计算机专业英语复习题
计算机专业英语_考试题目
----------------------------精品word 文档 值得下载 值得拥有---------------------------------------------- 一、词汇(一)Translate the following words or expressions into Chinese.1．Central Processing Unit 中央处理单元2．relational database 关系数据库 3．software crisis 软件危机 4．feasibility analysis 可行性分析5．electronic commerce 电子商务6．reference element 参考元素9．object-oriented language 面向对象的语言13．assembly language 汇编语言14．standardize 使标准化17．embedded system 嵌入式系统----------------------------精品word 文档 值得下载 值得拥有----------------------------------------------20．gray scale 灰度 (二) Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations. (根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
)1．随机存储器 RAM2．广域网 WAN3．超文本标记语言 HTML4．文件传输协议 FTP5．液晶显示器 LCD6．结构化查询语言SQL7．磁盘操作系统 DOS8．电子公告板系统 BBS(三) Translate the following English abbreviations into Chinese. (根据英语缩写写出相应的中文意思。
)1．USB 通用串行总线 3．AI 人工智能4．HDD 硬盘驱动器5．DNS 域名服务器6．IE 网页浏览器8．PPP 点对点通信协议 9．SMTP 简单邮件传输协议10．WWW 万维网二、 匹配1、portability J A 、半兼容的2、ROM D B 、客户服务器模式3、carrier signal G C 、数据库管理信息系统4、protocol F D 、只读存储器5、CSS H E 、综合业务数字网6、proxy server N F 、协议7、computer aided design S G 、载波信号8、semi-compatible A H 、层次式样表9、SCSI O I、性能影响10、URL（uniform resource locator） M J、可移植性11、performance hit I K、超文本传输协议12、CP/M R L、局域网13、ISP T M、统一资源定位器14、CLI(Command Language Interpreter)Q N、代理服务器15、hypertext document P O、小型计算机系统接口16、LAN L P、超文本文档17、database management system C Q、命令语言解释程序18、HTTP K R、微机控制程序19、ISDN E S、计算机辅助设计20、client server B T、网络服务提供者三、英文解释（此题仅供参考）In this section, there are 15 sentences which are the English words explanation. You are required to read it carefully, then choose the proper word corresponding with the explanation。
计算机专业英语复习题完整版
计算机专业英语复习题标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]1.home page 主页2.graphical user interface (GUI) 图形用户界面3.artificial intelligence 人工智能4.carbon copy 打字副本5.field 字段6.software suite 软件套装7.desktop operating system 桌面操作系统ser printer 激光打印机9.machine language 机器语言10.relational database 关系数据库11.menu bar 菜单栏12.secondary storage 辅助存储器；二级存储器13.system software 系统软件二、1.内存 memory2.输入设备 input device3.扬声器 speaker4.局域网 local-area network5.传输控制协议 transmission control protocol6.集成电路 integrated circuits7.上下文敏感 context sensitive8.微处理器 microprocessor9.只读存储器 Read-only memory10.触摸屏 touch screen11.像素 pixel12.多媒体 multimedia13.自动换行 word wrap三_________.A、peopleB、OSC、keyboardsD、proceduresE、software( abc ) 2、For microcomputer, there are three basic system units:____________ .A、Desktop system unitsB、Notebook system unitsC、Personal digital assistant system unitsD、Arithmetic-logic units( a ) 3、Language translators convert programming statementsinto__________.A、machine languagesB、UNIXC、service programsD、operating systems( b ) 4、The ____________is a list of commands or options from which you can choose.A、iconB、menuC、windowD、pointer( a ) 5、Database management systems are comprised of tables that are made of rows called __________ and columns called __________ .A、fields, recordsB、ranges, sheetsC、records, fieldsD、records, ranges( abcd )6、The four main computer operations are _________.A、inputB、processingC、outputD、storageE、compile( c ) 7、RAM is a kind of____________ memory.A、permanentB、smartC、temporaryD、flashE、expansion（ acd ）8、Which are the types of non-impact printer: ____________ .A、 thermal printerB、dot matrix printerC、laser printerD、ink-jet printerE、all of above（ a ）9、What is an extension of a driver in Windows environmentsA、.drvB、.txtC、D、.sysE、.win( c ) 10、The following answers ____________ is the system software.A、PHOTOSHOPB、EXCELC、Windows NTD、POWERPOINT ( bde ) 11、In monitors, the three primary colors are__________ .A、yellowB、redC、whiteD、greenE、blue( ab ) 12、Typically, the first page of a Web site is referred to as its__________ .A、home pageB、web pageC、HTMLD、URLE、site( ) 13、The new addressing system IPV6 defines an IP address as a ______________number. A、16-bit B、32-bit C、64-bitD、128-bit四、（一）Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use themon trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the1500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a＄10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. Thestudents with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, theywill be able to use e-mail to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates,and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program isthat students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs.They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops becomemore powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but alsolibraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studyinghow laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptopprograms at other universities, too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percentof the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.”笔记本电脑在世界各地流行。
计算机专业英语期末复习题及参考答案
一单选题 (共10题，总分值30分 )1. hacker （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙2. functional testing （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙3. relational database （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙4. firewall （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙5. software testing （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙6. audi （3 分）B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙7. application software （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙8. machine language （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库J. 防火墙9. memory （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙10. structured programming （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙二填空题 (共1题，总分值5分 )11. Microsoft Word XP is the current Window versionof Word, and documents created in Word XP can beeasily _________________________________Excel, Power Point and Access files. In the interface of Word, the_________________________________displays the name of the current application and name of the current document;the_________________________________lists the names of the menus available;the_________________________________gives the user quick access to frequently used editingfunctions; the_________________________________enables theuser to change left and right margin.toolbarrulertitle barmenu barincorporate into （5 分）三翻译题 (共10题，总分值50分 )12. hard disk （5 分）13. 集成开发环境（5 分）14. 通用串行总线（5 分）15. network security （5 分）16. software maintenance （5 分）17. electronic commerce （5 分）18. 广域网（5 分）19. 结构化查询语言（5 分）20. management information system （5 分）21. 面向对象编程（5 分）四阅读理解 (共1题，总分值15分 )22. The Internet, then known as ARPANET, wasbrought online in 1969, which initiallyconnected four major computers at universitiesin the southwestern US . The early Internet wasused by computer experts , engineers, scientists, and librarians. There was nothing friendly about it. There were no home or office personalcomputers in those days, and anyone who used it, whether a computer professional or an engineeror scientist or librarian, had to learn to use a very complex system.The Internet matured in the 1970's as a result of the TCP/IP architecture. As the commands for E-mail, FTP , and telnet were standardized, it became a lot easier for non-technical people to learn to use the nets. It was not easy by today' s standards by any means, but it did open up use of the Internet to many more people in universities in particular. Other departments besides the libraries, computer, physics, and engineering departments found ways to make good use of the nets -- to communicate with colleagues around the world and to share files and resources.In 1991, the first really friendly interface to the Internet was developed at the University of Minnesota. The University wanted to develop a simple menu system to access files and information on campus through their local network.Since the Internet was initially funded by the government, it was originally limited to research, education, and government uses. Commercial uses were prohibited unless they directly served the goals of research and education. This policy continued until the early 1990's, when independent commercial networks began to grow.(四) Choose the best answer according to Passage C.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。
计算机专业英语期末复习题(精选)
计算机专业英语期末复习题I. Decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F)1. Few makers have incorporated a USB hub into their products.2. The Internet began to boom in 1990.3. Encryption means adding a password to the access of a computer.4. The aim of compression formats is to reduce file size.5. WWW provides access to a variety of internet resources fromdifferent interfaces.6. All commercial operating systems can be modified by everyone.7. HTML is a language used to write documents for the8. Computers have greatly reduced the amount of paper in offices.9. Other electronic devices like TV can also trol your PC.10. Everyone can make suggestions to improve the Linux operatingsystem.11. You could edit a video like a document file with cutting and pastingon cheap editing computers five years ago.12. By the hyperlink, the user is nected to the document specified bythe link.参考答案：1 F2 F3 T4 T 5F6 F7 T8 T9 T 10T11 F 12 TII. Give the Corresponding Translation.1. recovery2. server3. ROM4. machine language5. operating system6. interface7. software 8. RAM9. process 10. network11. memory 12. USB13. database 14. debug15. cache 16. CPU1. 多媒体2. 音频3. 键盘4. 激活5. 内存6. 浏览器7. 服务器 8. 输出9. 黑客 10. 病毒11. 显示器 12. 对象参考答案：1. 恢复2. 服务器3. 只读存储器（只读内存）4. 机器语言5. 操作系统6. 接口、界面7. 软件8. 随机存取存储器9. 过程10. 络11. 内存12. 通用串行总线13. 数据库 14. 调试15. 高速缓冲存储器16. 中央处理器1. multimedia2. audio3. keyboard4. activate5. memory6. browser7. server 8. output9. hacker 10. virus11. monitor 12. objectIII. T ranslate the Following Sentences into Chinese 12%1.Microsoft’s Windows 2000 is a powerful yet flexible operating systemdesigned for large applications in networked environments.2.A computer virus is a computer program that is created to make andspread copies of itself.3.Spreadsheet applications are computer programs that let you createand manipulate spreadsheets.4.An optical mouse doesn’t have a ball on the bottom and can usually beused without a mouse pad.5.A small network may only nect two computers inside a home to sharea single printer and Internet nection.6.The older DOS operating systems and some versions of Unix andLinux use a command interface, though graphical versions of Unix and Linux are now available.参考答案：1.windows 2000是一种为络环境下大型程序而设计的强大而灵活的操作系统。
计算机专业英语复习题
1.h omepage主页2.g raphicaluserinterface(GUI)图形用户界面3.a rtificialintelligence人工智能4.c arboncopy打字副本5.f ield字段6.s oftwaresuite软件套装7.d esktopoperatingsystem桌面操作系统8.l aserprinter激光打印机9.m achinelanguage机器语言10.relationaldatabase关系数据库11.menubar菜单栏12.secondarystorage辅助存储器；二级存储器13.systemsoftware系统软件二、1.内存memory2.输入设备inputdevice3.扬声器speaker4.局域网local-areanetwork5.传输控制协议transmissioncontrolprotocol6.集成电路integratedcircuits7.上下文敏感contextsensitive8.微处理器microprocessor9.只读存储器Read-onlymemory10.触摸屏touchscreen11.像素pixel12.多媒体multimedia13.自动换行wordwrap三四、(ade)1、Aninformationsystemhasfiveparts:hardw are,data,_________.A、peopleB、OSC、keyboardsD、proceduresE、software(abc)2、Formicrocomputer,therearethreebasicsy stemunits:____________.A、DesktopsystemunitsB、NotebooksystemunitsC、PersonaldigitalassistantsystemunitsD、Arithmetic-logicunits(a)3、Languagetranslatorsconvertprogramming statementsinto__________.A、machinelanguagesB、UNIXC、serviceprogramsD、operatingsystems (b)4、The____________isalistofcommandsoropt ionsfromwhichyoucanchoose.A、iconB、menuC、windowD、pointer (a)5、Databasemanagementsystemsarecomprisedoftablesthataremadeofrowscalled__________andcolumnscalled__________.A、fields,recordsB、ranges,sheetsC、records,fieldsD、records,ranges(abcd)6、Thefourmaincomputeroperationsare_____ ____.A、inputB、processingC、outputD、storageE、compile(c)7、RAMisakindof____________memory.A、permanentB、smartC、temporaryD、flashE、expansion （acd）8、Whicharethetypesofnon-impactprinter:_ ___________.A、thermalprinterB、dotmatrixprinterC、laserprinterD、ink-jetprinterE、allofabove（a）9、WhatisanextensionofadriverinWindowsenvironmentsA、.drvB、.txtC、.comD、.sysE、.win (c)10、Thefollowinganswers____________isthes ystemsoftware.A、PHOTOSHOPB、EXCELC、WindowsNTD、POWERPOINT(bde)11、Inmonitors,thethreeprimarycolorsare__________.A、yellowB、redC、whiteD、greenE、blue(ab)12、Typically,thefirstpageofaWebsiteisref erredtoasits__________.A、homepageB、webpageC、HTMLD、URLE、site()13、ThenewaddressingsystemIPV6definesanIPaddressasa______________number.A、16-bitB、32-bitC、64-bitD、128-bit四、（一）Laptopcomputersarepopularalloverthewo rld.Peopleusethemontrainsandairplanes ,inairportsandhotels.Theselaptopsconn ectpeople.WestlakeCollegeinVirginiawi llstartalaptopcomputerprogramthatallo wsstudentstodoschoolworkanywheretheyw ant.Withinfiveyears,eachofthe1500stud entsatthecollegewillreceivealaptop.Th elaptopsarepartofa＄10millioncomputerprogramatWestlake, a110-year-oldcollege.Thestudentswithl aptopswillalsohaveaccesstotheInternet .Inaddition,theywillbeabletousee-mail to“speak”withtheirteachers,theirclassmates,andtheirfamilies.However,them ostimportantpartofthelaptopprogramist hatstudentswillbeabletousecomputerswi thoutgoingtocomputerlabs.Theycanworkw ithitathome,inafast-foodrestaurantoru nderthetrees-anywhereatall!Becauseofthemanychangesincomputerte chnology,laptopuseinhighereducation,s uchascollegesanduniversities,isworkab le.Aslaptopsbecomemorepowerful,theybe comemoresimilartodesktopcomputers.Ina ddition,theportablecomputerscanconnec tstudentstonotonlytheInternet,butalso librariesandotherresources.Statehighe r-educationofficialsarestudyinghowlap topscanhelpstudents.Stateofficialsare alsotestinglaptopprogramsatotherunive rsities,too.AtWestlakeCollege,morethan60percentofthestaffus ecomputers.Thelaptopswillallowallteac herstousecomputersintheirlessons.AsoneWestlaketeachersaid,“Hereweareinthe middleofVirginiaandwe’regivingst uden tsawindowontheworld.Theycanseeeveryth inganddoeverything.”笔记本电脑在世界各地流行。
计算机专业英语复习题
一、判断对错1. The software system is the physical equipment that you can see and touch.2. Typically, a data value is set to zero to represent FALSE and 1 value for TRUE.3. In the earliest general-purpose computer, most input and output media were magnetic disks.4. Supercomputers are largest, fastest, and most expensive computer available.5. A computer system consists of hardware system and software system.1. The data bus always receives data from the CPU, and the CPU never reads the data bus.2. Main memory holds whatever programs and data are available for immediate use by theCPU.3. Dynamic RAM does not have to be refreshed.4.Dot-matrix printer work by squirting tiny droplets of liquid ink at the paper.5. The auxiliary memory is very small, relatively expensive, and has very high access speed.1. Shift registers operate in serial fashion all the bits of the word at a time.2. RISC processors have larger instruction sets that often include some particularly complexinstructions.3. SIMD represents an organization that includes many processing units under the supervisionof a common control unit.4. Parallel processing is established by distributing the data among the multiple functional units.5. RISC is a complex instruction set computer.1. A number of different algorithms can exist for solving a computational problem, and each ofthese algorithms could have a same running time complexity.2. The divide-and-conquer algorithm is a bottom-up technique that usually begins by solvingthe smallest subproblems, the dynamic programming solves problems in a top-down fashion.3. An important property of arrays is that their size and shape are constant.4. If all of the elements stored in a list are of the same type, then the list is said to beheterogeneous. However, if different types of elements are stored in the list, then the list is said to be homogeneous.5. A queue is a dynamic set that obeys the LIFO property.1. The computer hardware recognizes only assembly language instruction.2. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessor can run on a computerthat has a different microprocessor.3. Assembly languages are platform-independent, but high-level languages are notplatform-independent.4. The 4GLs are also called nonprocedural languages.5. Each assembly language instruction corresponds to one unique machine code instruction.二、完形填空Unit 1This chapter introduces digital computer, data types, the evolution of computers, and types of computers. 1 is known to all, it’s hard to find a field in 2 computers are not being used. Digital computer, also called electronic computer or computer, is a digital system that 3 various computational tasks. Digital computers use the 4 number system, which has two digits: 0 and 1.By using various coding 5 , groups of bits can be made to represent not only binary numbers 6 other discrete symbols, such as decimal digits or letters of the alphabet. A computer system consists of hardware system and software system. Programs tell the hardware what to do. 7 software is designed to accomplish real-world tasks in fields such as accounting, entertainment, and engineering. Computers are usually 8 into four broad categories: microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. It’s hard to give a 9 definition to each type because computer speeds and storage 10 change rapidly.1. A. As B. It C. As it D. That2. A. what B. which C. where D. when3. A. performs B. carries C. makes D. integrates4. A. decimal B. binary C. Arabian D. American5. A. technique B. technologyC. techniquesD. technologies6. A. instead of B. rather thanC. but alsoD. as well7. A. Application B. System C. Word D. Excel8. A. put B. made C. conducted D. classified9. A. precious B. progress C. proceeding D. precise10. A. capacities B. capable C. capabilities D. capacity1.A2. B3. A4. B5. C6. C7. A8. D9. D 10.AUnit 2A computer system 1 of hardware system and software system. The hardware of the computer is usually divided into three major parts or three 2 subsystems: the CPU, the memory subsystem, and the I/O 3 . The CPU is made up of three major parts, Register Set, the 4 logic unit, or ALU, and Control Unit. It performs many operations and controls computer. Memory is also known as 5 memory or main memory, which is cataloged into two major types of memory: Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM).It refers to the 6 in the computer that hold whatever programs and data are available 7 immediate use by the CPU, along with the program’s data. Computer systems include special hardware 8 between the CPU and peripherals to supervise and synchronize allinput and output transfers. These components are called 9 units because they interface between the processor bus and the peripheral device. The I/O subsystem allows the CPU to 10 with input and output devices.1. A. consists B. makes upC. constitutesD. comprise2. A. premier B. primaryC. preliminaryD. elementary3. A. system B. machine C. subsystem D. device4. A. mathematic B. authorativeC. arithmeticD. authoritative5. A.external B.exterior C. Interior D. internal6. A. circuits B. wires C. lines D. hardware7. A.by B. for C. with D. in8. A.software B. setting C. listing D. components9. A. singular B.dual C. interface D. compact10. A.handle B. interact C. respond D. link1. A2. B3. C4. C5. D6. A7. B8. D9. C 10. BUnit 3In computer engineering, computer architecture is the ___1___ design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system. It is a ___2___ and functional description of requirements, especially speeds and interconnections, and design implementations for the various parts of a computer —___3___ largely on the way by which the central processing unit (CPU) performs internally and accesses addresses in memory. Computer system architecture ___4___ the design of the four ___5___: parallel processing, pipelining, vector processing and RISC. Parallel processing system is used to provide simultaneous data-processing tasks for the purpose of increasing the ___6__ speed of a computer systemand is able to perform ___7___ data processing to achieve faster execution time. A pipeline is a set of data processing elements connected in series, so that the output of one element is the input of the next one. The elements of a pipeline are often ___8___ in parallel or in time-sliced fashion. A vector processor, is a CPU design that is able to run mathematical operations on multiple data elements simultaneously. Computers with vector processing capabilities are in demand in 9___ applications. RISC processors have fewer and __10___ instructions than CISC processors. As a result, their control units are less complex and easier to design.1. A. lastest B. conceptual C. ideal D. simple2. A. plan B. design C. blueprint D. concept3. A. relying B. depending C. attaching D. focusing4. A. refers B. speaks C. involves D. interacts5. A. ingredients B. types C. kinds D. lists6. A. computational B. computerC. computationD. computing7. A. current B. compoundC. concurrentD. massive8. A. displayed B. carriedC. accomplishedD. executed9. A. special B. specialized C. specific D. especial10. A. simple B. simplifying C. singular D. simpler1. B2. C3. D4. C5. A6. A7. C8. D9. B 10.D Unit 4Algorithms are essential to the way computers process information, because a computer program is 1 an algorithm that tells the computer what specific 2 to perform in certain order in order to carry out a speci fied task, such as calculating employees’ paychecks or printing students’ report cards. Thus, an algorithm can be considered to be 3 sequence of operations that can be performed by a turning-complete system. In fact, a data structure is a way of 4 data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently. Often a carefully 5 data structure will allow the 6 efficient algorithm to be used. The choice of the data structure often begins from the choice of an 7 data type.A well-designed data structure allows a variety of critical operations to be performed, using as few resources, both execution time and memory space, as possible. Data structures are implemented by a 8 language as data types and the references and operations they provide. Moreover, different kinds of data structures are 9 to different kinds of applications, and some are highly specialized to certain tasks. For example, B-trees are particularly well-suited for implementation of databases, 10 networks of machines rely on routing tables to function.1. A. essentially B. essential C. partially D. mainly2. A. methods B. steps C. plans D. exercises3. A. some B. a C. the D. any4. A. receiving B. storing C. input D. output5. A. chosen B. madeC. programmedD. picked6. A. very B. most C. more D. less7. A. abstract B.concrete C. special D. certain8. A. basic B. runningC. programmingD. advanced9. A. comforted B. suited C. compared D. hooked10. A. therefore B. with C. when D. while1. A2. B3. D4. B5. A6. B7. A8. C9. B 10. DUnit 5A total computer system includes both hardware system and software system. Hardware consists of the 1 components and all associated equipment. Software refers to the programs that are 2 for the computer. It is possible to be familiar with various3 of computer software without being concerned with details of how the computer hardware operates.A programming language is a language used to write computer programs, which involve a computer 4 some kind of computation or algorithm and possibly control over 5 devices such as printers, robots, and so on. Programming languages differ from 6 languages in that natural languages are only used for interaction between people, while programming languages also allow humans to communicate 7 to machines. Some programming languages are used by one device 8 control another. A prominent 9 of programming languages is to provide instructions to a computer. Thousands of different programming languages have been 10 , and new languages are created every year.1. A. mental B. possible C.essential D. physical2. A. design B. spoken C. writtenD. made3. A. parts B. kinds C.types D. aspects4. A.performed B. to performC. performingD. performs5. A.intenal B. external C. inside D. outside6. A. natural B. Human C. computer D. artificial7. A.orders B. instructions C. codes D. calls8. A. to B. for C. with D. over9. A. show B. research C. purpose D. study10. A. creatingB. created C. to create D. creation1. D2. C3. D4. C5. B6. A7. B8. A9. C 10. B三、汉译英1.coding techniques 编码技术2. application software 应用软件3. floating point data 浮点数据4.timesharing分时，分时技术5. storage capacities 存储容量1. system buses 系统总线2. virtual memory 虚拟存储器3. computer architecture 计算机体系结构4. instruction set 指令集5. direct memory access 直接存储器存取1.parallel processing 并行处理2. pipeline processing流水线处理3. vector processing 向量处理4. scalar processor标量处理器5. backward compatibility 向下兼容1. parallel algorithm并行算法2. exhaustive search穷举搜索3. dynamic programming 动态规划4. doubly-linked list 双向链表5. two-dimensional array 二维数组1. derived class派生类2. Inheritance 继承3. markup languages 标记语言4. Hyperlinks 超链接5. Java virtual machine Java虚拟机四、翻译句子1. By using various coding techniques, groups of bits can be made to represent not only binary numbers but also other discrete symbols.2. System software includes not only the complex programs used by technicians to create application software in the first place but also the organizational programs needed to start up the computer and govern its use of other programs.3. Data are numbers and other binary-code information that are operated on to achieve required computational results.4. Rather than arithmetically or logically manipulating characters, a computer may concatenate strings of characters, replace some characters with others, or otherwise manipulate character strings.5. Software applications like word processing, electronic spreadsheets, database management programs, painting and drawing programs, desktop publishing, and so forth became commercially available, giving more people reasons to use a computer.1. By asserting these internal and external control signals in the proper sequence, the control unit causes the CPU and the rest of the computer to perform the operation needed to correctly process instructions.2. In a computer with virtual memory, less-used parts of programs are shifted from RAM to a hard disk and are moved back only when needed.3. A technique used to compensate for the mismatch in operating speeds is to employ an extremely fast, small cache between the CPU and main memory whose access time is close to processor logic clock cycle time.4. The data transfer rate of peripherals is usually slower than the transfer rate of the CPU, and consequently, a synchronization mechanism may be needed.5. In some computers the interrupt vector is an address that points to a location in memory where the beginning address of the I/O service routine is stored.1. The purpose of parallel processing is to speed up the computer processing capability and increase its throughput, that is, the amount of processing that can be accomplished during a given interval of time.2. It is characteristic of pipelines that several computations can be in process in distinct segments at the same time.3. To achieve the required level of high performance it is necessary to utilize the fastest and most reliable hardware and apply innovative procedures from vector and parallel processing techniques.4. In general, the greater the number of instructions in an instruction set, the larger the propagation delay is within the CPU.5. Although CISC processors are more complex, this complexity does not necessarily increase development costs.1. In short, communication problems arise when the language used for an algorithm's representation is not precisely defined or when information is not given in adequate detail.2. Another common algorithmic structure involves that the need to continue executing a statement or sequence of statements as long as some condition remains true.3. In many algorithms, running time will vary not only for inputs of different sizes, but also for different inputs of the same size.4. Thus, dynamic programming is a bottom-up technique that usually begins by solving the smallest subproblems, saving these results, and then reusing them to solve larger and larger subproblems until the solution to the original problem is obtained.5. The conversion from this conceptual one-dimensional array organization to the actual arrangement within the machine’s memory is straight forward and the data can be stored in a seguence of 24 memory cells with consecutive address in the same order envisioned by the programma.1. Documentation is needed for everyone who will be involved with the program——users, operators, and programmers.2. Rather, programs written in a high-level language or assembly language are converted to machine language, which is then executed by the computer.3. The corresponding programs set forth precise procedures, or series of instructions, and the programmer has to follow a proper order of actions to solve a problem.4. 4GLs may not entirely replace third-generation languages because they are usually focused on specific tasks and hence offer fewer options.5. Inheritance is the means by which objects of a class can access member variables and functions contained in a previously defined class, without having to restate those defi nitions.。
计算机专业英语复习题含答案详细解释.doc
计算机专业英语复习题注:本答案解释及翻译属本人分析,如有错误,敬请谅解!I.Choose the best answer/.选择最佳答案。
1. When you run your computer, A will be firststarted.A. Operation systemB. systemsoftwareC. office softwareD. driven software译:当你运行你的电脑时,XX是首先被启动。
3是操作系统,B是系统软件，C是办公软件，D是驱动软件（指第三方驱动软件）;因为操作系统包括开机自检的驱动软件,而不是第三方驱动。
所以选A2.Post is the short form for AA. power on self-testB. post office system testC. power on system-testD. personal operating system text 译:post 的缩写。
The short from for某某的缩写形式。
A是开机自检B是办公系统测试C 是开机系统自检D是个人操作系统文本。
约定俗成的简写形式是A。
3.One of the benefits of video conferencing is low costs.A.specially equipped conference roomsB. saving travel timeC. low costsD.linking of local sites 译:视频协商（视频会议）的好处之一是__。
Benefit 好处,益处conference协商,讨论,商谈A是特别的协商会议室B是减少旅游时间C是低花费D是连接本地地址4.The menu bar of word 2003 has C menus orders.A. sevenB. eightC. nineD. ten Word 2003的菜单栏中有9个菜单命令。
(完整word版)计算机专业英语试题
计算机专业英语试题I．V ocabulary(词汇)(30分)(一)Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese．(写出下列词组的汉语。
共10分，每题1分)1．Operating system____________2．white bOx testing__________3．hard disk_________4．management information system_______________5．electronic commerce___________________6．relational database__________________7．software engineering___________________8．software maintenance__________________9．menu bar______________10. network security___________________(二)Fill in the blank swith the corresponding English abbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
共10分，每题1分)1．只读存储器__________ 2．广域网___________3．传输控制协议___________ 4，文件传送[输]协议__________5．通用串行总线__________ 6.面向对象编程____________7．集成开发环境___________ 8．结构化查询语言___________9．数据库管理系统___________ 10．开放系统互连______(三)Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column．(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
计算机专业英语 复习题
I. 句子改错（20%）（注：卷面20个小题，每题一分。
以下20个小题是复习范围）1. I believe therefore that fraternities are good influences on a college campus.2. Diehard is the most excited movie I've ever seen.3. Carlos is the only one of those students who have lived up to the potentia ldescribed in the yearbook.4. Mr. and Mrs. Kwon my parents’ best friends sat in front of us at the football game.5. Anne enjoyed her high school reunion, she hadn't seen her old friends in over ten years.6. Mary likes hiking, swimming, and to ride a bicycle.7. The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and to do some warm-up exercises before the game.8. I’m going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because he is a dramatist I like.9. Chris did not see how he could organize write and proofread this paper in only two hours.10. The dictionary can be used for these purposes: to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and looking up irregular verbs.11. Mr. Nguyen has sent his four children to ivy-league colleges, however, he has sacrificed his health working day and night in that dusty bakery.12. He is both a good pitcher and a good hitter for the baseball team.13. As he read the Chekhov story he became aware of the Russian's genius.14. She was as a matter of fact mainly interested in showing off her vocabulary.15. Before reaching the summit the climbers were forced by a storm to turn back.16. "When" Jaime asked "will you return my book?"17. Vasu not only broke Indian traditions, but also was destroying Nataraj's life.18. This next chapter has a lot of difficult information in it, you should start studying right away.19. Come to class prepared to take notes and with some questions to ask.20. Mark Twain was a gifted humorist and a popular folk hero, furthermore, his major contribution to American fiction was Huckleberry Finn.上述20题订正(revised)如下：1. I believe, therefore, that fraternities are good influences on a college campus.2. Diehard is the most exciting movie I've ever seen.3. Carlos is the only one of those students who has lived up to the potential describedin the yearbook.4. Mr. and Mrs. Kwon, my parents’ best friends, sat in front of us at the football game.5. Anne enjoyed her high school reunion. She hadn't seen her old friends in over ten years.6. Mary likes hiking, swimming, and riding a bicycle.7. The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and that they should do some warm-up exercises before the game.8. I’m going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because the speaker is a dramatist I like.9. Chris did not see how he could organize, write, and proofread this paper in only two hours.10. The dictionary can be used for these purposes: to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and irregular verbs.11. Mr. Nguyen has sent his four children to ivy-league colleges; however, he has sacrificed his health working day and night in that dusty bakery.12. He is both a good pitcher and good hitter for the baseball team.13. As he read the Chekhov story, he became aware of the Russian's genius.14. She was as a matter of fact, mainly interested in showing off her vocabulary.15. Before reaching the summit, the climbers were forced by a storm to turn back.16. "When," Jaime asked, "will you return my book?"17. Vasu not only broke Indian traditions but also was destroying Nataraj's life.18. This next chapter has a lot of difficult information in it. You should start studying right away.19. Come to class prepared to take notes and to ask some questions.20. Mark Twain was a gifted humorist and a popular folk hero. Furthermore, his major contribution to American fiction was Huckleberry Finn.21. We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman. Revised: We thought she was a charming, intelligent and very capable young woman.(or: We thought she was charming, intelligent and capable.)22. Because he said nothing does not mean that he agreed to your proposals. Revised: That he said nothing does not mean that he agreed to your proposals.23. I’m going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because he is a dramatist I like.Revised: I’m going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because the speaker is a dramatist I like.24. Looking out of the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach. Revised: Outside the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.(Or: Looking out of the window, he (she, I) see(s) the grassland stretch as faras the eye can reach.)25. To get ready for the trip, all the things she needed were put into a suitcase. Revised: To get ready for the trip, she put all the things she needed into a suitcase. 26. An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, you should not plagiarize.Revised: An important thing for the students to remember is that when writing a paper they should not plagiarize.27. It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.Revised: It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields.28. Looking from the moon, the earth is round.Revised: Looked from the moon, the earth is round.29. Either you will begin to study now or risk failing the exam.Revised: Y ou will either begin to study now or risk failing the exam.30. A man is judged not only by what he says but also what he does.Revised: A man is judged not only by what he says but also by what he does.(Or: A man is judged not only by his words but also by his deeds.)31. He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious.Revised: He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not seriously hurt.32. She bought several picture books for her children and put them into her bag. Revised: She put into her bag the picture books she had bought for her children.33. He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed. Revised: He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting. 34. She reviewed the lesson taught last week and all the exercises assigned by the teacher were done.Revised: She reviewed the lesson taught last week and did all the exercises assigned by the teacher.35. This machine was jointly designed by the old engineer in collaboration with some of his younger colleagues.Revised: This machine was jointly designed by the old engineer and some of his younger colleagues.36. We have great faith and high hopes for her.Revised: We have great faith in and high hopes for her.37. Students should learn to analyze and solve problems independently. Don’t rel y on your teachers’ help.Revised: Students should learn to analyze and solve problems independently. They should not rely on their teachers’ help.38. The idea he mentioned sounded good at first.Revised: The idea he first mentioned sounded good.(Or: The idea he mentioned sounded good at first.)39. Bill not only helped me with my homework, but he walked my dog while I was on vacation in Ireland.Revised: Bill not only helped me with my homework, but also walked my dog while I was on vacation in Ireland.40. We have no doubt about her care and interest in the proposal.Revised: We have no doubt about her care for and interest in the proposal.II. 给下列自然段添加上恰当的主题句（topic sentence）（15%）3段话(此处不给复习范围，可以参看课件中关于paragraph的部分)III. 段落写作（35%）150字左右复习范围：1. The Person I admire most2.An unforgettable experience3.The Importance of HealthIV. 根据所给提示写一封求职信。
计算机专业英语考试试题及答案
计算机专业英语考试试题及答案一、选择题1. Which of the following is NOT a programming language?A. JavaB. PythonC. HTMLD. CSS2. What does the acronym "SQL" stand for?A. Structured Query LanguageB. Simple Query LanguageC. Script Query LanguageD. Secure Query Language3. Which protocol is commonly used for sending and receiving emails?A. FTPB. HTTPC. SMTPD. TCP4. What does the term "CPU" refer to?A. Central Processing UnitB. Computer Processing UnitC. Central Program UnitD. Computer Program Unit5. Which of the following is NOT a type of network topology?A. StarB. RingC. MeshD. Scroll二、填空题1. HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, which is used for ____________.2. The process of converting source code into machine code is called ____________.3. IP address stands for ____________.4. The act of copying files from a remote server to a local computer is known as ____________.5. The programming language developed by Apple Inc. for iOS and macOS is ____________.三、简答题1. What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter? Provide examples of programming languages that use each of these methods.2. Explain the concept of object-oriented programming (OOP) and provide an example of a programming language that utilizes this paradigm.3. Describe the client-server model and provide an example of a commonly used protocol within this model.四、论述题Discuss the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on various industries. Provide examples of how AI is being used in fields such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. Analyze the potential benefits and challenges of implementing AI in these industries.答案：一、选择题1. C. HTML2. A. Structured Query Language3. C. SMTP4. A. Central Processing Unit5. D. Scroll二、填空题1. creating and structuring the content of a webpage2. compilation3. Internet Protocol4. downloading5. Swift三、简答题1. A compiler translates the entire source code into machine code before the program is executed. Examples of languages that use compilers are C, C++, and Java. On the other hand, an interpreter translates and executes the source code line by line. Python and Ruby are examples of languages that use interpreters.2. Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that organizes data and functions into reusable objects. It focuses on the concept of classes and objects, allowing for code reuse and encapsulation. An example of a programming language that uses OOP is Java, where objects are instances of classes and can interact with each other through methods and attributes.3. The client-server model is a distributed computing architecture wherea server provides services or resources to multiple clients. The clients request and receive these resources through the network. An example of a commonly used protocol within this model is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is used for communication between web browsers (clients) and web servers.四、论述题Artificial intelligence (AI) has had a significant impact on various industries. In healthcare, AI is being used for diagnoses and treatments, analyzing medical images, and personalized medicine. For example, AI-powered algorithms can help detect diseases like cancer at an early stage, leading to better treatment outcomes. In finance, AI is utilized for fraud detection, algorithmic trading, and customer service. AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of financial data to identify patterns and make accurate predictions. In transportation, AI is being employed for autonomous vehicles, traffic management, and logistics optimization. Self-driving cars, for instance, use AI algorithms to navigate and make decisions on the road.The implementation of AI in these industries brings about many benefits, such as increased efficiency, improved accuracy, and cost savings. AI systems can process and analyze vast amounts of data much faster than humans, leading to faster and more accurate results. However, there are also challenges to consider. Privacy and security concerns arise as AI systems handle sensitive information. There is also the worry of job displacement, as AI automation may replace certain human tasks. Additionally, ethical considerations need to be addressed, such as bias in algorithms and the potential for AI to be used for malicious purposes.Overall, the impact of AI on various industries is undeniable. It has the potential to revolutionize healthcare, finance, transportation, and many other sectors. However, careful implementation and regulation are necessary to ensure its responsible and beneficial use.。
计算机专业英语 考试
一、选择题1.What is the process of converting a high-level programming language into machine languagecalled?A.Debuggingpilation（正确答案）C.ExecutionD.Interpretation2.Which of the following is a programming paradigm that organizes software design around data,and the operations performed on that data?A.Object-oriented programming（正确答案）B.Procedural programmingC.Functional programmingD.Event-driven programming3.In computer networks, what does the term "protocol" refer to?A. A set of rules governing the exchange of information between devices（正确答案）B.The physical connection between devicesC.The speed of data transmissionD.The type of data being transmitted4.What is the term used to describe the process of dividing a complex problem into smaller, moremanageable parts?A.Modularization（正确答案）B.OptimizationC.EncapsulationD.Polymorphism5.In computer security, what is the term for unauthorized access to or modification of data?A.EncryptionB.DecryptionC.Hacking（正确答案）D.Firewall6.Which of the following is a type of software that allows two or more computers tocommunicate and share resources?A.Operating systemB.Database management systemwork operating system（正确答案）D.Word processing software7.What is the term used to describe the process of identifying and correcting errors in computerprograms?A.Debugging（正确答案）B.TestingC.Codingpilation8.In computer graphics, what is the term for the number of distinct pixels that can be displayedon a screen?A.Resolution（正确答案）B.Color depthC.Refresh rateD.Aspect ratio。
计算机专业英语试题
计算机专业英语试题一、选择题(20分，每题2分)1. There are two main sections found in the CPU of a typical personal computer system: the arithmetic-logic section and ( ).A. the control sectionB. the registersC. the data processing sectionD. the bus section2. ( ) is the functional unit that provides the computer with logical and computational capabilities.A. The control unitB. MemoryC. The Arithmetic/Logical UnitD. Register3. One megabyte equals approximately ( ).A. 1000000 bytesB. 1024 bytesC. 65535 bytesD. 10000 bytes.4. When power is removed, information in the semiconductor memory is ( ).A. reliableB. lostC. manipulatedD. remain5. The ( ) are usually located at the top of the keyboard and they are used to give the computer commands.A. function keysB. arrow keysC. numeric keysD. special-purpose keys6. In Excel, formulas and functions can be used to perform statistics or computations of data in ( ).A. electronic spreadsheetsB. sheetsC. filesD. documents7. To facilitate execution of I/O operations, most ( ) have a standard set of control instructions to handle the processing of all input and output instructions.A. operating systemsB. softwareC. system dataD. I/O system8. ( ) may near to relation to any given computer but does assume that a computer is going to be used.A. A high-level programming languageB. Machine languageC. A low-level programming languageD. Assembly language9. The ( ) must retrieve each of the required physical records and construct the logical view of the data requested by the user.A. data processorB. databaseC. DBMSD. MIS10. Computers that are part of a ( ) can share data, messages, graphics, printers, fax machines, modems, CD-ROMs, hard disks, and other data storage equipment.A. systemB. unitC. structureD. network二、词汇题（15分，每个1分）（一）写出下列缩略词的全称DBMS（）RAM （）LAN（）TCP/IP ( ) SQL ( )（二）将下列短语翻译成英语中央处理器（）多道程序设计（）缓冲技术（）办公自动化（）汇编语言（）（三）将下列英文短语翻译成汉语Machine Language （）Object-Oriented Language ( ) bus topology ( ) The data link layer ( ) Entity-relationship (ER) modeling ( )三、翻译题（35分，句子每题5分，段落每题10分）1. In a big mainframe computer the processor is called a Central Processing Unit, or CPU, while ina microcomputer, it is usually known as a microprocessor.2. The program, which tells the computers what to do and the data, which provide the information needed to solve the problem, are kept inside the computer in a place called memory.3. A modem is a device that converts data from digital computer signals to analog signals that can be sent over a phone line.4. Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet program that allows you to organize data, complete calculations, make decisions, graph data, develop professional looking reports, publish organized data on the Web, and access real-time data from Web sites.5. Operating systems can use virtual memory to run processes that require more main memory than is actually available.6. An operating system is a program, which acts as an interface between a user of a computer and the computer hardware. The purpose of an operating system is to provide an environment in which a user may execute programs. The primary goal of an operating system is thus to make the computer system convenient to use. A secondary goal is to use the computer hardware in an efficient manner. An operating system is similar to a government. Its hardware, software, and data provide the basic resource of a computer system. The operating system provides the means for the proper use of these resources in the operation of the computer system. Like government, the operating system performs no useful function by itself. It simply provides an environment within which other programs can do useful work.四、问答题（30分，每题10分）1．What is a Processor? Describe components of the Processor.2. Describe the basic application software: Microsoft Office automation (Word, Excel, PPT).3. Describe the seven layers of the OSI reference model.。
计算机专业英语试题含答案
计算机专业英语试题2 Ⅰ. Vocabulary(词汇)(30分) (写出下列词组的汉语。
)(共10分，每题1分) (一)．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese1．operating system 2．white box testing 3．hard disk 4．management information system 5．electronic commerce 6．relational database 7．software engineering 8． software maintenance 9． menu bar 10．network security (根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
) (共10分，每(二)．Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.题1分) 1．只读存储器 2．广域网 3．传输控制协议 4．文件传送[输]协议 5．通用串行总线 6．面向对象编程 7．集成开发环境 8．结构化查询语言 9．数据库管理系统 10．开放系统互连．开放系统互连（三）Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
)(10分，每空1分)1. application software a. 音频音频2. machine language b. 应用软件应用软件3. structured programming c. 机器语言机器语言4. functional testing d. 软件测试软件测试5. memory e. 结构化程序设计结构化程序设计6. relational database f. f. 内存内存7. firewall g. 功能测试功能测试8. software testing h. 关系数据库9. hacker i. 黑客黑客10. audio j. 防火墙防火墙1． 6. 2． 7． toolbar ruler title bar menu bar incorporate intoIf you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to 2. Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of for a computer to 2. Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of for a computer to3. The term coder is used to describe . 4. In order to solve a computational problem, you can let a person or a to do it. Passage C The Internet, then known as ARPANET, was brought online in 1969, which initially connected four major computers at universities in the southwestern US . The early Internet was used by computer experts , engineers, scientists, and librarians. There was nothing friendly about it. There were no home or office personal computers in those days, and anyone who used whether a computer professional or an engineer or scientist or librarian, had to learn to use a very complex system. The Internet matured in the 1970's as a result of the TCP/IP architecture. As the commands for E-mail, FTP , and te were standardized, it became a lot easier for non-technical people to learn to use the nets. It was not easy by today' s standa by any means, but it did open up use of the Internet to many more people in universities in particular. Other departments besides the libraries, computer, physics, and engineering departments found ways to make good use of the nets -- to communicate with colleagues around the world and to share files and resources. In 1991, the first really friendly interface to the Internet was developed at the University of Minnesota. The University wanted to develop a simple menu system to access files and information on campus through their local network. Since the Internet was initially funded by the government, it was originally limited to research, education, and governme uses. Commercial uses were prohibited unless they directly served the goals of research and education. This policy continued until the early 1990's, when independent commercial networks began to grow. (四) Choose the best answer according to Passage C.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。
计算机英语试题及答案
计算机英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a programming language?A. JavaB. C++C. PythonD. Photoshop2. What does CPU stand for?A. Central Processing UnitB. Central Power UnitC. Central Printing UnitD. Central Programming Unit3. What is the full form of HTML?A. Hyper Text Markup LanguageB. Hyper Text Markup LanguageC. Hyper Text Markup LanguageD. Hyper Text Markup Language4. In computer networking, what does IP stand for?A. Internet ProtocolB. Internet ProgrammingC. Internet ProviderD. Internet Processor5. What is the primary function of a router?A. To print documentsB. To store dataC. To connect multiple networksD. To provide internet access6. Which of the following is a type of database management system?A. MS WordB. MS ExcelC. MS AccessD. MS PowerPoint7. What does the acronym RAM stand for?A. Random Access MemoryB. Rapid Access MemoryC. Remote Access MemoryD. Real Access Memory8. What is the term for a collection of data stored in a computer in a structured format?A. FileB. DocumentC. DatabaseD. Folder9. Which of the following is not a type of computer virus?A. TrojanB. WormC. AntivirusD. Ransomware10. What does the term "bandwidth" refer to in the context ofinternet usage?A. The width of the cableB. The speed of data transferC. The number of usersD. The quality of the connection二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The basic unit of data in computing is called a ________.2. A ________ is a type of software that is designed to prevent, detect, and remove malware.3. The process of converting data into a form that can be easily transmitted or stored is known as ________.4. A ________ is a hardware device that allows a computer to connect to a network.5. The term "cybersecurity" refers to the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from ________ and other types of cyber attacks.6. A ________ is a collection of related data and the way it is organized.7. The ________ is a type of computer memory that retains data even when the power is off.8. The process of finding and fixing errors in a program is known as ________.9. A ________ is a type of software that allows users to create and edit documents.10. The ________ is a set of rules that define how data is formatted, transmitted, and received.三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between a server and a client in a network.2. Describe the role of an operating system in a computer system.3. What are the key components of a computer system?四、论述题（每题30分，共30分）1. Discuss the importance of data backup and recovery in a computer system.答案：一、选择题1. D2. A3. A4. A5. C6. C7. A8. C9. C10. B二、填空题1. bit2. Antivirus3. Encoding4. Network Interface Card (NIC)5. unauthorized access6. Database7. Hard disk8. Debugging9. Word processor10. Protocol三、简答题1. In a network, a server is a computer system or device that provides resources or services to other computers, known as clients. The server manages network traffic, centralizes data storage, and provides access to shared resources, while the client is a computer that requests and uses these resourcesor services.2. An operating system is the software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between theuser and the computer hardware, allowing users to interactwith the computer without needing detailed knowledge of the hardware.3. The key components of a computer system include thecentral processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), storage devices (hard disk, SSD), input devices (keyboard, mouse), output devices (monitor, printer), and peripheral devices (scanner, webcam).四、论述题1. Data backup and recovery are critical in a computer system because they ensure that data is preserved in case ofhardware failure, data loss, or cyber attacks. Regularbackups allow for the restoration of data to a previous state, minimizing downtime and potential loss of information. This process is essential for maintaining business continuity and protecting against data loss.。
计算机专业英语试题及答案
计算机专业英语试题及答案1. 选择题1. Which of the following is not a programming language?a) Javab) HTMLc) Pythond) CSS答案: b) HTML2. Which protocol is used for sending and receiving email?a) HTTPSb) FTPc) SMTPd) DNS答案: c) SMTP3. What does the acronym CPU stand for?a) Central Processing Unitb) Computer Processing Unitc) Control Processing Unitd) Central Power Unit答案: a) Central Processing Unit4. Which programming language is commonly used for web development?a) C++b) Javac) JavaScriptd) Swift答案: c) JavaScript5. What does HTML stand for?a) Hyperlinks and Text Markup Languageb) Hyper Text Markup Languagec) Home Tool Markup Languaged) Hyper Text Modeling Language答案: b) Hyper Text Markup Language2. 填空题1. The process of converting high-level programming code into machine code is called ___________.答案: compilation2. HTTP stands for ___________ Transfer Protocol.答案: Hyper Text3. The process of testing software by executing it is called ___________.答案: debugging4. Java is an object-_____________ programming language.答案: oriented5. DNS stands for Domain Name ___________.答案: System3. 简答题1. What is the difference between TCP and UDP?答案: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented protocol, which means it establishes a connection between the sender and receiver before transferring data. It ensures that all packets are received in the correct order and provides error checking. UDP (User Datagram Protocol), on the other hand, is a connectionless protocol that does not establish a direct connection before transmitting data. It does not guarantee packet delivery or order but is faster and more efficient for time-sensitive applications.2. What is the purpose of an operating system?答案: An operating system (OS) is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services forcomputer programs. Its primary purpose is to enable the user to interact with the computer and provide a platform for running applications. It manages memory, file systems, input/output devices, and multitasking. The OS also handles system security and resource allocation to ensure optimal performance.4. 解答题请参考下文并给出自己的解答。
计算机专业英语 复习
Chapter 11.Raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images, and sounds.a.data2.Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources。
h。
utilities3.Type of application programs that are more narrowly focused on specificdisciplines and occupations。
f。
specialized4.Also known as servers. b。
midrange computers5.The most widely used handheld computers are smartphones and ___。
d。
PDAs6.Type of memory that is sometimes referred to as temporary storagebecause its contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted. e。
RAM7.The most important kinds of secondary media are hard disks，solid—statestorage, and ___。
c。
optical disks8.The type of solid—state drive widely used for transporting data andinformation between computers and a variety of specialty devices。
g. USB9.Type of file created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things likebudgets and to predict sales。
计算机专业英语试题及答案
计算机专业英语试题Ⅰ. Vocabulary（词汇）（30分）(一）．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(写出下列词组的汉语。
）（共10分，每题1分)1． operating system2．requirements analysis3． network security4． data structure5．decision support system6．relational database7．software crisis8． computer virus9．email attachment10．central processing unit ( CPU )(二）．Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.（根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
) (共10分，每题1分）1．数据库管理系统 2．传输控制协议3．多文档界面 4．面向对象编程5．只读存储器 6．数字视频光盘7．计算机辅助设计 8．结构化查询语言9．通用串行总线 10．企业之间的电子商务交易方式（三）Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column。
(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
）（10分,每空1分)1。
multimedia a。
字处理器2. software life cycle b。
交换机3. structured programming c. 多媒体4。
functional testing d。
局域网5。
word processor e. 结构化程序设计6。
code windows f。
计算机专业英语复习
计算机专业英语复习Chapter 11.Raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images, and sounds.a.data2.Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources.h. utilities3.Type of application programs that are more narrowly focused on specificdisciplines and occupations.f. specialized4.Also known as servers. b. midrange computers5.The most widely used handheld computers are smartphones and ___.d. PDAs6.Type of memory that is sometimes referred to as temporary storage becauseits contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted. e. RAM7.The most important kinds of secondary media are hard disks, solid-statestorage, and ___. c. optical disks8.The type of solid-state drive widely used for transporting data andinformation between computers and a variety of specialty devices.g. USB9.Type of file created by electronic spreadsheets to analyzethings like budgetsand to predict sales.i. worksheet10.Provides a multimedia interface to the numerous resources available on theInternet.j. WebBook1. Consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work.f. program2. Another name for a program.g. software3. Enables the application software to interact with the computer hardware.i. system software4. Type of computer that is small enough to fit on top of or alongside a desk yet is too big to carry around.a. desktop5. A container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system.j. system unit6. Devices that translate the processed information from the computer into a form that humans can understand.d. output7. Unlike hard disks, this type of storage does not have any moving parts, is morereliable, and requires less power.h. solid-state8. The most widely used communication device.b. modem9. A type of a file that might contain, for example, audience handouts, speaker notes, and electronic slides.e. presentation10. A communications system connecting two or more computers.c. networkMultiple Choice1. The rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software are called:Procedures programsRules utilities2. The part of almost all of today’s computer systems tha t uses the Internet and allows users to greatly expand the capability and usefulness of their information systems.Connectivity hardwareUSB Web3. Specialized programs that are designed to allow particular input or output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system are known as:basic programs device drivershi defs tablets4. The least powerful, yet the most widely used and fastest-growing type of computer is the: Mainframe microcomputer Midrange supercomputer5. The newest type of computer that is smaller and lighter than a notebook and typically does not have a keyboard but uses a touch sensitive screen for input.Netbook notebookTablet server6. Devices of this type translate data and programs that humans can understand into a form that the computer can process.Input outputsolid state tablet7. The type of secondary storage device that uses rigid metallic platters to store programs and very large data files.hard disk optical disksolid state Web8. Three types of optical discs are CDs, DVDs, and:Flash hi defMagnetic RAM9. The revolution that will dramatically affect the way we communicate and use computer technology.Wireless tablet PCUSB Web10. Type of computing that uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet.Cloud browserInternet WebBook1. The keyboard, mouse, monitor, and system unit are:Hardware output devicesstorage devices software2. Programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an interface, and run applications are known as:application programsoperating systemsstorage systemsutility programs3. A browser is an example of a:general purpose applicationspecialized programsystem applicationutility program4. Although not as powerful as a supercomputer, this type of computer is capable of great processing speeds and data storage.Mainframe midrangeNotebook tablet5. The smallest type of microcomputer:handheldnotebookmidrangetablet6. RAM is a type of:Computer memoryNetwork secondary storage7. Unlike memory, this type of storage holds data and programs even after electrical power to the computer system has been turned off.primaryRAMROMsecondary8. The type of file created by word processors to save, for example, memos, term papers, and letters.databasedocumentpresentationworksheet9. Uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet.cloud computinghigh definitionnetworkUSB10. The largest network in the world is [the]:FacbeookInternetWebUSBChapter 2Matching1. This project launched the Internet.a. ARPANET2. Programs that provide access to Web resources.b. browsers3. The browser interprets the HTML instructions and displays___.i. Web pages4. Web based e-mail accounts do not require an e-mail program to be installed on your ___.e. computer5. The billions of unwanted and unsolicited e-mail.h. spam6. Photos, lists of personal interests, contact information, and other personal information displayed on Facebook.g. profiles7. Web site designed to allow visitors to fill in missinginformation or correct inaccuracies. j. wiki8. Evaluate the accuracy of information on the Web by considering authority, accuracy, objectivity and _____.f. currency9. Clients, the Internet, and service providers are basic components of this type of computing.d. cloud10. Type of electronic commerce that involves the sale of a product or service from one business to another.c. B2BBook1. The most popular Internet activity.a. communicating2. The most common way to access the Internet is through a(n).e. ISP3. Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet.c. e-mail4. Type of instant messaging service that supports a variety of different IM services.i. universal5. The premier business-oriented social networking site.f. LinkedIn6. Another name for a blog.j. Web log7. Publishes short sentences that only take a few seconds to write.g. microblog8. Maintain huge databases relating to information provided on the Web and the Internet.h. search services9. Electronic commerce involving individuals selling to individuals.b. C2C10. The basic components of cloud computing are clients, service providers, and the___.d. InternetMultiple Choice1. The Web was introduced in 1991 in Switzerland at the:APIX CERNInternet Spider2. These programs use a URL to connect to Web sites.Browsers spamProtocols utilities3. A type of communication that allows two or more people to contact each other via direct, live communication.e-mailIMsocial networkingWebmail4. The most widely used social networking site:CERNLinkedInTwitterFacebook5. To evaluate the accuracy of information you find on the Web, you should consider the sites’ authority, accuracy, objectivity, and:currencyobjectivitylocation6. The type of electronic commerce in which a business sellsa product to the general public.B2BB2CC2CP2B7. This type of computing frees users from owning, maintaining, and storing software and data:networkclouddesktopWeb8. These programs are automatically started and operate asa part of your browser.filtersFTPplug-insspiders9. FTP, Web-based, and BitTorrent are types of:file transferprotocolsspam blockerswikis10. This type of suite can be used to maintain your security and privacy while you are on the Web:browser securityfilterplug-inInternet securityBook1. The network that connects computers all over the world.CERNInternetLANWeb2. The rules for exchanging data between computers.protocolsWebWWW3. Client-based e-mail accounts require this special program to be installed on your computer.e-mail clienthyperlinkJavautility4. Communities of individuals who share a common interest typically create Facebook: clientsgroupspagesprofiles5. E-mail that does not require an e-mail program installed on a user's computer is known as:a bloga podcastWebmaila utility6. A very well-known microblog.LinkedInGoogle+TwitterWikipedia7. These programs continually look for new information and update search services’database programs.filtersIMspiderswikis8. Using a keyword, a search engine returns a list of related sites known as:blogshitspodcastsstrikes9. This is the Internet’s equivalent to traditional cash.digital cashe-commerceiCashInternet dollars10. Using file transfer utility software, you can copy files to your computer from specially configured servers on the Internet. This is called:downloadingfilteringblogginguploadingChapter 3Matching1. Application software can be divided into two categories: basic and ___.h. mobile apps2. This GUI uses a system of ribbons, tabs, and galleries.a. ribbon3. This application can be used to analyze sales trends and also evaluate and graph stock market trends.g. spreadsheet4. A feature of most word processors that enables users to quickly apply predefined formatting characteristics to text.i. styles5. A specialized graphics program for editing or modifying digital photographs.e. image editor6. Bitmap images are also referred to as _____ images.f. raster7. A program that sets up or structures a database.b. DBMS8. Illustration programs are used to create and edit _____ images.j. vector9. Graphics that typically appear as black and white boxes that automatically link mobile devices to a variety of different content including games, text, videos, and web sites.c. QR codes10. A collection of separate application programs bundled together and made available asa group.d. software suiteBook1.Toolbars typically appear below the menu bar and include small graphic elements called _____.a. buttons2. Simplifies the process of making a selection from a list of alternatives by graphically displaying the effect of alternatives before being selected.d. galleries3. A general purpose program that creates text-based documents.j. word processor4. Program that organizes, analyzes, and graphs numeric data.g. spreadsheet5. A collection of related data.c. database6. Also known as a photo editor, this specialized graphics program edits or modifies digital photographs.e. image editor7. The overall site design for a Web site is commonly represented in a graphical site ____.f. map8. A Web site that provides access to specific mobile apps is known as an app _____.h. store9. A type of suite that is stored at a server on the Internet and is available anywhere you can access the Internet.b. cloud10. A type of specialized suite that includes a variety of programs designed to make computing easier and safer.i. utilityMultiple Choice1. The portion of the application that allows you to controland to interact with the program.dialog boxgalleryuser interfacewindow2. The type of gui that uses tabs to organize groups of related items.charactergalleryribbontraditional3. This application software organizes, analyzes, and graphs numeric data.spreadsheetword processordatabasepresentation graphics4. A collection of related data equivalent to an electronic file cabinet:databasespreadsheetword processorpresentation graphics5. These programs allow you to mix text and graphics to create publications of professional quality focusing on page design and layout.image editorspresentation graphicsworkbooksdesktop publishing6. These readers allow mobile devices to use their digital cameras to scan quick response codes.mobile readerscamera scannersRC scannersQR code readers7. A Web site that provides access to specific mobile apps is called a(n):mobile storeapp storeiPhone appssmartphone store8. A collection of separate application programs bundled together and available as a group is a:integrated packagesoftware suiteapp suiteoffice apps9. One downside of using a _________ is that you are dependent on the server providing theapplication to be available whenever you need it.cloud suiteoffice suiteutility programWindows program10. Google Docs, Zoho, and Microsoft Office Web Apps are examples of:basic applicationscloud suitesutility suitesspecialized applicationsBook1. This type of software works with end users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details.applicationgeneral purposesystemutility2. A rectangular area that can contain a document, program, or message.dialog boxformframewindow3. Programs that create text-based documents.DBMSsuitesspreadsheetsword processors4. Programs that organize, analyze, and graph numeric data such as budgets and financial reports.DBMSsuitesspreadsheetsword processors5. Programs that allow you to mix text and graphics to create publications of professional quality.databasedesktop publishingpresentationproductivity6. The type of image consisting of geometric shapes.bitmaprasterribbonvector7. An online diary or commentary.bitmapblogHTMLvector8. Programs that combine a variety of visual objects to create attractive, visually interesting presentations.DBMSpresentation graphicsspreadsheetword processor9. Graphics that typically appear as black and white boxes that automatically link mobile devices to a variety of different content.QR Codesbitmapsraster imagesvectors10. Also known as an online suite.cloudintegratedofficeutilityChapter 4Matching1. Programs that allow particular input or output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system.b. device drivers2. Operating systems allow users to interact with application programs and computer hardware through a user ___.e. interface3. This type of interface uses graphical elements such as icons and windows.d. gui4. In a ribbon gui these divide menus into major activity areas.h. tabs5. While there are hundreds of different operating systems, there are only three basic categories: network, stand-alone, and ___.c. embedded6. The most recent Mac OS X version.g. Mountain Lion7. Originally developed by a graduate student at the University of Helsinki, Linus Torvalds, this operating system is a popular and powerful alternative to Windows.f. Linux8. Mobile operating system for many of Hewlett-Packard's smartphones and tablet computers.j. WebOS9. Utility program that reduces the size of files so they require less storage space and can be sent more efficiently over the Internet.i. file compression10. Wizard that provides step-by-step guidance for selecting hardware drivers and installing drivers.a. add a deviceBook1. Programs that perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources.h. utilities2. Restarting a running computer without turning off the power.j. warm boot3. Type of operating system that controls and coordinates networked computers.f. NOS4. An operating system is often referred to as the software environment or___.g. platform5. OS X Lion feature to display and provide direct access to applications.e. Launchpad6.A type of software that allows a single physical computer to operate as though it were two or more separate and independent computers.i. virtualization7.Mobile operating system that that is owned by Google and is one of the fastest-growing mobile operating systems.a. Android8.Type of program that guards computer systems from viruses and other damaging programs.b. antivirus9. If a file cannot be saved on a single track, it has to be____.d. fragmented10. Program that works with the operating system to allow communication between a device and the rest of a computer system is called a device____.c. driverMatching1. This system software coordinates computer resources, provides a user interface, and runs applications.device driveroperating systemtranslatorutility2. Starting or restarting a computer is called:bootingaligninginitializingstartup3. Type of operating system used for handheld devices such as smartphones, cable and satellite television tuner boxes, video game systems, and other small electronics.cellembeddednetworkstand-alone4. The operating system is often referred to as the software environment or the software:desktopserverplatformwindow5. An approach in which a single physical computer can support multiple operating systems that operate independently.simulationhostingmultitaskingvirtualization6. An operating system released in 2012 with a user interface very similar to the interface used with tablets and smartphones with functionality similar to Windows 8.OS X Mountain LionOS X LionLinuxChrome7. An approach that allows a single computer to run multiple operating systems at the same time.multitaskingvirtualizationV.R.Windows8. Developed by Apple, based on Mac OS and is used as the platform for the iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad.iOSBlackberry OSAndroidWindows Phone 89. A Windows utility program that locates and eliminates unnecessary fragments and rearranges files and unused disk space to optimize operations.BackupDisk CleanupDisk DefragmenterRestore10. Dangerous programs that can be “caught” in a variety of ways including opening e-mail attachments and downloading software from the Internet.appspamutilityvirusBook1. What type of software works with users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details?applicationdesktopLinuxsystem2. The programs that convert programming instructions written by programmers into a language that computers understand and process are language:converterslinguistsmanagerstranslators3. The ability to switch between different applications stored in memory is called:diversionmultitaskingoperational interferenceprogramming4. Graphic representations for a program, type of file, or function:appiconimagesoftware5. This operating system feature is controlled by a mouse and changes shape depending on its current function.dialog boxmenumousepointer6. The operating system based on Linux, designed for Netbook computers, and focused on Internet connectivity through cloud computing:ChromeMacUnixWindows7. The mobile operating system developed by Apple and originally called iPhone OS:AndroidBlackBerry OSiOSMac OS8. A utility program that makes copies of files to be used in case the originals are lost or damaged:Backup and RestoreDisk CleanupDisk DefragmenterCompactor9. A troubleshooting utility that identifies and eliminates nonessential files, frees up valuable disk space, and improves system performance:Backup and RestoreDisk CleanupDisk DefragmenterCompactor10. Windows makes it easy to update drivers with Windows:BackupRestoreDriverUpdateChapter 5。
计算机专业英语复习题
1.判断题1. Operating system first appeared during the third computer generation.2. Unlike the other buses, the address bus always receives data from the CPU; the CPU never reads the address bus.3. The main operations of set algebra are complementation, union and intersection.4. If an empty stack is popped, we say the stack overflows, which is normally an error.5. The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.6. Freeware is free software with no restriction.7. When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the data onto the data bus, then outputs the address onto the address bus. 8．The FORTRAN programming language was developed during the first computer generation.9．A stack is a dynamic set that obeys the FIFO property.10．Two popular strategies for resource allocation are static allocation and dynamic allocation.11．The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.12. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessor can run on a computer that has a different microprocessor.13. Object-oriented programmingOOP is a programming language model organized around “objects” rather than “actions” and data rather than logic.14. FORTRAN is a particularly good language for processing numerical data, but it does not lend itself very well to organizing large programs.15. C++ and Smalltalk are two of the more popular object-oriented programming language.2.词汇Vacuum tube 真空管 general purpose 通用 transistor 晶体管LSILarge Scale Integrated Circuit：大规模集成电路VLSIVery Large Scale Integrated Circuit：超大规模集成电路Mainframe 大型机 medium-sized computer 中型机 minicomputer 小型机Microcomputer 小型机machine language 机器语言assembly language 汇编语言high-level language 高级语言Multiprogramming 多道程序设计virtual memory 虚拟存储time-share 分时Batch system 批处理系统 interactive system 交互式系统Instruction cycle 指令周期Address bus, data bus, control busInternal register内部寄存器 external register 外部寄存器 flag register标志寄存器Instruction register 指令寄存器program counter程序计数器combinatorial logic组合逻辑Control signal 控制信号 instruction code指令代码 instruction pipeline指令流水线Bidirectional 双向的 unidirectional 单向的ALUArithmetic Logic Unit 算术逻辑单元Decimal system十进制 binary system 二进制 quinary system 五进制duodecimal system 十二进制Boolean algebra 布尔代数 set algebra 集合代数 empty set 空集universal set 全集 intersection 交 complement 补 finite set 有限集 infinite set 无限集Stack 堆栈queue 队列underflow 下溢overflow 上溢pseudocode 伪码 LIFOLast in first out 后进先出 FIFOFirst in first out 先进先出 Linked list 链表 doubly linked list 双向链表Circular list 循环链表Resource allocation 资源分配 user interface 用户接口 static resource allocation 静态资源分配 dynamic resource allocation 动态资源分配 sequential sharing 串行共享 concurrent sharing 并行共享 resource preemption 资源抢占 memory sharing 存储器共享sequential program 顺序程序 concurrent program 并发程序 packet filtering firewall 包过滤防火墙 intrusion detection 入侵检测open source 开放源代码的Middleware 中间件liteware 不具备部分性能的共享软件shareware 共享软件 freeware 免费软件CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Manufacture 计算机辅助设计/制造Software life cycle 软件生存期 Software engineering 软件工程System engineering and analysis 系统工程与分析Software requirement analysis 软件需求分析Prototype 原型 fix-it coding 纠错式编码,修改式编码MIS/DPManagement Information System/Data Processing 管理信息系统/数据处理Machine language 机器语言 assembly language 汇编语言OOPLObject-oriented programming language 面向对象的程序设计语言3、选择1．Which one below is not a characteristic that we associate with a true computer todayA．electronic B．automatic C．stored-program D．general-purpose1．Which one below was the first machine whose design included all the characteristics of a computer.A．Z3 B．Mark I C．ENIAC D．EDVAC1．Which characteristic was not belong to ENIAC________ A．electronic B．general-purpose C．stored program D．capable of performing thousands of operations per second1．Which one below is the world’s first computer to become operational_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．Which one below is the first computer to operate in the United State_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．Which one below is the first commercially available computer_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．The _______ was the most popular first-generation computer.A．ENIAC B．EDSAC C．UNIVAC I D．IBM 6501．The first minicomputer became available in 1960, and its name was_______ .A．UNIVAC 1 B．IBM 360 C．PDP-1 D．PDP-81．The most popular minicomputer in third generation was_______ .A．UNIVAC 1 B．IBM 360 C．PDP-1 D．PDP-81．Which one below is not a feature of modern operatingsystems________.A．multiprogramming B．virtual memory C．compatibility D．time-sharing2．When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the______ onto the ____ bus, then outputs the ____ onto the _____ bus.A．address address data data B．data data address addressC．address data address data D．data address data address2．When the CPU fetches data from memory, it first outputs the memory ___on its _____ bus, then memory outputs the _____ onto the ____ bus.A．address address data data B．data data address addressC．address data address data D．data address data address2．The _______ bus consists of n lines, which combine to transmit one n-bit address value. -A．address B．data C．control D．system2．Which one below is not a register that belongs to theregister section of a processor.A．program counter B．instruction register C．flash memory D．flag register5．Which one below is not a system provided resource A．files B．CPU C．memory D．printer5．Which kind of resource can be shared in a concurrent manner A．memory B．printer C．data files D．CPU5．Preemption of system resources is used by the OS to enforce __________in their use by programs.A．efficiency B．fairness C．speed D．utilization6．_________ enables the application software to interact with the computer.A．Middleware B．Operating system C．System software D．Shareware6．Which one below is not a key element of software engineering A．methods B．designs C．tools D．procedures7．Which one below is not the benefit og object-oriented programmingA．inheritance B．data hiding C．reuse D．complex4．填空1、The characteristics that we associate with computers today are that the machine is electronic, that it has a stored program, and it is general purpose.1、the features of modern operating systems include multiprogramming, virtual memory, and time-sharing.2、When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the address onto the _________, then outputs the data onto the ___________.2、When the CPU fetches data from memory, it first outputs the memory address on its _____________, then memory outputs the data onto the _________________.2、The bus is a collection of individual control signals.2、The is the procedure a microprocessor goes through to process an instruction2、The signal is a signal on the control bus which the microprocessor asserts when it is ready to read data from memory or an I/O device.3、The ______ of any two sets subsets of a given set consist of those elements that are in one of the other or in both given sets.3、The _________of any two sets consists of those elements that are in one or the other or in both given sets; The _______of two sets consists of those elements that are in both given sets.4、The INSERT operation on a stack is often called ________, and the DELETE operation is often called _________.4、The INSERT operation on a queue is often called ________, and the DELETE operation is often called _________.5、OS functions can be classified into resource allocation and related functions, and user interface functions.5、Two popular strategies for resource allocation are: _____________________ and ______________________.5、Two ways of resource sharing are: ____________ _____________ and ______________________.6、Software is often divided into ____________software and ___________ software.6、The term_________ is used to describe programming that mediates between application and system software or between two different kinds of application software.6、_________ software controls the computer and enables it to run the __________ software and hardware.7、Lying between machine languages and high-level languages are _assembly languages_, which are directly related to a computer’s machine language.7、Object-oriented programmingOOP is a programming languagemodel organized around “” rather than “actions” and rather than logic.7、All high-level language programs must be translated intomachine language so that the computer can understand it. There aretwo ways to do this: compile the program or the program.5．翻译1、A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, and then carry out this program by performing calculations on numerical data or by compiling and correlating other forms of information.1、As more and more transistors were put on silicon chips, it eventually became possible to put an entire computer processor,called a microprocessor, on a chip.随着越来越多的晶体管被集成到硅芯片上,将一整个计算机处理器称为微处理器放在一个芯片上终于成为可能;2、The CPU decodes the instruction, and controls the execution procedure. It performs some operations internally, and supplies the address, data, and control signals needed by memory and I/O devicesto execute the instruction.CPU对指令译码并且控制整个执行过程;它执行一些内部操作,并且为存储器和I/O设备执行指令提供必要的地址、数据和控制信号;2、This unit generates the internal control signal that cause registers to load data, increment or clear their contents, and output their contents, as well as cause the ALU to perform the correct function.3、Given a subset of T, such as S, we may define the complement of S with respect to a universal set T to consist of precisely those elements of T which are not included in the given subset.给定T的一个子集,例如子集S,我们可以定义一个关于全集T的S的补集;其中正好包含那些不在子集S中而在T中的元素;3、The union of any two sets subsets of a given set consists of those elements that are in one or the other or in both given sets; the intersection of two sets consists of those elements that are in both given sets.任何两个集合已给定集合的若干子集的并集包含了出现于这两个子集中某一个集合或同时出现于这两个集合中的所有元素；两个集合的交集包含了同时出现于这两个集合中的元素;4、A stack is a data type whose major attributes are determined by the rules governing the insertion and deletion of its elements.5、Static resource allocation is simple to implement, however, it could lead to suboptimal utilization because the allocation is made on the basis of perceived needs of a program, rather than itsactual needs.静态资源分配易于实现,但由于它不是从程序的实际需要出发,而是根据程序预先提出的需求来做决定,所以容易导致系统利用率下降;6、Packaged software refers to programs prewritten by professional programmers that are typically offered for sale on a diskette.软件包是指那种由专业编程人员预先写好的,制作在软盘上以供销售的程序6、Custom-made software, or custom programs, is what all software used to be. Twenty years ago organizations hired computer programmers to create all their software. The programmer custom-wrote programs to instruct the company computer to perform whatever tasks the organization wanted.曾经所有的软件都是用户定制软件,或称用户软件;二十年前,各公司雇用编程人员编写所有的软件;编程人员根据用户的需要编写程序,指示公司的计算机执行组织想要实现的所有任务;6、The establishment and use of sound engineering principles in order to obtain economically software that is reliable and works efficiently on real machines.建立和使用稳妥的工程原理,以期得到一种能在实际机器上可靠而高效工作的、经济的软件;6、The life cycle paradigm demands a systematic, sequentialapproach to software development that begins at the system level and progresses through analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance.生命周期模型要求软件的开发从系统级设计到分析、设计、编码、测试和维护,都遵循系统的、顺序的方法;7、One of the principal advantages of object-oriented programming techniques over procedural programming techniques is that they enable programmers to create modules that do not need to be changed when a new type of object is added.。
计算机专业英语期末考复习资料(推荐文档)
考试范围：Unit 1，Unit2, Unit3.3,3.4,3.5, Unit 4.1, 课后练习，以及翻译练习一，单选15题（30%）范围：1.ENIAC were called ____A__,and typically cost more than a million dollarsA. mainframesB. PCC. minicomputerD. Microcomputerputers are _____D___devices that can follow ________ to accept input, process that input, and procedure information.A. electric, wordsB. electrical, instructuresC. electronic, wordsD. electronic instructions3.___D__ printer uses heat element to produce images on heat-sensitive paper.A. Dot-MatrixB.Ink-JetC. LaserD.Thermal4.____A__ directs the movement of electronic signals between memory and the ALU.A. Control unitB.CPUC. MotherboardD.Memory5._____B__ is short for characters per second.A. MIPS（每秒钟百万条指令）B.CPS（中央处理系统）C. CPUD.OS6._____A___ operating system is the most widely used operating system.A. WindowsB.UnixC. LinuxD.Mac7.DOS means_____C___.A. 光盘操作系统B. 软盘操作系统C．磁盘操作系统 D. 硬盘操作系统8.Software Crisis means_____D___.A. 软件开发B. 软件需求C．硬件危机 D. 软件危机9.下面哪个单词的含义是“封装”____B____.A. inheritance (继承)B. encapsulationC. polymorphism （多态性）D. prototype （原型;样机;样品）10.____B___is just a particular type of computer system.A. BrowserB.JavaC. PlatformD.Virtual machine （虚拟机）11. B is used to communicate with another computer over telephonelines.A. keyboardB. modemC. mouseD. printer12. C is a device that enables the computer to handle sounds.A. network cardB. video cardC. sound cardD. monitor13. A is a word processing tool that helps you to create qualitydocuments.A. Word 2003B. Outlook 2003C. Access 2003D. Excel 200314. B is the latest（最新）desktop version of the Windows operatingsystem from Microsoft.A. Windows NTB. Windows 7C. Windows VistaD. WindowsXP15.Which one is not a computer languages? AA. PowerpointB. PASCALC. JavaD. C++16.The heart of a computer system is _ A___A.CPUB. hard diskC. memoryD. main board17.A virus（病毒）is a A.A. programB. computerC. bad manD. beast18.The basic hardware（基本硬件）components of a personal computerconsist of the D .A. keyboard and mouseB. storage devices（存储设备）and displayC. CPUD. all of above19.The central processing unit (CPU) has two parts:A .A. control unit（控制单元）and ALU（算术逻辑单元）B. ALU and registerC. register（注册）and control unitD. ALU and memory20.The more popular operating system is B operating system.A. MS DOSB. WindowsC. UNIXD. Linux21.The desirable features（特点）of the software produced by object-oriented designs（面向对象设计）are the following aspects expect D .A. minimal coupling(最小的耦合)B. functional cohesion(函数内聚)C. information hiding(信息隐藏)D. hierarchical date base(层次数据库)22.Which one of the following descriptions（描述）is not true aboutsoftware crisis? CA. Software is hard to estimate and scheduled.（软件难以评估和使用）B. Software becomes increasingly expensive.（软件变得越来越昂贵）C. Software is almost impossible to identify.（软件是几乎不可能确定）D. Software is almost impossible to manage. （软件是几乎是不可能的管理）23.In computer science, AI is the abbreviation（简称）of theB .A. Adequate IntakeB. Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）C. Analogy InputD. Appreciative Inquiry24 C are the only languages understood by computers.A. High-level languagesB. Assembly languages（汇编语言）C. Machine languages（机器语言）D. Object-oriented programming languages25.The biggest in size, the most expensive in price than any other is classified（分类）and known as A .A. Super ComputersB. MainframesC. MinicomputersD.Portable Computers二，判断10题（10%）范围：以课后练习为主三，阅读理解4篇20题（40%）P16 4,5,6段P37 倒1 P57 倒数2段（java）P67 1，3，5，6段1、In order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified in terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer．If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to program．The task of developing programs for the soultion of computational problems is referred to as programming．Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow．In general，this process will help usresolve a problem，which is either too tedious (冗长的) or difficult to work out otherwise．So programming is breaking a task down into small steps．译：为解决计算问题，其解决方案必须被指定在一个计算步骤的序列，每一个可能由一个人或一个数字计算机。
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1.判断题（）1. Operating system first appeared during the third computer generation. （）2. Unlike the other buses, the address bus always receives data fromthe CPU; the CPU never reads the address bus.（）3. The main operations of set algebra are complementation, union and intersection.（）4. If an empty stack is popped, we say the stack overflows, which is normally an error.（）5. The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.（）6. Freeware is free software with no restriction.（）7. When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the data onto the data bus, then outputs the address onto the address bus.（）8．The FORTRAN programming language was developed during the first computer generation.（）9．A stack is a dynamic set that obeys the FIFO property.（）10．Two popular strategies for resource allocation are static allocation and dynamic allocation.（）11．The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.（）12. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessorcan run on a computer that has a different microprocessor.（）13. Object-oriented programming(OOP) is a programming language model organized around “objects” rather than “actions” and data rather than logic. （）14. FORTRAN is a particularly good language for processing numerical data, but it does not lend itself very well to organizing large programs.（）15. C++ and Smalltalk are two of the more popular object-oriented programming language.2.词汇Vacuum tube 真空管general purpose 通用transistor 晶体管：大规模集成电路）Large Scale Integrated Circuit（LSI．VLSI(Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit）：超大规模集成电路Mainframe 大型机medium-sized computer 中型机minicomputer 小型机Microcomputer 小型机machine language 机器语言assembly language 汇编语言high-level language 高级语言Multiprogramming 多道程序设计virtual memory 虚拟存储time-share 分时Batch system 批处理系统interactive system 交互式系统Instruction cycle 指令周期Address bus, data bus, control busInternal register内部寄存器external register 外部寄存器flag register标志寄存器Instruction register 指令寄存器program counter程序计数器combinatorial logic组合逻辑Control signal 控制信号instruction code指令代码instruction pipeline指令流水线Bidirectional 双向的unidirectional 单向的ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) 算术逻辑单元Decimal system十进制binary system 二进制quinary system 五进制duodecimal system 十二进制Boolean algebra 布尔代数set algebra 集合代数empty set 空集universal set 全集intersection 交complement 补finite set 有限集infinite set 无限集Stack 堆栈queue 队列underflow 下溢overflow 上溢pseudocode 伪码LIFO(Lastin first out) 后进先出FIFO(First in first out) 先进先出Linked list 链表doubly linked list双向链表Circular list 循环链表Resource allocation 资源分配user interface 用户接口static resource allocation 静态资源分配dynamic resource allocation 动态资源分配sequential sharing 串行共享concurrentsharing 并行共享resource preemption 资源抢占memory sharing 存储器共享sequential program 顺序程序concurrent program 并发程序packet filtering firewall 包过滤防火墙intrusion detection 入侵检测open source 开放源代码的Middleware 中间件liteware 不具备部分性能的共享软件shareware 共享软件freeware 免费软件CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Manufacture 计算机辅助设计/制造Software life cycle 软件生存期Software engineering 软件工程System engineering and analysis 系统工程与分析Software requirement analysis 软件需求分析Prototype 原型fix-it coding 纠错式编码，修改式编码MIS/DP（Management Information System/Data Processing）管理信息系统/数据处理Machine language 机器语言assembly language 汇编语言OOPL(Object-oriented programming language) 面向对象的程序设计语言3、选择（）1．Which one below is not a characteristic that we associate with a true computer today?A．electronic B．automatic C．stored-program D．general-purpose（）1．Which one below was the first machine whose design included all the characteristics of a computer.A．Z3 B．Mark I C．ENIAC D．EDV ACWhich characteristic was not belong to ENIAC?________．1）（．A．electronic B．general-purpose C．stored program D．capable of performing thousands of operations per second（）1．Which one below is the world's first computer to become operational?_____ A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIV AC D．EDVAC（）1．Which one below is the first computer to operate in the United State?_____ A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIV AC D．EDVAC（）1．Which one below is the first commercially available computer?_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIV AC D．EDVAC（）1．The _______ was the most popular first-generation computer.A．ENIAC B．EDSAC C．UNIV AC I D．IBM 650（）1．The first minicomputer became available in 1960, and its name was_______ .A．UNIVAC 1 B．IBM 360 C．PDP-1 D．PDP-8（）1．The most popular minicomputer in third generation was_______ .A．UNIVAC 1 B．IBM 360 C．PDP-1 D．PDP-8（）1．Which one below is not a feature of modern operating systems________. A．multiprogramming B．virtual memory C．compatibility D．time-sharingWhen writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the______ onto．2 ）（the ____ bus, then outputs the ____ onto the _____ bus.A．address address data data B．data data address addressC．address data address data D．data address data addressWhen the CPU fetches data from memory, it first outputs the memory．2 ）（___on its _____ bus, then memory outputs the _____ onto the ____ bus. A．address address data data B．data data address addressC．address data address data D．data address data address（）2．The _______ bus consists of n lines, which combine to transmit one n-bit address value. -A．address B．data C．control D．system（）2．Which one below is not a register that belongs to the register section of a processor. A．program counter B．instruction register C．flash memory D．flag register（）5．Which one below is not a system provided resource?A．files B．CPU C．memory D．printer（）5．Which kind of resource can be shared in a concurrent manner?A．memory B．printer C．data files D．CPU（）5．Preemption of system resources is used by the OS to enforce __________in their use by programs.A．efficiency B．fairness C．speed D．utilization（）6．_________ enables the application software to interact with the computer. A．Middleware B．Operating system C．System software D．Shareware（）6．Which one below is not a key element of software engineering?procedures．D tools ．C designs ．B methods ．A．（）7．Which one below is not the benefit og object-oriented programming? A．inheritance B．data hiding C．reuse D．complex4．填空1、The characteristics that we associate with computers today are that the machine is electronic, that it has a stored program, and it is general purpose.1、the features of modern operating systems include multiprogramming, virtualmemory, and time-sharing.2、When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the address onto the_________, then outputs the data onto the ___________.2、When the CPU fetches data from memory, it first outputs the memory address on its _____________, then memory outputs the data onto the _________________.2、The bus is a collection of individual control signals.2、The is the procedure a microprocessor goes through to process an instruction2、The signal is a signal on the control bus which the microprocessor asserts when it is ready to read data from memory or an I/O device.3、The ______ of any two sets (subsets of a given set) consist of those elements that are in one of the other or in both given sets.3、The _________of any two sets consists of those elements that are in one or the other or in both given sets; The _______of two sets consists of those elements that are in both given sets.4、The INSERT operation on a stack is often called ________, and the DELETE operation is often called _________.4、The INSERT operation on a queue is often called ________, and the DELETE operation is often called _________.5、OS functions can be classified into resource allocation and related functions, and user interface functions.5、Two popular strategies for resource allocation are: _____________________ and______________________.5、Two ways of resource sharing are: ____________ _____________ and______________________.6、Software is often divided into ____________software and ___________ software.6、The term_________ is used to describe programming that mediates between application and system software or between two different kinds of application software._________ software controls the computer and enables it to run the __________ software、6．and hardware.7、Lying between machine languages and high-level languages are _assembly languages_,which are directly related to a computer's machine language.Object-oriented programming(OOP) is a programming language model、7organized around “”rather than “actions”and rather than logic.7、All high-level language programs must be translated into machine language so that the computer can understand it. There are two ways to do this: compile the program or the program.5．翻译1、A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, andthen carry out this program by performing calculations on numerical data or by compiling and correlating other forms of information.1、As more and more transistors were put on silicon chips, it eventually became possible to putan entire computer processor, called a microprocessor, on a chip.随着越来越多的晶体管被集成到硅芯片上,将一整个计算机处理器（称为微处理器）放在一个芯片上终于成为可能。