b,导体棒b垂直于水平导轨放置,导体棒a垂直于倾斜导轨放置,已知导体棒a和b质量均为0.20 kg,在导轨间部分的电阻均为0.15 Ω,a棒从斜轨上高为0.050 m处无初速释放,b棒放置在距ST线足够远处(取重力加速度g=10 m/s2).求:(1)此后过程中,回路中的最大电流是多少?(2)如果导体棒与水平导轨间的动摩擦因数μ=0.10,与倾斜部分导轨的摩擦仍不计,当导体棒b的速率达到最大值时,导体棒a的加速度是多少?解析:(1)a棒在倾斜轨道上下滑时,机械能守恒,刚进入水平轨道时a棒的速度最大,设为v m,则有mgh=m①解得v m==1 m/s②此时产生的感应电流最大I m== A=1 A.③(2)当a、b棒组成的闭合回路中有感应电流时,a、b棒都受安培力作用,a棒受安培力向右、摩擦力向右,b棒受安培力向左,摩擦力向右.f=μmg=0.10×0.20×10 N=0.2 N④F=BI m L=0.60×1×0.5 N=0.3 N⑤因为F>f,所以b棒开始向左加速.a棒向左减速,电路中的感应电流减小,b棒受的安培力减小,当b棒受到的安培力减小到和摩擦力相等时,b棒的速度达到最大,设此时的感应电流为I0,有BI0L=μmg⑥此时a棒受到的摩擦力和安培力方向都向右,根据牛顿第二定律有BI0L+μmg=ma A⑦解得a A==2×0.10×10 m/s2=2 m/s2.⑧答案:(1)1 A (2)2 m/s2评分标准:①⑥⑦式各3分,③④⑤式各2分,②⑧式各1分.11.(19分)如图为某同学设计的速度选择装置,两根足够长的光滑导轨MM′和NN′间距为L与水平面成θ角,上端接滑动变阻器R,匀强磁场B0垂直导轨平面向上,金属棒ab质量为m恰好垂直横跨在导轨上.滑动变阻器R两端连接水平放置的平行金属板,极板间距为d,板长为2d,匀强磁场B垂直纸面向内.粒子源能发射沿水平方向不同速率的带电粒子,粒子的质量为m0,电荷量为q,ab棒的电阻为r,滑动变阻器的最大阻值为2r,其余部分电阻不计,不计粒子重力.(1)ab棒静止未释放时,某种粒子恰好打在上极板中点P上,判断该粒子带何种电荷?该粒子的速度多大?(2)调节变阻器使R=0.5r,然后释放ab棒,求ab棒的最大速度?(3)当ab棒释放后达到最大速度时,若变阻器在r≤R≤2r范围调节,总有粒子能匀速穿过平行金属板,求这些粒子的速度范围?解析:(1)由左手定则可知:该粒子带正电荷.粒子在磁场中做圆周运动,设半径为r,速度为v0,根据几何关系有:r2=d2+①得:r=d②粒子做匀速圆周运动,由牛顿第二定律:Bqv0=③得:v0=.④(2)ab棒达到最大速度时做匀速运动:mgsin θ=B0IL⑤对回路,由闭合电路欧姆定律:I=,⑥由⑤⑥得:v=.⑦(3)当ab棒达到最大速度时,设变阻器接入电路电阻为R,电压为U,由⑤式得:I=⑧对变阻器,由欧姆定律:U=IR⑨极板电压也为U,粒子匀速运动:Bqv1=q⑩得:v1=因R为:r≤R≤2r,故粒子的速度范围为:≤v 1≤.答案:(1)带正电荷(2)(3)≤v1≤评分标准:①③⑤⑦⑧⑩式各2分,②④⑥⑨式各1分.。
浙江省2014届高三高考模拟冲刺卷(提优卷)(三)文科数学试卷(带解析)
浙江省2014届高三高考模拟冲刺卷(提优卷)(三)文科数学试卷(带解析)1.已知集合A ={x |4≤x2≤16},B =[a ,b ],若A ⊆B ,则实数a -b 的取值范围是( ) A. (-∞,-2] B. [)+∞-,2 C. (-∞,2] D. [)+∞,2 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析:集合A 是不等式4216x≤≤的解集,由题意,集合[]2,4A =,因为A B ⊆,故2a ≤,4b ≥,故242a b -≤-=-,即a b -的取值范围是(],2-∞-.[故A 正确。
考点:1指数不等式;2集合的运算。
2.“函数y=sin(x +φ)为偶函数” 是“φ=2π” 的 A.充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:2πϕ=时,()sin cos y x x ϕ=+=为偶函数;若()sin y x ϕ=+为偶函数,则k =ϕZ k ∈+,2ππ;选B.考点:1三角函数的性质;2充分必要条件。
3.某校150名教职工中,有老年人20个,中年人50个,青年人80个,从中抽取20个作为样本.①采用随机抽样法:抽签取出30个样本;②采用系统抽样法:将教工编号为00,01,…,149,然后平均分组抽取30个样本; ③采用分层抽样法:从老年人,中年人,青年人中抽取30个样本. 下列说法中正确的是( )[来源:]A .无论采用哪种方法,这150个教工中每一个被抽到的概率都相等B .①②两种抽样方法,这150个教工中每一个被抽到的概率都相等;③并非如此C .①③两种抽样方法,这150个教工中每一个被抽到的概率都相等;②并非如此D .采用不同的抽样方法,这150个教工中每一个被抽到的概率是各不相同的 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析:三个抽样方法, 每一个被抽到的概率都等于5115030=. 考点:抽样方法。
4.已知函数()⎩⎨⎧>≤+=1,lg 1,92x x x x x f ,记()()x f x f =1,()()()x f f x f 12=,()()()x f f x f 23=,,则()=102014f ( )A .lg109B .2C .1D .10 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析:∵101>,∴()()11010lg1011f f ===≤,∴()()()2210(10)11910f f f f ===+=,()()()310((10))10lg101f f f f f ====,,()20141010f =,故选D.考点:1分段函数;2函数的周期性。
2014高考物理三轮冲刺经典试题 运动的描述 匀变速直线运动的研究(必考试题,含2014模拟试题)
2014高考物理三轮冲刺经典试题运动的描述匀变速直线运动的研究(必考试题,含2014模拟试题)1.(2013辽宁大连高三第一次模拟考试理科综合试题,14)将一物体以初速度v0,竖直向上抛出,在运动过程中所受的空气阻力与速度大小成正比。
以下描述物体从抛出到落回出发点整个过程的v – t图象中,可能正确的是()2.(2014吉林实验中学高三年级第一次模拟,17)放在粗糙水平地面上的物体受到水平拉力的作用,在0~6s内其速度与时间图像和该拉力的功率与时间的图像如图所示。
下列说法正确的是()A.0~6s内物体的位移大小为20mB.0~6s内拉力做功为100JC.合力在0~6s内做的功与0~2s内做的功相等D.滑动摩擦力的大小为5N3.(武汉市2014届高中毕业生二月调研测试) (6分)某同学利用如图所示的装置研究匀变速直线运动时,记录了下列实验步骤。
合理的操作顺序是___________。
(填写步骤前面的字母)A.把一条细绳拴在小车上,使细绳绕过滑轮,下边挂上合适的钩码。
把纸带穿过打点计时器,并把纸带的一端固定在小车的后面。
B.把附有滑轮的长木板平放在实验桌上,并使滑轮伸出桌面。
把打点计时器固定在长木板上没有滑轮的一端,连接好电路。
C.把小车停在靠近打点计时器处,接通电源后,放开小车,让小车拖着纸带运动,打点计时器就在纸带上打下一行小点,随后立即关闭电源。
D.换上新纸带,重复操作三次。
4.(武汉市2014届高中毕业生二月调研测试) 如图所示是做匀变速直线运动的质点在0~6s 内的位移—时间图线。
若t=1s时,图线所对应的切线斜率为4(单位:m/s)。
则:A.t=1s时,质点在x=2 m的位置B.t=1s和t=5s时,质点的速率相等C.t=1s和t=5s时,质点加速度的方向相反D.前5s内,合外力对质点做正功5.(湖北省八校2014届高三第二次联考) 物理学经常建立一些典型的理想化模型用于解决实际问题。
下列关于这些模型的说法中正确的是A.体育比赛中用的乒乓球总可以看作是一个位于其球心的质点B.带有确定电量的导体球总可以看作是一个位于其球心的点电荷C.分子电流假说认为在原子或者分子等物质微粒内部存在着一种环形电流,它使每个物质微粒都成为微小的磁体,它的两侧相当于两个磁极D.在研究安培力时,与电场中的检验电荷作用相当的是一个有方向的电流元,实验过程中应当使电流元的方向跟磁场方向平行6.(2014年哈尔滨市第三中学第一次高考模拟试卷) 一物体自空中的A点以一定的初速度竖直向上抛出,3s后物体的速率变为10m/s,则关于物体此时的位置和速度方向的说法可能正确的是:(不计空气阻力,g = 10m/s2)A.在A点上方15m处,速度方向竖直向上B.在A点下方15m处,速度方向竖直向下C.在A点上方75m处,速度方向竖直向上D.在A点上方75m处,速度方向竖直向下7.(河南省豫东豫北十所名校2014届高中毕业班阶段性测试(四))如图所示为甲、乙两个物体运动的v一t图像,若两个物体在同一地出发,且两物体最终运动的位移相等,甲的初速度是乙的初速度的2倍,则下列说法正确的是A.甲、乙都沿负方向运动B.甲、乙在运动过程中一定会相遇C.甲、乙在t0时刻相距最远D.乙运动的时间一定是甲运动的时间的3倍8.(桂林中学2014届三年级2月月考)足够长的粗糙斜面上,用力推着一物体沿斜面向上运动,t=0时撤去推力,0~6s内速度随时间的变化情况如图所示,由图像可知判断错误的是:A.0~1s内物体发生的位移大小与1~6s内发生的位移大小之比为1: 5B.0~1s内重力的平均功率大小与1~6s内重力平均功率大小之比为5:1C.0~ls内摩擦力的平均功率与1~6s内摩擦力平均功率之比为1:1D.0~1s内机械能变化量大小与1~6s内机械能变化量大小之比为1:59.(河北省石家庄市2014届高中毕业班教学质量检测(二)) 酒后驾驶会导致许多安全隐患,其中之一是驾驶员的反应时间变长,“反应时间” 是指驾驶员从发现情况到开始采取制动的时间。
广东省广州市2014届高三冲刺查漏补缺英语试题 word版含答案3
广东省广州市2014届高三冲刺查漏补缺英语试题word版含答案3高考英语2014-06-04 2117(CImagine Sally and Anne having a drink in a bar. While Sally is in the bathroom, Anne decides to buy another drink, but she notices that Sally has left her phone on the table. Anne puts the phone into her friend’s bag before heading to the bar so that no one steal s it. When Sally returns, where will she expect to see her phone?If you said sh e’d look at the table where she left it, congratulations! You have a “theory of mind”— the ability to understand that another person may have knowledge, ideas and beliefs that differ from your own, or from reality.This ability may not seem special but it involves doing something no other animal can ignoring our own beliefs about the world — that the phone is in the bag— and take on an alternative world view.T he “theory of mind”was first developed in the 1970s, when it was discovered that at around the age of four, children develop this ability. T he standard way to test a child’s “theory of mind” is called the Sally-Anne test. I t involves acting out the events described earlier, only with puppets and a missing ball.W hen asked, “When Sally returns, where will she look for the ball?” most three-year-olds say she’ll look in the new spot, where Anne has placed it. T he child knows the ball’s location, so they cannot imagine that Sally would think it was anywhere else.B ut around the age of four, that changes. M ost four and five-year-olds realize that Sally will expect the ball to be just where she left it.F or over two decades that was the dogma, but the idea has been challenged by new research that indicated “theory of mind”is present in babies just 15 months old.S uch young children cannot answer questions about where they expect Sally to look for the ball, but you can tell what they’re thinking by how long they stare babies look for longer at things they find surprising.W hen Sally searched for the ball in a place she should not have expected to find it, the babies did stare for longer. I n other words, they seemed to understand that people can have false beliefs.36. The author told the story about Sally and Anne in the bar in order to________.A. test how clever the readers areB. explain how adults solve problemsC. introduce the concept of “theory of mind”D. show the difference between facts and beliefs37. Which of the following is true about the classic Sally-Anne test?A. It concluded that children developed the theory of mind around four.B. It showed children were confused by the Sally and Anne test.C. It found that three-year-old children didn’t know how to lie.D. It proved that 4-year-olds were smarter than 3-year-olds.38. According to the passage, “the theory of mind” has been ________.A. universally acceptedB. criticized by the scientistsC. clearly proven to be wrongD. challenged by some researchers39. When babies who can’t talk are given the Sally-Anne test, why did they stare?A. They were surprised about where Sally was looking for the ball.B. They were happy to know that Sally was unable to find the ball.C. They were confused by the fact that Sally couldn’t find the ball.D. They were interested in where Sally was looking for the ball.40. The passage includes the following contents EXCEPT ________.A. new findings opposing the classic Sally-Anne testB. how different adults and children areC. how the Sally-Anne test is doneD. what the theory of mind isDSix-year-old Hunter Yelton, a first grader at an American primary school, was recently suspended(停学)for kissing a girl in his class on the hand.Hunter spoke to KRDO News-channel and explained, “It was during class. We were doing reading and I leaned over and kissed her on the hand. That’s what happened.” The boy went on to take responsibility for wh at he did, “She sent me to the office.F air and square. I did something wrong and I feel sorry. I’ve been trying to be good at school.”Hunter got in to trouble because his actions fit the elementary school’s definition of “sexual harassment(性骚扰)”. So now L ittle Hunter has a record as a sexual harassment offender.Hunter’s mother, Jenn y Saunders, felt it was inappropriate saying “s exual harassment”.“This is taking it to an extreme that doesn’t need to be met with a six-year-old. Now my son is asking questio ns, ‘What is sex,mommy?’” she said,“The word ‘S ex’ should not ever be said in a sentence with a six-year-old.”T he female classmate and her parents have not come forward but according to Ms. Saunders, “She was fine with it.T hey are ‘boyfriend and girlfriend’. The other children saw it and went to the music teacher.”KRDO spoke to Dr. Sandy Smith, a child clinical psychologist and professor at the University of Colorado, who specializes in child sexual development.About Hunter kissing a classmate the psy chologist said, “For most six-year-old boys, absolutely,t hat would be a normal behavior.”She was surprised by the suspension and thinks that the term “sexual harassment” could be problematic for children.“I don’t think a six-year-old would understand what harassment is.That has some longer term implications,” said Dr. Smith,adding, “This part of development is just as important, if not more than, as their academic subjects.”S he suggested that this could be a teachable moment and should involve the students, their classmates and their parents so there wouldn’t be a negative stain attached to the behavior. “Move away from that ‘we don’t do this’ to ‘in what situations is it acceptable?’. You may have different rules of showing affection than you do maybe at home.”41. What can we learn about the boy Hunter?A. He didn’t regret what he did.B. He was proud of what he did.C. He felt he deserved his punishment.D. He didn’t think what he did was wrong.42. What did Hunter’s mother Ms Saunders think was wrong?A. The girl’s family’s response.B. Her son’s kissing his girlfriend.C. The charge of “sexual harassment”.D. The reporting of the event to the teacher.43. Dr. Smith was surprised at the fact that ________.A. the school didn’t explain to the boy what sex harassment isB. there is a definition of “sex harassment” in elementary schoolsC. “sexual harassment” was actually applied to a six-year-old boyD. a six-year-old boy would dare to kiss a girl on the hand in class44. What does Dr. Smith suggest as an appropriate thing to do?A. Nothing should be done to it as it’s just a normal behaviour.B. The school should consider making changes to their regulations.C. Schools should stop children from developing boy-girl friendship.D. All should come together to discuss what is appropriate behaviour.45. Which of the following is the best title for this article?A. Do you call it sexual harassment?B. A c hild p sychologist’s suggestionC. Little boyfriend and girlfriendD. Boy suspended six years第二节信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分2014分)阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。
山东省2014届高三高考仿真模拟冲刺考试(三)语文 Word版含答案
绝密★启用前 试卷类型:A 高考仿真模拟冲刺考试(三)语文 本试卷分Ⅰ卷(选择题)和Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,满分150分,考试时间150分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(共36分) 一、(15分,每小题3分) 1.下面各句中加点字的读音正确、且全句没有错别字的一项是( ) A.赛后的球场,一片狼藉(jí),见此情景,几十名志愿者迫不急待地抄起扫帚,冲进场地,开始打扫起来。
B.面对生活中的诱惑,我们要保持头脑清醒,不能贻(yí)人笑柄,同时还要懂得感恩、知足,适可而止。
C.凡事都应该在道理上求得一致认识,随声附和(hé)、委屈求全,以此来维持团队和谐,怎么可能? D.台风季节将到,各单位必须未雨筹谋,预作防范。
这样,才能在与自然灾害的斗争中稳操胜券(juàn)。
2.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是(3分)读书原为自己受用,多读不能算是荣誉,少读也不能算是羞耻。
少读如果彻底,必能养成 的习惯,涵泳优游,以至于变化气质;多读而不求甚解,譬如驰骋十里洋场,虽奇珍满目,徒惹得 ,空手而归。
世间许多人读书只为装点门面,如暴发户炫耀家私,以多为贵。
这在治学方面是 ,在做人方面是趣味低劣。
A.深思熟虑心猿意马自欺欺人B.深文周纳心花意乱弄巧成拙 C.深文周纳心猿意马弄巧成拙D.深思熟虑心花意乱自欺欺人 3.下列各句中,加点的词语运用不正确的一项是 ( ) A.“2013中国互联网金融高峰论坛”在杭州举行,著名金融学家郭田勇与10余家金融机构共同把脉互联网金融未来。
B.你我生活的这座城市里:古老悠远的城墙遗址,宁谧幽雅的大成圣殿,古韵流淌的宽窄老街每一处富有历史文化内涵的景点都是一页唾手可得的活的史书。
C.中日关系的发展并不令人乐观。
如果发生意外,地区局势有可能失控,在未来的数月乃至数年中,避免中日间矛盾的升级是十分重要的。
D.他们在一封致ABC的公开信中说,这段不当内容已远远超出童言无忌和美式幽默的范畴,而主持人吉米·基梅尔和ABC负有不可推卸的责任,华人并不缺少幽默感,但不能容忍这种公然歧视。
山东省2014届高三高考仿真模拟冲刺考试(三)英语试题及答案
山东省2014届高三高考仿真模拟冲刺考试(三)英语试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分为150分。
考试用时120分钟。
第I卷(选择题,共105分)第一部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分55分)第一节语法和词汇知识(共10个小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.——Which of the two souvenirs do you like better?——blue one.of course.I think it's really most instructive one.A.A;the B.The;the C.The;a D.A;a2.is known to us is that tobacco contains nicotine and other harmful products,so you should give up smoking.A.As B.It C.What D.Which3.Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others,,of course,made the others jealous.A.who B.that C.which D.what4.—Can I pay the bill by check?—Sorry,sir.But it's the management rules of our hotel that payment be made in cash.A.shall B.need C.will D.can5.The problem was very difficult to handle.We worked it out,__________ .A.too B.yet C.although D.though6.Then moment _________ Mary will always remember is _________ Mr.Black gave her a lot of valuable advice on how to improve her writing。
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2014高三冲刺卷(3)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21.Tony is ______ fantastic pianist.I'm absolutely certain that his concert this Sunday will be ______ success.A.a; a B.a; the C.the; the D.the; a22.It's going to take ages to get to the airport this way.Can't you go ______?A.fast B.any faster C.fastest D.as fast 23.The artist was very proud of his creation and called it the best painting ______ he had ever done.A.whose B.which C.when D.that24.In your life, sometimes you might end up back ______ you started.A.who B.when C.where D.which 25.Every December Nobel Prizes ______ to people who have made outstanding contributions to the world.A.award B.are awarded C.awarded D.were awarded 26.The tour guide reminded people to be careful when ______ off the boat.A.stepping B.stepped C.to step D.step 27.—Oh, I want to give up now.—Come on! ______ doesn't kill you makes you stronger.A.Whichever B.Whatever C.Whoever D.Whenever 28.E-shoppers ______ to 300 million by the end of last year.A.had grown B.grew C.have grown D.grow 29.Last night the naughty boy climbed ______ the wall and jumped into the swimming pool only to find there was no water.A.across B.over C.through D.for30.______ at the way he had been treated in the hotel, John complained to the manager.A.Having disappointed B.DisappointingC.Disappointed D.To disappoint31.You should plan for things that ____ happen and not just react to things that have happened.A.need B.should C.must C.might32.I'm glad that you had a good time at the tea party.I wish I there !A.have been B.was C.were D.had been 33.Waterfalls never fail to attract and in Guangxi Province are no exception A.they B.it C.those D.that 34.Coming back after four years of studying abroad.she was busy phoning her friends together.A.getting B.to get C.get D.got 35.—Your family is moving to Hawaii? Why ?—We about a change of scenery for some timeA.have been thinking B.had thoughtC.think D.thought完形填空Cell Phone MadnessWhen I opened the box at my 12th birthday party, I couldn’t believe my eyes. I had really gotten a cell phone!As soon as I got to my 36 the next morning I _ 37 oft my phone and asked everyone for their 38 .It felt like I didn't even 39 in that class anymore. I wouldn't pay much attention to the teachers because I was too busy on my 40 Luckily I didn't get _41_ using it.I was pretty 42 that the teacher did 43 that I stopped paying attention to her 44 a week later we took a test and I failed. To make matters 45 , my mom had to 46 the test.It was hard to show my mom the 47 . She was used to seeing A's and B's on my tests. Well, eventually, I showed her and she couldn't 48 it. She was angry but most of all, she was disappointed.Weeks passed and my parents started to _ 49 the fact that I had a phone. They would say, " We have noticed that you never pay attention to us. It's like you have your own little 50 now and we don't communicate as much with your phone."I acted like they were wrong, but then I started to wonder if it was true that I was spending too much 51__ on the phone.A week later I tried 52_ a whole day without a cell phone and it didn't go that badly.I had so much 53 because I was actually spending time with my family and paying attention to them.From that day, I had a different point of view towards cell phones.Phones really take you away from the rest of the world.I'm not saying that phones are 54 and not to use them, but you do have to spare some time to spend with your family and not get 55 with your phone all day.My phone took away time from my homework and from my family.It also affected my grades.I will keep using my phone, but I will have it under better control.36.A.office B.school C.store D.home 37.A.took B.put C.turned D.showed 38.A.number B.name C.help D.address 39.A.come B.hand C.give D.exist 40.A.job B.test C.phone D.desk 41.A.caught B.allowed C.troubled D.appreciated 42.A.proud B.doubtful C.sure D.angry 43.A.mention B.notice C.prevent D.punish 44.A.until B.before C.though D.because 45.A.clearer B.easier C.worse D.better 46.A.read B.sign C.do D.make 47.A.box B.book C.homework D.paper 48.A.believe B.receive C.see D.achieve 49.A.ignore B.dislike C.accept D.enjoy 50.A.secret B.idea C.world D.dream 51.A.time B.force C.money D.control52.A.studying B.working C.going D.thinking 53.A.trouble B.worry C.fun D.improvement 54.A.good B.bad C.necessary D.useful 55.A.interested B.pleased C.annoyed D.stuck第三部分:阅读理解AHow to look good in a photo?What should you do if you want to have a nice photo taken? Whether it's work or fun, the most important thing is lighting.If you get bad lighting, you will look bad, too.Know where the light is.You don't want it below you or above you, you want it to shine directly at you.The key thing is no shadow.If you are being photographed outside, do it in the morning, or wait till the 2 o'clock shadow has passed.Also don't let pictures in the magazines stress you out —all the pictures are taken by great photographers.And all the faces have had pimples (丘疹,粉刺)taken out by computers.Tip your head and learn what angles work with your face; everyone is different.So you have to learn what suits you.You can practice in Photo Booth for as long as it is your turn, to learn what angles suit your face.Tip your neck to make it look longer, make eye contact with the camera.No one can look bad if they smile.For long legs, point one leg into center of the frame and get the photographer to shoot looking up your body.For just leg shots, lie upside down and raise legs in the air for the best angle.And your legs will look thinner and be in better shape.Keep shoulders back.Always have mouth slightly open, enough to put a penny between your lips, as this will make your lips look fuller.Lower your eyes and then look up just as shutter (快门)is clicked for full eyes.Delete any evidence of a less than perfect photogenic moment, everyone has off days.56.If you want to look good in a photo, the light should be ______.A.below you B.above youC.directly at you D.right behind you57.According to the passage, we should consider all EXCEPT ______.A.light B.shadow C.angles D.photographers 58.What advice does the author give on taking photos?A.Raise legs on the wall.B.Look down.C.Keep shoulders back.D.Put a penny between lips.BThroughout my 41 years at General Electric, I've experienced a lot.In the media, I've gone from prince to pig and back again.And I've been called many things.In the early days, some called me a crazy, wild man.When I became CEO two decades ago, Wall Street asked, "Jack who?"When I tried to make GE more competitive by cutting back our workforce in the early 1980s, the media called me "Neutron Jack." When they learned we were focused on values and culture at GE, people asked if "Jack has gone soft." I've been No.1 or No.2 Jack, Services Jack, GlobalJack, and, in more recent years.Six Sigma Jack and e-Business Jack.When we made an effort to acquire Honeywell in October 2000, and I agreed to stay on through the transition (过渡期), some thought of me as the Long-in-the-Tooth Jack hanging on by his fingertips to his CEO job.Those characterizations said less about me and a lot more about the stage our company went through.Truth is, down deep, I've never really changed much from the boy my mother raised in Salem, Massachusetts.When I started on this journey in 1981 , standing before Wall Street analysts for the first time at New York's Pierre Hotel, I said I wanted GE to become " the most competitive enterprise on earth." My objective was to put a small-company spirit in a big-company body, to build an organization out of an old-line industrial company that would be more high-spirited, more adaptable, and more flexible than companies that are one-fiftieth our size.I said then that I wanted to create a company " where people dare to try new things ?where people know that only the limits of their creativity and drive, their own standards of personal excellence, will be the ceiling on how far and how fast they move."I've put my mind, my heart, and my courage into that journey every day of the 40-plus years I've been lucky enough to be a part of GE.59.According to the first two paragraphs, the author ______.A.had many ups and downsB.had a poor image in publicC.became CEO of GE 41 years agoD.suffered from some mental illnesses60.As the author sees it, the many nicknames of him indicate ______.A.the change of his character with the timeB.the various opinions of different journalistsC.his company's different stages of developmentD.his popularity among his friends and relatives61.According to the author, GE in 1981 ______.A.should seek broader space for developmentB.was the most competitive company in the worldC.differed from many old-line industrial companiesD.was a big company with a small-company's spirit62.What does the underlined word "journey" in the last paragraph probably mean?A.Taking GE to a new height.B.Travelling from home to office.C.Seeking a higher position in GE.D.Growing from a baby into an adult.CCollege students constantly hear the praises of education.We have all become used to believing that a college education is always a guarantee of an easier life.I was nine years old when my fourth-grade teacher presented me with a task, to write down all of the things I wanted in my life.I filled my paper with things like: own a big house and have servants; be rich and have agood job.The next day my teacher handed back my paper and in red ink she wrote: " GO TO COLLEGE." For a long time, I was convinced that once I obtained an education, BAM! Life would be easier.However, education cannot promise all wishes, dreams, and desires.Society must reject the foolish idea that a college education's main purpose is to satisfy our desires and secure success.Like most challenging things, education is a gamble (赌博)in which results depend entirely on people's ability to look past their wants to see the realism and reason behind their wants.For instance, my first year of college, I took a sociology class.In class, we were taught that Third World countries were poor.We learned that our quality of life would be almost impossible for an average person in those countries.I began to examine my own desire to be rich.To always go after money felt selfish when knowing others had none at all.Learning about other society's financial situations forced me to look beyond what I wanted.Through the process of education, everything once desired is tested.Wanting something no longer is enough; it's more important to examine why we want it and whether we really want it.When my desire for money changed, everything changed.I stopped longing for money-driven careers and stopped valuing the people who had them.I began to examine the things I purchased and my reason for wanting them.Education is a tool to be used to develop and advance our desires, so we can discover the things that are truly significant in life.Education is a source to expand our society to see beyond the superficial (表面的)appeals and the "quick fixes" , leaving the belief of an effortless life behind in order to desire a meaningful one.63.The author's fourth-grade teacher probably agreed that ______.A.the author was an ambitious studentB.the author should set more realistic goalsC.a college student would lead an easier lifeD.a college degree was the key to the author's dreams64.Why does the author mention her sociology class?A.To share her learning experiences with readers.B.To support her new understanding about education.C.To express her sympathy for people in Third World.D.To stress the importance of taking a sociology course.65.With a college education, the author ______.A.envied rich peopleB.lost interest in careerC.desired more material thingsD.stopped always seeking more wealth66.What's the main idea of the passage?A.College education promises an effortless life.B.College education tests and guides our life desires.C.College education offers solutions to social problems.D.College education turns young people into gamblers.DThe word proactivity is fairly common in management literature, but you won't find it in the dictionary.It means that as a human being you take responsibility for your own life.Look at the word responsibility: ability to choose your response, response-ability.Effective people are proactive because they take responsibility.Their behavior is a product of their own decisions, based on values, rather than being a product of their own conditions, based on feelings.For instance, you are planning a picnic with your family.You're excited.You have all the preparations.You've decided where to go, and then it becomes stormy, killing your plan.Proactive people carry weather within them.They realize what their purpose really was, and they creatively have a picnic elsewhere even if it's in their own basement with some special games, and make the best of that situation.The opposite of being proactive is to be reactive.Reactive people would say, "What's the use?" "We can't do anything." "Oh this is so upsetting after all of our preparations and arrangements." They try to persuade the people around them and usually the picnic will be cancelled.Being proactive is really just being true to your human nature.Your basic nature is to act, and not to be acted upon.That's true, despite widely accepted theories of determinism used to explain human nature.Determinism says that you don't really choose anything and that what you call choices are nothing more than automatic responses to outside conditions.The language of reactive people is like: " I can't." " Don't have time." " I have to." " I must." The whole spirit of that language is the transfer of responsibility.They think things are determined by their environment, or by their conditions, or by their conditioning or their genetic (基因的)makeup.Psychologically, people who believe they are determined will produce the evidence to support the belief, and they increasingly feel victimized and out of control.They're not in charge of their life at all.On the contrary, a proactive person exercises free will, the freedom to choose the response that best applies to his values.In that way, he gains control over the circumstances, rather than being controlled by them.67.According to the passage, a proactive person's behavior can result from ______.A.the environment B.an inner beliefC.the genetic makeup D.a temporary feeling68.When a picnic plan is threatened by a sudden storm, reactive people will probably ____.A.have the picnic as planned B.make the best of the picnicC.complain and give up the picnic D.find somewhere else for the picnic 69.What does "carry weather within them" in the second paragraph probably mean?A.Manage to improve the weather.B.Give in to the weather passively.C.Stress the influence of the weather.D.Find a solution to the weather problems.70.It can be concluded from the passage that determinists ______.A.accept things passively B.are in charge of themselvesC.are similar to proactive people D.respond to outside conditions actively。