修辞手法解释及例句

1.Simile 明喻

明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.。标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.

例如:

1> I wandered lonely as a cloud.

2>. Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.

2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻

隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是通过比较形式，将某一事物的名称用于另一事物。

例如:

1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.

2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.

3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻

借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.

I.以容器代替内容,例如:

1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.

2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.

II.以资料、工具代替事物的名称,例如:

Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.

III.以作者代替作品,例如:

a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集

IV.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:

I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.

4.Synecdoche 提喻

提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如:

1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)

他的厂里约有100名工人.

2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿.

3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.

4>. Johnny Carson has much to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.

Organ (tongue) →Speaking speed

5. Personification 拟人

拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物. 例如:

1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）

2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）6.Hyperbole 夸张

夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果。例如:

1>.I beg a thousand pardons.

2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.

3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.

7.Parallelism排比, 平行

这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体. 例如:

1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.

2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.

8.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法

婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话. 例如:

1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.

2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.

3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. （去世）

9.Irony 反语

反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失、错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法. 例如:

1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning. 早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）

2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.

10.Pun 双关

双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥，作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想