(完整word版)英语定语从句用法详解
英语定语从句用法大全
英语定语从句用法大全定语从句（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词：when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。
（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。
e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。
形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。
e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that与which的区别。
1）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。
2019-2020学年新人教版高中英语新教案：必修一 定语从句专题讲解(详细) Word版
姓名，年级：时间：定语从句知识导图引入Mary is a girl who is happy。
概念定语从句：在复合句中起形容词作用，作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词：连接先行词和从句的词叫关系词.注意：关系词指代先行词，并在句子起连接作用，连接主句和从句，同时又在定语从句中充当成分（主、宾、表、状等）关系词根据其在从句中所充当的成分可以分为：关系代词：在从句中做主、宾、表、定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语（When/where/why)关系代词和关系副词用法注：高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为“明显的地点”转化“模糊化的地点”。
事实上，对于where这个词,考生不能只理解为表地点，当先行词表示某人/物的situation,或某事所发展的stage和point，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用where这个关系副词.常见的抽象名词作先行词的有：point， position， situation，stage，state，case， scene 等。
He said if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets， he would have already died of terror.他说假定我们真的到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。
定语从句的分类1)限制性定语从句:从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。
与先行词之间不用逗号。
Mary is a girl who has long hair先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词2)非限制性定语从句:是对先行词的补充说明或描绘作用，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。
从句一般用逗号同主句分开。
has won a scholarship。
定语从句的引导词及用法详解
定语从句的引导词及用法详解定语从句是英语中常用的句子结构，用来修饰名词或代词，进一步描述其特征、性质或所属关系等。
定语从句的引导词起到连接作用，使主句与从句之间产生一定的逻辑关系。
下面将详细介绍定语从句的引导词及其用法。
1. 关系代词关系代词在定语从句中既担当连接词的作用，又充当从句中的某一成分。
常见的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that。
a) who：引导定语从句修饰人，作主语或宾语。
例句1：He is the man who saved my life.他就是救了我一命的那个人。
例句2：The girl who I talked to last night is my neighbor.我昨晚跟那个女孩说话的是我的邻居。
b) whom：引导定语从句修饰人，作宾语。
例句3：The girl whom he loves is very beautiful.他爱的那个女孩很漂亮。
c) whose：引导定语从句修饰物或人，表示所属关系。
例句4：The book whose cover is red belongs to me.那本封面是红色的书是我的。
d) which：引导定语从句修饰物，作主语或宾语。
例句5：This is the car which I bought last week.这是我上周买的车。
e) that：引导定语从句修饰人或物，通常可用来代替who, whom, which。
例句6：The man that you met yesterday is my brother.你昨天遇到的那个人是我兄弟。
2. 关系副词关系副词在定语从句中既充当连接词的作用，又充当从句中的某一成分。
常见的关系副词有：when, where, why。
a) when：引导时间定语从句。
例句7：I still remember the day when we first met.我依然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。
英语高中定语从句讲解
英语高中定语从句讲解英语高中定语从句讲解高中定语从句讲解篇一1. 以what等连接代词引导的主语从句What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。
Whoever wants it may have it. 谁要都可以给他。
同类的连接代词还有：What， who， whom， whose， which，whatever， whoever， whichever2. 以that， whether从属连词引导的主语从句It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪，他竟然错了。
That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我们需要更多的设备，这是很明显的。
Whether he will join us won't make too much difference.他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别。
3. 主语从句的引导词that时候可以省略当主语从句不太长时，引导词“that”可以省略It's clear (that) he has done his best. 很明显他已经尽力而为了。
It's a wonder (that) he didn't fail. 真奇怪，他没有失败。
4. 以when等连接副词引导的主语从句When they will come hasn't been made public. 他们什么时候来还没有公布。
Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪儿，还不知道。
Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 为什么他做那件事将永远是个谜团。
学好英语的18条黄金法则1．What is language for? Some people seem to think it is for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words--the longer the wor ds the better. That’s wrong. Language is for theexchange of ideas, for communication.语言到底是用来干什么的呢？一些人认为它是用来操练语法规则和一大堆单词——而且单词越长越好。
定语从句用法详解
定语从句用法详解
定语从句是指用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句。
它通常由关系代词或关系副词引导，并紧跟在被修饰词后面。
在英语中，定语从句的使用非常普遍且灵活，它可以为句子提供更多的信息，使语言表达更加丰富和准确。
关系代词引导的定语从句通常有三个主要形式：that, which和who（whom）。
关系代词的选择取决于修饰的名词或代词的不同。
比如，that通常用于修饰事物，which用于修饰事物或非限制性定语从句，而who（whom）通常用于修饰人。
关系副词引导的定语从句有两个主要形式：where和when。
关系副词where用于修饰地点，而when用于修饰时间。
这些关系副词常常在从句中充当副词的角色，起到修饰整个定语从句的作用。
在使用定语从句时，需要注意以下几点：
1. 在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词的选用要准确。
根据修饰的名词或代词的不同，选择合适的关系词来引导定语从句。
2. 定语从句中的主语和宾语要与先行词保持一致。
如果先行词在定语从句中是主语，则用who或which来引导定语从句；如果先行词在定语从句中是宾语，则用whom或which来引导定语从句。
3. 定语从句可以放在被修饰词的前面或后面，但要注意语序的正确性，特别是在从句放在前面的情况下。
总结来说，定语从句是英语中一个重要且常用的句子结构。
掌握好定语从句的用法，能够极大地扩展我们的语言表达能力，使句子更加准确和具体。
(word完整版)英语定语从句用法详解
英语定语从句用法详解在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose， which, that等和关系副词where， when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份.1.由who引导的定语从句中， who用作主语，如： This is the boy who often helps me.2。
由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.3.由whose引导的定语从句中， whose用作定语，如： Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4。
由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：The room in which there is a machine is a work shop。
The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want。
注意：(1）whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在 whom、which之前 , 也可放在从句原来的位置上;但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。
如： He is the very person whom we must take good care of.(2）引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that，如：I have lostmy bag， which I like very much.（3）关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致.5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语,如：The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。
定语从句用法详解(最新独家例句)
定语从句用法详解（最新独家例句）在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句属于形容词性从句。
定语从句所修饰的词，语法上叫先行词。
定语从句放在先行词后面，由关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose和关系副词where, when和why引导从句。
对中学生来说，定语从句是英语语法中最难的存在，为什么？因为关系代词和关系副词一方面要引导定语从句，另一方面它们还指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，状语或定语。
这是我们掌握定语从句的关键。
所以在定语从句中要选择关系代词和关系副词，就要看它指代的先行词在从句中充当什么成分：一、在从句中做主语或宾语1，先行词是人，在从句中做主语，用who或that引导：There are social media celebrities who build followings by sharing emotionally appealing lies. 有些网红通过分享煽情的谎言来吸引粉丝关注。
As anyone who has ever had a toothache knows, nothing is more miserable than problems with your teeth.任何一个牙痛过的人都知道，没有什么比牙齿问题更痛苦的了。
Mothers who are interested in losing weight after giving birth to a baby need to take a multidimensional approach to solving the problem.有兴趣在生完孩子后减肥的母亲需要采取多方面的方法来解决这个问题。
A thousand years ago，they didn’t have comedians, but they had people who looked at things in different ways.千年前，没有喜剧演员，但他们有以不同方式看待事物的人。
定语从句用法详解[高考英语语法]
![定语从句用法详解[高考英语语法]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/61b0c62511661ed9ad51f01dc281e53a580251e0.png)
定语从句详解⾸先，（任何）从句结构：“关联词+从句主语+从句谓语”位置：从句之⾸，主句先⾏词之后。
成分：关系代词和关系副词均在定语从句中充当句⼦成分。
⾮限制性定语从句：（1）反作补充说明，与主语关系不甚密切，朗读时先⾏词⽤降调并稍做停顿，多半逗号与主句隔开。
（2）能修饰整个句⼦，限制性定语从句则不能。
与限制性定语从句含义不同，限制-是确指，⾮限制性定语从句是泛指。
（3）先⾏词为{专有名词，具有特指对象的名词}⼀般要⽤到⾮限制性定语从句。
（4）关系代词不能⽤that ，先⾏词指{⼈：⽤who、whom；物：which }关系代词与介词“介词+关系代词”既能引导⾮限制性定语从句，⼜能引导⾮限制性定语从句。
介词要根据先⾏词、从句的谓语动词、从句中的形容词来选择，也可根据句意选择。
I．介词放在关系代词的前⾯时，介词短语只能⽤which代物；和⽤whom代⼈；whose还可在从句中与它所修饰的词⼀起作介词宾语。
This is the hero of whom we are proud.I want to find the very pen with which I wrote that letter.The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.II．当介词放在句⼦的末尾时，可⽤that/which代物，that/whom/who来作为介词的宾语，且这个做介词宾语的关系代词往往忽略This is the hero that (who/whom/忽略) we are proud of.特:(1)from where为”介词+关系副词”结构,where作from的宾语,但也可引导定语从句。
例如:We stood at the top of the hill,from where we can see the town.(2) 有些动词+介词所组成的短语动词，关系⾮常紧密，介词不能前置。
高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)
高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解（附同步练习）★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。
（一）. 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。
2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
4. that以上三种情况均可用that。
指人或指物，可作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略。
（二）. 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系，表示“某人的”或“某物的”。
完整版)定语从句语法详解
完整版)定语从句语法详解定语从句是用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句，通常放在先行词之后，由关系词引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，因此也被称为形容词性从句。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
关系词是引导定语从句的关联词，包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
who。
whom。
whose。
which和as（主、宾、定）；关系副词有when。
where。
why（状语）。
关系词的作用是连接先行词和定语从句，并代替先行词在句中充当成分。
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。
从句和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略。
例如：She has found the necklace that she lost two weeks ago.非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明，但如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。
从句和主句之间用逗号隔开，一般用于口语或文学作品中。
例如：My friend。
who is a doctor。
gave me some medical advice.这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
2.只用which的情况：1)当先行词在从句中作表语时，只能用which，不能用that。
XXX.他给出的理由不令人信服。
2)当先行词是物时，且在从句中作主语时，只能用which，不能用that。
egThe book which is on the desk is XXX.在桌子上的书是我的。
3.既可以用that，也可以用which的情况：1)当先行词是人或物时，且在从句中作宾语时，that和which都可以使用。
XXX.我昨天遇到的那个人是一名医生。
The car that/which I bought last year is very XXX.我去年买的那辆车非常贵。
2)当先行词在从句中作介词宾语时，that不能用，只能用which。
(完整word版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题(含答案)
定语从句讲解一．基本介绍❶功能：相当于adj,修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
❷位置：被修饰词之后❸先行词：被定语从句修饰的词❹关系词：连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。
❺确定关系词的步骤：先看先行词，指的是什么；看关系词在充当的成份。
二．特殊用法1.He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels______filled his bus.2.The village is no longer the one ___it was five years ago. 5.Such books____you bought are useful.23.Which are the books____you bought for me? 6.____ is known,the earth is round.4.There is a room,_____window faces the river. 7.There is lots of air in loose snow,_____can keep the cold out.3高中定语从句练习（整理）1. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the factory.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom2. We are going to spend this Spring Festival in Beijing, _____ live our grandparents and some relatives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. where3. There are many areas in the world _____ lack experienced doctors.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. what4. The years and months _____ we spent together are really wonderful to us all.A. whenB. on whichC. in whichD. that5. _____ has been described above, it is a general rule that solids expand as the temperature increases and contract when they are cooled.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. Which6. A. who’s B. which C. whose7. Susan is not the brilliant writer _____ she used to be. D. thisA. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom8. I, who _____ your friend, will try my best to help you.A. beB. amC. areD. is9. The size of the audience, _____ we had expected, was well over 1600.A. asB. thatC. whichD. who10. They have started an investigation, _____ are being kept secret.A. whose detailB. whose the detailsC. the details of whichD. the detail of it11. Have you ever asked him the reason _____ may explain his absence?A. whyB. for whichC. whichD. what12. There were two rooms in the beach house, _____ served as a kitchen.A. the smaller of themB. the smallest of whichC. the smaller of whichD. smallest of which13. He imagined various ways _____ he could teach her how to learn English well.A. /B. thatC. in whichD. A , B & C14. The speed _____ light travels is said to be the maximum in the universe.A. in whichB. by whichC. at whichD. from which15. Can you think out a situation _____ this idiom can be used?A. in whichB. thatC. whereD. A & C16. China has hundreds of islands, _____ is Taiwan.A. in which the largestB. its largest of whichC. of which the largestD. which the largest17. We ate in a luxurious restaurant but it wasn’t such a good dinner _____ she had promised us.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what18. They stayed with me for three weeks, _____ they drank all the wine I had.A. whichB. which timeC. during whichD. during which time19. She was dressed in the same way _____ she was when I saw her last time.A. thatB. asC. onceD. in which20. The fire started on the first floor of the hospital, _____ patients are mostly elderly people.A. itsB. whichC. whoseD. their21. The company official _____ I thought would be fired received a raise.A. whomB. whoeverC. whoD. of whom22. Alec asked the policeman _____ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A. with himB. whoC. whomD. with whom23. We are living in an age _____ many things are done on computer.A. at whichB. thatC. whenD. which24. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _____ are sold abroad.A. whichB. which ofC. of whichD. of that25. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _____ was more than we could expect.A. itB. whichC. whatD. that26. He’s such a good teacher _____ we all love and respect.A. thatB. as C who D. whom27. Today, more and more people are concerned about the way _____ the environment is being destroyed.A. whichB. in thatC. in whichD. how28. The old man finally got a chance to visit the school, _____ he used to study, _____ he had beendreaming of for years.A. that…whichB. where…thatC. in which…whatD. where…which29. This is the least interesting book _____ during my holidays.A. that I have ever read itB. what I have ever readC. I have ever readD. which I have ever read30. The result is not the same _____ they had expected, _____ was rather disappointing.A. which…asB. as... thatC. that…whichD. as…which31. We interviewed the old lady, _____ had been killed in the air crash last week.A. whose all childrenB. all her childrenC. all of her childrenD. all of whose children32. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _____ are mine.A. of which fiveB. in which fiveC. five of whichD. A & C33. ---Is this dictionary _____ you want to buy?---Yes, this is the very dictionary _____ I need.A. which…thatB. the one…whichC. the one…/D. the one that…which34. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, _______ I can be reached most evenings.A. whichB. whenC. whomD. where35. The friendship is like health, _____ is seldom known until it is lost.A. its valueB. the value of itC. the value of whichD. whose the value36. I can think of many cases _____ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions butcouldn’t write a good essay.A. whichB. in whichC. whereD. B & C37. The artist _____ the judge gave a prize is the teacher _____ I have been taught painting for two years.A. from whom…by whomB. to whom…whoC. to whom…by whomD. from whom…who38. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.A. whoB. asC. about whichD. with whom39. Last night I took a taxi, _____ took me straight home.A. and itB. itC. whichD. A & C40. I shall never forget the days _____ I lived in the countryside with the farmers, _____ has a great effecton my life.A. when…thatB. when…whenC. when…whichD. which…which41. The town _____ you visited last month is the one _____ Einstein was born.A. where…whereB. which…whichC. that…whereD. that...which42. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. at whichD. in that43. Tom’s mother kept telling that he should work harder, _____ didn’t help.A. but itB. asC. whichD. A & C44. I’m looking for a present for my mother’s birthday, _____ she can use and at a reasonable price.A. thatB. oneC. whatD. which45. There isn’t much _____ I can do, _____ makes me disappointed.A. that…whichB. which…thatC. that…thatD. which…which46. That e-book is no larger than an ordinary book with a screen _____ you can read novels.A. in whichB. thatC. whereD. of which47. "Who moved my cheese?”, _____ is a best-selling book, is written by Spencer Johnson.A. whichB. thatC. itD. whose48. Shirley said that she would have a two-week holiday in July, _____ I think, is impossible.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which49. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _____ for the first time in years their teamwon the World Cup.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. while50. I was so angry at all _____ he was doing _____ I walked out.A. that…thatB. which…thatC. which…whichD. /…which51. The moment he set his foot in the new country, to his great surprise, he was surrounded by friendlypeople_____ he could turn for help.A. from whomB. to whomC. on whomD. by whom52. It was not until Mum agreed to take her to KFC, _____ was her favorite, _____ the spoilt girl stoppedcrying.A. that…thatB. that…whichC. which…thatD. which…which53. You can use a large plastic bottle, _____ cut off, as a pot to grow flowers in. Which is wrong?A. the top of which isB. whose top isC. its top isD. with its to54. The British are not so familiar with different cultures and ways of doing things, ______is often thecase in other countries.A. thatB. soC. whatD. as55. Keep the drug _____ is out of children reach.A. in a place whereB. whereC. in a place whichD. in which56. When we talk about the cities in United States, the first _____ comes into our mind is New York.A. oneB. cityC. thatD. which57. He arrived in Shanghai in 2003, _____, some time later, he became a teacher.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which58. The challenge is to create a system, _____ the farmers can teach the world about plant medicine.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. for which59. Jogging on the road was one of the reasons _____ 21 people, including 20 students and 1 teacher, diedand another 16 were injured in the accident in Shanxi Province.A. becauseB. whichC. for whichD. how60. It was in the Beihai Park, _____ they made a date for the first time _____ the old couple told us their love story.A. where…thatB. that…whereC. that…thatD. where…when定语从句Key1. BDCDB 6. CBBAC 11. CCDCD 16. CCDBC 21. CDCCB 26. BCDCD 31. DDCDC 36. DCDDC 41. CADB A 46.CADC A 51.BCCDC 56. CBACA。
定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法详解，希望能够帮助考生备考英语学科考试，赢得高分。
一、定语句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。
定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式，分词，动名词或从句来充当。
eg: She is a beautiful girl. (形容词)I met someone funny on my way to Beijing. (形容词)(修饰不定代词的定语后置)He is an English teacher. (名词)(名词作定语时一般用单数，例外的有sports, 如a sports star)I have a lot of work to do. (不定式)The book written by a schoolboy is very popular now. (过去分词短语)We can see the rising sun. (现在分词) = the sun is rising.He is in the reading room. (动名词) = the room for readingThe boy who broke the window is Tom’s brother. (从句)注意：1.形容词作定语一般放在所修饰的词前面;但当形容词修饰的是something, anything, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, everybody, somewhere等不定代词时，要放在这些词的后面。
present (在场的), absent (缺席的)作定语时需要后置。
students present / absent2. 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。
3 分词作定语时，即可放在所修饰词前，也可放在所修饰词后1)分词前置：单独的一个分词作定语，一般放在所修饰词前。
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人2)分词后置分词在以下情况，放在所修饰词的后面i. 分词词组; There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里ii. 个别分词如given, left;This is the question given. 这是所给的问题iii. 修饰不定代词something等There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英语定语从句用法详解在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me.2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want.注意：(1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。
如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of.(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lostmy bag, which I like very much.(3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如：The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如：All that we have to do is to practise English.(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如The first letter that I got from him will be kept.(3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如He is the only person that I want to talk with.(5)先行词既有人又有物时，如:They talked about persons and things that they met.(6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如：Who is the man that is giving us theclass?6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如:I don't know the reason why he was late.This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。
This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。
引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句，不影响主句意思的完整，一般用逗号把主句和从句分开，关系代词用which,不用that;指人时可用who,如：I have two brothers, who are both students.8．如何简化定语从句（1）.定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。
如:My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.→My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在离这儿很远的一个村子。
This is a book that is worth reading.→This is a book worth reading. 这是一本值得看的书。
（2）定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。
The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.→The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.站在树下面的那个人是我们的英语老师。
I saw the house that was burning at that time.→I saw the burning house at that time.当时我看到那房子在燃烧。
（3）定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。
I like to see the films which are directed by Zhang Yimou.→I like to see the films directed by Zhang Yimou. 我喜欢看张艺谋导演的电影。
She is the girl who was praised at the school meeting.→She is the girl praised at the school meeting. 她就是在校会上受表彰的那个女孩。
（4）定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。
He is always the first person that comes to school.→He is always the first person to come to school.他总是第一个到校。
The report which will be given tomorrow is important to us.→The report to be given tomorrow is important to us. 明天要作的报告对我们很重要。
（5）定语从句简化为what 从句。
I couldn't remember the words that he said.→I couldn't remember what he said.我记不得他说的话。
【典型例题解析】例1 The second book ______I want to read is Business @ the Speed of Thought.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. as解析先行词book被序数词修饰时要用that引导定语从句，故选C。
例2 I'll never forget the days _____I stayed with you.A. whenB. in whichC. thatD. for which解析本题指时间，故选A。
例3 The book______ is sold out at the moment.A. you needB. what you needC. which you need itD. that you need it解析B、C、D中的what和it与先行The book相抵触，故选A。
例4 Is this the place ______Lincoln once lived.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when解析本题指地点，故选C。
例5 I'm one of the boys _________ never late for school.A. that isB. who areC. who amD. who is解析本题中who用作主语，谓语动词与先行词the boys保持一致，故选B。
【选讲例题】例6 Her sister,______ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.A. whomB. thatC. whichD. who is解析非限制性定语从句中，关系代词用which,不用that,但指人时用who或whom.故选A。
例7 These book are for students _____ mother language is not English.A. of whomB. thatC. whichD. whose解析whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语，故选D。
初中定语从句的用法和精练一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.先行词定语从句昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词where, when, why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
①I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （关系代词作主语）先行词关系代词我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。