北师大版七年级下册英语unit4知识点总结+语法点(含答案)

知识图谱
Unit 4 Seasons and Weather
知识精讲
一、必背词汇
season. n. 季节；赛季
weather. n. 天气
autumn. n. 秋季
spring. n. 春天
summer. n. 夏天
winter. n. 冬天
cloudy. adj. 多云的；阴天的
cold. adj. 寒冷的
rainy. adj. 下雨的；多雨的
snowy. adj. 下雪的；多雪的
sunny. adj. 晴朗的
warm. adj. 暖和的vt. &vi.(使)变暖，
windy. adj. 有风的
month. n. 月
January. n. 一月
February. n. 二月
march. n. 三月
April. n. 四月
may. n. 五月
June. n. 六月
August. n. 八月
September. n. 九月
October. n. 十月
November. n. 十一月
December. n. 十二月
wear. v. 穿；戴
overcoat. n. 长大衣
glove. n. （分手指的）手套
scarf. n. 围巾；披肩
snow. n. 雪；雪花v. 下雪
tourist. n. 游客；旅行者
fly. v. 操作飞行；飞行n. 苍蝇
hard. adv. 大量地；长时间地；努力地；艰难地adj. 坚硬的；难的；费力的；辛苦的
T-shirt. n. T恤衫
shorts. n. 短裤
skirt. n. 女裙
palace. n. 王宫；宫殿
remember. v. 记得；想起
dry. adj. 干的，干燥的，枯燥无味的vt. 把. .弄干vi. （使）变干
spend. v. 花（钱、时间）
leaf. n. 树叶vt. 翻页
will. v. 要；会；愿
trainer. n. 训练者，驯服者，驯马师
comfortable. adj.舒适的
colourful. adj. 五彩缤纷的；丰富多彩的
around. prep. 围绕；环境adv. 大约，周围
cloud. n. 云vt. 使…模糊，以云遮敝
sun. n. 太阳；阳光
wind. n. 风
tomorrow. adv. 明天n. 明天
sightseeing. n. 观光；游览
beach. n. 海滩v. 拖(船)上岸vt. 使船冲上滩
visitor. n. 来访者；参观者
holiday. n. 假期
camp. n. 度假营；营地v. 露营；宿营
tour. n. 旅行；旅游
learn. v. 学习，学会
abroad. adv. 在国外；到国外
eighth. num. 第八
second. num. 第二
fifth. num. 第五
ninth. num. 第九
guess. v. 猜测；估计n. 猜测；猜想exciting. adj. 令人激动的；令人兴奋的fourth. num. 第四
seventh. num. 第七
beautiful. adj. 美丽的；美好的
mountain. n. 高山
clear. adj. 清澈的；清楚的；明显的；明白的last. det. 最近的；上一个的
trip. n. 旅行，旅游
sea. n. 海；海洋
penfriend. n. 笔友
nest. n. 鸟巢
tonight. adv. 今晚
rock. n. 摇滚乐；岩石
concert. n. 音乐会；演奏会
postcard. n. 明信片adj. 如画的
project. n. 专题研究；项目
party. n. 聚会；宴会；党派
example. n. 例子；例证；范例
plan. n. 计划；打算v. 计划；谋划flower. n. 花
village. n. 村庄；村镇
enjoy. v. 享受；玩得愉快
stone. n.石头；宝石；矿石
cave. n. 山洞；洞穴
hiking. n. 远足；徒步旅行
island. n.岛，岛屿vt.使孤立
sand. n. 砂，沙滩v. 撒沙，以沙掩盖reason. n. 原因；理由
festival. n. 节日
skate. v. 滑冰
ski. v. 滑雪
二、重点词汇
1. weather noun /ˈweð.ər/
the conditions in the air above the earth such as wind, rain, or temperature, especially at a particular time over a particular area
天气；气象
bad/good/cold/dry/hot/stormy/warm/wet/etc. weather
坏／好／冷的／干燥的／炎热的／暴风雨／温暖的／潮湿的天气等
1). The weather in the mountains can change very quickly, so take
appropriate clothing.
山里的天气瞬息万变，所以要带上合适的衣服。

2).We’re going t o have a picnic, weather permitting (= if the weather is good
enough).
如果天气好的话，我们打算去野餐。

2. abroad adverb [ after verb ] /əˈbrɔːd/
in or to a foreign country or countries
在国外；到国外
1). He’s currently abroad on business.目前他在国外出差。

2).We always go abroad in the summer. 我们夏天总是到国外去。

3. reason noun /ˈriː.zən/
the cause of an event or situation or something that provides an excuse or explanation
原因；理由；解释
1). The reason for the disaster was engine failure, not human error.
这次灾难的原因是发动机故障，而非人为错误。

2). [ + question word ] The reason why grass is green was a mystery to the
little boy.
对这个小男孩来说，草为什么是绿色的是一个谜。

3). [ + (that) ] The reason (that) I’m calling is to ask a favour.
我打电话是为了恳请帮忙。

4. comfortable adjective /ˈkʌm.fə.tə.bəl/
relaxed and free from pain
舒服的；舒坦的；轻松自在的
1). Are you comfortable or shall I turn the heat down?
你觉得舒服吗？还是要我把暖气调低点？
2). I don’t feel comfortable in high heels.
穿高跟鞋我觉得不舒服。

5. enjoy verb /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/
to get pleasure from something
享受…的乐趣；喜爱；欣赏
1). I really enjoyed that movie/ book/ concert/ party/ meal.
我真的很喜欢那部电影／那本书／那场音乐会／那次聚会／那顿饭。

2). [ + -ing verb ] I want to travel because I enjoy meeting people and seeing
new places.
我想去旅游，因为我愿意结识不同的人，见识没去过的地方。

三、必背短语
make sure 确保；设法保证
fly kite 放风筝
Tian’ anmen Square天安门广场
as…as像……一样
see sb. doing 看到某人正在做某事
see sb. do看到某人做某事的全过程
take photo拍照片
take photos of sb.给……拍照
be famous for因……而著名
get away from远离、摆脱
四、经典句型
1. It’s get warm in April.四月份天气转暖。

2. It’s usually windy in spring, so you can see lots of people flying kites in Tian’an
men Square.
春天通常有风。

因此，在天安门广场，你能看好很多人放风筝。

3. But remember to go early in the morning or late in the afternoon. 但是要记得清早或傍晚去。

4. Is autumn as good as many people think? 秋天和人们想的一样好吗？
5. It’s famous for its beautiful mountains and clear lake.它以秀美的山峰、清澈的湖水而闻名。

三点剖析
一、考点
一般将来时The Future Tense
1. 一般将来时的构成形式：sb. will/ shall do/ be; sb. be going to do/ be
2. 一般将来时用法：
(1) 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示
将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。

will/ shall+动词原形shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。

will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。

will not = won’t shall not=shan’t 例：Which paragraph shall I read first? 我首先应该多哪一段？
(2) be going to +do/ be 表示将来。

a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。

例：What are you going to do tomorrow? 你明天计划做什么？
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。

例：The play is going to be produced next month. 这个话剧下个月计划会出炉。

c. 已有的迹象表明必将发生的事。

例：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那黑云，马上要来暴风雨。

d. 现在进行时表将来时
下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时：go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, finish, end, arrive…
例：She is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 她明天要去上海。

(3) 一般现在时表将来
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

例：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。

3. 相关句型
一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形…? Is/ Are +主语+going to+动词原形…?
否定句：主语+won’t +动词原形…主语+am/ is/ are +not going to +动词原形…
例题：
Students in Class One _________ the museum next Friday.
A. visited
B. visit
C. will visit
D. visit
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般将来时。

next Friday是一般将来时的时间状语。

故选C。

二、易错点
1. few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：
1). few/ a few修饰可数名词，few表否定意义，几乎没有；a few表肯定意
义，有几个。

例：He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友,他感觉寂寞.
There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋.
2). little/ a little修饰不可数名词，little表否定意思，几乎没有；a little 表肯定
意义，有一点儿。

例：There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?
我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？
2. There be的一般将来时
There be句型的一般将来时表示将来某地会有某人或某物。

1).肯定句：There will be/ do…
例：There will be a football match in our school tomorrow.
明天我们学校将有一场足球赛。

2).否定句：T here will not be/ do…
例：There won’t be a film in the meeting room this afternoon.
今天下午会议室里不放电影。

3).一般疑问句：Will there be…?
例：Will there be a robot in every home?
将来每个家庭都会拥有一个机器人吗？
例题：
There won’t be any paper money in about 20 years, _________?
A. will there
B. is there
C. won’t there
D. isn’t there
【答案】A
【解析】考查there be句型的句型转换。

前半句是否定句，反意疑问句用肯定句。

故选A。

There is _________ juice in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
【答案】C
【解析】考查词义辨析。

few/ a few修饰可数名词，few表否定意义，几乎没有；a few 表肯定意义，有几个。

little/ a little修饰不可数名词，little表否定意思，几乎没有；a little表肯定意义，有一点儿。

故选C。

题模精选
题模一：Unit4 词汇应用
例1.1.1The _________ of Chongqing is really hot, but we still like living here.
A.spring
B.summer
C.autumn
D.winter 例1.1.2根据首字母和括号提示填空。

1）. The Spring Festival usually comes in J_________ or February.
2）. Of the four _________ （季节）, I like summer best because I like swimming a lot.
题模二：一般将来时
例1.2.1The day after tomorrow they _________ a volleyball match in their school. A.will watching. B.watches.
C.is watching.
D.are going to watch
例1.2.2根据中文提示完成句子
1）. 你明天会去海滩吗？
_________ you _________ _________ _________ _________ tomorrow?
2）. 今天晚上将会有一股强风。

_________ _________ _________ a strong wind tonight.
随堂练习
随练1.1---Hainan_________ is blue sky and fresh air.
---So it is. That’s why more and more visitors spend their holidays here.
A.is weak in
B.is famous for
C.is used to
D.is popular with
随练1.2It is Sunday. Let’s just relax and enjoy _________.
A.myself
B.yourself
C.ourselves
D.himself
随练1.3短语翻译
(1)一瓶牛奶________
(2)健康食品________
(3)一碗汤________
(4)三杯茶________
(5)点餐________
(6)来一份蔬菜沙拉________
随练1.4根据首字母和括号提示完成句子
1. In China, Teachers’ Day is on S_________ 10th.
2. I am going to f_________ to London. Look! The plane is over there.
3. Nanjing looks much more beautiful on s_________ days.
4. ---Please r_________ to give me a call this afternoon.
---Sure, I won’t forget it.
5. The sports meeting is on _________ （三月）2nd.
6. You have to _________ （花费）about two hundred yuan on the books and newspapers.
7. In my hometown, it’s very _________ （暖和的）in spring.
8. I live in China. I’m going to study_________ （到国外）next year. My mom wants me to go to Australia.
随练1.5翻译句子
(1)小心！火车来了．
________! A train is coming．
(2)他跳下床，跑出门去．
He________ bed and ran________ the door．
(3) 顺着这条街朝前走，然后右拐．
________ the street and________．
(4)沿着大桥街一致向前走，然后向左转．
Just go________ Bridge Street and________．
随练1.6Just go down this road and you _________ the library next to the bank.
A.see
B.saw
C.have seen
D.will see
随练1.7The weather forecast says that _________ another storm tomorrow.
A.there will have
B.there will be
C.there has
D.there has been
随练1.8---My parents will bring me to Shanghai Disneyland the day after tomorrow.
---_________.
A.I’m sorry to hear that
B.It’s my pleasure
C.Best wishes to you
D.Have a good trip
能力拓展
拓展1Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have _________ time left.
A.few
B.a few
C.little
D.a little
拓展2This week, the _________ seems to change every day: one day is hot; the next day is cold.
A.time
B.season
C.weather
D.way
拓展3根据中文提示完成句子
1. 下周将会很冷。

_________ _________ very cold next week.
2. 他们会和他们的朋友们一起去观光。

They _________ _________ _________ with their friends.
3. 我爸爸打算拍一些动物的照片。

My father is going to _________ _________ _________ _________ animals.
4. 他们以多彩的生活而出名。

They are famous _________ their _________ life.
5. 戴维应该远离不健康的食品。

David should _________ _________ unhealthy food.
拓展4连词成句
(1)have，he，a，time，good
________．
(2)day，Tom，sunny，likes
________．
(3)be，weather，the，how，in summer
________？
拓展5---You look so happy. Why?
---There _________ a football game on TV this evening.
A.is going to have
B.will going to be
C.is going to be
D.will have
拓展6---I hear your father had gone to Beijing on business.
---Yes. And he _________ in three weeks.
A.will return
B.has returned
C.returned
D.returns
拓展7---I’m going to have a trip in England.
---_________.
A.Good luck
B.Have a good time
C.I’m not sure
D.Thanks a lot
拓展8选句填空
People often talks about healthy children．____1____ If you are healthy，your body works well，and you can do all the things you want to do．Parents only ask the children to have healthy meals．____2____
Eat different kinds of food，especially fruits and vegetable．You may have a favorite food，but you'd better eat different kinds of food．If you do so，you can meet more of your body needs．Taste new foods and old ones you haven't tried for a while．Some foods，such as fruits and vegetables，are more pleasing．
____3____
____4____ When you're really thirsty，cold water is the No．1choice．Children need calcium to grow strong bones，and milk is the best choice．Maybe you will want something other，so it's OK to have 100% juice，too．
拓展9选词填空
(3)I would like a glass of milk，an egg and two pieces of________ for breakfast．
(4)Lots of people in Beijing like________ very much．
(5)Don't eat too much________．It's bad for your health．
(6)They do different exercises and eat________．
(7)You can't eat too much________．Because you will________．
拓展10完形填空
Have you ever seen (曾经见过) snow？Many people___1___the world have not．Some countries never have snow；some have only___2___on the tops of very high mountains．___3___the north of England___4___quite a lot of snow every winter，___5___in the south of England，there is usually little．
When a student from a___6___country comes to England in autumn for the first time，he feels cold at first．There are often dark clouds，grey sky and cold rain in England in autumn，and most students from warm countries do not like this．
But snow is___7___．Though (尽管) it is cold，it is also beautiful．Perhaps (也许)，after a few dark mornings，the student wakes up (醒来) one day and there is___8___ in his room．He thinks "Is it so___9___ ？"and jumps out of bed．But no，it is not very late．He looks out of the window and there is the snow on the ground and on the houses and everywhere．The light of his room comes___10___clean，beautiful snow．
(1) A．on B．at C．in D．of
(2) A．a little B．little C．a few D．few
(3) A．To B．At C．On D．In
(4) A．it is B．there is C．there have D．there are
(5) A．but B．and C．so D．then
(6) A．cold B．warm C．cool D．other
(7) A．difference B．different C．same D．the same
(8) A．a light B．a sun C．a lot of light D．some lights
拓展11阅读理解
March 29is Earth Day．Everyone on earth should care about and protect the earth!
The earth has warmed by about 1(华氏度) over the past 100years，but why and how？Well，scientists are not quite sure．Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer on its own．But many scientists say that people are doing many things which make the earth warmer．
First，greenhouse effect (温室效应) is a very important reason for the change of the earth．People give out too much energy into the air every year．It makes the earth warmer．Climate (气候) change is another important reason．Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold．Sometimes there is too much rain and sometimes too little．The change of the climate makes the earth warmer．In turn，the warmth of the earth changes the climate，too．
When the earth becomes warmer，there may be more rain and a rise in sea level．It will affect the growth of plants，animals and people．On a Pacific island，100people have to move to higher ground because the sea is rising．These people can no longer live on the coast．Before that，two islands without people went underwater in 1999．Scientists say that the seas can rise by nearly one metre by 2100．
People can affect the earth's air，land and water．As for us，we can do many things to protect the earth．For example，we can use fridges less．We can tell more people about protecting the earth．
(1)Earth Day is probably set for people to________．
A．learn more about the earth
B．make full use of the earth
C．take better care of the earth
D．study the warmth of the earth
(2)We can infer(推断) from the passage that the reasons for the warmer earth are________now．
A．not very clear
B．completely secret
C．well known
D．not given yet
(3)Greenhouse effect comes from________．
A．sea rising
B．climate change
C．nature's unbalance
D．people's activity
(4)According to the passage，________may affect each other．
A．animals and islands
B．climate and the warmth of the earth
C．fridges and animals
D．sea level and the growth of plants
(5)The passage mainly tells us that________．
A．there is more rain now
B．we should protect the earth
C．we must stop pollution
D．sea level is getting higher
拓展12书面表达
写一张明信片给布朗小姐，她的地址是：153Park Street，London，England．大致内容：伦敦的天气如何，经常下雨吗？我们这儿天气不错，树是绿的，花是红的，欢迎来中国．梅梅
答案解析
Unit 4 Seasons and Weather
题模精选
题模一：Unit4 词汇应用
例1.1.1
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。

A春天；B夏天；C秋天；D冬天。

句意：重庆的夏天很热，但是我仍然喜欢住在这。

故选B。

例1.1.2
【答案】1）. January
2）. seasons
【解析】考查本课重点核心词汇，根据提示和语境，填出相应单词的正确形式。

题模二：一般将来时
例1.2.1
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般将来时。

The day after tomorrow是一般将来时的时间状语。

be going to do/ will do句意：后天他们计划在学校观看足球赛。

故选D。

例1.2.2
【答案】1）. Will；go to the beach
2）. It will be
【解析】考查一般将来时的用法。

随堂练习
随练1.1
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。

A不擅长；B因……而闻名；C习惯于；D受……的欢迎。

句意：海南以它的蓝天和清新的空气而闻名，那也是游客来这里度假的原因。

故选B。

随练1.2
【答案】C
【解析】考查不定代词。

根据句意：让我们放松一下，玩得开心吧。

和“我们”相呼应的反身代词是ourselves。

enjoy oneself玩得开心。

故选C。

随练1.3
【答案】(1)一瓶牛奶：a bottle of milk
(2)健康食品：healthy food
(3)一碗汤：a bowl of soup
(4)三杯茶：three cups of tea
(5)点餐：order meal
(6)来一份蔬菜沙拉：a vegetable salad．
【解析】(1)一瓶牛奶：a bottle of milk
(2)健康食品：healthy food
(3)一碗汤：a bowl of soup
(4)三杯茶：three cups of tea
(5)点餐：order meal
(6)来一份蔬菜沙拉：a vegetable salad．
随练1.4
【答案】1. September
2. fly
3. snowy
4. remember
5. March
6. spend
7. warm
8. abroad
【解析】考查本课重点词汇。

根据提示填出对应单词，注意词的正确形式。

随练1.5
【答案】(1)Look out
(2)jumped out of；out of
(3)Go down；turn right
(4)down；turn left
【解析】(1)Look out! A train is coming．首先通过中英文句子的比对，可知英文句子中缺少"小心"的表达．"小心"的英文表达是：Look out．祈使句用动词原形．
(2)He jumped out of bed and ran out of the door．首先通过中英文句子的比对，可知英文句子中缺少"跳下床"和跑出门的表达．这两个短语的英文表达是：jump out of bed 和run out of the door ，句子表述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时．
(3)Go down the street and turn right．考查汉译英．根据汉语句子及英文提示，可知句子是祈使句，这里用动词原形，顺着的英语表达是Go down；右拐的英语表达是turn right．(4)Just go down Bridge Street and turn left．考查汉译英．根据汉语句子及英文提示，可知句子是祈使句，沿着大桥街一直向前走Just go down Bridge Street；左转turn left．
随练1.6
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般将来时。

根据句意就沿着这条路走，你会看到图书馆就在银行隔壁，可知要用一般将来时。

故选D。

随练1.7
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般将来时。

根据句意：天气预报说明天还有有一场暴风雨。

tomorrow是一般将来时的时间状语。

there be的一般将来时结构为there will be。

故选B。

随练1.8
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。

题干中提到了“我的父母要带我去上海迪士尼乐园”，因此可推断，符合题意的回应是D项，该项的含义是“祝你旅途愉快”。

故选D。

能力拓展
拓展1
【答案】C
【解析】考查词义辨析。

few/ a few修饰可数名词，few表否定意义，几乎没有；a few表肯定意义，有几个。

little/ a little修饰不可数名词，little表否定意思，几乎没有；a little表肯定意义，有一点儿。

故选C。

拓展2
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

由题干中的one day is hot; the next day is cold.可知是天气的变化。

故选C。

拓展3
【答案】1. It’ll be
2. will go sightseeing
3. take some photos with
4. for; colorful
5. stay away from
【解析】考查本课固定搭配和句型，注意固定搭配和和词的正确形式。

拓展4
【答案】(1)He has a good time．
(2)Tom likes sunny days
(3)How is the weather in summer
【解析】(1)首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个陈述句，组合成的句子的句意是"他玩得很开心．"，句子叙述一件事实，时态应该用一般现在时，表示玩得高兴用have a good time表示．
(2)首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个陈述句，组合成的句子的句意是"汤姆喜欢阳光灿烂的日子．"，句子叙述一件事实，时态应该用一般现在时的，主语是Tom，是单数形式，所以谓语动词like应该用第三人称单数形式，sunny days阳光灿烂的日子．(3)首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个特殊疑问句，组合成的句子的句意是"夏天的天气怎么样？"，句子叙述一件事实，时态应该用一般现在时的，询问天气句首用how，后面紧跟be动词is，in summer表示在夏天.
拓展5
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般将来时。

There be句型的一般将来时结构是There is/ are going to be或There will be。

故选B。

拓展6
【答案】A
【解析】考查一般将来时。

in+时间段是一般将来时的时间状语。

句意：他去北京出差了，将会在三周后回来，故选A。

拓展7
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。

题干中提到“我打算去英国旅游”，当得知某人要去某地旅游时，合适的答语是Have a good tim e，用于祝对方玩得开心。

故选B。

拓展8
【答案】EDBC
【解析】人们常常谈论健康的孩子们．他们想知道如何帮助孩子们保持健康．如果你身体很好，你可以做一切想做的事情．父母只要求孩子们吃健康的食物．但是，儿童也可以自己做一些事情．
吃不同种类的食物，特别是水果和蔬菜．你可能是只吃最喜欢的食物，但你最好吃不同种类的食物．如果这样，你可以获得更多的身体所需，时不时的尝试新食品和旧的食品．有些食物，如水果和蔬菜，更讨人喜欢，所以你可以每天都吃一些．你每天要常喝水和牛奶．当你真的渴了，冷水是第一选择．孩子们需要钙去长个，牛奶是最好的选择．或许你会想其他的东西，所以100%的果汁就好．
(1)细节推理题．根据上文People often talks about healthy children．可知人们常常谈论健康的孩子们．结合下文If you are healthy，your body works well，and you can do all the things you want to do．可知如果你身体很好，你可以做一切想做的事情．结合选项可推知这里说的是他们想知道如何帮助孩子们保持健康．
(2)根据上文Parents only ask the children to have healthy meals．可知父母只要求孩子们吃健康的食物，根据下文Eat different kinds of food，especially fruits and vegetable，可知吃不同种类的食物，特别是水果和蔬菜．结合选项可推知这里应该说的是但是，儿童也可以自己做一些事情．
(3)根据上文Some foods，such as fruits and vegetables，are more pleasing．可知有些食物，如水果和蔬菜，更讨人喜欢，结合选项可推知你可以每天都吃一些．
(4)根据下文When you're really thirsty，cold water is the No.1choice．Children need calcium to grow strong bones，and milk is the best choice．可知当你真的渴了，冷水是第一选择．孩子们需要钙去长个，牛奶是最好的选择．结合选项可推知这里应该说的是你每天要常喝水和牛奶．
拓展9
【答案】(1)fishes
(2)sugar
(3)bread
(4)noodles
(5)salt
(6)different things
(7)at one meal；get heavy
【解析】(1)根据句子意思河里没有很多鱼，many后面加可数名词复数．鱼作为属鱼的种类时是可数名词，其复数形式是加es．fishes．
(2)根据句意，他喜欢加糖的咖啡．糖，不可数名词
(3)根据句意，早饭吃两片面包．面包是不可数名词，两片面包，应该是two pieces of bread．
(4)根据句意，北京人喜欢吃炸酱面，故很多人喜欢吃面条，面条一般用作复数形式noodles．
(5)根据句意，不要吃太多盐，对健康不好，盐是不可数名词，故salt．
(6)根据句意他们做不同的锻炼，吃不同的食物，不同的东西是different things．
(7)根据句意，一顿饭不要吃太多，一顿饭是固定短语at one meal．因为你会长胖的，长胖也是固定短语get heavy．
拓展10
【答案】CADBA BBCAA
【解析】这篇短文重点描述了英国的气候特点．
(1)考查介词辨析．根据题干，考查固定短语in the world在世界上．
(2)考查短语词辨析．A一点，修饰不可数名词；B几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；C一些，修饰可数名词；D几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；根据前面修饰snow修饰不可数名词，这里some have only(2)on the tops of very high mountains应该是有一点点，only a little．
(3)考查介词辨析．根据后面the north of England在英国北部，表示方位只能有介词in．
(4)考查词短语辨析．根据题干，是there be句型，there is修饰单数和不可数名词；there are 修饰名词复数，根据后面quite a lot of snow 是不可数名词．
(5)考查连词辨析．A但是；B和；C所以；D然后；根据quite a lot of snow every winter，(30)in the south of England，there is usually little，前面说相当多，后面说通常没有，转折．
(6)考查形容词辨析．A冷的；B暖和的；C凉爽的；D其它的；根据When a student from a(31)country comes to England in autumn for the first time，he feels cold at first他第一次感到冷，应该是来自暖和的国家．
(7)考查形容词辨析．A不同的；名词；B不同的，形容词；C相同的；D相同的；根据上文dark clouds，grey sky and cold rain 可知snow是不同的．
(8)考查短语词辨析．根据后面in his room在他的房间里，应该是有光，不能有太阳，先排除B，light是不可数名词．
(9)考查形容词辨析．A晚的；B后来；C早的；D更早的；根据后面But no，it is not very late但是不，现在不是很晚，可知前面以为晚了．
(10)考查介词辨析．根据题干，come from来自是固定短语．
拓展11
【答案】CADAC
(1)细节理解题．根据"March 29is Earth Day．Everyone on earth should care about and protect the earth"可知，3月29日是地球日，地球上的每个人都应该关心和保护地球；我们可以推测设立地球日是为了让人们更好地关注地球．
(2)推理判断题．根据"Well，scientists are not quite sure．Maybe the earth gets warmer
and warmer on its own．But many scientists say that people are doing many things which make the earth warmer"可知，地球变暖的原因还不太清楚．
(3)细节理解题．根据"People give out too much energy into the air every year．It makes the earth warmer"可知，人们每年都会向空气中释放出太多的能量，这会使地球变暖．所以说温室效应来自于人们的活动．
(4)细节理解题．根据" The change of the climate makes the earth warmer．In turn，the warmth of the earth changes the climate，too．"可知，气候的变化使地球变暖，反过来，地球的温暖也改变了气候．所以说气候和地球的变暖可能相互影响．
(5)主旨大意题．根据第一段的"Everyone on earth should care about and protect the earth!"和最后一段的"we can do many things to protect the earth．For example，we can use fridges less．We can tell more people about protecting the earth．"并结合对整篇文章的理解可知，本文主要分析了地球变暖的原因，告诉我们应该保护地球．
【解析】在这篇短文中作者主要分析了地球变暖的原因，并号召我们行动起来保护地球．
拓展12
【答案】Dear Miss Brown，
How is the weather in London？
Does it often rain ？The weather here is fine ，
The trees are green and flowers are red．
Welcome to China．
Meimei
Miss Brown
153Park Streen．London，England．
【解析】这是写一张明信片，注意书写格式．首先确定写这张明信片的目的是什么？然后动笔写作．
高分句型一
How is the weather in London？此句用一般现在时，运用句型How is the weather…？，"…的天气怎么样？"，此句可译为"伦敦的天气怎么样？"．
高分句型二
Welcome to China．此句运用短语welcome to sp．"欢迎到某地方"，其中to是介词"到"的意思．此句译为"欢迎到中国来"。