2019年7月托福真题回忆
2019年7月9日托福真题预测
2019年7月9日托福真题预测No.1Recruitment： Insects release signals to inform other insects to come and cooperate. For example, there is a type of ant called the fire ant that live in nests in South America. Some ants have a special job which is to leave the nests to find food. When one ant finds a piece of fruit too big for it to carry back, it will walk back to recruit more ants while releasing a chemical that forms a trail on the way. When it arrives, other ants can then follow the trail and find the fruit and then carry it back together.NO.2Definition： Environment impact assessment, ""The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision makers consider the environmental impacts when deciding whether or not to proceed with a project."Example： The professor gives an example of a construction company. The company was going to build a shopping center on a large land. Before the construction, they did a study and found the land was wetland. Their original plan was to fill solid soil into this land. But the environment impact assessment said that the wetland was very important for the environment. It could prevent flooding because it could holdwater. So they decided not to fill the land and cancel this plan. Alternatively, they moved to another piece of land.关于政府the government是否应该own Amtrak(Amtrak是美国的铁路公司，为政府所有)。
2019托福听力真题回忆
2019托福听力真题回忆小编给大家整理了2019年托福考试的真题回忆，希望能够帮助到你们！2019托福听力真题回忆托福阅读听力评分标准本文介绍的是托福阅读听力评分标准,主要帮助大家在考完托福考试后，对应下面的表格，自己做对了多少题，就可以算出考试分数了，下面大家看托福阅读听力评分标准的详细内容。
新托福听力一共是6篇文章，34道题，在6篇文章中所有回答正确的题目数量加起来就是你的“total points”。
在一道表格题中，所有的项目都要回答正确，你才算是拿到了point。
在双项选择题中，只有把两个正确答案都选出来才算拿到了point，少选、多选或者误选都不行。
新托福听力评分标准：新托福阅读考试共三篇文章，每篇12-14道题，如果遇到加试时从考试的五篇文章中随机选取三篇计分。
在这三篇文章中所有回答正确的题目数量加起来就是你的“total points”。
除重要观点题和归类题以外，每道题的分值都是1分。
重要观点题的分值可能是2分。
归类题为3或4分。
考试所得分数范围：0-30分。
新托福阅读评分标准：新托福口语评分标准如下：新托福作文评分标准：六分：文章切题，阐说充分，文章有说服力;段落组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活，娴熟;用词确切，得体。
文章中有个别语法拼写错误，但不影响内容表达。
五分：文章切题，阐说基本充分，在某些细节上有缺陷。
段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，逻辑性强;句间连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活;用词基本得体。
文章中有少量用词不当和语法拼写错误。
四分：文章切题，阐说尚可，展开不够。
段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅;有部分句法错误;用词一般，有时不得体。
词性区分和拼写等有若干错误。
三分：文章切题，段落组织基本合理，有逻辑性，但只存在于语义层次上，语言表达上未能体现;句子框架结构基本成立，但有许多语法错误，句间联系不顺畅，往往是不善于使用逻辑连词，显得幼稚，生硬。
2019年7月13日托福阅读考试真题及答案
2019年7月13日托福阅读考试真题及答案托福考试几乎是每个店铺的学生，都需要参加的考试，那么最近的托福考试真题是怎样的呢？来和看看2019年7月13日托福阅读考试真题及答案。
Passage1 Why Paleozoic Insects were So Large？为何古生代昆虫如此之大？（重复2016.12.10）本文共4段。
第1段提出Paleozoic 之前大气含氧量不是很大；第2段讲到Paleozoic 含氧量大大提升，因此 insects 可以吸收更多氧气，所以变得更大。
第3段讲到air got denser 所以更多insects可以飞；第4段讲到为什么insects没有变得像飞机一样大，因为都有limit。
Passage 2 Mesopotamian and Egyptian Settlements美索不达米亚和埃及的定居方式（重复2017.11.18）美索不达米亚和埃及的城市分布情况。
美索不达米亚的城市共用语言、钱币，城市间的精英之间有土和资源的竞争，城市和城市之间会进行资源交换，所以其城市的大小取决于可以从相邻城市所获得的利润的多少。
埃及的城市分布在尼罗河流域，每个地区都可以使用到水资源，并且其贸易很公平，埃及的城市的人口分布非常均匀，所以埃及的城市时间比美索不达米亚的时间长。
Passage 3 The Chaco Roads查科道路（重复2017.02.25）主要讲的是美国有一个地方道路有神秘性，平时没有动物或者推车之类的经过。
对于这个地方有两种不同的说法。
一是这条路还是目的在于交通和运输，另一个说法是除了交通运输的作用，这条道路可能也有着某些宗教性用途，论证的过程中有图片作为证据。
细节描述了几条从Chaco峡谷里的大房子Pueblo Bonito 和大房子Chetro Ketl 延伸出来的狭窄小路向上攀升，攀上了Chaco峡谷的北缘，然后这几条小路汇聚于Pueblo Alto变成一条道路。
7月1日托福机经真题回忆
7月1日托福机经真题回忆【听力】convertstion1女学生找教授问课程大纲上的细节因为自己错过了一些开始的东西(有考题)，教授一开始以为她找不到资源、所以跟她说用学校ID号跟password可以在class website上下载资料.(此处问教授为什么提到password)然后女生就问了很多syllabus上不太明白的地方，教授提到一个周末去museum的tour。
女生问什么时间，为什么她没有在syllabus上找到，教授说因为他还在跟museum的人协商具体的时间，所以还没给出具体的时间(此处有考题)。
最后女生说这个tour可能要跟她的tutoring volunteer的活动有冲突很纠结，教授说museumtour机会难得，又有好多好处，所以意思建议女生改变tutoring volunteer的时间(有考题)。
convertstion2学生找教授讨论下学期全职实习的事宜，征求教授的意见，说他的一位女同学通过实习获得了reporter的工作，教授说实习并不一定能保证发offer，并且会影响到学习，学生说没有问题。
【口语】Task 11.College students should be allowed to keep pets in their dormitories.What do you think? Please include specific reasons and details in yourexplanation.2.One of your friends is usually exhausted for his work. What suggestionswill you give to him if he wants to cultivate some personal interests?3.If someone is visiting your country, what food will you introduce to thevisitor and why? Please include specific examples anddetails in yourexplanation.4.School is planning to forbid the use of cell-phone on campus. What do youthink are the effects of the policy?5.If you were making a donation, Which of the organizations would you bemaking your donations to? Environmental protection group,city library, Or animalshelter6.What do you think we should do to reduce the use of cars or othervehicles in order solve the traffic problems? Please include specific examplesand details in your explanation.7.Which of the following is the best way to learn about a city: to join anorganized trip; to visit the museums; to take walks in the streets of itscities?8.Describe one or two ways your life may change five years from now. Pleaseinclude specific reasons and details in your response.9.The advantages and disadvantages or the fast food.10.Which of the following inventions do you think has made the greatestimpact on people in your country, the airplane, the computer,or the television?Please include specific reasons and examples to support your choice.【阅读】阅读1Egypt:选都问题，为什么选择了一个叫做Ma的城市第一段讲的是地理位置上可以control可以控制全国，囚为位置靠上.对比旧首都?此处有题，细节题，问为什么新首都比旧首都好?第二段讲的是从好济贸易上讲，新首部可以使统治者控制经济，因为新首都M是经济运输的必经之地。
7月14日托福机经真题回忆
7月14日托福机经真题回忆7月7日考情回顾：Task 1: If the government wants to invest in the following fields, whichone do you think is the most worthwhile?1) Land exploration2) Education3) Health care (完全命中，机经Task 1第17题)Task 2: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parentsshould not let children choose jobs (such as an athlete or an artist) which are difficult to become successful.7月8日考情回顾：Task 1: What do you think are the problems when parents raise their kid?(父子关系话题命中，机经Task1第9题、第11题)Task 2: When discussing assignment with the professor, which one do you prefer: face to face or in written form? (话题命中，机经Task2第13题) 7月14日考试题目Task 1:1. Which one would you prefer? Go to a college in your hometown or go to auniversity in a new town?2. Which of the following classes is the most attractive to students1. Sound engineering2. History of rock music3. Film studies3. You will need to accomplish an assignment to do a presentation. Whichwill you choose?1. Act out a scene from a play with a partner2. Explain your review of a novel you recently you read3. Read a selection of poem4. Teachers now tend to give students group assignment instead ofindividual assignment. Talk about the advantage and disadvantage of it.5. University students encounter many difficult challenges in theirstudies. Which challenge do you think is the most difficult one and how do you deal with it?6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of expelling students fromtheir school, if they are caught cheating in exams?7. The university wants to provide student more entertainments and three choices provided below. Which do you prefer and why?1. A theater performance by the student actors;2. A concert provided by professional musician;3. A lecture from a professor8. Which of the following library volunteer would you want to choose todo:1. helping people find the right material2. reading to kids3. keeping bookshelves organized?9. How should parents teach their kids to work with others?10. Talk about an experience that you hurt someone’s feeling.11. Your friend has just moved to a new city and is nervous about making new friends. What advice would you give your friend?12. Which of the following background do you think a potential government leader should have?1) Military background2) Business background3) Legal background13. Which of the qualities that the parents or family members can help you develop.1) Self-confidence2) Kindness3) Patience14. Which one do you prefer? To spend money buying or owning things like clothes, computers, or to spend it on experiences like vacations or concerts.15. Some students enjoy decorating their surroundings; other choose to keep their surroundings simple and free of any decorations. Which do you prefer and why?16. Which would you prefer: start a project as early as possible or waituntil the deadline?17. Which of the following jobs or careers do you think would be most rewarding?1) University professor2) Environmental scientist3) Newspaper journalistChoose one career and explain why you think it would be most edetails and examples to support your answer.18. When traveling, which of the following will you choose to better learnabout a place?1) walking on the street2) taking an organized trip3) visiting museum19. Which of the following has the greatest impact on students’life?1) electronic books2) smart phones3) online courses20. If a foreign teacher comes to your country to teach high schoolstudent, what suggestions will you give him for preparation?Task 2:1. Some people like to study in public places where there are other people around. Others prefer to study in places where there are few or no people around. Which kind of place do you prefer? Explain why.2. Do you agree or disagree that the determining factor that the successful of students in school is the intelligence?3. Do you agree or disagree: students should be required to participate in volunteer work?4. Your school is planning to ban library computers from accessing social media websites. Do you agree or disagree with such a plan?5. Some people prefer to stay in touch with their friends and family members while traveling. Others prefer not to get in touch and stay alone. Which do you prefer andwhy?6. When giving feedbacks to students, some teachers would like to talk to their students in person; while some teachers would give written comments to students. Which do you prefer and why?7. Friends may disagree with each other, and still maintain friendship. Do you agree with or disagree with this idea, why?8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should receive money for doing household tasks such as cleaning. Use specific examples and details to support your opinion.9. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should be involved in the process of helping their children to choose a career. Use specific examples and details to support your opinion.10. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Good teachers admit they make mistakes or don’t know something.11. Do you agree or disagree that to succeed we need to make enemies?12. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement that artists need to be talented to be successful?13. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Participating in team sports is a good way for young person to learn team cooperation.14. Some people think that with the development of technology and Internet, libraries will disappear; while others think libraries are always necessary. Which one do you agree? Please give specific details to support your opinion.15. Do you agree or disagree that one of the best ways to learn about a country is to watch its TV shows?16. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the future, people will read fewer books than they do toady. Use specific examples and details to support your opinion.17. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is important to remember and learn from the past. Use details and examples to explain your opinion.18. Agree or disagree: People are never too late to receive university education.19. Do you agree or disagree that the determining factor that the successful of students in school is the intelligence?20. Do you agree or disagree that it is important for young people to learn skills like cooking, sewing and caring for others?【阅读】passage1阅读文章：鸟类群居现象很常见，然而群居有很多显而易见的危险：增加了传染病毒和寄生虫的风险;竞争和暴力增加。
2019年托福阅读试题及答案(卷二)
2019年托福阅读试题及答案（卷二）【待插入句子】Indeed, at the height of Athenian democracy there was no government separate from its citizenry.Where would the sentence best fit? Click on square to add the sentence to the passage.【待插入段落】During the fifth century B. C. the council of 500 was extremely influential in shaping policy. In the next century, however, it was the mature assembly that took on decision-making responsibility. By any measure other than that of the aristocrats, who had been upstaged by the supposedly inferior "people," the Athenian democracy was a stunning success. Never before, or since, have so many people been involved in the serious business of self-governance. It was precisely this opportunity to participate in public life that provided a stimulus for the brilliant unfolding of classical Greek culture.1.首先公布答案：3rd square;2.然后我们来看一下待插入的句子：Indeed表示强调，翻译成“确实”;at the height of…在...的巅峰;还有一个there was no…用否定来表示强调：没有政府是跟全体市民分隔开的，言外之意就是说雅典的民主程度非常之高。
2019托福阅读考试试卷真题和答案(10页)
2019年托福阅读模拟试题及答案解析托福阅读原文The Development of Steam Power【1】By the eighteenth century, Britain wasexperiencinga severe shortage of energy. Because ofthe growth of population, most of the great forests of medieval Britain had long ago beenreplaced by fields of grain and hay. Wood was in ever-shorter supply, yet it remainedtremendously important.It served as the primary source of heat for all homes and industriesand as a basic raw material. Processed wood (charcoal) was the fuel that was mixed with ironore in the blast furnace to produce pig iron (raw iron). The iron industry’s appetite for woodwas enormous, and by 1740 the British iron industry was stagnating. Vast forests enabledRussia to become the world’s leading producer of iron, much of which was exported to Britain. But Russia’spotential for growth was limited too, and in a few decades Russia would reach thebarrier of inadequate energy that was already holding England back.【2】As this early energy crisis grew worse, Britain looked toward its abundant and widelyscattered reserves ofcoal as an alternative to its vanishing wood. Coal was first used in Britainin the late Middle Ages as a source of heat.By 1640 most homes in London were heated withit, and it also provided heat for making beer, glass, soap, and other products. Coal was notused, however, to produce mechanical energy or to power machinery. It was there thatcoal’spotential wad enormous.【3】As more coal was produced, mines were dug deeper and deeper and were constantlyfilling with water. Mechanical pumps, usually powered by hundreds of horses waling incircles atthe surface, had to be installed Such power was expensive and bothersome. In an attempt toovercome these disadvantages, Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 invented the first primitive steam engines. Both engines were extremely inefficient. Bothburned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump. However, by theearly 1770s, many of the Savery engines and hundreds of the Newcomen engines wereoperating successfully, though inefficiently, in English and Scottish mines.【4】In the early 1760s, a gifted young Scot named James Watt was drawn to a critical studyof the steam engine. Watt was employed at the time by the University of Glasgow as a skilledcrafts worker making scientific instruments. In 1763：Watt was called on to repair a Newcomenengine being used in a physics course. After a series of observations, Watt saw that theNewcomen’s waste of energy could be reduced by adding a separate condenser. This splendidinvention, patented in 1769, greatly increased the efficiency of the steam engine. The steamengine of Watt and his followers was the technological advance that gave people, at least for awhile, unlimited power and allowed the invention and use of all kinds of power equipment.【5】The steam engine was quickly put to use in several industries in Britain. It drained minesand made possible the production of ever more coal to feed steam engines elsewhere. Thesteam power plant began to replace waterpower in the cotton-spinning mills as well as otherindustries during the1780s, contributing to a phenomenal rise in industrialization. TheBritish iron industry was radically transformed. The useof powerful, steam-driven bellows inblast furnaces helpediron makers switch over rapidly from limited charcoal to unlimited coke(which is made from coal) in the smelting ofpig iron (the process of refining impure iron) after1770 inthe 1780s, Henry Cort developed the puddling furnace, which allowed pig iron to berefined in turn with coke. Cort also developed heavy-duty, steam-powered rolling mills, whichwere capable of producing finished iron in every shape and form.【6】The economic consequence of these technical innovations in steam power was a greatboom in the Britishiron industry. In 1740 annual British iron production wasonly 17：000 tons, but by 1844： with the spread of coke smelting and the impact of Cort’s inventions, ithadincreased to 3,000：000 tons. This was a truly amazing expansion. Once scarce and expensive, iron became cheap, basic, and indispensable to the economy.托福阅读试题1.What can be inferred from paragraph 1 aboutBritain's short supply of wood in the eighteenthcentury?A.Wood from Britain’s great forests was beingexportedto other countries for profit.B.A growing population had required cutting down forests to increase available land forfarming.rger families required the construction of larger homes made from wood.D.What was left of the great forests after the medieval period was being strictly protected.2.Select TWO answer choices that, according to paragraph 1, are true statementsabout Russia’s iron industry in the eighteenth century. To obtain credit, you mustselect TWO answer choices.A.Russia reached its maximum production of iron at the same time as Britain.B.Russia exported much of its iron production to Britain.C.Russia’s appetite for iron increased rapidly after 1740.D.Russia’s energy resourceseventually becameinsufficient and limited the growth of its iron industry.3.The word "abundant" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.reliableB.plentifulC.well-preservedD.existing4.Why are "beer, glass, soap, and other products" mentioned in the discussion ofBritain’s energy?A.To help explain why the energy crisis was so severeB.To show that despite the energy crisis and as early as 1640, London homes were advancedand well suppliedC.To emphasize that after 1640, British homes required energy for more than heatD.To indicate that coal had been used for the production of certain products before theeighteenth century5.According to paragraph 3, all of the following are ways in which the Savery andNewcomen engines were similar EXCEPT：A.Both became relatively inexpensive after the 1770s.B.Both produced steam by burning coal.C.Both were used to operate pumps.D.Both were very inefficient.6.The word "gifted" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.independentB.talentedC.famousD.ambitious7.According to paragraph 4, what was James Watt’s major achievement?A. He was able to apply his understanding of physics to invent a variety of scientificinstruments and tools for skilled crafts workers.B.He taught university physics courses to outstanding students whose observations led tomany patented inventions.C.He improved the efficiency of Newcomen’s engine by preventing energy from being lost.D.He redesigned Newcomen’s engine so that it no longer needed a separate condenser.8.The word "splendid" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.originalB.necessaryC.magnificentD.popular9.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 5 as a development thatgreatly changed the production of iron?A.The use of coke in the smelting of pig ironB.The invention of a furnace that used coke to refine ironC.The discovery of a method for increasing the production of charcoalD.The invention of powerful machinery that could shape, form, and finish iron10.In paragraph 6, why does the author compare British iron production in 1740 withthat of 1844?A.To contrast the amounts of iron needed in Britain in two different centuriesB.To illustrate how easy it was to make money using Cort’s inv entionC.To demonstrate the tremendous growth of the iron industry in BritainD.To demonstrate how inexpensive coal had become11.The word "indispensable" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.advantageousB.essentialC.less costlyD.highly stimulating12.According to the passage, which of the following is true about the development ofsteam power?A.The steam engine’s basic technology can be traced back to medieval Britain when steam-powered machinery was being tried in farming activities.B.Although Russia and Britain developed steam-power technology simultaneously, Britain wasfirst to try it in a large-scale industry due to a greater need for iron.C.Steam-power technology was largely the result of improvements developed to increase thesupply of coal as a primary source of energy.D.Adaptations to steam engines required for their use in cotton-spinning mills led to radicaldevelopments in machinery used in the iron industry.13. Look at the four squares [■] that i ndicate where the following sentence could beadded to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit? Energy had not been aproblem for Britain in the past because it relied on a rich source of energy： its vastforests.By the eighteenth century, Britain was experiencing a severe shortage of energy. ■【A】 Because of the growth of population, most of the great forests of medieval Britain had longago been replaced by fields of grain and hay. ■【B】Wood was in ever-shorter supply, yet itremained tremendouslyimp ortant. ■【C】It served as the primary source of heat for allhomes and industries and as a basic raw material. ■【D】Processed wood (charcoal) was thefuel that was mixed withiron ore in the blast furnace to produce pig iron (raw iron). The ironindustry’s appe tite for wood was enormous, and by 1740 the British iron industry wasstagnating. Vast forests enabled Russia to become the world’s leading producer of iron, much ofwhich was exported to Britain. But Russia’s potential for growth was limited too, and in a fewdecades Russia would reach the barrier of inadequate energy that was already holdingEngland back.14. Directions： An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage of thepassage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answerchoicesthat express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choicesdo not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented inthe passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This questions is worth 2 points.By the eighteenth century, Britain was experiencing a severe shortage of energy.A.The development of blast furnaces for the manufacture of pig iron made the Britain lessdependent on wood.B.After the medieval period, both Russia and Britain began to look for alternative sources ofenergy, such as steam power, in order to maintain the growth of their iron industries.C.Two inventors designed the first steam engines in order to overcome the disadvantages ofrelying on horses to power the pumps used in mining coal.D.James Watt was able to improve upon the efficiency of the steam engine and make it usefulto several industries.E.The puddling furnace increased the availability of charcoal to a variety of industries fromcotton to iron production.F.Steam power increased coal production, which in turn allowed extraordinary growth of theiron industry and the British economy.托福阅读答案1.B2.BD3.B4.D5.A6.B7.C8.C9.C10.C11.B12.C13.A14.CDF。
2019托福阅读考试真题(5)
2019年托福考试专项培训测试题及答案二In seventeenth-century colonial North America, all day-to-day cooking was done in the fireplace. Generally large, fireplaces were planned for cooking as well as for warmth. Those in the Northeast were usually four or five feet high, and in the South, they were often high enough for a person to walk into. A heavy timber called the mantel tree was used asa lintel to support the stonework above the fireplace opening. This timber might be scorched occasionally, but it was far enough in front of the rising column of heat to be safe from catching fire.Two ledges were built across from each other on theinside of the chimney. On these rested the ends of a "lug pole" from which pots were suspended when cooking. Wood froma freshly cut tree was used for the lug pole, so it wouldresist heat, but it had to be replaced frequently because it dried out and charred, and was thus weakened. Sometimes the pole broke and the dinner fell into the fire. When iron became easier to obtain, it was used instead of wood for lug poles, and later fireplaces had pivoting metal rods to hang pots from.Beside the fireplace and built as part of it was the oven. It was made like a small, secondary fireplace with aflue leading into the main chimney to draw out smoke. Sometimes the door of the oven faced the room, but most ovens were built with the opening facing into the fireplace. On baking days (usually once or twice a week) a roaring fire of "oven wood," consisting of brown maple sticks, was maintained in the oven until its walls were extremely hot. The emberswere later removed, bread dough was put into the oven, and the oven was sealed shut until the bread was fully baked.Not all baking was done in a big oven, however. Also used was an iron "bake kettle," which looked like a stewpot on legs and which had an iron lid. This is said to have worked well when it was placed in the fireplace, surrounded by glowing wood embers, with more embers piled on its lid.1. Which of the following aspects of domestic life in colonial North America does the passage mainly discuss?(A) methods of baking bread(B) fireplace cooking(C) the use of iron kettles in a typical kitchen(D) the types of wood used in preparing meals2. The author mentions the fireplaces built in the South to illustrate(A) how the materials used were similar to the materials used in northeastern fireplaces(B) that they served diverse functions(C) that they were usually larger than northeastern fireplaces(D) how they were safer than northeastern fireplaces3. The word "scorched烧焦的" in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) burned(B) cut(C) enlarged(D) bent4. The word "it" in line 6 refers to(A) the stonework(B) the fireplace opening(C) the mantel tree(D) the rising column of heat5. According to the passage , how was food usually cooked in a pot in the seventeenth century?(A) By placing the pot directly into the fire(B) By putting the pot in the oven(C) By filling the pot with hot water(D) By hanging the pot on a pole over the fire6. The word "obtain" in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) maintain(B) reinforce(C) manufacture(D) acquire7. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2 asa disadvantage of using a wooden lug pole?(A) It was made of wood not readily available.(B) It was difficult to move or rotate.(C) It occasionally broke.(D) It became too hot to touch.8. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that, compared to other firewood, "oven wood" produced(A) less smoke(B) more heat(C) fewer embers(D) lower flames9. According to paragraph 3, all of the following were true of a colonial oven EXCEPT：(A) It was used to heat the kitchen every day.(B) It was built as part of the main fireplace.(C) The smoke it generated went out through the main chimney.(D) It was heated with maple sticks.10. According to the passage , which of the following was an advantage of a "bake kettle"?(A) It did not take up a lot of space in the fireplace.(B) It did not need to be tightly closed.(C) It could be used in addition to or instead of the oven.(D) It could be used to cook several foods at one time.BCACD DCBAA。
2019托福阅读考试真题(4)
2019年托福考试专项培训测试题及答案三The sculptural legacy that the new United Statesinherited from its colonial predecessors was far from a rich one, and in fact, in 1776 sculpture as an art form was still in the hands of artisans and craftspeople. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see standing today in old burial grounds. Some skilled craftspeople made intricately carved wooden ornamentationsfor furniture or architectural decorations, while others caved wooden shop signs and ships' figureheads. Although they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, they remained artisans skilled in the craft of carving and constituted a group distinct from what we normally think of as "sculptors" in today's use of the word.On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770's when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pitt. Wilton also made a lead equestrian image of King George III that was created in New York in 1770 and torn down by zealous patriots six years later. A few marble memorials with carved busts, urns, or other decorations were produced in England and brought to the colonies to be set in the walls of churches — as in King's Chapel in Boston. But sculpture as a high art, practiced by artists who knew both the artistic theory of their Renaissance-Baroque-Rococo predecessors and the varioustechnical procedures of modeling, casting, and carving rich three-dimensional forms, was not known among Americans in 1776. Indeed, for many years thereafter, the United States had two groups from which to choose — either the local craftspeople or the imported talent of European sculptors.The eighteenth century was not one in which powered sculptural conceptions were developed. Add to this the timidity with which unschooled artisans — originally trained as stonemasons, carpenters, or cabinetmakers — attacked the medium from which they sculpture made in the United States in the late eighteenth century.1. What is the main idea of the passage ?(A) There was great demand for the work of eighteenth-century artisans.(B) Skilled sculptors did not exist in the United States in the 1770's.(C) Many foreign sculptors worked in the United States after 1776.(D) American sculptors were hampered by a lack of tools and materials.2. The word "motifs" in line 3 is closest in meaning to(A) tools(B) prints(C) signatures 签名(D) designs3. The work of which of the following could be seen in burial grounds?(A) European sculptors(B) Carpenters(C) Stone carves(D) Cabinetmakers4. The word "others" in line 6 refers to(A) craftspeople(B) decorations(C) ornamentations(D) shop signs5. The word "distinct" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) separate(B) assembled(C) notable(D) inferior6. The word "rare" in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) festive(B) infrequent(C) delightful(D) unexpected7. Why does the author mention Joseph Wilton in line 13?(A) He was an English sculptor who did work in the United States.(B) He was well known for his wood carvings(C) He produced sculpture for churches.(D) He settled in the United States in 1776.8. What can be inferred about the importation of marble memorials from England?(A) Such sculpture was less expensive to produce locally than to import(B) Such sculpture was not available in the United States.(C) Such sculpture was as prestigious as those made locally.(D) The materials found abroad were superior.9. How did the work of American carvers in 1776 differ from that of contemporary sculptors?(A) It was less time-consuming(B) It was more dangerous.(C) It was more expensive.(D) It was less refined.BDCAA BABD。
7.10托福考试真题回忆+听力解析!阅读加试重出江湖!
7.10托福考试真题回忆+听力解析！7月10日托福考试真题回忆，托福听力由天道名师刘天舒独家解析阅读第一篇中国货币不继续用铜币因为铜短缺，后来印纸币出现了问题，一个是政府印库存实际没有的币额，导致人民不再信任政府，印纸币是有钱人提倡的，但是后来因为钱庄和取钱人记录有出入也出现了问题，后来清政府上位后完美的开始了规矩的印纸钱。
第二篇热带雨林文章先说生活在那边的部落，每个都有自己的语言，穿的衣服也不一样，多样性程度高，因为热带雨林的地理原因把他们隔绝开来了。
相比较整个欧洲有50种语言，但是那边的村庄说400种（好像），然后就说热带雨林的植物动物也是一样，隔不远就有新的物种出现，互相也很少有机会交流。
那边的动植物有鲜艳的颜色、大嗓门，用于在密集的绿色雨林中找到自己的小伙伴。
第三篇恐龙灭绝的原因先说可能是sea retreat导致空气瞬冷，恐龙无法适应温差，这里提出疑问，难道其他冷血动物可以？而且有些恐龙是温热动物。
还有一个假说是火山导致的。
还提到地下在两个代表时间点cretaceous和c之间有一层thin layer,有很多iridium。
科学家想研究看how long这1cm的IR was deposited。
地球表面并没有了，科学家一开始猜测是陨石带来的，但是觉得不完全是因为陨石，更有可能是asteroid。
听力解析Conversation 1【选课】有个人去找他的课程advisor，她的advisor以为她不想要数学课，就跟她说没想象的那么难，而且很多地方都能用到。
但是这个人说不是，我是来说别的事，好像是本来想学语言，但是那门课太火了，所以学校是想再多找一个老师。
但是让这个女孩也别指望自己能赶上。
中间说了一个别的什么教授，教的特别好，让他们对能源的使用重新思考。
Lecture 1【天文】月球的磁场形成原因，教授说月球之友local磁场没有像地球一样的global磁场。
而且local磁场分weak和strong两类。
7月3日托福考试最新真题回忆!
7月3日托福考试最新真题回忆！7月3日托福考试真题回忆，由天道刘天舒老师整理收集。
口语第一题Your friend is coming to your country for studying, but he or she is worried about the cost, what are the advices you can offer?第二题Some people answer mobile phones and reply text messages when they are meeting friends in person, others think it is not a polite thing to do when they are already having a face to face conversation, what is your opinion on this matter?第三题阅读：学校要建新的auditorium代替旧的，旧的是学校最古老的建筑之一。
原因：1．新的更干净更现代化。
2．新的可以容纳更多人听力反驳1．旧的auditorium见证了学校的历史而且这种Historical looking很好。
2.旧的auditorium没有完全坐满过，只有一部分人在这里开演唱会，所以expansion没必要。
第四题阅读动物在不好的生存环境下时，为了避免伤害保存能量会进入一个inactive的状态叫Dormancyo听力说了一种鱼，生活在浅的湖泊中，在dryseason的时候，这种鱼会在水完全干涸之前在湖底的泥几挖洞，然后躲在这里面。
这个期间它们会保持still呼吸减少心跳变很慢，燃烧很少的能量。
等到dryseason过去开始有水再出来。
第五题问题女生想报吉他课但是因为选的人不多所以取消了方法一她的朋友帮她在musicfaculty找了个教授可以给她上privatelesson.缺点是贵。
2019年托福复习资料试题及答案
2019年托福复习资料试题及答案As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased. The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities. Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials and expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility. Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society.The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened. Kindergartens, vacation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. Classes for adult immigrants were sponsored by public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses, and other agencies.Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were one such population. Schools tried to educate youngwomen so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for women was the home.Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women, American education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home, in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States, however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American homemaker was viewed as a consumer rather than a producer. Schools trained women to be consumer homemakers cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children "efficiently" in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others. Subsequent reforms have made these notions seem quite out-of-date.1. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that one important factor in the increasing importance of education in the United States was(A) the growing number of schools in frontier communities(B) an increase in the number of trained teachers(C) the expanding economic problems of schools(D) the increased urbanization of the entire country。
2019年7月雅思真题回忆及解析
2019年7月雅思真题回忆及解析2019年7月雅思真题回忆及解析学习是一个长期坚持的过程，对于考试而言，每天进步一点点，基础扎实一点点，日积月累，考试就会更容易一点点。
无忧考网搜集整理了2019年7月雅思真题回忆，希望对大家有所帮助。
2019年7月举行了4场考试，考试时间为7月6日、7月18日、7月20日、7月27日。
以下内容仅供参考。
7月6日雅思口语真题回忆：Part 1考题总结考题总结基本题HometownWhere do you come from?What's the most attractive part of your hometown?What’s the weather like in your hometown?Do you know much about the history of your hometown?Has your hometown changed much these years?Would you say your hometown is a big city or a small town?For you, what benefits are there living in a big city?Do you think you will be still living in your hometown in the future?AccommodationWhat kind of housing do you live in?Do you live in a house or a flat?Do you live alone or with your family?Could you please describe the place you live in?Can you describe the room you live in?Which is your favourite room in your home?Is there anything which needs to be improved in your flat?What can you see when you look out the window of yourroom?The Area You Live InDo you like the area that you live in?What are some changes in the area recently?Do you know any famous people in your area?Where do you like to go to that area?Work or StudyAre you a student or do you work now?What subjects are you studying?Why did you choose that subject?Is there anything that you don’t like about it?What would you like to do in the future?What are the most popular subjects in China?What are your favourite classes/ courses/ subjects at school/ university? Do you think it’s important to choose a subject you like?Focusing on WorkWhat work do you do?Why did you choose to do that type of job?Do you like your job?What do you like best about your job?Do you miss being a student?TravellingDo you like travelling?What is the best place you have been to?When was your last trip?When was the last time you took a taxi?What is the place that left you the deepest impression when traveling?PerfumeDo you use perfume?What kind of perfume do you like?Do you buy others perfume as gifts?What does perfume mean to you?Why do you buy perfume?Weather and SeasonsWhat kind of weather do you like?What’s your favourite season?How’s the weather like in China?Do you like four different seasons or four similar seasons?What type of weather do you prefer for travelling?Do you think your emotions are related to weather?Which is your favourite type of weather?Is weather important to your travels?Do you think the weather in China has changed within the last few years? Do you usually discuss the weather?Do you want to visit a place with different weather?PetsAre there many people keeping pets in China?Have you ever had a pet when you were young?What pet will you keep if you want?Why do people keep pets?CelebrityWho is your favourite movie star?Are international superstars popular in your country? Have you ever met a celebrity/ superstar in real life? Do you want to be a superstar?SmileDo you like to smile?When do people smile at others?Do you smile when people take pictures of you?Can you recognize a fake smile?MathsDo you think mathematics is important?Do you think it's difficult to learn math well?Are girls generally good at math?Do you often use a calculator?Tea or CoffeeDo Chinese people like to drink tea or coffee?Do you prepare tea or coffee for the guests at home? When was the last time you drank tea or coffee?What do you think about tea or coffee?Looking at the SkyDo you like to watch the sky?Do you like the sky during the day or night?Have you been taught anything about stars or planets? What’s your favourite star?Which room can you best see the sky?Where’s the worst place to look at the sky?What’s the best spot to look at the sky?Social NetworkWhy do you use social networking apps?How often do you use social networking applications? Do you think it is good to make friends online?What are the disadvantages of social networking apps?Visiting RelativesDo you often visit your relatives?What do you do when visiting relatives?When was the last time you visited a relative?Why do people visit their relatives?GarbageWhy do some people throw garbage on the street?What do you do with garbage when you are on the street?How do you feel when you see people throw garbage on the street? Do you think your city is clean or not?ReadingHow often do you read?Do you have many books at home?What do you usually read?What is your favourite type of book?Do Chinese people like to read?Do Chinese people do enough reading?SharingDo you have anything to share with others recently?Did your parents teach you to share when you were a child?What kinds of things do you like to share with others?What kinds of things are not suitable for sharing?Borrowing or LendingHave you ever borrowed books from others?Have you ever borrowed money from others?Do you like to lend things to others?How do you feel when people don't return things that they borrowed from you? Is borrowing money okay for you?MailDo you write letters or emails?Do you like to write emails/letters?How often do you receive them?Who do you usually write to? Who do you usually receive it from?Do you prefer receiving phone calls or mail?Do you like to receive mail or phone calls?Do you think it’s diff icult to write letters?MarketDo you often go to the supermarket?What do street markets sell?Are there many street markets in China?What are the differences between street markets and supermarkets?Crowded PlacesWhat places do you think are often crowded?When was the last time you were in a crowed place?How do you feel when you are in crowded places?PhotosDo you like to take photos?Do you prefer to take photos yourself or to have other people take photos? How often do you take photos?In what situations do you take photos? How do you keep your photos?SleepingHow many hours are you asleep every day?Is it necessary to take a nap every day?Do old people sleep a lot? Why?What time do you usually go to bed?Do you always have a good sleep?Do you take naps at noon?Do you like to read before bed?How have your sleeping habits changed since you were young?PatienceWere you patient when you were young?How do you feel when other people are not patient?Were you less or more patient when you were angry?Is it easy to be patient?Is it important to be patient?Public HolidaysHow many public holidays do you have in China?Do you want more holidays?Do you like public holidays?Which holiday do you like most?What do you usually do on public holidays?Would you like more public holidays?HandwritingDo you often write with a pen?Is your handwriting easy to read for other people?Do you like to receive cards with hand-written words?Can we tell someone’s personality from his or her handwriting?What’s the difference of writing with a pen and typing on a computer?OutdoorDo you prefer to be indoors or outdoors?Did you like to go outside when you were young?Did you often go to your friends' house when you were young?Is it important for children to play outdoors?PlanWhat is the hardest part about making plans?What is the latest plan you made?Do you make plans every day?Are you good at managing your time?TransportWhat transport do you like to take when you go travelling?Do you prefer public transport or private transport when you go out?Which did you choose the last time you went out? Why?What advice on transport would you give to the visitors to your country?How can the government encourage people to take the public transport?Daily RoutineWill you change your daily routine in the near future?What is the difference between people’s daily routine in the past and that in the present?Has your daily routine changed? And how?What do you usually do on weekends?MusicDo you like to listen to music?What kinds of music do you like?Have you been to a concert or live performance?What are the differences between listening to live music and from recordings? What kinds of music are popular in China?Is music an important subject at school in China?Part 2考题总结考题总结人类题1. A foreign celebrity you want to meet in person2. Someone who speaks a foreign language well3. Your favourite singer or band4. A person you have seen who is beautiful or handsome5. A person who has interesting ideas or opinions6. An intelligent person you know7. Someone you would like to study or work with8. A person who helps others9. A person who encouraged you to achieve a goal10. An old person who is interesting11. A person you wanted to be similar to when you were growing up12. A child who did something to make you laugh建筑地点题13. A historical building you have been to14. An ideal house15. A park or garden you like to visit.16. A newly built public facility (such as parks, cinemas etc.) that influences your city物件题17. A piece of clothing you enjoy wearing18. An advertisement you remember well19. An item you bought but do not often use20. A kind of food people eat during a special event21. A water sport you would like to try in the future22. Your grandparent’s job23. A practical skill you learned24. A party you enjoyed25. A subject you used to dislike but now have interested in26. Something you took home from a tourist attraction27. A piece of good news you heard form TV or the Internet28. A quiz or game show you watched on TV29. A success your friend has achieved30. A prize you want to win31. An outdoor sport you played for the first time32. Something lost by others but found by you33. A healthy lifestyle you know34. Something you do to help you study or work35. Something you do to stay healthy经验体验题36. A time that you gave advice to others37. A time you solved a problem through the Internet38. An occasion when you got up early39. A time when you invite your friend or family to dinner40. An unusual experience of traveling41. A historical period of time you would like to know42. A time you enjoyed your free time43. An experience that the vehicle you took broke down in your travel44. A time that you went out with your friend and had a good time45. A time that someone didn’t tell you the whole truth about something46. An occasion when you received an incorrect information47. A time you received a horrible service48. A time that you had to change your plan49. A situation when you didn’t h ave enough time50. A time you received a phone call from a stranger in a public place51. A time that you looked for information from the Internet本次考试考题精选范例解析 1. Are there many street markets in your country? Analysis: 这道题看起来是仅仅在问只是数量多少问题，但事实上是可以从过去和现在的对比上作为切入点分析。
2019年托福阅读试题及答案
2019年7月10日托福写作真题预测
2019年7月10日托福写作真题预测1、★★★★★隐藏绝对词Do you agree or disagree with the statement： University students should be required to take basic science classes even if they are not part of the field of the study.2、★★★★★三选一The community you live in is planning on setting up new facilities, which of the following do you think would benefit the community most and why?1.a shopping mall 2.an art center 3.a hotel.3、★★★★★比较类Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：Your job has more effect on your happiness than your living environment.4、★★★★★比较类Do you agree or disagree： the universities should spend more money in improving facilities (libraries, computer labs) than hiring famous teachers.5、★★★★★比较类Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：After high school, students should have at least one year to work or travel. It's better than attending universitystraight away.6、★★★★★三选一Which way do you think is the best for a student to make new friends： A. joining a sports team, B. participating in community activities, C. traveling.7、★★★★★绝对词If your friend did something you don't like things, do you still want to continue the friendship with him?8、★★★★★比较级Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：People who try to acquire more than one skill are more likely to become successful than people who just focus on one skill.9、★★★★★级The best way for a teacher to help students become more interested in a subject is to explain that subject will be useful in their lives outside the school.10、★★★★★级If you are selecting a leader for a student organization, honesty is the most important to consider in deciding whom to vote for.11、★★★★★隐藏绝对词Do you agree or disagree with the statement： The way a person is dressed in is a good indication of his.her personality.12、★★★★★今昔对比Do you agree or disagree with the statement：Nowadays it is not important for people to have regularly family meals together.13、★★★★★比较类Some people like to keep records or experiences by exposing photos on social networking sites. Others do notlike to create such records. Which way do you prefer?14、★★★★★隐藏绝对词Do you agree or disagree with the statement： People often buy products not because they really need them but because other people have them.15、★★★★★比较类Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students who keep their rooms neat and organized will be more likely to succeed than students who do not.。
2019年7月托福真题回忆
2019年7月托福真题回忆学习是一个长期坚持的过程，对于考试而言，每天进步一点点，基础扎实一点点，日积月累，考试就会更容易一点点。
无忧考网搜集整理了2019年7月托福真题回忆，希望对大家有所帮助。
2019年7月举行了4场考试，考试时间为7月6日、7月7日、7月13日、7月28日。
以下内容仅供参考。
7月6日托福阅读真题回忆：Passage1、白垩纪的物种Passage2、cichild 的繁殖交配Passage3、 The Reason of the Explosion of StarfishPassage4、 The Origins of Food ProductionPassage5、Newspaper development in EuropePassage6、松鼠储藏红果子和白果子的原因Passage7、 marsupial 和其他哺乳动物的区别Passage8、 The Medieval Agricultural RevolutionPassage9、 Bird ColoniesPassage10、 Successful InvadersPassage11、 Sensing AirflowPassage12 、地球氧气产生词汇题1.undoubtedly = certainly2.accomplished = achieved3.intermediate = in-between4.reinforce = strengthen5.exercised = applied6.emergence = rise7.tactic = strategy8.thus = consequently9.isolated = widely separated10.distinct = clear11.mutual = shared12.vicinity =region13.contribute to = add to14.exhaust = use up15.on balance = overall16.prolifically = abundantly17.readily = easily18.prior to = before19.intended = desired20.in principle = theoretically21.constraints = limitations22.surely = certainly7月6日托福口语真题回忆：Q1 ： Should students choose their own courses, or should the professors assign the courses to them?Q2：阅读：学校要在官网提供视觉校园导览听力：Agree原因 1：因为有些同学没有时间和钱，或者距离比较远比如国际生，不方便访校；原因 2：对于新生来说，可以利用这个功能熟悉校园。
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2019年7月托福真题回忆学习是一个长期坚持的过程，对于考试而言，每天进步一点点，基础扎实一点点，日积月累，考试就会更容易一点点。
无忧考网搜集整理了2019年7月托福真题回忆，希望对大家有所帮助。
2019年7月举行了4场考试，考试时间为7月6日、7月7日、7月13日、7月28日。
以下内容仅供参考。
7月6日托福阅读真题回忆：Passage1、白垩纪的物种Passage2、cichild 的繁殖交配Passage3、 The Reason of the Explosion of StarfishPassage4、 The Origins of Food ProductionPassage5、Newspaper development in EuropePassage6、松鼠储藏红果子和白果子的原因Passage7、 marsupial 和其他哺乳动物的区别Passage8、 The Medieval Agricultural RevolutionPassage9、 Bird ColoniesPassage10、 Successful InvadersPassage11、 Sensing AirflowPassage12 、地球氧气产生词汇题1.undoubtedly = certainly2.accomplished = achieved3.intermediate = in-between4.reinforce = strengthen5.exercised = applied6.emergence = rise7.tactic = strategy8.thus = consequently9.isolated = widely separated10.distinct = clear11.mutual = shared12.vicinity =region13.contribute to = add to14.exhaust = use up15.on balance = overall16.prolifically = abundantly17.readily = easily18.prior to = before19.intended = desired20.in principle = theoretically21.constraints = limitations22.surely = certainly7月6日托福口语真题回忆：Q1 ： Should students choose their own courses, or should the professors assign the courses to them?Q2：阅读：学校要在官网提供视觉校园导览听力：Agree原因 1：因为有些同学没有时间和钱，或者距离比较远比如国际生，不方便访校；原因 2：对于新生来说，可以利用这个功能熟悉校园。
Q3：术语解释：autoinhibit，有种植物叫 hize。
这种植物的种子非常小和轻，可以随风飘到很多地方发芽，但是他还可以产生一种有毒化学物质阻止别的植物种子发芽，这种植物旁边的种子都长不好Q4：service guarantee 对企业的好处，教授举了自己在网上订酒店的例子观点 1：比同类竞争的获得优势，获得更多顾客；观点 2：可以有 feedback，提升自己的服务7月6日托福写作真题回忆：独立写作智利的一个沙漠发现了很多海洋动物的化石阅读材料：1.板块漂移导致这片区域变成 lagoon 然后全部干掉2.一种致命的病毒把动物全杀光了3.海藻爆发并且还有毒，大鱼吃小鱼毒素累积就全死了听力反驳：1.海底还有矿物要是 lagoon 干了还会有矿物被发现，但是沙漠里没有；2.一种病毒不可能杀死那么多不同种类的海洋动物；3.就算藻类有毒很多吃素的鱼吃了体内毒素也不会杀死他们。
INDEPENDENT 独立写作Do you agree or disagree：For a business to be successful, man must spend a lot of money on advertising.7月6日托福听力真题回忆：C1、学生找老师问 history background of the children literatureC2、女生将要去法国学习，咨询老师学分转移的问题C3、学生和老师聊食物在不同地方的风味演变C4、女生要办一个活动，找视频负责人核对L1、 Roman technique used for water distributionL2、sun structure 里 conota 部分的热量来源L3、shark bay 在 warm 和 cold 的时候，海豚会有不同的行为躲避鲨鱼L4、Greek sculpture7月7日托福写作真题回忆：独立写作政府不该投资艺术家和艺术组织阅读材料：1.不属于政府的正当的职能，政府不需要保证人们有东西可以娱乐；2.艺术作品会被 censor ，艺术作品受到政客的影响，政客会使用作品表达政治倾向对社会不好；3.娱乐产业很赚钱，不需要政府投入。
听力反驳：1.艺术娱乐也是政府职能，比如对国家公园投入加大了人民对政府的满意度；2.艺术和政治是分开的，有专门的组织专家挑选，而不是从政的人员；3.好莱坞电影可以通过 appeal the public to get money, 但是 some art projects related to children 不能 get money。
INDEPENDENT 独立写作Which one of the following values is the most important to share with a young child (ages 5 to 10)? Why?1.Being helpful to others2.Being honest3.Being well-organizedUse specific examples and evidences to support your answer.7月7日托福阅读真题回忆：Passage1. fungi 的灭绝Passage2. 中国兵马俑Passage3. 人类左右脑的发展Passage4. 早期青铜时代的人口减少的原因Passage5. 哪种 fossil 更容易形成以及怎么用做地理判断时代Passage6. 中世纪的 famine 对农业的影响Passage7. underground CO2Passage8. 宋朝中国对日本的影响Passage9. 火星生物词汇题1.nevertheless2.hence3.endeavor4.were accompanied with5.evident6.conventional7.excessive8.capacity9.implication10.nevertheless11.profound7月7日托福口语真题回忆：Q1 ： Should students choose their own courses, or should the professors assign the courses to them?Q2：阅读：学校要在官网提供视觉校园导览听力：Agree原因 1：因为有些同学没有时间和钱，或者距离比较远比如国际生，不方便访校；原因 2：对于新生来说，可以利用这个功能熟悉校园。
Q3：术语解释：autoinhibit，有种植物叫 hize。
这种植物的种子非常小和轻，可以随风飘到很多地方发芽，但是他还可以产生一种有毒化学物质阻止别的植物种子发芽，这种植物旁边的种子都长不好Q4：service guarantee 对企业的好处，教授举了自己在网上订酒店的例子观点 1：比同类竞争的获得优势，获得更多顾客；观点 2：可以有 feedback，提升自己的服务7月7日托福听力真题回忆：C1. 女生想给哥哥拍自己游泳的视频，但是在学校录视频需要得到允许C2. 男生要做一个 paper 需要一些调查，但是网络上的反馈比较少C3. 学生借的参考书有一页被剪掉了，一周后要交 paper，问管理员怎么办C4. 男生想看一本书，但是电脑打不开，寻求帮助C5. 学生和老师讨论 paper 的分数，paper 写跑题了，和教授商量L1. astronomy，讲 computer design and technologyL2. M104L3. 关于艺术欣赏，两组实验L4. 甲烷以及如何解决L5. new computer design 满足人的需求L6. 米开朗琪罗7月13日托福阅读真题回忆：Passage1. 英国殖民美洲Passage2. 美索不达米亚和埃及Passage3. 煤和蒸汽机推动欧洲商业发展Passage4. 美国国家公园Passage5. fish shoalPassage6. 欧洲寒冷时期Passage7. 热带雨林土壤特征Passage8. 中国宋朝商业Passage9. meso 和 egypt 的城邦特征的区别Passage10. 气候变化导致欧洲牧业兴起Passage11. 猫头鹰辨别方位Passage12. 恐龙灭绝原因Passage13. 南美洲历史上的人类社会形成Passage14. 教堂的历史学研究Passage15. 北美移民时间的考古学历史学Passage16. chinamaps 的种田方式探究词汇题1.mainstay = foundation2.ringed = surrounded3.supplement = addition4.appreciate = understand5.insistent = persistent6.respectively = separately7.attributed to = ascribed to8.critical = important9.allowed for = enabled10.successive = subsequent11.hitherto = up until then12.incentive = motivation13.unique = one-of-a kind14.preserve = protect15.designated = identified16.reinforced = strengthened17.chief = main18.stature = height19.predetermined = planned20.presumably = probably21.cluster = gather7月13日托福写作真题回忆：独立写作飞蛾扑火的 possible explanations阅读材料：1.飞蛾有飞向 moon 的本领，为了躲避青蛙等 predator，它总是往上飞也就是 moon 的所在方向；2.飞蛾飞向人造灯或许因为有 heat；3.飞蛾也许误认为人造灯光是食物源 food resource。