2021届九年级英语全册人教版课件：第十四单元测试卷
2021年中考英语人教版复习 第一部分·第二十二讲·九年级 Unit 13—Unit 14 课件
环境保护 典例剖析
①If everyone... I believe that ... 结尾:表达自 ②I hope/wish... 己的愿望。 ③I'm looking forward to...
④With the help of all the students, I believe we can...
环境保护 典例剖析
Hello, everyone! It's our duty to protect and improve our school environment. I think each of us can do something.______________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
考点2 afford的用法
好题在线
4.Life is too short. We cannot afford ___t_o___waste any second of it. 5.Steven was from a poor family. His parents _c_o_u_l_d__ not afford to buy
Unit+14 Section+B+(1a-Self 人教版英语九年级全册
深读 请全面理解课文内容，并完成下列各小题。 A. 选择填空 (D)1. Where does the passage probably come from? A. A science fiction. B. A film poster. C. An adventure story. D. A school newspaper.
课堂导学
课文理解 详读 请阅读课文2b短文，用完整的句子回答下列问题。 1. Where was the graduation ceremony held? _I_t/_T_h_e__g_r_a_d_u_a_t_io_n__c_e_re_m__o_n_y__w_a_s_h_e_l_d_a_t__N_o_._3_J_u_n_i_o_r_H__ig_h__S_c_h_o_o_l_. ___ 2. What are the young adults at the ceremony like? _T_h_e_y_/_T_h_e_y_o_u_n__g_a_d_u_l_t_s _a_t_t_h_e_c_e_r_e_m_o_n_y__a_r_e_f_u_l_l _o_f _h_o_p_e_f_o_r_t_h_e__fu_t_u_r_e_.
4. Although there are difficulties a_h__ea_d__ of us, we won't give up trying. 5. Some of the apples are bad, so please s_e_p_a_r_a_t_e__ them from the good ones. 6. After thinking twice, the _m__a_n_a_g_e_r_ (经理) had no choice but to change his idea. 7. I'd like to c_o_n__g_ra_t_u_l_a_te___ you on your excellent exam results. 8. We should be __t_h_a_n_k_f_u_l_ (感谢) to those who have ever helped and supported us.
Unit14-知识点归纳-2021-2022学年九年级英语人教版全册
U n i t14一、重点词组与句子Section A1. win a prize 获奖2. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事3. be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求be strict in sth. 对某事严格要求4. help sb. with sth. = help (sb.) do sth. 帮助某人做某事with the help of sb. = with one’s help 在某人的帮助下without one’s help 没有某人的帮助help oneself to sb. 随便吃……help sb. out 帮助某人解决难题（摆脱困境）can’t (couldn’t) help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事；忍不住做某事5. learn about 了解；知道learn from sb. 向某人学习learn … by oneself = teach oneself 自学6. advise doing sth. 建议做某事7. advise sb (not ) to do sth. 建议某人（不）做某事advise sb. on / about sth.关于…给某人忠告/ 建议8. take the medicine 服药the medicine for 治……的药9. on sb’s instructions 遵照某人的指示10. be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心be patient of sth. 忍耐某事11. work out 解决；算出；结果为work out fine / well 奏效；效果很好12. no matter what = whatever 无论什么；不管什么no matter how = however 无论怎样；不管怎样no matter where = wherever 无论哪里no matter who = whoever 无论谁；不管谁no matter when = whenever 无论什么时候13. guide sb. to do sth. 指导某人做某事guide sb. to + 地点名词指引某人去某地14. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事encourage sb. in sth. 在…方面鼓励15. put in 投入；花费put off 推迟；拖延put out 伸出；扑灭put on 穿戴；上映put … down 记下；放下；镇压put away 把……收起来放好put … into …把……翻译成……put back 放回；把（钟）拨慢；推迟；阻碍put one’s heart into 全神贯注于；用心去做put up with 容忍put up 张贴；举起16. prepare for = get ready for 为……作准备prepare to do sth. = get ready to do sth. 准备做某事17. make a mess 弄得一团糟in a mess 乱七八糟18. get … from …从……得到……get to 到达get angry 生气；发怒get in/on 上车get off 下车get good grades 取得好成绩19. have problems with sth. = have problems (in) doing sth.= have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事很费劲/ 有困难；在某方面有困难20. go by （时间）过去；消逝1. Which teachers will you miss the most after junior high school ? 初中毕业后你最想念哪几位老师？2. I know that Mrs. Lee was always patient with you in math class.我知道在数学课上李老师总是对你很有耐心。
2020-2021学年人教版英语九年级 Unit14单元测试(有答案)
Unit14 单元限时检测满分:100 时间:60分钟1.单项选择（15分）1.Welcome you all to China and enjoy ________ here.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.themselvesD.himself2 -Could you tell me how long ________the hook?-At most one month.A.I can keepB.can I borrowC.I can borrowD.can I keep3-Why are you worried?－I'm expecting a call from my daughter. She ________New York for three days.A. has left forB.has been toC.has been inD.has come in4-Do you remember ________ me in Kunming?－Yes,of course.Two years ago.A.to seeB.seeC.seeingD.saw5 Please remember the following things when you are in the museum.________,don't touch the things. Second, don't make noise.A.First of allB.By the wayC.In factD.So far6.He used to ____problems________ along with his classmates, but he can get on well with them now.A.have;getB.has;getsC.have;gettingD.having;getting7.-Well,it is time to________.－So it is. Otherwise , we may miss the train.A.take upB.set upC.take outD.set out8.-Congratulations!You have won the first prize in the English Contest.-________!A.Thank youB.Good ideaC.Of courseD. Enjoy yourself9.－When did the classroom have a power cut?－This morning,while we ________ a physics lesson.A.have hadB.were havingC.are havingD.will have10.With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ________in our families in the future.A.appearB.appearedC.will appearD.is appearing11.You can't imagine how much they ________knowledge!A.are thirsty forB.are famous forC.are good forD.is thirst for12.1'm________the trip during which we can go wherever we want to go.－You'll take me, and I'll take the money.A.taking part inB.taking care ofC.looking back atD.looking forward to13.As students,we should ________ourselves. We can't spend much time playing computer games.A.be responsible forB.be proud ofC.be popular withD.be thankful to14.-Can I come today or tomorrow? ________is OK. I'm busy today and tomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.EachD.None15.－Over 100 countries and organizations ________warm support to the Belt andRoad initiative(倡议）since 2013.－Wonderful!Our circle of friends is growing bigger!A.giveB.have givenC.gaveD.will giveII.完形填空（20分）When I first joined Mrs. Tippett's class , I could not pay attention to anything. I had hadreading problems___16____ was little. Many teachers did not understand my___17___.They thought I was a problem student. They gave up on me and I almost gave up on___18___ .When Mrs.Tippett began to teach us English, I did not think she was different from the other teachers. I quarreled with her almost every day.One day I said something___19___to her. This made me feel even worse. I decided to write “sorry” at the end of my homework paper the next day. To my _20 _, Mrs. Tippett did not shout at me. She took me to her office and told me that there was no real difference between me and my classmates. She said that I was as good as the other students.From that day on, Mrs. Tippett was even more ____21___ with me. I often got good words from her on my paper. This made me want to do ____22___.The next year,she sent me to a summer program to help with my studies.Now I am no longer in her class, but I will___23____forget her. She was the first teacher to show me ____24___ and concern(关怀）.She made me feel I was the same as other students.Most ___25____ of all,she made me believe that life was always full of sunshine, even at difficult moments.16.A.when B.since C.as D.because17.A.problems B.questions C.grades D.life18.A.my B.myself C.mine D.me19.A.special B.terrible C.surprising D.unexpected20.A.disappointment B.surprise C.feeling D.wish21.A.gentle B.generous C.strict D.mad22.A.better B.worse C.good D.bad23.A.ever B.never C.even D.else24.A.love B.hatred C.anger ugh25.A.impossible B.difficult C.important D.necessaryI.阅读理解（40分）AAdvice on Test TakingWhen you take tests, what should you do?★ Read the directions carefully.This may help you avoid careless mistakes.★If there is time, look through the test paper quickly.If possible, you can take short notes that come to your mind on the test paper or answer sheet. But ask if that is allowed!★ Answer questions in the right order:（1)Answer easy questions first to build confidence(信心）.It may also help you answer more difficult questions.（2)Then answer difficult questions or the most important ones.If you need to choose answers,first find those answers that you know wrong,or most likely wrong.If there are two answers with similar ideas,both of them may be wrong.Thenchoose the best answer.If you still can't tell the right one, believe the first one that comes to your mind. If you need to answer some questions, give a short description of your ideas and then put them in order.★ Review:Don't leave as soon as you have finished all the questions.Review your test paper to make sure that you*have answered all the questions;*do not choose answers that you don't really want;*do not make simple mistakes.26.Why is it important to read the directions carefully while taking a test?A. That can help us feel relaxed.B. That can help us forget the test.C. That can help us avoid careless mistakes.D. That can help us build confidence.27.If you are not sure of an answer,what should you do?A. Read the directions for many times.B. Answer questions in the right order.C.Quickly look through the test.D.Believe the first one that comes to my mind.28.How many purposes does the writer give of reviewing the test paper?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.29. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.We shouldn't leave as soon as we finish the questions.B.We should answer easy questions first,then difficult questions.C.If there are two answers with similar ideas,we can choose either.D.When we choose answers,we can first find those wrong answers.30.What is the passage mainly about?A.How to read.B.How to answer questions.C.How to review a test.D.How to take a test.BIn American schools there is something called homecoming.Many high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game.This can be the most important thing of the year except graduation or commencement(毕业典礼）.Students plan homecoming for many weeks before the day.Several days before homecoming,students start to decorate the school.There are signs to wish good luck to the team, and many other signs to welcome all the students.Many people still come to homecoming twenty or thirty years after they leave school.During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago. Often they see old friends and they talk together about those happy years in school.Everyone soon comes to watch the football game.When the game comes to thehalf-time,the band comes onto the field and plays school songs.Another important moment in when the homecoming queen or king appears.All the students vote a most popular student as homecoming queen or king. It is a great honor to be chosen.Home coming is a happy day, but it is not perfect unless the football team wins the game.Even if the team loses,the students still enjoy homecoming.Some stay at the school to dance, and others go to a party. For everyone, it is a day worth remembering.31 The most important thing of the year in high schools and colleges in America is______.A.homecomingB. the football gameC.graduationD.to go to a party32 When do students begin to prepare everything for homecoming?A.The day before homecoming.B.Many weeks before homecoming.C. At the beginning of each term.D.Three days before homecoming.33. Which of the following is NOT done on homecoming?A.To see old friends.B.To call on teachers they remember.C.To watch the football game.D.To see their parents in the school.34.The underlined word “vote”in the passage means ______A.callB.chooseC.giveD.show35.Who can probably become homecoming queen or king?A. The student who is liked most by the others.B.The guest who is most popular with the students.C.The student who is liked most by the teachers.D.The player who plays best in the football game.CDo you know that the games you play with children can influence their interest in math and science as they grow older? Young children are easily able to learn concepts(概念）such as big and small, high and low,fast and slow,and heavy and light,but by helping children learn these concepts,you are helping them develop an interest in math and science.When parents encourage their children to ask questions and help their children explore and discover the natural world,they are helping build an interest in math and science.Many scientists say that children who have such experiences when they are very young develop confidence in math and science that pays off as they get older.Here are some ideas for what you can do to help develop children's interest in math andscience. Go for a walk with your child. Take time to stop along the way and look at things that the child notices, such as flowers, animals and insects. Talk with the child about what you see and ask about what he or she sees.Draw pictures together. Draw a picture of what you have Been, whether it was on the front steps,in the backyard or something you can see from your window. Ask the child to draw a plant, an animal or a favorite place,and then ask him or her to tell you about the drawing.Turn a drawing into a story. Write down what your child says about the picture he or she just drew.Ask the child to make up a story about the picture, and keep it with otherartwork and stories he or she has developed.36. How can you help children become interested in math and science?A. By playing with them.B. By feeding them.C.By giving them books.D. By studying with them.37.What does the underlined phrase “pay off” mean in Chinese?A.还清B.奏效C.解雇D.得到教训38.Which of the following activities is NOT advised in the text?A. Having a walk with your child.B. Drawing pictures with your child.C. Turning the picture into a story.D. Listening to music with your child.39.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Asking questions can help children develop an interest in math.B. It's good for children to talk about what they see with their parents.C.You should ask children to tell a story before they start drawing.D. You should ask children to draw pictures of what they have seen.40.What does the passage mainly talk about?A. How to teach children to speak.B. How to build children's interest in math and science.C. How to teach children to dance.D. How to build children's interest in art.DA famous study was done in a school by a professor from a university.At the start of the school year,the teachers were given the names of five children.They were told that these five were the most excellent students in the class. But the fact was that these students were only average, and they were not the best students at all. Well, guess what? At the end of the year, all the five average students scored among the highest in the class.What made these average students change so much lo become top students? The only difference was the change in their teachers' attitude.Because the teachers believed that these five kids were lop students,they expected more from them. And so these five average students began to believe and expect more from themselves. So they worked harder to do as well as they could.Do you know that if you expect the best from people, they'll usually want lo give you their best? A great leader said,“Treat a person just how he appears to be on the outside, and you'll make him even worse. But treat a person like he's already a success, and you'll help make him the best he can be. "This is the true story of 7-year-old Johnny. His teacher got so angry with him that one day she said, "Johnny, you're the naughtiest (最调皮的）boy in this class. I'm sure you'llnever change. "The next year Johnny had a new teacher. And on the first day of class, she met with Johnny after school and said, “Johnny, I've heard a lot about you! But do you know that I don't believe a word of it?” And every day after that, this new teacher treated Johnny as if he was one of the smartest students even when Johnny did naughty things. Later on , Johnny became a school leader. That's the power of teachers' belief and attitude towards children.41. The professor started his research by .A.telling the five students to work harder than ever beforeB.teaching the five children himselfC.telling the teachers that the five students were the best in the classD. asking the five children to find a new teacher42. The five average students became top students mainly because ofA.the professor's studyB. the change in the professor's attitudeC.the teachers' hard workD. the change in the teachers' attitude43.Why did the writer tell us the story of 7-year-old Johnny?A.To show the importance of teachers' belief and altitude towards children.B.To show that the boy was clever enough.C. To let us know the famous boy.D. To let us know how good his new teacher was.44.According to the story, we can learn that _______.A. the research began at the end of the school yearB.the students scored highest only because they worked hardC. if you expect the most from people, you'll get the leastD. little Johnny liked his new teacher very much45. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. If you want to get more, you should have new teachers.B.Attitude and belief can change a child.C. A professor's study can help you score highest.D. Only teachers can make you a top student.IV.从方框中选取适当的句子完成对话（有多余项）（10分）A:Junior high school days are over. 46.____________B:Of course I do.A:47.____________B:I remember meeting all of my classmates and teachers here.A:Were your teachers strict with you?B:Not every teacher. 48.____________ We had to do our homework carefully to meet his standards.A:But he was good for you.B:You're right.49.____________A:Our English teacher.She was very kind and friendly to us.50.____________V.书面表达（15分）同学们，三年的初中生活就要结束了，在我们的成长过段中，既有快乐，也有烦恼。
2021年人教版英语中考教材考点梳理课件 九年级(全) Units 13—14 (1)
2.【2021原创】Fruit juice can be harmful to children’s teeth.(盲填)
against的用法 Two environmental groups against finning 反对“猎翅”的两个环保组织
against作介词,意为“反对”,表示反对做某事用“be against doing”,表示支持做某事用“be for doing”。如:
与那些过去三年和你相处那么久的人分开总是很难的。
separate作动词,在此处意为“(使)分开,(使)分离,把……隔开 ”。
Tom,I suppose,won’t be against the idea.我猜想汤姆不会反 对这个主意。 I am for the chairman’s plan.我赞成主席的计划。
gainst其他用法总结: (1)对抗、对阵。如: The experts have been discussing how to improve the fight against crime. 专家们一直在讨论如何加强打击犯罪的斗争。 (2)逆着。如: We were rowing against the current. 我们划着船逆流而上。
7.【2021原创】Each of them was surprised at his achievements when they got the news. (用be动词的适当形式填空)
set out的用法
As you set out on your new journey,you shouldn’t forget where you came from.当你踏上新的征程时,你不应该忘记你 来自哪里。
be harmful to意为“对……有害”,相当于“be bad for” 和“do harm to”。如:
人教版英语九年级全册Unit14 单元检测题
Unit14单元检测题一、单项选择1.______ the help of the teacher, we passed the exam.A. WithB. WithoutC. ByD. Under2.—I passed my driving test yesterday.—______ !A. Good luckB. CongratulationsC. Come onD. Cheers3. His grandpa lives ______ in a small house, but he doesn’t feel ______.A. lonely; aloneB. alone; lonelyC. lonely; lonelyD. alone; alone4.—Do you have any fun ______ together with the small children?—Yes. I’ve experienced nothing other than pleasure.A. to beB. beC. beingD. are5. There ______ a basketball match between Class One and Class Three this afternoon. A. will have B. is going to beC. are going to beD. is going to have6. I remember ______ a prize in an English contest two years ago.A. to winB. winningC. winD. won7.______ it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up.A. No matter whatB. No matter how hardC. No matter whenD. No matter where8. I don’t want you to ______ here, because I eat and sleep here.A. make a mistakeB. make facesC. make a messD. make friends9. It’s time ______ the English class. Please be quiet.A. haveB. havingC. to haveD. has10. I’ll never ______ what I’m doing, even though many people think it impossible for me to make it.A. give inB. give toC. give outD. give up11. Our English teacher is very nice. We ______ friends since three years ago.A. wereB. becameC. have beenD. have made12. He ______ go out with his parents, but now he ______ staying at home alone.A. used to; is used toB. is used to; used toC. use to; is used toD. is used to; use to13. He will ______ an important meeting tomorrow.A. joinB. attendC. take partD. be in14. I ______ you, but I don’t ______ you this time.A. believe; believe inB. believe in; believeC. believe; believeD. believe in; believe in15.—I’ve never had such a wonderful time. Thank you for inviting me.—__________A. That’s right.B. You’re welcome.C. That’s it.D. Good job.二、完形填空Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me __16__ a question. But many times I have asked myself. I have __17__many reasons.__18__ important reason is that I want to be a better man.Many things make human beings different __19__ animals. One of the most important things is __20__.If I fail to receive higher education, my education __21__.As I want to be a fully __22__ man, I must get a good education, which good colleges and universities are supposed to __23__.I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are __24__ the best places to teach me how to educate myself. Only when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and __25__ fit into society.16. A. quite B. so C. such D. another17. A. come up with B. agreed withC. been fed up withD. got on well with18. A. Most B. The most C. More D. Much19. A. to B. around C. between D. from20. A. education B. weather C. temperature D. science21. A. finished B. don’t finish C. will not finish D. has finished22. A. develop B. developed C. developing D. development23. A. improve B. graduate C. hear D. provide24. A. between B. among C. inside D. outside25. A. can good B. may better C. be able to better D. be able to best三、阅读理解AWang Jiaming from Beijing Chenjinglun High School says he is a lucky boy. He’s happy that he’s sitting the senior high school entrance exam in 2021 instead of 2021.On October 22, Beijing Municipal Commission of Education announced that, from 2021, the English scores in the senior high school entrance exam will be reduced from 120 to 100. Of the 100 points, the listening scores will increase to 50. Meanwhile，the points for Chinese will increase from 120 to 150.“The change won’t affect me. I feel so lucky because English is my strongest subject,〞said Wang. Why such a change? “It places the importance on Chinese in our study and reduces students’ pressure,〞said Li Yi, a spokesman of the commission.“The change will also push us to pay attention to the practical usage of English,〞said Li. “Students will be encouraged to learn to understand English menus and read English news on mobile phones.〞There isn’t news that other cities will have the same change. But several places are making changes to English tests in the college entrance exams.For example, Shandong is considering taking out the listening part of the English exam in its Gaokao. But, “being tested for less points doesn’t mean the subject can be taken lightly,〞Bai Ping wrote in China Daily.English has long been the world’s most commonly used language. Wang Jiaming said he understood the change.“Chinese, not English, is our mother tongue,〞he said. “but still, I think English isboth interesting and useful.〞26. In the Beijing senior high school entrance exam of 2021, the English scores will be cut down to ________.A. 50B. 100C. 120D. 15027. Wang Jiaming feels lucky because _______.A. the exam change from 2021 doesn't affect himB. he doesn’t need to take the important examC. Chinese is his strongest subjectD. he is not good at chemistry28. The sentence “being tested for less points doesn’t mean the subject can be taken lightly〞in the passage means ________.A. the students can spend less time on EnglishB. it’s harder for the students to get a high scoreC. English is not as important and useful as beforeD. studying English is still important for the students29. What is the main purpose of the change?A. To encourage students to learn how to order meals in English.B. To make students learn to read English news on mobile phones.C. To ask students to prepare for the college entrance exam.D. To make students pay more attention to learning Chinese.BHave you been asked for money by some disabled beggars(乞丐) while you’re enjoying shopping? Do you have any pity on them who are so poor and lonely or do you just feel afraid of their terrible shapes? As one of the most special groups, disabled people’s living conditions—not only their living conditions, but their spiritual world, really need improvement.The treatment for disabled people should go like this: First, don’t look down upon them. Don’t be afraid of looking at the terrible sha pes of the disabled. Try to treat them equally. Because they are a part of the society, we can’t give them up. The second is to help them as much as we could. If you can be a volunteer and do somework for the disabled people, that would be very nice. That does help not only the disabled people but also yourself because you will feel good after your kind action.If every one of us gives a little love, the world will become a beautiful wonderland!30. From the passage we can see that ______.A. disabled people are poor, but they are happyB. all disabled people ask for money from othersC. disabled people’s living conditions are not goodD. no one would like to help disabled beggars31. The underlined word “equally〞means “______〞in Chinese.A. 平等地B. 确切地C. 正确地D. 恰当地32. Most disabled people are begging along the streets because ______.A. more and more people love to help themB. they want to make a living in this wayC. it’s their jobD. they are a part of the society33. People have pity on disabled beggars because ______.A. they are homelessB. they are poor and lonelyC. they have terrible shapesD. they are discarded34. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The disabled like to beg in streets.B. Disabled beggars cannot work to make a living.C. Disabled beggars are not usually treated equally.D. The best way to help disabled beggars is to give them lots of money.四、根据汉语提示写单词35. No one knows the result of this ________(调查) about water pollution.36. After she ________ (克制)her shyness, she became very friendly.37. These books aren’t hers. They are ________(我们的).38. I ________(祝贺)you on your great discovery.39. The war ________ (别离)many families.五、完成句子40.我想让教师和父母为我而自豪。
人教版2021-2022学年九年级英语全册单词、短语测试 (含答案)
一、重点单词1．n.陌生人___________2．n.物理；物理学__________3．n.交谈；谈话______________4．n.注意；关注____________5．n.知识；学问____________6．v.增加；增长___________7．adv.大声地；出声地________8．v.& n．回顾；复习_________9．n.能力；才能________ →adj.未能；无法_________ →(反义词)adj.有能力的_______10．v.(使)连接；与……有联系________ →n.联系；关联___________ 11．v.发音____________ →n.发音；读音________________12．v.发现；发觉_________ →n.发现；发觉____________13．v.创造；创建_______ →adj.有创造力的；创造性的________ →n.创造；作品creation →n.创造者creator →n.创造力；独创性_________二、重点短语1．最终成为；最后处于__________2．注意；关注__________________3．摆开；布置___________4．增加(体重)；发胖__________5．做笔记_____________6．害怕做某事___________________________7．(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看__________ 8．把……和……连接或联系起来__________________单词：stranger physics conversation attention knowledge increase aloud review ability unable able connect connection pronounce pronunciation discover discovery create creative creativity短语：end up，pay attention to，lay out，put on，take notes，be afraid of doing/to do sth. look up，connect …with，一、重点单词1．n.邮票；印章_________2．n.拐角；角落_________3．n.课程；学科_________4．n.住址；地址；通讯处__________5．v.需要；要求__________6．adj.私人的；私密的__________7．prep.在……旁边；在……附近_________8．n.& v．要求；请求____________9．v.& n．影响_______________10．adv.不常；很少____________11．n.& v．得分；进球__________12．n.中心_________ →adj.中心的；中央的_________13．n.缺席_________ →adj.缺席；不在_________14．n.便利；方便_____________ →adj.便利的；方便的___________ 15．n.人群；观众_________ →adj.拥挤的___________16．n.幽默；滑稽_______ →adj.有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的_________ 17．v.不及格；失败；未能(做到) →n.失败__________18．v.& n．采访；面试；访谈___________ →n.主持面试者；采访者____________19．adj.有礼貌的；客气的________ →adv.礼貌地；客气地_______ →(反义词)adj.不礼貌的；粗鲁的___________二、重点短语1．路过；经过___________2．引入；导入____________3．时常；有时___________________4．应对；处理____________5．公开地；在别人(尤指生人)面前__________6．缺席__________________7．亲身；亲自_____________8．为……感到自豪_______________9．为……骄傲；感到自豪______________单词：stamp corner course address require private beside request influence seldom score center central absence absent convenience convenient crowd crowded humor humorous fail failure interview interviewer polite politely impolite短语：pass by, lead into,from time to time,deal with, in public,be absent fromin person, take pride in,be proud of一、重点单词1．n.展览会；交易会________2．n.形式；类型_________3．n.交通；路上行驶的车辆________4．n.表面；表层___________5．n.项目；工程___________6．n.先锋；先驱___________7．n.直尺；统治者；支配者_______8．n.器械；仪器；工具______________9．v.避免；回避__________10．v.完成______________11．v.提到；说到____________12．adj.生气勃勃的；(色彩)鲜艳的________13．adj.当地的；本地的________14．adv.几乎__________15．n.疑惑；疑问v．怀疑________16．v.锁上；锁住n．锁_______17．n.国家；民族________ →adj.国家的；民族的_________ →adj.国际的________________18．v.生产；制造；出产_________ →n.产品；制品__________→n.生产；制造；制作______________19．v.使高兴；使愉快_________ →n.高兴；愉快__________ →adj.令人愉快的___________二、重点短语1．以……闻名；为人知晓________________2．错误地；无意中______________3．被……覆盖__________________4．偶然；意外地______________5．下降到；落到___________6．发生；出现_____________7．毫无疑问；的确_________________8．把……翻译成…… _____________________9．突然；猛地__________________10．把……分开…… __________________11．钦佩；仰慕______________12．不但……而且…… ____________________单词：fair form traffic surface project pioneer ruler instrument avoid complete mention lively local nearly doubt lock nation national international produce product production please pleasure pleasant短语：be known for, by mistake,be covered with,by accident,fall into,takeplace,without doubt,translate …into …,all of a sudden,divide …into …,look up to, not only …but alsoUnits 7-8一、重点单词1．n.机会；可能性___________2．n.实验室______________3．n.目的；目标____________4．n.胜利；成功__________5．n.位置；地方___________6．n.一段时间；时期_________7．v.接待；接受；收到__________8．v.着陆；降落________9．v.阻止；阻挠___________10．adj.很坏的；讨厌的________11．pron.任何人____________12．v.& n．支持___________13．n.诗；韵文_______ →n.诗人_______14．n.社会_______ →adj.社会的_______15．n.价值_______ →adj.很有用的；贵重的；宝贵的____________16．n.力量；精力_______ →adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的_________ 17．v.教育；教导_______ →n.教育___________ →adj.教育的；有教育意义的______________18．v.进来；进去_______ →n.大门(口)；入口(处)；通道__________ →n.进入________19．v.完成(困难的事)；应付(困难局面) ___________ →n.经理；经营者_________ →n.管理；经营________________20．adj.困倦的；瞌睡的__________ →adj.睡着_________二、重点短语1．自己做决定__________________________2．避免接近；远离_____________________3．挡……的路；妨碍___________________4．对……认真_____________________5．保持关闭；(使)不接近/远离；回避__________6．发出噪音_______________7．追逐；追赶____________8．同时；一起__________________9．以特定的方式________________单词：chance laboratory purpose victory position period receive land prevent awful anybody support poem poet society social value valuable energy energetic educate education educational enter entrance entry manage managermanagement sleepy asleep短语: make one’s own decision, keep …away from, get in the way of, be serious about,keep off, make noise, run after, at the same time, in a certain wayUnits9-10一、重点单词1．n.对话；对白____________2．n.首都；国都___________3．n.方式；方法；(pl.)礼貌；礼仪__________4．v.推断；料想___________5．v.更喜欢___________6．v.反映；映出__________7．pron.大量；众多__________8．adj.空的；空洞的__________9．adj.值得；有……价值(的) _________10．n.遗憾；怜悯v．同情；怜悯________11．n.伤；伤口；创伤v．使(身体)受伤；伤害_________12．v.敲；击n．敲击声；敲击__________13．v.& n．表扬；赞扬___________14．v.感觉到；意识到n.感觉；意识_________15．adj.空闲的；不用的v．抽出；留出_________16．n.痛苦；疼痛；苦恼_______→adj.令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的________ 17．n.澳大利亚____________→adj.澳大利亚(人)的_____________→n.澳大利亚人_____________18．v.表演；执行___________→n.表演；演出______________→n.表演者；演员_____________19．v.和……打招呼；迎接_______→n.招呼；祝词___________20．v.表现；举止_________→n.行为；举止_____________21．v.放松_______→adj.放松的；自在的_________→adj.使人放松的___________22．adj.直接的；直率的_______→n.方向；方位__________→n.导演；部门负责人___________23．adj.电子的；电子设备的____________→n.电；电能___________二、重点短语1．既然那样；假使那样的话_____________2．坚持；固守___________3．大量；充足_____________4．关闭；停止运转___________5．习惯于______________6．总共；合计__________7．顺便访问；顺便进入_____________8．毕竟；终归_____________9．作出努力___________________10．把……擦掉________________11．脱下(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞____________12．使(某人)感到宾至如归______________________单词：dialog(ue) capital manner suppose prefer reflect plenty empty worthpity wound knock praise sense spare pain painful Australia Australian Australian perform performance performer greet greeting behave behavior relax relaxed relaxing direct direction director electronic electricity短语: in that case, stick to, plenty of,shut off,get used to, in total, drop by, after all, make an effort, clean …off, take off, make …feel at homeUnits 11-12一、重点单词1．n.友谊；友情_____________2．n.权力；力量__________3．n.肩；肩膀_____________4．n.球门；射门；目标________5．n.勇敢；勇气___________6．v.迫使__________7．v.踢；踹________8．v.拉；拖________9．v.取消；终止__________10．adj.苍白的；灰白的_______11．adj.(天空)阴沉的；灰色的_______12．prep.在……上面adv.在上面________13．prep.& conj. 到；直到_____14．n.财富_________ →adj.富有的_________ →(同义词)adj.富有的_______15．n.办公室；办事处________ →n.军官；官员________16．v.使失望______________ →n.失望；沮丧_________________ →adj.失望的；沮丧的________________17．v.预料；期待；期望________ →adj.期待的；预期的__________ →adj.出乎意料的；始料不及的_____________ →n.预料；预期；期待_____________18．v.出现________ →(反义词)v.消失；不见___________19．v.着火；燃烧_______ →过去式/过去分词______________ →adj.着火的；燃烧的___________20．v.使窘迫；使尴尬__________ →adj.窘迫的；害羞的___________ →adj.使人害羞的(难堪的或惭愧的) _______________21．v.相信；认为有可能_______ →adj.可相信的；可信任的_________ →(反义词)adj.难以置信的；不真实的______________ →n.相信；信心________ →(反义词)n.不信；怀疑___________二、重点短语1．宁愿________________2．使人发疯/发狂_____________________3．越……越……；愈……愈…… _________________________4．成为某人的朋友_____________________5．不包括；不提及；忽略____________6．召来；叫来_________7．既不……也不…… ___________________8．起初；开始时________________9．代替某人的位置_____________________10．关注；注视___________________11．使失望______________12．开除某人______________13．对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉_______________14．而不是_______________15．齐心协力；通力合作_______________16．在……以前_________________17．捎……一程______________18．即将做某事____________________19．与……成一排______________20．赶到；露面____________21．在(某时间点)以前________________22．卖光__________单词：friendship power shoulder goal courage drive kick pull cancel pale grey above till wealth wealthy rich office officer disappoint disappointment disappointed expect expected unexpected expectation appear disappearburn burned/burnt burning embarrass embarrassed embarrassing believe believable unbelievable belief disbelief短语：would rather，drive sb.crazy/mad，the more …the more …，be friends with sb. leave out ，call in，neither …nor …，to start with，take one’s position keep one’s eyes on，let …down，kick sb.off，be hard on sb. rather than，pull together，by the time …，give …a lift，be about to do sth. in line with show up，by the end of，sell outUnits 13-14一、重点单词1．n.工业；行业___________2．n.调查__________3．n.标准；水平_____________4．n.水平__________5．n.(大学)学位；度数；程度__________6．n.任务；工作________7．n.方法；措施___________8．v.承担得起(后果)；买得起__________9．v.克服；战胜_____________10．v.回收利用；再利用__________11．adj.感谢；感激___________12．adj.残酷的；残忍的__________13．adj.丑陋的；难看的_________14．adj.单独的；分离的v．分开；分离___________15．n.法律；法规_______ →n.律师__________16．n.优点；有利条件_______________ →(反义词)n.缺点；不利因素_____________17．n.木头；树木_________ →adj.木制的；木头的__________ 18．n.照料；照顾；小心_______ →adj.体贴人的；关心他人的_______ 19．v.命令；指示__________ →n.指示；命令_____________ 20．v.祝贺_____________ →n.祝贺；恭贺；贺词________________ 21．v.毕业；获得学位__________ →n.毕业_____________ 22．adj.有害的_____________ →(反义词)adj.无害的；不会导致损伤_____________二、重点短语1．对……有害_________________2．在……顶部或顶端_______________3．参加_______________4．关掉____________5．付费；付出代价___________6．采取行动_______________7．扔掉；抛弃_______________8．好好利用某物_____________________9．拆下；摧毁_________________10．恢复；使想起；归还________________11．回首(往事)；回忆；回顾______________12．(时间)逝去；过去_________13．信任；信赖_____________14．首先______________15．渴望；渴求________________16．对某人心存感激____________________17．在……前面____________18．连同；除……以外还______________19．对……有责任；负责任__________________20．出发；启程____________21．分离；隔开_________________单词：industry survey standard level degree task method afford overcome recycle thankful cruel ugly separate law lawyer advantage disadvantagewood wooden care caring instruct instruction congratulate congratulation graduate graduation harmful harmless短语：be harmful to, at the top of, take part in, turn off, pay for, take action, throw away, put sth.to good use, pull …down, bring back, look back at, go by believe in, first of all, be thirsty for, be thankful to sb. ahead of, along withbe responsible for, set out, separate from。
人教版初中物理九年级全册第十四章《内能的利用》测试卷
第十四章《内能的利用》测试卷一、单选题(共15小题)1.下列图形中，属于内能转化为机械能的是()A．滑下滑梯B．弯折铁丝C．做功冲程D．压缩空气点火2.下列过程中，物体的重力势能转化为动能的是()A．热气球上升的过程B．铅球自由下落的过程C．跳水运动员将跳板踏弯的过程D．跳伞运动员在空中匀速下落的过程3.下列有关能量转化的实例中，说法不正确的是()A．不计空气阻力和摩擦，滚摆上升的过程中，动能转化为重力势能B．汽油机在做功冲程中，机械能转化为内能C．干电池、蓄电池对外供电时，化学能转化为电能D．植物吸收太阳光进行光合作用时，光能转化为化学能4.生活中能量转化的实例很多．下列描述中，错误的是()A．摩擦生热是把机械能转化为内能B．摩擦起电是把电能转化为机械能C．电动机带动水泵把水送到高处是把电能转化为机械能D．燃料燃烧放热是把化学能转化为内能5.下列四种现象中，只发生能的转移而不发生能的转化的过程是() A．烧水时，水蒸气顶起壶盖B．闭合开关后，灯泡发光C．冬天，用手摸户外的金属杆时手感觉到冷D．给电动自行车的蓄电池充电6.甲柴油机的效率比乙柴油机的效率高，这表明()A．甲的功率比乙的大B．甲做的功比乙的多C．甲消耗的柴油比乙的少D．甲柴油机内能转化为机械能的百分比大7.汽油机吸气冲程吸入气缸内的物质是()A．柴油B．汽油和空气C．汽油D．空气8.把一乒乓球压入盛有水的烧杯底部(如图所示)，松手后，乒乓球上升至水面最后漂浮在水面上．乒乓球在上升的过程中，它的机械能不断增加．下列关于乒乓球机械能来源的说法中正确的是()A．是由水的内能转化来的B．是由水的重力势能转化来的C．是由乒乓球的内能转化来的D．是由乒乓球的化学能转化来的9.如图是某地使用的“风光互补”景观照明灯．它“头顶”小风扇，“肩扛”光电池板，“腰挎”照明灯，“脚踩”蓄电池．下列解释合理的是()A．光电池板是将电能转化为光能B．小风扇利用风力发电，将机械能转化为电能C．照明灯是将内能转化为电能D．蓄电池夜晚放电，将电能转化为化学能10.如图所示为生活中常用的热水瓶，注入一定量的热水后，立即盖上软木塞，软木塞常会跳起来．内燃机的哪个冲程与这一现象的能量转化相同()A．吸气冲程B．压缩冲程C．做功冲程D．排气冲程11.人们发现内能可以做功，并制造出各种利用内能做功的机械－热机，下面这些机械中不属于热机的是()A．电动机B．柴油机C．汽油机D．蒸汽机12.如图，给试管里的水加热，水沸腾后，水蒸气推动橡皮塞冲程试管口，这个过程与四冲程汽油机的哪一个冲程中的能量转化是相同的()A．吸气冲程B．压缩冲程C．做功冲程D．排气冲程13.如图是某地使用的“风光互补”景观照明灯．它“头顶”小风扇，“肩扛”光电池板，“腰挎”照明灯，“脚踩”蓄电池．下列解释合理的是()A．光电池板是将电能转化为光能B．小风扇利用风力发电，将机械能转化为电能C．照明灯是将内能转化为电能D．蓄电池夜晚放电，将电能转化为化学能14.下列用电器工作时，能量转化的主要形式与电饭锅相同的是()A．电烤箱B．空调C．电风扇D．洗衣机15.单缸四冲程汽油机完成一个工作循环，曲轴转过()A．720°B．180°C．150°D．90°二、填空题(共3小题)16.按如图所示装置进行实验，把试管中的水加热至沸腾，试管上方的小叶轮会转动起来，此过程中能量的转化与热机工作中的________冲程能量的转化相同．17.在四冲程汽油机中，将机械能转化为内能的冲程是________冲程，如图所示的是汽油机的________冲程．四个冲程中利用飞轮惯性工作的冲程是________．18.柴油的热值是3.3×107J/kg，酒精的热值是3.0×107J/kg.完全燃烧相同质量的柴油和酒精，放出热量较多的是________．放出6.6×108J的热量，需要完全燃烧柴油和酒精的质量分别是________ kg、________ kg.从环境保护的角度，较为“清洁”的燃料是________．三、实验题(共3小题)19.比较不同燃料的热值实验：(1)为保证实验结论的可靠，小王同学在实验中应保持水的质量、________、以及两个烧杯等都应相同．(2)实验数据记录如下表，根据表中数据，估算出燃料2的热值是________ J/kg.(3)通过实验得到的燃料热值与实际相比是偏________(大/小)，出现这样情况的主要原因是________________________________________________________________________．(写出一点)20.如图所示，甲、乙、丙三图中的装置完全相同，燃料的质量和烧杯内液体的质量也相同．(1)比较不同燃料的热值，则应选________两图进行实验；比较不同物质的比热容，应选择________两图进行实验．(2)有同学猜想物体温度升高吸收热量的多少可能与质量和物质的种类有关．要研究物体温度升高吸收热量的多少与质量的关系，需要选取质量________(选填“相同”或“不同”)的________(选填“同种”或“不同种”)物质进行研究．(3)若要研究物体温度升高吸收热量的多少与物质种类的关系，需要选用质量相同的________(选填“同种”或“不同种”)物质进行研究，这种研究物理问题的方法叫________________________________________．21.比较酒精和碎纸片这两种燃料的热值，小明采用如图所示的装置进行实验：他将一定质量的酒精和碎纸片分别放入两个燃烧皿中，点燃它们，分别给装有质量相等的水的两个相同烧杯加热，直至酒精和碎纸片完全燃烧．(1)小明设计了一张记录实验数据的表格，其中①①两项内容漏写了，请你帮他补充完整．(2)实验后小明根据实验数据利用公式Q＝cmΔt算出了水吸收的热量，结合“10 g酒精”这一数据，算出了酒精的热值，算出的酒精热值是否可靠，请说明理由__________.四、计算题(共3小题)22.完全燃烧70 g的酒精可以释放出2.1×106J的热量，如果所放出的热量中有60%被质量为5 kg温度为20 ①的水所吸收，试求：(1)酒精的热值；(2)水温可以升高多少？23.下表是某品牌小轿车的一些技术参数．其中排气量是指发动机气缸的工作容积，一般情况下，发动机的排气量越大，功率越大．空燃比是指气缸内空气和燃油的质量比．汽油的热值表示每千克汽油完全燃烧放出的热量．该发动机以最大功率工作时，气缸内汽油和空气的混合密度为1.35 kg/m3,1 min内高温高压的燃气推动活塞做功2600次．请你计算发动机在最大功率工作时，(1)1 min内做的有用功(2)做一次功消耗汽油的质量(3)发动机的效率24.如图所示，简易太阳能热水器受光面积1.2 m2，内装80 kg水，太阳每分钟辐射到1 m2面积上的热量是7.56×104J，如果60%的热量被水吸收，问：(1)20 ①的水晒3 h后水温是多少摄氏度？(2)煤气的热值是4.2×107J/kg，若煤气灶的效率为40%，则烧热这些水(达到上一问中水的末温)需燃烧多少煤气？答案解析1.【答案】C【解析】A项，滑下滑梯时，与滑梯发生摩擦做功，将机械能转化为内能，不合题意；B项，弯折铁丝时，是通过做功将机械能转化为内能，不合题意；C项，在内燃机的做功冲程中，燃气膨胀对外做功，将内能转化为机械能，符合题意；D项，压缩点火，属压缩气体做功，将机械能转化为内能，不合题意．2.【答案】B【解析】A项，热气球上升的过程，高度增加，是空气对气球做功，机械能增加，故A不符合题意；B项，铅球自由下落的过程中，高度下降，速度增加，是重力势能转化为动能，故B符合题意；C.跳水运动员将跳板踏弯的过程中，跳板形变的程度增加，弹性势能增加，并非减小转化成动能，故C不符合题意；D项，跳伞运动员在空中匀速下落的过程，速度不变，高度下降，是动能不变，重力势能减小，故D不符合题意．3.【答案】B【解析】A项，滚摆在上升的过程中，不计空气阻力和摩擦，机械能守恒，动能转化为重力势能，叙述正确，不符合题意；B项，汽油机在做功冲程中，内能转化为机械能，叙述错误，符合题意；C项，干电池、蓄电池对外供电时，将化学能转化为电能，叙述正确，不符合题意；D项，植物吸收太阳光进行光合作用时，将光能转化为化学能贮存在体内，叙述正确，不符合题意．4.【答案】B【解析】A项，摩擦生热是克服摩擦做功，把机械能转化为内能，故A正确；B项，摩擦起电是电子的转移，可以把机械能转化为电能，故B错误；C项，电动机带动水泵把水送到高处是把电能转化为机械能，故C正确；D项，燃料燃烧放热是把自身蕴含的化学能转化为内能，故D正确．5.【答案】C【解析】A项，烧水时，水蒸气顶起壶盖是内能转化为机械能，是能量的转化过程，不符合题意；B项，闭合开关后，灯泡发光，是通过电流做功改变物体的内能，是能量的转化过程，不符合题意；C项，冬天，用手摸户外的金属杆时手感觉到冷，是通过热传递改变了手的内能，是能量的转移过程，符合题意；D项，给电动自行车的蓄电池充电，是电能转化为化学能储存起来，是能量的转化过程，不符合题意．6.【答案】D【解析】热机的效率是指热机用来做有用功的能量与燃料完全燃烧放出的能量之比．比值越大，热机的效率越高．甲柴油机的效率比乙柴油机的效率高，说明甲柴油机用来做有用功的能量占总能量的百分比大，所以D正确；功率是表示物体做功快慢的物理量，与热机的效率是两个完全不同的概念，所以A错误；B选项中，甲做功多，比值不一定大，所以B错误；C选项犯了同样的错误，消耗柴油少，用来做有用功的能量与消耗的总能量之比不一定大，所以C错误．7.【答案】B【解析】四冲程汽油机的吸气冲程中，吸入的气缸的气体是汽油和空气的混合物．8.【答案】B【解析】松手后，乒乓球上升至水面最后漂浮在水面上．乒乓球在上升的过程中，水的重心不断降低，重力势能不断减小，重力势能转化为乒乓球的机械能，故乒乓球的机械能不断增加．9.【答案】B【解析】A项，这种新能源的路灯，“肩扛”太阳能电池板也可以把太阳能转化为电能，故A说法错误；B项，“头顶”的小风扇可以把风能转化为电能，风能属于机械能的一种，故B说法正确；C项，照明灯工作时，将电能转化为光能，故C说法错误；D项，蓄电池夜晚放电，将化学能转化为电能，而不是将电能转化为化学能，故D说法错误．10.【答案】C【解析】瓶塞跳起来，机械能增大，这是由于暖瓶内气体膨胀做功造成的，水蒸气的内能转化成瓶塞的机械能；在汽油机在做功冲程中，气缸内高温气体膨胀推动活塞做功，内能转化为机械能．11.【答案】A【解析】蒸汽机、汽油机、柴油机都是利用热机工作的，工作过程中都是将内能转化为机械能．而电动机是利用电能转化成机械能的．12.【答案】C【解析】水蒸气把橡皮塞冲出；这个过程中，燃料的化学能转化为内能，水蒸气膨胀做功，水蒸气的内能转化为塞子的机械能；内燃机的做功冲程将内能转化为机械能，因此这一现象相当于内燃机的做功冲程．13.【答案】B【解析】A项，这种新能源的路灯，“肩扛”太阳能电池板也可以把太阳能转化为电能，故A说法错误；B项，“头顶”的小风扇可以把风能转化为电能，风能属于机械能的一种，故B说法正确；C项，照明灯工作时，将电能转化为光能，故C说法错误；D项，蓄电池夜晚放电，将化学能转化为电能，而不是将电能转化为化学能，故D说法错误．14.【答案】A【解析】电饭锅工作时，主要将电能转化为内能．A项，电烤箱是将电能转化为内能，与电饭锅的能量转化相同，符合题意；B项，空调依靠压缩机工作，将电能转化为机械能，不合题意；C项，电风扇主要将电能转化为机械能，不合题意；D项，洗衣机主要将电能转化为机械能，不合题意．15.【答案】A【解析】汽油机，完成一个工作循环活塞往复2次，曲轴转动2周，所以转动720°.16.【答案】做功【解析】由图可知，从玻璃管口喷出的水蒸气驱动叶轮转动，水蒸气会对叶轮做功，将水蒸气的内能会转化为塞子的机械能；此过程与汽油机的做功冲程类似，在做功冲程中也是燃气的内能转化为活塞的机械能．17.【答案】压缩做功吸气冲程、压缩冲程和排气冲程【解析】在四冲程汽油机中，将机械能转化为内能的冲程是压缩冲程；根据图示可知，进气门和排气门关闭，火花塞点火，活塞向下运动，气缸容积增大，因此是做功冲程．四个冲程中，对外提供内能的冲程只有做功冲程，其它三个冲程都是依靠惯性完成的，因此利用飞轮惯性工作的冲程有：吸气冲程、压缩冲程和排气冲程.18.【答案】柴油20 kg22 kg酒精【解析】(1)由Q＝qm知，完全燃烧相同质量的柴油和酒精，放出热量较多的应该是热值大的燃料，所以放出热量较多的是柴油．(2)由Q＝mq得，需要完全燃烧柴油：Q柴油＝＝＝20 kg.(3)由Q＝mq得，需要完全燃烧酒精：Q酒精＝＝＝22 kg.(4)从环境保护的角度，较为“清洁”的燃料是酒精．19.【答案】(1)燃料的质量(2)1.2× 107(3)小燃料燃烧放出的热不能被水全部吸收【解析】(1)为了比较相同质量的酒精和碎纸片燃烧放出热量的多少，必须控制二者的质量相等、烧杯内水的质量相等、两个烧杯相同；(2)相同质量的酒精和碎纸片燃烧放热，酒精燃烧放出的热量可以将水的温度升高20 ①，碎纸片燃烧放出的热量可以将水的温度升高10 ①，可见酒精的热值是碎纸片的2倍，所以碎纸片的热值为1.2×107J/kg；(3)因为烧杯、空气也吸收热量，并且燃料不可能完全燃烧，所以测得的热值会偏小．20.【答案】(1)甲、乙甲、丙(2)不同，同种(3)不同种，控制变量法．【解析】(1)为了比较热值大小要用不同的燃料，加热同一种液体，让液体的质量相同，通过温度计的示数高低得出吸热多少，进而判断热值大小，应选择甲、乙两图进行实验；为了比较两种液体的比热容，需要燃烧相同的燃料，加热不同的液体，让液体的质量相同，通过温度计的示数高低得出吸热多少，进而判断两种比热容的大小关系，应选择甲、丙两图进行实验．(2)猜想物体温度升高吸收热量的多少可能与质量和物质的种类有关．要研究物体温度升高吸收热量的多少与质量的关系，需要选取质量不同的同种物质进行研究．(3)若要研究物体温度升高吸收热量的多少与物质种类的关系，需要选用质量相同的不同种物质进行研究，这种研究物理问题的方法叫控制变量法．21.【答案】(1)①加热后的水温/①①10 g碎纸片(2)酒精完全燃烧放出的热量不能被水全部吸收【解析】(1)①需要记录加热前后水的温度，用来计算水吸收的热量；①根据控制变量法的思想，酒精和碎纸片的质量必须相等；(2)酒精完全燃烧放出的热量不能被水全部吸收，故算出的酒精热值要小于真实值．22.【答案】解：(1)①Q放＝mq，①酒精的热值：q＝＝＝3×107J/kg.(3)水吸收的热量：Q吸＝60%×Q放＝60%×2.1×106J＝1.26×106J,①Q吸＝cmΔt,①水升高的温度：Δt＝＝＝60 ①.答：(1)酒精的热值为3×107J/kg；(2)水温可以升高60 ①.【解析】(1)根据公式Q＝mq求出酒精的热值；(2)根据Q吸＝60%×Q放求出水吸收的热量，再根据公式Q吸＝cmΔt求出水升高的温度．23.【答案】解：(1)1 min内做的有用功：W＝Pt＝7.5×104W×60 s＝4.5×106J.(2)燃气的质量：m＝ρv＝1.35 kg/m3×1.8×10－3m3＝2.43×10－3kg,因为空燃比是14①1，所以燃油的质量是整个质量的，做一次功消耗的汽油质量：2.43×10－3kg×＝1.62×10－4kg.(3)1 min内汽油燃烧释放的热量：Q＝mq＝1.62×10－4kg×4.6×107J/kg×2600＝1.94×107J,发动机的效率：η＝×100%＝×100%＝23.2%.答：(1)1 min内做的有用功为4.5×106J.(2)做功一次消耗汽油的质量是1.62×10－4kg.(3)发动机的效率是23.2%.【解析】(1)根据公式W＝Pt进行计算，要注意把功率单位换算成W，把时间单位换算成s.(2)根据m＝ρv算出燃气的质量，然后根据空燃比算出汽油的质量．(3)发动机的效率是有用功跟汽油燃烧释放热量的比值．24.【答案】解：(1)①太阳每分钟辐射到1 m2面积上的热量是7.56×104J,①太阳能热水器3 h得到太阳的辐射热量为：Q＝1.2 m2×3×60 min×7.56×104J/(m2·min)＝16329600 J,而Q吸＝Qη＝16329600 J×60%＝9797760 J,又①C＝4.2×103J/(kg·①)，m＝80 kg,①Δt＝＝＝29.2 ①，从而可知t＝Δt＋t0＝29.2 ①＋20 ①＝49.2 ①.(2)①Q吸＝9797760 J，η热＝40%，①煤气燃烧放出的热量为：Q放＝＝＝24494400 J,又①q气＝4.2×107J/kg,①m气＝＝＝0.5832 kg.答：(1)20 ①的水晒3 h后水温是49.2 ①.(2)烧热这些水需燃烧0.5832 kg煤气．【解析】(1)已知太阳每分钟辐射到1 m2面积上的热量是7.56×104J，便可以计算出太阳能热水器3 h 得到太阳的辐射热量Q，已知60%的热量被水吸收，从而可利用公式Q吸＝Qη求出水吸收的热量，已知水的质量和比热容，可利用公式Δt＝计算出温度变化，已知水的初温，可利用公式t＝Δt ＋t0计算出末温．(2)已知水吸收的热量和煤气灶的效率，可利用公式Q放＝计算出煤气燃烧放出的热量，已知煤气的热值，可利用公式m气＝计算质量．。
新人教版新目标英语九年级全册Unit14全单元课件(共106张ppt)
Language points
3. Scoring two goals in a row during a soccer competition. in a row意为“连续几次地；成一行；一字儿”。 如： How do you account for losing five games in a row? 你如何解释一连输了五场比赛呢？ Ten footballer stood in a row on the sport ground. 运动场上一字儿站着十名足球运动员。 Count and see how many trees there are in a row. 数数看一行有多少棵树。 The team notched up their third victory in a row. 该队连续三次获胜。
_____being a teer
_____doing a school survey _____a friend helping me with a problem ___________________________________ ___________________________________
Ms Griffin. She encouraged me in English class. She always told me, “You can do it!” Because of her, I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled.
Language points
【拓展】row作可数名词，意为“一排；一列；一行”。 如：a row of identical houses 完全一样的一排房子 a row of trees 一行树木 A row of small windows jutted out from the roof. 有一排 小窗户从房顶上突出来。 Several men are pushing school desks and chairs into neat rows. 几个人正挪动学校的桌椅，将它们排整齐。
2020-2021学年人教版英语九年级全册Unit14练习(含答案)
2020-2021学年人教新目标英语九年级我全册Unit14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7 SectionA练习(含答案)一、单项选择。
( )1.Miss Wang is patient me and always encourages me hard.A.to; studyB.with; studyC. with; to studyD.in; studying( )2.—Kate, remember to the sick to cheer them up.—OK.I remember for the patients in the past.A.to sing; to singB.to sing; singingC.singing; singingD.singing; to sing( )3.I advised them a break studying.A. take; fromB. to take; withC. taking; inD. to take; from( )4.The problem is very difficult. Can you help me ？A. work it outB. take it outC. put up itD. cut it down( )5.—Mrs. Gao often gets mad at her noisy son, but she is always her noisy pupils in the music class.—A good teacher, but not a good mother.A.angry withB.patient withC.worried aboutD.similar to( )6.Mr. Smith used to work by bus, but now he's used to to work.Because he thinks walking is good for his health.A. to go; walkB. go; walkingC. to go; walkingD. going; walk( )7.Don't give up. You should try to the difficulty.A.finishB.standC.overcomeD.accept( )8.Nobody can predict what in the future.So enjoy every minute in our life.A.will happenB.happenC.has happenedD.happens( )9.The girl had some problems ，but now she's good at it.A. dancesB. dancingC. to danceD. danced( )10.Linda was very happy because she a prize in yesterday's competition.A. beatB. wonC. playedD. took二、完形填空Jimmy was five years old and lived with his parents, the Watsons, in Smithville, in the southern United States. He loved his big black 1 ，Big Boy. Last week, in the early hours of the morning, a strong smell suddenly woke Big Boy up 2 his sleep. The dog got up and walked into the kitchen. There the smell and the heat grew stronger. Big Boy could 3 that something was wrong, very wrong. He barked(吠) and ran up to the second floor. He barked and barked at the door of Jimmy's room, 4 there was no answer.Then he ran to Mr. and Mrs. Watson's room. He barked again, more loudly, and tried to 5 the door open. Mr. and Mrs. Watson didn't wake up. Big Boy ran back to Jimmy's room. He made as much 6 as he could.Finally, Jimmy came to the door and opened it. “Big Boy, what's wrong？” Jimmy said. Big Boy took Jimmy's 7 in his mouth and tried to pull him down to the first floor. “Big Boy, Big Boy, stop! Stop! What are you 8 ？Mom, Dad, come quickly! Help! Help！” Jimmy shouted loudly.His parents ran out of their room. They understood that there was a fire. They 9 picked Jimmyup and ran out of the house. Big Boy ran after them. Just then, the fire came all the way up to the top of the 10 .Big Boy saved the family! He's a hero today in Smithville.( )1.A.hat B.boy C.bag D.dog( )2.A.for B.from C.into D.with( )3.A.feel B.wish C.report D.remember( )4.A.so B.but C.if D.because( )5.A.keep B.turn C.push D.close( )6.A.food B.money C.noise D.friend( )7.A.head B.nose C.neck D.hand( )8.A.doing B.saying C.writing D.drinking( )9.A.quietly B.slowly C.quickly D.seriously( )10.A.tree B.house C.family D.mountain三、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词1.The reporter is doing a s about eating habits in their school.2.The living s of the villagers in that village has improved a lot.3.There is something wrong with the k of the computer. I can't type letters with it.4.S we go to a piano lesson this Saturday afternoon?5.Read the i before you take the medicine.四、按要求完成下列各题1.She stayed at home with her family last weekend.(改为否定句)She at home with her family last weekend.2.They had fun flying kites in the park.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)— they fun flying kites in the park?—No, they .3.Jim played games with us in the garden yesterday afternoon.(对画线部分提问)Jim with you in the garden yesterday afternoon?4.Jenny borrows some books from the school library every week.(用last week改写句子)Jenny books from the school library last week.五、根据汉语意思完成句子1.李老师要求我们每天准时早读。
2020-2021学年下册人教版 九年级英语Unit 14单元练习(含答案)
2020-2021学年下册人教版九年级英语Unit 14单元练习一、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
1. Some students are doing a school (调查) during the summer holiday. 2．Homework is (双倍的) on the weekends.3．You must follow the (说明) when you use the new machine. 4．Kate bought a new (键盘) yesterday because the old one is broken. 5．What a surprise! Our headmaster will come to (祝贺) us.二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．The man (overcome) many difficulties when he was young. 2．Mary will give a speech at the (graduate) ceremony.3．All the students are having fun (sing) and dancing at the party.4．I'm very (thank) to the people who have helped me in the past three years. 5．(last)，wish you all great success in the future.三、完形填空。
One day in class, the teacher held up an apple. She stood on the platform (讲台)and said, “Please 1 it in the air, and …”One student 2 his hand and said, “I can smell it. It is the smell of an apple.”The teacher stepped 3 the platform, passed by each of the students and said, “Smell 4 to see if the smell of the apple is still in the air.”Half of the students put up their hands to show that they could smell it. The teacher returned to the 5 of the classroom and asked again who else could smell the apple. The rest raised their hands except one boy. The teacher came to the boy and asked, “You really can't smell the apple？”The boy answered, “No, I can't smell it. I don't think it's a 6 apple.”The teacher 7 a t the boy and said to the class, “He's right! It's not8 to get the apple smell from this apple. ”All of the other students had been tricked. Some may have thought that perhaps the apple didn't have the apple smell, 9 they didn't dare to speak up. They just 10 the first student blindly and went along with him.1. A. watch B．feel C．smell2. A. shook B．raised C．showed3. A. on B．off C．towards4. A. later B．once C．again5. A. front B．middle C．back6. A. real B．tasty C．nice7. A. laughed B．smiled C．shouted8. A. surprising B．possible C．common9. A. and B．so C．but10. A. followed B．admired C．preferred四、阅读理解。
2021秋九年级英语全册 人教新目标版Unit 14 Section B (2a-2e)课件
5. Our teachers and parents willb_e__p_r_o_u_d_o_f__ us because we have grownup and can be responsible for ourselves.
2. As you set out on your new journey, you shouldn’t forget where you came from. 在新的旅行启程之际,不 应忘了你来自何处。
set out 意为“出发”。 set out on sth.意为“开始进行新的事情”。 journey本意为“旅程”，这里引申为“（人生的） 阶段或行程”。
4. What will senior high be like? Life in senior high school will be harder and they will have many difficult tasks ahead of them. 5. How should the students deal with the future? They should learn from their mistakes and never give up, choose wisely and be responsible for their own decisions and actions, and not forget where they came from
Summary
3. ahead adv. 向前面 ahead的用法 ❖ 是副词，不要误认为它是名词： There’s danger ahead. 前面有危险。 ❖ 主要用作状语，有时也用作后置定语或表语：
期末Units11-12单元复习课件2021--2022学年人教版九年级英语全册
考点2
lively .充满活力的；生气勃勃的；活泼的。 [归纳]常用的以“-ly”结尾的形容词有：friendly, daily, nightly, lonely, lovely, lively 等。 析](1) lively有“活泼的；生动的”的意思，可以指人或物，在句中作表语 或定语。 (2)living表示“活着的”，可指人或物，既可用作定语，也可用作表语，作 定语一般前置。living表示某个人是活着的，强调“尚在人间，健在”。 alive前加冠词时，指“活着的人们”，视作复数。 (3)alive“活着的”，多作表语，常用来指人，有时也可指物，作表语时可 与living互换，作定语时为后置定语。
She was made to repeat the whole story. 她被要求重述一遍整个故事。
We were made to work all night. 我们被迫整夜工作。
பைடு நூலகம்
考点7
(4)make it是习惯用语，意为“及时赶到，到达目的地”。 I just made it to my class.(arrived in time) 我恰好赶到班里。 I’m sorry I missed your concert, but I was out of town and couldn’t make it. 很遗憾错过你的音乐会，但我当时不在镇上，不能及时赶回来。 试题精练 ① Though he often made his little sister ____c_r_y____ (cry), today he was made ____to__c_r_y__ (cry) by his little sister. ②—Can you tell me how ___t_o_m__a_k_e_ (make) apple juice? —Sure. Please watch carefully and you will see how it _i_s_m__a_d_e___ (make).
九年级英语全册人教版课件：第十四单元测试卷(共72张PPT)
【同步听力】(25 分)
Ⅰ.听对话，选择正确的答案。(5 分)
( C )1.What did the boy's father do ten years ago?
A．A doctor.
B．A teacher.
C．A driver.
( C )2.When should Nancy call David？
•9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做；要学生学的知识，教职员躬亲共学；要学生守的规则，教职员躬亲共守。2021/9/72021/9/7Tuesday, September 07, 2021 •10、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2021/9/72021/9/72021/9/79/7/2021 7:56:41 PM •11、只有让学生不把全部时间都用在学习上，而留下许多自由支配的时间，他才能顺利地学习……（这）是教育过程的逻辑。2021/9/72021/9/72021/9/7Sep-217-Sep-21 •12、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师，也是学生的教育者，生活的导师和道德的引路人。2021/9/72021/9/72021/9/7Tuesday, September 07, 2021
B．get off
C．get on
D．get into
Ⅴ.(2018·襄阳)完形填空。(10 分) At the beginning of this term，my P．E. teacher suggested to me that I should take part in the marathon(马拉松赛跑)．I was very surprised because I was never a good runner.In order to 26 me，he said that if I took part in the race，I would get the highest mark for the term's P．E. class.Therefore，I decided to have a try because I had 27 to lose.
“2021年初中英语(人教版)全册课件”
让我们一起探索“2021年初中英语（人教版）全册课件”中的各个有趣主题， 从问候和介绍开始，逐步深入到家庭关系、人物描述和性格以及学校生活和 教育等。
Greetings and Introductions
1 Common Greetings
Learn how to say "hello," "good morning," and other common greetings in English.
4 Cultural Differences
Explore how greetings and introductions vary across different cultures and countries.
Family Members and Relationships
Types of Familial Relationships
Fruits and Vegetables
Discover the nutritional benefits and delicious flavors of various fruits and vegetables.
Weather and Seasons
1 Seasonal Vocabulary 2 Climate and Geograph3y Effects on Activities
2 Introducing Yourself
Master the art of introducing yourself, including sharing personal information and hobbies.
3 Meeting People
英语人教九年级全一册人教版-Unit 14 素养综合检测-学生用卷
Unit 14·素养综合检测(满分:100分,限时:60分钟)Ⅰ.单项选择(每小题1分,共10分)1.I will congratulate him his good results in the singing competition.A.ofB.withC.onD.in2.(2022独家原创)If you don’t know how to deal with this problem, you can read this book. It offers some different .A.surveysB.instructionsC.resultsD.advantages3.I’m to my English teacher because she often encourages me to stick to my dream.A.carefulB.thankfulC.harmfuleful4.I’d like to thank my English teacher because he often me to study hard.A.warnsB.avoidsC.encouragesD.prevents5.(2021广西贵港中考)—Where does Bill live?—He me his address, but I can’t remember it now.A.tellsB.toldC.is tellingD.will tell6.(2021湖北武汉东湖高新区期中改编)—What happened? There was a touch of sadness in her voice.—Her son failed the test again.A.passedB.passC.to passD.passing7.We all want to know who can the physics problem.You know, it’s very difficult.A.work outB.take outC.set outD.look out8.My grandfather often his old days. He says that he misses his old friends.A.looks out forB.looks back onC.takes care ofD.takes part in9.You should be your decisions. If you make a wrong decision, you will be regretful.A.busy withB.thankful toC.responsible forD.tired of10.(2022辽宁鞍山铁东区期中)—Could you tell me ? —Sure. Go along this street and you will find it on your left.A.where is the museumB.how can I get to the museumC.how far is the museumD.which is the way to the museumⅡ.完形填空(每小题2分,共20分)(2020重庆中考A卷)Our junior high school life is coming to an end. So my classmates and I decided to make a special 11for our own favorite teacher in the ceramics(陶艺) class.After being dried for a long time in the fire, our gifts for teachers were 12. Chen Hui took them out of the kiln(窑). CRASH(碎裂声)! His cup, Xiao Yao’s 13, and my heart broke into pieces all over the floor.“My elephant lost her trunk(象鼻)!” Xiao Yao shouted. “My heart is broken!” I 14almost at the same time.“I’m so sorry!” Chen Hui said.“Bri ng 15to the repair station,” said Xiao Yao. “Let’s see what we can do with some magic glue.” We tried many times, 16the magic glue worked only on Chen Hui’s cup. The trunk and the heart were in too many broken bits to put back together.“Now my elephant has a short nose instead of a trunk,” said Xiao Yao. “It 17like a little dog with big ears. And it’s 18lovely! Let’s call it doglephant!”“A cute doglephant! Cool! You just turned the accident into a happy thing!” I said. And right then, I knew 19to do. Maybe I could make a mosaic(镶嵌画) by using the pieces of my broken heart.When it was all done, everyone thought it was pretty cool. Yes, my present didn’t turn out the way I’d planned, but it turned out even20!11.A.gift B.hat C.bag D.coat12.A.safe B.broken C.ready D.wet13.A.dog B.elephant C.cat D.panda14.A.smiled B.read C.wrote D.cried15.A.something B.nothingC.everythingD.anything16.A.as B.but C.so D.though17.A.looks B.sounds C.smells D.tastes18.A.still B.even C.almost D.hardly19.A.when B.how C.which D.what20.A.worse B.better C.heavier D.cheaper Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题3分,共30分)A(2021辽宁大连中考改编)International Graduation (毕业) VideoFrom:Rose GarciaTo:Li HuaDate:Thursday, June 10Hi Li Hua,Congratulations on your coming graduation! My name is Rose Garcia. I work at the International Student Office at SMU and I am working on the International Graduation Video to show all of your memories and achievements at SMU.Submissions (提交材料) will include:★Your favorite pictures and videos of your time at SMU.★A sentence or two including where you are from and what you are graduating with.★A thank-you message to someone who may have helped you go through this difficult time.Please send submissions or questions to Rose Garcia at*************.The deadline (截止时间) for this is Friday, July 9.The video will be shared around graduation time.Congratulations and don’t miss this chance to celebrate your achievements!Yours,Rose21.Who is Rose Garcia?A.Li Hua’s classmate.B.Li Hua’s friend.C.A relative of Li Hua’s.D.A worker in Li Hua’s school.22.Who is the email written to?A.A head teacher.B.A student’s parent.C.A class monitor.D.An international student.23.What submissions should Li Hua prepare?①a thank-you message②questions about graduation③a simple self-introduction④her favorite pictures and videosA.①②③B.①③④C.②③④D.①②③④24.All the submissions should be sent by .A.June 10B.June 27C.July 9D.July 1425.What is the email mainly about?A.The international students’ life.B.The International Graduation Video.C.SMU’s suggestions for the freshmen.D.Rose’s congratulations on Li Hua’s achievements.BEvery year thousands of young people in Britain finish school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers.Volunteers give their time to help people. For example, they work in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.Paul, 18, comes from Wales. He wants to go to university to study Chinese next year, but now he’s living in Belize. Paul says, “I’m working with other people here to save the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is polluted badly, the corals will die. I’m helping to make a study on the corals and the fish that live around the reefs. All over the world, coral reefs are decreasing. We need to do something about the problem before it’s too late. I’m staying with a family here. I help do some housework. I don’t get any money, but that’s OK. I love my work here, and I’m learning a lot about the people of Belize! When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize.”26.What will some young people in Britain do after finishing school?A.Go to work for money.B.Go to other countries and work as volunteers.C.Start work in universities.D.Go to university in other countries.27.Where is Paul living now?A.In Britain.B.In China.C.In Belize.D.In America.28.What is Paul doing with other people in the sea near Belize?A.Working to save the coral reefs.B.Studying Chinese at university.C.Helping do some housework.D.Making a study in Wales.29.From the passage, we know that the corals .A.are not as beautiful as beforeB.will probably be sold for moneyC.may die because of the pollutionD.cannot live without the fish in the sea30.What does Paul want to do after he finishes his work as a volunteer?A.Stay there for another year.B.Go back home to start work.C.Learn about the people at home.D.Travel around Belize.Ⅳ.短文填空(每小题2分,共20分)(2022独家原创)阅读短文,根据上下文和首字母提示写出所缺的单词,使短文内容完整、连贯。