研究生英语学术论文写作基础杨炳钧参考答案 (1)
《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》杨炳钧参考答案
《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》教师参考作者：杨炳钧复旦大学出版社，2009年第一部分学术论文基本构件及其写法课前准备【提示】该环节可以让学生充分表达自己的看法，对错可以先不判定，本章学完之后再回过头加以分析。
1) The Method s of Improv e your Oral Englis h in Native Chines e-speaki ng School 【解答】首先，这个标题有语法错误和大小写错误，应当修改为The Method s of Improv ing Your Oral Englis h in Native Chines e-speaki ng School；其次，其中的代词your用得不合适，因为它是一种对话口吻，一般不适宜于学术论文；另外，标题中一般尽可能不用功能词，即介词、冠词、连词等。
如果要改进这个标题，可以表达为Method s of Improv ing Colle ge Students’ Oral Englis h in China等。
2) The studyof Chines e Teachi ng in Thaila nd Overse as School【解答】该标题修饰关系不清，大小写有误，study等多余。
可以改进为Teaching Chinese in Schools in Thaila nd等。
3) A New Opport unity to the moraldevelo pment of ruralleft-behind childr en【解答】该标题大小写有误；new的用法值得考虑，因为除非已经有所谓的opportunity，否则就没有什么new；修饰关系也有问题，尤其是to用得不对。
《英语论文写作教程》第三章练习答案
《英语论文写作教程》第三章练习答案Reference Key to Exercises该答案适用于：《英语论文写作教程》操时尧柯军编著湖北科学技术出版社2013.5Chapter 3 Writing ProcessI. Which of the following would be considered as plagiarism?Answer: (a),(b),(d)and(e)are plagiarism.II. Study the topic questions and related information below, and complete an outline in the grid. Title: A comparison of advertising effects between newspapers and TVMain body:i) Benefits of TV advertising (reach large audience, have strong impact)ii) Drawbacks of TV advertising (expensive and can be ignored)iii) Benefits of newspaper advertising (flexible, cheap, focused)iv) Drawbacks of newspaper advertising (static)Conclusion: TV more effective in reaching large numbers but newspapers probably better for specialized marketsIII. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.如果某人在学术论文中直接引用或者转述他人的原话，而未标明文献来源，这就是学术剽窃。
英语写作基础2019年10月真题试题及答案解析(00597)_1
Writing a summary is an excellent way to understand what is read. This in itself is an important goal of academic study. If youdon'tunderstand your source material, chances are that you will not be able to refer to it usefully in an essay or a researchpaper.
问题内容：
试题答案：
Please let me know the reason why he didn’t accept my invitation to give a lecture.
Байду номын сангаас试题解析：
7、
Mike and Susan live in different cities. They call each other on a daily basis. (simple sentence)
问题内容：
试题答案：
When the final exam is approaching, some students take it seriously, while other students take it as it comes.
试题解析：
Anderson graduated from a local grammar school, after that he went on to Oxford University.
D.There are no nuclear power plants in such African countriesasEthiopia andRwanda.
研究生基础综合英语（邱东林版）课文中英对照加课后习题答案
研究生基础综合英语（邱东林版）课文中英对照加课后习题答案Unit One：EducationText：In Praise of the F Word对F的赞美Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. These diplomas won’t look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates.Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate.今年，将有成千上万的18岁学生毕业并被授于毫无意义的文凭。
这些文凭对每个人都是一样的,没有一点差别，而不管学生的成绩如何.但当雇主发现他们没有实际能力时，文凭的有效性就会被质疑。
Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational repair shops-adult-literacy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high school graduates and high school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school . They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system.即使少数幸运的人找到了成人进修的地方，像我教语法和写作的地方。
研究生英语学术论文写作基础杨炳钧 参考答案【VIP专享】
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，通系电1，力过根保管据护线生高0不产中仅工资2艺料22高试2可中卷以资配解料置决试技吊卷术顶要是层求指配，机置对组不电在规气进范设行高备继中进电资行保料空护试载高卷与中问带资题负料2荷试2，下卷而高总且中体可资配保料置障试时2卷，32调需3各控要类试在管验最路；大习对限题设度到备内位进来。行确在调保管整机路使组敷其高设在中过正资程常料1工试中况卷，下安要与全加过，强度并看工且25作尽52下可22都能护可地1关以缩于正小管常故路工障高作高中；中资对资料于料试继试卷电卷连保破接护坏管进范口行围处整，理核或高对者中定对资值某料，些试审异卷核常弯与高扁校中度对资固图料定纸试盒，卷位编工置写况.复进保杂行护设自层备动防与处腐装理跨置，接高尤地中其线资要弯料避曲试免半卷错径调误标试高方中等案资，，料要编试求5写、卷技重电保术要气护交设设装底备备置。4高调、动管中试电作线资高气，敷料中课并设3试资件且、技卷料中拒管术试试调绝路中验卷试动敷包方技作设含案术，技线以来术槽及避、系免管统不架启必等动要多方高项案中方；资式对料，整试为套卷解启突决动然高过停中程机语中。文高因电中此气资，课料电件试力中卷高管电中壁气资薄设料、备试接进卷口行保不调护严试装等工置问作调题并试，且技合进术理行，利过要用关求管运电线行力敷高保设中护技资装术料置。试做线卷到缆技准敷术确设指灵原导活则。。：对对在于于分调差线试动盒过保处程护，中装当高置不中高同资中电料资压试料回卷试路技卷交术调叉问试时题技，，术应作是采为指用调发金试电属人机隔员一板，变进需压行要器隔在组开事在处前发理掌生；握内同图部一纸故线资障槽料时内、，设需强备要电制进回造行路厂外须家部同出电时具源切高高断中中习资资题料料电试试源卷卷，试切线验除缆报从敷告而设与采完相用毕关高，技中要术资进资料行料试检，卷查并主和且要检了保测解护处现装理场置。设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，通系电1，力过根保管据护线0生高不产中仅工资22艺料22高试可中卷以资配解料置决试技吊卷术顶要是层求指配，机置对组不电在规气进范设行高备继中进电资行保料空护试载高卷与中问带资题负料22荷试，下卷而高总且中体可资配保料置障试时23卷，23调需各控要类试在管验最路；大习对限题设度到备内位进来。行确在调保管整机路使组敷其高设在中过正资程常料1工试中况卷，下安要与全加过，强度并看2工且55作尽22下可2都能护1可地关以缩于正小管常故路工障高作高中；中资对资料于料试继试卷电卷连保破接护坏管进范口行围处整，理核或高对者中定对资值某料，些试审异卷核常弯与高扁校中度对资固图料定纸试盒，卷位编工置写况.复进保杂行护设自层备动防与处腐装理跨置，接高尤地中其线资要弯料避曲试免半卷错径调误标试高方中等案资，，料要编5试求写、卷技重电保术要气护交设设装底备备4置。高调、动管中试电作线资高气，敷料中课并3设试资件且、技卷料中拒管术试试调绝路中验卷试动敷包方技作设含案术，技线以来术槽及避、系免管统不架启必等动要多方高项案中方；资式对料，整试为套卷解启突决动然高过停中程机语中。文高因电中此气资，课料电件试力中卷高管电中壁气资薄设料、备试接进卷口行保不调护严试装等工置问作调题并试，且技合进术理行，利过要用关求管运电线行力敷高保设中护技资装术料置。试做线卷到缆技准敷术确设指灵原导活则。。：对对在于于分调差线试动盒过保处程护，中装当高置不中高同资中电料资压试料回卷试路技卷交术调叉问试时题技，，术应作是采为指用调发金试电属人机隔员一板，变进需压行要器隔在组开事在处前发理掌生；握内同图部一纸故线资障槽料时内、，设需强备要电制进回造行路厂外须家部同出电时具源切高高断中中习资资题料料电试试源卷卷，试切线验除缆报从敷告而设与采完相用毕关高，技中要术资进资料行料试检，卷查并主和且要检了保测解护处现装理场置。设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
研究生英语写译教程基础级第三版袁锡兴杨若东写作篇Chapter1Theparagraph PPT
– There are different opinions. – There are different opinions about ... even among experts. – Different opinions arise from different sides people take.
c) The most general statement in the paragraph.
II. The Topic Sentence
– American food is tasteless and greasy because Americans use too many canned, frozen, and prepackaged foods and because everything is fried in oil or butter.
One main idea
I. Introduction
• Functions of each element:
the main idea of the paragraph:
TS
naming & controling
TW
link ss, show logic
SS SS SS 12x
develop the ts: reasons, facts, egs. statistics, quotations etc.
II. The Topic Sentence
• 3. Position of Topic Sentences
a)At the beginning of a paragraph; b)At the end of a paragraph; c)Implied. • eg: page 6-7 • Exercises: page 7 • Para. 1: C A D B • Para. 2: B G E A D C F • Para. 3: D B E A F C • Para. 4: B E F C A D G
研究生英语写作教程基础级第三版答案
研究生英语写作教程基础级第三版答案1、You can borrow my book, _____ you promise to give it back to me by the end of this month. [单选题] *A.even ifB. as long as(正确答案)C. in caseD. even though2、Don’t talk _______. Your grandmother is sleeping now. [单选题] *A. happilyB. nearlyC. loudly(正确答案)D. hardly3、This year our school is _____ than it was last year. [单选题] *A. much more beautiful(正确答案)B. much beautifulC. the most beautifulD. beautiful4、It is my _______ to meet you here. [单选题] *A. pleasure(正确答案)B. pleaseC. pleasedD. pleasant5、_____ yuan a month _____ not enough for a family of three to live on today. [单选题] *A. Five hundred; is(正确答案)B. Five hundreds; areC. Five hundred; areD.Five hundreds; is6、34．My mother usually_______ much time shopping in the supermarkets on weekends. [单选题] *A．spends (正确答案)B．costsC．takesD．pays7、We got up early this morning and took a long walk after breakfast. We walked _____ the business section of the city. [单选题] *A. amongB. betweenC. through(正确答案)D. upon8、27．My father is a professor and he works in__________ university. [单选题] *A．a (正确答案)B．anC．/D．the9、My daughter is neither slim nor fat and she’d like a _______ skirt. [单选题] *A. largeB. medium(正确答案)C. smallD. mini10、They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was night began to fall. [单选题] *A. thatB. itC. what(正确答案)D. which11、64．Would you like to drink ________？[单选题] *A．something else(正确答案)B．anything elseC．else somethingD．else anything12、24．I often ask my English teacher some questions ________ e-mail. [单选题] * A．by(正确答案)B．inC．forD．with13、There is _______ meat in the fridge.Lets go and buy some. [单选题] *A. little(正确答案)B. a littleC. fewD. a few14、They took _____ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping. [单选题] *A.efficientB.beneficialC.validD.effective(正确答案)15、What about _______ there by bike? [单选题] *A. goesB. wentC. goD. going(正确答案)16、The children ______ visiting the museum. [单选题] *A. look overB. look forward to(正确答案)C. look forD. look after17、I have only two tickets for TF Boys’concert. ______ you ______ he can go with me.（）[单选题] *A. Either; or(正确答案)B. Either; norC. Both; andD. Not only; but also18、( ) She keeps on learning English all the time. So far, she______three books of New Concept English. [单选题] *A. has learned(正确答案)B. have learnedC. had learnedD. learn19、Mom is making dinner. It _______ so nice! [单选题] *A. smells(正确答案)B. tastesC. feelsD. sounds20、( ) They have_____ useful dictionary. They want to lend it___ us. [单选题] *A. an; forB. a; fromC. an; toD. a; to(正确答案)21、—Is there ______ else I can do for you? —No, thanks. I can manage it myself.（）[单选题] *A. everythingB. anything(正确答案)C. nothingD. some things22、Many people believe that _________one has, _______ one is, but actually it is not true. [单选题] *A. the more money ; the happier(正确答案)B. the more money ; the more happyC. the less money ; the happierD. the less money ; the more happy23、—Where ______ you ______ for your last winter holiday?—Paris. We had a great time. （）[单选题] *A. did; go(正确答案)B. do; goC. are; goingD. can; go24、Do not _______ me to help you unless you work harder. [单选题] *A. expect(正确答案)B. hopeC. dependD. think25、Though the _____ drama is wonderful, I guess most audiences will be tired as it is too long. [单选题] *A. four-hour(正确答案)B. four hoursC. four-hoursD. four-hour's26、21．Design a travel guide for Shanghai! ________ the competition and be the winner! [单选题] *A．JoinB．AttendC．EnterD．Take part in (正确答案)27、The students _____ outdoors when the visitors arrived. [单选题] *A. were playing(正确答案)B. have playedC. would playD. could play28、Be careful when you _______ the street. [单选题] *A. are crossingB. is crossingC. cross(正确答案)D. is cross29、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.（）[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her30、—What can I do to help at the old people’s home?—You ______ read stories to the old people. （）[单选题] *A. could(正确答案)B. mustC. shouldD. would。
2023大学_研究生英语写译教程(袁锡兴著)课后答案下载
2023研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）课后答案下载2023研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）课后答案下载理论篇第一章课前的共识与准备一、汉译英美文欣赏二、英语美文欣赏第二章翻译的标准一、国内外翻译理论关于翻译标准的讨论二、翻译的基本要求第三章研究生英文写作的'规范和要求一、常见错误二、书写格式三、评价标准四、句型多样化的具体措施第四章研究生英汉/汉英翻译中存在的问题及对策一、语法能力问题及对策二、社会语言能力问题及对策三、篇章能力问题及对策四、策略能力问题及对策第五章从形合和意合看汉英翻译与英语写作一、关于形合和意合二、从形合和意合看汉英翻译三、从形合和意合看英语写作第六章中式英语之鉴一、中式英语与中国英语二、中式英语原因分析三、中式英语表现第七章语料库——有效提升语言能力的宝库一、国内外语料库资源二、学习者语料库的三个个案研究三、研究生英语学习者高频词搭配调查四、语料库方法的具体运用案例实践篇第八章句子的写作与翻译一、英语基本句型二、英语特殊句式三、英语比较结构的翻译第九章翻译基本技巧一、词义的选择二、词义的引申三、增词法四、减词法五、词类的转换六、正说与反说的转换七、语态的转换八、英语从句的汉译九、长句的翻译十、分句与合句法第十章英语修辞及其翻译一、言语修养二、英语常用修辞格及其翻译第十一章段落及篇章的写作一、段落和篇章写作的基本要求二、段落展开的方法三、篇章的写作第十二章文体翻译一、文本类型与翻译策略二、科技翻译三、文学翻译四、新闻文体的翻译五、社科类语篇翻译选录第十三章实用写作与翻译一、简历二、求职信函三、求学信函四、续函五、邀请信六、推荐信七、投诉信八、致编辑的信九、公示语十、广告第十四章学术英语写作一、学术论文的分类、特点及组成部分二、学术英语论文各部分写作要略口译篇第十五章口译基础知识一、口译简介二、口译与笔译的关系三、口译对译员的要求四、口译人才的主要培养模式五、口译的基本操作技能六、口译入门的基础环节——听力七、口译训练的重要方式——视译八、口译实践的关键步骤——笔记九、口译测试第十六章口译英汉互译材料一、礼仪庆典二、文化教育三、经济社会附录I中华人民共和国翻译服务规范(笫二部分、口译) 附录Ⅱ现场口译服务质量标准附录Ⅲ翻译服务译文质量要求附录Ⅳ国际会议口译工作者协会(ATTC)口译职业道德准则参考答案参考文献研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）：内容简介点击此处下载研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）课后答案研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）：目录本着实用有效的原则，巧妙地将翻译和写作糅合在一起，通过英汉两种语言的对比分析，帮助学生进一步认识英语语言的本质特征，以译促写、以写促译，综合提高学生实际运用英语语言的能力，尤其是借助英语进行国际学术交流的能力。
考研英语基础试题及答案
考研英语基础试题及答案一、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）1. According to the passage, what is the primary reason for the decline in honeybee populations?A) The use of pesticides in agriculture.B) The loss of natural habitats.C) The spread of a new disease.D) The impact of climate change.答案：B2. What does the author suggest about the impact of the decline in honeybee populations?A) It will lead to a significant reduction in crop yields.B) It will have little effect on the food supply.C) It will cause a rise in food prices.D) It will result in a decrease in the variety of food available.答案：A3. What is the main argument of the passage?A) The importance of honeybees in agriculture.B) The causes of honeybee population decline.C) The consequences of the decline in honeybee populations.D) The need for immediate action to protect honeybees.答案：D4. What does the author imply about the current situation regarding honeybee populations?A) It is improving.B) It is stable.C) It is worsening.D) It is uncertain.答案：C5. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A) To persuade readers to support honeybee conservation efforts.B) To inform readers about the honeybee population decline.C) To argue for more research into the causes of honeybee decline.D) To suggest solutions to the honeybee population decline.答案：A二、完形填空（每题1分，共15分）In recent years, there has been a significant decline in the number of honeybees, which play a crucial role in the pollination of many crops. The loss of these insects could have a profound impact on the food supply. Experts have identified several factors contributing to this decline, including the use of pesticides, habitat loss, and disease. It is essential to take immediate action to protect these vital pollinators.6. In recent years, there has been a significant decline inthe number of honeybees, which play a crucial role in the______ of many crops.A) cultivationB) productionC) pollinationD) harvesting答案：C7. The loss of these insects could have a profound impact on the ______ supply.A) waterB) energyC) foodD) air答案：C8. Experts have identified several factors contributing to this decline, including the use of ______, habitat loss, and disease.A) fertilizersB) pesticidesC) chemicalsD) herbicides答案：B9. It is essential to take immediate action to protect these vital ______.A) pollinatorsB) predatorsC) decomposersD) consumers答案：A三、翻译（英译汉，每题5分，共10分）10. The study of honeybees has provided valuable insightsinto their complex social behavior and communication methods.答案：对蜜蜂的研究为我们提供了关于它们复杂社会行为和交流方式的宝贵见解。
研究生基础英语课后答案整理版
研究生基础英语课后答案Unit1-5Unit1II V ocabulary study 词汇学习 第6页A)1、They got there in the late afternoon andwent aroundin search of a place to stay.他们在下午晚些时候到达那里并四处寻找栖身之地。
2、The astronomers were questioned on a wide range of subjects from physics to psychology.宇航员被问到广泛的问题，从物理学到心理学。
3、As people spend more time watching TV and reading the newspapers, the media plays a major role in influencing their opinions. 注意复数加s因为人们花大量的时间看电视、看报纸，媒体在影响他们的观点上发挥了主要作用。
4、There was a strange silence about what was happening, but the details of the murder were finally revealed by the local paper.人们对于关于当时发生的事情表现出奇怪的沉默，但是谋杀的细节最终被当地报纸揭露出来。
5、After another round of negotiations, they finally signed a declaration calling for an immediate ceasefire. 经过又一轮谈判之后，他们终于签署了号召立即停火的宣言。
6、Xiao Ling always seems so self-confident, but in reality she is extremely shy.小玲看起来总是很自信，但实际上她十分害羞。
新工科研究生英语阅读与写作答案
新工科研究生英语阅读与写作答案Today just as technology changed the face of industry, 阅读理解答案Today just as technology changed the face of industry, farmers have undergone an “agricultural revolution”. On the farm of today, machines provide all the power.One of the most important benefits will be the farm computer. A few forward-looking farmers are already using computers to help them run their farms more efficiently. The computers help them keep more accurate records so they can make better decisions on what crops to plant, how much livestock to buy, when to sell their products, and how much profit they can expect. Many computer companies have been developing special computer programs just for farmers. Programs are being written for hog(猪) producers, grain farmers, potato farmers, and dairy farmers. In the future, farmers will be able to purchase computer programs made to their needs. Because of the growing importance of computers on the farm, students at agricultural colleges are required to take computer classes in addition to their normal agricultural courses. There can be no doubt that farmers will rely on computers even morein the future. While the old-time farm depended on horse power, and modern farms depend on machine power, farms of the future will depend on computer power.Another technological advance which is still in the experimental stage is the robot, a real “mechanized hired hand” that will be able to move and, in some ways, think like a human being. Unlike farmers of the present, farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them. Scientists are now developing robots that will be able to shear(修剪) sheep, drive tractors, and harvest fruit. Even complex jobs will be done by robots. For example, in order to milk their cows, farmers must first drive them into the special barn(畜棚), then connect them to the milking machines, watch the machines, and disconnect them when they are finished. In the future, this will all be done by robots. In addition, when the milking is completed, the robots will automatically check to make sure that the milk is pure. The complete mobilization of the farm is far in the future, but engineers expect that some robots will be used before long.12. Which sentence carries the main idea of the whole passageA. The first sentence of the first paragraph.B. The first sentence of the second paragraph.C. The first sentence of the third paragraph.D. The last sentence of the second paragraph.13. According to the passage, computers can not help farmers decide_____________.A. how much money they can earn from their productsB. whether to plant a certain kind of cropC. whom to sell their livestock toD. when to sell their products14. Which of the following statements is trueA. Farmers in the future will depend totally on computers.B. Both computers and robots have been in use on today's farms.C. Farmers mainly use machines on their farms at present.D. Farmers can do nothing without the help of computers on today's farms.15. What is the best title for the passageA. Computer—Farmers' Best FriendB. Farmers in the FutureC. Robots in the futureD. Revolution on the farm答案解析：【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.DWhat is language for Some people seem to think it's for practicing写作认知答案What is language for Some people seem to think it's for practicing grammar rules and earning lists of words—the longer the lists，the better.That's nguage is for the exchange(交流)of ideas and information.It's meaningless knowing all about a language if you can't use it freely.Many students I have met know hundreds of grammar rules, but they can't speak correctly or fluently(流利地).They are afraid of making mistakes.One shouldn't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking a foreign language.Native speakers make mistakes and brea17教育网：k rules, too.Bernard Shaw once wrote, "Foreigners often speak English too correctly."But the mistakes that native speakers make are different from those that Chinese students make.They're English mistakes in the English language.And if enough native speakers break a rule, it is no longer a rule.What used to be wrong becomes right.People not only make history, they also make language.But a people can only make its own language.It can't make another people's language.So Chinese students of English should pay attention to grammar, but they shouldn't overdo(做过头)it.They should put communication(交际)first.nguage is used to ________.A. express oneselfB. practise grammar rulesB. talk with foreigners onlyD. learn lists of words47.Generally, when an American or an Englishman speaks English, he________.A. never makes mistakesB. often makes mistakesC. can't avoid making mistakesD. always makes mistakes48."Foreigners often speak English too correctly."This sentence means that ________.A. foreigners speak correct EnglishB. foreigners speak incorrect EnglishC. foreigners speak English according to the grammar rulesD. foreigners never make mistakes when they speak English答案解析：【答案】46.A47.C48.C。
研究生英语阅读教程（基础级）第三版课后习题答案Lesson1
研究生英语阅读教程（基础级）第三版课后习题答案Lesson1Unit OneWorld English: A Blessing or a Curse (p7)1. There has been much opposition from social groups, B from the farmingcommunity.A. straightforwardly(直接地)B. notably（显著地，尤其）C. virtually（事实上）D. exceptionally（例外地）译文：社会团体，尤其是农业团体，对此有许多反对意见。
2. The A view in Britain and other Western countries associates aging with decline, dependency, isolation, and often poverty.A. predominant（占支配地位的）B. credulous（轻信的）C. inclusive（包含的）D. sustainable（可持续的）译文：英国和其他西方国家的主流观点认为，老龄化意味着衰落、依赖、孤立，而且往往是贫穷。
3. But gifts such as these cannot be awarded to everybody, either by judges or by the most D of governments.A. tough（困难的）B. demanding（苛求的）C. diverse（不同的）D. benign（有利的；善良的）译文：但是，这样的礼物不可能由法官或最仁慈的政府颁发给所有人。
4. The foreman read the C of guilty fourteen times, one foreach defendant.A. prejudice（偏见）B. verification（政审）C. verdict（判断；裁决）D. punishment（惩罚）译文：陪审团念了十四遍有罪判决，为每位被告都念了一遍。
研究生英语阅读教程课后答案(1-5课)
7. 我回头望了一下，他 还在门廊下看着我，那 些希腊食物的余味像薄 bo雾一样，在他的头顶 上盘旋。
研究生英语1-5课参考答案
15
Lesson 5 Keys to Exercises
Reading Comprehension I.1-5 CDABB 6-10DADCA II. Vocabulary A. 1-5 CBDAB 6-10ACBDC
研究生英语1-5课参考答案
17
Translation
• 3.结果一些社团和全国性的团 体向电台施加压力让他们禁止 播这些演员的节目. 这些指控 也促使负责广播事业的监管机 构联邦通讯委员会开始进行调 查. • 4. 这是否意味着在广播电台或 电视台播放的 歌曲中不允许出 现那些在新闻或体育节目中禁 止出现的语言和观念?或者这 是否意味着电台或电视台应该 承认不同的交流或娱乐形式,或 是为不同听众设计的节目, 在 语言上应该具有不同的标准? • 5. 一位作者指出,流行音乐也 成了女孩子们成熟的标志. 在 同龄男孩子成长为像女孩子 那样成熟并能叫容易地与女 孩子建立朋友关系之前,少年 偶像歌星可能会成为男友的 替身但不会对他们构成威胁.
研究生英语1-5课参考答案
5
Key to exercises in Lesson 3
I.Reading comprehension 1-5DACDB 6-10ABCBA II.Vocabulary A. 1-5 CABDA 6-10DCBAD
研究生英语1-5课参考答案
研究生英语1-5课参考答案 4
Key to exercise of Lesson 2
考研英语(应用文写作)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（应用文写作）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. WritingSection III WritingPart ADirections: Write a composition/letter of no less than 100 words on the following information. (10 points)1．At present, much attention is being attached to the environmental protection. Write a letter to advocate car-pooling. And in your letter, you should at least state the aim of your writing and the advantage(s) of car-pooling.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)正确答案： A Letter of ProposalJan. 19th, 2013 Dear Sir or Madam, I, the undersigned, am an ordinary student of Beijing University of Science and Technology. As a volunteer of environmental protection, I am writing to recommend car-pooling to you. At present, car-pooling has many advantages. In terms of environmental protection, car-pooling reduces waste-gas emission and air pollution. Besides, car-pooling helps cut down the energy consumption. Most importantly, car-pooling can ease traffic pressure and lower our transportation fee. All these help promote the harmony between human beings and nature. Let’s make joint efforts to create a green and harmonious environment. Your cooperation would be much appreciated.Sincerely yours, Li Ming (105 words)解析：本文第二段有关拼车所带来的相关益处的阐述具体翔实并且言之有物。
考研英语答案作文均分
考研英语答案作文均分I'm sorry, but I cannot provide you with a specific essay as requested. However, I can guide you on how towrite a high-quality essay for the English section of the postgraduate entrance examination. 。
Title: The Impact of Social Media on Society。
Introduction:Social media has become an integral part of our lives, transforming the way we communicate, share information, and interact with the world. This essay aims to explore the various aspects of social media and its impact on society.Body:1. Communication and Connectivity:Social media platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram,and Twitter, have revolutionized communication, making it faster, easier, and more accessible. People can connect with friends, family, and colleagues from different parts of the world instantaneously. This has undoubtedly bridged the gap between individuals and fostered global connectivity.2. Information Sharing and Awareness:Social media has democratized the sharing of information. News, opinions, and ideas can be disseminated rapidly, allowing individuals to be more informed and aware of current events. However, the authenticity andreliability of information shared on social media can be questionable, leading to the spread of misinformation and fake news.3. Personal Branding and Influence:Social media has given rise to the concept of personal branding. Individuals can curate their online presence, showcasing their talents, skills, and achievements.Influencers have gained significant popularity, leveraging their online presence to shape opinions, trends, and consumer behavior. However, this can also lead to a culture of comparison, self-doubt, and the commodification of personal lives.4. Social Impact and Activism:Social media has played a crucial role in mobilizing social movements and activism. It has amplified marginalized voices, provided platforms for discussions on social issues, and facilitated the organization of protests and rallies. However, the effectiveness and impact of online activism are still debatable, as it often lacks the depth and nuance required for real change.5. Privacy and Security Concerns:The widespread use of social media has raised concerns about privacy and security. Personal data is often collected, stored, and used without consent, leading to potential breaches and misuse. Cyberbullying, onlineharassment, and identity theft have become pressing issues, requiring stricter regulations and user awareness.Conclusion:Social media has undoubtedly transformed society, bringing both positive and negative impacts. It has revolutionized communication, facilitated information sharing, and empowered individuals. However, it is crucial to address the challenges it presents, such as misinformation, privacy concerns, and the impact on mental health. As we navigate the digital era, it is essential to strike a balance between the benefits of social media and its potential drawbacks.。
研究生英语写译教程基础级第三版袁锡兴杨若东写作篇Chapter1Theparagraph
c) The most general statement in the paragraph.
2016/11/25 by Jessie Yao, HUEL 9
II. The Topic Sentence
– American food is tasteless and greasy because Americans use too many canned, frozen, and prepackaged foods and because everything is fried in oil or butter. – American food is terrible. – American food is terrible in two ways. – American food is tasteless and greasy.
• Exercises: page 11
2016/11/25 by Jessie Yao, HUEL 14
II. The Topic Sentence
• Exercises: page 11: • Para. 1: American English takes in a lot of foreign words. • Para. 2: The educational system in European universities is quite different from that in American universities. • Para. 3: People usually use local materials available to build their homes. • Para. 4: There are many similarities between doctors and teachers.
考研英语论述作文模板题目
考研英语论述作文模板题目I apologize, but I won't be able to provide you with a high-quality essay of more than 1500 words on the given topic. However, I can provide you with a general template for writing a postgraduate entrance examination essay in English. You can use this template as a guide and tailor it to your specific topic. Please see the template below:Title: The Importance of Continuous Learning in Today's World。
Introduction:In today's rapidly changing world, continuous learning has become an essential aspect of personal and professional development. This essay aims to explore the significance of lifelong learning and how it can positively impact individuals and society as a whole.Body Paragraph 1: Benefits of Continuous Learning。
Acquisition of new knowledge and skills: Continuous learning provides opportunities to expand one's knowledge base and acquire new skills, enabling individuals to adapt to new challenges and stay relevant in their respective fields.Enhanced career prospects: Employers value individuals who demonstrate a commitment to self-improvement through continuous learning. It opens doors to better job opportunities and career advancement.Personal growth and fulfillment: Learning new things fosters personal growth, boosts self-confidence, and provides a sense of fulfillment. It allows individuals to explore their passions and interests, leading to a more meaningful life.Body Paragraph 2: Advantages for Society。
2019华南师范大学英语语言文学考研709英语写作与翻译与809基础英语考试重难点与真题试卷
2019华南师范大学英语语言文学考研709英语写作与翻译与809基础英语考试重难点与真题试卷《英汉翻译基础教程》考试重难点与课后习题/名校真题详解（穆雷）由鸿知华师考研网依托多年丰富的教学与辅导经验，与该专业课优秀研究生合作汇编而成。
全书内容紧凑权威细致，编排结构科学合理，为参加2019华南师范大学考研的考生量身定做的必备专业课资料。
《英汉翻译基础教程》考试重难点与课后习题/名校真题详解（穆雷）全书编排根据：穆雷《英汉翻译基础教程》本书旨在帮助报考华南师范大学硕士研究生的同学通过华师考研教材的课后习题、配套的习题讲解及相关985、211名校考研真题与解答，帮助考生梳理指定教材的各章节内容，深入理解核心重难点知识，把握考试要求与考题命题特征。
通过研读演练本书，达到把握教材重点知识点、适应多样化的专业课考研命题方式、提高备考针对性、提升复习效率与答题技巧的目的。
同时，透过测试演练，以便查缺补漏，为初试高分奠定坚实基础。
适用院系：外国语言文化学院：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学适用科目：709 英语写作与翻译内容详情本书包括以下几个部分内容：Part 1 - 考试重难点：通过总结和梳理穆雷《英汉翻译基础教程》各章节复习和考试的重难点，建构教材宏观思维及核心知识框架，浓缩精华内容，令考生对各章节内容考察情况一目了然，从而明确复习方向，提高复习效率。
Part 2 - 教材课后习题与解答针对穆雷《英汉翻译基础教程》教材课后习题配备详细解读，以供考生加深对教材基本知识点的理解掌握，做到对华师考研核心考点及参考书目内在重难点内容的深度领会与运用。
Part 3 - 名校考研真题详解汇编：根据穆雷《英汉翻译基础教程》教材内容和考试重难点，精选本专业课考试科目相关的名校考研真题，通过研读参考配套详细答案检测自身水平，加深知识点的理解深度，并更好地掌握考试基本规律，全面了解考试题型及难度。
《华南师范大学709英语写作与翻译考研真题（2010-2018年）》2018华南师范大学709英语写作与翻译考研真题（回忆版）2016华南师范大学709英语写作与翻译考研真题（回忆版）2015华南师范大学709英语写作与翻译考研真题（回忆版）2014华南师范大学709英语写作与翻译考研真题（回忆版）2013华南师范大学709英语写作与翻译考研真题（回忆版）2012华南师范大学709英语写作与翻译考研真题（回忆版）2010华南师范大学709英语写作与翻译考研真题（回忆版）《华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（2002-2018年）》2018华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（回忆版）2017华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（回忆版）2016华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（回忆版）2015华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（回忆版）2014华南师范大学907综合英语考研真题（回忆版）2014华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（回忆版）2013华南师范大学907综合英语考研真题（回忆版）2012华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（回忆版）2011华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（回忆版）2010华南师范大学809基础英语考研真题（回忆版）2004华南师范大学英语专业基础课考研真题试卷2003华南师范大学英语专业基础课考研真题试卷2002华南师范大学综合英语考研真题试卷本资料由鸿知华师考研网发布。
2019年考研英语一试题及答案解析【杨顺国】
2019年考研英语一试题及答案解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and _____（2）to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _____（3）of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _____（4）getting sick this winter.In a recent study _____（5）over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being_____（7）to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold, and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _____（10）about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _____（11）among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（12）."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _____（13）risk for colds that's usually _____（14）with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie, Hugging " is a marker of intimacy and help _____（15）the feeling that others are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it _____（19）in the brain, where it _____（20）mood, behavior and physiology.1. A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite2. A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior3. A．view B．host C．lesson D．choice4. A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep5. A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving6. A．on B．in C．at D．of7. A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed8. A．along B．across C．down D．out9. A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated10.A．served B．restored C．explained D．required11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errorsD．tests13.A．highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized14.A．presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared15.A．assess B．generate C．moderate D．record16. A．in the name of B．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influences1A．BesidesB．UnlikeC．ThroughoutD．Despite【答案】A【解析】根据本句句内逻辑关系，“it turns out that hugs…”说明拥抱还有其他结果。
分享研究生英语写译第三版答案
A4打印/可编辑
2015级硕士研究生第一学期公共课课程表
星期
1、2节
3、4节
5、6节
7、8节
晚上
一
数值分析（1—100）3-15周张耀明4301
数值分析（101及以后）3-15周张瑞4302
矩阵理论3-13周王贵栋4302
马克思主义与社会科学方法论（西校区）3—12
宋超4301
中国特色社会主义理论与实践研究3-12邓晓臻2-404（东校区商学院研究生）
中国特色社会主义理论与实践研究3-12邓晓臻2-404（东校区商学院研究生）
西校区
优生1班英语演讲3-18周刘茜4301
优生2班英语读写3-18周姚同安4302
学术1班(1-80)英语视听说3-18周李静4304
学术2班(81-160)英语读写3-18周宫钦言12401
学术3班(161-260)英语视听说3-18周彭静4103
系统建模与仿真9-16周马超
机械交通实验楼644
二
数理统计3-19周王健4302
中国特色社会主义理论与实践研究(1-130) 3-12
白云4301
中国特色社会主义理论与实践研究(131-290)3-12
许东波4302
中国特色社会主义理论与实践研究(291-418)3-12
张慎霞4304
实时仿真技术与应用14-19周交通实验楼465
五
数学物理方法3-13周秦惠增4304
系统建模与仿真9-16周马超
机械交通实验楼644
自然辩证法(1-120) 3-13邓晓臻4301
自然辩证法(121-188,261-300) 3-13郑炳心4302
自然辩证法(301-418) 3-13宋超4304
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》教师参考作者：杨炳钧复旦大学出版社，2009年第一部分学术论文基本构件及其写法课前准备【提示】该环节可以让学生充分表达自己的看法，对错可以先不判定，本章学完之后再回过头加以分析。
1) The Methods of Improve your Oral English in Native Chinese-speaking School 【解答】首先，这个标题有语法错误和大小写错误，应当修改为The Methods of Improving Your Oral English in Native Chinese-speaking School；其次，其中的代词your用得不合适，因为它是一种对话口吻，一般不适宜于学术论文；另外，标题中一般尽可能不用功能词，即介词、冠词、连词等。
如果要改进这个标题，可以表达为Methods of Improving College Students’ Oral English in China等。
2) The study of Chinese Teaching in Thailand Overseas School【解答】该标题修饰关系不清，大小写有误，study等多余。
可以改进为Teaching Chinese in Schools in Thailand等。
3) A New Opportunity to the moral development of rural left-behind children【解答】该标题大小写有误；new的用法值得考虑，因为除非已经有所谓的opportunity，否则就没有什么new；修饰关系也有问题，尤其是to用得不对。
可以改进为Opportunity for the Moral Development of Left-behind Children in Rural Regions等。
4) The H2O2-biosensor based on PVP and Nano-Au【解答】这个标题相对较好，但大小写还有问题，冠词多余，限定不够明确。
可以修改为Developing H2O2-biosensor Based on PVP and Nano-Au等。
5) The identification of PCV2 Gene【解答】该标题主要毛病是冠词多余，限定不够。
如果是研究如何辨别，那么可以修改为How to identify PCV2 Gene?或Identifying PCV2 Gene等。
6) advantages and challenges of electroplating on Magnesium alloys【解答】这个标题的问题是大小写不规范。
应当修改为Advantages and Challenges of Electroplating on Magnesium Alloys等。
7) The impact of threatening information on pain recover time【解答】按照英式大小写，该标题大小写是规范的，但recover的修饰关系不明确；另外，冠词the可以省略。
修改为Impact of threatening information on pain recovery time或Impact of Threatening Information on Pain Recovery Time等。
8) The Issues of Copyright in Cyber-space【解答】这个标题相对较好，没太大问题。
可以把the省略。
9) Research on student’s achievement assessment in mathematics.【解答】这个标题中的research这个词是多余的，而末尾的句点则是一个严重标题错误。
应当修改为Assessment of s tudent’s achievement in mathematics或Assessment of S tudent’s Achievement in Mathematics等。
10) the diet problem in China【解答】这个标题大小写不规范，冠词多余，话题太大、太泛，不像学术论文标题。
可以修改为Causes of the diet problem in China或Causes of the Diet Problem in China等。
【注】标题之首的冠词一般省略，而内部修饰关系中的冠词看情况来定。
标题的基本类别【提示】这部分可以采取让学生合上课本来思考标题类别的形式授课。
拟定论文标题的基本原则【提示】可以问学生哪个原则最为重要。
我们认为，可检索原则是最为重要的，只有充分体现该原则，论文才有生命力。
课后练习练习一：【解答】Discourse Markers in Spontaneous Speech: Oh What a Difference an Oh Makes该标题简练而富有吸引力，其中前半部是主题，后半部是一个典型例证，而且这个例证又从一个侧面说明Oh这个话语标记的重要作用。
Repeating Words in Spontaneous Speech该标题是常见的直接进入核心主题式的标题，简洁清晰。
练习二：【解答】（1）A model of eye movements虽然比较规范，但过于宽泛，应当加以限定。
（2）Elephants hear, elephants do虽然显得很新颖，但可检索性很差。
（3）Beauty is not simply in the eye of the beholder不像个表题，因为一般来说标题不能用句子表达，除非是问句或感叹句，另外没有科学意义上的关键词，可检索性差。
（4）A study of English car magazines published in China中的a study是多余的，另外，English car magazines的意思不清楚。
（5）Reducing air pollution in urban areas: The role of urban planners是一个很不错的标题。
练习三：参见前面的分析第二章如何写姓名、单位以及致谢？课前准备【提示】论文中的致谢不仅可以用来感谢直接对论文做出过贡献、提供过帮助或建议的人，也可以用来感谢提供资助和研究条件的单位，甚至还可以用来感谢间接对论文做出贡献的人，比如自己的亲友等。
当然，学术论文中的主要看重有直接贡献的。
署名与单位的作用【提示】版权转让协议中最为关键的是作者的签名。
在英美国家，没有签名的文件是无效的，没有法律效力。
中国人姓名的英文写法【提示】比较折中的做法是在国际交流中应当采用国际人士看起来一目了然，不至于误解的写法；而在国内采取国家标准规定的写法。
课后练习练习一：【解答】作者一个是Jean E. Fox Tree，另一个是Josef C. Schrock，共两位；其中前一个作者名为Jean E., 姓为Fox Tree，如果姓为Tree, 那么按这里的书写规律，应当写为Jean E. F. Tree；另一个作者名为Josef C., 姓为Schrock。
单位为加州大学Santa Cruz分校。
致谢中作者首先说明了基金资助情况（University of California提供的教师研究基金，University of California社会科学部研究奖，University of California提供的事业奖），之后作者感谢Herbert Clark提供资料和建议，感谢学生帮忙准备和执行实验，特别感谢Jennifer Black, Duane Cleghorn, Duane Cobb, Ben Nisenbaum 和Taylor Norrish等人，最后感谢了三个匿名审稿人，还附带说明录音转述资料可以通过作者获取。
这里要说明的是，感谢匿名审稿人非常重要，因为它可以从侧面说明刊物的严肃性和公正性。
另外，某些刊物在作者姓名下就留下详细的联系地址，而有些则在其他位置留下详细地址。
练习二：【解答】根据自己的情况来写，关键在于符合规范。
【提示】汉语可以不用或少用连接词，英语则必须依赖连接词来进行表达。
第三章摘要的特点及其写法课前准备【提示】英文摘要不是汉语摘要的一对一的译文。
当然，如果汉语摘要和英语摘要都严格按照大多数定量研究所规定规范来写，那么以一对一的翻译也是可以接受的。
【解答】该摘要第一句话实际上是“研究目的”，即研究food habits；第二句话是研究的背景理论或观点；第三和第四句讲的是“研究方法”；第五、六句是“研究结果”；最后两句话是结论。
摘要的基本结构和写法【提示】无论如何写，摘要都不能与引言和结论中的句子完全重复。
它们各自的作用并不同。
【提示】一般少用this paper/article/manuscript等表达，开门见山地直接用所涉及的变量或对象来进行说明。
这里举例子时用得比较多，原因是缺乏上下文而只举些简单的例子。
关键词与概要【提示】有些学位论文每一章结束时都可以进行一个小的总结，也成为summary，目的就是把该章的主要内容加以高度概括。
课后练习练习一：【解答】Acquisition of a Personal Morality: Chinese Educational Perspectives 这个摘要的标题是合适的。
内容包括：背景[Acquisition of a personal morality is one of the most important topics addressed by social and educational theorists.]目的[We review ancient and modern Chinese scholarly perspectives related to the acquisition of personal morality, and present our conclusions, ]结论[that morality is best conveyed through education, and needs to be an essential component of a basic K-12 secular educational curriculum.] 这个摘要中review一词表明了其研究方法是综述或评述。
总体来看内容比较合理。
不过，“结论”部分的语言表达需要作如下改进：We review ancient and modern Chinese scholarly perspectives related to the acquisition of personal morality. It can be concluded that morality is best conveyed through education, and it needs to be an essential component of a basic K-12 secular educational curriculum.The Clone of Upstream Control Sequence of Bombyx mandarina Sericin1 Gene 这个摘要的标题需要改进，根据内容应当修改为Comparing the upstream regulation sequence of silkworm sericin gene内容包括：背景[第1、2句]研究目的和方法[第3、4句]研究结论[第5句]时态和有些表达表达不当，应当修改如下：Abstract: The sericin1 gene is the main expression gene which expresses the sericin protein, and its sequence and structure has been studied in detail. Its upstream regulation sequence has much influence on the expression and regulation of the gene. This research compared the upstream regulation sequence of silkworm sericin gene with that of sericin gene of different Bombyx mandarina from different areas through PCR, analysed the polymoriphyism of Bombyx mandarina sequences by comparing the difference among sequences. The results indicated that the upstream regulation sequence of sericin gene between silkworm and Bombyx mandarina was highly homologous.Keywords:sericin gene; upstream control sequence; polymoriphyism;Bombyx mandarinaStudy of characteristics of DFB laser with optical feedback这个摘要的标题需要改进，根据内容应当修改为Output characteristics of DFB lasers subjected to optical feedback背景[第1、2句]研究目的和方法[in this paper 到the simulation results之前]研究结论[剩余部分]时态、标点有些表达不当，应当修改如下：Abstract: With the development of optical communication, semiconductor lasers become indispensable in long distance communication and information processing, but they are very sensitive to external optical feedback and tend to yield nonlinear dynamic output. Based on the theoretical model of semiconductor lasers with external-cavity optical feedback by Lang-Kobayashi, the output characteristics of DFB lasers subjected to optical feedback are studied in this paper. The simulation results showed that, under the optical feedback, the output of DFB lasers are affected by feedback strength and feedback delay time. When the feedback strength and feedback delay time are increased, DFB lasers exhibit stable period-one oscillation, period-two oscillation, multi-period oscillation, deterministic chaos and many other complex nonlinear instabilities. When the DFB lasers exhibit chaotic characteristics, the output of the semiconductor lasers is complicated, irregular, and noise-like sub-nanosecond pulse waveform.Key words: DFB laser; external-cavity; optical feedback练习二：【解答】引言，背景，目的，假设，方法，结果，讨论，结论。