人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(11)than,as和but作关系代词用法知识点总结整理

2021届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义（11）than，as和but作关系代词用法知识点总结整理

than, as, but作准关系代词的用法

关系代词通常是用来引导定语从句的，than, as和but除了做

基本连词外还可以作准关系代词，但是与which，who,that等关系

代词不同，than, as和but引导的定语从句与典型的定语从句不太

相像，因此称它们为准关系代词。

Than,as,but作准关系代词条件是：前面必须有先行词（名词）

例：

I have more money than you do (我比你有钱)

He has as much money as I do （他和我的钱一样多）

There is nothing but he knows（没有什么他不知道的）

我们分别进行详细说明：

1.Than 作准关系代词的用法

Than 之前若有名词，则than = than + the + 前面的名词+ 关系代词（who, whom, which）,因此可以将than 视为关系代词。Than 作准关系代词通常出现在more …than,less…than, fewer…than等结构中，且在从句中可以充当主语，宾语和be动

词后得表语。

例1. I have more money than is needed.（than作从句的

主语）

= I have more money than the money which is needed （我现有的钱比所需要的多）

例2. I have more money than h e needs（than作从句的宾语）

I have more money than the money which he needs

（我现有的钱比他所需要的多）

例3. heis a better student than you（are ）.(than 作从句的表语)

2.As 作准关系代词的用法

as之前若有名词，则as = as + the + 前面的名词+ 关系代词（who, whom, which）,因此可以将as 可视为关系代词，并在所引导的从句中作主语，宾语和be动词之后的表语。但只用于下列短语中：

as作为准关系代词只能用于下列短语:

1. Such+n. + as...

例: I don't like such a man as tells lies(as作从句的主语) 我不喜欢说谎的人

2. The same+ n. + as...

例: I have the same book as you bought yesterday(as作从句的宾语)

我有一-本书和你昨天买的-样

3. As+ adj. +n. + as...

例1: he is as diligent a man as ever lived(as作从句的主语) 他是有史以来最勤奋的人

例2: he is as good a man as John (as 作从句的表语)

他是个和约翰一样好的人

注意：

①such + n. 之后不可用like（像）加以修饰。

Such a man like him is bad. (错)

Such a man as him is bad.（对）

②as 可替代主句。单独使用as时，as也可以作关系代词，等于which，用来代替整个主句。

He is nice, which is known to us

= he is nice , as is known to us(他人很好，我们都知道)

③as引导的从句可置于主句的前后，而which引导的从句只能置于主句之后。

例. He is nice, as we all know= as we all know, he is nice

④只能与单数可数名词使用的结构。

只能与单数可数名词使用的结构:

1.So .. that如...以至于......

例:he is so good a boy that I like him

2.As ... ...as 和.....样地.....

例: he is as handsome a man as Peter (is)

3.Too .. to ...太......而不....

例:heistoooldamantodoit

4.how...多么地

例: how great a man he is

3.But 作为准关系代词的用法。

But 作为准关系代词时，只用于“no + n.”之后，此时but 等于who(whom, which )…not.

即there is no + 名词+ who(whom, which, that)…not

= there is no + 名词+ but……

注意：

定语从句中有be 动词保留be动词

例：there is no one who is not interested in it.

= there is no one but is interested in it(没有人不对他感兴趣)

定语从句中有助动词（can,will,may,should…）保留该助动词。

There is nothing that he can not do

=There is nothing but he can do（没有什么事是他做不来的）