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护理专业英语词汇

护理专业英语词汇

Unit 111.pulse 脉搏2.respiration呼吸3.vital 生命延续所必需的,极重要的vital signs 生命体征4.intervention 干涉,干预nursing intervention 护理措施5.thermometer 温度计,体温计6.disposable 一次性的;用后即可丢弃的7.rectum 直肠rectal 直肠的8.axilla 胳肢窝,腋窝axillary 腋窝的9.scale刻度,标度10.Fahrenheit 华氏温度计的;华氏温度计A Fahrenheit thermometer 华氏温计11.Celsius 摄氏的A Celsius thermometer 摄氏温度计12.contraindicate 禁忌13.bradycardia 心搏徐缓14.tachycardia 心动过速15.rhythm韵律16.radial 桡神经(的);桡动脉(的)17.carotid 颈动脉;颈动脉的18.apical 上的,顶点的apical pulse 心尖搏动19.stethoscope 听诊器20.inhale 吸入;吸气21.exhale把……呼出22.expand 扩张23.contract收缩24.even平静的,均匀的25.dyspnea 呼吸困难26.apnea 无呼吸,呼吸暂停27.hyperpnea 呼吸过度,喘息28.multiply 乘,使相乘29.systolic 心脏收缩的30.diastolic 心脏舒张的31.hypertension 高血压32.hypotension 血压过低33.cuff橡皮箍,袖带34.sphygmomanometer血压计,血压测量计Unit 131.pathogen 病原体(物)2.enteric 肠的3.tuberculosis 肺结核4.diphtheria 白喉5.varicella 水痘6.herpes疱疹7.zoster 带,带状疹子8.measles麻疹,风疹,包虫病,痧子9.cerebrospinal脑脊髓的10.meningitis 脑膜炎epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis 流行性脑脊髓膜炎11.fecal排泄物的12.hepatitis肝炎viral hepatitis病毒性肝炎13.gastroenteritis肠胃炎14.clostridium梭状芽孢杆菌,梭菌clostridium difficile艰难梭菌15.endocarditis [医]心内膜炎16.multiresistant (疾病等)抗多种抗菌素(或毒物)的17.droplet 小滴(飞沫)ryngeal喉的;喉部19.decubitus (病人之)卧姿;褥疮20.malaria 疟疾21.syphilis 梅毒22.spill 溢出,溅出,溢出量23.contaminate弄脏;污染24.hypochlorite 次氯酸盐sodium hypochlorite solution 次氯酸钠液,漂白粉25.incontinence 不能自制,无节制,[医]失禁26.contamination玷污,污染,污染物27.airborne 空气传播的Unit 141.medication 药物,药物治疗,药物处理2.inhalation吸入3.vaginal 阴道的4.rectal 直肠的5.intestine 肠6.tablet 药片,小块7.capsule 胶囊8.elixir清药酒,精药酒,甘香酒剂9.suspension 悬浮,悬浮液,悬胶(体)10.syrup糖浆,果汁11.parenteral 肠胃外的,不经肠的,非肠道的;注射用药物12.intradermal 皮内的,皮层内的13.subcutaneous 皮下的,皮下用的14.intramuscular肌内的,肌肉的15.oncology肿瘤学16.diabetes 糖尿病,多尿症17.allergy 过敏,过敏性,敏感症,变态反应性18.pharmacokinetics 药物(代谢)动力学19.antibiotic抗生的;抗生素20.hormonal 荷尔蒙的,激素的21.contraceptive避孕的;避孕药,避孕品,避孕用具22.biotransformation 生物转化23.metabolite 代谢物24.integumentary外皮的,皮的;由皮肤构成的25.musculoskeletal 肌肉与骨骼的26.prescribe处(方),开(药);指示,规定prescription处方,药方27.adverse 不利的,有害的,相反的Unit 151.dexterity 灵巧,机敏2.irretrievable 不能挽回的,不能复原的3.mandatory命令的,强制的,托管的4.syringe注射器;注射5.swab 棉签,药签6.disinfectant 消毒剂7.vaccination接种疫苗,种痘;牛痘疤8.epinephrine 肾上腺素9.insulin 胰岛素10.erythropoietin (促)红细胞生成素11.thigh 大腿,股12.dorsogluteal背外侧的13.deltoid 三角形的;三角肌的deltoid muscle 三角肌14.quadriceps 四头肌15.femoral 股的,股骨的femoral quadriceps 股四头肌16.coccyx尾骨17.iliac 髂骨的,回肠的18.spine 脊骨iliac spine髂嵴19.acromion 肩峰20.precutaneous 经由皮肤的,经皮的21.venipuncture 静脉穿刺,静脉针灸22.peripheral 外周的,外围的23.dorsum背(部)24.elbow 肘25.cannulation管子,套管插入术26.dressing 敷料27.nodule节结28.lesion损害,身体上的伤害29.dart 飞奔,投掷;飞快的动作30.barrel 桶,筒,活塞筒Unit 161.neonate 婴儿,新生儿2.plasma血浆,乳浆3.hemoglobin 血色素,血红蛋白4.thrombocytopenia 血小板减少(症)5.platelet 血小板,小盘,小板6.hemorrhage 出血7.antigen 抗原8.leukocyte 白细胞,白血球9.fibrinogen 纤维蛋白原10.globulin血球素,球蛋白11.intravascular 血管内的12.pasteurize 用巴氏法灭菌13.hypoproteinemia 低蛋白血(症)14.cryoprecipitate 冷凝蛋白质15.hemophiliac 血友病的;血友病患者16.infant 婴儿,幼儿;婴儿的,幼稚的17.bacteria细菌18.hemolysis 溶血Unit 171.incise切割,切入2.contuse 打伤,挫伤,撞伤3.abrade 磨损,摩擦,折磨4.puncture穿刺伤;刺破cerate 撕裂,割碎6.contamination 玷污,污染,污染物7.alimentary食物的,营养的alimentary canal 消化道8.genital 生殖的;生殖器(多用于指男性的外生殖器)9.urinary 尿的,泌尿器的10.gastrointestinal 胃与肠的11.spillage 溢出,溢出量12.purulent 脓的,含脓的13.granulation 使成粒状,有粒的表面,粗糙14.vasculature 脉管系统15.malnourished 营养失调的,营养不良的16.depilatory 脱毛的;脱毛药17.hemorrhage 出血18.ligature 绷带19.dehiscence 裂开20.evisceration去内脏术,脏器膨出21.specimen 标本,样本,待试验物22.nausea 反胃,恶心,作呕,晕船23.parenteral 肠胃外的,不经肠的,非肠道的24.serosanguineous血清血液的25.stitch缝,缝合;一针,针脚,缝针26.suture 缝合,缝合处,缝合用的线;缝合Unit181.intubation 插管法2.relaxant肌肉松弛药;放松的,弛缓的3.regurgitated反流的ryngoscope 喉镜5.cuff 气囊6.syringe注射器7.atlantooccipital 寰枕的8.epiglottis 会厌9.cord 声带10.turbinate 鼻甲11.oesophageal 食管的,食道的12.epigastrium腹上部13.bronchus 支气管14.aortic 主动脉的,大动脉的15.intracranial 颅内的16.aneurysm 动脉瘤17.analgesic 止痛剂,镇痛药Unit191.suction 吸;抽吸;抽吸器;吸引术,吸痰2.secretion 分泌物3.cyanotic 发绀的,青紫的4.sterile 灭菌的;消毒的5.sputum 痰6.microorganism 微生物7.dominant 优势的;支配的8.contamination 污染;沾染9.nostril 鼻孔10.tracheostomy 气管造口术Unit201.cardiopulmonary心肺的;与心肺有关的2.resuscitation 苏醒;复活;复苏;复苏术3.hemodynamic 血液动力学的,血液动力的4.spontaneous 任意的;自发的5.ventricular 室的,心室的,似心室的6.ventilation 通风;换气7.electrocardiogram心电图(ECG)8.defibrillation 心脏除颤;除颤9.pharmacologic药理学的10.jaw颌;颚11.chin颏12.sternum胸骨Unit221.shock 休克2.cardiovascular心脏血管的3.intravascular血管内的4.anaphylaxis 过敏性反应5.disseminate 播散,弥散6.coagulation 凝结、凝结物7.episode 发作,偶发事件8.ischemic 局部缺血的9.endothelial内皮的10.precipitate 加速,促使,促成11.cerebral 脑的,大脑的12.gastrointestinal 胃与肠的13.hypovolemic 血容量减少的hypovolemia 血容量减少,血容量过低14.spleen 脾15.trauma 外伤,损伤16.cardiogenic 心源性的,心脏性的17.extracardiac 心外的18.distributive 分配的,分布的,分布性的19.venule 小静脉20.arteriole细动脉21.clammy湿粘的,湿冷的22.bluish 带蓝色的,带青色的23.profuse很多的,大量的,极其丰富的24.perfusion 灌注,充满25.oximetry 血氧定量,血氧定量法26.deterioration恶化;变坏;退化恶化27.tachypnea 呼吸促迫,呼吸急促28.asepsis无菌,防腐处理,灭菌法29.cannula 套管。

生命体征国际标准

生命体征国际标准

生命体征国际标准全文共四篇示例,供读者参考第一篇示例:生命体征是反映人体生命活动状态以及身体健康状况的重要指标,通过检测生命体征可以及时发现疾病,监测疾病进展情况,评估疾病治疗效果,指导临床治疗,对于维护人体健康至关重要。

而生命体征的标准化则是国际医学领域一直致力于探讨和推行的重要目标之一。

生命体征包括体温、脉搏、呼吸、血压和其他与身体健康相关的特征,如血氧饱和度等。

这些指标通常通过医学仪器测量,以确保准确性和可比性。

不同国家、不同医疗机构甚至不同医生之间关于生命体征的测量和解读方式可能存在差异,这就导致了生命体征的标准化问题。

为了解决这一问题,国际医学界逐渐形成了关于生命体征的国际标准。

这些国际标准旨在统一生命体征的测量方法、解读标准和临床意义,以便不同国家和地区的医疗机构都能够遵循相同的原则和方法来评估患者的健康状况。

体温是最基本的生命体征之一。

国际标准规定了体温的正常范围为36.1℃~37.2℃,通常采用口腔、腋下或直肠测量。

而脉搏是衡量心脏功能的重要指标,国际标准规定成年人的脉搏正常范围为60~100次/分钟,通常测量在患者的脉搏部位,如颈动脉或腕动脉。

呼吸是反映呼吸系统功能的指标,国际标准规定成年人的呼吸正常范围为12~20次/分钟,通常通过观察胸廓的起伏或听听患者呼吸声音来测量。

血压是评估心血管系统功能的重要指标,国际标准规定成年人的血压正常范围为收缩压120~140mmHg,舒张压80~90mmHg,常用袖带和听诊器测量。

血氧饱和度是评估血液氧合情况的指标,国际标准规定成年人的血氧饱和度正常范围为95%~100%,常用脉搏氧饱和度仪或动脉血氧仪测量。

除了以上常见的生命体征外,还有一些其他指标如眼睛瞳孔大小、皮肤色泽、呕吐等也是评估患者健康状况的重要参考标准。

综合这些生命体征指标可以全面评估患者身体健康状况,及时发现疾病,指导临床诊疗。

国际标准化的生命体征标准是医疗质量管理的基础,是保障患者安全和提高医疗质量的重要手段。

生命体征 ppt课件

生命体征  ppt课件

(如果患者有动静脉造瘘应测健侧肢体);
检查患者肢体有无偏瘫、功能障碍、被测皮肤有
无损伤
评估病房环境:安静、整洁
回到治疗室评估治疗室环境:整洁、安静、光线
充足
准备用物并检查
手消液:瓶身、有效期 清洁容器:盛放消毒的体温计
另一容器:盛放用过的体温计
体温计:已甩至35̊以下、刻度清晰、 水银柱无断裂、已擦干并清点数目。 听诊器:连接管完好无老化、听诊器胸端 无破损;轻轻叩击听诊器胸端传导性良好 血压计:有检测标识;刻度清晰、玻璃柱无 裂痕、袖带连接完好橡胶管无老化,打开开 关,水银柱在“0”点,向袖带内充气,水银 柱无断裂、水银充足。 手表:完好,有秒针
2、对精神异常、昏迷以及病儿要注意试温安全,预 防损伤。在测体温时,护士应全程守候。
3、传染病人应专人专用,体温计单独消毒。
4、切勿把体温计放在热水中清洗或沸水中煮,以防 爆裂
注意事项
二、测脉搏的注意事项: 1、不可用拇指诊脉,因拇指小动脉搏动较强易与 病人的脉搏相混淆。 2、病人如有紧张、剧烈运动、哭闹等情况需等患 者稳定30分钟下来再测量。 3、偏瘫病人应测健侧,有动静脉瘘的病人应测健 侧。 4、脉搏短绌患者的测量方法:
操作流程
仪表:按医院要求着护士装
操 作 流 程
操作前准备:评估告知准备
操作过程:测量生命体征
操作后:整理用物 洗手、记录、签字
操作前准备
评估患者:
1.病情、意识状态、自理合作程度、生命体征基础

2.患者30分钟内有无吸烟、运动、进食、冷热敷、
沐浴、情绪波动
3.被测量患者肢体有无偏瘫、功能障碍,测量部位
脉搏短绌测量一分钟!
4、脉搏短绌:脉搏短绌即在同一单位时间内,脉 率少于心率。其特点为心律完全不规则,心率快 慢不一,心音强弱不等。若遇此病人,应同时测 心率与脉率。

第八章生命体征

第八章生命体征

伏搏动。 正常脉搏及生理变化(与呼吸比为4:1 - 5:1): 1.脉率(pulse rate) 每分脉搏搏动的次数。正常安静状态60-100次/分。 影响因素有:年龄、性别、体型、活动、情绪、进食、药物等。 2.脉律(pulse rhythm) 脉搏的节律。反映左心室收缩情况。正常跳动均 匀规则,间隔时间相等。青春期常有窦性心律不齐。 3.脉搏的强弱:触诊时血液流经血管的感觉。取决于动脉充盈度和周围 血管的阻力,与心博量和脉压大小有关。正常每博强弱相等。 4.动脉壁的情况:触诊时感觉到的动脉壁的性质。正常动脉壁光滑、柔 软、有弹性。
节律异常
间歇脉(intermittent pulse)在一系列规则
的脉搏中,提前出现较弱的脉搏,其后有 较长的间歇。有二联律(bigeminy)三 联律(trigeminy)。见于心肌病、心肌梗 塞、洋地黄中毒等。 脉搏短绌(pulse deficit)单位时间内脉率< 心率。特点是心律完成不规则,心率快慢 不一,心音强弱不等。
血压的评估与护理
Assessment and Care of blood pressure
血压的评估与护理
血压(blood pressure)心脏收缩和舒张时,血管

内流动的血液对血管壁的侧压力(通常指动脉 血压)。 收缩压(systolic pressure)心室收缩时,动脉 血压上升达最高值。 舒张压(diastolic pressure)心室舒张末期,动 脉血压下降达最低值。 脉压(pulse pressure)收缩压与舒张压之差。 平均动脉压(mean arterial pressure)动脉血压 的平均值,约等于舒张压+1/3脉压或1/3收缩 压+2/3舒张压。

科技英语新词汇

科技英语新词汇

干扰素(Interferon)干细胞(Stem Cells)干燥综合征(Sjogren Syndrome,SS)高技术(High Technology, 简称Hi-tech)高技术战争(high-tech warfare)高温超导电缆(High-TC Superconducting Cable)高温超导体(High-TC Superconductor)公共密钥基础结构(Public Key Infrastructure,PKI)供应链管理(Supply Chain Management)光纤通信(Optical Fiber Communication)国防高技术(defense high technology)国防关键技术(defense critical technology)国防信息基础结构(DII Defence Information Infrastructure)国际空间站(ISS(International Space Station))()互联网时间(Internet Time)大规模杀伤性武器(Weapons of mass destruction)(陶子)中微子(T au neutrino )大科学(Big Science)地球模拟器(Earth Simulator)地球资料卫星(earth resources satellite)地震矩规模(moment magnitude scale)电子现金(Electronic Cash)电子支票(Electronic Check)动漫(Comic and Animation)都市农业(Urban Agriculture或Agriculture in City Countryside) 二恶英”(Dioxin)非典型肺炎(Atypical Pneumonias)分布式计算(Distributed Computing)分布式能源(distributed energy sources)分子遗传学(Molecular genetics)疯牛病(Mad Cow Disease)白色农业(white agriculture)办公自动化(OA:Office Automation)半导体材料(semiconductor material)比较医学(Comparative Medicine)并行工程(Concurrent Engineering)博客(Blog/Blogger)超级网站(Super Website)城市垃圾管理的三C原则(Clean Cycle Control)创新决策权(Authority innovation-decisions)磁悬浮列车(Magnetically Levitated Train)3C 融合(3c fusion)3G(3rd Generation)3R技术(3R techniques)4A(Anyone Anytime Anywhere Anything)CG( Computer Graphics )DVD( Digital Versatile Disk,多功能数码光盘)EVD (Enhanced Versatile Disk,增强型多媒体盘片系统)Open AccessSOI材料(Silicon on Insulator Materials)Wi-Fi技术(Wireless Fidelity)阿尔法客车”(AlphaBus)爱普(APIEL:Advanced Placement International English Language)按需计算(On-Demand Computing)ACPR — adjacent-channel power ratio 邻频功率比ADC — analog-to-digital converter 模数转换AGC — automatic gain control 自动增益控制AMPS — advanced mobile phone system 高级移动电话系统ASIC — application-specific integrated circuit 专用集成电路ASK — amplifier shift keying 幅移键控ATM — asynchronous transfer mode 异步传输模式AWGN — additive white gaussian noise 加白高斯噪声BER — bit error rate 误码率BPSK — binary phase shift keying 二相位键控CCRR — co-channel rejection ratio 同频抑制比CDMA — code-division multiple access 码分多址CDPD — cellular digital packet data 蜂窝数字包数据/蜂窝状数字式分组数据交换系统,也指相应的技术或标准CMRR — common-mode rejection ratio 共模抑制比HAPS ----高空平台站HBS ----HARDWARE BENCHMARK SYSTEMHDTV ----高清晰度电视HDTV ----高清晰度电视HEC ----混合纠错HFC ----光纤电缆混合网HFC ----光纤铜轴混合网HGC ----HERCULES GRAPHICS CARD 大力神图形卡HHS ----美国卫生和公众服务部HIS ----医院信息系统HLM ----异类局域网管理HLR ----HOME LACATION REGISTEMHMI ----人机接口HOME PNA ----电话线联网联盟HOME RF ----研究策划家庭网络无线传送规格的业界机构HON ----互联网保健基金会HOPS ----Hast Pioxionity SecoiceHPA ----高功率放大器HPC ----手掌电脑HPCC ----HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM 高性能计算机与通信规划HPCC ----HIGH PERFORMANCE CONYUTING AND COMMUNICATING 高性能计算与通讯HPCS ----高性能计算机系统HPFS ----高性能文件系统HPSN ----高性能可延展网络HRN ----HARDWARE REVISION NUMBERHSCDS ----高速电路交换数据HSCSD ----HIGH SPEED CINCUIT SWITCHED DATAHSCSD ----高速数据传输HSSG ----HIGH SPEED STUDY GROUNHTTP ----HYPER TEXT TRANSFER PROTOCALHUML ----HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE科学技术教育与培训(S&T education and training)科学素养(Scientific Literacy)可视图文(Visual pictures and literature)空间站(space station)空中交通管制(air traffic control— ATC)蓝色农业(blue agriculture)蓝牙技术(Bluetooth)立体农业(stereo farming)量子纠缠(Quantum Entanglement)量子密码术(Quantum cryptography)量子隐形传送(Quantum T eleportation)硫污染(Pollution by Sulfur)绿色GDP(Green GDP)绿色纤维(Lyocell fibre)绿箱政策(GreenBox Policies)密钥加密技术(Key Encryption Technology)敏捷制造(Agile Manufacturing)()纳米材料(nano material)与纳米粒子(nano particle)纳米机器人(Nano Robot)纳米科学技术(NanoST (Nano Science and Technology))纳卫星(Nano-Satellite)农业产业化(Agriculture Industrialization)欧洲洁净空气”计划(CAFE ( Clean “Air For Europe rogramme”)贫铀弹(Depleted Uranium Bomb)平均无故障工作时间(mean-time-between-failures — MTBF)普适计算(Pervasive Computing)气象卫星(meteorological satellite)千年生态系统评估(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment)清洁生产(Cleaner Production)全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,简称GPS)全球警报与反应网络(Global Out-break Alert and Response Network)燃料电池(Fuel Cell)人工乘客(Artificial Passenger)人类脑计划(Human Brain Project)人文发展指数(HDI)认证中心(Certificate Authority, 简称CA)柔性制造技术(flexible manufacturing technology— FMT)朊毒体(Prion)深空探测(Deep Space Exploration)生命体征(vital signs)生命体征(vital signs)生态预报(ecological forecasting 或ecological)生物安全(Biosafety)生物防治(biological control)生物经济(Bio-economy)生物库”计划(“Biobank”Project )生物入侵(Biological invasion)生物芯片(Biochip)生物信息学(Bioinformatics)生物质能(Biomass Energy)时间旅行(Time Travel)试验发展(Development)受众分割(Audience segmentation)数字地球(Digital Earth )数字地球(Digital Earth)数字电视(Digital TV,简称DTV)数字鸿沟(Digital Divide)数字化战场(digitizing the battlefield — DB)数字视频广播(DVB “Digital Video Broadcast”)数字图书馆(DL “Digital Library”)数字显示器(Digital Display)数字现金(Digital Cash)数字音频磁带(DAT “Digital Audio Tape”)数字自然音影技术(DNA “Digital Natural Audio/Video”)双星计划(Double Star Programme)水资源(Water Resources)酸雨(Acid Rain)外科手术式打击(Surgical strike)网格计算(Grid Computing)网络数据库(Network Database)网络综合症(Net Synthesis)危机管理(Crisis Management)微机电系统(Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems,MEMS)微流体技术(Microfluidics Technology)温室效应(Greenhouse Effect)物理农业(Physical Agriculture )严重急性呼吸道综合症(SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) 阳光政策(Sunshine policy)遥感(Remote Sensing)遥医学(Telemedicine)液晶(Liquid Crystal)液晶(liquid crystal)液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)一票否决权(veto power)医学遗传学(medical genetics)医院信息系统(Integrated Hospital Information System,IHIS)移动计算(Mobile Computing)移动上网(WAP)遗传筛查(Genetic Screening)应用研究(Application Research)营养免疫( Nutrition Immunology)有机(生化)纳米材料(Organic (Biochemical) Nanomaterial)预发式计算(Proactive Computing)远程呈现(telepresence)远程医学(T elemedicine)载人航天(Manned Space Flight)载人航天(manned spaceflight)摘菊使者(Daisy Cutter)知识管理(Knowledge Management, 简称KM)知识经济(The Knowledge Economy)知识引擎(Kengine)知识与资源管理(KRM:Konwlege & Resource Management)脂质体(Liposome)植物全息现象(Plant Holographic Images)中国强制认证(CCC“China Compulsory Certification”)重组DNA技术(Recombinant DNA Technology)转基因动物(Genetically Modified Animal)转基因食品(Genetically Modified Food)准晶(Quasicrystal)准一维纳米材料(Quasi-one-dimensional Nanometer Material)资源安全(Resource Security)自主计算(Autonomic Computing)综合性安全(Comprehensive Security,或非传统安全)总部经济(Headquarters Economy)组织培养技术(Tissue Culture Technology)西尼罗河病毒(West Nile virus)消费电子(consume electronics)信息材料(information materials)信息技术外包(IT Outsourcing)信息经纪人(Information Broker)信息战(information warfare— IW)休闲农业(Recreational Agriculture)虚拟口腔(DentAART)虚拟人(Visual Human)虚拟人(Visual human)虚拟天文台(Virtual Observatory)虚拟现实技术(Virtual Reality Technology)循环经济(Recycling Economy / Cyclic Economy)太空农业(Space Agriculture)太空行走(Walking in space)太阳风暴(Solar Storm)太阳能(Solar Energy)炭疽(Anthrax)炭疽(anthrax)唐氏综合症(Downs Syndrome)提高战略运算能力计划Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative,ASCI 体细胞遗传学(somatic genetics)通信卫星(communication satellite。

生命体征1xue下载

生命体征1xue下载

(2)高血压标准
1999年世界卫生组织/国际高血压联盟(WHO/ISH)
分级 理想血压 正常血压 正常高值 临界高血压
收缩压(mmHg) (90-)<120 <130 130-139 140-149
舒张压(mmHg) (60-)<80 <85 85-89 90-94
90-99 100-109 ≥110 < 90 < 90
( 1级高血压:亚组)
1级高血压(轻度) 2级高血压(中度) 3级高血压(重度) 单纯收缩期高血压
140-159 160-179 ≥180 ≥140 亚组:临届收缩期高血压 140-149
血压的保健
• (3)高血压的常见症状
• 轻度/初期:可以无症状或仅表现为心率快(尤 其长期安静状态下心率大于80次/分以上)
大量喝酒、体位突变等
血压的保健
• 2、高血压
• 收缩压≥140 mmHg或舒张压≥ 90 mmHg
• (1)流行病学状况
• 1)常见、重要的慢性非传染性疾病
• 三高(患病率/致残率/死亡率)
• 三低(知晓率/治疗率/控制率)
• 2)患病人群年轻化:老年→中/青年/少年 • 3)发病相关因素:15%遗传,60%生活方式
生活方式与高血压
• (2)油脂、饱和脂肪摄入过多
• 机理:血脂↑→血液粘稠度、血循环阻力↑,血 管壁受损↑→心脏负荷、血压↑→血管破裂、堵 塞,心衰↑
• 预防措施:少油、少动物脂肪饮食 • 食油<25g/天(WHO推荐) • 少动物脂肪(猪油/黄油/肥肉--饱和脂肪)<40 g/天 • 多鱼类(不饱和脂肪↑)
一、生命体征的基本知识
• (一)生命体征及其产生(vital signs ) • 体温T(Body Temperature ):物质代谢产能、产热 → 体表温度

医学专业英语

医学专业英语

一般检查generalexamination一, 性别sex男Male女Female二,年龄age三,生命体征:vital age体温body temperaturea,口测法oral measurementﻩb,肛测法archos measurementc,腋测法axil measurement呼吸respirations脉搏pulse血压blood pressure四,发育development体型(Habitus):无力型(asthenic type)、超力型(sthenictype)、正力型(orthosthenic type)五,营养state of nutrition:良好well、中等moderatelty.肥胖(Obesity)、消瘦slake六,意识consciousness: 嗜睡drowsiness、意识模糊clouding ofconsciousness昏睡hyponody、昏迷coma(浅,中,深度),谵妄acute confusionalstate七,语调tone 语态voice八,面容facial features急性病容faceof acuteill,慢性病容chronic disease face,贫血面容anemic face,甲亢面容hypert hyreosis feature,粘液性水肿面容myxedema face, 二尖瓣面容mitralfacies,满月脸面容moon face,肢端肥大症面容acromegaly facies,伤寒面容typhoidface,病危面容,Hippocrates face表情expression 正常normal,淡漠indifference烦躁不安dysphoria,痛苦suffering忧郁gloom九,体位positiona,自主体位active position b,被动体位passive position 极度意识衰竭和丧失culmination consciousness failureandlossc,强迫体位compulsiveposition强迫坐位(端坐呼吸)compulsivesitting position (orthopnea)十,姿势posture十一,步态gaitaa,蹒跚步态waddling gaitb,醉酒步态drinken man gaitc,共济失调步态ataxicgait d,慌张步态fe stinating gait e,跨閱步态steppage gaitf,剪刀步态scissorgait g,间歇性跛行intermittent gait十二,皮肤skin1,颜色skincolor a,苍白pallor 贫血anaemiab,发红redness发热fever c,发绀cyanosis 缺氧ﻩhypoxia d,黄染stainedyellow 肝病liverdisease e,色素沉着pigmentation 肝病li verdisease f,色素脱失coloringmaterialloss 白化症albinismus2,湿度moisture 干燥dry脱水dewat湿润moist休克shock 3,弹性elasticity4,皮疹skin eruptiona斑疹maculate b玫瑰疹roseola c 丘疹papules; d 斑丘疹maculopapulate ,e荨麻疹urticaria5,脱屑scales6赘生物vegetation 7,皮下出血subcutaneous hemorrhagea 瘀点petechiab瘀斑ecchymosis c 紫癜purpura d血肿hematome8,蜘蛛痣spiderangioma肝掌liver palms 9,水肿edema 10,皮下结节subcutaneous nodules 11,瘢痕scar12,毛发hair 13,淋巴lymph体检(胸腹部)[Physical examination(chestand belly)]1、肋骨和软组织[ribs andsoft tissure]·胸骨上切迹[suprasternalnotch]·浮肋[freeribs]·胸壁[chest wall]·扁平(桶状、佝偻、漏头、鸡)胸[flat (barrel,rachitic,funnel,pigeon)chest]·皮下气肿[subcutaneousemphysema]·捻发音[Crepitus]·软组织损伤[soft tissue injury]·肋骨畸形[abnormality of the ribs(rib deformity,costal anomaly)]·肋软骨畸形[costochondral deformity]·肋软骨增生[costal cartilage hyperplasia]·肋下切口[subcostal incision]·肋间隙宽(窄)[wide (narrow) intercostal space]乳房[breast]3、肺[lung]·呼吸缓慢(急促)[bradypnea (tachypnea)]·呼吸浅慢(深快)[hypopnea (hyperpnea)]·呼吸不规则[irregular respiration]·点头呼吸[noddingbreathing]·端坐呼吸[orthopnea]·三凹征[retractionsign ofthree fossae]·叹息样呼吸[sighing respiration]·浅快[shallow and rapid]·呼(吸)气性呼吸困难[expiratory(inspiratory) dyspnea]·呼吸道烧伤(塌陷)[burn (collapse) ofrespiratorytract(airway)]·呼吸道阻塞[respiratory tractobstruction]·呼吸均匀(呼吸加深或加快)[eupnea(exaggerated or accleratedrespiratory)]·呼吸停止[apnea]·呼吸费力[respirationis labored]·语音(触觉)震颤[vocal(tactile)fremitus]·语颤相等(减弱、增强)[vocal fremitusis equal(diminished,accentuated)]·间接(直接)叩诊[mediate (immediate) percussion]·浊(实、鼓、清、过清、金属)音[dullness(flatness, tympany, vesicular resonance, hyperresonance, bell)]·移动范围[rangeofmovement]·呼吸音消失(减弱,增强)[absence(diminution,exaggeration) ofbreath sound]·呼吸音粗(清)[sound ofbreath(SOB)isrough (clear)]·支气管(支气管肺泡,肺泡)音[bronchophony (bronchovesicular sound,vesicular sound)]·管状呼吸音[tubular breath sound]·捻发音[crepitant rales]·爆裂音[crackles]·干(湿)罗音[dry (moist)rales]·细(中等、粗)罗音[fine(medium, coarse) rales]·呼(吸)气未罗音[end-inspiratory(expiratory)rales]·胸膜摩擦音[pleuralfriction rub]·呼(吸)气延长[prolongedinspiratory (expiratory)]·高(低)调鼾音[sibilant(sonorous) rhonchi(sonorous rales)]·哨笛音[sibilant rales]·哮鸣音[wheezing]·小(中、大)水泡音[small(middle, big) bubbles]·支气管语音[bronchophony]·耳语音[whispered]·羊鸣音[egophony]·高(低)音调[high(low)-pitched]·两肺部(右背部)[over both lung fields (rightback)]·两(左)肺底[over theboth (left)lowerlung]·整个肺野[the whole lung field]·左(右)上(下)肺[theleft (right)upper (lower) lung]·肺尖(底)[apex (base) oflung]4、心脏[Heart]心房心室室间隔房间隔主动脉瓣肺动脉瓣二尖瓣三尖瓣·用手掌(指尖)触诊心尖搏动[palpate apical areawith palm numbness (fingertips)]·心前区隆起(凹陷)[precordial bulge (retraction)]·搏动弥漫(局限)[diffuse(local) pulsation]·负性搏动[inwardinpulse]·心尖搏动[apex beat (apicalimpulse)]·剑突下搏动[xiphoideusal pulsaton]·抬举性心尖搏动[heaving apex impulse]·心尖搏动最强点[point of maximalimpulse (PMI)]·锁骨中线[mid-calvicularline (MCL)]·肋间[intercostalspace(ICS)]·收缩(舒张)期震颤[systolic (diastolic) thrill]·心浊音界[theborderof cardiac dullnes]·心绝对(相对)浊音界扩大(缩小)[enlarged (diminished)absolute(relative) cardiac dullnes s]·叩诊心脏大小正常[heart sizeis normal on(to) percussion]·心脏向左(右)扩大[cardiacdilation (enlargement) to the left(right)]·第1(2、3、4)心音[S1(S2,S3,S4)]·第1心音增强(减弱,听不清)[first heartsound is exaggerate (decreased, muffled)]·生(病)理性杂音(分裂)[physiologic (pathological)murmur (splitting)]·生理性(固定、反常、逆)分裂[physiologic(fixed, paradoxical,reversed) splitting]·肺动脉瓣第2心音>(=,<)主动脉瓣第2心音[P2>(=,〈)A2]·大炮音[connonsound]·心音消失[heart sound is absent (disapeared)]·心音增强(减弱)[accentuated(diminished)cardiacsound]·心音响亮(遥远)[cardiac sound is loud (distant)]·收缩期(舒张期,连续性)杂音[systolic (diastolic, continuous)murmur]·收缩(舒张)前(中、晚)期杂音[pre-(mid—,post) systolic(diastolic)murmur]·全收缩期的[holosystolic(pansystolic)]·全舒张期的[holodiastolic (pandiastolic)]·低(高)音调[low (high)pitched]·递减(递增,递减—递增)性杂音[decrescendo (crescendo, decrescendo—crescendo)murmur]·呈喷射型[beejectionin type]·Ⅳ级喷射型收缩期杂音[gradeⅣ(I-Ⅳ/6)systolic ejectionmurmur]·吹风样杂音[murmurof puffing character]·低音调隆隆样[low-pitched rumbling quality]·柔和(粗糙)的[soft(harshor rough)]·吹风样(喷射性、隆隆样、沙沙声样、搔抓声样、机器声样、汽笛声样、倒水声样)杂音[blowing (ejection, rumbling, rustting,scratching, machinary, whistling, pouring)murmur]·功能性(器质性)杂音[functional (organic) murmur]·血管(静脉)杂音[vascular(venous)murmur]·枪击音[pistol shotsound]·静脉营营音[venous hum]·奔马律[galloprhythm]·胎心律[embryocardia]·心律齐(不齐)[regular (irregular) rhythm]·心律不齐[arrhythmia]·二(三)联律[bigeminy (trigeminy)]·早搏[premature (extrasystol)]·喀嗽音[click]·钟摆律[pendular rhythm]·二尖瓣开瓣音[mitralopening snap]·心包摩擦音[pericardial frictionsound]·听诊[on auscultation]·二尖瓣(主瓣,肺瓣,三尖瓣)听诊区[mitral (aortic,pulmonary,tricuspid)valve area]·心包叩击音[pericardial knock]·肿瘤扑落音[tumorplop]5、腹部[abdomen]·腹膨隆[abdominaldistention(prominence)]·腹平坦(凹陷)[abdominal flatness(retraction)]·蛙状(球状、舟状)腹[frog(bulbous, scaphoid) belly (abdomen)]·腹围增大[increased abdominal girth]·肠型[intestinal pattern]·胃(小肠)蠕动波[gastric (intestinal) peristalticwave]·静脉曲张[varicosity(dilated tortuousvein)]·疤痕[scar]·腹壁紧张(松驰)[guarding (abdominal muscular relaxation)]·腹壁切口(创伤)[incision(wound) of abdominal wall]·腹部分区[abdominal region]·左(右)上(下)腹[left(right) upper(lower)quadrant]·脐膨出[projection ofthe umbilicus]·腹式呼吸[abdominal(diaphragmatic)breathing]·腹壁松弛[lax abdominal wall]·肝肿大[hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver)]·脾肿大[splenomegaly(enlargement of thespleen)]·右肋下5厘米[5cmbelowtheright costalmargin]·肿块(肝)质硬[firm mass(liver)]·莫菲氏征[murphy`ssigh]·肌卫现象[muscle guarding(tension)]·反跳痛[reboundtenderness]·压痛点[tenderness point]·剑突下压痛[tendernessbeneath the xiphoidprocess]·麦氏点压痛[McBurney`s point tenderness]·腹肌强直(板状腹,板样强直)[rigorofabdominal muscle(wooden belly, board—like rigidity)]·柔韧感[doughkneedingsensation]·波动感[fluctuation]·腹股沟疝[inguinalfemoralhernia]·腹壁反射[abdominalreflex]·腹水征[signof ascites]·膀胱肿大[bladder expansion]·膀胱区(脊肋角)压痛[tenderness of bladder region(costovertebral angle)]·肾(肝)区叩击病[percussion tenderness onkidney(liver) region]·移动性浊音[shiftingdullness]·鼓音[tympany(tampanitic resonance)]·肝(脾)浊音区[hepatic (splenic)dullness area]·肠鸣音正常(亢进、减弱、消失)[normal (hyperactive,diminished, absent) bowel sound]·气过水声[gurgling]·振水声[succusion(splashing)sound]2、常见症状·[Fever] 发热·[Pain]疼痛·[Edema] 水肿·[Mucocutaneoushemorrhage(bleeding)]皮肤粘膜出血·[Dyspnea(Difficulyin breathing;Respiratory difficulty;short of breath)] 呼吸困难·[Coughand expectoration(Sputum;Phlegm)]咳嗽和咯痰·[Hemoptysis] 咯血·[Cyanosis]紫绀·[Palpitation]心悸·[Chest discomfort] 胸闷·[Nausea(Retch;DryV omiting)and V omiting]恶心和呕吐·[Hematemesis(V omitingof blood)]呕血·[Hematochezia (Hemafecia)]便血·[Diarrhea] 腹泻·[Constipation (Obstipation)]便秘·[Vertigo (Giddiness;Dizziness)]眩晕·[Jaundice(Icterus)] 黄疸·[Convulsion]惊厥·[Disturbance of consciousness] 意识障碍·[Hematuria] 血尿·[Frequentmicturition,urgentmicturition and dysuria]尿频,尿急和尿痛·[Incontinenceof urine] 尿失禁·[Retention of urine]尿潴留(1)发热的表示方法·[Infective (Septic)fever] 感染性发热·[Non-infective(Aseptic)fever]非感染性发热·[Dehydration(Inanition)fever] 脱水热·[Drugfever]药物热·[Functional hypothermia]功能性低热·[Absorption fever]吸收热·[Centralfever] 中枢性发热·[Fever type] 热型▲[Continuous fever]稽留热▲[Remittentfever]驰张热▲[Intermittent fever]间歇热▲[Undulant fever] 波状热▲[Recurrentfever]回归热▲[Periodic fever]周期热▲[Irregularfever]不规则热▲[Ephemeralfever]短暂热▲[Doublepeaked fever]双峰热·[Feverof undetermined(unknown) origin,FUO]不明原因发热·[Rigor(shivering;chill;shakingchill;ague)] 寒战·[ChillySensation(Fell chilly;coldfits;coldness)]畏寒·[Ultra-hyperpyrexia]超高热·[Hyperthermia(A high fever;hyperpyrexia;ardentfever)]高热·[Moderate fever] 中度发热·[Hypothermia (Low—grade fever;slight fever;subfebrile temperature)] 低热·[Becomefeverish(Have a temperature)]发热·[Crisis]骤降·[Lysis]渐降·[Rheumatic fever]风湿热·[Cancerous fever] 癌性发热·[Fervescenceperiod]升热期·[Defervescence period]退热期·[Persistent febrile period] 持续发热期(2)疼痛的表示方法·[Backache(Backpain)] 背痛·[Lumbago] 腰痛·[Headache] 头痛▲[Vasomotor headache]血管舒缩性头痛▲[Migraine headache] 偏头痛·[Chest pain]胸痛·[Precardial pain] 心前区痛·[Retrosternal pain]胸骨后痛·[Abdominal pain(Stomachache)] 腹痛·[Acrodynia(pain in limbs)] 肢体痛·[Arthrodynia (Arthralgia)] 关节痛·[Dull pain]钝痛·[Sharp pain]锐痛·[Twingepain]刺痛·[Knife-likepain (Piercing pain)] 刀割(刺)样痛·[Achingpain]酸痛·[Burningpain] 烧灼痛·[Colicky (Griping;cramp)pain] 绞痛·[Colic] 绞痛·[Bursting pain]胀痛(撕裂痛)·[Hunger pain] 饥饿痛·[Ticpain] 抽搐痛·[Bearing—down pain]坠痛·[Shock—like pain] 电击样痛·[Jumping pain]反跳痛·[Tenderness pain] 触痛(压痛)·[Girdle—like pain]束带样痛·[Wandering pain]游走性痛·[Throbbing pain] 搏动性痛·[Radiating pain] 放射性痛·[Crampingpain] 痉挛性痛·[Boring pain]钻痛·[Intensepain]剧痛·[Dragging pain]牵引痛·[Labor pain]阵痛·[Cancerous pain]癌性疼痛·[Referred pain]牵涉痛·[Persistent pain(Unremittingpain)] 持续性痛·[Constantpain]经常性痛·[Intermittent pain]间歇性痛(3)水肿的表示方法·[Mucous edema (Myxedema)] 粘液性水肿·[Cardiac (Cardiogenic) edema]心源性水肿·[Nephrotic (renal)edema] 肾源性水肿·[Hepatic edema]肝源性水肿·[Alimentary (Nutritional)edema] 营养不良性水肿·[Angioneurotic edema] 血管神经性水肿·[Pitting] 凹陷性·[Nonpitting]非凹陷性·[Localized (Local) edema] 局限性水肿·[Generalized edema (Anasarca)]全身性水肿·[Hydrops]积水·[Cerebral(Brain)edema] 脑水肿·[Pulmonary edema(Hydropneumonia0] 肺水肿·[Hydrocephalus]脑积水·[Invisible (Recessive) edema]隐性水肿·[Frankedema]显性水肿·[Inflammatoryedema]炎性水肿·[Idiopathic edema] 特发性水肿·[Cyclical edema] 周期性水肿·[Ascites (Abdominal effusion;hydroperiotoneum)]腹水·[Pleural effusion(Hydrothorax)]胸水·[Pericardialeffusion(Hydropericardium)] 心包积液·[Bronchoedema] 支气管水肿·[Slight(Mild)]轻度·[Moderate] 中度·[Serious]重度·[Transudate] 漏出液·[Exudate] 渗出液(4)呼吸困难的表示方法·[Cardiacdyspnea] 心原性呼吸困难·[Inspiratory]吸气性·[Expiratory] 呼气性·[Mixed] 混合性·[Obstructive] 梗阻性·[Dyspnea at rest] 静息时呼吸困难·[Dyspneaon exertion] 活动时呼吸困难·[Dyspneaonlying down]躺下时呼吸困难·[Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea,PND]夜间阵发性呼吸困难·[Orthopnea] 端坐呼吸·[Asthma] 哮喘·[Cardiac asthma] 心源性哮喘·[Bronchial asthma]支气管性哮喘·[Hyperpnea]呼吸深快·[Periodicbreathing]周期性呼吸·[Tachypnea(Rapid orfast breathing;accelerated breathing;short ofbreath)]气促·[Bradypnea(Slowbreathing)] 呼吸缓慢·[Irregularbreathing] 不规则呼吸(5)皮肤粘膜出血的表示方法·[Bleeding spots intheskin]皮肤出血点·[Petechia] 瘀点·[Eccymosis]瘀斑·[Purpura] 紫癜·[Splinter hemorrhage] 片状出血·[Oozing of the blood (Errhysis)] 渗血·[Hemorrhinia (Nasalbleeding)]鼻衄·[Ecchymoma] 皮下血肿(6)咳嗽与咯痰的表示方法·[Drycough (Nonproductive cough;hacking cough)] 干咳·[Sharp cough] 剧咳·[Wetcough(Moistcough)] 湿咳·[Productive cough (Loose cough)] 排痰性咳·[Chronic cough] 慢性咳嗽·[Irritable cough] 刺激性咳嗽·[Paroxysmalcough] 发作性(阵发性)咳嗽·[Cough continually] 持续性咳嗽·[Spasmodic cough]痉挛性咳嗽·[Whooping cough]百日咳·[Wheezingcough]喘咳·[Short cough] 短咳·[Distressed cough]难咳·[Droplet]飞沫·[Frothy sputum] 泡沫样痰·[Bloodysputum]血痰·[Mucous(Mucoid) sputum] 粘液样痰·[Purulent sputum]脓痰·[Mucopurulentsputum]粘液脓性痰·[White (Yellow,green)sputum]白(黄,绿)痰·[Fetid(Foul) sputum] 恶臭痰·[Iron—rust (Rusty)sputum]铁锈色痰·[Chocolatecoloured sputum]巧克力色痰·[Thick sputum]浓痰·[Thinsputum]淡痰·[Viscous sputum] 粘痰·[Transparent sputum]透明痰·[Much (Largeamounts of)sputum]大量痰·[Moderate amounts of sputum]中等量痰·[Not much (Small amounts of) sputum]少量痰(7)内脏出血的表示方法·[Massivehematemesis]大量呕血·[Epistasis (Nosebleed;Nasal bleeding;Hemorrhinia;rhinorrhagia)]鼻衄·[Hematuria]血尿·[Initial hematuria] 初血尿·[Idiopathic hematuria] 特发性血尿·[Painless hematuria]无痛性血尿·[Terminal hematuria]终末性血尿·[Gross (Macroscopic) hematuria] 肉眼血尿·[Microscopic hematuria]镜下血尿·[Hematuria in the whole processofurination] 全程血尿·[Gingivalbleeding (Ulaemorrhagia;gum bleeding)]牙龈出血·[Hematochezia]便血·[Bloodystool] 血便·[Black stool(Melena)]黑便·[Tarry stool] 柏油样便·[Occult blood,OB] 隐血·[Hemathorax]血胸··[Hematocoelia]腹腔积血·[Hematoma]血肿·[Hemopericardium] 心包积血·[Cerebral hemorrhage]脑出血·[Subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)] 蛛网膜下腔出血·[Excessive(Heavy) menstrual flowwith passage ofclots]月经量多伴血块·[Mild (Moderate)menses] 月经量少(中等)(8)紫绀的表示方法·[Congenital cyanosis]先天性紫绀·[Enterogenous]肠源性·[Central]中枢性·[Peripheral]周围性·[Mixed]混合性·[Acrocyanosis] 指端紫绀(9)恶心与呕吐的表示方法·[Vomiturition(Retching)]干呕·[Feel nauseated] 恶心感·[Postprandialnausea] 饭后恶心·[Hiccup] 呃逆·[Sour regurgitation]返酸·[undigested food V omiting]吐不消化食物·[BiliousVomiting] 吐胆汁(10)腹泻与便秘的表示方法·[Moning diarrhea]晨泻·[Watery (Liquid)diarrhea] 水泻·[Mucous diarrhea] 粘液泻·[Fatty diarrhea]脂肪泻·[Chronic (Acute)] 慢性(急性)·[Milddiarrhea] 轻度腹泻·[Intractable(Uncontrolled)diarrhea]难治性腹泻·[Protracted diarrhea] 迁延性腹泻·[Bloody stool]血梗·[Frothy stool] 泡沫样便·[Formless(Formed)stool] 不成形(成形)便·[Loose (Hard)stool]稀(硬)便·[Rice—water stool]米泔样便·[Undigested stool]不消化便·[Dysenteric diarrhea] 痢疾样腹泻·[Inflammatorydiarrhea] 炎症性腹泻·[Osmotic] 渗透性·[Secretory]分泌性·[Malabsorption] 吸收不良性·[Lienteric]消化不良性·[Pancreatic diarrhea]胰性腹泻·[Tenesmus]里急后重·[Pass a stool (Have apassage;open orrelax the bowel)] 解大便·[Have a call ofnature] 便意·[Fecal incontinence(Copracrasia)] 大便失禁·[Functional constipation] 功能性便秘·[Organic constipation] 器质性便秘·[Habitualconstipation] 习惯性便秘·[Have atendency to be constipated] 便秘倾向(11)黄疸的表示方法·[Latent (occult)jaundice] 隐性黄疸·[Clinicalejaundic] 显性黄疸·[Nuclear icterus]核黄疸·[Physiologic icterus] 生理性黄疸·[Icterus simplex]传染性黄疸·[Toxemicicterus]中毒性黄疸·[Hemolytic ejaundic ] 溶血性黄疸·[Hepatocellular]肝细胞性·[Obstructive]阻塞性·[Congenital]先天性·[Familial] 家族性·[Cholestatic]胆汁淤积性·[Hematogenous]血源性·[Malignant] 恶性·[Painless]无痛性(12)意识障碍的表示方法·[Somnolence]嗜睡·[Confusion] 意识模糊·[Stupor]昏睡·[Coma]昏迷·[Delirium] 谵妄·[Syncope (swoon;faint)]晕厥·[Drowsiness] 倦睡(13)排尿的表示方法·[Anuria]无尿·[Nocturia] 夜尿·[Oliguria]少尿·[Polyuria]多尿·[Pass water (Make water; urinate; micturition)]排尿·[Frequentmicturition(Frequency of micturition;fruquent urinatio n;Pollakiuria)]尿频·[Urgent micturition (Urgencyof urinationor micturition)]尿急·[Urodynia (Pain on micturition; painful micturition; alginuresis;micturition pain)]尿痛·[Dysuria(Difficulty in micturition;disturbance of micturition)]排尿困难3.少见症状·[Weekness(Debility; asthenia;debilitating)]虚弱(无力)·[Fatigue (Tire;lassitude)] 疲乏·[Wasting(thin;underweight; emaciation; lean)] 消瘦·[Night sweating] 盗汗·[Sweat (Perspiration)]出汗·[Cold sweat] 冷汗·[Pruritus (Iching)]搔痒·[Asthma] 气喘·[Squeezing (Tightness;choking;pressing)sensationof the chest] 胸部紧缩(压榨)感·[Intermittent claudication]间歇性跛行·[Difficulty in swallowing(Dysphagia;difficultswallowing;acataposis)]吞咽困难·[Epigastric (Upper abdominal)discomfort]上腹部不适·[Anorexia(Sitophobia)] 厌食·[Poor appetite (Loss of appetite)]纳差·[Heart—burn(Pyrosis)]胃灼热·[Stomachache(Painin stomach)] 胃部痛·[Periumbilial pain] 脐周痛·[Belching (Eructation)]嗳气·[Sour regurgitation] 返酸·[Abdominaldistention(bloating)]腹胀·[Pass gas(Breakwink)] 肛门排气·[Small(Large)stool]大便少(多)·[Painover the liver]肝区痛·[Lumbago]腰痛·[Pica(Parorexia;allotriophagy)]异食癖·[Menoxenia (Irregular menstruation)]月经不调·[Jointpain(Arthralgia; arthrodynia)]关节痛·[Polydipsia (Excessive thirst)] 多饮(烦渴)·[Polyphagia(Excessive appetite; hyperorexia;bulimia)] 多食·[Cold(Heat) intolerance]怕冷(热)·[Dwarfism(Excessiveheight)]身材矮小(高大)·[Excessive sweating] 多汗·[Handstremble] 手抖·[Obesity(Fatty)]肥胖·[Agitation(Anxiety;nervous irritability)]焦虑(忧虑)·[Formication]蚁走感·[Tingling]麻刺感·[Hyperpathia]痛觉过敏·[Hypalgesia] 痛觉减退·[Insomnia(Poor sleepness;sleeplessness)]失眠·[Numbness]麻木·[Limitation of motion]活动受限·[Tetany]手足抽搐·[Dischargeofpus]流脓·[Blurred vision(Hazyvision;blurring ofvision; dimnessof vision)]视物模糊·[Burning (Dry) sensation] 烧灼(干燥)感·[Tearing (Dacryorrhea;Lacrimation)]流泪·[Doublevision (Diplopia)]复视·[Strabismus]斜视·[Hemianopia] 偏盲·[Foreign bodysensation]异物感·[Lose the sight(Loseof vision)]失明·[Diminution ofvision]视力减退·[Photophobia] 畏光·[Tinnitus]耳鸣·[Nasal obstruction(blockage)]鼻塞·[Dryness of thenose] 鼻干燥·[Rhinorrhea(Snivel;Nasal discharge)] 流鼻涕·[Sneezing]打喷嚏·[Snoring]打鼾·[Hyposmia(Reduction of thesenseof smell)] 嗅觉减退·[Anosmia (Completeloss of sense of smell)]嗅觉丧失·[Dysphonia]发音困难·[Hoarseness]声嘶·[Pain on swallowing]吞咽痛·[Saliva dribblies from the mouth]流涎·[Troaty voice]声音沙哑·[Stridor]喘鸣·[Redand swollen]红肿·[Apathy]情感淡漠医学专业英语·[Delusion]妄想11 / 11。

测量生命体征

测量生命体征
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心率(Heart Rate)
2.2 注意事项
对于正常窦性心律:心率在60-100次/分之间 为正常范围。但对于一些特殊人群,如运动 员或老年人,心率的正常范围可能偏低
心率过快可能导致心脏负担加重:需要进行 进一步的评估和治疗
心率过慢(低于50次/分)可能与心脏疾病有关 :需要及时就医
测量血氧饱和度时,需要将血氧仪探 头插入指尖、耳垂或足部等部位,按 照规定的方法进行测量。一般情况下 ,血氧饱和度的正常范围为94%-100
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THANKS
感谢观看
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PART 2
心率(Heart Rate)
心率(Heart Rate)
2.1 测量方法
心率可以通过心脏听诊、心电图和心 率监测仪等方法来测量 心脏听诊是通过听诊器听取心脏搏动 声音来评估心率,需要有经验的专业 人员操作。心电图是记录心脏电活动 的图形,可以反映心率、心律及心脏 供血情况。心率监测仪则是一种便携 式设备,可实时监测心率和心律
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体温(Temperature)
1.2 注意事项
在测量体温前30分钟内:避免剧烈 运动、进食、喝热饮等行为,以免 影响测量结果
测量体温时:应保持体温计水银柱 在35℃以下,避免折断体温计
对于儿童和意识不清的患者:需在 他人辅助下测量体温
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测量生命体征
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什么是生命体征英语作文

什么是生命体征英语作文

什么是生命体征英语作文What are the vital signs of life?Vital signs are measurements of the body's most basic functions. They are useful in monitoring a person's health and can help detect potential medical problems. The four main vital signs are body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure.Body temperature is a measure of the body's ability to generate and get rid of heat. The normal body temperatureis around 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius). Abnormal body temperatures can indicate a fever or hypothermia, both of which can be signs of illness.Pulse rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute. A normal resting heart rate for adults is between60 and 100 beats per minute. A higher or lower pulse rate can indicate various health conditions, such as dehydration, heart disease, or anemia.Respiration rate is the number of breaths taken per minute. A normal respiration rate for adults is between 12 and 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal breathing rates can bea sign of respiratory problems, such as asthma or pneumonia.Blood pressure is the force of blood against the wallsof the arteries. A normal blood pressure reading is around 120/80 mmHg. High blood pressure (hypertension) can lead to serious health problems, such as heart disease and stroke.In addition to these four vital signs, other measurements can also provide valuable information about a person's health. These include oxygen saturation levels, which measure the amount of oxygen in the blood, and pain levels, which can indicate underlying medical conditions.Overall, vital signs are important indicators of a person's health and can help healthcare providers diagnose and treat medical conditions. Monitoring these signs regularly can help ensure early detection of potentialhealth problems and improve overall well-being.。

生命体征ENGLISH

生命体征ENGLISH

希望同学们能掌握以下英语单词:生命体征(vital signs)体温(body temperature)体温过高(hyperthermia)又称发热(fever)热型(fever type)稽留热(constant fever)弛张热(remittent fever)间歇热(intermittent fever)不规则热(irregular fever)体温过低(hypothermia)脉搏(pulse)速脉(tachycardia)缓脉(bradyycardia)间歇脉(intermittent pulse)脉搏短绌(pulse deficit)洪脉(bounding pulse)丝脉(small pulse)交替脉(alternating pulse)奇脉(paradoxical pulse)水冲脉(water hammer pulse)血压(blood pressure)收缩压(systolic pressure)舒张压(diastolic pressure)脉压(pulse pressure)平均动脉压(mean arterial pressure)高血压(hypertension)低血压(hypotension)呼吸(respiration)呼吸增快(techypnea)呼吸减慢(bradypnea)库斯莫氏呼吸(Kussmaul`s respiration)潮式呼吸(Cheyne-Stoke`s respiration)间断呼吸(Biot`s respiration)蝉鸣样呼吸(strident respiration)鼾声呼吸(stertorous respiration)呼吸困难(dyspnea)体温的测量(measuring body temperature)脉搏的测量(measuring pulse)血压的测量(measuring blood pressure)呼吸的测量(measuring respiration)吸痰法(aspiration of sputum)氧气疗法(oxygenic therapy)。

Vital Signs生命体征

Vital Signs生命体征

Vital Signs生命体征Vital signs are measurements used to evaluate a patient’s condition. The vital signs include body temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate. Although not strictly considered a vital sign, blood pressure is also included. In some settings, the rating of pain intensity is called “the fifth vital sign” because it is so important to the well-being of the patient.生命体征测量用于评估病人的病情。

生命体征包括体温、脉搏和呼吸率。

虽然不是严格意义上的生命迹象,血压也包括在内。

在一些设置,评级的疼痛强度称为“第五生命迹象”,因为它是如此重要的病人的福祉。

Body Temperature体温Body temperature is measured by a clinical thermometer, and it represents a balance between the heat produced and lost by the body. The decision as to how a temperature should be measured will depend on several factors. In some instances, the physician will specify which method to use. Other factors are related to the condition of the patient. For example, you would never measure an oral(in the mouth)temperature on an unconscious or very confused patient who might accidentally bite down on the thermometer. Generally, a rectal temperature is ordered when the patient:体温是由一个体温计测量,它代表之间的平衡生产和失去的热量的身体。

四大生命体征标准值指南

四大生命体征标准值指南

四大生命体征标准值指南英文回答:As a healthcare professional, I often refer to the four vital signs when assessing a patient's health status. These vital signs include temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate. Each of these signs providesimportant information about a person's overall well-being.Let's start with temperature. The normal body temperature for adults is around 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit or 37 degrees Celsius. However, it's important to rememberthat individual variations are common. For example, some people may have a slightly lower or higher baseline temperature. When assessing temperature, it's essential to consider factors such as time of day, activity level, and external environment.Next, we have heart rate. A normal resting heart ratefor adults is typically between 60 to 100 beats per minute.Regular exercise and cardiovascular fitness can lead to a lower resting heart rate, while certain medical conditions or medications may cause it to be higher. It's important to monitor heart rate during physical activity and in response to stress or illness.Moving on to blood pressure, the standard range for adults is usually around 120/80 mmHg. However, blood pressure can fluctuate throughout the day due to factors like stress, diet, and physical activity. High blood pressure (hypertension) or low blood pressure (hypotension) can indicate underlying health issues that may require medical attention.Lastly, we have respiratory rate. The normal breathing rate for adults is typically between 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Like other vital signs, respiratory rate can vary based on factors such as age, fitness level, and medical conditions. Monitoring respiratory rate is crucial in assessing lung function and oxygenation.In conclusion, understanding and monitoring the fourvital signs is essential in evaluating a person's health status. By regularly checking these signs and recognizing any deviations from normal values, healthcare providers can identify potential issues and intervene promptly to ensure the well-being of their patients.中文回答:作为一名医疗专业人士,我经常在评估患者的健康状况时参考四大生命体征。

生命体征1xue

生命体征1xue

• 三高(患病率/致残率/死亡率)
• 三低(知晓率/治疗率/控制率)
2)患病人群年轻化:老年→中/青年/少年
3)发病相关因素:15%遗传,60%生活方式

(2)中国高血压的分类标准
分级 收缩压(mmHg) 舒张压(mmHg) <80 80-89 ≥ 90 90-99 100-109 ≥110 < 90 正常血压 <120 正常高值 120-139 高血压 ≥140 1级高血压(轻度) 140-159 2级高血压(中度) 160-179 3级高血压(重度) ≥180 单纯收缩期高血压 ≥140 和 和(或) 和(或) 和(或) 和(或) 和(或) 和
生活方式与高血压
★减少盐的摄入(少酱油、酱料、咸菜、高盐零食) • WHO建议:≤5g盐/天/人(钠≤1.6g) 平的1啤酒瓶盖(去胶垫)盐= 6g盐; • 食盐定量用具;1陶瓷勺酱油(3ml)=1g盐 • 无盐饮食: 食物中钠<1000mg/天(3g盐) • 可用非调味品如醋、葱、蒜、辣椒、芥末等增 加食欲
生活方式与高血压
(2)油脂、饱和脂肪摄入过多
1)机理:血脂↑→血液粘稠度↑→血循环阻力 ↑→血压↑、血管壁受损↑、心脏负荷↑→血 管破裂、堵塞,心衰↑
2)预防:减少用油、动物脂肪饮食 • 食油<25g/天(WHO推荐) • 少动物脂肪(猪油/黄油/肥肉--饱和脂肪)<40 g/天 • 多鱼类(不饱和脂肪↑)
(18.7-21.3/10.7-12)
10-13岁 110/6(14/8.7)
1kPa=7.5 mmHg 1mmHg=0.13kPa
疼痛(pain)
1、列为生命体征的原因 研究显示: (1)疼痛的普遍性 • 有100多种疾病会引起不同程度的疼痛。 (2)疼痛的危害 • 长期慢性疼痛刺激→中枢神经系统病理性重 构→疼痛的进展更难控制。及早控制疼痛, 可延缓这一过程的发展。 • 慢性疼痛不仅是一种痛苦的感觉体验,可以 严重影响躯体和社会功能(生活质量下降)。

医学英语美文阅读:生命体征vitalsigns

医学英语美文阅读:生命体征vitalsigns

医学英语美文阅读:生命体征vitalsigns医学英语美文阅读:生命体征vital signs导语:生命体征就是用来判断病人的病情轻重和危急程度的指征。

生命四大体征包括呼吸、体温、脉搏、血压,医学办称为四大体征。

下面是小编为您收集整理的关于生命体征英语美文,欢迎阅读!生命体征vital signsVital signs, or signs of life, include the following objective measures for a person: temperature, respiratory rate, heart beat (pulse), and blood pressure. When these values are not zero, they indicate that a person is alive. All of these vital signs can be observed, measured, and monitored. This will enable the assessment of the level at which an individual is functioning. Normal ranges of measurements of vital signs change with age and medical condition.生命体征包括对个人所测的下列客观数据:体温、呼吸率、心率(脉搏)和血压。

只要这些值不为0,就表明这个人是有生命的。

生命体征可以观察、测量和监护,可以据此评估个体的功能水平。

所测得的生命体征正常范围因年龄及身体状况不同而发生变化。

The purpose of recording vital signs is to establish a baseline on admission to a hospital, clinic, professional office, or other encounter with a health care provider. Vital signs may be recorded by a nurse, physician, physician's assistant, or other health care professional. The health care professional has the responsibility of interpreting data and identifying any abnormalities from a person's normal state, and of establishing if current treatment or medications are having the desired effect.记录生命体征的目的是在病人到医院、诊所、诊室或其他健康保健部门就诊时为其建立一个基础数据。

生命体征定义

生命体征定义

生命体征定义
生命体征是指人体进行正常生理活动的可测量的指标或表现,用于评估一个人的身体状况和健康状况。

常见的生命体征包括体温、脉搏、呼吸、血压等。

- 体温:指人体内部的温度。

正常体温范围通常是36.5C-37.5C。

- 脉搏:指心脏每分钟跳动的次数。

正常成年人的脉搏范围是60-100次/分钟。

- 呼吸:指每分钟呼吸的次数。

正常成年人的呼吸范围是12-20次/分钟。

- 血压:指血液通过血管对血管壁施加的压力。

通常用两个数值表示,收缩压和舒张压。

正常血压范围是收缩压120mmHg左右,舒张压80mmHg左右。

通过监测和评估这些生命体征,医生可以判断一个人的身体状况、诊断疾病,以及评估治疗效果。

同时,生命体征也可以用于判断一个人是否处于危险状态或需要紧急处理。

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希望同学们能掌握以下英语单词:
生命体征(vital signs)
体温(body temperature)
体温过高(hyperthermia)又称发热(fever)热型(fever type)
稽留热(constant fever)
弛张热(remittent fever)
间歇热(intermittent fever)
不规则热(irregular fever)
体温过低(hypothermia)
脉搏(pulse)
速脉(tachycardia)
缓脉(bradyycardia)
间歇脉(intermittent pulse)
脉搏短绌(pulse deficit)
洪脉(bounding pulse)
丝脉(small pulse)
交替脉(alternating pulse)
奇脉(paradoxical pulse)
水冲脉(water hammer pulse)
血压(blood pressure)
收缩压(systolic pressure)
舒张压(diastolic pressure)
脉压(pulse pressure)
平均动脉压(mean arterial pressure)
高血压(hypertension)
低血压(hypotension)
呼吸(respiration)
呼吸增快(techypnea)
呼吸减慢(bradypnea)
库斯莫氏呼吸(Kussmaul`s respiration)潮式呼吸(Cheyne-Stoke`s respiration)间断呼吸(Biot`s respiration)
蝉鸣样呼吸(strident respiration)
鼾声呼吸(stertorous respiration)
呼吸困难(dyspnea)
体温的测量(measuring body temperature)脉搏的测量(measuring pulse)
血压的测量(measuring blood pressure)
呼吸的测量(measuring respiration)
吸痰法(aspiration of sputum)
氧气疗法(oxygenic therapy)。

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