2011年上海中级口译翻译练习
历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案
历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案原文：越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。
中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。
这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。
曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。
现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。
译文：An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.解析：本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。
2011年翻译资格考试：中级口译英译汉模拟题(6)
We all know that information storage， transmission and processing constitute some of the most important guarantee conditions for enhancing the level of overall social development， as well as a focal point in the competition of high technologies between various countries. But not everyone realizes that the most significant information reservoiris no other than the human genome.// The human genome contains most of the hereditary information related to the birth， aging， diseases and death of humankind. Its decoding will bring about a revolution to the diagnosisof diseases， to the development of new medicines and to the exploration of new therapies.// Some scientists believe the work to decipherthe human genetic code is no less important than the Apollo moon landing program. The publication of the map and preliminary conclusion of the human genome played an important role in promoting the development of life science and biotechnology.// What we do know is that by three and a half billion years ago the highly complicated moleculeDNA had emerged. DNA is the basis of all life on earth. It has a double helixstructure， like a spirsage 14
上海市中级笔译第二阶段口试真题2011年9月
上海市中级笔译第二阶段口试真题2011年9月(总分：5.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、口语题Directions: Talk in English on the following topic for at least 3 minutes. Be sure to make your point clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with "My name is... ", "My registration number is... /(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.Topic: Balance between Developing Auto Industry and Protecting the Environment in China Questions for reference:1. What benefits can a booming auto industry bring to our nation and our people?2. What are the side-effects of the fast-growing auto industry in China?3. Shall we have more cars or have we had too many cars already? Give reasons for your answer.（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(略)解析：二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal... and st6p it at the signal... You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Passage 11.Passage 1（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(中国2010年上海世博会给我留下深刻的印象。
上海中级口译口试部分历年真题集锦(含答案)
上海市英语中级口译证书第二阶段考试试题集锦(201009)口语题Directions:Talk on the following topic for at least 3 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with “My name is…”，”My registration number is…”Topic: Can shopping vouchers increase consumption?Questions for Reference:1.To stimulate consumption, which is more effective, tax reduction or shoppingvouchers?2.What are the major purposes of issuing shopping vouchers?3.In what way can the shopping vouchers best be distributes? Shall every citizenbe given the same amount of shopping vouchers or should the vouchers be limited to the lower-income people only?口译题Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal…and stop it at the signal…You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1As for us Americans, you may think that we give too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, and even bring harm to the harmony of the society.//Yes, but you don’t have to be worried. American work ethic is more individual-oriented. We often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.//If I am not mistaken, the traditional Chinese work ethic is based on Confucianism, which stresses the benefit of communal harmony rather than individual freedom.// It’s really very hard to say which is better because if the cultural differences. With the economic globalization, cultural exchanges have become more and more extensive and Americans and Chinese will know and understand each other better.至于我们美国人，你们会感到我们太看重个人主义，太看重个人利益，这样可能会牺牲集体的利益，甚至会损害社会的和谐。
2011年上海中口笔试真题及答案
2011年上海口译考试中级口译笔试（全真试题+答案）完整版SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(45 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONL Y ONCE.British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you’ll know where ___________ (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ (3).Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ (4) of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, _____________ (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ (7) in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: ‘Go away, you _____________ (8).’ On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o’clock smile: ‘Thank you very much. I _____________ (9) a cup of tea, especially in the morning.’ If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ (10)!Then you have ___________ (11); then you have tea at 11 o’clock in the morning; _____________ (12); then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and agai n at eleven o’clock _____________ (13).You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the _____________ (14): if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _____________ (15); if you are nervous; if you are watching TV; _____________ (16); if you have just returned home; if you feel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea ______________ (17); if you have just had a cup.You definitely must not ______________ (18). I sleep at five o’clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable _____________ (19) during the day; I have the _____________ (20) even at tea-time!Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONL Y ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) The program on Channel Eight reminds me of TV commercials.(B) The product advertised in the TV commercial cannot help cure my illness.(C) I don’t watch TV that much, be cause of the omnipresent advertisements.(D) I have to sit on the sofa, because I am too sick to stand in front of the television.2. (A) The plane arrived at 7:30.(B) The plane arrived at 8:00.(C) The plane arrived at 9:00.(D) The plane arrived at 10:00.3. (A) I’ll ask someone else to read and check this agreement for errors.(B) I’ll think more about the agreement before making a decision.(C) It’s obvious that I’ll discuss the agreement with my assistant first.(D) It’s out of que stion that I should get into any agreement with you.4. (A) The better members decided to cancel the meeting.(B) Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.(C) It’d be better if no one had attended this morning’s committee meeting..(D) The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.5. (A) Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.(B) Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.(C) There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.(D) People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.6. (A) Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaring college tuition fees and expenses.(B) Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.(C) The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.(D) Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college.7. (A) For many university graduates, the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.(B) Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.(C) University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.(D) With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.8. (A) Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.(B) Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.(C) Good business negotiators are sometimes curiou s about other people’s restatements.(D) Restating what others have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.9. (A) We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.(B) We’d better draft and then sign a written agreement.(C) We generally keep our promises in business transactions.(D) We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.10. (A) I don’t think you have more to say on that topic.(B) I think we’d better talk about that in detail sometime later.(C) I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.(D) I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONL Y ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11—1411. (A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five12. (A) A profit-making private school.(B) A non-profit-making independent school.(C) A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.(D) A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.13. (A) Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic abilities.(B) Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.(C) Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.(D) Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.14. (A) Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.(B) School authorities will receive more funds from the government.(C) Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.(D) Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.Questions 15—1815. (A) One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.(B) One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.(C) One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.(D) One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories16. (A) The New Oxford Picture Dictionary(B) The American Heritage Dictionary(C) The Dictionary of Legal Terms(D) The Drinking Water Dictionary17. (A) It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.(B) It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.(C) It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.(D) It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18. (A) A school dictionary. (B) A college dictionary.(C) A general dictionary. (D) A specialized dictionary.Questions 19—2219. (A) He’s bought his wife a present. (B) He’s missed an important phone call.(C) He’s dismissed his new secretary. (D) He’s popped out shopping.20. (A) Talking about the latest fashion.(B) Offering special reductions.(C) Giving bigger discounts to female customers.(D) Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21. (A) Upside down and inside out. (B) Inside out and back to front.(C) With its sleeves as trouser legs. (D) With its pattern upside down.22. (A) A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.(B) A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.(C) A white pullover with a pattern.(D) A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23—2623. (A) That of a creator. (B) That of a re-creator.(C) That of a receiver. (D) That of a performer.24. (A) Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.(B) Because we want to give full attention to the driving.(C) Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.(D) Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.25. (A) In the elevator. (B) In the car.(C) In the bathroom. (D) In the church.26. (A) By perceptive and analytical listening.(B) By taking a sonic bath.(C) By attending classical concerts.(D) By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27—3027. (A) His grandfather’s house. (B) His parents’ remarks.(C) A magazine. (D) A coursebook.28. (A) Enjoying visiting zoos. (B) Driving a car.(C) Making money. (D) Taking kids to a museum.29. (A) It died a few years ago. (B) It killed several tourists.(C) It is only a legend. (D) It is a living dinosaur.30. (A) No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.(B) No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.(C) There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.(D) The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS(45 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1—5The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him. “Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example, because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.1. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.(B) The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.(C) Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.(D) The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.2. What follows ‘in other words’ (para.1)?(A) An example of the previous sentence.(B) A new idea about the court system.(C) An item of evidence to call for a trial.(D) A restatement of the previous sentence.3. According to the passage, ‘he can go free’ (para.3) means _________.(A) the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend him(B) the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocent(C) the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or not(D) the suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial4. What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail?(A) To pay for the judge and the trial.(B) To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.(C) To ensure that the suspect will return to court.(D) To ensure that the suspect will appear in prison.5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) The American justice system sometimes operates slowly.(B) The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.(C) It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.(D) The jury considers the evidence in the court room.Questions 6—10S o you’ve got an invention—you and around 39,000 others each year, according to 2002 statistics!The 64,000-dollar question, if you have come up with a device which you believe to be the answer to the energy crisis or you’ve invented a lawnmower which cut s grass with a jet of water (not so daft, someone has invented one), is how to ensure you’re the one to reap the rewards of your ingenuity. How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense?One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention. That can keep it out of the grasp of the pirates for at least the next 20 years. And for this reason inventors in their droves beat a constant trail from all over the country to the doors of an anonymous grey-fronted building just behind London’s Holborn to try and patent their devices.The first ‘letters patent’ were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam. The letters, written in Latin, are still on file at the office. They were granted by King Henry VI and entitled Utynam to ‘import into this country’ his knowledge of making stained glass windows in order to install such windows at Eton College.Present-day patents procedure is a more sophisticated affair than getting a go-ahead note from the monarch. These days the strict procedures governing whether you get a patent for your revolutionary mouse-trap or solar-powered back-scratcher have been reduced to a pretty exact science.From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost £165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild. That’s if he’s lucky. By no means all who apply to the Patent Office, which is a branch of the Department of Trade, get a patent.A key man at the Patent Office is Bernard Partridge, Principal Examiner (Administration), who boils down to one word the vital ingredient any inventor needs before he can hope to overcome the many hurdles in the complex procedure of obtaining a patent—‘ingenuity’.6. People take out a patent because they want to __________.(A) keep their ideas from being stolen(B) reap the rewards of somebody else’s ingenuity(C) visit the patent office building(D) come up with more new devices7. The phrase ‘the brain-children of inventors’ (para.5) means _________.(A) the children with high intelligence(B) the inventions that people come up with(C) a device that a child believes to be the answer to the energy crisis(D) a lawnmower that an individual has invented to cut grass8. What have the 1600’s machine gun and the present-day laser in common?(A) Both were approved by the monarch.(B) Both were granted by King Henry VI.(C) Both were rejected by the Department of Trade.(D) Both were patented.9. Why is John Utynam still remembered?(A) He is the first person to get a patent for his revolutionary mouse-trap.(B) He is the first person to be granted an official patent.(C) He is the first person to be an officer in the Patent Office.(D) He is the first person to have invented a lawnmower.10. According to the passage, how would you describe the complex procedure of obtaining a patent for an invention?(A) It is rather expensive(B) It is an impossible task.(C) It is extremely difficult.(D) It is very tricky..Questions 11—15All living cells on earth require moisture for their metabolism. Cereal grains when brought in from the field, although they may appear to be dry, may contain 20 per cent of moisture or more. If they are stored in a bin thus, there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects. These insects will, therefore, live and breed and, as they grow and eat the grain, it provides them with biological energy for their life processes. This energy will, just as in man, become manifest as heat. Since the bulk of the grain acts as an insulator, the temperature surrounding the colony of insects will rise so that, not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat. Sometimes, the temperature may even rise to the point where the stored grain catches fire. For safe storage, grain must be dried until its moisture content is 13 per cent or less.Traditional arts of food preservation took advantage of this principle in a number of ways. The plant seeds, wheat, rye, rice, barley millet, maize, are themselves structures evolved by nature to provide stored food. The starch of their endosperm is used for the nourishment of the embryo during the time it over-winters (if it is a plant of the Temperate Zone) and until its new leaves have grown and their chlorophyll can trap energy from the sunlight to nourish the new-grown plant. The separation by threshing and winnowing is, therefore, to some degree part of a technique of food preservation.The direct drying of other foods has also been used. Fish has been dried in many parts of the world besides Africa. Slices of dried meat are prepared by numerous races. Biltong, a form of dried meat, was a customary food for travelers. The drying of meat or fish, either in the sun or over a fire, quite apart from the degree to which it exposes the food to infection by bacteria and infestation by insects, tends also to harm its quality. Proteins are complex molecular structures which are readily disrupted. This is the reason why dried meat becomes tough and can, with some scientific justification, by likened to leather.The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutionscommonly called ‘brine’ does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying, particularly if this is carried out at high temperatures. It is for this reason that many of the typical drying processes are not taken to completion. That is to say, the outer parts may be dried leaving a moist inner section. Under these circumstances, preservation is only partial. The dried food keeps longer than it would have undried but it cannot be kept indefinitely. For this reason, traditional processes are to be found in many parts of the world in which a combination of partial drying and pickling in brine is used. Quite often the drying involves exposure to smoke. Foods treated in this way are, besides fish of various sorts, bacon, hams and numerous types of sausages.11. According to the passage, insects spoil stored cereals by ________.(A) consuming all the grain themselves(B) generating heat and raising the surrounding temperature(C) increasing the moisture content in the grain(D) attacking each other for more grain12. In speaking of the traditional methods of food preservation, the writer ________.(A) expresses doubts about direct smoking(B) describes salting and pickling as ineffective(C) condemns direct drying(D) mentions threshing and winnowing13. Direct drying affects the quality of meat or fish because ________.(A) it exposes them to insects(B) it makes them hard(C) it damages the protein(D) it develops bacteria14. We can learn from the passage that salting preserves food by ________.(A) destroying the protein(B) drawing away moisture from the food(C) drying the food in the sun(D) dressing the food15. According to the passage, partial drying is useful because ________.(A) it damages the protein less(B) it can be combined with pickling(C) it leaves the inside moist(D) it makes the food softQuestions 16—20We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors areconcerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labor? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16. The main purpose of automation is _________.(A) to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled(B) to process information as fast as possible(C) to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism(D) to make an individual man perform many different actions17. The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.(A) their greater speed of operation(B) their control of the product quality(C) their conveyor belt system of continuous production(D) their supervision of industrial installations18. One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is _________.(A) plenty of information(B) surplus human energy(C) destructive outbursts(D) less leisure time19. Which of the following best explains the use of ‘stint’ (para.4)?(A) Effort.(B) Force.(C) Excess.(D) Period.20. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.(B) Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.(C) The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.(D) Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.Questions 21—25The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead; copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone. For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces, rather than pipes. Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics, for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter. While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground, with the pressure increasing in the lower areas, channels cannot. They must slope continuously downwards, because water in channels does not normally flow uphill; and the grade must be flat, from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3,000 in large ones, to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second. Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches. At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome. The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high. Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones. The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome. The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream. It dates back at least to the third century B.C. Later the drains were used for sewage, flushed by water from the public baths and fountains, as well as street storm run-off.The truly surprising aspect of the achievements of all the ancient hydraulic artisans is the lack of theoretical knowledge behind their designs. Apart from the hydrostatics of Archimedes, there was no sound understanding of the most elementary principles of fluid behaviour. Sextus Frontinus, Rome’s water commissioner around A.D. 100, did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section. The Romans’ flow standard was the rate at which water would flow through a bronze pipe roughly 4/3 inch in diameter and 9 inches long. When this pipe was connected to the side of a water-supply pipe or channel as a delivery outlet, it was assumed that the outflow was at the standard rate. In fact, the amount of water delivered depended not only on the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe but also on the speed of water flowing through it and this speed depended on the pressure in the supply pipe.21. The Romans used all of the following to make water pipes EXCEPT _________.(A) earth (B) wood (C) copper (D) stone22. Covered channels were used instead of pipes to supply large quantities of water probably because _________.(A) the Romans could build them more cheaply(B) these channels could follow uneven ground more easily(C) the Romans could not build large pipes。
2011年春季中级口译翻译真题
2011年春季中级口译翻译真题(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：100.00)1. A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cau se is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. A minority, though, are sceptical. Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be. we believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty. There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists. （分数：50.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：( 世界上大部分气候学家已经使他们自己及许多普通民众（包括一些政界人士）确信，地球的气候正处于变化之中；对人类而言，这一变化正日趋严重；罪魁祸首是人类活动，其表现形式为过量排放二氧化碳之类的温室气体。
2011年上海高级口译笔试真题完整版（附答案）
2011年上海高级口译笔试真题完整版（附答案) SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passag e with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard o n the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collecte d the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change t he same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to____ _______(5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a_____ ______(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors, and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___ ________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has______ _____(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment,___________(11).Starting today,tryto get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and___________(12)ris e!Play is known___________(13).Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature.We have the need to play because it is instinctive and___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose_________ __(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________(17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18),curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is bot h a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)o f the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,a nd playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten year s ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the“oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie,unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20th century.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have ev acuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and h eavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security.Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet.(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste.14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D)Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk.16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’education more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D)Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude.2011年上海口译考试高级口译笔试(全真试题+答案)完整版SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passag e with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard o n the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collecte d the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change t he same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to____ _______(5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a_____ ______(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors, and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___ ________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has______ _____(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment,___________(11).Starting today,try to get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and___________(12)ris e!Play is known___________(13).Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature.We have the need to play because it is instinctive and___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose_________ __(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________(17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18),curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is bot h a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)o f the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,a nd playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questionswill be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each q uestion you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten year s ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the“oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie,unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20th century.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have ev acuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and h eavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security.Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet.(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste.14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D)Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk.16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’education more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D)Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude.SECTION2:READING TEST(30minutes)Directions:In this section you will read several passages.Each one is followed by se veral questions about it.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C)or(D),to ea ch question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is state d or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the co rresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1—5Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need s pend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler sta rting to talk.No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts,mo st keep on trying,determined to master their amazing new skill.It is only several years l ater,around the start of middle or junior high school,many psychologists and teachers ag ree,that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up j oining the ranks of underachievers.For the parents of such kids,whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their children’s success,it can be a bewildering,painful experience.So it’s no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that,just maybe,ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.It’s not quite that simple.“Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity,but they can’t be forced,”says Jacquelynne Eccles,a psycholo gy professor at the University of Michigan,who led a landmark,25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts.Even so,a growing num ber of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in student s who don’t seem to have much.They say that by instilling confidence,encouraging some risk taking,being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful,both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step.Assuming that a kid doesn’t suff er from an emotional or learning disability,or isn’t involved in some family crisis at hom e,many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressu re that conveys the message that doing well academically somehow isn’t cool.“Kids get s o caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb,and it bloc ks them from thinking about the long term,”says Carol Dweck,a psychology professor at Stanford.“You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.”Over the past couple of years,Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with Ne w York City public school seventh-graders to do just that.Dubbed Brainology,the unorth odox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life.“The message is that everything is within the kids’control,that their intelligence is malleable,”says Lisa Blackwell,a research scientist at Co lumbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program,which h as helped increase the students’interest in school and turned around their declining mathgrades.More than any teacher or workshop,Blackwell says,“parents can play a critical r ole in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort,strategy and progr ess rather than emphasizing their‘smartness’or praising high performance alone.Most of all,parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system,with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability,also bears blame for the disappearan ce of drive in some kids.“These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who are n’t considered gifted and talented.They destroy their confidence,”says Jeff Howard,a soc ial psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute,a Boston-area organization that wor ks with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve childre n’s academic performance.Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids t o a world beyond homework and tests,through volunteer work,sports,hobbies and other extracurricular activities.“The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,”says Michael Nakkual,a Harvard educatio n professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF(Inventing the Fu ture),which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations.Thekey to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwo rk is irrelevant,to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it.Like any ambitious toddler,they need to understand that you have tolearn to walk before you can run.1.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?(A)Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition.(B)How a baby learns to walk and talk.(C)Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.(D)Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2.According to some educators and psychologists,all of the following would be help ful to cultivate students’ambition to succeed EXCEPT________.(A)stimulating them to build up self-confidence(B)cultivating the attitude of risk taking(C)enlarging the areas for children to succeed(D)making them understand their family crisis3.What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children?(A)A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the student’s failure.(B)Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience.(C)Looking smart is more important for young people at school.(D)To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4.The word“malleable”in the clause“that their intelligence is malleable,”(para.3) most probably means capable of being________.(A)altered and developed(B)blocked and impaired(C)sharpened and advanced(D)replaced and transplanted5.The expression“to disabuse them of the notion”(para.4)can be paraphrased as__ ______.(A)to free them of the idea(B)to help them understand the idea(C)to imbue them with the notion(D)to inform them of the concept Questions6—10Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had someth ing else to worry about last week:the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the g overnment has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavi or.All but Google have handed over data,and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not relat ed to national security,but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornogr aphy.In1998,Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act(COPA),but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns.In its appeal,the DOJ wan ts to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore.In order to conduct a cont rolled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wa nts to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines.It would then use those terms to do its own searches,employing the different kinds of filters ea ch search engine offers,in an attempt to quantify how often“material that is harmful to minors”might appear.Google contends that since it is not a party to the case,the govern ment has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test.“We intend t o resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actu al search terms,and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determi ne the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.)Originally,the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July2005;the request has been sc aled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites,the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net.“We think that o ur filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam,group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related tes t,it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and,perhaps,subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching.What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?Says the DOJ’sMiller,“I’m assuming that if something raised alarms,we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld,it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior.One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information,but the company hopes to eventually use the p ersonal information of consenting customers to improve search performance.“Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl,an Electronic Frontier Foundation a ttorney.“They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”6.When the American government asked Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior,the major intention is_________.(A)to protect national security(B)to help protect personal freedom(C)to monitor Internet pornography(D)to implement the Child Online Protection Act7.Google refused to turn over“its proprietary information”(para.2)required by DOJ a s it believes that________.(A)it is not involved in the court case(B)users’privacy is most important(C)the government has violated the First Amendment(D)search terms is the company’s business secret8.The phrase“scaled back to”in the sentence“the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para.3)can be replaced by_________.(A)maximized to(B)minimized to(C)returned to(D)reduced to9.In the sentence“One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4),the expression“sink its own case”most probably means that_________.(A)counterattack the opposition(B)lead to blocking of porn sites(C)provide evidence to disprove the case(D)give full ground to support the case10.When Kurt Opsahl says that“They should be able to take advantage of the Inter net without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5),the express ion“Big Brother”is used to refer to_________.(A)a friend or relative showing much concern(B)a colleague who is much more experienced(C)a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D)a benevolent and democratic organizationQuestions11—15On New Year’s Day,50,000inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch.This was not s ome mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions.It was an extraordinary human itarian gesture:the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charit y Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5million Kenyans who,because of a severe drou ght,are threatened with starvation.The drought is big news in Africa,affecting huge area s of east Africa and the Horn.If you are reading this in the west,however,you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories.Even if you do know about th e drought,you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportiona tely:the pastoralists.There are20million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight enc apsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance of governments,aid agencies and foreign l enders to support the herders’traditional way of life.Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists,even though it has been demonstrate d time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and thatmoving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often more productive,in terms of protein and cash per hectare,than Australian,American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions.They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies.In Kenya,for example,the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth$800million peryear.In countries such as Burkina Faso,Eritrea and Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists’her ds make up over10per cent of export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits.One reason is that only a trickle of th e profits goes to the herders themselves;the lion’s share is pocketed by traders.This is p artly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famin e,when they need the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in this situation never w ork in their favour.Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the pro blems in the1960s,investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work.Firstly,no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wante d.Secondly,rearing livestock took precedence over human progress.The policies and strat egies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their col onial predecessors.They were based on two false assumptions:that pastoralism is primitiv e and inefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to m odern ranching models;and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching.They cannot.Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message.One example is i ntervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remain ing livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive(the problem in Afric an famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it).Another examp。
春季上海中高级口译考试真题及答案解析汇总
春季上海中高级口译考试真题及答案解析汇总2011年春季中级口译真题翻译原文及参考答案2011年春季中级口译考试听力S-T小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力P-T第一篇小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力P-T第二篇小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力T&C小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力Spot小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力Statements小评2011年春季中级口译考试翻译原文和参考答案(沪江版)2011年春季中级口译考试听力原文及评析2011年春季中级口译考试听力单句听译SD点评2011年春季中级口译考试听力详细笔记2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第一篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第二篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第三篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第四篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第五篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第六篇简述2011年春季上海高级口译考试真题及答案解析汇总1 2011年春季高级口译真题翻译原文及参考答案查看2 2011年3月高级口译听力Spot Dictation原文(昂立教育版) 查看3 2011年3月高级口译听力Spot Dictation原文(沪江) 查看4 2011年3月高级口译听力上半场第二部分原文(沪江) 查看5 2011年3月高级口译听力上半场第四篇原文(昂立教育版) 查看6 2011年3月高级口译句子听译原文和答案(沪江) 查看7 2011年3月高级口译段落听译原文和答案(沪江) 查看8 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第一篇原文(新东方版) 查看9 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第三篇原文(新东方版) 查看10 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第四篇原文(新东方版) 查看11 2011年3月高级口译翻译原文和参考答案(新东方版) 查看12 2011年3月高级口译阅读下半场第一篇原文及解析(新东方版) 查看13 2011年3月高级口译阅读下半场第二篇原文及解析(新东方版) 查看14 2011年3月高级口译翻译原文和参考答案(沪江版) 查看15 2011年3月高级口译英译汉的八大难词分析查看考试大口译笔译站点收集整理。
2011秋季英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段模考答案
2011秋季英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段模考答案上海新东方学校英语综合能力部口译研究中心权威发布（2011.9）SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1.makes them unique2.most of us3.translator4.typewriter5.By adding software6.two basic kinds7.operating system8.covers the basics9.more useful10.edit a photo11.fit with12.No computer nerds required13.essentiallypleting the constructions15.add and remove16.this combination17.not limited to18.brings them to live19.personalized and useful20.into instructionsPart B: Listening ComprehensionKey: CBBCA DCADB1. 1. Statements2.Most computers use Windows, but people who may want to buy the newversionVistafor an existing computer first have to make sure that the machine can support it.3.The greatness of a people is no more determined by their number than thegreatness of a man is determined by his height.4.What should concern you is if your boss criticizes you personally, rather than yourwork.5.Interview is a key part of the selection process. However good you appear onpaper, it’s how you present yourself in person that’s likely to be decisive in yoursuccess.6.You ought to know better than to trust her again. After all, she has lied to you forso many times.7. A research conducted at 31 schools over the past decade has found that nearly 70percent of students admit to cheating at some point during college and over 15percent report that they were repetitive cheaters.st but not least, I could not agree to your suggestion of such proceedings, muchless participate in them.9.I needn’t have worried. The food was as good as ever and the atmosphere stillcongenial. The evening was a great success in every way.10.Another thing recent grads struggle with is not having control over their schedules,which may mean giving up weekends and working late nights on short notice.11.In 2001, 42.5 million people paid 10% or more of the family’s net income inmedical expenses. Between 2000 and 2003, seven in ten adults were driven intodebt by medical expenses.1. 2. Talks and ConversationsKEY: BACD BCAD DBAD CDBB CBADQuestions 11—14W: Hello. I’m here for an allergy medication. The nurse sent me---I think her name was Margaret---in the student clinic. She said I didn’t need a prescription, and that you would know the right medication. It’s for allergies, for my itchy nose and burning eyes. I’ve been having sneezing fits, and it’s driving me crazy.M: All right. I think she means the new product, the really strong one.W: Maybe that’s the one. She says it really works for allergies.M: All right. We have---you have a choice actually of capsules or tablets. There’s no difference in price.W: It doesn’t matter. Hmm…capsules, I guess.M: All right. Now, this is a powerful drug, so you need only---no more than two capsules every six hours. And you shouldn’t d rink alcohol, drive a car, or operate machinery.W: Uh oh! I have a big test tomorrow! I don’t know…if this is going to make me drowsy…Do you have anything else that’s effective but won’t knock me out?M: Nothing that will relieve your symptoms like this d rug. Why don’t you---you could take two capsules three or four hours before your test. That way, the drug’s still working, but the drowsiness has mostly worn off when you take your test.W: Ok. Well, I guess I have no choice. I can’t start sneezing during the test.11. Why does the woman need the medication?12. What does the man imply about the medication?13. What is the woman afraid of?14. What will the woman probably do?Questions 15—18In order to know how behavior patterns can be changed, the clinical psychologist has to know what causes the client to behave the way he or she does. Identifying the cause is called diagnosis. In diagnosis a psychologist uses two basic tools: interviews and psychological tests. Through interviews and tests, the psychologist tries to classify the problem to see if it falls into any known categories.A psychologist may also attempt to describe the client’s personality in terms of how he or she deals with life. For example, some people like to lead, and some prefer to follow the lead of others. Some people are active and outgoing, while others are quiet and reflective.In a diagnostic interview, the psychologist takes the client’s case history. This means learning how the client got along with parents, teachers, and friends, as well as how the person handled difficult situations in the past.Psychological testing is the other way that a psychologist tries to diagnose the client’s problems. Clinical psychologists have developed test that can help them learn about a person’s intelligence and personality, as well as tests that show whether a person’s behavior or perception is influenced by emotions, disabilities, or other factors.Personality testing is useful in discovering how the client tries to adjust to life. Personality tests can reveal unconscious feelings the person is unable to talk about. This information can be important and could help shorten the length of treatment required.15. What is the purpose of the lecture?16. How do clinical psychologists diagn ose a client’s problems?17. Why does the professor discuss taking a client’s case history?18. According to the professor, why are personality tests useful?Questions 19—22M: Jackie, I wonder if I could talk to you about something.W: Sure. What’s on your mind?M: There’s an opening at channel 12 that kind of interests me—an internship. I was kind of thinking of applying for it.W: You mean the television station? What sort of job? Oh, I hope that doesn’t mean you’ll have to leave us!M: No, no, I wou ldn’t quit my job. It’s a part-time internship for production assistant. Production work, general stuff…probably mostly I’d be a gofer.W: I see.M: Anyway, it’d be a way in the door. Unfortunately, it’s not a paid internship, but that doesn’t matter. It’s the experience---the chance to work in television---that’s more important to me right now. Some day I’d like to write, or produce. I probably don’t stand much of a chance, though. I’m sure there’ll be lots of other people who apply, with more qualifications than me.W: Don’t be so sure about that. You never know. Sometimes it’s not the credentials but the person who matters. My friend got a really good job in the mayor’s office---public relations, a power position---and before that the only work she’d done was emergencyrescue---evacuating people in helicopters! Flood victims, accidents and the like. And thenshe goes and lands this glamour job in the mayor’s office, with no experience in politics whatsoever!M: Wow!W: Yeah. So you can never tell.M: Still, I’m going to need all the help I can get. If only I could…uh…convince them of how much---I need them to know how much this would mean to me. I was wondering, Jackie, if you…W: You want a recommendation?M: Uh, yeah, like I said, I need all the help I can get.W: I’d be happy to do what I can. I feel I know y our work pretty well. Here in the lab you’ve always been good at troubleshooting, and helping people figure out their e-mail. I can emphasize that in the letter. When do you need this?M: Um…by the e nd of the week? The application is due next Tuesday.W: All right, Alex. I hope this will work out for youM: If not this, then something else.W: There you go. That’s the spirit!19. What is the conversation mainly about?20. Why does the man want to get the internship?21. Why does the woman tell a story about her friend?22. What does the man want the woman to do?Questions 23—26Researchers study television to understand its effects on viewers and to measure its effectiveness in selling products. Much of the research on TV audiences is market research, paid for by corporations with something to sell. Let me repeat: research on television is funded largely by advertisers.The television industry depends on advertising money to survive, and this relationship influences what television offers viewers. Advertisers aim to reach mass audiences and specific social groups. In turn, the television industry tries to meet the needs of advertisers, because pleasing the advertisers is nearly as important as pleasing the public. This means advertisers have a lot of control over what programs are made and when they are shown.The American television industry is controlled by people who are more interested in the culture of consumerism than in preserving cultures or natural resources. I mean, for the first time in history, most of the stories children learn don’t come from their parents or schools; they come from a small number of large corporations with something to sell. And this culture of consumerism is exported to other countries.Television is the most effective marketing tool ever created. Many advertisements apply basic psychology by sort of appealing to out insecurities and desires. Ads convince us that the things we once thought were luxuries are now necessities. Television is highly skilled at creating images of affluence, not just in the ads, but in the programs as well. Using sophisticated market research, programmers and advertisers sort of paint a picture of life centered on material possessions. This kind of life may look glamorous and desirable, but it’s all at the expense of personal relationships.As you probably can tell, I tend to agree with critics of the media. Advertising does create false needs, and products we really need don’t require advertisin g. Television promotes consumerism. It shows us things, things, and more things. It encourages greed and envy. Television helps create a wasteful society, where things are thrown out long before they are worn out.23. What is the main idea of the lecture?24. According to the professor, why do researchers study television?25. According to the professor, why do advertisers have control over television programming?26. What is the professor’s opinion of television?Questions 27—30M: Excuse me, Dr. Kilmer. Do you have a minute?W: Hello, Darren. Come on in, have a seat. What can I do for you?M: Well, it’s about my midterm grade for organizational psychology. I…I’m surprised it’s so…low. I feel like I’ve been working pretty hard in this class.W: I see. Well, let’s go back and have another look at each of your assignments…here we go. Ok, I’ve pulled up your record. Hmm..you had a C on the midterm exam and a B on your first assignment.M: Yeah, that was the paper about the interview. I talked to a woman at a bio-research firm.W: Yes, I remember that paper. You must have learned some useful things. But unfortunately, Darren, I don’t have any record here for the second and third assignments. They were due on October 1st and the 13th.M: I know…but I’ve been sort of busy. My younger brother’s starting classes here in January, and I have to show him around and help him find a place to live. He’s staying with me for now, but he doesn’t have a car, so I have to drive him.W: Can’t your brother take the bus some of the time?M: Uh, it’s really hard. He’s my brother, and he’s had some problems in the past. My parents want me to help him get settled. They live two thousand miles away.W: I see. That does make it tough.M: I’d like to…Would it be all right if I made up those two papers? I started the first one, but I just didn’t get everything typed up.W: Yes, of course you can make up the work, but it would be best if you did that as soon as possible. Remember, these short papers, together with the long term paper, count for 50% of your final grade.M: I know. And I need my final grade to be better than my midterm grade. Don’t worry. I’ll get it together. I really like this class…I just have to get more organized.W: Well, good luck, Darren. I’m glad you came to talk to me.M: Thanks, Dr. Kilmer. I appreciate your time.27. Why does the student speak to his professor?28. What reason does the student give for not completing his assignments?29. When were the assignments due?30. What point does the professor make ab out the student’s work?Part C: Listening and Translation1. 1. Sentence Translation1.Bosses often see their small business as an extension of family, and aremindful that they compete with large companies and need to put forward aprofessional image.小企业主往往把公司看作家庭的延伸，并很在意与大企业竞争时要表现出专业的形象。
11年9月中级口译笔试真题答案
(C) The chairman described what the company would do in the years to come.(D) The chairman decided to contend against the company's development strategy.对于商务场景的词汇要熟悉，board chairman董事会主席，outline概述。
习惯表达2. You needn‟t notify the maintaining office about the fixing of the faucet in the washroom. I can get Tom to take care of it. He is really handy.2. (A) Someone from the maintenance office will fix the faucet.(B) Tom will phone the maintenance office for you.(C) I will get up early and have the faucet repaired for you.(D) I will ask Tom to repair the faucet in the washroom.关键词:notify通知，faucet龙头，handy能干的。
.习惯表达3. Although the accountant promised to help by all he could, the auditor called into question the accuracy of the figures in the books.3. (A) The auditor doubted if the figures were accurate.(B) The auditor asked the accountant a couple of questions.(C) The auditor promised to help the accountant with the figures.(D) The auditor called the accountant about the accuracy of the figures.call into question等于doubt。
2011年9月上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题试卷(精选)(题后含答案及解析)
2011年9月上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. 口译题口译题Part A Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal.., and stop it at the signal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.听力原文：Many people who do yoga are looking not inward but outward for a good shape．This provokesa cultural clash of the East and the West．The Indian tradition develops ways of describing the body as it is experienced，from the inside out．The Western tradition looks at the body from the outside in，and peels it back one layer at a time，and it believes only what it can see．The East treats the person；the West treats the disease．Yoga relaxes you and，by relaxing，heals．// When you do yoga--the deep breathing，the stretching，the movements that release muscle tension，and so on—you initiate a process that turns the fight system off and turns the relaxation response on，that has a dramatic effect on the body．The heartbeat siows，respiration decreases，blood pressure decreases．The body seizes this chance to turn on the healing mechanisms．Yogaoffers modern men and women a moment of relaxation when noise and agitation are everywhere．1．Passage 1正确答案：许多瑜珈练习者并不在意瑜珈的内涵，而更注重它给自己身体带来的外在变化。
中级口译spot dictation真题+评析
9月中级口译spot dictation真题+评析2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，考后考试大将为考生第一时间提供真题、解析、答案，敬请关注。
本文内容为2011年9月中级口译spot dictation真题。
Spot DictationIn America there are no nobles or men of letters, and the common folk mistrust the wealthy; Consequently lawyers form the highest political class and the most cultivated circle of society. They have therefore nothing to gain by innovation, which adds a conservative interest to their natural taste for public order. If I were asked where I place the American aristocracy, I should reply without hesitation that it is not composed of the rich, who are united together by no common tie, but that it occupies the judicial bench and the bar.When I started researching this topic, I found an interesting website “Legal Reform Now”. As the n ame suggests, this website is devoted to legal reform and it is definitely concerned about the dominance of lawyers in American government. There I read an article by a political science professor from the university of Wisconsin. One observation the UW article confirms is that the legal profession is the dominant profession of the people re-elect to public office. For example, about half our representatives and two-thirds of our senators are lawyers. No other profession comes close to having the same the number of people in political office. Effectively, lawyers form our nation’s most powerful organized political constituency in America. Lawyers make our laws and lawyers interpret our laws. When judges are appointed, the American bar association is the only professional organization that is consulted to rate the fitness of potential judicial appointees. Our nation has been in existence for over 200 years and lawyers have been this nation’s aristocracy since its formation. Oursystem works, but do we really want to have a single profession in charge of our nation? Specifically, do we want to have the legal profession in charge? Next time you vote, that’s something to think about.评析：这篇文章是关于律师在美国的地位。
中级口译真题(翻译部分)
中级口译真题（翻译部分）中级口译实考试题汇编（翻译部分）贷款问题十六2004．09 美国人口问题上海某公司简介十七2005．03 美国人对总统的期望值香港的文化氛围十八2005．09 美国劳动力市场竞争残酷中国与亚欧各国的合作互助十九2006．03 肥胖问题上海繁荣发展二十2006．09 物质文化和非物质文化的定义胡锦涛主席在耶鲁大学的演讲－夸耶鲁大学二一2007.03 古董文物价格世博会二二2007.09 美国贫富心态中国和平发展不怕苦，吃苦半辈子，怕吃苦，吃苦一辈子！0409 翻译部分As individuals and as a nation, we're defined by the choices we make. And too often, by the tough decisions we avoid. Most of us have avoided even thinking about how our rapidly growingpopulation is affecting our quality of life and shaping our society.Our population has more than doubled since World War II, and at this rate, we could be on our way to 1 billion people living in the United States by the end of the century. Our population growth, driven in part by unchecked immigration, is already straining our healthcare and educational systems and, less noticeably —but far more important —putting a heavy burden on our natural resources.All these pressures on our resources will only worsen unless our leaders begin a national dialogue on the future of this country and start making the tough choices. Politicians are avoiding debate on these issues because they are the most difficult ones to confront. In campaign debating, these are wedge issues. But failure to come to terms with them will drive a wedge between all of us and a prosperous, healthy future for this country.我们作为个人和一个国家（民族），其特性表现为我们所做的选择，而且还常常表现为我们不想/避免做出的艰难决定（来确定的）。
2011年3月中级口译笔试真题完整版(含答案)-推荐下载
2011年3月中级口译笔试真题完整版（含答案） SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes) Part A: Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. My topic for today’s lecture is communication, culture and work. When most people use the word culture, they think of people from different national backgrounds. National cultures certainly do exist and they play an important role in shaping the way people communicate, but there are other dimensions of culture too. Within a nation, regional differences can exert a powerful influence on communication. New Yorkers and Alaskans may find one another’s styles of behaving so different that they might as well be from different countries. Race and ethnicity can also shape behavior. So can age. The customs, values and attitudes of a twenty-year-old girl may vary radically from those of her parents who were raised in the 1960s or her grandparents who lived through the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ. Still, other differences can create distinctive cultures. Gender, sexual orientation, physical disabilities, religion and socio-economic background are just a few. All of these factors lead to a definition of culture as a set of values, beliefs, norms, customs, rules and codes that lead people to define themselves as a distinct group, giving them a sense of commonality. It’s important to realize that culture is learned, not innate. A Korean-born infant adopted soon after her birth by American parents and raised in the United States will think and act differently than his or her cousins who grew up in Seoul. An African American who grew up in the inner city will view the world differently than he or she would if raised in the suburbs or in a country like France where African heritage has different significance than it does in the United States. The norms and values we learn as part of our cultural conditioning shape the way we view the world and the way we interact with one another. In short, culture has such an overwhelming influence on communication that famous anthropologist Edward Hall once remarked, ‘culture is communication and communication is culture.’ 【解析】 作为中口笔试听力第一题Spot Dictation，考试选用了文化题材的内容，考生对此类型题材应该并不陌生，但若不集中注意力，也会比较难把握文章的层次。
2011年上海中级口译翻译练习
（一）1 Covering an area of 175 acres , the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35 feet high. 2 The farm was ringing with the sound of the iron gong and they could see the laborers pouring out of their huts, pointing at the hills and shouting excitedly. 3 I walked the unemployment lines the other day to talk to this American，who was depressed, pained and bewildered. 4 Not knowing where the supermarket was, he couldn’t buy what he needs. 5 There are variety of means to accomplish students’ employability, including helping students to acquire well-developed communication skills, research capabilities, and analytical abilities. 1 该宫殿占地面积175英亩，四周为超过35英尺高的墙壁所围绕。
2农场里响起了铁锣声，而这时，他们可以看到劳工从棚屋中倾巢而出，指着小山并激动地呼喊着。
3前几天我走近失业人群并同这位美国人进行了交谈。
他看上去神情沮丧，疲劳不堪并且处于迷茫彷徨之中。
4 由于他不知道超市在哪里，他不能购买到所需要的东西。
5帮助学生获得受雇就业能力的方法有很多种，其中包括帮助他们获得良好的沟通技能、研究能力以及分析能力。
2011年3月上海中级口译答案
2011年3月中级口译真题SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)Part A: Spot Dictation in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.My topic for today s lecture is “Communication, Culture and Work”. When most People use the word culture, they think of people from different ________ (1). National cultures certainly do exist, and they play an important role in shaping the way ________ (2). But there are other dimensions of culture too. Within a nation, ________ (3) can exert a powerful influence on communication. New Yorkers and Alaskans may find one another s styles of behaving ________(4) that they might as well be from different countries. Race and ethnicity can also ________ (5). So can age: the customs, values, and attitudes of a 20-year-old girl may ________ (6) radically from those of her parents who were raised in the ________ (7), or her grandparents, who lived through ________ (8) and World War II. Still other differences can create distinctive cultures: gender, sexual orientation, ________ (9), religion, and socioeconomic background are just a few.All of these factors lead to a ________ (10) as a set of values, beliefs, norms, customs, rules, and codes that lead people to define themselves as ________ (11), giving them a sense of commonality. It s important to realize that culture is learned. ________ (12). A Korean-born infant adopted soon aider birth by American parents and raised in the United States will ________ (13) differently than his or her cousins who grew up in Seoul. An African-American who ________ (14) in the inner city will view the world differently than he or she would if raised ________ (15)--or in a country like France, where ________ (16) has different significance than it does in the United States.The ________ (17) we learn as part of our cultural conditioning shape the way we view the world and the way we ________ (18). In short, culture has such an ________ (19) on communication that famous anthropologist Edward Hall once remarked “________ (20) and communication is culture”.Part B: Listening Comprehension1. Statements In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) I d like to make an appointment Monday morning.(B) I must finish typing before going to bed.(C) I have to work overtime this weekend.(D) I decide to sleep this weekend away.2. (A) I am interested in the vehicles on the street.(B) I don t want to complain about the noise here.(C) The noise of traffic disturbs my work. (D) Traffic never stops passing by.3. (A) It requires imagination in learning a language.(B) It takes time and effort to learn a language.(C) The cultural differences are more important.(D) Learning a language can be easier than anyone thinks.4. (A) Talking with your boss will be part of our company s business activities.(B) Investing in that project will help your company and mine as well.(C) Turning the project into a profit-making is on the top of our long-term plan.(D) Doing business with your company will benefit both of us in the long run.5. (A) The invoice should include the legal fee and the agent s commission.(B) The price we quoted should be lower, as we missed a few items.(C) We got more money from them than we had expected.(D) We should send the invoice as soon as we receive the payment.6. (A) Working abroad is not always a requirement of foreign language teachers.(B) When you arrive in a foreign country, you must find a job first.(C) The advantage of working abroad is fluency in other languages.(D) The mastering of a foreign language will help you find a job overseas.7. (A) We cannot beat our competitor because of a staff shortage.(B) We should be prepared to sign the business contract.(C) We sometimes make a deal with one of our rivals.(D) We are happy to see that our rival has gone bankrupt.8. (A) Our collaboration depends on a mutual understanding of our differences.(B) Our differences are deeply rooted, and we are unable to continue our collaboration.(C) We must first prepare a memorandum for a common view of our problems.(D) We understand that we must share the cost of our collaboration in the future.9. (A) Although we spend much on the project, a 10% budget increase is neck.(B) At least 10% of the expenses should be devoted to solving the problem.(C) With such a big order, we demand a discount which is 10 % or more.(D) We ask for a 10% discount, which has caused all the trouble on our side.10. (A) To lose one pound of weight, you need to walk up to 10 hours.(B) One-hour walk at a moderate pace will burn up 3500 calories.(C) You should limit your intake of food to 300 to 350 calories daily.(D) Walking an hour every day can burn up 350 pounds a month. 2. Talks and Conversations In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11-1411. (A) To advise her to work in a showroom.(B) To help her understand the product. (C) To invite her to visit a trade fair.(D) To expound the details of the catalogue.12. (A) A healthcare worker.(B) A company consultant.(C) A lawyer.(D) A salesman.13. (A) Tomorrow afternoon.(B) Next week.(C) Coming Tuesday.(D) In ten days.14. (A) At the woman s office.(B) At the main gate.(C) Inside the parking lot.(D) Inside the showroom.Questions 15-1815. (A) It is a friendly face or a clever joke.(B) It is a facial expression involving 43 muscles.(C) It is an exercise of facial muscles when passing wind.(D) It is a natural reaction to a positive moment.16. (A) The muscle raises the sides of the mouth.(B) The muscles run all the way around the mouth.(C) you only show your lower teeth.(D) Your eyes are wide open.17. (A) It is a morning smile.(B) It is an afternoon smile.(C) It is a fake smile.(D) It is a genuine smile.18. (A) You smile politely when you happen to see someone you know.(B) A fake smile never looks quite the same as a real one.(C) Flight attendants may welcome passengers with the same, forged smile.(D) Every human being is born with the ability to smile.Questions 19-2219. (A) She has been to a concert.(B) She has met the new neighbors.(C) She has had to stay indoors. (D) She has helped the man with house chores.20. (A) She d like to inquire about an open-door concert.(B) She wants to complain about the cold weather.(C) She asks the man to buy a concert ticket in advance.(D) She invites the man to go to the concert in London. 21. (A) They are better.(B) They are less cultured.(C) They talk more.(D) They look younger.22. (A) It is petrol-consuming.(B) It is fast.(C) It is second-hand.(D) It is too bigQuestions 23-2623. (A) Because their anxiety makes them less efficient than normal.(B) Because their ability to reason overshadows their anxiety for the test.(C) Because they cannot sleep well the night before the actual test.(D) Because they cannot get necessary assistance from other students.24. (A) You have to be honest and confident.(B) You have to be clever and brilliant.(C) You need to learn the techniques of test taking.(D) You need to observe and practise the school rules.25. (A) They often interfere with school games.(B) They have actual meaning in the real world.(C) They don t have a format and governing rules.(D) They can be as entertaining as crossword puzzles.26. (A) Learning to absorb and retrieve information.(B) Developing confidence to solve problems.(C) Figuring out school tests.(D) Spotting dishonesty in a test.Questions 27-3027. (A) She was disgusted by the movie crew.(B) She was asked to act in a movie on the spot.(C) She saw a movie being shot around town.(D) She had an accident while diving through town.28. (A) The director himself.(B) The woman s twin sister.(C) A woman in pajamas.(D) A man from the crowd. 29. (A) She had to look disgusted and walk away.(B) She had to stay outside for some time.(C) She had to identify the person in the booth.(D) She had to put up a face in front of the camera.30. (A) Police and driver.(B) Director and actress.(C) Performers. (D) Colleagues.Part C: Listening and TranslationI. Sentence Translation In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)II. Passage Translation In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (45 minutes) questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5Around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year, World Health Organization (WHO) researchers said on Friday. In the fast study to assess the global impact of second-hand smoke, WHO experts found that children are more heavily exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it.“Two-thirds of th ese deaths occur in Africa and South Asia,” the researchers, led by Annette Pruss-Ustun of the WHO in Geneva, wrote in their study.Children s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and t obacco “seems to be a deadly combination for children in these regions”, they said.While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed toward poor and middle-in come countries, deaths in adults were spread across countries at all income levels.In Europe s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35.388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries assessed in Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children compared with 9,514 in adults.Pruss-Ustun urged countries to enforce the WHO s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which includes higher tobacco taxes, plain packaging and advertising bans. among other steps.“Policymakers should bear in mind that enforcing complete smoke-free laws will probably substantially reduce the number of deaths attributable to exposure to second-hand smoke within the first year of its implementation, with accompanying reduction in costs of illness in social and health systems,” she wrote.Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in jurisdictions with comprehensive smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always robustly enforced.In places where smoke free rules are adhered to, research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said.Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher success rates in those trying to quit.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Lack of enforcement of smoke-free laws.(B) protection of children from second-hand smoke.(C) Exposure to and deaths from passive smoking.(D) Impact of second-hand smoke in European and Aft-lean countries.2. Where do children most likely suffer the exposure to second-hand smoke?(A) In their schools.(B) in their homes.(C) in bars and restaurants.(D) In disease-infected areas.3. Apart from passive smoking, what is also responsible for the high death rate of African andSouth Asian children?(A) Long-term starvation.(B) Active smoking.(C) Poor parental care.(D) infectious diseases.4. According to the passage, mortality in children due to passive smoking _______.(A) is partly attributable to their active use of tobacco(B) is similar in countries at all income levels(C) is controlled in some South Asian countries(D) is low in high-income countries5. In the last few paragraphs, the author gets it across to the reader that smoke-free laws_______.(A) have worked reasonably well so far(B) leave much to be desired(C) should be enforced rigorously (D) should be made with cautionQuestions 6-10There are still many things that Peter Cooke would like to try his hand at--paper—making and feather-work are on his list. For the moment though, he will stick to the skill that he has been delighted to perfect over the past ten years: making delicate and unusual objects out of shells.“Tell me if I am boring you,” he says, as he leads me round h is apartment showing me his work. There is a fine line between being a bore and being an enthusiast, but Cooke need not worry: he fits into the latter category, helped both by his charm and by the beauty of the things he makes.He points to a pair of shell--covered ornaments above a fireplace. I shan t be at all bothered if people don t buy them because I have got so used to them, and to me they re adorable. I never meant to sell my work commercially. Some friends came to see me about five years ago and said.“You must have an exhibition---people ought to see these. We ll talk to a man who owns an art gallery”. The result was an exhibition in London, at which 70 per cent of the objects were sold. His second exhibition opened at the gallery yesterday. Considering the enormous prices the pieces command--around ￡2,000 for the ornaments---and empty space above the fireplace would seem a small sacrifice for Cooke to make.There are 86 pieces in the exhibition, with prices starting at ￡225 for a shell-flower in crystal vase. Cooke insists that he has nothing to do with the prices and is cheerily open about their level: he claims there is nobody else in the world who produces work like his, and, as the gallery-owner told him, “Well, you re going to stop one day an d everybody will want your pieces because there won t be any more.”“I do wish, though,” says Cooke, “that I d taken this up a lot earlier, because then I would have been able to produce really wonderful things--at least the potential would have been there. Although the ideas are still there and I m doing the best I can now, I m more limited physically. than I was when I started.” Still, the work that he has managed to produce is a long way from the common shell constructions that can be found in seaside s hops. “I have a miniature mind.” He says, and this has resulted in boxes covered in thousands of tiny shells, little shaded pictures made from shells and baskets of astonishingly realistic flowers.6. What does the reader learn about Peter Cooke in the first paragraph?(A) He has produced hand-made objects in different materials.(B) He has been praised for his shell objects.(C) He hopes to work with other materials in the future.(D) He has written about his love of making shell objects.7. When looking round his apartment, the writer _______.(A) is attracted by Cooke and his works(B) senses that Cooke wants his products to be admired(C) finds Cooke s work boring(D) feels uncertain about giving Cooke his opinion8. The small sacrifice (para. 3) refers to _______ above the fireplace.(A) the absence of Cooke s ornaments(B) the display of Cooke s ornaments(C) the keeping of Cooke s ornaments(D) the space required to store Cooke s ornaments9. When the writer enquires about the prices of his shell objects, Cooke _______.(A) cleverly changes the subject.(B) defends the pricing of his works.(C) says he has no idea why the prices are so high.(D) notes that his works will not be so expensive.10. What does Cooke regret about his work?(A)He is not as famous as he should have been.(B) He makes less money than he should make.(C) He is less imaginative than he used to be.(D)He is not as skilful as he used to be.Questions 11-15In the information technology industry it is widely acknowledged that how Well IT departments of the future can fulfil their business goals will depend not on the regular updating of technology, which is essential for them to an out on now well they can hold on to the people skilled at manipulating the newest technology. This is becoming more difficult. Best estimates of the current shortfall in IT staff in the UK are between 30,000 and 50,000, and growing.And there is no end to the problem in sight. A severe industry-wide lack of investment in training means the long-term skills base is both ageing and shrinking. Employers are chasing experienced staff in ever-decreasing circles, and according to a recent government report, 250,000 new IT jobs will be created over the next decade.Most employers are confining themselves to dealing with the immediate problems. There is little evidence, for example, that they are stepping up their intake of raw recruits for in-house training, or re-training existing staff from other functions. This is the course of action recommended by the Computer Software Services Association, but research shows its members are adopting the short-term measure of bringing in more and more consultants on a contract basis. However, this approach is becoming less and less acceptable as the general shortage of skills, coupled with high demand, sends contractor rates soaring. “An experienced contract programmer. for example, can now earn at least double the current permanent salary.With IT professionals increasingly attracted to the financial rewards and flexibility of consultancy work, average staff turnover rates are estimated to be around 15%. While many companies in the financial services sector are managing to contain their losses by offering skilled IT staff golden handcuffs ----deferred loyalty bonuses that tie them in until a certain date---other organisations, like local governments, are unable to match the competitive salaries and perks on offer in the private sector and contractor market, and are suffering turnover rates of up to 60% a year.Many industry experts advise employers to link bonuses to performance wherever possible. However, employers are realising that bonuses will only succeed if they are accompanied by other incentives such as attractive career prospects, training, and challenging work that meets the individual s long-term ambition. This means managers need to allocate assignments more strategically and think about advancing their staff as well as their business. Some employers advocate giving key employees projects that would normally be handled by people with slightly more experience or capability. For many employers, however, the urgency of the problem demands a more immediate solution, such as recruiting skilled workers from overseas. But even this is not easy, with strict quotas on the number of work permits issued. In addition, opposition to the recruitment of IT people from other countries is growing, as many professionals believe it will lead to even less investment in training and thus a long-term weakening of the UK skills base.11. According to the first paragraph, the success of IT departments will depend on _______.(A)their success in retaining their skilled staff(B) the extent to which they invest in new technology(C) their attempts to recruit staff with the necessary sells(D) the ability of employers to keep up with the latest developments12. A problem referred to in the second paragraph is that _______.(A) the government needs to create thousands of new IT posts(B) the pool of skilled IT people will get even smaller in the future(C) company budgets for IT training have been decreasing steadily(D) older 1T professionals have not had adequate training13. What possible solution to the long-term problems in the IT industry is referred to in the third paragraph?(A) Ensuring that permanent staff earn the same as contract staff.(B) Expanding company training programmes for employees.(C) Conducting more research into the causes of staff leaving,(D) Offering top rates to attract the best specialist consultants.14. In the financial services sector, the IT staffing problem has led to _______.(A) cash or other benefits for skilled staff after a specified period of time(B) more employees seeking alternative employment in the public sector(C) the loss of customers to rival organisations(D) more flexible conditions of work for their staff15. According to the final paragraph, the UK skill base will be weakened by _______.(A) changes to managers strategic thinking,(B) insufficient responsibility being given to IT staff.(C) the employment of IT staff with too little experience.(D) the hiring of 1T personnel from abroad.Questions 16-20Flats were almost unknown in Britain until the 1850s when they were developed, along with other industrial dwellings, for the laboring classes. These vast blocks were plainly a convenient means of easing social conscience by housing large numbers of the ever-present poor on compact city sites. During the 1880S, however, the idea of living in comfortable residential chambers caught on with the affluent upper and upper middle classes, and controversy as to the advantages and disadvantages of flat life was a topic of conversation around many a respectable dinner-table. In Paris and other major European cities, the custom whereby the better--off lived in apartments, or fiats, was well established. Up to the late nineteenth century in England only bachelor barristers had established the tradition of living in rooms near the Law Court: any self-respecting head of housebeld would insist upon a West End town house as his London home, the best that his means could provide. The popularity of flats for the better-off seems to have developed for a number of reasons. First, perhaps, through the introduction of the railways, which had enabled a wide range of people to enjoy a holiday staying in a suite at one of the luxury hotels which had begun to spring up during the previous decade. Hence, no doubt, the fact that many of the early luxury flats were similar to hotel suites, even being provided with communal dining-rooms and central boilers for hot water and heating. Rents tended to be high to cover overheads, but savings were made possible by these communal amenities and by tenants being able to reduce the number of family servants.On of the earliest substantial London developments of fiats for the well-to-do was begunsoon after Victoria Railway Station was opened in 1860, as the train service provided an efficient link with both the City and the South of England. Victoria Street, adjacent to both the Station and Westminster, had already been formed, and under the direction of the architect. Henry Ashton. was being lined with blocks of residential chambers in the Parisian manner. These flats were commodious indeed, offering between eight and fifteen rooms apiece, including appropriate domestic offices. The idea was an emphatic departure from the tradition of the London house and achieved immediate success.Perhaps the most notable block in the vicinity was Queen Anne s Mansions. partly designed by E. R. Robson in 1884 and recently demolished. For many years, this was London s loftiest building and had strong claims to be the ugliest. The block was begun as a wild speculation, modeled on the American skyscraper, and was nearly 200 feet high. The cliff-like walls of dingy brick completely overshadowed the modest thoroughfare nearby. Although bleak outside, the mansion fiats were palatial within, with sumptuously furnished communal entertaining and dining rooms, And lifts to the uppermost floors. The success of these tall blocks of flats could not been achieved, of course, without the invention of the lift, or “ascending carriage” as it was when first used inthe Strand Law Courts in the 1870s.16. Flats first appeared in Britain in the middle of the 19th century when _______.(A) they were principally built for those families with Several servant”- --”(B) people were not .conscious of the crowded housing of the less well-to-do(C) there was increasing concern over accommodation for the poor(D) people became conscious of the social needs of the rural population17. In the late nineteenth century, upper-middle-class families in England preferred to _______.(A) mainly outside London, where it was healthier and cheaper(B) live near their working place(C) live in the West End(D) live in London, but mainly not in the West End18. One effect of the railways coming to central London was to stimulate the building of_______.(A) large and well-appointed hotels(B) blocks of self-contained fiats(C) rows of elegant town houses(D) flats similar to hotel suites19. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?(A) The constriction of Victoria Railway Station was opened in 1860.(B) Victoria Street was designed in the Parisian manner.(C) The train service linked the City and the West of England.(D) Victoria Street was distant from Westminster.20. Queen Anne s Mansions were _______.(A) elegantly decorated both and outside(B) grim from the outside and had modest interiors(C) flashy from the street but nondescript inside(D) plain outside but with lavish interiorsQuestions 21-25Like many people, I ve always seen the Ol ympics as the “main” sporting event held everyfour years—the headline act—and the Paralympics as something of an “add-on”—the supporting act. It you are not disabled yourself it is hard to understand some of the games and the athletes mobility problems.But being in the host city for these Paralympics changed my perspective. I came to realize these athletes were nothing short of superheroes. Deprived of physical abilities that able-bodied people take for granted, they made up for them and then some. They tested their senses and the boundaries of physical ability to extremes that the Bolts and Phelpses of this world would never have to.If some Olympic runners had to undergo a double-amputation, I wonder if they would strap two carbon fiber blades to their knees like Oscar Pistorius, also known as Blade Runner, of South Africa, and relearn everything that once came naturally.If some Olympic swimming heroes suddenly went blind, would they have the courage to still surge through the water like Donovan Tildesley, not knowing when they would reach the end of the pool? Would any of us have the guts to turn around a life-changing experience like a car crash or bad rugby scrum. And not only get our lives back on track but then strive to be the best at a sport?“W hat Paralympic sport would you do if you were disabled?” was a water-cooler question I posed today. It s not something you would normally think about. You don t watch TV as a kid aspiring to be a Paralympian. But it takes more than early mornings, training programs and special diets to get to the Paralympics. It takes a tragedy or loss that will have been grieved over, worked through and overcome.Skiing is terrifying enough if you have all your faculties. Standing at the top of a ski slope, it s a battle of wills for most people to launch themselves, but Canada s Donovan Tildesley, who has been blind from birth, revealed to a China Daily reporter that not only did he already ski, but he also wanted to take it up competitively.Superheroes indeed, each and every one. The Paralympics should be renamed the “Superlympics.” It s nothing to do with the equality denoted by the Greek “para”, it s about “super” ability,。
上海市中级口译考试历届考题总结(下)
上海市中级口译考试历届考题总结(下)上海市中级口译考试历届考题总结(下)上海市中级口译考试历届考题总结(下) 资料部分内容预览：163.产品有着优异的价格性能比note:这里的"有着" reference:enjoy164.i shall focus my remarks primary on... reference:我想重点谈谈...165....differs greatly from... reference:与...是截然不同地166.i am certain that... reference:我相信...167.the future of economic cooperation with china should be viewed with a combination of enthusiasm and realism. note:注意这里的"be viewd" reference:我们应该带着满腔热忱和现实主义的精神来看待与中国未来的经济合作.168.越来越(流行) note:不一定是more and more reference:increasing population169.to stay out traffic jams reference:以避免交通堵塞170.college and high school students find biking an economical alternative to cars and buses. note:喜欢这里的alternative to 的用法reference:大中小学生把自行车当作汽车和公交车的廉价代用工具.171.i want to spend part of this lecture discussing... note:是"部分讲座(时间)"? reference:我想在讲座上花点时间讨论...172.be incapable of doing sth. reference:不能够做某事173.the computer's advantage over us is that... reference:note:注意介词over174.重复的,反复的reference:repetitive175....,其历史可以追溯到... reference:dating back to... , ...176.贸易通道note:"通道"哈,新词一个reference:thoroughfare177.我社安排的"丝绸之路游"始于西安古城,止于新疆首府乌鲁木齐. note:始于...,止于,怎么说?怎么跟前面连接,"首府"怎么说? reference:"the silk road tour" that we offer follows a route beginning from the ancient city of xi'an and ending at urumqi , the capital of xingjiang .178.游客们沿线可以... note:"沿线"的表达reference:along the route...180.高超的工艺reference:the superior workmanship181.领略自然景观的魅力note:关键是对于"领略"的翻译reference:take pleasure in the charms of the natural landscape 182.大量的reference:a wealth of183....沿途reference:along...184.(最精彩的)旅游节目(之一) reference:tourist attractions 185.过去10年来,...上海市中级口译考试历届考题总结(下) 相关内容:。
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（一）1 Covering an area of 175 acres , the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35 feet high.
2 The farm was ringing with the sound of the iron gong and they could see the laborers pouring out of their huts, pointing at the hills and shouting excitedly.
3 I walked the unemployment lines the other day to talk to this American，who was depressed, pained and bewildered.
4 Not knowing where the supermarket was, he couldn’t buy what he needs.
5 There are variety of means to accomplish students’ employability, including helping students to acquire well-developed communication skills, research capabilities, and analytical abilities.
1 该宫殿占地面积175英亩，四周为超过35英尺高的墙壁所围绕。
2 农场里响起了铁锣声，而这时，他们可以看到劳工从棚屋中倾巢而出，指着小山并激动地呼喊着。
3 前几天我走近失业人群并同这位美国人进行了交谈。
他看上去神情沮丧，疲劳不堪并且处于迷茫彷徨之中。
4 由于他不知道超市在哪里，他不能购买到所需要的东西。
5 帮助学生获得受雇就业能力的方法有很多种，其中包括帮助他们获得良好的沟通技能、研究能力以及分析能力。
（二）1. This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequences in the future.
2. New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past.
3. The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time, and in any case, the oil wells will all run dry in thirty rears or so at the present rate of use.
4. It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.
5. In my view, rather than a melting pot, the United States today may be more accurately described as a multicultural society.
1. 支持一定数量的研究，并非一蹴而就，却放眼未来，这看上去是最具成效的。
2. 我们必须寻找新的能量资源，这诚然会耗费时间，但却不会让我们再次孳生廉价能量取之不尽、用之不竭的想法。
3. 石油任何时候都会突发性停止供给，而无论如何，如果我们按照现有使用率开采石油，在30年内油井也终将枯竭。
4.许多人都认为，普通的思维运行无法与这些程序相提并论，而这些程序也只有通过某种特殊训练方可获得。
5.我认为，与其说美国是一个大熔炉，还不如更准确地将其称为一个多元文化的社会。
（三）1. It is essential to have a deep understanding of the long-term, arduous and complex nature of the anti-corruption campaign.
2. In general, there are two aspects instead of one.
3. This regional forum enables China to exchange policy with other member states.
4. On the table lie a bunch of flowers and a box of chocolate.
5. During the three years after the stock market collapsed, the GNP of this country has plunged by almost a half.
1. 要深刻认识反腐败工作的长期性、艰巨性、复杂性。
2. 总之，是两个方面，而不是一个方面。
3. 借助这一地区论坛，有利于中国与其他成员国进行政策交流。
4. 桌上放着一束鲜花和一盒巧克力。
5. 股票市场崩溃后这三年内，该国国民生产总值下跌了近一半。
（四）练习：
1. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
2. 送君千里，终有一别。
3. Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.
4.这个问题，国际上议论纷纷，国内也有各种意见。
5. You are kindly requested to let us have your best quotation for the canned fish.
答案：
1. Modesty helps while arrogance kills.
2.There is always a time for departure after a long journey of seeing you off.
3.过度勇敢使人莽撞，过度温柔使人软弱，过度节俭使人贪婪。
4. Opinions are divided both at home and abroad concerning this issue.
5.请您提供罐装鱼的心理报价。