主谓一致学案及练习
高考英语总复习主谓一致专题学案
关于主谓一致一、主谓一致定义主语和谓语要保持人称和数量的一致,比如主语是复数,谓语就用复数;主语是单数,谓语就用单数。
主谓一致通常分为语法一致,语义一致和就近就远原则。
(一)语法一致:主语是单数,谓语用单数;主语是复数,谓语用复数1)to do和doing作主语,谓语动词用单数e.g. To see is to believe.e.g. Seeing is believing.2)当句子主语由many a / more than one / every / each / no... 修饰时,谓语动词用单数e.g. Many a woman is paying attention to the lecture.e.g. More than one student is supposed to take part in the activity.3)以所接名词的单复数为准①修饰词或短语:some / several / a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a couple of ...若接复数名词,谓语用复数;若接不可数名词,谓语用单数。
e.g. A couple of scientists are doing researches about this problem.e.g. Some information online is unhealthy.①分数/百分数后,若接复数名词,谓语用复数;若接不可数名词,谓语用单数。
e.g. Two thirds of the students provide various of reasons for their absence.e.g. Ten percent of furniture is transported from Africa to America.(二)语义一致:形单意复,谓语用复数;形复意单,谓语用单数1)学科名词:以-ics结尾的学科名称、以-s结尾专有名词,如:politics, mathematics, ethics,physics等,谓语用单数。
高中英语主谓一致专题复习学案素材(学案+练习)主谓一致
主谓一致定义:指主语和谓语动词在人称和数上必须保持一致。
一般来说,谓语动词的单数形式应根据主语的单复数形式而定;主语为单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数;主语复数,谓语动词则用复数。
1. 名词做主语的主谓一致(1)有些名词本身表示复数概念,其谓语动词要用复数形式,如people, cattle, police, goods. Cattle feed on grass. 牛以草为食。
All the goods have arrived. 所有的货物都到了。
Some people spend a lot of money on clothes. 有些人在穿衣上花很多钱。
注:people指“民族”时,是可数名词。
That is a people that has little in common with us. 那是一个跟我们有很少共同点的民族。
There are fifty-six peoples in China.中国有56个民族。
有些名词如:sheep, deer, fish, means(方法),works(工厂)等单复数相同,作主语时,其谓语动词应根据其表达的意义选用正确的单复数形式。
He is trying to find a means to work out the problem.他竭力寻找方法来解决这个问题。
There are many means to solve the problem. 解决这个问题有许多方法。
(2) 集合名词class, family, team, group, government, audience,crowded, company, crew(队,组,全体成员,全体船员), public等作主语时,若强调整体,谓语动词用单数,若强调分散个体,谓语动词用复数。
This class is made up of 54 students. 该班由54名学生组成。
主谓一致学案及练习
主谓一致一.学前诊断1.The blind ____ in special schools.A.is studyingB. studiesC. studyD. has studied2.Look! The teacher , together with his students , ____ now working in the lab.A.isB. areC. wereD. was3.The museum I have visited _____ at the end of the street.A.standB. standsC. is standingD. are standing4.Three weeks ____ not enough for me to write the report.A.isB. areC. hasD. have5.Three-fourths of the homework___ today.A.has finishedB. has been finishedC. have finishedD. have been finished6.Either he or I ___ to go to Beijing on business.A.isB. beC. areD. am7.More than 70 percent of the books ____ in English.A.is writtenB. has writtenC. are writtenD. have writtenrge quantities of water ___ needed for cooling purpose.A.isB. areC. hasD. have9.“ All ___ present and all ____ going well.” Said the boy.A.is ; isB. are ; areC. are; isD. is are10.How one treats his parents ____ great influence on his children.A. haveB. hadC. havingD. has在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。
高考英语总复习 语法先行 主谓一致预习学案(含解析)
高考英语总复习语法先行主谓一致预习学案(含解析)【学习目标】主谓一致的用法。
【复习任务】1.学习重点:三个考点2.学习难点:考点3【问题导学】一、主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致: 主语单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。
The number of the students present is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数,如people,police,cattle等The crowd were shouting.2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
如news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics,economics等。
The news was so surprising.3.就近原则 : 即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
如用连词or,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
Either your students or Mr.Wang knows this.二、主谓一致的应用1.名词做主语1).一般说来,不可数名词及可数名词的单数做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
如:(1)Water is necessary for living things. 水对于生物来说是必须的。
(2)The desk over there is Li Lei’s. 那边的那张课桌是李蕾的。
(3)The dog is a useful animal. 狗是一种有用的动物。
2). 表示总称意义的名词people (人们,人民), cattle, police,youth做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
如:(1) English people are fond of talking about weather. 英国人喜欢谈论天气。
主谓一致教案
主谓一致教案主题:主谓一致教学案教学目标:1. 学生能够理解主谓一致的概念。
2. 学生能够正确判断主谓是否一致。
3. 学生能够正确使用主谓一致的规则。
教学重点:1. 主谓一致的概念理解。
2. 主谓一致的规则应用。
教学难点:学生能够灵活运用主谓一致的规则。
教学准备:1. ppt课件。
2. 打印的练习题。
教学过程:步骤一:导入(5分钟)1. 引入主谓一致的概念并提问,例如:"当我们谈到主谓一致时,我们在谈论什么呢?"。
2. 学生回答后,解释主谓一致的概念。
步骤二:知识讲解(10分钟)1. 利用ppt课件讲解主谓一致的规则和例子,例如:"当主语是单数时,谓语动词也要是单数形式"。
2. 强调需要注意的例外情况,例如:"当主语是复数且表达一体的团体时,谓语动词可以用单数形式"。
步骤三:示范与练习(15分钟)1. 在黑板上写出几个句子,让学生判断主谓是否一致,然后解释他们的判断。
2. 分发练习题,让学生在课堂上完成,然后相互交换纠正。
步骤四:总结与评价(5分钟)1. 回顾主谓一致的规则,并强调需要注意的地方。
2. 鼓励学生在实际写作和口语表达中注意主谓一致的错误。
步骤五:作业布置(5分钟)1. 布置练习题作为课后作业,要求学生完成剩下的题目。
2. 课堂上遗留的问题可以让学生在家里复习后提问或直接向老师请教。
教学评价:1. 学生能够准确理解和解释主谓一致的概念。
2. 学生能够正确判断主谓是否一致。
3. 学生能够正确运用主谓一致的规则。
4. 学生能够在写作和口语表达中避免主谓一致的错误。
高考英语语法专题复习:主谓一致(含练习题及答案)
高考英语语法专题复习:主谓一致名师箴言:主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致。
名师导航:第一关: 1. 语法一致原则的阐述语法一致原则 2. 语法一致原则的用法语法一致原则的阐述:主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上,即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。
如果名词中心词是复数,动词就改用复数形式;如果名词中心词不是复数,而是单数名词或不可数名词,动词便用单数形式。
语法一致原则的用法:1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时,谓语动词一般采用单数形式。
名词做主语:The student is clever.这个学生很聪明。
代词做主语:He is doing the experiment.他正在做实验。
动词不定式做主语:To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。
动名词做主语:Persuading him to join us seems really hard.劝他加入我们看起来确实困难。
主语从句做主语:Whatever was left was taken away.无论剩下什么都被拿走了。
Whether we will go out for an outing tomorrow depends on the weather.我们明天去不去郊游取决于天气。
警示灯:一个主语从句做主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词用复数形式。
What they need are books.他们需要的是书。
2.当主语是and, both…and 连接的并列结构时,如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,谓语动词用复数。
Tom and Jack were close friends.汤姆和杰克是亲密的朋友。
Both rice and wheat are grown by farmers in China.中国的农民既种植大米也种植小麦。
主谓一致复习导学案
主谓一致复习导学案导语:主谓一致是英语语法中非常基础且重要的概念,它指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致。
正确理解和掌握主谓一致的规则,对于正确表达思想和交流意义至关重要。
本文将为大家介绍主谓一致的基本规则,并提供一些练习来帮助大家巩固知识。
一、主谓一致的基本规则在一句英语句子中,主语和谓语必须在人称和数上保持一致。
具体来说,有以下几条规则需要遵循:1. 单数主语与单数谓语一致:例如:He runs every morning.(他每天早上跑步。
)2. 复数主语与复数谓语一致:例如:They play soccer on weekends.(他们周末踢足球。
)3. 若主语以“each, every, either, neither, anyone, everyone, nobody, somebody, something”等表示“每一个”、“任何一个”之意的词开头,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:Each student has to submit a report.(每个学生都要提交一份报告。
)4. 若两个或两个以上的名词作主语,用 and 连接时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:John and Mary are good friends.(约翰和玛丽是好朋友。
)5. 若两个或两个以上的名词作主语,用 or,either...or,neither...nor等连词连接时,谓语动词与最靠近的名词在数上保持一致。
例如:Neither John nor his friends are here.(约翰和他的朋友们都不在这里。
)二、练习题为了帮助大家更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则,请完成以下练习题。
根据句意和语法规则,填写正确的动词形式。
1. Neither the students nor the teacher ________ (know) the answer to the question.2. Every student in our class ________ (have) a computer.3. The dog and the cat ________ (play) in the garden.4. Each of them ________ (carry) a heavy bag.5. Either my parents or my brother ________ (go) to the concert with me.6. Nobody ________ (want) to go to the party.7. One of the apples ________ (is) rotten.参考答案:1. knows2. has3. play4. carries5. goes6. wants7. is三、总结主谓一致是英语语法中的基础知识,正确的使用可以使句子更加准确和清晰。
中考英语语法学案(主谓一致)
人教版九年级英语-中考语法冲刺主谓一致-考点精讲精练主谓一致是指谓语动词必须和作主语的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。
考点1:谓语动词用单数的情况(1). 动词不定式,动词ing形式,句子作主语时,谓语动词单数。
如:To have sports every day is important for us to keep healthy. 天天运动对我们保持健康很重要。
Reading more books is good for your study. 读更多的书对你的学习有益。
What he said was not true. 他说的话不是真的。
(2). 时间,距离,金钱,重量,数学运算等词或短语作主语时,表示整体楖念,谓语动词单数。
Ten years is enough for you to achieve your dream. 对你来说要实现你的梦想,10年己足够。
8 kilometers is a long way to go. You’d better take a bus. 8千米是一段很长的路要走。
你最好坐巴士。
1000 dollars is not enough to buy a new house.1000 美元不够买一幢新房子。
Thirty Jin wasn’t so heavy. 30斤不是那么重。
Eight and nine is seventeen. 8+9=17.(3). 不定代词(somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything,nobody, no one, nothing, each, either, neither…)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Something is wrong with his ears. 他的耳朵有问题。
Is everyone here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗?Nobody likes the man who often laughs at others. 没有人会喜欢经常嘲笑别人的人。
主谓一致讲解及练习(有答案)
主谓一致讲解及练习3. Chinese, French, mathematics, statistics, electronics, economics, politics, linguistics,optics等表示语言或学科的单词作主语时,谓语动词用作单数。
Chinese, Japanese, French, English 表示某国人时,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语的数。
4. works (工厂),means (方法) series (系列), deer( 鹿), sheep(绵羊)根据所暗示的数来决定谓语的数。
5.以-s结尾的表示由成对部分组成的物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
如trousers,glasses, scissors, pants等。
如果这些词与a pair of, a couple of连用,动词的数与pair,couple的数保持-致。
6. clothes, goods, wages, stairs, taxes, earnings, belongings, savings, leavings 作复数用,其后面的谓语动词要用复数。
7. news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress等不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
1.表示国家城市、机构、组织的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
2.某些表示群岛、山脉、瀑布的专有名词往往作复数用,作主语时谓语动词用复数。
3.以复数形式出现的表示书籍、报纸、杂志的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
4.以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
1.主语之后带有as well as, as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等短语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。
主谓一致用法精讲+精练+答案
概述:主谓一致是指谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致,遵循三个原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。
考点一:语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上一致,即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
1.当and或both ...and ...连接两个或两个以上的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生。
2.不定代词 either,neither,each one,the other,another,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Is there anything wrong with your bike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗?Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都为运动会做好了准备。
3.由each,each ...and each ...,every,every ...and every ...作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Each boy and each girl was given a new uniform.给了每一个男孩和每一个女孩一件新校服。
4.主语后接有 with,along with,together with,as well as,including,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时,谓语动词的数由主语的单、复数形式决定。
Mr. Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing.格林先生将和他的夫人及两个女儿一块儿来北京。
主谓一致导学案+练习题
初中英语主谓一致语法专项训练主谓一致的三条原则1)语法一致原则。
主语是单数,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数,谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. My friend has no intention of going shopping with me.My friends have no intention of going shopping with me.2) 意义一致原则。
主语和谓语的一致不是由主语的语法形式来决定,而是由主语所表达的意义决定。
e.g. The class are busying writing English passages.The United States is a developed country which has advanced science and technology.带有复数词尾的学科名称、国家等在意义上是表示单数概念,用单数动词。
3)就近原则。
谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语。
由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接或由here, there等引导的句子,谓语动词遵循这一原则。
e.g. Neither my friends nor I was able to persuade him to accept our advice.Either he or she has broken the window, for there is no one else there.There is a teacher and fifty students in the classroom.【考点聚集】1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数。
2、由and或both…and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each、every、no修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
初中主谓一致的简单教案
初中主谓一致的简单教案教学目标:1. 理解主谓一致的概念和重要性。
2. 掌握主谓一致的三个基本原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
3. 能够正确运用主谓一致规则,使句子表达清晰、准确。
教学内容:1. 主谓一致的概念和重要性。
2. 主谓一致的三个基本原则。
3. 主谓一致的练习和应用。
教学步骤:一、导入(5分钟)1. 向学生介绍主谓一致的概念和重要性。
2. 引导学生意识到主谓一致在英语句子中的关键作用。
二、讲解主谓一致的三个基本原则(15分钟)1. 语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上要保持一致。
- 单数主语对应单数谓语。
- 复数主语对应复数谓语。
2. 意义一致原则:主语和谓语在意义上要保持一致。
- 表示单数意义的主语对应单数谓语。
- 表示复数意义的主语对应复数谓语。
3. 就近一致原则:谓语动词应与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
三、主谓一致的练习(20分钟)1. 进行一些主谓一致的练习题,让学生运用所学的原则。
2. 引导学生通过观察和分析句子,确定主语和谓语的一致性。
3. 提供一些错误的句子,让学生找出并纠正主谓不一致的错误。
四、主谓一致的应用(10分钟)1. 让学生练习编写一些句子,注意主谓一致的运用。
2. 鼓励学生运用主谓一致的规则,使句子表达清晰、准确。
五、总结和复习(5分钟)1. 对本节课的主谓一致教学进行总结。
2. 强调主谓一致在英语写作和口语表达中的重要性。
教学评估:1. 通过课堂练习和课后作业,评估学生对主谓一致的理解和应用能力。
2. 观察学生在口语表达和写作中的主谓一致运用情况,及时进行指导和纠正。
教学资源:1. PPT或黑板,用于展示主谓一致的规则和例子。
2. 主谓一致练习题,用于巩固所学知识。
教学反思:本节课通过讲解主谓一致的概念和重要性,以及主谓一致的三个基本原则,帮助学生理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。
通过练习和应用,学生能够更好地运用主谓一致的规则,使句子表达清晰、准确。
高中英语语法学案--主谓一致(含答案)
主谓一致“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、数上保持一致,即主语是复数,谓语也用复数形式,如are, were, have等。
主语是单数,谓语也要用单数形式,如:is, was, has, works等。
一、由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念, 一个人的双重身份或匹配出现的事物时谓语动词为单数,由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
1) The worker and writer __________ (be) from Beijing.2) The worker and the writer ____________(be) from Beijing.3) Both Cathy and her daughter Linda _____________(have) gone fishing in Canada.4) Bread and butter __________(be) a daily food in the West.常见的由and连接的指同一个概念的还有:5) There __________ (be) the needle and thread (针线) in the box.6) The salt and water (盐水) _____________(have) been ready.7) The folk and knife (刀叉) ____________(be) on the table.8) Iron and steel (钢铁) _____________(be) very important to a country.二、every one of, one of, each of, either of, neither of +复数名词作主语,谓语用单数。
1) Each of the students _______________(have) a book.2) Every one of the girls _____________(like) dancing.3) One of them __________________(have) been abroad.4) Neither of the two boys ____________(be) good at English.* 注意“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构:如果one前面没有限定词,这个句型中的“复数名词”是先行词,定语从句的谓语动词用复数;如果one前面有the only, the first, the last, the right等限定词修饰,则one是先行词,定语从句的谓语动词用单数。
英语主谓一致精讲及练习题
英语主谓一致精讲及练习题主谓一致“主谓一致”是指句子中主语与谓语之间在人称、数等方面保持的协调一致关系。
在英语中谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致,这就叫主谓一致。
在判定一个句子主谓语是否一致时,要遵循下列三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。
一、语法一致,也就是平常说的从语法形式上取得一致,即主语为单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词亦为复数形式。
1、由and或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时,指的是复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。
如:Mr.and Mrs.Smith are engineers.史密斯夫妇是工程师。
Fire and water do not agree.水火不相容。
Both Lucy and Lily like cartoon2.由and连接的两个或三个单数主语前如果有every,each,no,many a修饰时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
Each teacher and(each)student was given a book.每一位教师和学生都得到了一本书。
Every boy and every girl here gets a present.这里的每位男孩和女孩都得到一件礼物。
No employer and no employee knows how to deal with it.没有一位雇主和雇员知道如何处理这件事。
Many a teacher and many a student enjoys the book very much.许多老师和学生很喜欢这本书。
3.不定代词“each one, each,one,no one,either ,niether,the other, another, some(any,no,every)+body(one或thing)”在句中作主语时,或主语由each,each of ,every修饰时,谓语动词一律用单数形式。
中考初中英语语法主谓一致讲解与练习学案
中考初中英语语法主谓一致讲解与练习学案主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
1.语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。
They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。
①当and或者both…and…连接并列名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式Mary and Lucy are friends.Both my father and mother work in the factory.Both milk and juice are good for your health.②主语后接with, along with, together with, like, except, but, besides, as well as, including, no less than等词或短语时,谓语的单复数形式与这些词的前面主语一致Nobody except Lucy and Lily wants to go boating.Tom together with his parents has ever been to Tianjin.Lucy as well as her parents sings well.The girls including the boy are dancing now.Jim with the teachers is friendly to me.Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football.③each, each..., each of…, each…and each…, every…, every…and every…, one of + 可数名词复数Each of us has an English book.There are three children in the room. Each (of them) has a big apple in their hands.Every teacher is dancing now.One of the students likes lessons.Each boy and each girl has got a seat.Every man and every woman is at work.④不定代词each, either, another, the other, neither以及由every-, any-, no-, any-等构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致讲解及练习附答案
主谓一致【考纲说明】1)掌握主谓一致三大原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则2)学会分析句式,排除干扰,分清主谓,明了句子的主谓关系3)本专题以单项选择、单词拼写和词形转换的考查为主,分值为1—2分。
【知识梳理】一、定义:谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
二、语法一致原则概念:即在谓语和主语在语法形式上取得一致。
如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
但须注意下列几种情况:1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.开始吸烟很容易,但是要戒烟却需要勇气。
Reading is learning. 读书就是学习。
What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。
【注意】:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。
但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时,主句的谓语动词用复数。
What I bought is three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。
What I say and do are helpful for you. 我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。
2)由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数。
John and Ann are good friends. 约翰和安都是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students。
.露西和莉莉都是学生。
【注意】:由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every, every … and (every)…, each …and (each)…, no …and (no)… ,或many a , many a …and (many a)…, more than one, 修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。
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主谓一致讲与练一谓语动词用单数1.不定代词each, another, the other, either, neither 和由some, any, no, every + one/thing/body 所构成的复合代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
① Neither of us _______ (have) gone through regular training.② Nobody_______ (want)to go there.③ Something _______ (have) been done to prevent the river from being polluted.2.当each…and each…,every…and every…,no…and no…,many a…and many a….等结构,谓语动词用单数形式。
① No man and no animal _______ (be) to be found on the moon.在月球上没有发现人和动物。
② Many a doctor and many a nurse_______ (be) busy with their work.许多医生和护士都在忙于他们的工作。
3.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、计量、空间、体积等意义的名词做主语,谓动常用单数。
① Three years in prison ______ (be) a long time for him.② Twenty years ______ (be) not a long time. (整体)③ Twenty years ______ (have) passed since he left.4. 单个的动词不定式、-ing形式或从句做主语,谓动用单数。
① To learn English well _______ (be) difficult.② Reading newspapers every day _______ (keep) you informed of what is happening in the world.③ Why she did this _______ (be) not known.在以what从句作主语的”主系表“结构中,主句的谓动要以表语名词的单复数而定。
① What caused the accident _______ (be) a complete mystery.② What his father left him _______ (be) a few English books.5.Many a, more than one+单数名词构成的短语做主语,尽管意义上是复数,但谓动仍用单数。
① Many a scientist _______ (have) tried this way of solving the problem before.② More than one person_______ (be) ready to try his luck this time.6. 不可数名词或单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
①There _______ (be) much water in the thermos.② The city _______ (be)founded in the 8th century BC.7主语由and 连接但意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词要用单数, 注意and连接的两个名词前只有一个冠词。
① The singer and writer_______ (be) famous to everyone.② A pen and book _______be) what I need.③ Early to bed and early to rise _______you healthy.④ All work and no play _________ (make) Jack a dull boy. (只工作不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻.)比较: My friend and lawyer _______ (have ) caught a very bad cold.My friend and my lawyer _______ (have ) caught a very bad cold.8主语是以s结尾的学科及专有名词(书/格言)时,如:the United States, the New Times, Arabian Nights等,谓动要用单数。
① Mathematics _______ (be) the only course that Mary failed in.② The Times usually _______ (speak) for the American government.二谓语动词用复数1. 可数名词复数或both, (a) few, many. several 等做主语时, 谓动常用复数。
① Both (of) the instruments _______ (be) not precise ones.② Many cities in China _______ (be) very beautiful, attracting people from all over the world.2. 不可数名词前有quantities of/ amounts of修饰时,谓动常用复数;但其前为a quantity of/ an amount of修饰时,谓动仍用单数。
① Large quantities/amounts of water _______ (be) needed.②A large quantity/amount of water _______ (be) needed.3. 由and连接的两个单数名词做主语时,谓动一般用复数。
① The singer and the writer _______ (be) famous to many young people.②The French and English language _______ (have) something in common.4.集体名词如cattle, police,people等做主语时,谓动常用复数。
The police _______ (be) investigating the crime.这些词如要表达单数概念,则用a herd of cattle, a policeman /policewoman, a person。
5.“the+形容词/过去分词”表示一类人或事物时,谓动用复数。
①The wounded _______ (have) been taken to the hospital..②The old in our country _______ (be) taken good care of.6.群岛、山脉、瀑布等专有名词如: the Alps, the Philippines, Niagara Falls等做主语时,谓动用复数。
Niagara Falls_______ (be) a splendid scene.三就远原则:主语+as well as, rather than, like, but ,except ,besides, with, along with, together with, including, in addition to主语一致原则① An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, _______ (be) to be built here.② The professor, together with many of his students, _______ (be) entering the meeting hall.③ No one but your parents _______(be ) there then.④ Mr Green besides his daughters ________ (like) sports.⑤ Tom, together with Mary and Alice , ____ going to swim this afternoon.四就近原则:由not only…but also…, either…or…,neither…nor…, …or…,not…but…等连接的并列主语及there be句型中,谓动通常依据就近原则。
① There _______ (be) a pen and some books on the desk.② There _______ (be) some books and a pen on the desk.③ Either you or I _______ (be) mad.④ Neither I nor you _______ (have) passed the exam.五意义一致原则:1. what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由这些代词指代的词的单复数意义决定。
Who ____ (live) next door? It is Xiao Liu.Who ____ (live) next door? They are Zhang and Liu.① All ______well that ends well.② All ________ eager to reach an agreement2. audience, class, crew, crowd, public, committee, family, team, group, army, population等做主语时,如指一整体,谓动用单数;如指全体中的每一个成员,谓动则用复数。
① The football team _______being recognized.② The football team _______ having baths and _______coming back here for tea.③ About eighty percent of the population of this country _______ peasants.④ The population of the country _______ large.3. the number of做主语时,谓动用单数;a number of做主语时,谓动用复数。