用主动形式表达被动意义

用主动形式表达被动意义
一、1、一类表示感觉、感官等的连系动词，要用主动形式表被动时，常见的动词有：feel，look，smell，sound，taste等。

The water feels cold.
Sugar tastes sweet.
Your idea proved to be wrong.
He turned out (to be) a thief.
His advice proved (to be) very helpful.
2.一类及物动词（sell, write, read, wash等）表示主语的特征或状态，而不是强调动作本身时，要用主动形式表达被动意义，后面常跟adv.修饰。

The material washes easily.
The door won’t shut.
The book sells very well.
The pen writes smoothly.
(Note：这类动词也可有被动语态，但此时强调动作的发出)
The shirts were cheap and sold out fast.
二、特定动词，如need，require，want等(“需要”)，如果物作主语，要用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语。

Your composition needs rewriting.(=Your composition needs to be rewritten)
The car wants repairing.(=The car wants to be repaired)
三、动词不定式结构。

有些动词不定式结构在句中作定语时，往往用不定式的主动来表达被动含义。

There are a lot of problems to deal with.
I have a lot of work to do.
be to blame, be to let 等也用主动结构表示被动含义。

You are to blame.
The house is to let.
四、形容词（词组）
有些adj如easy, difficult, hard, heavy, expensive等，它们后面接的不定式常用主动形式表达被动含义。

The physics problem is easy to work out.
A guide is expensive to employ.
(Note: be worth doing 用主动形式表达被动含义)
The book is well worth reading.
The talk given by Yang Liwei is well worth listening to.
五、介词（词组）
有些介词（词组）在句子中，有时也存在“假主动语态”现象，常用的介词短语结构是“in/on/under + n.”
The bridge over Hangzhou Bay is under construction.
The house facing the lake is in the possession of Tom.
(=The house facing the lake is possessed by Tom)
A lot of shoes are on show. (=A lot of shoes are being shown.)
【即学即练】
1.The water cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
A.was felt
B.is felt
C.felt
D.feels
2.Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will fresh for several days.
A.be stayed
B.stay
C.be staying
D.have stayed
3.－Do you like the material?
－Yes, it very soft.
A.is feeling
B.felt
C.feels
D.is felt
4.Books (of this kind ) well.
A.sell
B.sells
C.are sold
D.is sold
5.The flowers were so lovely that they in no time.
A.sold
B.had been sold
C.were sold
D.would sell
6.I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child.
A.is to blame
B.is going to blame
C.is to be blame
D.should blame
7.I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .
A.to be breathed
B.to breathe
C.breathing
D.being breathed
8.There is a new problem (involved in the popularity of private cars) road conditions need
A.that; to be improved
B.which; to be improved
C.where; improving
D.when;improving。