牛津高中英语虚拟语气的全部考点和记忆技巧

虚拟语气的基本容

【开头引入】

If 如果(如果有两种可能,有可能发生的，不可能发生的。)

①有可能发生If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the park.

②不可能发生虚拟语气，例如，如果我是明，。。。

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。所以，凡表示与事实不符的假设，想象，愿望时，需用虚拟语气表达。

一、If 引导的虚拟

（一）If 引导的虚拟语气,可用下表表示。

例如：

①与现在事实相反：If I had wings, I would fly over the sea.

②If she were rich, she would buy a bigger house.

If there were no gravity, we would not be able to walk on the earth.

②与过去事实相反：

If You had gone to the party, You would have seen YaoMing.

If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.

③与将来事实相反：

If he were to tomorrow, We would have the meeting.

If he should come tomorrow, We could go to the park together.

If there were a heavy snow next Monday, we would not go skating.

（二）if虚拟语气条件句的省略倒装。

如果虚拟条件从句中有were, had, should,可把if 省略，把were, had, should 提到主语前面，成为倒装结构。

①If I were you, I would accept the challenges.

----Were I you, I would accept the challenges

②If you had informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract.

----Had you informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract.

③If she should be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad.

----Should she be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad.

VIP Tips : Were it not for…“如果要不是…”Had it not been for…“如果当时要不是…”

①Were it not for your help, I would never be a good boss.

要不是你的帮助，我永远成不了一个好的老板。

②Had it not been for you, I would have lost my way.

当时要不是你，我就迷路了。

**如果谓语动词是否定形式，不能用动词的缩略形式。

3. If it weren’t for the expense, I would go broad now.

Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.

Exercises.1

1.Had she worked harder, she _____________________ (succeed).

2.If the lawyer had been here last Saturday, he ________________me from going.

(prevent)

3.__________ such a disaster _________, the damage would be incalculable. (occur)

4._________he _________ today, he would get there by Friday. (leave)

5.If there were life on Mars, such life forms __________ unable to survive on the

earth.(be)

6.--Did you remind him of the meeting?

--No, if I __________at home, I would have.(be)

7.—John went to the hospital alone.

—If he _____ me about it , I would have gone with him.

A. should tell

B. tells

C. told

D. had told

9. If we ____ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

A. take

B. had taken

C. took

D. have taken

10. This printer is of good quality. If it ____ break down within the first year, we would

repair it at our expense.

A. would

B. should

C. could

D. might

11. Had I know about this computer program, a huge amount of time and money ____.

A. would have been saved

B. had been saved

C. will be saved

D. was saved

二、错综时间条件句

*注意：考试时会出现一种情况，从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间不一致，被称为“错综时间条件句”，我们要分别根据从句和主句的动作发生的时间对其进行虚拟。

例如：

①If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.

如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。