(精品)初中英语长难句_语篇从句讲义(初中学生版)
初中英语含定语从句长难句的讲解
初中英语含定语从句长难句的讲解初中英语中定语从句是一个重要的语法知识点,掌握了定语从句的用法可以帮助学生更准确地描述人和物,并在写作中丰富句子结构。
以下是初中英语必须掌握的定语从句知识点以及一些含定语从句的长难句的讲解:1.定语从句用来修饰前面的名词,在句子中充当定语。
例如:The book that I just bought is very interesting.(我刚刚买的那本书非常有趣。
)定语从句“that I just bought”修饰名词“book”。
2.引导定语从句的词有:- 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose。
- 关系副词:when, where, why。
3.关系代词的选择:- 当先行词是人时,用who/that作主语,用whom/that作宾语,用whose表示所有关系。
- 当先行词是物时,用which/that作主语、宾语或表语。
- 当先行词有先行指示词this/that时,用which/that作关系代词。
4.关系副词的使用:- when引导的定语从句表示时间,相当于介词+时间状语从句的定语从句。
- where引导的定语从句表示地点,相当于介词+地点状语从句的定语从句。
- why引导的定语从句表示原因,相当于介词+原因状语从句的定语从句。
下面是一些含定语从句的长难句的讲解:1. The girl who is talking to Tom is my sister.(和汤姆说话的那个女孩是我姐姐。
)定语从句“who is talking to Tom”修饰名词“girl”。
2. The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
)定语从句“that I borrowed from the library”修饰名词“book”。
3. The house where they used to live has been demolished.(他们过去住的那栋房子已经被拆除了。
(全)初中英语-长难句拆解-详解
初中英语-长难句拆解-详解以人教版英语第八册教材为例,详细整理如何在英语学习中首脑并用。
I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.人教版第八册课文句子成分解析词法:arrive 不可以直接加名词,注意本句中介词与动词的搭配。
句法结构:本句只有主语,谓语,其余成分皆是状语。
语义整理:汉语中,状语前置。
推理分析:表明时间,地点,人物,说明本文既可以是说明文,也可以是记叙文。
It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 人教版第八册教材句子成分解析词法:near引导的成分,修饰其前面的名词。
to go 非谓语动词作宾语。
句法结构:本句是主从句,so 引导的是原因状语从句。
语义整理:it指天气。
推理分析:承接前文的时间,地点,人物,这里继续描写事件。
My sister and I tried paragliding.人教版第八册英语课文词法:trying,后面既可以出现to do,也可以出现doing。
句法:doing作宾语。
推理分析:详细梳理事件。
I felt like I was a bird.人教版英语第八册课文词法:like此处不是动词,是介词。
句法:两套主谓结构。
推理分析:用比喻,加强对事件的详细描述。
It was so exciting!人教版英语第八册课文词法:excited,多指人,exciting多指物。
推理分析:与上文指的是同一事件。
For lunch, we had something very special-Malaysian yellow noodles. 人教版,英语第八册课文词法:special与副词,名词的转换。
句法:状语如果出现在主语之前,多用逗号隔开。
语义整理:此处have是吃的意思。
推理分析:与上文所谈,不是同一件事。
初中英语长难句
初三英语长难句分析1 Young people are always told that they should make the most of their time,that they will never be as free again.翻译:年轻人一直被告知,他们应该充分利用他们的时间,并且他们再也不会像这般自由。
句子成分分析:Young people(主语) are always told (谓语) that they should make the most of their time,(宾从1) that they will never be as free again. (宾从2 )2 Parents say that they make their kids do housework to teach them responsibility(责任感).翻译:父母说他们让孩子做家务,来教他们责任感。
句子成分分析:Parents (主语)say(谓语) that they make their kids do housework to teach them responsibility(宾从).3 词汇积累:training培训 expense消费 requirement要求 care for照顾 homeless无家可归的Call 492-9345 to learn about training, expense and other requirements that are needed to care for a homeless child in your family.翻译:拨打电话 492 9345了解培训,费用以及照顾你家庭中无家可归孩子的其他要求。
句子成分分析:Call(谓语) 492-9345(宾语) to learn about training, expense and other requirements that are needed to care for a homeless child in your family.<目的状语> 这其中that are needed to care for a homeless child in your family是定语从句修饰requirements.。
初中英语长难句分析
初中英语长难句分析
1.确定主句和从句:分析句子结构时,首先要确定主句和从句的位置。
从句是指在句中充当状语、主语、宾语或定语的从句。
2.判断从句类型:根据从句在句中的功能,判断从句的类型是名词性
从句、定语从句还是状语从句。
3.确定从句引导词:根据从句的类型,确定从句的引导词是什么,如
关系代词、关系副词、连接代词、连接副词等。
4.分析主句和从句的关系:分析主句和从句之间的逻辑关系,判断从
句是用来说明、补充还是限制主句的内容。
5.分析从句的成分:分析从句的成分,如主语、谓语、宾语、定语等,进一步理解句子的意思。
6.解析句子意思:综合以上分析,理解整个句子的意思和表达的内容。
通过以上分析步骤,能够帮助学生解析初中英语长难句的结构和意义,提高对句子的理解能力。
(精品)初中英语长难句——语篇从句讲义(初中学生版)
初中英语阅读理解之长难句分析讲义语篇学语法——从句IarrivedinLondononafoggyday,togotoaveryimportantmeeting.Theplace①wherethemeetingwasgoingtobehel d wasontheothersideofthetown.Alltrafficcametoastop②becausethedriverswerenotabletoseemorethanayardinfrontofthem.Themeetingwouldbeginat9:0 0,soIdecidedtogothereonfoot.Minuteslater,Iwascompletelylost.Istoodthereandthough t③因此,复合句含有两个或两个以上的主谓结构(完整的句子),句子与句子之间用连接词连接。
其中,主句部分可以独立存在,但从句担当了主句某一句子成分,故通常不能独立存在。
根据从句在句子中充当的成分,可以将其分为6类,即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
名词性从句1.主语从句:,而不是用单词或短语来充当主语。
eg: (1)Whatyouneedismorepractice.(2)Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhasnotbeenannounced.(3)Thathewillnotattendthemeetingisclear.(4)Whetheritwilldousharmorgoodisunknown.注:有时,为了避免将太长的主语放在句首而使句子显得头重脚轻,通常用代词it做形式主语,而将真正的主语从句放到句子的后面。
例如:(1)It isclearthathewillnotattendthemeeting.(2)It isunknownwhetheritwilldousharmorgood.主语从句引导词:①连词that(在从句中不担任成分,本身没有词义),Isuppose⑤youarelost.((3)AfterwardItoldhim⑦whereIwantedtogo,tookhisarm,andwestarted.(这是told的宾语从句,充当间接宾语,引导词where在从句中充当状语)(4)Iwondered⑨whyhefoundhiswaysoeasily.(wondered的宾从,why在从句中充当状语)另外:宾语从句除了可以跟在及物动词之后外,还可以跟在介词的后面,充当介词的宾语。
初中英语含定语从句长难句的讲解
初中英语含定语从句长难句的讲解定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的句子,常用来给人或事物添加更多的描述信息。
下面是初中英语中必须掌握的定语从句知识点和一些例句:1. 定语从句引导词:关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词when, where, why。
例句:- The boy who is standing over there is my friend.- This is the book which/that I bought yesterday.- Do you know the reason why he is late?2.关系代词的不同用法:-主语:关系代词在定语从句中作为主语时,后面的动词要用单数形式。
例句:The teacher who teaches us English is very nice.-宾语:关系代词在定语从句中作为宾语时,后面的动词应该与先行词的主语保持一致。
例句:I have a brother who/whom I love very much.- 所有格:关系代词whose表示所有关系,用来修饰人或物。
例句:The girl whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.3.关系副词的使用:- when:表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
例句:I still remember the day when I first met her.- where:表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句:This is the school where I study.- why:表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。
4.定语从句的省略:-当定语从句中的主语和主句的主语相同或是物主代词时,可以省略关系代词或关系副词。
例句:The book (that/which) he borrowed from me is very interesting.-当定语从句中的宾语和主句的宾语相同时,可以省略关系代词或关系副词。
初三英语阅读理解长难句的分析与翻译技巧
初三英语阅读理解长难句的分析与翻译技巧对于初三的学生来说,英语阅读理解中的长难句常常是令人头疼的难题。
这些长难句结构复杂、词汇丰富,理解和翻译起来颇具挑战性。
但只要掌握了正确的方法和技巧,就能够轻松应对,提高阅读理解的能力和得分。
一、长难句的特点初三英语阅读理解中的长难句通常具有以下几个特点:1、句子结构复杂包含多种从句,如定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句等,或者使用了复杂的短语结构,如分词短语、不定式短语等。
例如:“The book that I bought yesterday, which is very interesting, has been recommended by many of my friends” 这个句子中既有定语从句“that I bought yesterday”,又有非限制性定语从句“which is very interesting”,句子结构较为复杂。
2、词汇量大且生僻长难句中往往会出现一些高级词汇、学术词汇或专业术语,增加了理解的难度。
比如:“The phenomenon of climate change has raised wides pread concerns among scientists and policymakers” 其中“phenomenon”(现象)和“policymaker”(政策制定者)可能对学生来说不是常见词汇。
3、逻辑关系隐晦长难句中的逻辑关系可能不那么直接和明显,需要仔细分析才能理清。
例如:“Although he worked hard, he failed the exam because he didn't pay attention to the details” 这个句子中包含了转折和因果两种逻辑关系。
二、长难句分析技巧1、找出句子的主干句子的主干是指主语、谓语和宾语等主要成分。
先找到主干,可以帮助我们快速把握句子的基本意思。
长难句讲义
一、词汇:核心词汇+普通词汇二、语法结构1、从句:定语、同位语、表语、宾语、状语。
定语从句关系词(8个):that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when、why。
定语从句中,从句和名词之间是一种修饰关系;同位语从句中,从句和名词之间是一种解释、说明、对等的关系。
定语从句是后面接了不完整的从句;同位语从句是名词后面接了完整的从句;表语从句就是am、is、are、was、were后面接了从句;宾语从句是接在了动词的后面;状语从句就是两个句子之间有一个逻辑的连接词。
2、并列结构。
通常用and、but连接。
3、插入语。
通常是用,,或者——连接。
解释说明,可有可无。
4、倒装。
全部倒装:在句子当中,如果出现了地点状语,或地点副词:here、there、in、out,就把地点状语或地点副词放在开头,把谓语动词放在中间,把主语放在后面。
部分倒装:当句首出现否定词的时候,可以将谓语动词上面的助动词提到主语的前面。
5、强调。
It is that……;将动词上面的do、does、did提到动词的前面来构成强调。
6、省略:分词作定语(定语从句的省略),独立主格结构(状语从句的省略)。
定语从句的省略:主语一致,当关系词如果在从句中充当的是主语时,是可以把它省略的;如果从句是主动形态的话则用ing形式,如果是被动语态的话则将动词保留为过去分词。
例子:This is the building which was constructed in 1998.This is the building constructed in 1998.例子:I know the teacher who comes from Britain.I know the teacher coming from Britain.状语从句的省略:主语一致,可以省略动作先发生的从句的主语,把主语省略之后,如果是主动的时候变成ing形式,被动的时候直接保留过去分词。
(全)2021中考英语-长难句-分析详解含译文
中考英语-长难句-分析详解含译文一、We all need heroes. We need to be able to respect people who have been there, done that, and succeeded. Many times the greatest heroes are the people we deal with every day - relatives(亲戚), friends, and neighbors - who will keep going when it is easier to give up.二、词汇突破:1. be able to 能够;2. respect 尊敬,敬重;3. people who have been there 先行者;4. deal with 打交道,处理;5. neighbor 邻居;6. keep going 继续下去;7. give up 放弃;三、拆分句子:Many times the greatest heroes are the people we deal with every day - relatives(亲戚), friends, and neighbors - who will keep going when it is easier to give up.本句话拆分后:1. Many times the greatest heroes are the people;2. (who) we deal with every day; who指代的是people, 在定语从句中做宾语,可以省略;3. relatives(亲戚), friends, and neighbors;是the people的同位语;4. who will keep going;who指代的是people;5. when it is easier to give up;四、参考译文:我们都需要英雄。
初中英语中的长难句解析
初中英语中的长难句解析在学习英语的过程中,我们经常会遇到一些长难句,这些句子结构复杂,用词繁琐,让人感到头疼。
然而,掌握长难句的解析方法,对我们的英语学习和应用至关重要。
本文将从不同角度解析初中英语中的长难句,帮助读者更好地理解和应用这些句子。
一、定语从句定语从句是初中英语中常见的长难句结构。
定语从句通常用来修饰名词,限定名词的意义。
在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词起到连接作用,引导从句。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.在这个句子中,关系代词"that"引导定语从句"that I borrowed from the library",修饰名词"book"。
定语从句起到进一步说明、描述的作用,帮助我们更好地理解名词的意义。
二、状语从句状语从句也是初中英语中常见的长难句结构。
状语从句用来表示时间、原因、条件、目的等等。
在状语从句中,连词起到连接作用,引导从句。
例如:I will go to bed early if I finish my homework.在这个句子中,连词"if"引导状语从句"if I finish my homework",表示条件。
状语从句起到进一步说明、解释的作用,帮助我们更好地理解句子的意义。
三、倒装句倒装句是初中英语中常见的长难句结构。
倒装句的主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒,用来强调某一部分的内容。
例如:Not only did he win the race, but he also broke the record.在这个句子中,主语"he"和谓语动词"did"的位置颠倒,形成了倒装句结构。
倒装句起到强调句子中某一部分的作用,使句子更加生动、有力。
2023年中考英语长难句方法重点讲解课件(共16张PPT)
① 我是李辉。 (I am Li Hui.) 主-系-表
② 我爱你。 (I love you. )
主-谓-宾
① 我是中国的李辉。 (I am Li Hui from China.) ② 我全心全意地爱你。 (I love you with all my heart.)
After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office.
3. 五步拆分步骤
① 隔离插入成分,寻找特殊标点② 寻找连词,确定句子种类 —— 并列句,主从句; ③ 寻找句中的动词或动词结构④ 确 定整句框架 —— 标出主句主干部分及从属连词; ⑤ 确定从 句框架 —— 标出从句主谓部分; **⑥ 分別翻译 —— 主从句 分别进行翻译; **⑦ 词句推敲 —— 中文语言进行表述。注: ** 部分为翻译要求步骤。
“At present they largely remain in the period of research studies,” notes Dr Greg Feero, special advisor to the director of genomic medicine at the US National Human Genome Research Institute.
(2) 逆译法。
即不再遵照英文原有的顺序,甚至完全逆着原有顺序翻译,如果英文的 表达次序和汉语的表达习惯不同甚至相反的话。
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means ( 通讯设备 ).
精品)初中英语长难句——语篇从句讲义(初中学生版)
精品)初中英语长难句——语篇从句讲义(初中学生版)XXX that was going to be held on the other side of town。
However。
all traffic came to a。
due to the XXX。
as drivers were unable to see more than a yard in front of them。
Despite the challenge。
I decided to walk to the meeting。
which was led to begin at 9:00.Minutes later。
I XXX。
a young man's voice emerged from the fog。
offering to help me。
Grateful for his assistance。
I shared the n of my meeting。
and we began to walk quickly through the dark and winding streets.As XXX journey。
I couldn't help but wonder how he was able to XXX I asked him。
he simply replied。
"I know this part of London quite well."Although I was initially worried about arriving late。
I was able to make it to the meeting on time thanks to the kind XXX.I am blind。
sir," he answered。
"In the fog。
it is the same for me as usual."In English grammar。
初中英语长难句
初中英语长难句1、It’s not easy to learn a new language, but if you keep trying, you will eventually succeed.(学习一门新语言不容易,但如果你一直努力,最终你会成功的。
)2、Although she is young, she knows a lot about history and other subjects.(尽管她很年轻,但她对历史和其他学科了解很多。
)3、He has been studying hard for months in order to pass the exam, and he finally did it last week.(他努力学习了几个月为了通过考试,他最终在上周做到了。
)4、We should respect the rights of others and not treat them unfairly.(我们应该尊重他人的权利,不应该不公平地对待他们。
)5、The movie was so interesting that I watched it twice in one week.(这部电影非常有趣,以至于我一周看了两次。
)6、The car accident left her with a broken leg and a broken heart.(车祸使她失去了一个破碎的腿和一颗破碎的心。
)7、She works hard and never stops until she reaches her goal.(她努力工作,直到达到目标才停下来。
)8、He travels all the time and has seen almost all of the world’s greatest cities.(他一直在旅行,已经几乎看过了世界上所有的伟大城市。
(全)初中英语-长难句拆解-详解
初中英语-长难句拆解-详解以人教版英语第八册教材为例,详细整理如何在英语学习中首脑并用。
I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.人教版第八册课文句子成分解析词法:arrive 不可以直接加名词,注意本句中介词与动词的搭配。
句法结构:本句只有主语,谓语,其余成分皆是状语。
语义整理:汉语中,状语前置。
推理分析:表明时间,地点,人物,说明本文既可以是说明文,也可以是记叙文。
It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 人教版第八册教材句子成分解析词法:near引导的成分,修饰其前面的名词。
to go 非谓语动词作宾语。
句法结构:本句是主从句,so 引导的是原因状语从句。
语义整理:it指天气。
推理分析:承接前文的时间,地点,人物,这里继续描写事件。
My sister and I tried paragliding.人教版第八册英语课文词法:trying,后面既可以出现to do,也可以出现doing。
句法:doing作宾语。
推理分析:详细梳理事件。
I felt like I was a bird.人教版英语第八册课文词法:like此处不是动词,是介词。
句法:两套主谓结构。
推理分析:用比喻,加强对事件的详细描述。
It was so exciting!人教版英语第八册课文词法:excited,多指人,exciting多指物。
推理分析:与上文指的是同一事件。
For lunch, we had something very special-Malaysian yellow noodles. 人教版,英语第八册课文词法:special与副词,名词的转换。
句法:状语如果出现在主语之前,多用逗号隔开。
语义整理:此处have是吃的意思。
推理分析:与上文所谈,不是同一件事。
九年级英语七单元长难句
九年级英语七单元长难句长难句是英语学习中的重点和难点之一,九年级英语七单元中也涉及了一些较为复杂的长难句结构。
本文将围绕九年级英语七单元的长难句进行详细解析。
1. "Although it was raining, we decided to go hiking."尽管下雨,我们决定去徒步旅行。
这是一个复合句,主句是"we decided to go hiking",从句是"Although it was raining"。
从句中的"Although"是引导词,表示让步关系,连接主从句。
这个句子中的长难句结构是"Although + 主句,从句"。
这个结构在英语中很常见,表示尽管某种情况存在,但还是做出了某个决定或采取了某个行动。
2. "She speaks English as if she were a native speaker."她说英语的样子就像是母语人士一样。
这是一个复合句,主句是"She speaks English",从句是"as if she were a native speaker"。
从句中的"as if"是引导词,表示比较关系,连接主从句。
从句中使用了虚拟语气,"she were"表示与现实相反的情况。
这个句子中的长难句结构是"主句 + as if + 从句"。
这个结构常用于比较或假设情况,表示某人或某事物表现得像是另一种情况。
3. "Having finished his homework, he went out to play basketball."他完成了作业,然后出去打篮球。
这是一个复合句,主句是"he went out to play basketball",从句是"Having finished his homework"。
九年级英语长难句或复合句总结
九年级英语长难句或复合句总结找逗号---找连词、介词---划分主干和非主干(从句、谓语动词、介词短语)1、连词①并列连词。
连接两个并列的句子,短语。
如and、but、while、yet②从属连词。
引导从句(名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句。
如that、for、since、as、which、what、when、where、while、how、whether、if、though、although、because、before、after、until、every time、the moment2、介词(1)作后置定语,修饰前一个名词。
翻译时提前。
(2)作状语,修饰谓语动词。
翻译时提前。
3、谓语动词在句中作状语和定语(1)Ving表示与要修饰的词是主动关系。
状语时看主句的主语,定语时看被修饰词。
(2)Ved表示与被修饰的词是被动关系。
状语时看主句的主语,定语时看被修饰词。
(3)To do 表示捋来或者某种意愿。
4、独立主格结构主句,非句子;非句子,主句主句的主语和非主句的主语不是一个主语形式:(with)+逻辑主语+谓语动词(ving、ved、to do)+其它,主句如:Kangkang finishing homework,Susan starts to watch TV、二、非主干和主干--句型结构1、—,S+V+O非主干处可表示:原因、目的、伴随(1)状语从句(2)介词结构(3)非谓语动词(4)独立主格结构(5)副词(形)2、S,V+O非主干处可表示同谓语、定语、原因(1)状语从句(2)介词结构(3)谓语动词(4)独立主格结构(5)副词(形)(6)定语从句(7)名词结构3、S+V+O,非主干处表同谓语、定语、结果、原因、目的、伴随(1)状语从句(2)介词结构(3)谓语动词(4)独立主格结构(5)副词(形)(6)定语从句(7)名词结构注:①n+ved两种情况:1)n和ved是主动关系--过去式作谓语2)n和ved是被动关系-谓语动词作后置定语②定语从句中的先行词在哪?1)不能跨越前面的谓语动词2)带入从句试探3)状语从句的省略主句和从句的主语一致,且从句中含有be动词,可省略从句的主语和be④That 的成分。
(精品)初中英语长难句——语篇从句讲义(初中学生版)(最新整理)
初中英语阅读理解之长难句分析讲义语篇学语法——从句I arrived in London on a foggy day, to go to a very important meeting. The place①where the meeting was going to be hel d was on the other side of the town. All traffic came to a stop②because the drivers were not able to see more than a yard in front of them.The meeting would begin at 9:00, so I decided to go there on foot.Minutes later, I was completely lost. I stood there and though t③that I would have to phone to the meeting to explain④that I was not able to arrive there on time.Then I heard a young man’s voice coming out of the fog, “I suppose⑤you are lost.Can I help you?”I was very glad to have a ma n⑥who could take me to the meeting. Afterward I told him⑦where I wanted to go, took his arm, and we started. We walked quite fast, turning corners and crossing roads.⑧As I followed him through the dark streets, I wondered⑨why he found his way so easily. “I know this part of London quite well,” he said.“But in such a fog it’s impossible to see anything,”I said.“I am blind, sir.” he answered, “In the fog, it is exactly the same for me as usual.”在英语语法中,按照句子结构,英语句子主要可以分为三种类型:简单句、并列句和复合句。
初中英语含定语从句长难句的讲解(初中英语必须掌握的定语从句知识点)
初中英语含定语从句长难句的讲解(初中英语必须掌握的定语从句知识点)#大有学问#大家好!今天我们一起来学习英语语法的重头戏—定语从句。
听起来很高级,但其实只要掌握了它的基本概念和知识点,定语从句就不再是难题了!首先,让我们看看什么是定语从句。
例如:I like the book. The book is on the table.这两个句子可以合并成:I like the book that is on the table.在这个新句子中,“that”是关系词,引导了修饰先行词“the book”的定语从句“that is on the table”。
定语从句包含先行词、关系词、从句主语、从句谓语和从句补语等基本要素。
1.先行词是被从句修饰的名词或代词。
2.关系词是用来引导定语从句的词,包括关系代词和关系副词。
关于关系词,我们可以分为三类:主语关系词、宾语关系词和表语关系词。
主语关系词包括:that、who和which;宾语关系词包括:that、whom和which;表语关系词只有一个,就是“whose”。
•关系代词“that”和“which”主要用于修饰事物。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
The movie which we watched last night was really good.我们昨晚看的电影非常好。
•关系代词“who”和“whom”主要用于修饰人,其中“who”用于主语或表语,而“whom”用于宾语。
例如:The person who is sitting next to me is my friend.坐在我旁边的那个人是我的朋友。
The woman whom I met at the party is a famous singer.我在派对上遇见的那位女士是一位著名的歌手。
初三英语-英语阅读中的长难句分析-1教案
教案
●讲解分析长难句的方法。
●复习连词、关系代词、关系副词等知识。
●用中考和模拟考试中的典型长难句,指导学生分析
和翻译长难句。
●引导学生总结长难句分析和翻译方法。
(1)找连词(并列、从属)、关系代词\副词。
(2)找谓语动词,确定分句或者主从句。
(3)翻译时,添加从句补充的信息。
●指导学生如何在自主学习中,练习和巩固分析长难
句的知识。
环节八作业●展示学生个性化笔记中的长难句分析作品。
●布置作业。
1. 回看本课,整理笔记;
2. 完成任务单中的长难句分析。
引导学生模仿和做自
己个性化的长难句学
习和巩固。
课下延续课上学习,
巩固所学。
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初中英语阅读理解之长难句分析讲义语篇学语法——从句I arrived in London on a foggy day, to go to a very important meeting. The place①where the meeting was going to be held was on the other side of the town. All traffic came to a stop②because the drivers were not able to see more than a yard in front of them. The meeting would begin at 9:00, so I decided to go there on foot.Minutes later, I was completely lost. I stood there and thought③ that I would have to phone to the meeting to explain ④that I was not able to arrive there on time. Then I heard a young man’s voice coming out of the fog, “I suppose ⑤you are lost. Can I help you?” I was very glad to have a man ⑥who could take me to the meeting. Afterward I told him ⑦where I wanted to go, took his arm, and we started. We walked quite fast, turning corners and crossing roads.⑧As I followed him through the dark streets, I wondered ⑨why he found his way so easily. “I know this part of London quite well,” he said.“But in such a fog it’s impossible to see anything,” I said.“I am blind, sir.” he answered, “In the fog, it is exactly the same for me as usual.”在英语语法中,按照句子结构,英语句子主要可以分为三种类型:简单句、并列句和复合句。
1.简单句:最基本的句子类型,一个句子中只含有一个主谓结构。
Eg:My uncle gives me a camera.Eg:Jim went to the party last night, but his wife didn’t..Study hard and you will make progress.3. 复合句:由一个主句与一个或一个以上的从句(从句有相应的连词引导)组成的句子。
名词性从句1. 主语从句:,而不是用单词或短语来充当主语。
eg: (1) What you need is more practice.(2) When the meeting will be held has not been announced.(3) That he will not attend the meeting is clear.(4) Whether it will do us harm or good is unknown.(1) It is clear that he will not attend the meeting.(2) It is unknown whether it will do us harm or good.②连词whether(意思是“是否”)③连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,which等引导,④连接副词when,where,how,why等引导。
2. 表语从句:。
跟在系动词后面的句子成分就是表语。
eg: (1) That is what I want to say. (what在从句中充当,不能省略)(2) My opinion is that we should make a decision right now.(3) The problem is who should be responsible for this car accident.(who在从句中当,不能省略)(4) What I want to know (从句)is who is in charge of the work(从句).(5) It looks as if it’s going to rain. (looks是系动词)(1) I stood there and thought ③that I would have to phone to the meeting to explain④that I was not able to arrive there on time.第③句是thought的宾语从句,第④句是explain的宾语从句。
(2) I suppose ⑤you are lost.(这是suppose的宾语从句,省略了that).(3) Afterward I told him ⑦where I wanted to go, took his arm, and we started.(这是told的宾语从句,充当间接宾语,引导词where在从句中充当状语)(4) I wondered ⑨why he found his way so easily.(wondered的宾从,why在从句中充当状语)另外:宾语从句除了可以跟在及物动词之后外,还可以跟在介词的后面,充当介词的宾语。
Eg:Your composition is quite good except that there are some spelling mistakes.(充当介词except的宾语)What we should take with us (主语从句)depends on where we’ll stay.(充当介词on的宾语)在使用宾语从句时,要注意:1)宾语从句的时态①当主句是过去时的某种时态时,从句的时态也要用相应的过去时的时态。
Eg:The teacher asked him whether he had studied English for 6 years.②但如果主句是现在的时态,则从句的时态根据从句本身的实际情况而定。
Eg:I am glad that you passed the exam.3)如果主句中it做形式宾语,而that引导宾语从句是真正的宾语时,that不能省略。
Eg:Many students take it for granted that their parents should do everything for them.(it是形式宾语,that引导的宾语从句是真正的宾语,不能省略that)形容词性从句限制性定语从句:与先行词的关系密切,如果将定语从句删掉,那么剩下的主句部分就会含混不清,另外,限制性定语从句之前不用标点符号。
I was very glad to have a man ⑥who could take me to the meeting.(1) A student, whose name I don’t know, comes to see you.(2) They will fly to London, where they plan to stay for a week.(3) Tom didn’t pass the maths exam, which made his parents angry.(4) One of the most senic areas is the Loire Valley, where you can visit the old castles in which the kings and queens of France used to live.注1:需要注意的是,当先行词是表示地点的名词时,引导词可以是关系代词that或which,但有时也用关系副词where。
例如:(1) This is the place which / that we visited last year.(2) This is the place where I once worked.具体区别在于:引导词that或which是关系代词,在从句中要充当主语或宾语。
在第(1)句中,which / that在定语从句中相当于做的语;而引导词where是关系副词,在定语从句中只能担当状语,如第(2)句中,where做的语,相当于,从句可以理解为: .注2:另外,当先行词是表示时间的名词时,定语从句的引导词同样可以是that或which,有时也用 when,其区别也是如此:that / which在定语从句中充当主语或宾语,而关系副词when则在所引导的定语从句中充当时间状语。
例如:(1)We often think of the days which / that we spent together on the island.(2)We often think of the days when we worked together in the town.虽然这两个句子的先行词都是the days,但是在第一句中,which / that相当于,在定语从句中做谓语动词的语;在第二句中,when相当于 ,,在定语从句中做语:The reason why I was late for the class was that I missed the bus.Where is the man (who / whom / that) I saw yesterday.1. whom: 先行词必须是人,whom在定语从句中只能做宾语。
例如:He is the man whom I met yesterday.该句中的whom可以换成who或that,也可以省略。
who和that在定语从句中可以充当主语和宾语,因此,当定语从句的引导词在从句中担当宾语时,who, that和whom可以互换,也可以省略。