一般过去式及被动语态的讲解与练习
初中英语语法:被动语态用法全解及专项习题(附答案)
初中英语语法:被动语态用法全解及专项习题(附答案)被动语态的时态:1.一般现在时的被动语态:am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态:was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态:will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态:am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态:have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world.English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young主动语态变被动语态的变法:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done ,时不变,数格必须随被变。
注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
一般过去时被动语态基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语+ was /were +过去分词+by?It was made in Beijing Ren'ai Education Institute .(2) 否定式:主语+was /were + not +过去分词+ by?She was not given a paniting by him . This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday .(3) 一般疑问句:Was /Were+主语+过去分词+by ?Was it made of bamboo?(4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑+was/were+过去分词+by?What was it made of ?特殊情况的被动语态:1.带双宾语的被动语态:动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to /for 间宾连。
一般过去式专项讲解与练习
一般过去式(一)一般过去时的概念一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。
谓语动词要用动词的过去式,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday昨天、last night昨晚、last week上周、last year去年,等。
(二)一般过去时的结构(可分三类不同的结构)1.Be动词的一般过去时am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were肯定句式:主语+ was /were+ 其它.否定句式:主语+ was/were + not + 其它.一般疑问句:was/were+ 主语+ 其它?2.实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do 和does 的过去式did.肯定句式:主语+ 动词(过去式)+ 其它否定句式:主语+ didn’t(did not)+ 动词(原形)+ 其它一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】?注:(1)did和didn’t是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。
(2)实意动词do的一般过去时I do my homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子)I did my homework yesterday.I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句)Did you doyour homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句)3. 情态动词的一般过去时态肯定句式:主语+ 情态动词+ 其它否定句式:主语+ 情态动词+ not + 其它.一般疑问句:情态动词+ 主语+ 其它?注:情态动词的过去式:can→could , may→might , must→must ,will-would,should-should。
被动语态总结及习题
习 题:主动被动转换
We should allow teenagers to watch TV on Sunday. Teenagers should be allowed to watch TV on Sunday( by us). People may catch fish in the river. Fish may be caught in the river (by people). I can finish the work. Should many more trees be planted by us? Many more trees should be planted by us. The work can be finished by me.
版 come true 实现 break out 爆发 run out 用光,耗尽
课堂练习
1. Look. The ground _i_s_c_o_v_e_r_e_d__( cover) with white snow. 2. The park is often_c_l_e_a_n_e_d_( clean) by many volunteers. 3. We_a_r_e_a_s_k_e_d__(ask) to hand in our homework on time
This pen _____smoothly.
A.writes B.write C.is written D.was written
句意为“这支钢笔写起来很流畅”。 write 的主动形式表示被动意义。
注意:(四)无被动
一.不及物动词(rise,happen...) 二.系动词(seem,get,turn,六变化,五感官,三保持) 三.部分短语:take place 发生,break down 损坏,come out 开花,出
一般过去时及其被动语态
一般过去时及其被动语态一.一般过去时:1.用法:(1)一般过去时表示过去某个时间或时间段内发生的动作或存在的状态;常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 1990, before等。
e.g. I visited my grandparents last night.He got up at 6:30 yesterday.⑵一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
e.g. He always went to school by bus last year.I was often late for school before.2. 时间状语(标志词):(1)last(上一个)+表示时间的单数可数名词(day/month/ week/year等);e.g. last day昨天= yesterdaylast year去年last week上个周(2)时间段+ ago(以前),表示“多长时间以前”;e.g. three days ago三天以前;five weeks ago五周前one month ago一个月以前(3) in +过去的年份,表示在哪一年;e.g. in 1998在1998年in 2020在2020年(4)in the past在过去;(5)then = at that moment在那时3.谓语动词形式:(1)be动词: was(am/is的过去时); were(are的过去时);(2)实义动词:过去式形式:e.g. Tom went to school yesterday.We are classmates three years ago.Everything went well at that moment.4. 一般过去时肯定句转换为否定句,疑问句及疑问句的肯定和否定回答;(1)含有be动词(was/were)的陈述句变为一般疑问句,直接把be 动词提到句首,然后把“.”变“?”即可,其中第一人称I和we要相应的变为第二人称you。
超详细一般过去时的全面讲解【附练习与答案】
一般过去时的全面讲解01、一般过去时的基本结构1. 肯定句形式:主语+动词过去式+其他例: I was an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我是一名英语老师。
I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。
2. 否定句形式:①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词例:I wasn't an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我不是一名英语老师。
I didn't buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。
3. 一般疑问句:①was/were提到句首;②Did+主语+动词原形+其他?例:Were you an English teacher one year ago? 一年前你是一名英语老师吗?Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子吗?4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句例:What were you one year ago? 一年前你是做什么的?When did you buy a yellow dress? 你什么时候买了一条黄裙子?02一般过去时的基本用法1. 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态(与现在无关)。
常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等过去具体时间状语连用。
He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。
What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事?2. 在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。
初中语法被动语态讲解及练习
in French. I cannot read it.
A. writing B. witten C. wrote D. writes
答案B
解析:考查被动语态。句意:信是用法语写的。我看不懂。主语ltter 与谓语动词write之间的逻辑
关系为被动,应用被动语态。故选B。
6,——I want to teach in Tibet when I graduate from the college.
——English, oses C. is used D. has used
答案 C
解析:考查被动语态。根据句意,一在世界上哪个语言是被最广泛使用的?-当然是英语。主语
language与动词use之间是被动的关系,需要用被动语态,故答案为C。
5,The letter is
4,被动语态变化三部曲
主谓结构被动语态的变化 主谓结构:主语+谓语+宾语 例: They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 他们将在会议上讨论这个计划。 The plan will be discussed at the meeting. 这个计划将在会议上讨论。 备注:“主语+谓语+宾语”结构中只有一一个宾语 ,变为被动语态时,将宾语变为主语 主谓双宾结构被动语态的变化 主谓双宾:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 例1 : We gave the student some books. 我们给了这个学生几本书。 The student was given some books. 这个学生被给了几本书。 例2 : We gave the student some books. Some books were given to the student. 备注:在这个句型中,谓语动词跟有两个宾语。变成被动语态时,一般将通常指人的间接宾语 转化成主语;注意:当指物的直接宾语作被动语态的主语时,通常要在指人的间接宾语前加上适当 的介词(如to, for, of等) ,以加强间接宾语的语气,如例2。
被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)
被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be 随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2)has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here.4)was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5)had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6)was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7)shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8)should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
(完整版)被动语态专项练习附答案解析
初中英语被动语态专项讲解一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。
英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。
)各种时态的被动语态构成:1.一般现在时:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词Eg:I'm asked to take care of myself.Football is played all over the world2.一般过去时:was/were+及物动词的过去分词Eg:This house was built in 1958.His leg was broken in an accident.3.一般将来时:will/shall be+及物动词的过去分词Eg:More factories will be built in our city.He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.4.现在进行时:am/is/are being+及物动词的过去分词.Eg: A road is being built around the mountain.Many new houses are being built in this cit5.过去进行时:was/were being+及物动词的过去分词Eg:The meeting was being held when I was there.We were being trained this time last year.6.现在完成时:have/has been+及物动词的过去分词Eg:His book has been translated into many foreign languages.The prices of many goods have been cut again .7.过去完成时:had been + 及物动词的过去分词Eg:A new school had been set up by the end of last year.8.含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Eg:The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.4.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
小学英语过去式讲解(附练习及答案)
一般过去时的概念:一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:last year, yesterday等。
例如:I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。
一般过去时的结构1、肯定形式:主语+动词过去式+其他例句:She often came to help us in those days.2、否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词例句:I didn't know you like coffee.3、一般疑问句:①Did+主语+谓语动词原型+其他?②WasWere+主语+表语?例如:-Did you go to Beijing last week?-Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.)4、一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?例如:-What did you do last night?-I did my homework.动词过去式的构成:(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。
如:look-looked。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。
如:live-lived。
③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节(辅元辅结构),先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:stop-stopped。
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。
如:study-studied。
(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
如:am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。
一般过去时口诀一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间。
动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。
否定句很简单,didn't 站在动词原形前,其它部分不要变。
初中一般过去时讲解及训练
一般过去时讲解及练习一、一般过去时的概念和用法一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
Eg:-What did you do yesterday?-I met Lin Tao . (过去某个时间发生的动作)I was there a moment ago. (过去某个时间存在的状态)We often played together when we were children.(过去经常或反复发生的动作)注:表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 。
Eg:He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟,但现在不抽了。
二、常用于一般过去时的时间状语yesterday, this morning,just, just now, ...ago(a moment ago,3 days ago,2 hours ago...), in the past,last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day,以及时间状语从句中(常用引导词:before,after,when,until,as soon as 等)。
Eg:It was raining heavily when I left school.Mr Green didn’t start cooking until his son was back from school last night.三、一般过去时对谓语动词的要求一般过去时用动词的过去式构成。
即一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。
动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式,不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆,规则变化则遵循以下原则:(1)一般在动词后加-ed。
如:play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。
初中英语一般过去时讲解+练习(含答案)
1. 动词在语言中是必不可少的一部分。
它的语法现象也较多,但在初中范围主要有以下几方面问题。
① 时态:初中范围主要有一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时和现在完成时,六种时态。
② 语态:主动语态与被动语态。
③ 助动词和情态动词。
④ 非谓语动词,也就是不定式,动名词及现在分词的用法。
2. 人教版初中英语教学大纲中除了以上 6 种时态,还会涉及到过去将来时和过去完成时,考生要熟练掌握这些时态的构成形式及基本用法。
3. 动词时态一般出现在单项选择题和完形填空题中,前者一般 2 道题,后者一般 1 道题,共占 5 分左右;此外在写作部分,时态是一个重点考察的项目,时态如果把握好,能给作文大大提分。
动词各时态在每个年级的分布:第 5 讲 一般过去时1.yesterday 或与其构成的短语:yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等;2.由 last+时间名词构成的短语:last night, last year (winter, month, week)等;3.由―时间段+ago 构成的短语:a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago 等;4.其它 just now ,过去的时间:in 2000 等;一般过去时在七年级下册 Unit 11 中第一次出现,在这个单元的学习中,学生需要掌握以下知识点:一般过去时的定义及特征一般过去时的两种结构及其变化一般过去时的规则动词变形和不规则变形一般过去时的定义及特征定义:表示过去某个时间里发生的非持续性动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
She opened the door this morning. (过去的非持续性动作) They were expensive twenty years ago. (过去存在的状态) I went swimming every Saturday last year. (过去经常发生的事)特征: a.谓语动词用过去式She was a doctor.I watered the flowers in the back yard. b.有表示过去的时间词She saw some paintings yesterday . Mary went fishing last weekend .注意:常与过去时搭配使用的标志性时间词1. 否定: 主语+was/were + not +其它 I was not (wasn’t) here yesterday.My parents were not (weren’t) at home last 2. 一般疑问句: Was/ Were +主语+其他?肯定回答用―Yes, 主语+was/were. 否定回答用―No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t. ―Were you at home yesterday? ―Yes, I was. (No, I wasn’t.)—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just3. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + was/ were + 主语+其他?【即学即练】1. He usually gets up early in the morning. But he late today.2. She usually works from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. But she from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. yesterday.3. They often go to the park on Sundays. But they to the park last Monday.4. He reads the newspaper at breakfast. But he the newspaper yesterday morning.一般过去时的两种结构及其变化结构一:表示过去的状态: 主语+was/were +其它如:She was here yesterday.Three years ago I was a pupil. My parents were at home last night. 变化形式:否定:主语+did not +实义动词原形+其它 He didn’t watch TV yesterdayMike did not go to the farm last Sunday.一般疑问句: Did+ 主语+实义动词原形+其它? Did he watch TV yesterday?Did Mike go to the farm last Sunday?3.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + did+ 主语 +实义动词原形+其它?What did he do yesterday?Where did Mike go last Sunday?结构二:表示过去发生的动作: 主语+实义动词过去式+其它注意:实义动词过去式分为规则和不规则变化(知识点三、四将会做详细讲解)如:He watched TV yesterday.Mike went to the farm last Sunday. Tom came to China last month. 变化形式:【即学即练】 1. My father ill yesterday. ( 2017 长沙七年级期末) A. isn’t B. aren’t C. wasn’tD. weren’t 2. your parents at home last week? ( 2017 江西七年级月考)A. isB. wasC. areD. were3. The twins in Dalian last year. They here now. ( 2016 大连七年级期末) A. are; wereB. were; areC. was; areD. were; was4. I my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. ( 2017 兰州七年级期末)A. finishedB. would finishC. was finishingD. finish5. —?— He did some reading at home. ( 2017 安徽中考) A. What does your father do yesterday evening? B. What does your brother do in the school? C. What did your brother do over the weekend? D. Where did your brother go last Sunday?一般过去时的规则动词规则变形及不规则变形规则变形:情况加法原形例词一般情况加-ed look looked 以e 收尾的词加-d use used末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词先双写这个辅音字母,再加-edstopplanstoppedplanned以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词先变y 为i,再加-ed worrystudyworriedstudied不规则变形:1.中间去e 末尾加t,如:keep →kept,feel →felt,sleep →slept,sweep →swept2.结尾d 变t,如:build →built,lend →lent,send →sent,spend →spent3.遇见i 改为a,如:ring →rang,sit →sat,drink →drank,sing →sang,swim→ swam,4.“骑(马)”“开(车)”“写(字)”把i 变o 如:ride →rode,drive →drove,write →wrote 5.“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”ought 换上,如:think →thought,buy →bought,bring →brought,fight →fought6.“教书”“抓住”——aught 切莫忘,如:teach →taught,carry →caught7.ow/aw 改为ew 是新时尚,如:know →knew,grow →grew,throw →threw,draw →drew 8.“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一个样,如:put → put,let → let,read → read /red/【即学即练】Dear Jim,My school trip 1. (is) great! We 2. (have) so much fun! We 3.(go) to Green Park. We 4. (climb) the mountains there and 5.(see) a lot of flowers. We 6. (eat) lunch under some trees and 7.(play) some games after that. But at about two o’clock, it 8. (get) very cloudy and we 9. _ (worry) it would rain. Luckily, it 10. (do not),and the sun 11. (come) out again!Bill易错点一:难以判别是否用过去式,如:I went to the supermarket and bought (buy) some fruit.由于没有找到时间状语,因而不知道应该填什么。
一般过去时讲解及答案
一般过去时讲解及答案一、巧记一般过去时:动词一般过去时,表示过去发生的事;be用was或用were, have,has变had;谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志;一般动词加-ed,若是特殊得硬记。
否定句很简单,主语之后didn’t添;疑问句也不难,did放在主语前;不含be动词时如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原;动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。
含be动词时疑问句也不难,要把was,were放在主语前。
二、be的一般过去时:学习动词be的一般过去时,下面有一口诀,它可以帮你们更好地掌握动词be的一般过去时。
be的过去时有四巧:一是时间状语巧,表示过去的短语要记牢;二是形式巧,单数was,复数were;三巧是否定句结构,not紧跟was/were;四是疑问句式巧,was/were向前跑(提前)。
【一巧】时间状语(即标志词)巧。
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。
【二巧】形式巧。
它与一般现在时一样,形式多样:当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时,谓语动词用was;主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时,谓语动词用were。
例如: I was in the classroom yesterday morning.昨天早上我在教室里。
He was at school last Tuesday.上周二他在学校。
They were over there a moment ago.刚才他们在那边。
【三巧】否定句结构巧。
与动词be的一般现在时一样,它在动词后面加not即可变成否定句,并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasn't, weren't。
即:主语+ wasn't/ weren't +表语+其他。
例如:I was not (=wasn't) here yesterday.昨天我不在这儿。
My parents were not (=weren't) at home last Sunday.上周日我父母不在家。
小学英语一般过去时专项讲解、练习和参考答案
小学英语一般过去时专项讲解、练习和参考答案一般过去时专项讲解与练习一、概念:一般过去时表示过去某一时候发生的动作或存在的状态。
常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有:yesterday; 昨天 just now 刚刚the day before yesterday;前天……ago ……之前〔例如:三天前three days ago〕Last……上一个… 〔例如:上周星期天last Sunday〕 in 1990 在1990年〔in+过去时间〕二、分类〔一〕be动词的一般过去时:肯定句:主语+be动词的一般过去时〔was/were〕否认句:主语+be动词的一般过去时〔was/were〕+not 一般疑问句:be动词的一般过去时〔was/were〕+主语〔二〕there be 构造的一般过去时与be动词的一般过去时的变化根本一致。
〔三〕一般动词的过去时:肯定句:主语+动词的过去时〔I laughed.〕否认句:主语+did not+动词原形〔I didn’t laugh.〕一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形〔Did you laugh?〕三.巧记chant 动词一般过去时,表示过去发惹事;be用was或用were, have,has变had;谓语动词过去式,过去时间坐标志;一般动词加-ed,假设是特殊得硬记。
否认句很简单,主语之后didn’t添;疑问句也不难,did放在主语前;假如谓语之前有did,谓语动词需复原;动词假设是was,were,否认就把not添。
四、习题练习〔一〕用动词的适当形式填空:1. He ______(work) in that bank four years ago. 2.She ______ (live) in the US last Monday. 3.I ______ (see) him yesterday.4.He _______(e) to school at 6 o’clock this m orning.5. The boy _______(have) a bad cold yesterday. 6.When _______ you _______ (buy) that house? 7. He _______(tell) a story to his daughter yester day. 8. _____ you ____(try) to call me last night? 9.What _______you _______ (buy) in the shop? I ______ (buy) a coat just now. 10.The doctor ______ (get) up late this morning. 11. She ________ (paint) the wall last month. 12. My mother _______ (be) a worker 20 years ago.13. ________(be) you here just now? No, I ________(be not) here. 14.Why _______ your brother _______(cry) last night? 15. It______(be) my mother’s birthday yesterday. 〔二〕翻译以下句子:1.我上周去看爷爷和奶奶了。
完整版)一般过去时讲解及练习
完整版)一般过去时讲解及练习一般过去时是用来描述在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
常见的时间状语有yesterday、an hour ago、the other day、XXX、last night/week/month/year、a moment ago、a week ago、three years ago、just now和in the past等。
例如:“Where did you go just now?”(你刚才去哪了?)。
一般过去时的谓语动词形式为动词的过去式,一般在动词原形后加-ed。
例如:“I was tired last night.”(昨天晚上我很累)和“XXX.”(昨天我们参观了那个博物馆)。
一般过去时的构成有两种方式。
第一种是用was/were+形容词/名词等。
例如:“I was XXX.”(昨天我在家)和“Mr.Green was not a teacher last year.”(去年XXX不是一个老师)。
系动词be的过去式为am/is→was、are→were。
第一人称单数(I)和第三人称单数(he/she/it)用was,第二人称单数(you)和各人称复数(we/you/they)用were。
第二种是用实义动词的过去式+其他成分。
例如:“XXX.”(我妈妈昨天去购物了)和“His uncle worked in Beijing in 2014.”(他叔叔2014年在北京工作)。
一般过去时的句式有三种。
肯定句的形式是主语+was/were+其他或主语+实义动词的过去式+其他。
例如:“XXX.”(上周日我去探望了爷爷)和“I was not at school at this time yesterda y.”(昨天的这个时候我没在学校)。
否定句的形式是主语+did+not+实义动词的原形+其他。
例如:“XXX.”(上周我什么都没买)。
疑问句的形式是Was/Were+主语+其他?例如:“Was she at home yesterday?”(昨天她在家吗?)Did you have a good time last weekend。
【英语】英语一般过去时技巧和方法完整版及练习题及解析
【英语】英语一般过去时技巧和方法完整版及练习题及解析一、初中英语一般过去时1.They don't live here any longer. They _______ to Chengdu last month.A. moveB. movedC. will moveD. are moving【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:他们不再住在这里了。
他们上个月搬到成都了。
last month是一般过去时的时间状语,动词用过去式,故答案选B。
【点评】考查一般过去时态。
2.—Linda is not coming for the party tonight.—But she _.A. promisesB. promisedC. will promiseD. had promised【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——琳达今晚不会来聚会。
——但是她答应了啊。
根据前一句可知“她答应”发生在说话之前,故用一般过去时,因此选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态。
3.Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, _____ _________to donate a lot of money to charity when his daughter was born.A. decidesB. has decidedC. had decidedD. decided【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:当脸书的创始人——马克·扎克伯格的女儿出生的时候,他决定把很多钱捐给慈善事业。
根据when his daughter was born.可知,句子为一般过去时。
故答案是D。
【点评】考查动词时态,注意一般过去时的判定依据。
4.He_____ his English teacher when he was sightseeing in Paris.A. has metB. had metC. metD. would meet【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:他在巴黎观光时遇到了他的英语老师。
一般过去时 过去进行时 被动语态
一般过去时一、一般过去时的根本构成1、be动词的一般现在时形式:was , were2、其他动词用过去式的形式二、一般过去时的根本用法1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如:时间状语有:yesterday,last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday.② We visited the factory last week.2、表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
因此在这类句子中,经常使用always,often,once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。
① When I was a child, I often played football in the street.② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given awarm welcome.那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢送。
**表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。
〔强调现在已经不这样了〕Eg I used to get up early in the morning.3、有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时。
Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。
〔因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。
这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。
实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.〕I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。
〔这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。
但是现在我知道你没病〕4、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。
完整版英语被动语态讲解及练习和参考答案
语态:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态和被动语态。
英语中有两种语态:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如:Many people speak Chinese.谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
例如:Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
注意:只有及物动词才有被动语态。
一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.练习 1 John, you can't go out to play until your homework _______.A. finishesB. has finishedC. is finishedD. was finished思路分析:本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。
作业是由某个人来完成的,因此用被动语态结构is finished,故选择C。
2 We will fly a kite as soon as your homework _______.A. finishesB. will be finishedC. has finishedD. is finished思路分析:本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。
在题干中,your homework作时间状语从句的主语,因此用被动语态结构,在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来,故选择D。
3.—Your classroom is very clean.—Yes, it ______ every day.A. is cleanedB. cleansC. is cleaningD. was cleaned思路分析:本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。
一般过去式讲解、练习及答案
什么是一般过去时?动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。
所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的变化规律1.一般加edwork--workedlook--lookedplay--playedfinish--finishedwant--wantedcall--calledhelp--helped2.以e结尾加dlike--likedchange--changedlove--lovedmove--moved3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加ed .Stop,prefer,plan4.以辅音字母加y 结尾的词,先改y为i,再加edStudy,carry, worry,清辅音后面读t, 如looked,,hoped, stopped,liked浊辅音和无音后面读d, 如moved,changed,used,t,d 后面读id, started, wanted,英语中有5个元音字母a,e,i,o,u,根据这5个字母的发音来判断开音节还是闭音节(指的重读音节)。
1、开音节:开音节又分为绝对开音节和相对开音节。
由一个元音字母结尾的音节为绝对开音节。
例如:no,I,me,my,be等。
以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母(r除外)再加一个不发音的字母e结尾的音节为相对开音节。
例如:name,late,grade,game,rose等。
开音节中的元音字母一般都发字母表中的音。
2、闭音节:闭音节是以一个元音字母加一个或几个辅音字母结尾的音节。
例如:not,thank,ten,am,six等。
重读闭音节就是所谓的元音字母不是发它本身的字母音。
3、重读闭音节三要素:1)必须是重读音节;2)最后只有一个辅音字母;3)元音字母发短元音。
用法1.在过去某一时间内发生的动作:我昨天就把作业做完了。
I finished my homework yesterday.2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often,always等表示频度的间状语连用:去年,我吃完饭后通常会去散散步。
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一般过去式的构成形式:(1)过去某个特定时间发生,也可以表示(2)过去习惯性的动作。
一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去。
(1) He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他没有戒烟的那阵子,抽烟抽得可凶了。
(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,如:yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。
注:“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week,…”等,实际上“与现在对立的过去”,亦即“非现在的以前”,哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”,只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立,就必须使用一般过去时来表达。
在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时。
例如:He was here only a few minutes ago.(仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。
)I came home just now.(我刚回到家。
)I got up very early this morning.(今天早晨我起床很早。
)He was late for school again today.(今天他又迟到了。
)补充内容:1句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响. Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗?(你现在不饿吗?)Yes, I have. 是的,我已经吃过了。
(已经吃饱了,不想再吃了。
)When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的?(关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。
)I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。
Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。
)I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。
I ate it at 6:45。
我在六点四十五分吃了。
2 表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时,这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了。
3 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作常与always,never等连用。
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。
(只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞。
)比较:Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。
(说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太总是带着一把伞。
(表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦)I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。
(不涉及到现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)4 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do(过去常常做,而现在不那样做了)He used to drink.他过去喝酒。
(意味着他现在不喝酒了。
喝酒这个动作终止了)I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。
(意味着现在不在早晨散步了)比较:I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。
(只是说明过去这一动作)5 有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们中国学生往往出错,要特别注意!I didn''t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。
(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。
这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。
实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.)I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。
(这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。
但是现在我知道你没病)辨别正误:Li Ming studied English this morning.(把此句变为一般疑问句)(×)1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning?(动词应该用原形)(×)2. Does Li ming Study English this morning?(时态应该用原句子的时态)(×)3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning?(应该用一般动词,而不是be动词)(动词应变原型)(О)4.Did Li Ming study Enghish this morning?主动:肯定①be 分为was,were ②v+ed否定①was/were not ②didn’t+v疑问①was/were+ 主②did+主+V时间状语:yesterday the day before yesterday ago in 1980 (过去年份)last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,centeury 世纪)this morning/afternoon/evening in the past just now the other day -- a fewdays at the age of 10 (过去年龄段)in the old days,one day, long ago, once upon a tame etc.动词过去式规则变化:1 直接加ed eg:work worked worked2 以不发音的e结尾的,+d eg:live lived lived3 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed eg:study stuied stuied4 以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed eg:stop stopped stopped 不规则变化:例如eg:cut cut ;read read<注:read和read读音不同!> ;sit —sat ;have/has -- had,;eat--ate,;see—saw,am/is—was, go—went, do--did,take-took;ron-ran;lend-lent一般过去时句型结构:1.一般句子I watched TV last night.2.一般疑问句Did you watch TV last night?3.there be 句型There was an apple on the table last night.Was there an apple on the table last night?过去时的一般形态:1.Be 动词的一般过去时态构成:肯定句:主语+was (were) +宾语如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。
)否定句:主语+was (were) +not+宾语如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+宾语如:Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?)肯定回答:Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。
)否定句:No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。
)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的?2.实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does 的过去式did.肯定句为:主语+动词过去式+宾语如:I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.(我昨天九点钟回的家。
)否定句:主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语如:I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。
)疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如:Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗?)肯定回答:Yes, I did. (是的,我回了。
)否定回答:No, I didn't. (不,我没回家。
)3.助动词和情态动词过去式如下:shall―should(将要)用于第一人称单数will―would(将要)用于所有人称can ?could(能,会)may―might(可以)must―must (必须)have to―had to(不得不)助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式,后面的动词还使用原形。
如:I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。
) 例题解析:1.r. Mott is out. But he ______ here a few minutes ago.A. wasB. isC. will beD. would be解析:时分钟前发生的动作,应该用一般过去时。
应选A,2.---Hi, Tom.---Hello, Fancy. I ______ you were here.A.don't knowB.won't thinkC. thinkD. didn't know解析:虽然句中没有明确的时间状语,但是可以通过上下文语境判断出,这句话指的是我这段时间并不知道,你前一阵子在这儿。
所以应选A。
3.He promised to tell me by himself when I ______.A. comeB. would comeC. cameD. had come解析:在时间状语从句中,用一般过去时表示过去将来。
应选C一、单项选择:从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
(10)( )1.My father______ill yesterday.A.isn't B.aren't C.wasn't D.weren't( )2.______your parents at home last week﹖A.Is B.Was C.Are D.Were( )3.The twins______in Dalian last year.They______here now.A.are; were B.were; are C.was; are D.were; was ( )4.______your father at work the day_____yesterday(前天)﹖A.Was; before B.Is; before C.Was; after D.Is; after ( )5.—Who was on duty last Friday﹖—______.A.I am B.I was C.Yes, I was D.No, I wasn't ( )6. I cleaned my classroom ___________.A with three hoursB three hours agoC in three hoursD three hours before( ) 7. I came _______ my house two days ago .A back onB back toC to backD back( ) 8 . ___________? He did some reading at home.A What does your father do yesterday eveningB What does your brother do in the schoolC What did your brother do over the weekendD Where did your brother go last Sunday( ) 9. What did you do ________ ? I went to the movies.A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D nextMonday( ) 10. The koala sleeps _______,but gets up _________.A during the day; at the eveningB at day ;during nightC in the day ;during the eveningD during the day ; atnight二、请用正确动词形式填空。