高级英语第二课笔记
高级英语张汉熙笔记
Introduction--- to advance students’abilities in the Reading Comprehension--- to advance students’abilities in the differentiation of the synonyms ,antonyms ,etc and enlarge their vocabulary (more than10,000w)--- to advance students’abilities in the identification, appreciation and application of the figures of speech (metaphor, simile, metonymy, synecdoche, antithesis, personification, pun, onomatopoeia, parallelism, alliteration, etc. )--- to cultivate students’abilities in trans-cultural --- to develop students’skills in analysis and paraphrasescommunication (emphasis on culture learning)--- to cultivate students’abilities in the appreciation of writings in English originalsAn example: Objectives of teachingto learn and master the vocabulary and expressionsto learn to paraphrase the difficult sentencesto comprehend the whole textto understand the structure of the textto appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.Teaching content 1Teaching material (textbook)“Advanced English” Boo k 1---Zhang Hanxi (张汉熙主编)---Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press (外语教学与研究出版社)How to Write a Book ReportThe front cover includesTitle（书名/文章题目）: _____________Author（作者）:_______________Class and grade:_______________No. of pages or no. of words（页数或字数）:______________Name the main character（主人公）:___Date: M/D/YHow to Write a Book Report p1. Brief introduction to the author and the book;2. The peculiarity of the book in the expressing or developing the content;3. The most impressive part ;4. The message delivered by the author;5. Your favorite part;6. Your comment or opinion on the book;7. What you have got after reading the book;8. The citations.Unit One The Middle Eastern BazaarLead-inTextual Structure of the TextDetailed Study of the TextRhetorical DevicesThe Middle EastGenerally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.The Middle East is a loosely defined geographic region; the countries listed are generally considered part of the Middle East. These Middle East countries are part of the Asian continent, with the exception of Egypt, which is part of Africa, and the northwestern part of Turkey, which is part of the European landmass.Rich in oil, linking point of three continents. Nearby five seas: Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Caspian Sea (里海)BazaarBazaar: A market consisting of a street lined with shops and stalls, especially one in the Middle East.---handicraft economy, contrast to the modern societyThree famous bazaars in the Middle East:The Khan Khalili Bazaar in Cairo, Egypt埃及开罗汗·哈利利集市The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey土耳其伊斯坦布尔大市集The Damascus Bazaar in Syria叙利亚大马士革集市China’s most busiest markets:Xiushui Street and Da Zha Lan in Beijing北京大栅栏和秀水街References“The history of Middle East”(Mesopotamia Civilization, Civilization of Ancient Egypt, Middle East Wars)“The Bible—Old Testament”(the first half of the Christian Bible)“Talmud”塔尔穆德(犹太法典)(the basis of religious authority in Orthodox Judaism)犹太法典中的几句箴言有四种人，一种人说：“我的是我的，你的是你的。
高级英语pubtalkandthekingsenglish中英笔记
L3.Pub T alk and t he King’s English(酒吧闲聊与标准英语)Henry Fairlie(亨利·费尔利 )1.Conversation is the mostsociable of all human activities. And it is anactivity only of humans. However intricate the way in which animalscommunicate with each other, they do notindulge in anything thatdeserves the name of conversation.人类的全部活动中，闲聊是最具社交性的sociable （主题句），也是人类独有的。
而动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂 intricate ，也是称不上社交的。
1. And it is an activity only of humans. (para1)并且它是人类独有的一种活动。
And conversation is an activity which is found only among human being．Sociable [?so???bl] adj.平和的，好社交的，友好的 friendly or agreeable,eapecially in aneasy,informal way( 用书）intricate (adj) : hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts ， details ， or relationships 盘根错节的；难以理解的，难懂的Indulge : 听凭自己沉迷于；耽于 to allow yourself to have or do sth that you like,eapecially sth that is considered bad for you ----indulge in sth, indulge yourself.例：Women do not indulge in to the same extent as men.deserve: 值得；应得2.The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere,and no one has any idea where it will go as itmeanders or leaps andsparkles or just glows. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has “something to say”.Conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not toconvince.There is no winning in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared tolose. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best anecdotes, but in a flash the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are ready to let it go.2.闲聊的令人着迷之处就在于它没有一个预先设定好的主题。
2023年高级英语thefutureoftheenglish中英笔记
第二册 lesson 11 The Future of TheEnglish英国人旳未来J .B.Priestley JB普里斯特利1 【To write about the English in standard and cosmopolitan political terms, the usual Left-Centre-Right stuff, is almost always wasting time and trouble.The English are different.The English are even more different than they think they are, though not more different than they feel they are.And what they feel — Englishness again - is more important than what they think.It is instinctive feeling and not rational thought that shapes and colours actual events in England. 背诵】若想用世界上流行旳原则政治术语, 即左、中、右三派这种毫无意义旳陈腔老调来描述英国人旳话, 那多半是白费时间, 徒耗精力。
英国人可是与众不一样。
他们甚至比自己想象中旳英国人还要不一样, 倒是同他们自己感觉中旳英国人差不多。
而他们所感觉到旳…这一点再次反应出英国人旳特性——比他们想象到旳更为重要。
在英国, 决定一切事物形式和色彩旳不是人旳理性思维, 而是人旳本能感觉。
cosmopolitan (adj.) : common to or representative of all or many parts of the world；not national or local世界性旳；不限于国家或地区范围旳----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 For example, although the English seem to be so sharply divided, always indulging in plenty of loud political abuse, there are nothing like so many Communists or neo- or potential Fascists in England as there are in most other countries.Again, although the English seem to have more than their share of rallies, protest marches, confrontations with authority, what could begin to look like a murderous encounter in France or America, or might be a bloody street battle in Japan, would in England end at the worst in a few scuffles and arrests.This is because there are fewer fanatical believers among the English, and at the same time, below the noisy arguments, the abuse and the quarrels, there is a reservoir of instinctive fellow-feeling, not yet exhausted though it may not be filling up.Not everybody can draw on that reservoir.No doubt there are in England some snarling shop stewards who demand freedom for the workers when what they really want is to bring the whole system crashing down, together with every guarantee of liberty.No doubt there are wealthy employers who smile at the TV cameras and declare that all they desire is the friendliest relation with their work force, when at heart they would like to take a whip to the whole idle troublesome mob of them.Butthere are not many of these men, either on the board or the shop floor, and they are certainly not typical English.Some cancer in their character has eaten away their Englishness.举例来说, 尽管英国人表面上似乎存在着严重旳意见分歧, 彼此之间进行政治上旳袭击谩骂也是常有旳事, 但英国却不像许多其他国家同样有那么多旳共产主义者以及新旳或潜在旳法西斯主义分子。
高考英语知识点笔记整理
高考英语知识点笔记整理高考英语知识点笔记整理1.because of 因为…… (注意和because 的区别)2. even if (= even thoug)即使，用来引导让步状语从句3. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出4. communicate with sb 和某人交流5. be different from…与……不同be different in …在……方面不同Most of my projects are different in performance.我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。
6. be based on 以……为基础7. at present 目前，眼下 for the present眼前;暂时8. make (good/better/full)use of9. the latter后者 the former 前者10. a large number of 大量的 the number of …的数量11. such as 例如12. hold on 坚持住，握住不放;(打电话时)等—会13. … you will hear the difference in the way(that/ in which) people speak.你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
14. play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色15. the same …as…与……一样16. at the top of…在…顶上at the bottom of 在……底部17. bring up 教养，养育;提出18. request sb (not) to do sth. 要求某人做/不要做某事19. be satisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于20. suggest v. (request，insist…)I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。
英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson_Fourteen
Lesson Fourteen I would Like to Tell You Something Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1many of them highly decorated.many of them were awarded medals of high distinction because they had fought bravely in Vietnam.2with the full awareness of officers at all levels of commandOfficers of all ranks in the US army knew perfectly well what was being done in Vietnam.3spill out their hearts or purse their soulsExpress their deepest feelings, tell people about all the terrible things they had done in Vietnam, or relieve themselves of their guilty feelings, so that they could have peace of mind.4…you don't start making things right by prosecuting William CalleyYou can't change the situation inVietnam or what happened in the Vietnam War by just bringing William Calley to court and punishing him. That is to say, the US government was responsible for what had been done in Vietnam.5 a total press blackoutNo newspaper reported this investigation.6but said it would never get by his desk because the Army would rescind the magazine's accreditation to cover the war.If a newspaper or a magazine wanted to send reporters to Vietnam to report the war, they had to get the permission fromthe Army. Then they would have the right to report the war. If the reporter he talked to let this article leave his desk, which meant to be published, then the Army would take away the magazine's right to send reporters to Vietnam.7If you don't cover the war you don't sell magazines, and if you don't sell magazine then nothing happens because that's the American way.The American public depended heavily on the media for news. Here magazine is used to symbolize the entire media. If what really happened in the war could not be reported in the media, the American public would not be able to know about the real situation. Also, if that magazine was forbidden by the Army to report the war, then they would lose readers because they would not buy this magazine, and that's the American way of life.8 a large New York based firmA large firm having branches or offices in other cities or other parts of the world, with it's headquarters in New York.9we used to do that in World War II, Christ, what's new?We used to do the same kind of things during World War II, so what was happening in Vietnam was not new at all.10The message begins to sink in.It implies that at first the new soldiers didn't fully understand the message of the poster.When something begins to sink in, it means that it takes quite a while for the meaning to be fully understood.11done by remote controlIt means the killing done from planes and helicopters. American soldier did not have to kill the Laotians face to face.12the helicopter crews fill the same body bags as the ground troopsWhen the soldiers are killed, their bodies are put into body bags. Here the author means that the helicopter crews can be killed to, just like ground troops have been killed.13America has created a monster in the form of millions of fighting menMillions of soldiers returned from Vietnam angry about what the government had sent them to do, and their anger could turn into violent actions14the biggest nothing in historyHere it means the Vietnam War, which is the most meaningless war in history according to the author.15We are angry about the same things you are in terms of policy.As far as policy is concerned, we are angry about things that you are angry about.16 a sense of anger and betrayalFeeling angry and believing that the US government had betrayed them.17But for us, those boys in Vietnam whom the country is supposed to support, this is a terrible distortion from which we draw only the deepest revulsion.We had fought in Vietnam, therefore belonged to the group that Mr. Agnew called "best men". But for us, what Agnew had said was a distortion of facts which made us feel very much disgusted.18how many American bodies were provided to prove that point.How many American soldier had to die to prove that point.19receive little if any careIf they receive any care at all, it is very little. The meaning is negative.20…and he found himself doing to the Vietnamese exactly what had been done to his people and what he had been conditioned by America to applaud.…and he found himself doing to the Vietnamese the things that the white people in America had done to his people - the American Indians, and he also found himself doing the things that America had trained him to thing it was right to do.22all the goodness of his uniformAll the good quality fo the American army and all the glory it has ever won for the country.23… the policy of the United States in Indochina is tantamount to genocide.tantamount to: equal in effect to 等同于What the child says is tantamount to the command for her parents.24but said it would never get by his deskget by: leave, bypass 离开，通过The crowd moved aside to let the doctor get by.25But the press isn't the only party in this country that's guilty of this rampant insensitivity.be guilty of: having done wrong 有罪They were not sure whether he was guilty of stealing.26And so we're suddenly faced with a sickening situation in this country.be faced with: encounter 遇到，面临We are faced with new challenge now.27…who are almost exhausted from past indignities inflicted on them.inflict on: cause to suffer 使遭受The judge inflicted the death penalty on the murderer.The bad news inflicted a severe blow on him.28We're angry about the same things you are in terms of policyin terms of: mode of expression, according to 以某种说法来表达We should consider problems in terms of the people's interests.29…whom the country is supposed to supportbe supposed to: be expected to 应该The students are supposed to study hard.30It's a distortion because we in no way considered ourselveds the "best men" in this country in no way: not at all 一点也不In fact, he is in no way honest.31because those he called misfits were standing up for us in a way nobody else in this country dare to in a way: to a certain degree, in some aspects 在某方面，某种程度In a way middle school students are more difficult to teach than college students.32when we were ashamed of and hated what we were called on to do in Asia.call on: appeal to, invite, require 号召，要求I called on her to keep the secret for me.33We are paying homage to the dead in Arlington.pay homage to: express respect for 表示敬意Many students paid homage to the teachers on the graduation ceremongy.34The war is part and parcel of everything that we are trying to communicate to people of this country.part and parcel: an essential part of 主要部分Words and grammar should be part and parcel of English learning.Hanent整理。
高级英语 Inaugural Address 笔记整理
L4. Inaugural Addressinaugural (adj.) : of an inauguration就职(典礼)的;1. We observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom -- symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning -- signify ing renewal,as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath庄严的誓言our forebear s prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.1.今天我们庆祝的不是政党的胜利，而是自由的胜利。
这象征着一个结束，也象征着一个开端，表示了一种更新，也表示了一种变革。
因为我已在你们和全能的上帝面前，宣读了我们的先辈在170多年前拟定的庄严誓言。
signify (v.) : be a sign or indication of；mean表明；意味almighty (adj.) : having unlimited power；all—powerful有无限权力的；全能的forebear (n.) : an ancester 祖先，祖宗prescribe (v.) : set down as a rule or direction；order；ordain；direct命令；指示；规定，订立2.The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebear s fought are still at issue around the globe,1the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.2. 现在的世界已大不相同了，人类的巨手掌握着既能消灭人间的各种贫困，又能毁灭人间的各种生活的力量。
高级英语精读(二)
高等教育自学考试旅游英语（050222）本科专业高级英语精读(二)（01258）自学考试大纲黑龙江大学外语教学研究部目录编写前言编写说明一、课程性质和学习目的1、本课程的性质2、本课程设置的目的3、总体课程教学要求4、本课程与其它专业课程的关系5、学时安排二、自学考试大纲有关说明和实施要求1、考纲与教材关系2、考核目标3、命题原则4、学习要求5、自学教材6、自学方法7、社会助学8、本课程训练内容及方法三、课程内容和考核目标Lesson One: What’s Wrong with Our Press?Lesson Two: What to Listen for in MusicLesson Three: EvelineLesson Four: The Tragedy of Old Age in America Lesson Five: The Spanish BullfightLesson Six: Jerusalem the Golden (Excerpt)Lesson Seven: Science Has Spoiled My Supper Lesson Eight: I’ll Never Escape the GhettoLesson Nine: VivisectionLesson Ten: On Human nature and PoliticsLesson Eleven: Is America Falling Apart?Lesson Twelve: The Everlasting WitnessLesson Thirteen: Ace in the HoleLesson Fourteen:Selected Snobberies Lesson Fifteen: Three-Dimensional Youth四、样题及参考答案编写前言为了适应社会主义现代化建设事业对培养人才的需要，我国20世纪80年代初建立了高等教育自学考试制度，经过近20年的发展，高等教育自学考试已成为我国高等教育基本制度之一。
高中英语Unit2Period6CheckYourProgress课件北师大版选择性必修第一册
The troops are advancing on the village. 部队正在向那个村子进发。
【针对练习】 单句语法填空 (1)You’ll have to book a ticket ________ advance as it is not easy to get one in this season. (2)Her father was made ________(advance) worker in his factory last month. (3)She does well in her office and the boss has decided to advance her ________ head of the office. 【答案】(1)in (2)ad指的是我们所有的人吗？ 【答案】Do your words refer to all of us? (4)这个演讲涉及污染问题。 【答案】The speech refers to pollution. (5)关于我们的开支问题，我将支付所有费用的一半。 【答案】With reference to our cost, I’ll pay half of the total cost.
advance on/upon/towards… 朝……前进 in advance of 在……前面；超过 make an advance/advances取得进步 advance towards a place向某地前进 advance in sth.在某方面有进步，前进 advance sb.to a higher position使某人提升到一个更高职位
高级英语pub talk and the king27s english中英笔记
L3. Pub Talk and the King’s English(酒吧闲谈与标准英语)Henry Fairlie (亨利·费尔利) Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the way in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation.人类的一切活动中，闲谈是最具交际性的sociable（主题句），也是人类特有的。
而动物之间的信息交流，无论其方式何等复杂intricate，也是称不上交际的。
And it is an activity only of humans. (para1) 并且它是人类特有的一种活动。
And conversation is an activity which is found only among human being．Sociable [ˈsoʊʃəbl] adj.随和的，好交际的，友善的friendly or agreeable,eapecially in an easy,informal way(用书）intricate (adj) : hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships 错综复杂的；难以理解的，难懂的Indulge: 任凭自己沉溺于……；耽于to allow yourself to have or do sth that you like,eapecially sth that is considered bad for you ----indulge in sth, indulge yourself.例：Women do not indulge in to the same extent as men.deserve: 值得；应得The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meander s or leap s and sparkle s or just glow s. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has “something to say.”Conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. There is no winning in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalist s are those who are prepared to lose. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best anecdote s, but in a flash the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are readyto let it go.2. 闲谈的引人入胜之处就在于它没有一个事先设定好的主题。
商务英语课后答案
注意：tree diagram 是连续的线构成。
本笔记里有断裂是因为电脑图形无法画出连续的线，请大家自己将线连好。
也就是说，树形图必须都是连续的线。
Label是标在node旁边的。
Chapter 4 SyntaxContents4.1 The traditional approach4.1.1 Number, gender and case4.1.2 Tense and aspect4.1.3 Concord and agreement4.2 The structural approach4.2.1 Syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations4.2.2 Immediate constituent analysis4.2.2.1 IC analysis with brackets4.2.2.2 IC analysis with tree diagrams4.2.2.3 IC analysis with labelled tree diagrams4.2.2.4 Criterion of IC analysis4.2.2.5 Advantages of IC analysis4.2.2.6 Problems of IC analysis4.2.3 Endocentric and exocentric constructions4.3 The generative approachSyntax: is a branch of linguistics that studies how words are combined to form sentences and the rules that govern the formation of sentences.1. The traditional approachTraditionally, a sentence is seen as a sequence of words.(A sentence has a linear structure only.)Study of sentence involves study of the word, such as①classification of words (parts of speech/word class): noun, verb, adjective, adv, conj, prep, article, pronoun②identification of functions of words: subject, predicate.These parts of speech and functions are called categories.Category is also specifically used for the defining properties of these units (like noun or verb). Categories of noun: number, gender, caseCategories of verb: tense, aspect, voice1.1 Number, gender, case （这两条大家已熟悉，此处不再列出。
高级英语lesson2-marrakech课堂笔记
MarrakechGeorge Orwell1 As the corpse went past the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they came back a few minutes later.2 The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, no women--threaded their way across（break ones way）the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant over and over again. What really appeals to the flies is that the corpses here are never put into coffins, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot or two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. After a month or two no one can even be certain where his own relatives are buried.1.一具尸体抬过，成群的苍蝇从饭馆的餐桌上嗡嗡而起追逐过去，但几分钟过后又飞了回来。
高级英语loveisfallacy中英笔记
L5 Love is a fallacy1 Charles Lamb , as merry and enterprising [Showing initiative and willingness to undertake new projects (有事业心的, 有进取心的, 有魄力的, 有胆量的)] a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays[a very long time], unfettered [不受约束的To set free or keep free from restrictions or bonds (to unchain; to unshackle; to liberate)] the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream's Children. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb's frontier, [Consider this: Metaphor, comparing the limitations set by Lamb to a frontier. (limitations vs. limits) indeed, "informal" may not be quite the right word to describe this essay; "limp" or ―flaccid" [unpleasantly soft & weak]or possibly "spongy"[elastic/flexible] are perhaps more appropriate.查尔斯．兰姆是一个世所罕见的性情欢快、富有进取心的人，他那笔下的散文《古瓷器》和《梦中的孩子》无拘无束、自由奔放。
高级英语
entry
n. 英 / 'entri/
进入；入口；条目；登记；报关手续； 对土地的侵占
an item in his notebook
eg. A dictionary entry. 词典的条目。
shot
n. 发射；炮弹；射手；镜头;铅弹 adj. 用尽的；破旧的；杂色的，闪光的 v. 射击（shoot的过去式和过去分词）
tedious. 这工作既累人又枯燥。 （2）Such lists are long and
tedious to read. 这种清单读起来既冗长又乏味烦人。
Synonym boring
tediously adv.
tediousness n.
lie
英 / laɪ / ( past tense lay , past participle lain , present participle lying vi. 躺；说谎；位于；展现 vt. 谎骗 n. 谎言；位置 if a problem, an answer, blame etc lies somewhere, it is caused by, exists, or can be found in that thing, person, or situation 〔问题、答案、责任等〕存在，在于 eg.The strength of the book lies in the fact that the material is from classroom experience. 这本书的优点是它取材于课堂经验。
山上有座寺庙。
2.On the ground are piles of old books. 地上是成堆的旧书。
3.West of Beijing lies a large collection of old buildings. 北京的西部有一大群古建筑。
英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson_Twelve
Lesson Twelve Why I write Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1I should have to settle down and write books.settle down: become used to a way of life or job, etc.He soon settled down in the new school and began to work hard.2I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side.I was the middle child among three children, but I was five years younger than my elder brother and five years older thanmy younger brother.3I had a facility with words.I had a natural ability to use words easily and well.4in which I could get my own back for my failure在我自己的小天地里，我能补偿我在日常生活中的失败。
In my private world I could make up (compensate) for my failure in everyday life.5and picture myself as the hero of thrilling adventurespicture here means imagine.6but quite soon my "story" ceased to be narcissistic in a crude waybut quite soon my "story" ceased to be in an offensive and rude way.7my non-literary yearsthe years when I was not engaged in wirting literary works8So hee with difficulty and labor hard/Moved on: with difficult and labor hee,他身负困难和辛劳向前进：身负困难和辛劳的他。
英语自考本科高级英语笔记-下册-Lesson_Twelve_2
Lesson Twelve The Everlasting Witness Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1 a thousand and one felicitous birdsa great number of birds singing merrily2Marian's brother-in-law read the English page, as dedicated as a nice little boy reading the funnies…the English page refers to the special page printed in English of the local paper.the funnies are comic strips in newspaper.Her brother-in-law read the English page with such great interest and attention that he did not join in the conversation. 3Theresa's bright smile had always been her mark and now, childless and with a husband beyond war age, and a life bothordered and gay, it looked as if that smile had justified itself.Theresa always had a bright smile which is typical of her character. It seemed reasonable for her to have the smile. Her husband was beyond war age so she did not have to worry about his being drafted for war. And they were leading an orderly and happy life without their children living with them.4Marian opened her mouth to tell them what she had done the night before and then she closed it on brioche, no words.She opened her mouth to say something, and then she changed her mind and bit the brioche instead, saying nothing.5the trip to Mexico was for her to find herself, get back on her feetthe trip to Mexico was for her to find out what kind of situation she was in and get rid of her mental suffering and return to her normal condition.on one's feet: be in good health after an illness 痊愈，复原It's nice to see you on your feet again.6who was Jerry's stepfather and therefore involved multifoldly in her sufferingJerry's stepfather was worried about his wife and, for her sake, about her son.7For the matter she would drive herself and keep the whole event within her control.She would drive her own car to the cinema. In this way she could have all the freedom and plenty of time to decide what to do, when to do it and how long it should take.8But that part had not worked because she hadn't been able to let it work.That part refers to her husband's assumption that she would not be able to find the newsreel in Mexico.But she was determined to find, and in fact had found three cinemas that had the newsreel on show. And because of that, her husband's assumption hadn't worked. In other words, it hadn't come true.9She had to manage him alone, had sometimes failed him, had sometimes been burdened too greatly.She alone had had to teach him how to behave, had sometimes disappointed him by not meeting his needs, and had sometimes had to bear too much work so as to keep the family going.10…but this had not given him a retroactive father for the twelve-thirteen-fourteen-year-old times of crisis.…but this had not given him a father whose help he had needed most in his difficult early teens. It is believed that the early teens are a critical period of time for the growth of a boy.11She could hardly remember now what happened to her after the notification.She could hardly remember now what happened to her after she was notified her son was missing in action.12Nightmares of looking for him over hills of rubbled dying…She had nightmares in which she was looking for him amony the dying soldiers lying in rubbles over one hill after another…13Once two indolent people in the seats next to theirs delayed them…Once two impolite people in the seats next to theirs were so lazy as not to stand up in time for them to pass…14Her husband was lost to her.She was so absorbed in the newsreel that she forgot about the presence of her husband.15But she knew that no emotion was pertinent.Watching those shining new weapons for death, she could not help but become emotional and her hands and her neck began to sweat. But she knew that it was not a time for her to bring in any emotion.pertinent: having to do with the matter in hand.16She felt her blood pricking along her temples and there was pressure in her chest below the hollow.She felt a sharp pain along ther temples as if the blood was bursting out and there was pressure on her heart.17So strong a hope must play delaying games.Marian strongly hoped to see Jerry, but at the same time she was afraid that it might not be Jerry. So, psychologically, she tried to put off that decisive moment for fear of being disappointed, thus feeling as if the scene was delayed in coming.18She got out of her seat still unconscious of her husband.This shows that her mind was fully occupied by what she had seen in the picture.19We ain't going to play up to this and grin from ear to ear to make out we're well off…We are not going to make use of this film to gain anything for ourselves and grin ear to ear to show that we arein pretty good condition.We are not going to put on smiles and look nice so as to pretend for the film we are happy as prisoners of war.play up to: flatter 献媚He always plays up to his political bosses.be well of: provided with enough supply 供应充裕的He is well off for bright ideas.20That was hope and she had to feed it.She had the feeling that the newsreel should last a little longer, and that gave her hope that her son might be still alive.She must keep this hope alive and go to see the newsreel in other cinemas.21Up to now Theresa went with her, or dropped her and picked her up.Up to now Theresa either went with her to the flower market, or drove her there, let her get out of the car and then drove back, and then came back at an appointed time to take her back home.22This is the day. But what day?This is the day for her to go and see the newsreel alone, to find out if her son is in the newsreel. But is it going to be a satisfying day? Will she see her son in the newsreel or not? These are Marian's inner thoughts.23…she would simply make waiting womanly and rational.she would endure all her emotional distress like a woman, waiting for her son to come back in a patient and reasonable manner.24The uncertainty was at last behind her.She no longer felt uncertain about her son's life. She had made a decision.25Now she could go, whatever was that need for buying flowers, taken care of.No matter what need it was for buying flowers, she had that need taken care of when she left the flowers in the woman's place. So now she could go to the cinema.26Everything was getting ready for this moment.This moment refers to watching the newsreel.27Either she could tolerate.she had made a decision, so she felt she could endure either-her son's death or his being alive.28It did not occur to her that the newsreel might not be there.She did not think of the possibility that the newsreel might not be there.29She came in the middle of a French costume picture.A French costume picture is a film in which the actors wear French historical clothes (古装片).30She had long ago given the boys names.She had seen the newsreel so many times that she was very familiar with the boy's faces and had given a name to each of them quite some time ago.31…she whispered to herself, forming the words to make them solid.…she actually spoke out the words in a soft voice to herself.32She knew she loves Chris that much because of her pent-up love and terror for Jerry.For a long time, she repressed her love and terror for Jerry and closely confined them to herself. Now she expressed those feelings by way of showing love to Chris.33She remembered faster than lightning many a cold remedy…She very quickly remembered may remedies for curing colds.34He grimaced with his mouth and the hand with the ring was lifted to catch the twitching, trying to hold it.His mouth twisted giving a painful expression and he lifted his hand to catch the uncotrollable jerking of the muscle, trying to stop it.35…and his mother drowned in those vacant eyes.…absorbed in those blank, expressionless eyes, the mother was overwhelmed by grief and fainted away.36She wanted to drive her car, in motion and tension to find rest.She wanted to drive her car to keep herself in motion and tension so that she could forget her worries and grief.37…sat on the curb with his knees doubled over into the gutter.…The idiot sat on the curb with his knees bent over into the gutter.The curb is the edge of the sidewalk along a street.The gutter is a channel at the side of a street for carrying off surface water.38But all the same it did come to the boy who might be Jerry.Nevertheless the film came to show the young man who might be Jerry.all the same: nevertheless 然而，仍然He is not very reliable, but I like him all the same.Thank you all the same.39With her eyes riveted on him she could still see Chris in the back.With her eyes staring at the young man who might be Jerry, she could still see Chris behind the young man.rivet on: fix one's eyes on 凝视Mary riveted her eyes on the scene.。
高级英语复习笔记及讲解
高级英语复习笔记及讲解Lesson one: Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us about Ourselves and Our Society?1. Rock Superstars 摇滚乐超级明星rock : rock music , rock ' n ' roll ( or : rock and roll )摇滚乐早期的摇滚乐是源于美国的民歌( folk )爵士乐( jazz )勃鲁斯歌曲(blues)等的一种音乐,其特征是具有强烈的节奏( rhythm )单纯的旋律( melody )一再重复的歌词和音符的后拍音( after beat )2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion .摇滚乐是青少年的反叛音乐a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager ( 13 至19 岁的) 青少年的.其名词形式为teenager: (13至19岁的青少年).b. rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反,反派.如; a rebellion against old traditions 对旧传统的反叛.3. By a man’s heroes ye shall know him.你将从一个人崇拜的英雄得知其人.a.这句句子的句型与英语中常说的judge a man by the company he keeps(以一个人所交的朋友断定其为人)很相似.b. ye = you 用于古英语或诗歌中,是第二人称代词thou的复数. 如:Ye are the salt of the earth .你们是社会的中坚. (出自<<圣经>>)4. '' Midnight Ramblerramble : walk for pleasure漫游,既可表动词,也可作名词.如; They rambled through the woods.他们在林中漫步.5. ... he said, '' Grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform, sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners ... ''a. grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly ; snatch 急抓,夺取.如: He jumped up from the table, grabbed his hat and ran out of the door.他从桌子旁跳了起来,抓起自己的帽子,奔出门去.另外,grab后面可以跟其他名词或名词短语. 如:grab a shower快速冲了澡,grab a sandwich,胡乱吃了一个三明治,grab a taxi 赶搭出租车.有时,还可以作不及物动词. 如:He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad. 他设法抓住这次出国的机会b. sprinkle : to scatter drops or particles of water , powder or the like on 洒液体,撒粉末等(于......上). 如:They sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk .他们在积水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰.We sprinkle the lawn every day .我们每天给草坪洒水.以'' sprinkling ''引导的短语是动词的'' - ing '' 形式做伴随状语. 再如:They stood there , watching the basketball .他们站在那里,观看篮球比赛.6. They surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops.a. surge : to move or swell forward in or like waves 如波涛汹涌而至.A crowd surged out of the theater .观众从剧院里蜂拥而出.b. 以形容词'' eager ''引导的不定式词组在语法功能上起着并列分句的作用.7. Some 14,000 screaming fans were crunching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center...a. some : ( before a number ) approximately , about (在数字前)大约.如: some twenty students大约20个学生.b. scream to make a loud , sharp cry 尖声大叫.'' screaming ''是动词scream的'' - ing ''形式作前臵修饰语, '' screaming fans '' 意为"尖声大叫的歌迷"c. crunch : to proceed with a crushing noise嘎吱嘎吱地往前.如: The children crunched through the snow .孩子们嘎吱嘎吱地踩着雪走.8. I ought to be crawling on my knees.a. crawled : to move with the face downward and the boys close to the ground爬行.如; The bus crawled along .公共汽车缓慢地行进.注意:短语crawl into the favor of one's superiors表示"卑躬屈膝地讨好上司".b. on one's knees : 双膝跪地.9. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship?a. feel about : consider , think of 觉得,感到.经常用于疑问句中,如: How do you feel about the suggestion? 你认为这个建议怎么样?b. adulation 是adulate的名词形式.adulate : flatter or admire excessively过分赞赏,奉承,恭维.如: One can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars.年轻人为什么如此过分赞赏影星,真让人费解.10. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?a. draw : attracts 吸引.如: Some mutual interests draw us together .一些共同的兴趣把我们吸引到一块了.b. somehow : in some way not specified or known 不知什么缘故.如: Somehow I don't like this novel though it is so popular.这本小说虽然很流行,但不知什么原因我却不喜欢它.c. fantasy : imagination , esp. when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放的)想象,幻想,狂想.wildest fantasies ,最为狂妄的奇想.11. These aren't idle questions.idle : of no real worth or purpose 无聊的.如: idle rumor无聊的谎言.12. Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash.a. see ... as ... : consider ... as ...把......看作......b. forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest论坛.c. a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位语,后面由where引导的句子是定语从句,修饰a place.'' ideas clash and crash ''意为"各种思想冲撞".13. '' The redefinition, '' Horowitz says '' is a task uniquely performed by the young...'''' uniquely performed by the young '' 是过去分词短语,用于修饰前面的''a task''.14. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration...a. it is .. who ( that ) 是强调句式.b. lone : ( after a noun or pronoun ) only(在名词或代词后面)仅,只.His name alone was enough to draw a large audience .仅仅他的名字就足以吸引一大批观众.15. '' Rock music,'' he says '' is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force. ''rather than : instead of 而不是(肯定前者,否定后者.) 比如:He is a poet rather than a novelist .与其说他是小说家,不如说他是诗人.这里介绍另一个短语or rather,意为more exactly更为确切地说".如: late last night , or rather early this morning昨天深夜,更为确切地说,是今天清晨.16. It's just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s.a. 句中的it有the reason的意思, that = be cause .b. embody : give a definite form to具体体现如:The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor .这尊塑像表现了雕像家的感情.The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements .卡车的最新式样体现了许多改进的地方.17. TV network banned him.a. network : a group of radio or television stations linked by wire or microwaves (广播,电视)广播网b. ban : prohibit , forbid 禁止.如: Students are banned from reading dirty books .禁止学生阅读色情书刊.18. Most of the older viewers frowned, while most of the younger viewers applauded.a. frown: to wrinkle the forehead , such as when one is displeased or in deep thought皱眉.如:听到我说错了答案,他便皱起了眉头.短语frown on ( upon )表示"不赞同".如: He frowned upon my plan .他不赞同我的计划.b. applaud : to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation鼓掌喝彩;称赞.如: The audience applauded wildly .观众热烈鼓掌.c. 连接词while在这里表示对照,再如: I like books while my brother loves sports .我喜欢书,而我的兄弟则热衷于体育.19. The Rolling Stones, arrogant street-fighting men, demanded revolution.arrogant : acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的;妄自尊大的.如; He was just too arrogant to his subordinates .他对他的部下太傲慢了.20. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject.这里always a part of any musical statement 是feelings的同位语.21. The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate.range : a number of different things of the same general sort or type (变动的,可供选择的)范围;幅度.如: a range of colors to choose from可以选择的一系列颜色;a range of prices from 5 Yuan to 50 Yuan 从5元到50元不等的各种价格.22. This country element, Horowitz feels, helped its audience express an urge to '' get away from it all, ‘‘... urge : an instinctive drive .冲动.如: I felt an urge to further my studies in Europe .我有一种去欧洲深造的冲动.23. ...these rock musicians mirror feelings...mirror : reflect 反映.如: The election result reflects their opinions.选举结果反映了他们的观点.24. ... where it's heading?head ( for ) : move toward (朝某一方向)前进.如: They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting .他们去丛林深处打猎.Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People1. Jim Binns...wrote me about some of his misgivings.misgiving: worry, concern(常用复数)(对未来之事)疑虑不安,怀疑.如:I like your scheme in principle; my only misgiving is that it may require too large a sum of money.我原则上喜欢你的计划,唯一担心的是花销可能太大.2...our generation views the adult world with great skepticism...skepticism: doubt suspicion怀疑(态度);怀疑主义be skeptical about:对......持怀疑太度;不相信.如:He is skeptical about everything .他对一切事物都抱怀疑态度.with a skeptical expression带着怀疑的表情。
英语自考本科高级英语笔记-下册-Lesson_Nine_2
Lesson Nine I'll Never Escape the Ghetto Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1…these are credentials enough to qualify one as coming from Watts.…all this constitutes enough evidence to prove that I come from Watts.2But there is more to it than that.但是事情没有那么简单。
3 A college venture in Watts terms is a fateful act.Gong to college is an act that predetermines one's future, as does fate.在瓦茨人心目中，上大学是件有关命运的冒险行为。
4Watts, like other black ghettos across the country, is, for ambitious youths, a transient status.像全国各地的黑人区一样，对充满雄心壮志的年轻人来说，瓦茨是个暂留之地。
5The Watts-as-a-way-station mentality has a firm hold on both those who remain and those who leave.The mentality of taking Watts as a stopping station on the way to somewhere else has a firm hold on both those who remain and those who leave.把瓦茨视为中转站的心态在留下的及离去的人身上都有牢固的影响。
高级英语_Face_to_face_with_Hurricane_Camille中英笔记
Face To Face With Hurricane Camille迎战卡米尔号飓风约瑟夫.布兰克1John Koshak,Jr., knew Hurricane Camille would be bad. Radio and television warnings had sounded throughout that Sunday. Last August 17, as Camille lashed northwestward across the Gulf of Mexico. It was certain to pummel Gulfport, Miss., where the Koshaks lived. Along the coasts of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama, nearly 150,000 people fled inland to safer ground. But like thousands of others in the coastal communities, John was reluctant to abandon his home unless the family—his wife, Janis and their seven children, aged 3 to 11—was clearly endangered.小约翰。
柯夏克已料到，卡米尔号飓风来势定然凶猛。
就在去年8月17日那个星期天，当卡米尔号飓风越过墨西哥湾向西北进袭之时，收音机和电视里整天不断地播放着飓风警报。
柯夏克一家居住的地方一—密西西比州的高尔夫港——肯定会遭到这场飓风的猛烈袭击。
路易斯安那、密西西比和亚拉巴马三州沿海一带的居民已有将近15万人逃往内陆安全地带。
但约翰就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样，不愿舍弃家园，要他下决心弃家外逃，除非等到他的一家人一—妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄从三岁到十一岁的孩子一一眼看着就要灾祸临头。
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第二课Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in JapanTYPE of Writing: journalist writing (feature article) (as described by the author “a reportorial assignment)Paraphrase：1.The men with serious facial expressions were so absorbed in talking with each other and seemed not to pay any attention to people around them.2. As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door.3. The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between the old tradition and new development.4. I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.5.The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as I was.6. After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude.7. I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant. His words shocked me out of my sad dreamy thinking.8. I thought for some reason or other no harm had been done to me.翻译：1.There is not a soul in the hall. The meeting must have been put off.2. The book looks very much like a box./ The book looks much the same as a box..3. Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other.4. The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.5. He was deep in his thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about.6. What he did had nothing to do with her.7. She couldn’t fall asleep as her daughter’s illness was very much on her mind.8. I have had the matter on my mind for a long time.9. He loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and exchange opinions with them on various subjects.10. It was only after a few minutes that his words sank in.11. The soil smells of fresh grass.12. Could you spare me a few minutes?13. Could you spare me a ticket?14. That elderly grey-haired man is a coppersmith by trade.修辞手法：1. Simile: A simile makes a comparison between two unlike things having at least one quality or characteristic in common. The two things compared must be dissimilar and the basis of resemblance is usually an abstract quality. The vehicle is almost always introduced by the word "like" or "as".1) The bus went as slowly as a snail.2) Her eyes were jet black, and her hair was like a waterfall.2. Metaphor is considered the most important and basic poetic figure and also the commonest the most beautiful.1) Snow clothes the ground.2) The town was stormed after a long siege.3) Boys and girls, tumbling in the streets and playing, were moving jewels.Examples in the text:1) I had a lump in my throat2) At last this intermezzo came to an end...3) I was again crushed by the thought...4) ...when the meaning ... sank in, jolting me...3. Metonymy(借代、换喻)Uses sth generally or loosely associated with a concept to stand in for it.1) ...little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers ...struggle between kimono and the miniskirt2) I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact4. Euphemism: the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest sth unpleasant. e.g:1) He was sentenced to prison---He is now living at the government's expenses.2) The boy is a bit slow for his age.3) to go to heaven---dead4) to go to the bathroom, do one's business, answer the nature's call, put an end to my life.5) Each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares.5. Irony: People say the opposite of what they mean. For example, if the day has been terrible, you say, “Boy, this has been a great day!”Irony is more emphatic than a point-blank statement of the truth. It achieves its effect by reminding you of the opposite reality and this providing a scale by which to judge the resent reality.1) Hiroshima---the Liveliest City in Japan2) the good fortune that my illness has brought me6. Anti-Climax: A Humorous Figure of Speech, which refers to any of the following:a. A decline viewed in disappointing contrast with a previous rise: the anticlimax of a brilliant career.b. something trivial or commonplace that concludes a series of significant events: After a week of dramatic negotiations, all that followed was anticlimax.c. A sudden descent in speaking or writing from the impressive or significant to the ludicrous or inconsequential, or an instance of it;1) Alas！Alas！What shall I do? I've lost my wife and best hat, too!哎呀哎呀！我怎么办呢？我失去了妻子，又丢了最好的帽子！2) The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.士兵的职责是保卫祖国和剥土豆皮。