高中英语构词法(ppt)详解

形容词后缀 -ous
n. →adj
1.gold golden 2.wood wooden
后缀-en n. →adj.
3.soft soften 4.wide widen 5.strength strengthen 6.length lengthen
动词后缀-en adj./n. →v.
• 1.act active 2. attract attractive • 3.attend (注意） attentive（全神贯注的） • 4.effect effective • 5. expense expensive • 6. protect protective
派生词
• 派生词是由词根加派生词缀（包括前缀和 后缀）构成。
• 词根是派生词的基础，同一词根加不同的 词缀可表示不同的意义或不同的词性。
• 大多数前缀不改变词根的词性，而仅对词 根的意义加以修饰，表示否定、相反、时 间、程度、方位等意义。
• 大多数后缀具有较强的语法作用，它不改 变词根的词意，而是改变了词根的词性。
名词后缀-ment
v. →n.
• 1.discover discovery
• 2.difficult difficulty
• 3.honest honesty
名词后缀-y v./ adj→ n
4.cloud cloudy 6.dust dusty 8.sun sunny 10.sleep sleepy
2.calm calmness
3.ill illness
4.sad sadness
5.sick sickness
• 6.happy hapwk.baidu.cominess
• 7.lonely loneliness
• 8.weak weakness
• 9.careless
carelessness
名词后缀-ness
adj→n.
形容词后缀-ive
v./n. →adj
1.care careless 2.help helpless 3.use useless 4.hope hopeless
形容词后缀-less 表示没有…的 n. →adj.
• 1.agree agreement • 2.develop development • 3.disappoint (使失望） disappointment • 4.excite excitement • 5.govern （统治、治理） government • 6.move movement
11.invent invention
12. educate education
13.protect protection 14. operate operation
15.produce production 16. invite invitation
17.select selection 18. suggest suggestion
• 1. agree disagree 2.appear disappear
• 3. like dislike
4.honest dishonest
前缀un- 和 dis- 表示相反 adj/v.→反义词
• 1.courage encourage • 2. danger endanger • 3.joy enjoy 4. rich enrich
5.craze crazy 7.health healthy 9.wealth wealthy
形容词后缀-y n. → adj
• 1.arrive arrival
名词后缀-al
• 3.culture cultural • 5.nation national • 7.origin original • 8. person personal
前缀
• 1.fair unfair 2. happy unhappy • 3.friendly unfriendly 4. lucky unlucky • 5.important unimportant • 6.necessary unnecessary • 7.healthy unhealthy • 8.pleasant unpleasant • 9.forgettable unforgettable
• 5.perform performance
• 6.confident confidence • 7.independent independence • 8.different difference
名词后缀-ance/-ence v./adj→n.
• 1.bitter (苦的） bitterness
1.admit admission
2.decide decision
3.discuss discussion
名词后缀(-a)tion/(-s)sion v. →n.
• 1.appear appearance
• 2.distant distance
• 3.entre
entrance
• 4.important importance
前缀re- 表示 重新、又、再
后缀
• 1.attend attention 2.appreciate appreciation
• 5.attract attraction 6. celebrate celebration
• 9. devote devotion 10.explore exploration
en- 是一个特殊的前缀，它并 不改变词根的基本词义，而是 引起词性的变化。n./adj→v.
• 1.build rebuild 3.place replace
• 5.write rewrite • 6.call recall
2.create recreate
4.tell
retell
7.move remove
9. season seasonal
2.survive survival
v. →n.
4.music musical 6. nature natural
形容词后缀-al
n. →adj
• 1.danger dangerous 2.fame famous • 3.humor humorous 4.religion religious