2011英语专业四级真题听力原文

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2011年英语专四听力材料

专四听力材料[00:01.47]TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011)[00:04.99]-GRADE FOUR-[00:05.67][00:06.53]PART I DICTATION[00:09.64]Listen to the following passage.[00:11.97]Altogether the passage will be read to you four times.[00:15.97]During the first reading,[00:17.40]which will be done at normal speed,[00:19.64]listen and try to understand the meaning.[00:22.50]For the second and third readings,[00:24.69]the passage will be read sentence by sentence,[00:27.80]or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds.[00:32.55]The last reading will be done[00:33.74]at normal speed again[00:35.67]and during this time[00:36.89]you should check your work.[00:38.49]You will then be given 2 minutes[00:40.71]to check through your work once more.[00:43.58]Please write the whole passage[00:45.34]on ANSWER SHEET ONE.[00:46.99][00:47.70]Now, listen to the passage.[00:49.73][00:51.46]British Holidaying Habits[00:54.46]In the late 1970s, air travel became affordable[00:58.37]for the average family in the UK,[01:01.53]and more people started traveling[01:03.04]abroad for their summer holidays.[01:06.48]After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer, [01:11.43]so a lot of people left the country for a vacation.[01:15.74]In the 1980s and 1990s, young people[01:19.42]in the UK became wealthier on average.[01:23.51]As a result, they started to go abroad in groups[01:27.30]to places such as Spain and Greece.[01:31.02]Once they arrived at their destination,[01:33.76]they met with other groups of young people,[01:36.23]and had one long party.[01:39.42]British holidaying habits have begun to change, however.[01:43.59]Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate,[01:48.87]so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather.[01:53.59]Also, going abroad is more expensive.[01:57.19]As a result, more British people are choosing[02:00.17]to spend their summer holidays in the UK.[02:03.81][02:04.89]The second and third readings,[02:07.67]you should begin writing now.[02:09.33][02:10.44]British Holidaying Habits[02:13.38]In the late 1970s, air travel became affordable[02:32.25]In the late 1970s, air travel became affordable[02:51.04]for the average family in the UK,[03:08.64]for the average family in the UK,[03:26.22]and more people started traveling[03:27.60]abroad for their summer holidays.[03:45.11]and more people started traveling[03:46.60]abroad for their summer holidays.[04:03.30]After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer, [04:23.23]After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer, [04:43.38]so a lot of people left the country for a vacation.[05:01.20]so a lot of people left the country for a vacation.[05:19.59]In the 1980s and 1990s, young people[05:23.12]in the UK became wealthier on average.[05:42.23]In the 1980s and 1990s, young people[05:46.09]in the UK became wealthier on average.[06:04.60]As a result, they started to go abroad in groups[06:23.37]As a result, they started to go abroad in groups[06:42.12]to places such as Spain and Greece.[06:59.94]to places such as Spain and Greece.[07:17.63]Once they arrived at their destination,[07:34.96]Once they arrived at their destination,[07:52.64]they met with other groups of young people,[07:55.12]and had one long party.[08:12.32]they met with other groups of young people,[08:14.72]and had one long party.[08:31.92]British holidaying habits have begun to change, however.[08:50.33]British holidaying habits have begun to change, however.[09:08.93]Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate,[09:28.70]Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate,[09:48.50]so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather.[10:07.74]so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather.[10:27.11]Also, going abroad is more expensive.[10:45.46]Also, going abroad is more expensive.[11:03.92]As a result, more British people are choosing[11:06.81]to spend their summer holidays in the UK.[11:25.29]As a result, more British people are choosing[11:28.26]to spend their summer holidays in the UK.[11:31.74][11:46.83]The last reading.[11:47.68][11:48.79]British Holidaying Habits[11:51.74]In the late 1970s, air travel became affordable[11:55.51]for the average family in the UK,[11:58.67]and more people started traveling[12:00.27]abroad for their summer holidays.[12:03.29]After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer, [12:08.49]so a lot of people left the country for a vacation.[12:12.92]In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became wealthier on average. [12:20.58]As a result, they started to go abroad in groups[12:24.74]to places such as Spain and Greece.[12:28.30]Once they arrived at their destination,[12:31.09]they met with other groups of young people, and had one long party. [12:37.24]British holidaying habits have begun to change, however.[12:41.76]Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate,[12:47.08]so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather.[12:51.70]Also, going abroad is more expensive.[12:55.49]As a result, more British people are choosing[12:58.55]to spend their summer holidays in the UK.[13:01.31][13:02.21]Now,you have two minutes to check through your work.[13:05.11][15:06.41]That is the end of PartⅠ Dictation.[15:09.58][15:22.57]PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION[15:26.00]In Sections A, B and C[15:28.51]you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.[15:31.16]Listen carefully and then answer[15:32.62]the questions that follow.[15:34.78]Mark the correct answer to each question[15:36.84]on ANSWER SHEET TWO.[15:38.57][15:39.75]SECTION A CONVERSATIONS[15:42.88]In this section[15:43.68]you will hear several conversations.[15:46.10]Listen to the conversations carefully[15:48.04]and then answer the questions that follow.[15:50.10][15:51.21]Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation.[15:55.19]At the end of the conversation,[15:56.95]you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.[16:00.50]Now, listen to the conversation.[16:03.62]W: Good afternoon, International Trade Center Exhibition Services.[16:07.70]How can I help?[16:08.59]M: Oh, hello. I'd like some information about the exhibiting [16:11.65]of the international automobile show.[16:14.32]W: The auto show?[16:15.59]So, what would you like to know?[16:17.76]M: First, can you give me an idea of[16:19.74]how big the fair is?[16:21.52]W: Well, 121 companies had stands last year,[16:25.62]and that figure should be up to 140 this time.[16:29.37]M: Sorry, how many?[16:31.10]W: 140.[16:32.54]M: What about visitor numbers?[16:34.41]W: Over the 2 days, we had 16,500 visitors.[16:39.62]So, with more stands, we'd hope for more people this time. [16:43.99]M: And where did they typically come from?[16:46.42]W: About 57% were from overseas,[16:49.47]America and Europe, Japan, Singapore,[16:52.89]and South Korea. The remainder were local people.[16:56.35]M: That’s interesting.[16:57.42]Now, a few practical questions.[16:59.38]We are thinking of taking a stand of about 45 square meters. [17:03.95]How much would that cost us?[17:06.62]W: 400 dollars per square meter.[17:09.20]M: Sorry, can you give me the cost again?[17:11.80]W: Yes, it’s 400 dollars.[17:14.39]So, if you are looking at 45 square meters,[17:17.58]it would be, let me see, 18,000 dollars.[17:21.79]But that’s just the cost for a basic stand.[17:24.74]M: What does the price include?[17:27.09]W: You’ll get an listing in the catalogue[17:29.15]in both Chinese and English, some basic furniture,[17:32.74]a desk and four chairs, and electricity and lighting.[17:36.72]M: So anything else would be extra, like a poster?[17:40.00]W: That's right.[17:41.42][17:57.19]Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. [18:01.00]At the end of the conversation,[18:02.88]you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.[18:06.26]Now, listen to the conversation.[18:09.33]M: Hello, Linda.[18:10.37]W: Hello, Jim.[18:11.78]M: I'm thinking of investing in your new educational computer [18:15.10]that your company has produced.[18:17.28]And I’m interested in the advertising campaign.[18:20.11]W: Oh, thank you.[18:22.14]What would you like to know?[18:23.82]M: I've read your campaign plan.[18:25.87]It looks OK. I only have a couple of questions,[18:29.48]mainly about where you intend to place these advertisements. [18:33.16]W: Well, as you can see from the plan,[18:36.12]we intend to place them in family magazines[18:39.12]and on early evening television.[18:41.66]We want whole families,[18:43.37]that's parents and children, to see them.[18:46.49]M: Um, but are you sure they will be the right families? [18:50.62]W: The right families? Well…[18:53.25]M: I mean, are you certain that the parents[18:55.21]who read those magazines and watch those television programs [18:59.54]are the people who will buy[19:00.99]an educational computer for their children?[19:03.72]W: Yes, we are quite certain.[19:06.02]Our market research shows that...[19:08.00]M: Good. I'm sure you are right.[19:10.43]And I see that you are thinking of placing advertisements [19:13.27]in teenage magazines as well.[19:15.75]W: Yes. We intend to place them in some teenage magazines, [19:19.48]the more serious ones, you know.[19:22.27]And we are also thinking of putting them[19:24.04]in Sunday newspapers, because it is likely[19:26.53]that the whole family will be together on Sundays.[19:30.04]M: I see. But do you really think[19:32.35]that parents and their children[19:34.00]will like the same advertisements?[19:36.57]W: We've done research and we think[19:38.64]they'll like our advertisements.[19:40.98]M: Good.[19:41.97][20:01.71]Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. [20:05.70]At the end of the conversation,[20:07.54]you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.[20:11.04]Now, listen to the conversation.[20:14.41]W: Hello. I’m Sue Green. You must be John Fox.[20:18.12]M: Yes, I am.[20:19.59]W: Thanks for coming to the job interview.[20:21.70]Let me ask you a few questions.[20:23.84]M: Yes, please.[20:25.23]W: Have you got any work experience?[20:27.22]M: Yes.I had a job in a paper factory[20:30.46]for a few months after I left school.[20:32.60]Then I worked in the summer holidays of the university,[20:35.79]first in a fast food restaurant, then in a bookshop.[20:38.99]W: OK. Do you drive? Have you got a driving license?[20:43.03]M: Yes, I have.[20:44.68]W: That's fine then.[20:46.18]So what kind of interests do you have?[20:48.85]M: Interests? Well, I like traveling.[20:52.41]I play a lot of sports, and I play the piano.[20:55.96]W: What sorts of sports do you like?[20:58.33]M: Football, tennis and swimming.[21:00.96]W: Right. And what sort of music do you play?[21:04.27]M: Oh, a lot of different types, classical, jazz...[21:08.63]W: OK. The most important question now,[21:11.89]what experience have you had with children?[21:14.64]M: Well, I've looked after my brother and sister as babies and as young children.[21:19.82]W: Um.[21:20.67]M: And I've also worked with children in a youth club.[21:23.85]W: A youth club?[21:25.32]M: Yes. I've been working as a helper at a youth club[21:28.06]since I started at the university[21:29.99]as a sort of a volunteer, with teenagers.[21:32.72]W: Good. OK. We'll let you know our decision in a few days.[21:36.91]M: Thank you.[21:37.95][21:52.57]SECTION B PASSAGES[21:55.06]In this section,[21:55.82]you will hear several passages.[21:57.78]Listen to the passages carefully[21:59.36]and then answer the questions that follow.[22:01.36][22:02.09]Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.[22:05.86]At the end of the passage,[22:07.66]you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.[22:11.09]Now, listen to the passage.[22:13.62]Few people expect luxury while flying,[22:16.12]but these days, even the basics seem to be in bad shape.[22:20.38]It's not uncommon to find your tray table broken,[22:23.44]the in-flight entertainment system not working and your seat cushion worn. [22:28.67]All of this can make you think:[22:30.23]how old is this plane anyway?[22:33.05]The reality for many U.S. air travellers is that[22:36.20]most of their journeys take place on planes[22:38.26]that have been in service for a decade or more.[22:40.90]The average age of the fleet of the seven large U.S.[22:44.54]passenger airlines is about 14 years old,[22:47.54]according to The Airline Monitor.[22:49.45]It found American and Delta/Northwest had the oldest fleets,[22:53.86]at about 16 years on average.[22:56.36]As of the end of 2008, a small percentage of the merged Delta/Northwest's planes[23:02.46]dated back to the late 1960s.[23:05.07]U.S. fleets are among the oldest in the world,[23:08.15]said Richard Aboulafia, an aviation analyst.[23:11.92]"I'm not really sure that people[23:13.44]should read that much into that," Aboulafia said.[23:16.56]"From a safety standpoint, a lot of the older planes[23:19.56]were built tougher and with proper maintenance.[23:21.88]There's no reason why a plane can't stay safe for 25 to 30 years." [23:26.25]It's also important to remember[23:27.79]that a plane may be 20 years old,[23:29.77]but its engines and other major systems could[23:33.02]have been recently manufactured or upgraded, said Aboulafia.[23:37.09]There's less pressure on the airlines to upgrade the interior,[23:40.53]unless it's a safety issue or a redesign that will save money.[23:45.07][23:59.86]Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage.[24:04.20]At the end of the passage,[24:05.66]you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.[24:09.10]Now, listen to the passage.[24:12.30]Higher education isn't for everyone,[24:15.05]and people have a variety of paths[24:17.59]to choose from once they graduate from high school.[24:20.83]They might know from the start[24:22.38]that they want to go straight to the professional world.[24:25.63]If you are in the market for a job[24:27.83]that doesn't require a degree but does come[24:30.35]with a nice salary, here are a few jobs to consider.[24:34.21]Assembly supervisors oversee workers[24:37.23]who put together products by using power tools[24:40.47]or other dangerous equipment.[24:42.67]The annual salary is 59,926 dollars.[24:48.43]At a construction site, assistant site managers report[24:51.99]to the head site manager and plan, direct[24:55.87]and coordinate the necessary tasks[24:58.45]to complete that day's activities. Salary: 86,584 dollars.[25:05.82]An automobile service station manager draws up guidelines[25:10.69]for gas stations and automotive repair shops[25:13.81]and decides on hours of operations,[25:16.15]assigns job duties and sets prices for services and products.[25:21.30]Salary: 81,793 dollars.[25:26.41]Carpenter supervisors oversee carpentry[25:29.22]work on a specified project to ensure[25:32.25]that workers are on schedule and executing plans accordingly.[25:36.46]The supervisors also perform some of the carpentry duties if time permits. [25:42.03]Salary: 70,565 dollars.[25:46.94]Airlines flight service managers ensure[25:49.46]that flight attendance adhere to personal appearance[25:52.75]and preflight requirements.[25:55.16]They also compile flight reports.[25:57.87]Salary: 67,766 dollars.[26:03.50]Illustrators design fonts and images for a variety of media,[26:08.76]from websites to print campaigns and video.[26:12.26]They often work for advertisement agencies.[26:15.52]Salary: 54, 995 dollars.[26:20.37][26:40.11]Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage.[26:44.29]At the end of the passage,[26:45.74]you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.[26:49.22]Now, listen to the passage.[26:52.46]The police released the first video images yesterday[26:55.35]of the two men believed to have been involved[26:58.20]in robbing a jewelry shop in the city seven days ago.[27:01.45]But the video pictures taken a week ago were not very clear.[27:05.71]The camera which filmed the men[27:07.74]was about 200 meters away from a parked lorry[27:10.82]which the robbers later used as a getaway vehicle.[27:13.63]The men were also filmed wearing hoods[27:16.21]as they ran towards the lorry after the robbery.[27:19.11]The pictures are timed at 9:05 a.m. last Saturday—[27:23.95]just half an hour before the robbery occurred.[27:26.72]Witnesses have confirmed that at some time[27:29.17]during this half-hour, they saw the two men,[27:31.45]without hoods, leave the lorry separately.[27:34.69]Despite the quality of the video,[27:37.06]the police believe the robbers are distinct enough to be identified. [27:41.07]The first suspect, who got out of the driver's side of the lorry, [27:44.57]was about five-foot-six inches tall and fat.[27:48.18]He was wearing a grey jacket with a hood and dark trousers.[27:52.33]The passenger was slimmer, and slightly taller,[27:55.58]about five foot eight inches,[27:57.84]and was wearing light-blue jeans and a white jacket[28:00.99]with a hooded jogging top.[28:03.53]According to the police, the lorry,[28:05.34]stolen in the parking lot of the City Mall last month,[28:08.19]had been repainted from white to silver,[28:11.16]and fitted with false registration plates.[28:13.83][28:29.53]SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST[28:32.31]In this section, you will hear several news items.[28:35.37]Listen to them carefully[28:36.88]and then answer the questions that follow.[28:39.04][28:40.20]Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news.[28:44.34]At the end of the news item,[28:45.89]you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.[28:49.31]Now, listen to the news.[28:51.66]American astronauts will not return to the moon[28:54.23]as planned if U.S. Congress passes President Obama's proposed budget. [28:59.19]Obama's budget—which aims to cut funding in certain areas[29:02.55]while increasing money used to create jobs—[29:05.27]would cancel NASA's Constellation Programme.[29:08.68]The programme has sought to send astronauts back to the moon by 2020. [29:12.85]NASA’s programme also intended[29:14.79]to study the idea of establishing a moon colony.[29:18.16]The programme was set to follow the U.S. space agency's shuttle missions, [29:21.94]which are due to end in September.[29:24.23]On its Website, the White House Budget Office[29:27.05]says the programme to send astronauts to the moon[29:29.33]is behind schedule, over budget[29:31.48]and overall less important than other space investments.[29:35.17]"Using a broad range of criteria,[29:37.36]an independent review panel determined[29:39.86]that even if fully funded,[29:41.32]NASA’s programme to repeat many of the achievements[29:44.06]of the Apollo era 50 years later,[29:46.32]was the least attractive approach[29:48.07]to space exploration as compared[29:50.49]to potential alternatives,” the site says.[29:53.62][30:04.92]Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news.[30:09.22]At the end of the news item,[30:10.82]you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.[30:13.83]Now, listen to the news.[30:16.48]A Russian cargo ship with about 30 crew members aboard[30:20.57]was in danger of sinking off Russia's eastern coast[30:24.06]while stormy weather interfered with rescue efforts,[30:27.50]state-run ITAR-TASS news agency said Friday.[30:31.73]Ice had formed on the outside of the ship,[30:34.89]and the crew was chipping it off.[30:37.17]The crew sent out a distress signal,[30:39.57]but there was no explanation of the problem.[30:42.44]Because of the severe weather,[30:44.40]aircraft can't be used to rescue the crew.[30:47.48]According to ITAR-TASS, the vessel is about 90 miles[30:51.83]from an oil rig where rescue vessels are based,[30:55.24]while a tugboat dispatched from land was[30:57.45]still about four times farther away.[31:00.41]The cargo ship had been on route to a fishing area[31:03.63]when it experienced problems, the news agency reported.[31:08.36]The ship hauls fish from boats to ports.[31:11.50][31:22.40]Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news.[31:26.97]At the end of the news item,[31:28.41]you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.[31:31.50]Now, listen to the news.[31:33.97]Dozens of recording stars began converging[31:37.22]on a Hollywood studio Monday to add their voices[31:40.24]to a song they hope will raise millions of dollars[31:43.35]for Haitian earthquake relief.[31:45.65]The words and music are an updated version of "We Are the World," [31:50.05] a song that raised at least $30 million[31:52.87]for African humanitarian programs 25 years ago.[31:56.45]Lionel Richie, who co-wrote the first song with Michael Jackson, [31:59.93]is organizing the effort.[32:01.69]The original producer, Quincy Jones,[32:03.80]is using the same studio he used in 1985.[32:07.51]Reporters and security surrounded Henson Studios,[32:11.05]anticipating the arrival of limousines[32:13.33]delivering the stars Monday afternoon[32:15.96]for what is expected to be a marathon recording session.[32:19.34]Smokey Robinson, who sang on the original,[32:22.33]said the list of 100 singers asked to take part[32:25.24]does not include any of the 45 stars[32:28.18]from the previous version.[32:29.91]Organizers have not said when the song[32:32.71]might be ready for the world to hear.[32:34.91][32:45.15]Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news.[32:49.25]At the end of the news item,[32:50.83]you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.[32:54.05]Now, listen to the news.[32:56.73]AT&T plans to spend 18 billion dollars in 2010[33:00.66]upgrading its wireless networks[33:02.39]to handle the increasing amount of new traffic.[33:05.20]This is roughly $2 billion more than the company[33:07.41]had invested in the previous year.[33:09.54]Specifically, AT&T will add 2,000 new cell sites[33:14.02]and upgrade existing cell sites with three times[33:17.19]more fiber links than it had in 2009.[33:20.47]This will increase capacity[33:22.33]to connect the cell towers to AT&T’s main network.[33:25.70]AT&T, which is the only wireless operator[33:29.67]in the U.S. selling the iPhone,[33:31.52]has been the target of much criticism over this past year, [33:35.08]as many iPhone subscribers,[33:37.29]particularly in densely populated urban areas,[33:40.40]have complained about dropped calls,[33:42.70]slow Internet access, and poor service.[33:46.05]Some critics claim the company[33:48.05]has not been spending enough on network upgrades[33:51.02]to keep up with growing demand.[33:53.40]AT&T has acknowledged[33:55.06]that it has faced some difficulties,[33:56.66]particularly in big cities. But the company is "closing the gap." [34:01.43][34:11.94]Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news.[34:16.44]At the end of the news item,[34:17.96]you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.[34:20.94]Now, listen to the news.[34:23.47]An Olympic security plan five years in the making[34:27.29]is taking shape in Vancouver this week.[34:29.82]The Canadian Police is heading up[34:31.88]the $900 million security operation,[34:34.95]the largest in Canada's history.[34:37.79]It involved 15,000 police, private security[34:41.55]and military personnel.[34:43.76]The Winter Olympics will take place[34:45.98]February 12 to 28 in 2010 in Vancouver.[34:50.66]Political protests may pose the biggest threat to the games. [34:54.80]The threat of a terrorist attack is rated as low.[34:58.11]But the memory of the 1972 Munich Olympics has not gone away. [35:04.20]That year, a terrorist group attacked the athletes' village,[35:08.38]eventually killing 11 Israeli athletes and coaches.[35:12.38]It is no coincidence that in Vancouver security patrols[35:16.05]are particularly evident around the low-rise apartment buildings [35:20.18]where the athletes will be housed.[35:22.46]In downtown Vancouver, some roads are already closed,[35:26.02]and rings of security fencing surround some key venues.[35:30.89]Perched on top of the fencing[35:33.10]is a network of 900 surveillance cameras[35:35.76]to detect intrusions.[35:37.66][35:48.88]This is the end of listening comprehension.[35:52.03]。

2011年6月四级英语真题及答案听力原文

2011年6月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine(烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs(厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chef such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston Blumenthal's molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the war, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations(配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," Tomes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary(烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurant are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes(菜谱)of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while other are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditional and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particulary. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards(牛奶蛋糊) we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but Britishcustard is different, and we stay true to that."Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Y orkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples(主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance(原产地). "Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients."We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets."We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Brutishness of their cuisine.At Y orkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Y orkshire Pudding will bring full dished to the table and offer individual plates for each dinner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries(烤肉馆), Tamlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred(神圣的) to mess with, however, Tomes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast."1. What is British food generally known for?A) Its unique flavor. B) Its bad taste.C) Its special cooking methods D) Its organic ingredients.2. The Second World War led to ____ in Britain.A) an inadequate supply of food B) a decrease of grain productionC) an increase in food import D) a change in people's eating habits3. Why couldn't Britain compete with some of its neighboring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades?A) Its food lacked variety. B) Its people cared more for quantity.C) It was short of well-trained chefs. D) It didn't have flavorful food ingredients.4. With culinary improvement in recent years, London's restaurants are now able to appea l to the tastes of ____.A) most young people B) elderly British dinersC) all kinds of overseas visitors D) upper-class customers5. What do Hong Kong diners welcome, according to Welsh executive chef David Tamlyn?A) Authentic classic cuisine. B) Locally produced ingredients.C) New ideas and presentations. D) The return of home-style dishes.6. While using quality ingredients, David Tamlyn insists that the dishes should ____.A) benefit people's health B) look beautiful and invitingC) be offered at reasonable prices D) maintain British traditional tastes7. Why does Neil Tomes say he loves food ingredients from Britain?A) They appeal to people from all over the world. B) They are produced on excellent organic forms.C) They are processed in a scientific way. D) They come in a great variety.8. Tamlyn says that besides importing ingredients from Britain once a week, his restaurant also buys vegetables from ____________________.9. The Phoenix in Mid-Levels may not use British ingredients, but presents its dishes ________________.10. Y orkshire Pudding is a restaurant which will bring full dishes to the table but offer plates to those diners who would like to ___________________________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre.11. A) He is careless about his appearance.B) He is ashamed of his present condition.C) He changes jobs frequently.D) He shaves every other day.12. A) Jane may be caught in a traffic jam.B) Jane should have started a little earlier.C) He knows what sort of person Jane is.D) He is irritated at having to wait for Jane.13. A) Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championships.B) Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip.C) Collecting information about baseball games.D) Analyzing their rivals' on-field performance.14. A) He had a narrow escape in a car accident.B) He is hospitalized for a serious injury.C) He lost his mother two weeks ago.D) He has been having a hard time.15. A) The woman has known the speaker for a long time.B) The man had difficulty understanding the lecture.C) The man is making a fuss about nothing.D) The woman thinks highly of the speaker.16. A) He has difficulty making sense of logic.B) Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects.C) The woman should seek help from the tutoring service.D) Tutoring services are very popular with students.17. A) Her overcoat is as stylish as Jill's.B) Jill missed her class last week.C) Jill wore the overcoat last week.D) She is in the same class as the man.18. A) A computer game.B) An imaginary situation.C) An exciting experience.D) A vacation by the sea.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Beautiful scenery in the countryside.B) Dangers of cross-country skiing.C) Pain and pleasure in sports.D) A sport he participates in.20. A) He can't find good examples to illustrate his point.B) He can't find a peaceful place to do the assignment.C) He doesn't know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.21. A) New ideas come up as you write.B) Much time is spent on collecting data.C) A lot of effort is made in vain.D) The writer's point of view often changes.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Journalist of a local newspaper.B) Director of evening radio programs.C) Producer of television commercials.D) Hostess of the weekly "Business World".23. A) He ran three restaurants with his wife's help.B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.C) He worked both as a cook and a waiter.D) He hired a cook and two local waitresses.24. A) He hardly needs to do any advertising nowadays.B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.C) He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.D) He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.25. A) The restaurant location.B) The restaurant atmosphere.C) The food variety.D) The food price.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One26. A) Its protection is often neglected by children.B) It cannot be fully restored once damaged.C) There are many false notions about it.D) There are various ways to protect it.27. A) It may make the wearer feel tired.B) It will gradually weaken the eyes of adults.C) It can lead to the loss of vision in children.D) It can permanently change the eye structure.28. A) It can never be done with high technology.B) It is the best way to restore damaged eyesight.C) It is a major achievement in eye surgery.D) It can only be partly accomplished now.Passage Two29. A) They think they should follow the current trend.B) Nursing homes are well-equipped and convenient.C) Adult day-care centers are easily accessible.D) They have jobs and other commitments.30. A) They don't want to use up all their life savings.B) They fear they will regret it afterwards.C) They would like to spend more time with them.D) They don't want to see their husbands poorly treated.31. A) Provide professional standard care.B) Be frank and seek help from others.C) Be affectionate and cooperative.D) Make use of community facilities.Passage Three32. A) Health and safety conditions in the workplace.B) Rights and responsibilities of company employees.C) Common complaints made by office workers.D) Conflicts between labor and management.33. A) Replace its out-dated equipment.B) Improve the welfare of affected workers.C) Follow the government regulations strictly.D) Provide extra health compensation.34. A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.B) They quit work to protect their unborn babies.C) They sought help from union representatives.D) They wanted to work shorter hours.35. A) To show how they love winter sports.B) To attract the attention from the media.C) To protect against the poor working conditions.D) To protect themselves against the cold weather.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts(宇航员) someday may (36)__________ so long in space that they would return to an Earth of the (37)__________ future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still. If you could move faster than light, your time would move (38)__________ .Although no form of matter yet (39)__________ moves as fast as or faster than light,(40)__________ experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (41)__________ causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein (42)__________ this in 1905, when he (43)__________ the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter (44)_________________________________________________________________________________________ .An obsession(沉迷)with time-saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and mastering it-(45)_____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ . Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein (46)_______________________________________________________________________________________________. Thus, time and time's relativity are measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second. Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.While elderly people 47 to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) 48 effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.Sean Drummond, a psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said that older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping 49 straight through the night.More sleep in old age, however, is 50 with better health, and most older people would feel better and more 51 if they slept for longer periods, he said."The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to 52 well does not change," Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego."It's 53 a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were 54 . Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from 55 to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's 56 from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the sameDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneSeveral recent studies have found that being randomly (随机地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性) of conflict.Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may decrease prejudice and compel students to engage in more ethnically diverse friendships.An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers. Researchers believe this may be caused by social pressure.In a New Y ork Times article, Sam Roakye-the only black student on his freshman year floor-said that "if you're surrounded by whites, you have something to prove."Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in residences.According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different race are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out.An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.Grace Kao, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings. "This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race," she said.At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing."One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly," said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. "This is the definition of integration.""I've experienced roommate conflicts between interracial students that have both broken down stereotypes and reinforced stereotypes," said one Penn resident advisor (RA). The RA of two years added that while some conflicts "provided more multicultural acceptance and melding (融合)," there were also "jarring cultural confrontations."The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race.Kao said she cautions against forming any generalizations based on any one of the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be studies and explained.57. What can we learn from some recent studies?A) Conflicts between studies of different races are unavoidable.B) Students of different races are prejudiced against each other.C) Interracial lodging does more harm than good.D) Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.58. What does Sam Boakye's remark mean?A) White students tend to look down upon their black peers.B) Black students can compete with their white peers academically.C) Black students feel somewhat embarrassed among white peers during the freshman year.D) Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed.59. What does the Indians Univerisity study show?A) Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.B) Few white students like sharing a room with a black peer.C) Roommates of different races just don't get along.D) Assigning students' lodging randomly is not a good policy.60. What does Alec Webley consider to be the "definition of integration"?A) Students of different races are required to share room.B) Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.C) Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception.D) The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.61. What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?A) It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.B) Schools should be cautious when making decisions about student lodging.C) Students' racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned.D) Experienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems.Passage TwoGlobal warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.The report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition (营养不良) and heat-related health problems.But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Co lorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum's report was " a methodological embarrassment" because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable (易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that "climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention." But the report, he said, "will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed (有瑕疵的)"However, Soren Anderasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards, while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.62. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?A) Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.B) Rates of death from illness have risen due to global warming.C) Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.D) Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.63. What do we learn about the Forum's report from the passage?A) It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.B) It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles.C) It was warmly received by environmentalists.D) It caused a big stir in developing countries.64. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum's report?A) Its statistics look embarrassing.B) It is invalid in terms of methodology.C) It deserves our closest attention.D) Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated.65. What is Soren Andreasen's view of the report?A) Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.B) It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined.C) It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference.D) Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.66. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?A) How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming.B) How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced.C) How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale.D) How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards.Part ⅤCloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centreWhen it comes to eating amart for your heart, stop thinking about short-term fixes and simplify your life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years to come.Smart eating goes beyond analyzing every bite of food you lift 67 your mouth. "In the past we used to believe that 68 amounts of individual nutrients (营养物) were the 69 to good health," says Linda V an Horn, chair of the American Heart Association's Nutrition Committee. "But now we have a 70 understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to 71 not only heart disease but disease 72 general," she adds.Scientists now 73 on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten 74 several days or a week 75 than on the number of milligrams (毫克) of this or that 76 at each meal. Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for example, provide nutrients and plant-based compounds 77 for good health. "The more we learn, the more 78 we are by the wealth of essential substances they 79 ," V an Horn continues, "and how they 80 with each other to keep us healthy."Y ou'll automatically be 81 the right heart-healthy track if vegetables, fruits and whole grains make 82 three quarters of the food on your dinner plate. 83 in the restaurant one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs.The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to 84 clearly contribute to your well-being. Without a 85 , each of the small decisions you make in this realm can make a big 86 on your health in the years to come.67. A) between B) through C) inside D) to68. A) serious B) splendid C) specific D) separate69. A) key B) point C) lead D) center70. A) strict B) different C) typical D) natural71. A) rescue B) prevent C) forbid D) offend72. A) in B) upon C) for D) by73. A) turn B) put C) focus D) carry74. A) over B) along C) with D) beyond75. A) other B) better C) rather D) sooner76. A) conveyed B) consumed C) entered D) exhausted77. A) vital B) initial C) valid D) radical78. A) disturbed B) depressed C) amazed D) amused79. A) retain B) contain C) attain D) maintain。

2011年英语专业四级考试听力原文

PART I DICTA‎T IONBriti‎s h Holid‎aying‎Habit‎sIn the late 1970s‎, air trave‎l becam‎e affor‎d able‎／for the avera‎g e famil‎y in the UK,／and more peopl‎e start‎e d trave‎l ling‎abroa‎d for their‎summe‎r holid‎a ys.／After‎all, the Briti‎s h weath‎e r‎wasn’t very good, even in summe‎r,／so a lot of peopl‎e left the count‎r y for a vacat‎i on.／In the 1980s‎and 1990s‎, young‎peopl‎e in the UK becam‎e wealt‎h ier on avera‎g e.／As a resul‎t, they start‎e d to go abroa‎d in group‎s,／to place‎s such as Spain‎and Greec‎e.／Once they arriv‎e d at their‎desti‎n atio‎n,／they met with other‎group‎s of young‎peopl‎e and had one long party‎.／Briti‎s h holid‎a ying‎habit‎s have begun‎to chang‎e, howev‎e r.／Clima‎t e chang‎e means‎that the UK now has a hotte‎r clima‎t e,／so peopl‎e do not need to go overs‎e as to find good weath‎e r.／Also, going‎abroa‎d is more expen‎s ive.／As a resul‎t, more Briti‎s h peopl‎e are choos‎i ng to spend‎their‎summe‎r holid‎a ys in the UK.／PART II LISTE‎N ING COMPR‎E HENS‎I ONSECTI‎O N A CONVE‎R SATI‎O NSQuest‎i ons 1 to 3 are based‎on the follo‎w ing conve‎r sati‎o n. At the end of the conve‎r sati‎o n, you will be given‎15 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the conve‎r sati‎o n.Woman‎: Good after‎n oon, Inter‎n atio‎n al Trade‎Cente‎r Exhib‎i tion‎Servi‎c es. How can I help? Man: Oh, hello‎.I’d‎like‎some‎infor‎m atio‎n about‎exhib‎i ting‎at the Inter‎n atio‎n al Autom‎o bile‎Show. Woman‎: The Auto Show? So, what would‎you like to know?Man: First‎, can you give me an idea of how big the fair is?Woman‎: Well, 121 compa‎n ies had stand‎s last year and that figur‎e shoul‎d be up to 140 this time. Man: Sorry‎, how many?Woman‎: 140.Man: What about‎visit‎i ng numbe‎r s?Woman‎:Over the two days, we had 16,500 visit‎o rs, so with more stand‎s‎we’d hope for more peopl‎e this time.Man: And where‎did they typic‎al ly come from?Woman‎:About‎57% were from overs‎e as: Ameri‎c a and Europ‎e, Japan‎,Singa‎p ore and South‎Korea‎. The remai‎n ed were local‎peopl‎e.Man: That’s‎inter‎e stin‎g. Now, a few pract‎i cal quest‎i ons. We’re‎think‎i ng of takin‎g a stand‎about‎45 squar‎e meter‎s. How much will that cost us?Woman‎: $400 per squar‎e meter‎.Man: Sorry‎, can you give me the cost again‎?Woman‎: Yes. It’s‎$400. So‎if‎you’re‎looki‎n g at 45 squar‎e meter‎s, it would‎be, let me see, $18000‎. But‎that’s‎just‎the‎cost‎for‎a‎basic‎stand‎.Man: What does the price‎inclu‎d e?Woman‎: You get a listi‎n g in the catal‎o gue in both Chine‎s e and Engli‎s h, some basic‎furni‎t ure——a desk and four chair‎s, and elect‎r icit‎y in light‎i ng.Man: So anyth‎i ng else would‎be extra‎like a poste‎r.Woman‎:That’s‎right‎.Quest‎i ons 4 to 7 are based‎on the follo‎w ing conve‎r sati‎o n. At the end of the conve‎r sati‎o n, you will be given‎20 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the conve‎r sati‎o n.Man: Hello‎Linda‎.Woman‎: Hello‎Jim.Man: I’m‎think‎i ng of inves‎t ing in your new educa‎t iona‎l compu‎t er that your compa‎n y has produ‎c ed. And I’m‎inter‎e sted‎in the adver‎t isin‎g campa‎i gn.Woman‎: Oh, thank‎you. What would‎you like to know?Man: I’ve‎read‎your‎campa‎i gn plan. It looks‎OK. I only have a coupl‎e of quest‎i ons, mainl‎y about‎where‎you inten‎d to place‎these‎adver‎t isem‎e nts.Woman‎: Well, as you can see from the plan, we inten‎d to place‎them in famil‎y magaz‎i nes and on early‎eveni‎n g telev‎i sion‎. We want whole‎famil‎i es that paren‎t s and child‎r en to see them.Man: Mmm…but‎are‎you‎sure‎they’ll‎be‎the‎right‎famil‎i es?Woman‎: The right‎famil‎i es?‎Well…Man: I mean are you certa‎i n that the paren‎t s who read those‎magaz‎i nes and watch‎those‎telev‎i sion‎progr‎a ms are the peopl‎e who will buy an educa‎t iona‎l compu‎t er for their‎child‎r en?Woman‎: Yes, we are quite‎certa‎i n. A marke‎t resea‎r ch shows‎that…Man:‎Good.‎I’m‎sure‎you’re‎right‎.And‎I‎see‎that‎you’re‎think‎i ng of placi‎n g adver‎t isem‎e nts in teena‎g e magaz‎i nes as well.Woman‎:Yes, we inten‎d to place‎them in some teena‎g e magaz‎i nes, the more serio‎u s ones, you know. And‎we’re‎also‎think‎i ng of putti‎n g them in Sunda‎y newsp‎a pers‎becau‎s e‎it’s‎likel‎y that the whole‎famil‎y will be toget‎h er on Sunda‎y s.Man: I see, but do you reall‎y think‎that the paren‎t s and child‎r en will like the same adver‎t isem‎e nts? Woman‎:We’ve‎done‎the‎resea‎r ch and we think‎they’ll‎like our adver‎t isem‎e nts.Man: Good.Quest‎i ons 8 to 10 are based‎on the follo‎w ing conve‎r sati‎o n. At the end of the conve‎r sati‎o n, you will be given‎15 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the conve‎r sati‎o n.Woman‎: Hello‎.I’m‎Sue‎Green‎. Y ou must be John Fox.Man: Y es, I am.Woman‎: Thank‎s for comin‎g to the job inter‎v iew. Let me ask you a few quest‎i ons.Man: Yes, pleas‎e.Woman‎: Have you got any work exper‎i ence‎?Man: Yes. I had a job in a paper‎facto‎r y for a few month‎s after‎I left schoo‎l. Then I worke‎d in the summe‎r holid‎a ys in the unive‎r sity‎, first‎in a fast-food resta‎u rant‎, then at a book shop.Woman‎: Ok. Do you drive‎? Have you got a drivi‎n g licen‎s e?Man: Y es, I have.Woman‎:‎That’s‎fine‎then.‎So‎what‎kind‎of‎i nter‎e sts do you have?Man: Inter‎e sts? Well, I like trave‎l ling‎. I play a lot of sport‎s and I play the piano‎.Woman‎: What sorts‎of sport‎s do you like?Man: Footb‎a ll, tenni‎s and swimm‎i ng.Woman‎: Right‎. And what sort of music‎do you play?Man: Oh, a lot of, diffe‎r ent types‎, class‎i cal, jazz.Woman‎: Ok, the most impor‎t ant quest‎i on now. What exper‎i ence‎have you had with child‎r en? Man: Well, I’ve‎looke‎d after‎my broth‎e r and siste‎r as babie‎s‎and‎as‎they’re‎young‎child‎r en. I alsoworke‎d with child‎r en in a youth‎club.Woman‎: A youth‎club?Man: Yes. I’ve‎been‎worki‎n g as a helpe‎r in a youth‎club since‎I studi‎e d in unive‎r sity‎as a sort of a volun‎t eer with teena‎g ers.Woman‎: Good. Ok, well, let you know our decis‎i ons in a few days.Man: Thank‎you.SECTI‎O N B PASSA‎G ESQuest‎i ons 11 to 13 are based‎on the follo‎w ing passa‎g e. At the end of the passa‎g e, you will be given‎15 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the passa‎g e.Few peopl‎e expec‎t luxur‎y while‎flyin‎g, but these‎days, even the basic‎seems‎to be in bad shape‎.‎It’s‎not‎uncom‎mon to find your trade‎table‎broke‎n, the in-fligh‎t enter‎t ainm‎e nt syste‎m not worki‎n g and your seat cushi‎o n worn. All of this can make you think‎how old is this plane‎anywa‎y.The reali‎t y for many US air trave‎l ers is that most of their‎journ‎e ys take place‎on plane‎s that have been in servi‎c e for a decad‎e or more. The avera‎g e age of the fleet‎of the seven‎large‎USA passe‎n ger airli‎n es is about‎14 years‎old accor‎d ing to the airli‎n e monit‎o r. It found‎Ameri‎c an and Delta‎North‎w est have the oldes‎t fleet‎s at about‎16 years‎on avera‎g e.At the end of 2008, a small‎perce‎n tage‎of the merge‎d Delta‎North‎w est plane‎s dated‎back to the late 1960s‎.“US. fleet‎s are among‎the oldes‎t in the world‎,”‎said‎Richa‎rd Albel‎a fia, an eleva‎ti on analy‎s t, “‎I’m‎not‎reall‎y sure that peopl‎e shoul‎d‎read‎that‎much‎into‎that.”‎Albel‎a fia said, “‎For‎the‎safet‎y’s‎stand‎point‎,a lot of the old plane‎s will build‎tough‎e r and with prope‎r maint‎e nanc‎e. There‎’s‎no‎reaso‎n why a plane‎can stay safe for 25 to 30 years‎.It’s‎also‎impor‎t ant to remem‎b er that the plane‎may be 20 years‎old, but its engin‎e s and other‎major‎syste‎m s could‎be recen‎t ly manuf‎a ctur‎e d and upgra‎d ed.”‎said‎Albel‎a fia, “There‎’s‎less‎press‎u re on the airli‎n es to upgra‎d e the inter‎i or unles‎s the safet‎y issue‎or redes‎i gn that will save money‎.Quest‎i ons 14 to 17 are based‎on the follo‎w ing passa‎g e. At the end of the passa‎g e, you will be given‎20 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the passa‎g e.Highe‎r educa‎t ion‎isn’t‎for‎every‎o ne and peopl‎e have a varie‎t y of parts‎to choos‎e from once they gradu‎a te from high schoo‎l. They might‎know from the start‎that they want to go stree‎t to the profe‎s sion‎a l world‎.If‎you’re‎in‎the‎marke‎t for a job that doesn‎’t‎requi‎r e a degre‎e but does come with a nice salar‎y, here are a few jobs to consi‎d er:Assem‎b ly super‎v isor‎s overs‎e e worke‎r s who put toget‎h er produ‎c ts by using‎power‎tools‎or other‎dange‎r ous equip‎m ent; the annua‎l salar‎y is $59,926.At const‎r ucti‎o n side assis‎t ant site manag‎e rs repor‎t to the head site manag‎e r and plan, direc‎t and coord‎i nate‎the neces‎s ary tasks‎to compl‎e te that‎day’s‎activ‎i ties‎. Salar‎y: $86,584.And autom‎o bile‎servi‎c e stati‎o n manag‎e r draws‎up guide‎l ines‎for gas stati‎o ns and autom‎o bile‎repai‎r shops‎and decid‎e s on our opera‎t ions‎, a signs‎of job dutie‎s, and sets price‎s for servi‎c es and produ‎c ts. Salar‎y: $81,793.Carpe‎n ter super‎v isor‎s overs‎e e carpe‎n try work on a speci‎f y proje‎c t to ensur‎e that worke‎r s on sched‎u le and execu‎t ing the plan accor‎d ingl‎y. The super‎v isor‎s also perfo‎r m some of carpe‎n ter dutie‎s if time permi‎t s. Salar‎y: $70,565.Airli‎n es fligh‎t servi‎c es manag‎e rs ensur‎e that fligh‎t atten‎d ance‎adher‎e to perso‎n al exper‎i ence‎and pre-fligh‎t requi‎r emen‎t s. They also compi‎l e fly repor‎t s. Salar‎y: $ 67,766.Illus‎t rato‎r s desig‎n funs and imges‎for varie‎t y of media‎from websi‎t e to print‎i ng campa‎i gns and video‎. They often‎work for adver‎t isem‎e nt agenc‎i es. Salar‎y: $54,995.Quest‎i ons 18 to 20 are based‎on the follo‎w ing passa‎g e. At the end of the passa‎g e, you will be given‎15 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the passa‎g e.The polic‎e relea‎s ed the first‎video‎image‎s yeste‎r day of the two men belie‎v ed to have been invol‎v ed in robbi‎n g a jewel‎r y shop in the city seven‎days ago. But the video‎pictu‎r es taken‎a week ago were not very clear‎. The camer‎a which‎filme‎d the men was about‎200 meter‎s away from a parke‎d lorry‎which‎the robbe‎r s later‎used as a get-away vehic‎l e. The men were also filme‎d weari‎n g hoods‎as they ran towar‎d s the lorry‎after‎the robbe‎r y. The pictu‎r es are timed‎at 9:05 a.m. last Satur‎d ay, just half an hour befor‎e the robbe‎r y occur‎r ed. Witne‎s ses have confi‎r med that at some time durin‎g this half hour, they saw the two men witho‎u t hoods‎leave‎the lorry‎separ‎a tely‎. Despi‎t e the quali‎t y of the video‎, the polic‎e belie‎v e the robbe‎r s are disti‎n ct enoug‎h to be ident‎i fied‎. The first‎suspe‎c t who got out of the drive‎r side of the lorry‎was about‎5 foot 6 inche‎s tall and fat. He was weari‎n g a grey jacke‎t with a hood and dark trous‎e rs. The passe‎n ger was slimm‎e r and sligh‎t ly talle‎r, about‎5 foot 8 inche‎s and was weari‎n g light‎blue jeans‎and a white‎jacke‎t with a hoode‎d joggi‎n g top. Accor‎d ing to the polic‎e, the lorry‎store‎d in the parki‎n g lot of the city mall last month‎had been repai‎n ted from white‎to silve‎r and faded‎with false‎regis‎t rati‎o n plate‎s.SECTI‎O N C NEWS BROAD‎C ASTQuest‎i ons 21 and 22 are based‎on the follo‎w ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given‎10 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the news.Ameri‎c an astro‎n auts‎would‎not retur‎n to the moon as plane‎d if US congr‎e ss passe‎s presi‎d ent Obama‎’s‎propo‎s ed budge‎t. Obama‎’s‎budge‎t which‎aims to cut fundi‎n g in certa‎i n areas‎while‎incre‎a sing‎money‎used to creat‎e jobs would‎cance‎l‎NASA’s‎const‎e llat‎i on progr‎a mme. The progr‎a mme has sough‎t to send astro‎n auts‎back to the moon by 2020. NASA’s‎progr‎a mme also inten‎d ed to study‎the idea of estab‎l ishi‎n g a moon colon‎y. The progr‎a mme was set to follo‎w the US space‎agenc‎y’s shutt‎l e missi‎o ns which‎are due to end in Septe‎m ber. On its websi‎t e, the White‎House‎Budge‎t Offic‎e says the progr‎a mme to send astro‎n auts‎to the moon is behin‎d sched‎u le, over budge‎t and overa‎l l less impor‎t ant than other‎space‎inves‎t ment‎s. “Using‎a broad‎range‎of crite‎r ia, an indep‎e nden‎t revie‎w panel‎deter‎m ined‎that even if fully‎funde‎d‎NASA’s‎progr‎a mme to repea‎t many of the achie‎v emen‎t s of the Appol‎o era, 50 years‎later‎was the least‎attra‎c tive‎appro‎ach to space‎explo‎ratio‎n as compa‎r ed to poten‎t ial alter‎n ativ‎e s.”‎the‎site‎says.Quest‎i ons 23 and 24 are based‎on the follo‎w ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given‎10 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the news.A Russi‎a n cargo‎ship with about‎30 crew membe‎r s aboar‎d was in dange‎r of sinki‎n g off Russi‎a’s‎easte‎r n coast‎while‎storm‎i ng weath‎e r inter‎f ered‎with rescu‎e effor‎t s , sate-run Itar-Tass news agenc‎y said Frida‎y.Ice had forme‎d on the outsi‎d e of the ship and the crew was chipp‎i ng it off. The crew sent out the distr‎e ssed‎signa‎l but there‎was no expla‎n atio‎n of the probl‎e m. Becau‎s e of the sever‎e weath‎e r aircr‎a ft‎can’t‎be‎used‎to‎rescu‎e the crew. Accor‎d ing to Itar-Tass the vesse‎l is about‎19 miles‎from the oil rig where‎rescu‎e vesse‎l s are based‎, while‎a tugbo‎a t dispa‎t ched‎from land were still‎about‎4 times‎farth‎e r away. “The cargo‎ship had been on route‎to a fishi‎n g area when it exper‎i ence‎d probl‎e ms.” The news agenc‎y repor‎t ed, “The ship hauls‎fish from boats‎to ports‎.”Quest‎i ons 25 and 26 are based‎on the follo‎w ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given‎10 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the news.Dozen‎s of recor‎d ing stars‎began‎conve‎r ging‎on a Holly‎w ood studi‎o Monda‎y to add their‎voice‎s to a song. They hoped‎to raise‎milli‎o ns of dolla‎r s for Haiti‎a n earth‎q uake‎relie‎f. The words‎and music‎are updat‎e d versi‎o n of we’re‎the world‎,a song that raise‎d at least‎$30 milli‎o n for Afric‎a n human‎i tari‎a n progr‎a mme 25 years‎ago. Lione‎l Richi‎e who co-worke‎d the first‎song with Macha‎e l Jacks‎o n is organ‎i zing‎the effor‎t. The origi‎n al produ‎c er Quinc‎y Jones‎is using‎the same studi‎o he used in 1985. Repor‎t ers and secur‎i ty surro‎u nded‎Hanso‎n Studi‎o s, antic‎i pati‎n g the arriv‎a l of limou‎s ines‎deliv‎ering‎stars‎on Monda‎y after‎n oon for what is expec‎t to be a marat‎h on recor‎d ing sessi‎o n. Smoky‎Robin‎s on who sang on the origi‎n al said the at least‎100 singe‎r s asked‎to take part does not inclu‎d e any of the 45 stars‎from the previ‎o us versi‎o n. Organ‎i zers‎have not said when the song might‎be ready‎for the world‎to hear.Quest‎i on 27 and 28 are based‎on the follo‎w ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given‎10 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the news.A T & T plans‎to spend‎18 billi‎o n dolla‎r s in 2010 upgra‎d ing its wirel‎e ss netwo‎r ks to handl‎e the incre‎a sing‎amoun‎t of new traff‎i c. This is rough‎l y 2 billi‎o n dolla‎r s more than the compa‎n y had inves‎t ed in the previ‎o us year. Speci‎f ical‎l y A T & T will add 2000 new cell sites‎and upgra‎d e exist‎i ng cell sites‎with 3 times‎more fiber‎links‎than it had in 2009. This will incre‎a se capac‎i ty to conne‎c t the cell tower‎s to A T & T’s‎ma in netwo‎r k. A T & T, which‎is the only wirel‎e ss opera‎t or in the US selli‎n g iPhon‎e, had been a targe‎t of much criti‎c ism over this past year as many iPhon‎e subsc‎r iber‎s,parti‎c ular‎l y in dense‎l y popul‎a ted urban‎areas‎have compl‎a ined‎about‎dropp‎e d calls‎, slow Inter‎net acces‎s and poor servi‎c e. Some criti‎c s claim‎e d the compa‎n y has not been spend‎i ng enoug‎h on netwo‎r k upgra‎d es to keep up with growi‎n g deman‎d. A T & T has ackno‎w ledg‎e d that it has faced‎some diffi‎c ulti‎e s parti‎c ular‎l y in big citie‎s, but the compa‎n y is closi‎n g the gap.Quest‎i ons 29 and 30 are based‎on the follo‎w ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given‎10 secon‎d s to answe‎r the quest‎i ons. Now, liste‎n to the news.An Olymp‎i cs secur‎i ty plan, five years‎in the makin‎g, is takin‎g shape‎in Vanco‎u ver this week. The Canad‎i an polic‎e since‎handi‎n g up the 900 milli‎o n dolla‎r s secur‎i ty opera‎t ion the large‎s t in Canad‎a’s‎histo‎r y. It would‎invol‎v e 15,000 polic‎e, priva‎t e secur‎i ty and milit‎a ry perso‎n nel. The Winte‎r Olymp‎i cs would‎take pace Feb. 12 to 28 in 2010 in Vanco‎u ver. Polit‎i cal prote‎s t may post big threa‎t s to the games‎. The threa‎t of a terro‎r ist attac‎k is reall‎y as low, but the memor‎y of the 1972 Monic‎h Olymp‎i cs has not gone away. That year a terro‎r ist group‎attac‎k ed the athle‎t es’‎villa‎g e, event‎u ally‎killi‎n g 11 Israe‎l i athle‎t es and coach‎e s. It is no coinc‎i denc‎e that in Vanco‎u ver secur‎i ty patro‎l s are parti‎c ular‎l y evide‎n t aroun‎d the low-rise apart‎m ent build‎i ngs where‎the athle‎t es would‎be house‎d. In downt‎o wn Vanco‎u ver some roads‎are alrea‎d y close‎d and rings‎of secur‎i ty fenci‎n g surro‎u nd some key venue‎s. Perch‎e d on top of fenci‎n g is never‎work from 900 surve‎i llan‎c e camer‎a s to detec‎t intru‎s ions‎.。

2011年12月英语四级真题解析+听力原文

Listening Comprehension短对话答案Section A11.W:This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused.I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?M:Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q:What does the man suggest the woman do?【答案】B)Go and ask the staff.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

从对话中可知，女士搞不清楚列车时刻表，男士建议她去售票窗口咨询。

ticket window售票窗口。

12.W:I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night.Did you get home in time to see it?W:Oh,yes,but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.Q:What does the man mean?【答案】A)He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.【解析】这是道推理判断题，考查男士的言下之意以及虚拟语气。

could have done意为本可以做某事，但未做。

从对话中可知，男士确实回家看了电视节目，但是他说道：I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.我真希望自己当时能再晚点睡着，这样我就可以看完整场节目了。

说明他没有看完整场节目就睡着了。

13.W:Airport,please.I’m running a little late.So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.M:Sure,but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.Q:What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?【答案】B)She is worried about missing her flight.【解析】这是道场景题，略有难度。

2011年英语专业四级考试听力原文

PART I DICTATIONBritish Holidaying HabitsIn the late 1970s, air travel became affordable／for the average family in the UK,／and more people started travelling abroad for their summer holidays.／After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer,／so a lot of people left the country for a vacation.／In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became wealthier on average.／As a result, they started to go abroad in groups,／to places such as Spain and Greece.／Once they arrived at their destination,／they met with other groups of young people and had one long party.／British holidaying habits have begun to change, however.／Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate,／so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather.／Also, going abroad is more expensive.／As a result, more British people are choosing to spend their summer holidays in the UK.／PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.Woman: Good afternoon, International Trade Center Exhibition Services. How can I help? Man: Oh, hello. I’d like some information about exhibiting at the I nternational Automobile Show. Woman: The Auto Show? So, what would you like to know?Man: First, can you give me an idea of how big the fair is?Woman: Well, 121 companies had stands last year and that figure should be up to 140 this time. Man: Sorry, how many?Woman: 140.Man: What about visiting numbers?Woman: Over the two days, we had 16,500 visitors, so with more stands we’d hope for more people this time.Man: And where did they typically come from?Woman: About 57% were from overseas: America and Europe, Japan, Singapore and South Korea. The remained were local people.Man: That’s interesting. N ow, a few practical questions. We’re thinking of taking a stand about 45 square meters. How much will that cost us?Woman: $400 per square meter.Man: Sorry, can you give me the cost again?Woman: Y es. It’s $400. So if you’re looking at 45 square meters, it would be, let me see, $18000. But that’s just the cost for a basic stand.Man: What does the price include?Woman: You get a listing in the catalogue in both Chinese and English, some basic furniture——a desk and four chairs, and electricity in lighting.Man: So anything else would be extra like a poster.Woman: That’s right.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.Man: Hello Linda.Woman: Hello Jim.Man: I’m thinking of invest ing in your new educational computer that your company has produced. And I’m interested in the advert ising campaign.Woman: Oh, thank you. What would you like to know?Man: I’ve read your campaign plan. It looks OK. I only have a couple of questions, mainly about where you intend to place these advertisements.Woman: Well, as you can see from the plan, we intend to place them in family magazines and on early evening television. We want whole families that parents and children to see them.Man: Mmm…but are you sure they’ll be the right families?Woman: The right families? Well…Man: I mean are you certain that the parents who read those magazines and watch those television programs are the people who will buy an educational computer for their children?Woman: Y es, we are quite certain. A market research shows that…Man: Good. I’m sure you’re right. And I see that you’re thinking of placing advertisements in teenage magazines as well.Woman: Y es, we intend to place them in some teenage magazines, the more serious ones, you know. And we’re also thinking of putting them in Sunday newspapers because it’s likely t hat the whole family will be together on Sundays.Man: I see, but do you really think that the parents and children will like the same advertisements? Woman: We’ve done the research and we think they’ll like our advertisements.Man: Good.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.Woman: Hello. I’m Sue Green. Y ou must be John Fox.Man: Y es, I am.Woman: Thanks for coming to the job interview. Let me ask you a few questions.Man: Y es, please.Woman: Have you got any work experience?Man: Y es. I had a job in a paper factory for a few months after I left school. Then I worked in the summer holidays in the university, first in a fast-food restaurant, then at a book shop.Woman: Ok. Do you drive? Have you got a driving license?Man: Y es, I have.Woman: That’s fine then. So what kind of interests do you have?Man: Interests? Well, I like travelling. I play a lot of sports and I play the piano.Woman: What sorts of sports do you like?Man: Football, tennis and swimming.Woman: Right. And what sort of music do you play?Man: Oh, a lot of, different types, classical, jazz.Woman: Ok, the most important question now. What experience have you had with children? Man: W ell, I’ve looked after my brother and sister as babies and as they’re young children. I alsoworked with children in a youth club.Woman: A youth club?Man: Y es. I’ve been working as a helper in a youth club since I studie d in university as a sort of a volunteer with teenagers.Woman: Good. Ok, well, let you know our decisions in a few days.Man: Thank you.SECTION B PASSAGESQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.Few people expect luxury while flying, but these days, even the basic seems to be in bad shape. It’s not uncommon to find your trade table broken, the in-flight entertainment system not working and your seat cushion worn. All of this can make you think how old is this plane anyway.The reality for many US air travelers is that most of their journeys take place on planes that have been in service for a decade or more. The average age of the fleet of the seven large USA passenger airlines is about 14 years old according to the airline monitor. It found American and Delta Northwest have the oldest fleets at about 16 years on average.At the end of 2008, a small percentage of the merged Delta Northwest planes dated back to the late 1960s. “US. fleets are among the oldest in the world,” said Richard Albelafia, an elevation analyst, “ I’m not really sure th at people should read that much into that.” Albelafia said, “ For the safety’s stand point, a lot of the old planes will build tougher and with proper maintenance. There’s no reason why a plane can stay safe for 25 to 30 years. It’s also important to remember that the plane may be 20 years old, but its engines and other major systems could be recently manufactured and upgraded.” said Albelafia, “There’s less pressure on the airlines to upgrade the interior unless the safety issue or redesign that will save money.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.Higher education isn’t for everyone and people have a variety of parts to choose from once they graduate from high school. They might know from the start that they want to go street to the professional world. If you’re in the market for a job that doesn’t require a degree but does come with a nice salary, here are a few jobs to consider:Assembly supervisors oversee workers who put together products by using power tools or other dangerous equipment; the annual salary is $59,926.At construction side assistant site managers report to the head site manager and plan, direct and coordinate the necessary tasks to complete that day’s activities. Salary: $86,584.And automobile service station manager draws up guidelines for gas stations and automobile repair shops and decides on our operations, a signs of job duties, and sets prices for services and products. Salary: $81,793.Carpenter supervisors oversee carpentry work on a specify project to ensure that workers on schedule and executing the plan accordingly. The supervisors also perform some of carpenter duties if time permits. Salary: $70,565.Airlines flight services managers ensure that flight attendance adhere to personal experience and pre-flight requirements. They also compile fly reports. Salary: $ 67,766.Illustrators design funs and imges for variety of media from website to printing campaigns and video. They often work for advertisement agencies. Salary: $54,995.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.The police released the first video images yesterday of the two men believed to have been involved in robbing a jewelry shop in the city seven days ago. But the video pictures taken a week ago were not very clear. The camera which filmed the men was about 200 meters away from a parked lorry which the robbers later used as a get-away vehicle. The men were also filmed wearing hoods as they ran towards the lorry after the robbery. The pictures are timed at 9:05 a.m. last Saturday, just half an hour before the robbery occurred. Witnesses have confirmed that at some time during this half hour, they saw the two men without hoods leave the lorry separately. Despite the quality of the video, the police believe the robbers are distinct enough to be identified. The first suspect who got out of the driver side of the lorry was about 5 foot 6 inches tall and fat. He was wearing a grey jacket with a hood and dark trousers. The passenger was slimmer and slightly taller, about 5 foot 8 inches and was wearing light blue jeans and a white jacket with a hooded jogging top. According to the police, the lorry stored in the parking lot of the city mall last month had been repainted from white to silver and faded with false registration plates.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.American astronauts would not return to the moon as planed if US congress passes president Obama’s propose d budget. Obama’s budget which aims to cut funding in certain areas while increasing money used to create jobs would cancel NASA’s constellation programme. The programme has sought to send astronauts back to the moon by 2020. NASA’s programme also intended to study the idea of establishing a moon colony. The programme was set to follow the US space agency’s shuttle missions which are due to end in September. On its website, the White House Budget Office says the programme to send astronauts to the moon is behind schedule, over budget and overall less important than other space investments. “Using a broad range of criteria, an independent review panel determined that even if fully funded NASA’s programme to repeat many of the achievements of the Appolo era, 50 years later was the least attractive approach to space exploration as compared to potential alternative s.” the site says.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.A Russian cargo ship with about 30 crew members aboard was in danger of sinking off Russia’s eastern coast while storming weather interfered with rescue efforts , sate-run Itar-Tass news agency said Friday.Ice had formed on the outside of the ship and the crew was chipping it off. The crew sent out the distressed signal but there was no explanation of the problem. Because of the severe weather aircraft can’t be used to rescue the crew. According to Itar-Tass the vessel is about 19 miles from the oil rig where rescue vessels are based, while a tugboat dispatched from land were still about 4 times farther away. “The cargo ship had been on route to a fishing area when it experienced problems.” The news agency reported, “The ship hauls fish from boats to ports.”Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.Dozens of recording stars began converging on a Hollywood studio Monday to add their voices to a song. They hoped to raise millions of dollars for Haitian earthquake relief. The words and music are updated version of we’re the world, a song that raised at least $30 million for African humanitarian programme 25 years ago. Lionel Richie who co-worked the first song with Machael Jackson is organizing the effort. The original producer Quincy Jones is using the same studio he used in 1985. Reporters and security surrounded Hanson Studios, anticipating the arrival of limousines delivering stars on Monday afternoon for what is expect to be a marathon recording session. Smoky Robinson who sang on the original said the at least 100 singers asked to take part does not include any of the 45 stars from the previous version. Organizers have not said when the song might be ready for the world to hear.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.A T & T plans to spend 18 billion dollars in 2010 upgrading its wireless networks to handle the increasing amount of new traffic. This is roughly 2 billion dollars more than the company had invested in the previous year. Specifically A T & T will add 2000 new cell sites and upgrade existing cell sites with 3 times more fiber links than it had in 2009. This will increase capacity to connect the cell towers to A T & T’s ma in network. A T & T, which is the only wireless operator in the US selling iPhone, had been a target of much criticism over this past year as many iPhone subscribers, particularly in densely populated urban areas have complained about dropped calls, slow Internet access and poor service. Some critics claimed the company has not been spending enough on network upgrades to keep up with growing demand. A T & T has acknowledged that it has faced some difficulties particularly in big cities, but the company is closing the gap. Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.An Olympics security plan, five years in the making, is taking shape in V ancouver this week. The Canadian police since handing up the 900 million dollars security operation the largest in Canada’s history. It would involve 15,000 police, private security and military personnel. The Winter Olympics would take pace Feb. 12 to 28 in 2010 in V ancouver. Political protest may post big threats to the games. The threat of a terrorist attack is really as low, but the memory of the 1972 Monich Olympics has not gone away. That year a terrorist group attacked the athletes’ village, eventually killing 11 Israeli athletes and coaches. It is no coincidence that in V ancouver security patrols are particularly evident around the low-rise apartment buildings where the athletes would be housed. In downtown V ancouver some roads are already closed and rings of security fencing surround some key venues. Perched on top of fencing is never work from 900 surveillance cameras to detect intrusions.。

2011年12月英语四级听力原文完整版

2011年12月英语四级听力原文完整版Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?12.W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing. Q: What does the man mean?13.W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?14.W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good. M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?15. W: now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.Q: What do we learn about the man?16. M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.Q: What does the woman imply?17. M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?Long ConversationConversation OneM: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.W: The seasons?M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short? W: So what is it like?M: Well, it is cold ,very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.W: And what about the darkness?M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. It’s still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.M: Yeah, that’s right, but it’s wonderful. You won’t stay up all night. And the Swedes makes most of it often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.Q19: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q20: What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?Q21: How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden? Q21: What does the man say about the Swedish people?Conversation TwoW: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?M: That’s a very good question. I don’t think there is any, specifically.W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background?M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people. Here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.M: Quite.W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful. W: Yes, indeed. Let’s see. Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?M: Yes, from the Woolen District.Q23. What was the man’s major at university?Q24: What was the man’s job in secondary schools?Q25: What attracted the man to Nottingham University?23.A）Management.B）FrenchC）English literatureD）Public Administration24. A）English teaching.B）Staff training.C）Careers guidance.D）Psychological counseling25. A）Its pleasant environment.B）Its worldwide fame.C）Its generous scholarship.D）Its well-designed courses.23. What was the man’s major at university?答案：B）French.解析：细节题。

201112四级听力原文

11. W: This crazy bus schedule has got mecompletely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?12.W: I really enjoyed the TV Special about giraffes lastnight. Did you get home in time to see it?M: Oh, yes. But I wish I could have stayed awake long enoughto see the whole thing。

Q: What does the man mean?13.W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late, so justtake the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct。

M: Sure, but there’s a lot of traffic everywhere todaybecause of the football game。

Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?14.W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our sea food with thisspecial sauce is very good。

M: Thank you. But I don’t eat shellfish, I’m allergic to it。

2011年12月英语四级真题解析+听力原文

Listening Comprehension短对话答案Section A11.W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?【答案】B) Go and ask the staff.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

从对话中可知，女士搞不清楚列车时刻表，男士建议她去售票窗口咨询。

ticket window售票窗口。

12.W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.Q: What does the man mean?【答案】A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.【解析】这是道推理判断题，考查男士的言下之意以及虚拟语气。

could have done意为本可以做某事，但未做。

从对话中可知，男士确实回家看了电视节目，但是他说道：I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing. 我真希望自己当时能再晚点睡着，这样我就可以看完整场节目了。

说明他没有看完整场节目就睡着了。

13.W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?【答案】B) She is worried about missing her flight.【解析】这是道场景题，略有难度。

2011年12月四级真题答案听力原文范文

快速阅读:1. A) sticks to them in their daily life2. C) It is the basis of mutual trust.3. A) To ensure we make responsible choices.4. B) it is claimed to be unintentional5. A) Avoid making excuses.6. C) value immediate benefits most7. A) pay more dearly8. steal a grade9. honesty and good faith10. the Watergate scandal听力：Section A11. B) Go and ask the staff.12. A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.13. B) She is worried about missing her flight.14. A) In a restaurant15.A) He is being interviewed for a job.16.B) The man is unlikely to move out of thedormitory.17.D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.18.B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.19.B)He prefers hot weather to cold weather.20.B)The cold houses21.C)Depressing22.B)They work hard and play hard.23.What was the man’s major at university? 答案：B) French24. What was the man’s job in secondary schools?答案：C) careers guidance25. What attracted the man to Nottingham University?答案：B) Its pleasant environmentSection BPassage One26. A. The art of Japanese brush painting27. A. To enhance concentration28. C. How listeners in different cultures show respectPassage Two29. A. Buying and maintaining equipment30. A. Two of his employees committed theft31. D. Advancement to a higher promotion32. D. She is competing with Chris for that new job.Passage Three33. A) They help us see the important values of a culture.34. B) The values they reflect may change.35. A) They help us see the important values of a culture.Section C36. company37. single38. completely39. vacation40. sewn41. electricity42. Evidence43. journey44. I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything.45. what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices.46. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody. what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices.深度阅读：Section A47. H) growth48. A) stable49. N) challenges50. O) certainly51. D) role52. M) combined53. C) significant54. G) included55. K) comprise56. B) solutionsSection BPassage One57. C) encourage boys to express their emotions more freely58. A) perform relatively better59. C) It fails to give boys the attention they need.60. A) teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys61. C) They have sharper vision.Passage Two62. C) It makes all the hard work worthwhile.63. D) Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.64. A) conflicts between couples tend to rise65. D) Men and women view money indifferent ways.66. C) discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship完型填空67. B) reveals68. D) staff69. A) while70. B) shortages71. A) surveyed72. B) private73. C) concerned74. D) recruit75. D) As76. B) for77. D) intensify78. B) technical79. A) priority80. D) subjects81. D) if82. A) rate83. B) particular84. A) highlighted85. B) workforce86. C) where翻译87. raise money for the survivors in the earthquake88. couldn’t have received my e-mail89. who keeps on encouraging me to keep my chin upwho keeps encouraging me not to lose heartwho keeps on cheering me up90. take the popularity of the novel into consideration/account91. define happiness solely/only by money听力原文Section A11. W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?12. W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.Q: What does the man mean?13. W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.M: Sure, but there is a lot of trafficeverywhere today because of the football game.Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?14. W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?15. W: now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.Q: What do we learn about the man?16. M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.Q: What does the woman imply?17. M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?Long ConversationConversation OneM: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.W: The seasons?M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?W: So what is it like?M: Well, it is cold ,very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.W: And what about the darkness?M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see thesummers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. It’s still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.M: Yeah, that’s right, but it’s wonderful. You won’t stay up all night. And the Swedes makes most of it often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.Q: 19: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q: 20: What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter? Q: 21: How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas inSweden?Q: 21: What does the man say about the Swedish people?Conversation TwoW: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?M: That’s a very good question. I don’t think there is any, specifically.W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background?M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people. Here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which youcan attend now.W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the adm inistrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.M: Quite.W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful.W: Yes, indeed. Let’s see. Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?M: Yes, from the Woolen District. Q: 23. What was the man’s major at university?Q: 24: What was the man’s job in secondary schools?Q: 25: What attracted the man to Nottingham University?Section BPassage OneWhile Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimesclosed their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult. Questions:26, What did Obcamp’s speech focus on? 27, Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech? 28, What does the speaker try to explain?Passage TwoChris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chrisbegan a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees the Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. What is Chris’s main responsibility at Taxlong Company?30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?32. What do we learn about Kim from the passage?Passage ThreeProverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values isimportant too. If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.Questions 33- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. Why are proverbs so important?34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?Section CCompound DictationOur lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own company, I no longer imagine I can get through a single day much less all my life completely on my own. Even if I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using electricity someone else is distributing to my house. Evidence of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this journey together.As I was growing up, I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything. “Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet”or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it.Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.作文范文Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillThere is an old saying: where there is a will, there is a way. It tells us that a strong will is the most essential quality that anyone who wants to achieve success. It can contribute a lot to one’s success.Although “All roads lead to Rome”, none of them is completely smooth. Our life is filled with obstacles which may make us feel so hopeless that we may choose to give up. At the crucial moment, strong will helps a lot. As a matter of fact, the ability to work through difficult situation and unfortunate events with strong will can make one stronger and more capable. In other words, if we want to realize life’s goal, we must keep forging ahead with strong consciousness.From what has been discussed above, we can see that the establishment of tough determination is of great importance to everyone. With a strong will, including our knowledge, we will be able to deal with anysituation in our life. Whatever we do, as long as we stick to and do not give up easily, we will realize the goal at last.Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will No great work can be performed without will. We envy famous men and imagine that fame was due to some trock of luck. But when we know their histories, we find that it is long years of will and constant effort that have brought about their success. Just as we can't reach the top of a mountain without climbing, we can't achieve success without will.The modern society provides people with more opportunities than before, and there are stories which tell us the possibility of becoming successful overnight. Actually that is not the case. Before these people become successful, a lot of hard work has been done, unnoticed mostly. What weusually see is the result, but what we ignore is a long process of struggling forward and wrestling with internal or external obstacles. Take "quitting smoking" for example, which is , to most people , a difficult task, so people always give up the idea for they don't have the strong will.In a nutshell, strong will is an important condition or role of the success the individual should desire to maintain forever. There is no instant success in this world. Strong will is the best policy to make your life distinct and your dreams come true.Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillAs we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite. Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and perseverance. Concentrate your energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself.。

2011年6月大学英语四级考试听力原文及答案

2011年06月大学英语四级真题Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A11. A) He is careless about his appearance. B).He is ashamed of his present condition.C).He changes jobs frequently. D).He shaves every other day.12. A) Jane may be caught in a traffic jam. B).Jane should have started a little earlier.C).He knows what sort of person Jane is. D).He is irritated at having to wait for Jane.13. A) Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championships.B).Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip.C).Collecting information about baseball games.D).Analyzing their rivals' on-field performance.14. A) He had a narrow escape in a car accident. B). He is hospitalized for a serious injury.C).He lost his mother two weeks ago. D).He has been having a hard time.15. A) The woman has known the speaker for a long time.B).The man had difficulty understanding the lecture.C).The man is making a fuss about nothing.D).The woman thinks highly of the speaker.16. A) He has difficulty making sense of logic.B).Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects.C).The woman should seek help from the tutoring service.D).Tutoring services are very popular with students.17. A) Her overcoat is as stylish as Jill's. C) Jill wore the overcoat last week.B) Jill missed her class last week. D) She is in the same class as the man.18. A) A computer game. C) An exciting experience.B) An imaginary situation. D) A vacation by the sea.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) Beautiful scenery in the countryside. C) Pain and pleasure in sports.B) Dangers of cross-country skiing. D) A sport he participates in.20.A) He can't find good examples to illustrate his point.B)He can't find a peaceful place to do the assignment.C)He doesn't know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.D)He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.21. A) New ideas come up as you write.B)Much time is spent on collecting data.C)A lot of effort is made in vain.D)The writer's point of view often changes.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.21.A). Journalist of a local newspaper. B).Director of evening radio programs.C).Producer of television commercials. D). Hostess of the weekly "Business World".23. A).He ran three restaurants with his wife's help.B).He and his wife did everything by themselves.C).He worked both as a cook and a waiter.D).He hired a cook and two local waitresses.24. A).He hardly needs to do any advertising nowadays.B).He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.C).He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.D).He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.25.A) The restaurant location. C) The food variety.B) The restaurant atmosphere. D) The food price.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Its protection is often neglected by children. B) It cannot be fully restored once damaged.C) There are many false notions about it. D) There are various ways to protect it.27. A) It may make the wearer feel tired.B) It will gradually weaken the eyes of adults.C) It can lead to the loss of vision in children.D) It can permanently change the eye structure.28. A) It can never be done even with high technology.B) It is the best way to restore damaged eyesight.C)It is a major achievement in eye surgery.D) It can only be partly accomplished now.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.A)They think they should follow the current trend.B) Nursing homes are well-equipped and convenient.C) Adult day-care centers are easily accessible.D) They have jobs and other commitments.30.A)They don't want to use up all their life savings.B) They fear they will regret it afterwards.C) They would like to spend more time with them.D) They don't want to see their husbands poorly treated.31. A) Provide professional standard care. C) Be frank and seek help from others.B) Be affectionate and cooperative. D) Make full use of community facilities.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Health and safety conditions in the workplace.B) Rights and responsibilities of company employees.C) Common complaints made by office workers.D) Conflicts between labor and management.33. A) Replace its out-dated equipment.B)Improve the welfare of affected workers.C)Follow government regulations strictly.D)Provide extra health compensation.34. A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.B)They quit work to protect their unborn babies.C)They sought help from union representatives.D)They wanted to work shorter hours.35. A) To show how they love winter sports.B)To attract the attention from the media.C)To protest against the poor working conditions.D)To protect themselves against the cold weather.Section CContrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts (宇航员) someday may (36) _____ so long in space that they would return to an Earth of the (37) _____ future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still. If you could move faster than light, your time would move (38) _____.Although no form of matter yet (39) _____ moves as fast as or faster than light, (40) _____ experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (41) _____ causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein (42) _____ this in 1905, when he (43) _____ the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter (44) ____________________________________.An obsession (沉迷) with time – saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and mastering it – (45)____________________________________. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein (46) ____________________________________. Thus, time and time's relativity are measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.答案：11. A He is careless about his appearance.12. A Jane may be caught in a traffic jam.13. A Training for the Mi-Atlantic Championship.14. D He has been having a hard time.15. D The woman thinks highly of the speaker.16. C The woman should seek help from the tutoring service.17. C Jill wore the overcoat last week.18. B An imaginary situation.19. D. A sport he participates in.20. D He can’t decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.21. A New ideas come up as you write.22. D Hostess of the weekly “Business World”.23. B He and his wife did everything by themselves.24. B He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.25. B The restaurant atmosphere.26. A There are many false notions about it.27. C It can lead to the loss of vision in children.28. D It can only be partly accomplished now.29. D They have jobs and other commitments.30. A They don’t want to use up all their life savings.31. C Be frank and seek help from others.32. A Health and safety conditions in the workplace.33. A Replace its out-dated equipment.34. A They requested to transfer to a safer department.35. C To protest against the poor working conditions.36. survive37. distant38. backward39. discovered40. scientific41. motion42. predicted43. Introduced44. that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past45. seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed46. used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock.。

2011年6月英语四级真题解析+听力原文

2011年6月英语四级考试真题详细解析Part I Writing标准版Doing Shopping OnlineWith the development of the Internet,shopping is no longer a tiring thing.Just click your mouse to choose the articles you like,and the purchase is done.You don't even have to step out of the room.It seems all easy and quick.However,people's opinions vary on this trend.Some believe that on line shopping is time and money saving.With plentiful selection options,they can buy whatever they like at any time convenient.Still others insist that mis-purchasing alone is annoying enough,not to mention the credibility of the sellers and the safety of their accounts.In my opinion,the convenience and excitement of on line shopping is beyond all doubts.In the meantime,we must always bear in mind that certain traps do exist,so we'd better make sure the sellers are trustworthy before buying.In addition,we should also guard ourselves from the potential hackers who might steal our account information.文章点评：这是一篇“中等偏上”的学生作文。

2011年专四真题及答案(含听力原文)

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN] In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?A. The show will have more stands this year.B. The show will have more visitors this year.C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.2. According to the conversation, the price for a stand would includeA. a catalogue.B. a poster.C. two desks.D. four chairs.3. During the conversation, the man seems to be more interested inA. the size of the show.B. the cost of the stand.C. the basic furniture.D. the visitor number.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. What is Jim interested in?A. Investing in the company’s product.B. Buying a new educational computer.C. Joining the computer company.D. Reading the campaign plan.5. The advertisements will be placed in all the following EXCEPTA. family magazines.B. Sunday newspapers.C. morning television.D. teenage magazines.6. The advertisements are intended to be seen byA. parents only.B. children only.C. school teachers.D. whole families.7. Linda sounds about the success of the campaign plan.A. confidentB. hesitantC. uncertainD. delightedQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. John has worked in all the following places EXCEPTA. a book shop.B. a paper factory.C. a school.D. a fast-food restaurant.9. From the conversation, we learn that JohnA. has no interest.B. has only one interest.C. has two interests.D. has quite a few interests.10. Sue Green seems to be more interested in John’s experience ofA. working in a paper factory.B. working in a youth club.C. looking after his brother and sister.D. looking after his young friends.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to the passage, the average age of the fleet of Delta/Northwest isA. 10 years.B. 14 years.C. 16 years.D. 20 years.12. It can be learned from the passage thatA. air journeys are quite often far from comfortable.B. air travellers usually enjoy luxury during flight.C. air travellers usually enjoy upgraded conditions.D. airlines always provide good in-flight entertainment.13. Older planes can stay safe for more than 25 years because of the following EXCEPTA. new engines.B. strong materials.C. proper maintenance.D. new interior.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. Which job will involve supervising workers using dangerous equipment?A. Assistant site manager.B. Carpenter supervisor.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Automobile service station manager.15. Who will also decide on the prices of products and services?A. Airlines’ flight service manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Assistant site manager.D. Carpenter supervisor.16. Who may also do some of the work he supervises?A. Assistant site manager.B. Airlines’ flight service manager.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Carpenter supervisor.17. Which job offers the highest salary?A. Assistant site manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Carpenter supervisor.D. Airlines’ flight service manager.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. Where were the two men filmed?A. In the jewelry shop.B. In the City Mall.C. Near the lorry.D. In the parking lot.19. Witnesses saw the two menA. leave the lorry together.B. leave the lorry without hoods.C. run back to the lorry separately.D. run back to the lorry without hoods.20. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. The lorry was originally painted white.B. The lorry had no registration plates.C. The shorter man was the passenger.D. The taller man was the driver.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What did NASA’s Constellation Programme originally plan to do?A. To set up a moon colony by 2020.B. To send astronauts again to the moon by 2020.C. To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.D. To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.22. NASA’s Constellation Programme would be cancelled mainly becauseA. there were important space missions.B. the space agency lacked funding for the programme.C. the current shuttle missions would continue.D. Congress failed to pass President Obama’s budget.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. The Russian cargo ship was sinking. What was the direct cause?A. No explanation of the problem.B. Long distance away from land.C. Slow rescue efforts.D. Severe weather.24. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a possible means of rescue?A. Aircraft.B. Tugboat.C. Nearby cargo ship.D. Vessels at the oil rig.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. Why did the singers meet in Hollywood?A. To raise money for African humanitarian efforts.B. To raise money for Haitian earthquake victims.C. To sing in memory of Michael Jackson.D. To make a recording of the original version of the song.26. Which o the following details about the news is INCORRECT?A. The organizer is one of the co-writers of the first song.B. Singers will use the same recording studio as in 1985.C. The recording session s expected to last long.D. Stars from the original version will take part.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. The additional 2 billion dollars will mainly be used toA. upgrade its network capacity.B. improve customer services.C. develop new products.D. market more iPhones.28. Where does AT&T face difficulties in particular?A. Nationwide.B. Overseas.C. In large cities.D. In remote towns.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Where is the presence of security patrols most evident?A. Where matches take place.B. Where protests may take place.C. In downtown Vancouver.D. Around the athletes’ village.30. What is this news item mainly about?A. Political protest during the Olympics.B. Security operations during the Olympics.C. Olympics’ security forces.D. Security measures in buildings.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN] Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.“Congratulations, Mr. Cooper. It’s a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and (31) a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel (32) when they receive the news, (33)others worry, wondering whether they will be good father. (34) there are some men who like children and may have had (35) experience with them, others do not particularly (36) children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. (37) other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have (38) willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the (39) to the birth of a child, it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to (40) of a father is a difficult task. (41) , unfortunately, few attempts have been made to (42) fathers in this resocialization (43) . Although numerous books have been written about mothers, (44) recently has literature focused on the (45) ofa father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not (46) as great as the transition the wife must (47) to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete (48) in daily routine. (49) , the father’s role is less demanding and (50) .31. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in32. A. emotional B. sentimental C. bewildered D. proud33. A. while B. when C. if D. as34. A. When B. If C. Although D. Yet35. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered36. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for37. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon38. A. received B. taken C. accepted D. obtained39. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality40. A. what B. this C. one D. that41. A. As a result B. For example C. Yet D. Also42. A. educate B. cultivate C. inform D. convert43. A. step B. process C. point D. time44. A. / B. just C. quite D. only45. A. role B. work C. career D. position46. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost47. A. take B. make C. carry D. accept48. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception49. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. However50. A. current B. immediate C. present D. quickPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man he wasfifteen years ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?A. Beg your pardon.B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again!D. What noise you are making!53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn’t win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.54. When you have finished with the book, don’t forget to return it to Tim, ?A. do youB. will youC. don’t youD. won’t you55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the –ING participle is usedA. as a command.B. as a condition.C. for concession.D. for emphasis.56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.57. It is not so much the language the cultural background that makes the bookdifficult to understand.A. asB. norC. butD. like58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?59. The additional work will take weeks.A. the otherB. another twoC. other twoD. the more60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.61. It’s getting late. I’d rather you now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave62. In the sentence “The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning”, the italicized word isused to modifyA. the object.B. the verb.C. the subject.D. the prepositional phrase.63. There is no doubt the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier thanplanned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when64. The sentence that expresses OFFER isA. I’ll get some drinks. What’ll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week?65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation (主谓关系)?A. Mr Smith’s passport has been issued.B. The visitor’s arrival was reported in the news.C. John’s travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore sells children’s stories.66. Our office has recently to a new computer system.A. alteredB. convertedC. transformedD. modified67. The crowd went as soon as the singer stepped onto the stage.A. wildB. emotionalC. uncontrolledD. unrestricted68. Our school library is closed for repairs.A. shortlyB. quicklyC. temporarilyD. rapidly69. John is up to his eyes in work at the moment. The underlined part means .A. very excitedB. very busyC. very tiredD. very efficient70. Victoria bumped into her brother quite by chance in the supermarket. The underlined wordmeans .A. riskB. opportunityC. possibilityD. luck71. “Look at those pretty girls’ skirts” is , because it is not clear whether the girls or theskirts are “pretty’.A. ambiguousB. hiddenC. indirectD. indistinct72. House repairs, holidays, school fees and other have reduced his bank balance toalmost nothing.A. amountB. paymentC. expensesD. figures73. It was really of you to remember my birthday.A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. considerableD. generous74. You can go to a travel agency and ask for a holiday .A. introductionB. advertisementC. bookD. brochure75. The city government is building more roads to the increasing number of cars.A. accommodateB. receiveC. acceptD. hold76. They’ve lifted a two-year-long economic on the country.A. enclosureB. restrictionC. blockadeD. prohibition77. Everyone is surprised that she has fallen out with her boy friend. The underlined part means.A. leftB. quarreledC. attackedD. defeated78. His plan is carefully prepared and full of details, so it is a very one.A. elaborateB. refinedC. ambitiousD. complex79. The girl’s voice was so low that we could hear her.A. seldomB. almostC. onlyD. barely80. She must have been pretty to fall for such an old trick.A. interestedB. gullibleC. enthusiasticD. shrewdPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AWe have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warning? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who’s responsible? Actually, it’s more like, What is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything that comes with it —Facebook, Twitter (微博). You can write your own list.There’s been a warning about the imminent death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived; in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before —there are more and more readers, and more and more books.The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering itsfollowers single-sentence-long “digests” of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span —that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg’s invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.81. Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?A. Paragraph One.B. Paragraph Two.C. Paragraph Three.D. Paragraph Four.82. The following are all cited as advantages of e-books EXCEPTA. multimodal content.B. environmental friendliness.C. convenience for readers.D. imaginative design.83. Which of the following can best describe how the author feels toward single-sentence-longnovels?A. Ironic.B. Worried.C. Sarcastic.D. Doubtful.84. According to the passage, people need knowledge of modern technology and tosurvive in the fast-changing society.A. good judgmentB. high sensitivityC. good imaginationD. the ability to focus85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.B. Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.C. Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.D. Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.TEXT BI know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen.Spring cleaning.I’ll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today’s busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is likeannouncing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order.“Honey, what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?” I say.“Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?” my husband answers.But I tell my family, spring cleaning can’t wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter’s hibernation (冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding “Awake and be clean!”Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring’s first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodies produce when it’s dark. When spring’s light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we’ve been hibernating in for four months.I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring’s arrival. I speak to them about life’s greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub, which hasn’t been properly cleaned since the first snowfall.“I’ll do it,” says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home.“You will? Wow!” I exclaim.Maybe after all these years, he’s finally grasped the concept. Maybe he’s expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he’s going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he’s being nice to me who is the financial-aid officer.No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning.“Awake and be clean!” I say.86. According to the passage, “…spring cleaning is difficult notion for modern families to grasp”means that spring cleaningA. is no longer an easy practice to understand.B. is no longer part of modern family life.C. requires more family members to be involved.D. calls for more complicated skills and knowledge.87. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?A. Beating the rugs.B. Cleaning the window.C. Restoring Wi-Fi services.D. Cleaning the backyard.88. Why does the author say “spring cleaning can’t wait”?A. Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer.B. Because the air is fresher and the breeze is lighter.C. Because the whole family is full of energy at spring time.D. Because the snow is melting and the ground is thawing.89. Which of the following interpretations of the biologists’theory about melatonin isINCORRECT?A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.B. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.C. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodies.D. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.90. Which of the following can best sum up the author’s overall reaction to her adult son’s positiveresponse to spring cleaning?A. Surprised and skeptical.B. Elated and hesitant.C. Relieved and optimistic.D. Optimistic and hesitant.TEXT CThese days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, “meet and look.” Many of them do so willingly. In today’s prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn’t reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren’ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn’t necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. “Today’s young people are quite calculating,” says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country’s history, the “Japanization”of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. “Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction,” Mrs. Akiyama says.Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age —in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men —they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40% of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It’s hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents; a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it’s less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughter, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents.)91. According to the passage, today’s young Japanese preferA. a traditional arranged marriage.B. a new type of arranged marriage.C. a Western love marriage.D. a more Westernized love marriage.92. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. A Western love marriage tends to miss some Japanese values.B. Less attention is paid to the partner’s qualification in arranged marriages.C. Young Japanese would often calculate their partner’s wealth.D. A new arranged marriage is a repetition of the older type.93. According to the passage, the figure 40% (Paragraph Five) is uncertain becauseA. there has been a big increase in the number of arranged marriages.B. Western love marriage still remains popular among young Japanese.C. young Japanese start dating very early in their life in a Western tradition.D. the tendency for arranged marriages could be stronger than is indicated.94. One of the big differences between a traditional nakodo and its contemporary version lies inthe wayA. wedding gifts are presented.B. a proposed partner is refused.C. formalities are arranged.D. the middleman/woman is chosen.95. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To tell the differences between an old and modern nakodo.B. To provide some examples for the traditional nakodo.C. To offer more details of the computerized nakodo.D. To sum up the main ideas and provide a conclusion.TEXT DCordia Harrington was tired of standing up all day and smelling like French fries at night. She owned and operated three McDonald’s shops in Illinois, but as a divorced mother of three boys, she yearned for a business that would provide for her children and let her spend more time with them.Her lucky moment came, strangely enough, after she was nominated in 1992 to be on the McDonald’s bun committee. “The company picked me up in a corporate jet to see bakeries around the world,” she recalls. “Every time I went to a meeting, I love it. This was global!”The experience opened her eyes to business possibilities. When McDonald’s decided it wanted a new bun supplier, Harrington became determined to win the contract, even though she had no experience running a bakery.Harrington studied the bakery business and made sure she was never off executives’ radar. “If you have a dream, you can’t wait for people to call you,” she says. “So I’d visit a mill and send them photos of myself in a baker’s hat and jacket, holding a sign that say ‘I want to be your baker.’” After four years and 32 interviews, her persistence paid off.Harrington sealed the deal with a handshake, sold her shops, and borrowed $13.5 million. She was ready to build the fastest, most automated bakery in the world.。

2011年6月完整可复制版四级听力真题、答案及原文

2011年6月完整可复制版四级听力真题、答案及原文Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions willbe asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. Duringthe pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) He is careless about his appearance.B) He is ashamed of his present condition.C) He changes jobs frequently.D) He shaves every other day.12. A) Jane may be caught in a traffic jam.B) Jane should have started a little earlier.C) He knows what sort of person Jane is.D) He is irritated at having to wait for Jane.13. A) Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championships.B) Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip.C) Collecting information about baseball games.D) Analyzing their rivals' on-field performance.14. A) He had a narrow escape in a car accident.B) He is hospitalized for a serious injury.C) He lost his mother two weeks ago.D) He has been having a hard time.15. A) The woman has known the speaker for a long time.B) The man had difficulty understanding the lecture.C) The man is making a fuss about nothing.D) The woman thinks highly of the speaker.16. A) He has difficulty making sense of logic.B) Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects.C) The woman should seek help from the tutoring service.D) Tutoring services are very popular with students.17. A) Her overcoat is as stylish as Jill's.C) Jill wore the overcoat last week.B) Jill missed her class lastweek.D) She is in the same class as the man.18. A) A computer game. C) An exciting experience.B) An imaginary situation. D) A vacation by the sea.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Beautiful scenery in the countryside.B) Dangers of cross-country skiing.C) Pain and pleasure in sports.D) A sport he participates in.20. A) He can't find good examples to illustrate his point.B) He can't find a peaceful place to do the assignment.C) He doesn't know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.21. A) New ideas come up as you write.B) Much time is spent on collecting data.C) A lot of effort is made in vain.D) The writer's point of view often changes.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Journalist of a local newspaper.B) Director of evening radio programs.C) Producer of television commercials.D) Hostess of the weekly "Business World".23. A) He ran three restaurants with his wife's help.B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.C) He worked both as a cook and a waiter.=D) He hired a cook and two local waitresses.24. A) He hardly needs to do any advertising nowadays.B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.C) He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.D) He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.25. A) The restaurant location. C) The food variety.B) The restaurant atmosphere. D) The food price.Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 shortpassages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Boththe passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you heara question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have justheard.26. A) Its protection is often neglected bychildren.B) It cannot be fully restored once damaged.C) There are many false notions aboutD) There are various ways to protect it.27 A) It may make the wearer feel tired.B) It will gradually weaken the eyes of adults.C) It can lead to the loss of vision in children.D) It can permanently change the eye structure.28 A) It can never be done even with high technology.B) It is the best way to restore damaged eyesight.C)It is a major achievement in eye surgery.D) It can only be partly accomplished now.Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have justheard.29. A) They think they should follow the current trend.B) Nursing homes are well-equipped and convenient.C) Adult day-care centers are easily accessible.D) They have jobs and other commitments.30. A) They don't want to use up all their life savings.B) They fear they will regret it afterwards.C) They would like to spend more time with them.D) They don't want to see their husbands poorly treated.31. A) Provide professional standard care. C) Be frank and seek helpfrom others.B) Be affectionate and cooperative. D) Make full use of communityfacilities.Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have justheard.32. A) Health and safety conditions in the workplace.B) Rights and responsibilities of company employees.C) Common complaints made by office workers.D) Conflicts between labor and management.33. A) Replace its out-dated equipment.B) Improve the welfare of affected workers.C) Follow government regulations strictly.D) Provide extra health compensation.34. A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.B) They quit work to protect their unborn babies.C) They sought help from union representatives.D) They wanted to work shorter hours.35. A) To show how they love winter sports.B) To attract the attention from the media.C) To protest against the poor working conditions.D) To protect themselves against the cold weather.Section C Directions:In this section, you will hear a passagethree times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listencarefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the secondtime, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 withthe exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down themain points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for thethird time, you should check what you have written.Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows downwhen you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, whichmeans astronauts (宇航员) someday may (36) _____ so long in space thatthey would return to an Earth of the (37) _____ future. If you could moveat the speed of light, your time would stand still. If you could move fasterthan light, your time would move (38) _____.Although no form of matter yet (39) _____ moves as fast as or faster thanlight, (40) _____ experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (41)_____ causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein (42) _____this in 1905, when he (43) _____ the concept of relative time as part ofhis Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirmthe suspected existence of particles of matter (44)____________________________________.An obsession (沉迷) with time – saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and mastering it –(45) ____________________________________. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein (46) ____________________________________. Thus, time and time's relativity are measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a billionth o。

2011年12月英语四级听力材料原文

Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?12.W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.Q: What does the man mean?13.W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.14.W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?15. W: now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.Q: What do we learn about the man?16. M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first.I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.Q: What does the woman imply?17. M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.Long ConversationConversation OneM: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.W: The seasons?M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?W: So what is it like?M: Well, it is cold ,very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish peopl e always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.W: And what about the darkness?M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. It’s still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.M: Yeah, tha t’s right, but it’s wonderful. You won’t stay up all night. And the Swedes makes most of it often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. They’d like to wo rk hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.Q19: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q20: What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?Q21: How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?Q21: What does the man say about the Swedish people?Conversation TwoW: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?M: That’s a very good question. I don’t think there is any, specifically.W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background?M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people. Here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of th ings.W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.M: Quite.W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful.W: Yes, indeed. Let’s see. Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?M: Yes, from the Woolen District.Q23. What was the man’s major at university?Q24: What was the man’s job in secondary schools?Q25: What attracted the man to Nottingham University?Section BPassage OneWhile Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.Questions:26, What did Obcamp’s speech focus on?27, Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?28, What does the speaker try to explain?Passage TwoChris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees the Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. What is Chris’s main responsibility at Taxlong Company?30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?32. What do we learn about Kim from the passage?Passage ThreeProverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values isimportant too. If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.Questions 33- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. Why are proverbs so important?34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?35 What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?Section CCompound DictationOur lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own company, I no longer imagine I can get through a single day much less all my life completely on my own. Even if I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using electricity someone else is distributing to my house. Evidence of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this journey together.As I was growing up, I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependen ce was everything. “Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it.Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that what myparents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.。

2011年12月完整可复制版四级听力真题、答案及原文

2011年12月完整可复制版四级听力真题、答案及原文PartⅢListening ComprehensionSection AShort Conversations11. A) Read the notice on the window.B) Go and ask the staff.C) Get a new bus schedule.D) Board the bus to Cleveland.12. A) He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes.B) He enjoyed watching the animal performance.C) He got home too late to see the TV special.D) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.13. A) She wants to take the most direct way.B) She may be late for the football game.C) She is worried about missing her flight.D) She is currently caught in a traffic jam.14. A) At a restaurant.B) In a fish shop.C) At a clinic.D) On a fishing boat.15. A) He is an experienced sales manager.B) He is being interviewed for a job.C) He is a close friend of the woman.D) He is good at answering tricky questions.16. A) The man should consider his privacy first.B) The man will choose a low-rent apartment.C) The man is not certain if he can find a quieter place.D) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.17. A) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.B) The man and woman are working on a joint project.C) One should choose a broad topic for a research paper.D) It took a lot of time to get the man on the right track..18. A) They went camping this time last year.B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.C) They learned to cooperate under harsh conditions.D) They weren’t experienced in organizing picnics.Long Conversation One19. A）He likes Sweden better than England.B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.C）He is an English living in Sweden.D）He visits London nearly every winter.20. A）The bad weather.B）The cold houses.C）The gloomy winter.D）The long night.21. A）Delightful.B）Painful.C）Depressing.D）Refreshing.22. A）They often stay up late reading.B) They work hard and play hard.C) They like to go camping in summer.D) They try to earn more and spend more.Long Conversation Two23. A）Management.B）French.C）English literature.D）Public Administration.24. A）English teaching.B）Staff training.C）Careers guidance.D）Psychological counseling.25. A）Its pleasant environment.B）Its worldwide fame.C）Its generous scholarship.D）Its well-designed courses.Section BPassage One26. A) Characteristics of Japanese artists.B) Some features of Japanese culture.C) The art of Japanese brush painting.D) The uniqueness of Japanese art.27. A) To calm themselves down.B) To enhance concentration.C) To show their impatience.D) To signal their lack of interest.28. A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.B) How speakers can win approval from the audience.C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience.D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are.Passage Two29. A) Directing personnel evaluation.B) Buying and maintain equipment.C) Drawing up plans for in-service training.D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.30. A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.B) The training program he ran was failure.C) Two of his workers were injured at work.D) Two of his employees committed theft.31. A) A better relationship with his boss.B) Advancement to a higher positionC) A better-paying job in another companyD) Improvement in the company’s management32. A) She has more self-confidence than Chris.B) She works with Chris in the same division.C) She has more management experience than Chris.D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.Passage Three33. A) They help us see the important values of a culture.B) They guide us in handling human relationships.C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.34. A) Their wordings may become different.B) The values they reflect may change.C) Their origins can no longer be traced.D) They may be misinterpreted.35. A) Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures.B) Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance.C) Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones.D) Certain values have always been central to a culture.Section CCompound DictationOur lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own (36) , I no longer imagine I can get through a (37)day much less all my life (38)____ on my own. Even if I am on (39) ____ in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has (40) ____, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using (41) ____ someone else is distributing to my house. (42) ____ of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this (43)____ together.(44) _______________________. “Make your own way”,“Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action:“Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it！” Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that (45)________________________. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.(46) _________________________________________..。

2011年专业英语四级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2011年专业英语四级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. CLOZE 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITINGPART I DICTATION (15 MIN)Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute 听力原文：British Holidaying Habits In the late 1970s, air travel became affordable/ for the average family in the UK, /and more people started travelling abroad for their summer holidays. / After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer,/ so a lot of people left the country for a vacation. / In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became wealthier on average. / As a result, they started to go abroad in groups,/ to places such as Spain and Greece. / Once they arrived at their destination/, they met with other groups of young people and had one long party. / British holidaying habits have begun to change, However. / Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate,/ so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather. /Also, going abroad is more expensive. / As a result, more British people are choosing to spend their summer holidays in the UK. / 1．正确答案：British Holidaying Habits In the late 1970s, air travel became affordable/ for the average family in the UK, /and more people started travelling abroad for their summer holidays. / After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer,/ so a lot of people left the country for a vacation. / In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became wealthier on average. / As a result, they started to go abroad in groups,/ to places such as Spain and Greece. / Once they arrived at their destination/, they met with other groups of young people and had one long party. / British holidaying habits have begun to change, However. / Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate,/ so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather. /Also, going abroad is more expensive. / As a result, more British people are choosing to spend their summer holidays in the UK. / 解析：本文主题：英国人的度假习惯在这几十年里的改变及其原因。

2011年四级听力原文

Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11.M: Shawn's been trying for months to find a job. But I wonder how he could get a job when he looks like that.W: Oh, that poor guy! He really should shave himself every other day at least and put on something clean.Q: What do we learn about Shawn?12. W: I wish Jane would call when sheknowshe'll be late. This is not the first time we've had to wait for her.M: I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.Q: What does the man imply?13.M: Congratulations! I heard your baseball team is going to the Middle Atlantic Championship.W: Yeah, we're all working real hard right now!Q: What is the woman's team doing?14.W: John's been looking after his mother in the hospital. She was injured in a car accident two weeks ago and still in critical condition.W：Oh, that's terrible. And you know his father passed away last year. Q: What do we learn about John?15.M: What a boring speaker! I can hardly stay awake.W: Well, I don't know. In fact, I think it's been a long time since I've heard anyone is good.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?16.W: I'm having a lot of trouble with logic and it seems my professor can't explain it in a way that makes sense to me.M: You know, there is a tutoring service on campus. I was about to drop statistics before they helped me out.Q: What does the man mean?17.M: This is a stylish overcoat. I saw you wearing it last week, did't I ?W: Oh, that wasn't me. That was my sister Joe. She's in your class.Q: What does the woman mean?18.M: Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do?W: Well, I guess I'd sell my watch or computer or do some odd jobs till I could afford a return plane ticket.Q: What are the speakers talking about?Conversation OneM: Hello, professor Johnson.W: Hello, Tony. So what shall we work on today?M: Well, the problem is that this writing assignment isn’t coming out right. What I thought I was writing on was to talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in,W: What sport did you choose?M: I decided to write about cross-country skiing.W: What are you going to say about skiing?M: That’s the problem. I thought I would write about how peaceful it is to be out in the country.W: So why is that a problem?M: As I start describing how quiet it is to be out in the woods. I keep mentioning how much effort it takes to keep going. Cross-country skiing isn’t as easy as some people think. It takes a lot of energy, but that’s not part of my paper. So I guess I should leave it out. But now I don’t know how to explain that feeling of peacefulness without explaining how hard you have to work for it. It all fits together. It’s not like just sitting down somewhere and watching the clouds roll by. That’s different. W: Then you’ll have to include that in your point. The peacefulness of cross-country skiing is the kind you earn by effort. Why leave that out? Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That’s common, right?M: Yeah, I guess so.Q19: What is the topic of the man’s writing assignment?Q20: What problem does the man have while working on his paper?Q21: What does the woman say is common in writing papers?Conversation TwoW: Good evening and welcome to this week's Business World.It program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Angeleno who came to the US six years ago, and is now an established businessman with three restaurants in town.Tell us Mr. Angeleno, how did you get started?M: Well I started off with a small diner. I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. It was really too much work for two people. My cooking is great. And word got around town about the food. Within a year, I had to hire another cook and four waitresses. When that restaurant became very busy, I decided to expand my business. Now with three places my main concern is keeping the business successful and running smoothly. W: Do you advertise?M: Oh yes. I don't have any TV commercials, because they are too expensive. But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. My children used to distribute ads. in nearby shopping centres, but we don't need to do that anymore.W: Why do you believe you've been so successful?M: Em, I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back.W: So you always aim to please the customers?M: Absolutely!Without them I would have no business at all.W: Thank you Mr.Angeleno.I think your advice will be helpfull to those just staring out in business.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22 What is the woman’s occupation?23 what do we learn about Mr.Angeleno’s business at its beginning?24 what does Mr.Angeleno say about advertising his businesse?25 What does the man say contribute to his success?Section BPassage One听力原文There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes.We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad.Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight.Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. There are close to one million nerve fibres that connect the eyeball to the brain, as of yet it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What does the speaker want to tell us about eyesight?27. What do studies about wearing the wrong glasses show?28. What do we learn about eye transplanting from thetalk? Passage Two听力原文When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discover that the wife normally tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can in order not to use up their life savings. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative. However, even when caregiving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to state their needsand opinions clearly and ask for help from others especially brothers and sisters. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to doQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. Why are adult children more likely to use community services to help care for elderly parents?30. Why are most wives unwilling to put their dependent husbands into nursing homes?31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn todo? Passage Three听力原文Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections. My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about 7 hours a day. The supervisor of the laboratory is beginning to get headaches and dizzy spells because she says it’s dangerous to breathe some of the chemical smoke there. An X-rays technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it’s exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and asked that government agency to inspect the department. I’ve heard that at a factory in the area two pregnant women who were working with paint requested a transfer to a safer department, because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owners was too busy or too mean to do anything about it. Finally, they all met an agree to wearski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away.Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32 What does the talk focus on?33 What did the X-ray technician ask her company to do?34 What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women working with paint?35 Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work?Section C Compound DictationContrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts some day may survive so long in space that they would return to an earth of the distant future.If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still, if you could move faster than light, your time would move backward. Although no form of matter yet discovered, moves as fast as or faster than light, scientific experiments has already confirmed that accelerated motion causes a traveler’s time to be stretched. Albert Einstein predicted this in 1905, when he introduced the concept of relative time as part of his special theory of relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter that move at a speed greater than light. And therefore, might serve as our passports to the past. An obsession with time, saving, gaming, wasting, losing and mastering it, seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock. Thus time and time’s relativity are measurable by any hour glass, alarm clock, or atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.。

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