必修三 Unit1 festivals and celebrations

For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. • Clean graves ：扫墓 • In memory of ：纪念 • 在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、燃香， 以纪念祖先。
In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. • The arrival of : ……的到达 • 美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗.哥伦布发 现“新大陆”的日子。
India has a national festival on October 2th to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain. • gain independence from sb. 从sb.得到自 由 • Help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 • the leader 是指Gandhi，而who helped gain…这个句子是用来说明the leader的。 • 印度在10月2号有个全国性节日，纪念甘 地，他是帮助印度摆脱英国而独立的领袖。
Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. • The end of sth. : ……的结尾或结束 • Weather 天气；plant 种植； plant • 大多数古代的节日都庆祝严寒天气的结束、 春天的播种和秋天的收获。
In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruits, and will get together to have meals. • European：欧洲的；Europe：欧洲 • decorate sth. with sth. 用……来装饰…… • Church: 教堂 • Town hall: 市政厅 • 在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂 和市政厅，在一起聚餐。
Festival to honor people 纪念名人的节日 • Festivals can also be held to honor famous people. The dragon boat festival in china honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. • 也有纪念名人的节日。中国的端午节是纪念 古代著名诗人屈原的。
They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. • 他们向亡者献上食物、鲜花和礼物。 • The western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the spirits of dead people. • Have its origin in sth. : 起源于 • Spirit: 灵魂、精神 • 西方节日万圣节也源自人们对于亡者的灵魂 的古老的信念。
It’s now children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbor‘s homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. • Dress up : 打扮 • Neighbor: 邻居 • Ask for :要、请求 • Play a trick on sb. : 向……开玩笑、捉弄 • 万圣节如今成了小孩子的节日，在这一天，他 们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖果吃。如果邻居 不给糖果，小孩子可以捉弄他们。
Festival of the dead 亡灵节 • Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. • Honor,同honour, 纪念 • The dead 死去的人 • 有些节日是为纪念死去的人，或使祖先得 到满足，因为祖先们可能回到世上提供帮 助，也可能带来危害。
Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. • Sth. is important for sb. • 对某人来说，某事是十分重要的。 • 对于世界各地的基督教徒来说，复活节是 十分重要的宗教上的和公众的节日。
In Mexico, people celebrate the day of the dead in early November. • 在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。 On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with ‘bone’ on them. In the shape of : 以……形状 在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成骨头形 状的食物和带有“骨头”装饰的蛋糕。
The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. • as though : 好像 • be covered with sth. 被某物所覆盖 • 整个国家被樱花所覆盖，就好像披满了粉 红的雪。 • covered with cherry tree flowers用来修饰 the country.
Some people might win awards for their farm produce. Win award for : 因……而获奖 有些人还可能因为他们的农产品而获奖。 China and Japan have Mid-autumn Festivals, when people admired the moon. Admire the moon : 赏月 中国和日本都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。 在中国，人们还品尝月饼。
These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the swk.baidu.comreets day and night, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds. • 狂欢节期间，人们身着各种艳丽的节日盛 装，伴随着鼓噪的音乐，在街头游行，昼 夜跳舞。
Harvest festival 庆祝丰收的节日 • People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. • grateful: 感激的 • gather：收集 • for the winter: 越冬 • 因为越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活也结束 了，人们心怀感激之情。
Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. • origin: 起源，来由 • religious：宗教的 religious • 现在的节日有许多由来，一些是宗教上的， 一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和 事件的。
Festivals and celebrations
节日和庆典
Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient time. • • • • • Of all kinds: 各种各样的 现在完成时：have done +动词过去分词 Ancient time 古代 Held 是 hold 的过去式，举行的意思 各种各样的节日和庆典被世界各地举行， 自从古代。 • 自古以来，世界各地举行了各种各样的节 日和庆典。
Spring festivals 春天的节日 • The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. • energetic:有活力的 • Look forward to (doing) sth.: 期待（做某事） • the one: 代指主语 • 最富有生气又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天 并迎来春天的日子。
At the spring festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. • Lucky money: 压岁钱 • In red paper :红包 • 在中国的春节里，人们会吃饺子、鱼和肉， 并会给孩子红纸包着的压岁钱。
They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. • Light lamp: 点灯笼 • Back to earth: 回到人世间 • 他们还点灯笼和放音乐，因为他们认为这 样做能引导祖先们回到人世间。
It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. • Jesus：耶稣，他在复活节会复活。 • 复活节庆祝耶稣的复活、新生命和春天的 到来。
Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. • 樱花节 • Cherry 樱花；Blossom 花开； • 不久，日本就迎来了樱花节
Some western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. • 在一些西方国家有激动人心的狂欢节，通 常是在二月，复活节前的四十天。
Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. • 有时，庆典会举行在猎人捕获猎物之后 • 有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆典活 动。
At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. • sth. be + adj +不定式：句型用不定式来表 主动。 • Especially • 特别地 • 在那个时代，人们会饿死，如果食物太难 找，特别是在寒冷的冬月。 • 在那个时代，如果食物太难找，人们会饿 死，特别是在寒冷的冬月。