高级英语下lesson13课文翻译
高级英语(第三版)第二册第十三课 The Mansion A Subprime Parable[精]
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Housing bubble started to balloon and
when it burst….
Excessive use of credit and debt leverage
Theme of the Text
• This story focuses on the real cause of the Subprime Mortgage Crisis in America. Contrary to general views, the author believes the crisis was triggered by a deep cultural predisposition (倾向) that leads to the Americans’ fascination with bigger and bigger houses which tend to label the big property owners successful. Therefore, instead of placing blame on Wall Street firms, he concludes the American people themselves are the culprits behind the economic crisis.
《高级英语》 第3版
第二册 第十三课
Lesson 13: The Mansion: A Subprime Parable 《豪宅：一个关于次贷危机的故事》
Teaching objectives
1) To acquaint students with the historical background of the text.
高级英语第二册Lesson13in favor of capital punishment
Background Knowledge
♦ 1) A brief introduction to the author,
Jacques Barzun /Jpriestley.htm ♦ 2) Capital punishment & life imprisonment
death penalty are: ♦ 1) punishment for crime is a primitive idea rooted in revenge; ♦ 2) capital punishment does not deter; ♦ 3)judicial error being possible, taking life is an appalling risk; ♦ 4)a civilized state, to deserve its name, must uphold, not violate, the sanctity of human life.
♦ The author’s argument: Since so many
♦ 1) If capital punishment violates the sanctity of
human life, how about the war, the perfect means of killing, launched and supported by these abolitionists? ♦ 2) If capital punishment violates the sanctity of human life, how about the bystanders killed by the police who are so excited that he misses the target? ♦ 3) If capital punishment violates the sanctity of human life, how about the sanctity of the victims lives?
13课翻译
高级英语(下)课文翻译
日志[转]高级英语（下）课文翻译2012-2-23 23:12阅读(5)转载自月光#湖面下一篇：梁山108将简介|返回日志列表•赞(2)赞(2)赞(2)赞(2)•转载(242)•分享(1)•评论•复制地址•更多Module 1 The Film Maker一段小说节选（选自《美好工作》）“这就是，”威尔科克斯说，”我们唯一的一台电脑数控机器。
”“什么？”“电脑数码控制的机器。
看看它换工具有多快？”罗玢从一个有机玻璃窗里往里凝视，看着一些东西像突然抽了筋一样转来转去，进进出出，喷出一种看上去像牛奶咖啡似的液体给机器加油润滑。
“这是干什么？”“机制汽缸盖。
很美，对吧？”“我倒不喜欢这样形容。
”在罗玢的眼里，这台机器运动突然，猛烈，但受控制地向前一冲，又往后一退，真有点儿刁钻古怪，甚至流里流气，活像某种钢铁爬虫在吞食猎物。
“总有一天，”威尔科克斯说，”将会出现摆满这种机器的无灯工厂。
”“干吗是无灯的呢？”“机器不需要灯光，机器是瞎子。
一旦你建起一座全电脑化的工厂，你就可以拆除灯，关上门，由它去制造引擎或者吸尘器，或者任何东西，一切独自在黑暗里进行。
一天二十四小时都在工作。
”“这个主意叫人头皮发麻。
”“在美国，在斯堪的纳维亚，人家早已有了。
”“那经理呢？他也成了一台电脑，坐在黑暗的办公室里？”威尔科克斯对这个问题认真考虑了一下。
”不，电脑不会思想。
总得有人来管理，起码有一个人，决定做什么，怎样做。
不过这些工作”——他把头一扬，眼睛对着一排排工作台瞥了一圈——”不会再有了。
这里的这台机器正在干去年十二个人干的工作。
”“美好的新世界哟，”罗玢说，“那里只有经理们才有工作。
”这一回威尔科克斯没有忽略她的反讽。
”我不喜欢把工人当做冗员裁掉，”他说，”可我们也处于两难的困境。
如果不现代化，我们就失去竞争优势，只好裁减冗员，如果搞现代化，我们还得裁减冗员，因为我们不再需要。
”“我们应当做的事情就是花更多的钱给人们做好创造性休闲的准备，”罗玢说。
罗汉经贸高级英语Unit13 中文版
Unit ThirteenBreaking Through the Glass Ceiling：Women in Management———Linda Wirth冲破观念的束缚-女人也能做高层管理者琳达·维斯高级管理层的女性全世界的研究显示：正是由于人们心中对女性牢不可破的偏见，阻碍了她们在组织和企业的高级管理层中获得职位。
毫无例外的，占世界劳动力40％以上的女性，在许多国家从事管理工作的总人数却几乎不超过20％。
职位越高，性别差异的现象就越明显。
即使在规模最大，最有权利的组织机构，女性想要获得高层职位的可能性只有2％～3%。
举例来说,在女性工作能力相对较高的美国,女性比例占总劳动力的46％,一项对500家最大的公司（世界500强企业）调查显示：在1991，她们拥有最高层管理工作的只有2.4%，而高薪人员和总裁的仅占1。
9%（Catalyst ,1997）;另一项1991年巴西的调查显示：一些重点企业中只有3%的高级执行官是女性(de Avelar, 1994);1995年,德国最大的70000家中只有1%~3%的高级执行官和董事会成员是女性。
(Verlag Hoppenstedt GmbH，1995）。
最近几项研究结果恰到好处地说明了女性想要爬上高层的困难程度：在同一个岗位上,女性往往比男性要求有更高的学历和更强的工作能力。
在女性管理者的调查中发现,为了获得提升，女性不得不比男性更加努力工作，表现得更出色，而这一特征也被频繁引用来说明问题。
牙买加的一项企业调查中表明，即使女性在参加工作前比男性学习的时间更长,在中级管理层，取得的进步更快，但仍要经过相当长的时间才能获得高级管理的位置.（Gershenberg,1994，p。
321）。
另外一个土耳其国内服务行业的例子，描述了女性在总的管理工作中的程度，其中停留在中级管理层水平的情况居多：1996年，女性在中级管理职位中占32%，总经理的占12%，但是任副部长的只有2%多一点。
高级英语第二册(张汉熙)课文翻译
高级英语第二册课文翻译第一课迎战卡米尔号飓风第二课马拉喀什见闻第三课酒肆闲聊与标准英语第四课就职演说（1961年1月20日)第五课爱情就是谬误第六课从天窗中消失第七课爱丑之欲第八课工人是创造者还是机器第九课从奥米勒斯城出走的人第十课悲哀的青年一代第十一课英国人的未来第十二课一个发现:做一个美国人意味着什么第十三课为死刑辩护第十四课亦爱亦恨话纽约第一课迎战卡米尔号飓风小约翰。
柯夏克已料到，卡米尔号飓风来势定然凶猛。
就在去年8月17日那个星期天，当卡米尔号飓风越过墨西哥湾向西北进袭之时,收音机和电视里整天不断地播放着飓风警报。
柯夏克一家居住的地方一—密西西比州的高尔夫港——肯定会遭到这场飓风的猛烈袭击.路易斯安那、密西西比和亚拉巴马三州沿海一带的居民已有将近15万人逃往内陆安全地带。
但约翰就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样,不愿舍弃家园，要他下决心弃家外逃,除非等到他的一家人一-妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄从三岁到十一岁的孩子一一眼看着就要灾祸临头。
为了找出应付这场风灾的最佳对策,他与父母商量过。
两位老人是早在一个月前就从加利福尼亚迁到这里来,住进柯夏克一家所住的那幢十个房间的屋子里.他还就此征求过从拉斯韦加斯开车来访的老朋友查理？希尔的意见。
约翰的全部产业就在自己家里（他开办的玛格纳制造公司是设计、研制各种教育玩具和教育用品的。
公司的一切往来函件、设计图纸和工艺模具全都放在一楼)。
37岁的他对飓风的威力是深有体会的.四年前，他原先拥有的位于高尔夫港以西几英里外的那个家就曾毁于贝翠号飓风(那场风灾前夕柯夏克已将全家搬到一家汽车旅馆过夜)。
不过，当时那幢房子所处的地势偏低,高出海平面仅几英尺。
“我们现在住的这幢房子高了23英尺,，’他对父亲说,“而且距离海边足有250码远。
这幢房子是1915年建造的。
至今还从未受到过飓风的袭击。
我们呆在这儿恐怕是再安全不过了。
"老柯夏克67岁．是个语粗心慈的熟练机械师。
英语高级听力lesson 13 文档翻译
LESSON 13SECTION 11.A special committee of twelve senator s today began the impeachment trial of Federal Judge Harry Claiborne. It's the first such proceeding in fifteen years. Claiborne is serving a jail sentence for tax evasion.一个由十二位参议员组成的特殊委员会今天开始启动对联邦法官Harry Claiborne的弹劾。
这是十五年来第一次发生这样的诉讼。
Claiborne因为被判逃税而收押在监。
2 President Reagan today continued his campaign for a drug-free America. He ordered mandatory testing for federal workers in sensitive positions. And he also sent Congress a legislative package that would increase federal anti-drug spending by nine hundred million dollars, much of that on increased border patrols. The President said the legislation is the federal government's way of just saying no to drugs. "We're getting tough on drugs; we mean business. To those who are thinking of using drugs, we say 'Stop.' And to those who are pushing drugs, we say 'Beware.'" Mandatory drug testing for some federal workers is the most controversial part of the President's plan. It's been condemned by some employee groups.里根总统今天继续他的全国性禁毒行动。
高级英语课文翻译(下册)
Lesson OneThe Company in Which I Work我工作的公司约瑟夫·海勒我工作的公司里，每个人都至少害怕一个人。
职位越低，所惧怕的人越多。
所有的人都害怕那十二位顶层上司，他们帮助创建了这个公司，而且现在仍然大权在握。
所有这十二位都已经上了年纪，而且岁月的沧桑和对成功的执著追求使他们心力交瘁。
他们中很多人在这儿干了一辈子。
当我在大厅里遇见他们时，他们看上去非常友善、沉稳而心满意足，而且他们与别人一起乘坐公共电梯时又总是彬彬有礼、沉默不语。
他们不再努力工作。
他们主持会议，决定别人的晋升，任凭别人在准备发布的通告中使用他们的名字，没有人知道谁真正经营这家公司（甚至连人们认为现在经营着这家公司的那些人都不知道），然而公司的确在运转。
在平常的工作日里，我很害怕杰克·格林，这是因为我所在的部门属于他的部门，而杰克·格林是我的上司。
格林害怕我则是因为我的部门的绝大部分工作是为销售部所做的，而销售部比他的部门更重要，而且同他相比，我与迪·卡葛勒以及销售部的其他人员的关系更加密切。
格林偶尔也对我不信任，他有时会向我表示他希望我的部门的每一项工作在其他部门知道前要先让他知道。
我知道这不是他真正的意思，他自己的工作非常忙，根本就无暇顾及我们所有的工作。
我会将大部分工作绕过格林并直接交给需要它们的人，而不愿意占他的时间。
毕竟我们部门绝大部分工作只是微不足道的。
但是每当其他部门赞扬我们部门的工作时，格林就会变得不安，如果他从未看见或听到过的话，就更是恼羞成怒。
在我的部门里，有六个人害怕我，其中一个小秘书害怕我们所有的人。
有一个为我工作的人，他对任何人都毫不惧怕，甚至连我也不怕，我真想尽快把他解雇掉，然而我害怕他……公司里非常惧怕大多数人的人是销售人员，他们都生活和工作在极大压力之下，当情况不好时，对销售人员来说就会更糟。
而当情况较好时，他们也不会好到哪儿去。
高级英语第十三课课后习题答案
Lesson13 Britannia Rues the WavesI .1)Britain is sorry that she has lost her dominance on the high seas. Britain was proud of being the lord of the sea for along time, but now she regrets that she no longer enjoys a naval supremacy.2)Shipping is a major successful industry in Britain because it makes over ￡l 000 million a year in foreign exchange earnings, which is of vital importance for the country. The reasons for the success are that the British ship-owners have put in big investment and that there has been a conference fixing prices to avoid cut-throat competition.3)The stiff foreign competition comes from two main directions: from the Russians and the Eastern bloc countries who are massively expanding their merchant navies and doing their best to step into the international shipping trade by severely undercutting Western shipping companies, and from the merchant fleets of the developing countries, who are struggling to take over a big share of the trade between Europe and Africa, Asia and the Far East-routes over which Britain used to have a total dominance.4)A "conference" is in fact a cartel, whose role is to fix prices for all the member nations and companies. 5)The oil-tanker fleets.6)Because freight liners carry all sorts of different cargoes, so if there is a slump in" one particular industry, they may depend on others and survive.7)The Third World countries regard a merchant navy as a symbol of their national power and have expanded their fleets at an incredible rate. Yes, they are.8)They turn to high-technology investment. Yes, they are for the time being.9)On one hand, Russia wants to earn hard currencies, on the other, a deeper motive is that it desires to increase its sphere of influence in the world.10)The major problems are the Soviet Union's massive expansion of its merchant navy and undercutting of Western shipping companies, and UNCTAD, which guarantees the developing countries a major slice of the shipping trade. The problems also show that the capitalist world is divided rather than united as one.Ⅱ.1)cutting their way into the international shipping trade by charging much less freight rate than the Western shipping companies2)who are determined to take the biggest share of the trade3)Britain has important interests in these trade routes.4) They make it more difficult to make a large amount of money when economic conditions are favorable.5)But they make it easier to survive when economic conditions are unfavorable.6)More and more oil tankers the world over lay idle.7)Much of the fleet carries goods between foreign countries.8)British companies are doing much business on the line between Japan and Australia.9)Developing countries consider a merchant navy very important because it is asign of their economic power, so after they have set up a national airline, the next thing they would like to have is a merchant fleet.10)Neither the growth in Russia's trade nor that in world trade would demand sucha rapid development of Russia's cargo-liner fleet.11)These ships would certainly make it possible for she Soviet Union to exert its influence on countries far away from its territory.12)When these smaller shipping companies go bankrupt, a big part of the few old industries that have been doing well and earning huge profits will close down.Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.IV.1)NATO--North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织(北约)2)OAS—Organization of American States美洲国家组织3)OAU—Organization of African Unity非洲统一组织(非统)4)ASEAN—Association of Southeast Asian Nations东南亚国家联盟(东盟)5)OPEC—Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织6)SALT—Strategic Arms Limitation Talks限制战略武器会谈7)UNESCO—United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织8)M．I．T．-Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院9)BBC—British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司10)V．I．P．-very important person重要人物11)GMT—Greenwich mean time格林威治平均时12)GNP—gross national product国民生产总值13)KGB—Komite Gossudarstvennoi Bezopastnosti(Committee of State Security)国家安全委员会(克格勃)(苏联)14)ICBM—inter—continental ballistic missile洲际弹道导弹15)radar—radio detecting and ranging雷达16)laser—light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光V．1)the sea and shipping：merchant navy，merchant fleet, sea routes,the high seas，tonnage，ship—owners，shipping companies．merchant ships，shipping managers，sailing-ships．steam-ships，shipowners，shipping conference, shipbuilding boom．shipping industry，oil-tanker fleet, charter rates，tankers，bulk carriers，dry cargo，bulk—carrier fleet．shipping sectors，freight—liner services，liner— freight vessels，agreed routes，ports, shipment, liner ship，freight rate，cargo—liner fleet，sea—lanes，shipping fleet，shipping lines．2)economy and trade：foreign exchange，balance of payments，in deficit，shipping trade，undercut，invest，grant．tax concessions，competition，oil prices，depression。
高级英语下lesson 13课文翻译
Lesson Thirteen Work工作究竟工作是幸福还是痛苦的源泉，这可能是一个难以回答的问题。
Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question.毫无疑问有许多工作是非常令人厌烦的，而且过多的工作总是十分痛苦的事。
There is certainly much work which is exceedingly irksome, and an excess of work is always very painful.然而我认为，只要不过量，对多数人来说即使是最枯燥的工作也比终日无所事事要好些。
I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness.工作给人的愉快的程度多种多样，从仅仅是消烦解闷到产生巨大的快乐，这会随工作的性质和工作者的能力而异。
There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. 大多数人不得不从事的工作本身大都无乐趣可言，但即使是这样的工作也有一些很大的好处。
Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages.首先，工作可将一天的许多时间占满，人们不必再费神来决定应干些什么，大多数人在可以自由地按自己的愿望打发时间时，常常会不知所措，想不起有什么令人愉快的事值得去做。
00600高级英语 中英翻译B13_Selected Snobberies
Lesson ThirteenSelected Snobberies势利种种阿尔多斯?赫胥黎Lesson Thirteen Selected Snobberies13-1 All men are snobs about something. One is almost tempted to add : There is nothing about which men cannot feel snobbish.人人都有势利之处。
人们几乎很想加一句：任何东西都可引起人们的势利感。
But this would doubtless be an exaggeration(夸張).不过这一点无疑会是一种夸张。
There are certain disfiguring(毀容) and mortal(致命) diseases about which there has probably never been any snobbery.也许对某些毁容或致命的疾病从来没有使人感到势利，I cannot imagine, for exameple, that there are any leprosy-snobs.例如我无法想像会有麻风病势利者。
More picturesque diseases, even when they are dangerous, and less dangerous diseases, particularly when they are the diseases of the rich, can be and veryfrequently are a source of snobbish self-importance.一些纵使有危险但较为别致的疾病，以及不太危险的病，特别是富人爱得的病，能够并常常是使人感到势利、自以为了不起的根源。
I have met several adolescent consumption-snobs , who thought that it would be romantic to fade away in the flower of youth , like Keats or Marie Bashkirtseff. Alas,我遇见过好几位因患肺结核而有势利感的年轻人，他们觉得很像济慈或玛丽?巴什基尔采夫那样在青春妙龄时死去是很浪漫的一件事。
高级英语第十三课课后习题答案
Lesson13 Britannia Rues the WavesI 、1)Britain is sorry that she has lost her dominance on the high seas、Britain was proud of being the lord of the sea for along time, but now she regrets that she no longer enjoys a naval supremacy、2)Shipping is a major successful industry in Britain because it makes over ￡l 000 million a year in foreign exchange earnings, which is of vital importance for the country、The reasons for the success are that the British ship-owners have put in big investment and that there has been a conference fixing prices to avoid cut-throat competition、3)The stiff foreign competition comes from two main directions: from the Russians and the Eastern bloc countries who are massively expanding their merchant navies and doing their best to step into the international shipping trade by severely undercutting Western shipping companies, and from the merchant fleets of the developing countries, who are struggling to take over a big share of the trade between Europe and Africa, Asia and the Far East-routes over which Britain used to have a total dominance、4)A "conference" is in fact a cartel, whose role is to fix prices for all the member nations and companies、5)The oil-tanker fleets、6)Because freight liners carry all sorts of different cargoes, so if there is a slump in" one particular industry, they may depend on others and survive、7)The Third World countries regard a merchant navy as a symbol of their national power and have expanded their fleets at an incredible rate、Yes, they are、8)They turn to high-technology investment、Yes, they are for the time being、9)On one hand, Russia wants to earn hard currencies, on the other, a deeper motive is that it desires to increase its sphere of influence in the world、10)The major problems are the Soviet Union's massive expansion of its merchant navy and undercutting of Western shipping companies, and UNCTAD, which guarantees the developing countries a major slice of the shipping trade、The problems also show that the capitalist world is divided rather than united as one、Ⅱ、1)cutting their way into the international shipping trade by charging much less freight rate than the Western shipping companies2)who are determined to take the biggest share of the trade3)Britain has important interests in these trade routes、4) They make it more difficult to make a large amount of money when economic conditions are favorable、5)But they make it easier to survive when economic conditions are unfavorable、6)More and more oil tankers the world over lay idle、7)Much of the fleet carries goods between foreign countries、8)British companies are doing much business on the line between Japan and Australia、9)Developing countries consider a merchant navy very important because it is asign of their economic power, so after they have set up a national airline, the next thing they would like to have is a merchant fleet、10)Neither the growth in Russia's trade nor that in world trade would demand sucha rapid development of Russia's cargo-liner fleet、11)These ships would certainly make it possible for she Soviet Union to exert its influence on countries far away from its territory、12)When these smaller shipping companies go bankrupt, a big part of the few old industries that have been doing well and earning huge profits will close down、Ⅲ、See the translation of the text、IV、1)NATO--North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织(北约)2)OAS—Organization of American States美洲国家组织3)OAU—Organization of African Unity非洲统一组织(非统)4)ASEAN—Association of Southeast Asian Nations东南亚国家联盟(东盟)5)OPEC—Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织6)SALT—Strategic Arms Limitation Talks限制战略武器会谈7)UNESCO—United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization联合国教科文组织8)M.I.T.-Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院9)BBC—British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司10)V.I.P.-very important person重要人物11)GMT—Greenwich mean time格林威治平均时12)GNP—gross national product国民生产总值13)KGB—Komite Gossudarstvennoi Bezopastnosti(Committee of State Security)国家安全委员会(克格勃)(苏联)14)ICBM—inter—continental ballistic missile洲际弹道导弹15)radar—radio detecting and ranging雷达16)laser—light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光V.1)the sea and shipping:merchant navy,merchant fleet, sea routes,the high seas,tonnage,ship—owners,shipping companies.merchant ships,shipping managers,sailing-ships.steam-ships,shipowners,shipping conference, shipbuilding boom.shipping industry,oil-tanker fleet, charter rates,tankers,bulk carriers,dry cargo,bulk—carrier fleet.shipping sectors,freight—liner services,liner—freight vessels,agreed routes,ports, shipment, liner ship,freight rate,cargo—liner fleet,sea—lanes,shipping fleet,shipping lines.2)economy and trade:foreign exchange,balance of payments,in deficit,shipping trade,undercut,invest,grant. tax concessions,competition,oil prices,depression。
listen to this：高级英语听力 lesson 13
listen to this：高级英语听力 lesson 13 Lesson ThirteenSection One： News in BriefTapescript1. A special committee of twelve senators today began theimpeachment trial of Federal J udge Harry Claiborne.It's the firstsuch proceeding in fifteen years. Claiborne is serving a jail sentencefor tax evasion.2. President Reagan today continued his campaign for a drUg7freeAmerica. He ordered mandatory testing for federal workers in sensi-tive positions. And he also sent Congress a legislative package thatwould increase federal anti-drug spending by nine hundred milliondollars, much of that on increased border patrols. The President saidthe legislation is the federal government's way of just saying no todrugs. "We're getting tough on drugs; we mean business. To thosewho are thinking of using drugs, we say 'Stop.' And to those whoare pushing drugs, we say 'Beware.' " Mandatory drug testing forsome federal workers is the most controversial part of the President'splan. It's been condemned by some employee groups.3. One person was killed and more than fifty injured today in Pariswhen a bomb exploded at the drivers' permit office at police head-quarters. It was the fourth blast in seven days in the French capital.Section Two： News in DetailTapescriptin Paris today, one person was killed and more than fifty wereinjured when a bomb exploded at police headquarters. This is thefourth attack on a crowded public target in a week. A police officerwas killed yesterday while removing a bomb from a restaurant onthe Avenue Champs Elysee. Minutes after that incident, Prime Min-ister Jacques Chirac announced new security measures aimed atcurbing terrorist activities in, France. Melodie Walker reports fromParis.A group calling itself 'the Committee for Solidarity with Araband Middle-Eastern Prisoners' has claimed responsibility for thecurrent series of bombings in Paris, in addition to ten other attacksin the French capital over the past year. The Committee has deliv-ered messages to news agencies in Beirut threatening to continue itsbombing campaign in Paris until the French government agrees torelease three men jailed in France on charges of terrorism. One of theconvicted prisoners, George lbraham Abdullah, is believed to be theleader of the Lebanese Army Faction suspected of killing a US mili-tary attache in Paris in 1982. The French government has officiallydeclared it will not release tht prisoners. In response to the repeatedattacks in Paris, Prime Minister Chirac last night announced newanti-terrorist measures： military patrols along the French boiderswill be increased and, beginning today, all foreigners will require avisa to enter France. Citizens of European Common Market coun-tries and Switzerland will be exempt from the visa requirement. ButAmericans planning to visit France will need to apply for visas at thenearest French consulate. For an initial period of fifteen days, how-ever, emergency visas will be granted at French airports and otherborder checkpoints. France has been plagued with terrorism at homeand abroad in recent years. In the past two weeks, three Frenchmembers of the United Nations peace keeping force in Lebanonhave been killed by remote-controlled bombs. Today, France,calledfor an emergency meeting of the UN Security Council to discuss therole and safety of the force. Seven French hostages in Beirut are alsoa major concern for the Chirac government. Dominique Moazi, As-sociate Director of the French Institute forInternational Relations,says the bombings in Paris, the attacks on the UN troops, and thehostage situation are all indirectly related.'I think there is a global goal, which is looked after, and that isto punish France for its involvement in Middle-Eastern affairs, ei-ther Lebanon or the war between Iran and Iraq. And France is, atthe same time, more visible than any other European actors, inLebanon and in the Gulf.'According to Moazi, the long French tradition of granting polit-ical asylum has made France more open and accessible to terroristactivities."In the past we have given, unfortunately, the impression, whichwas maybe a reality, of being less resolute in our treatment of terror-ist action than, for example, the Israelis. So that combination of visi-bility, vulnerability, and lack of resolution has made us the ideal tar-get of terrorists now.'In a statement released today, President FrancoisMitterandsaid, ' The fight against terrorism is the business ofthe entirenation.' But despite the govemment's determination to combat ter-rorism, the question of how to do it remains unanswered. For Na-tional Public Radio, this is Melodie Walker in Paris.Section Three： Special ReportTapescriptThe United States Senate Intelligence Committee today releaseda report calling for sweeping changes in US security policies andcounter-intelligence, its first unclassified assessment of recent spycases. The Committee says the damage done has cost billions of dol-lars, threatening America's security,as never before. NPR's DavidMalthus has the story.The report states that the damage done from espionage and laxsecurity is worse than anyone in the government has yet acknow-ledged publicly. It concludes that US military plans and capabilitieshave been seriously compromised, intelligence operations gravelyimpaired. US technological advantages have been overcome in someareas because of spying. And diplomatic secrets were exposed to ad-versaries. Vermont Democrat Patrick Leahy is Vice-Chairman ofthe Senate Intelligence Committee.'The national security is many times threatened more by thisthan by the buildup of Soviet arms, or the buildup of Soviet person-nel, or breakthrough in weapon development."The Committee report says foreign intelligence services havepenetrated some of the most vital parts of US defense, intelligence,and foreign policy structures. The report cites a string of recentcases, including the Walker-Whitworth spy ring, which gave the So-viets the ability to decode at least a million military communications.Despite some improvements by the Reagan Administration in securi-ty and tough talk over the last two years, the report also concludesthat the administration has failed to follow through with enoughspecific steps to tighten security, and that its counter-intelligenceprograms have lacked the needed resources to be effective. Republi-can Dave Durenberger of Minnesota, Chairman of the IntelligenceCommittee, sums up the current situation this way：'Too many secrets, too much access to secrets, too many spies,too little accountability for securing our national secrets, and too lit-tle effort given to combatting the very real threat which spies repre-sent to our national security.'Senator Durenberger said the Committee found someprogresshas been made in toughening up security clearances for personnel,and some additional resources have been devoted to counteringtechnical espionage, but he said much more needs to bedone and hedescribed the current security system as one 'paralyzed by bureau-cratic inertia.' The Committee makes ninety-five specific recom-me,ndations, including greater emphasis on re-investigations ofcleared personnel, a streamlined classification system, more moneyfor counter-intelligence elements of the FBI, CIA and the militaryservices, and tighter controls on foreign diplomats from hostile coun-tries. The report cites FBI assessments on how extensively the Sovi-ets use, diplomatic cover to hide spying activity. There aretwenty-one hundred diplomats, UN officials, and trade representa-tives from the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact countries living in theUnited States. And according to the FBI, 30% of them are profes-sional intelligence officers. The Committee report also says the Sovi-et Union is effectively using United Nations organizationsworldwide to conduct spying operations. It says approximately eighthundred Soviets work for UN agencies, three hundred of them inNew York, and one fourth of those are working for the KGB or theSoviet military intelligence, the GRU. Next week, the Reagan Ad-ministration is to deliver to. the Congress its, classified report oncounter-intelligence. I'm David Malthus in Washington.。
高级英语第十三课课后习题答案
Lesson13 Britannia Rues the WavesI .1)Britain is sorry that she has lost her dominance on the high seas. Britain was proud of being the lord of the sea for along time, but now she regrets that she no longer enjoys a naval supremacy.2)Shipping is a major successful industry in Britain because it makes over ￡l 000 million a year in foreign exchange earnings, which is of vital importance for the country. The reasons for the success are that the British ship-owners have put in big investment and that there has been a conference fixing prices to avoid cut-throat competition.3)The stiff foreign competition comes from two main directions: from the Russians and the Eastern bloc countries who are massively expanding their merchant navies and doing their best to step into the international shipping trade by severely undercutting Western shipping companies, and from the merchant fleets of the developing countries, who are struggling to take over a big share of the trade between Europe and Africa, Asia and the Far East-routes over which Britain used to have a total dominance.4)A "conference" is in fact a cartel, whose role is to fix prices for all the member nations and companies. 5)The oil-tanker fleets.6)Because freight liners carry all sorts of different cargoes, so if there is a slump in" one particular industry, they may depend on others and survive.7)The Third World countries regard a merchant navy as a symbol of their national power and have expanded their fleets at an incredible rate. Yes, they are.8)They turn to high-technology investment. Yes, they are for the time being.9)On one hand, Russia wants to earn hard currencies, on the other, a deeper motive is that it desires to increase its sphere of influence in the world.10)The major problems are the Soviet Union's massive expansion of its merchant navy and undercutting of Western shipping companies, and UNCTAD, which guarantees the developing countries a major slice of the shipping trade. The problems also show that the capitalist world is divided rather than united as one.Ⅱ.1)cutting their way into the international shipping trade by charging much less freight rate than the Western shipping companies2)who are determined to take the biggest share of the trade3)Britain has important interests in these trade routes.4) They make it more difficult to make a large amount of money when economic conditions are favorable.5)But they make it easier to survive when economic conditions are unfavorable.6)More and more oil tankers the world over lay idle.7)Much of the fleet carries goods between foreign countries.8)British companies are doing much business on the line between Japan and Australia.9)Developing countries consider a merchant navy very important because it is asign of their economic power, so after they have set up a national airline, the next thing they would like to have is a merchant fleet.10)Neither the growth in Russia's trade nor that in world trade would demand sucha rapid development of Russia's cargo-liner fleet.11)These ships would certainly make it possible for she Soviet Union to exert its influence on countries far away from its territory.12)When these smaller shipping companies go bankrupt, a big part of the few old industries that have been doing well and earning huge profits will close down.Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.IV.1)NATO--North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织(北约)2)OAS—Organization of American States美洲国家组织3)OAU—Organization of African Unity非洲统一组织(非统)4)ASEAN—Association of Southeast Asian Nations东南亚国家联盟(东盟)5)OPEC—Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织6)SALT—Strategic Arms Limitation Talks限制战略武器会谈7)UNESCO—United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织8)M．I．T．-Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院9)BBC—British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司10)V．I．P．-very important person重要人物11)GMT—Greenwich mean time格林威治平均时12)GNP—gross national product国民生产总值13)KGB—Komite Gossudarstvennoi Bezopastnosti(Committee of State Security)国家安全委员会(克格勃)(苏联)14)ICBM—inter—continental ballistic missile洲际弹道导弹15)radar—radio detecting and ranging雷达16)laser—light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光V．1)the sea and shipping：merchant navy，merchant fleet, sea routes,the high seas，tonnage，ship—owners，shipping companies．merchant ships，shipping managers，sailing-ships．steam-ships，shipowners，shipping conference, shipbuilding boom．shipping industry，oil-tanker fleet, charter rates，tankers，bulk carriers，dry cargo，bulk—carrier fleet．shipping sectors，freight—liner services，liner— freight vessels，agreed routes，ports, shipment, liner ship，freight rate，cargo—liner fleet，sea—lanes，shipping fleet，shipping lines．2)economy and trade：foreign exchange，balance of payments，in deficit，shipping trade，undercut，invest，grant．tax concessions，competition，oil prices，depression。
高级英语第十三课翻译
半难得停靠英国港口。我们的商船是远洋国际商船，也就是说，它们往来于外国与外国之间运输货物。例如，在日本至澳大利亚航线上，在日益发展的远东与中东之间的贸易航线上，以及在波斯湾周围的贸易航线上，英国海运公司都包揽着大量的生意。直到最近，这些航线对英国海运公司来说还是非常有利可图的，也是英国赚取外汇的主要来源。然而，它们也正是第三世界国家和苏联千方百计极力想争夺的航线。
例如，集装箱本是美国人的发明，但却是英国船主们投资首创了国际远洋集装箱海运业务。集装箱运输节省时间，因为装货作业在工厂或仓库里即可完成而不必在码头上完成。集装箱运输也非常安全可靠，有利于防盗；除箱体外面的编号外，集装箱上没有任何表明箱内所装是何货物的标记。要有效地利用集装箱这一技术革命的成果，必须拥有可与之配套的先进的公路和铁路运输系统，而这是大多数第三世界国家所不具备的条件。此外，集装箱货船造价高昂，每艘船大约为5 000万英镑。
有关海运方面的规定并不在意，因为这个规定可能还会有助于提高他们在海运生意中的分成比例。德国和比利时的情形也和法国一样。所以，英国不能指望欧共体在这个问题上采取一致的行动。在对待俄国方面，英国一直同西德和丹麦一道呼吁采取协调行动，监测俄国商船的动向，并限制停靠欧共体国家港口的俄国船只的数量。但在6月份，法国人却因其与俄国的特殊关系而阻碍这一计划的通过。而要到11月份，这一计划才能得到重新审议。
英国海运公司最终将有可能被完全挤出海运行业。有些海运公司，如东方远洋船运公司，业已转向从房屋建筑到石油开采等其他领域发展业务。而那些规模较小的海运公司却没有足够的财力来从事多样化经营，它们面临着破产的命运。一旦这些海运公司破产，英国有限的几个值得保留的传统产业的一大部分也会随之消亡。
多数第三世界的新兴国家都在努力提高用本国商船运载货物的比例。发展中国家将商船队看成国家地位的象征——是仅次于国家航空事业的优先发展目标。在最近15年中，新加坡将自己的商船队扩大了60倍，印度也扩大了4倍。
自考高级英语下Lesson 13 Selected Snobberies
• In so far as: 到 ... 的程度； 在 ... 范围内
e/take pride of place
• if something has or takes pride of place, it is put in the best place for people to see because it is the thing you are most proud of 摆在最显眼的位置
• Snobbery: behavior or attitudes which show that you think you are better than other people, because you belong to a higher social class or know much more than they do势利 • Snobbish a. behaving in a way that shows you think you are better than other people because you are from a higher social class or know more than they do势利的； 自命不凡的 Her family seems snobbish.
– There’s a danger of becoming complacent if you win a few games.
• the complacent poeticizings of these adolescents must seem as exasperating as they are profoundly pathetic：these teenage TB patients feel so satisfied with themselves that they romanticize their illness. They are so ignorant that people feel both very sorry for and annoyed at them.
高级英语(第三版)第二册第十三课 The Mansion A Subprime Parable
次级抵押贷款（subprime mortgage loan, 即“次级按揭贷款”）
• Subprime: having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate（最优惠贷款利率） and is extended especially to low-income borrowers.
●Poor lending and borrowing decisions
Financial Market
Mortgage Cash Flow
Declines
●Downward pressure on business investment
●Risk of increasing unemployment
And Foreclosure
●Home building
declines
Negative
Effects on
●Downward pressure on
Economy consumption as household
wealth declines
●Housing bubble bursts
●Household wealth declines
Subprime Mortgage CrisisDiagram
Housing Market
Causes of Housing Bubble
Excess Housing Inventory
Housing Price
Decline
高级英语下lesson 13
at any rate : in any event ; in any case 不管怎样。 如：I will leave him alone at any rate.
apt :likely , having a tendency 常会，容易（有某种倾向）。 如：A careless person is apt to make
maximum :
(being) the highest amount, value, or degree
that can be reached 最大限度。 如: My maximum is 240. He smokes a maximum of 30 cigarettes a day. My salary is not at its maximum yet. 我的工资还未到最高水平。 It requires your maximum effort.
Lesson 13 work
exceeding extraordinary or exceptional exceedingly :extremely 极其。 irksome irk : to annoy , esp . in a provoking or tedious way 令人讨厌。 如: It irks me to do such tedious work.
drudgery :
苦工 drudge :a person who does menial, dull or
hard work. 勤苦地做单调乏味的苦工的人。
sensation(s) :
widespread excitement or interest. 轰动。
first and foremost:
高级英语第二册第十三课课文翻译 高级英语2 第13课 Unit 13 Lesson 13
第十三课为死刑辩护《中世纪》杂志上刊载了我随便讲的一番话后，许多反对死刑的信件和小册子向我飞来。
这些信件，有的是对我的观点表示遗憾，有的是对我的观点给予斥责。
他们要我承认自己不是愚昧无知就是麻木不仁，责问我是否知道面临着一场世界性的废除死刑的运动，而且这场运动已经得到了包括法学家在内的各界有识之士的广泛支持；他们说将人处死既无人道又违背科学。
因为无论是强奸犯还是杀人犯，其实都是病人，对他们应当给予医治而不应该处死。
他们要我认真地思考并认识到将人处死的任何形式所引起的恐惧都是不堪容忍的。
的确，这场废除死刑的运动已遍及世界，而且已宣传得深入人心，尤其在英国更是如此。
这场运动的领导者就是我的老友兼出版商维克托?高兰兹先生，还有阿瑟?凯斯特勒、CH罗尔夫、詹姆斯?艾弗里?乔伊斯、约翰?巴里爵士等一批享有盛名的作家。
国内外精神病学界的人士都倾向于采取治病救人的方针，而且许多自由派报纸，譬如《观察家报》就极力地主张彻底废除死刑。
在美国，至少有25个州级协会、一家全国性协会以及一系列教派在为此目的而努力，其中最引人注意的是教友派和主教派。
如此之多的英才贤士群起支持一项善意的提议，当然会使任何敌对的一方望而却步。
为了阐明我的观点(尽管我的观点目前几乎不得人心)，我得申明我的结论是可以争辩的，也就是说，我仍愿意服从真理，但条件是首先必须澄清废除派论点中的某些谬误和强词夺理之言；这些问题必须解决，而不能置之不理。
若能做到这些，我当然非常高兴。
这不仅是因为看到无懈可击的事实乃一件乐事，而且是因为我并不比别人更好杀戳；我很希望能看到有既能维护社会又能保护罪犯(而不是将罪犯处死)的好办法，但我要重申，这些办法必须能切实解决我将要谈到的一些问题，而不能对此回避或拖延。
在开始之前我还要补充说明一句：我或许再不会答复有关这个使人们反应强烈的问题的任何来信。
如果这篇公开发表的文章还不能证明我的论点的话，那么，匆匆往复的私人信函也不可能起什么作用。
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Lesson Thirteen Work工作究竟工作是幸福还是痛苦的源泉，这可能是一个难以回答的问题。
Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question.毫无疑问有许多工作是非常令人厌烦的，而且过多的工作总是十分痛苦的事。
There is certainly much work which is exceedingly irksome, and an excess of work is always very painful.然而我认为，只要不过量，对多数人来说即使是最枯燥的工作也比终日无所事事要好些。
I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness.工作给人的愉快的程度多种多样，从仅仅是消烦解闷到产生巨大的快乐，这会随工作的性质和工作者的能力而异。
There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker.大多数人不得不从事的工作本身大都无乐趣可言，但即使是这样的工作也有一些很大的好处。
Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages.首先，工作可将一天的许多时间占满，人们不必再费神来决定应干些什么，大多数人在可以自由地按自己的愿望打发时间时，常常会不知所措，想不起有什么令人愉快的事值得去做。
To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing.而他们的决定又总是受到干扰，觉得干别的什么事也许会更令人愉快。
And whatever they decide on, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter.能够有意义地利用闲暇时间是文明发展到最高阶段的结果，而目前很少有人能达到这一层次。
To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level.何况作出选择本身就是件令人厌烦的事。
Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome.除了那些具有非凡主动性的人，其他的人肯定有人乐于被告诉一天中的每时每刻该做什么，当然命令他们做的事不能太令人厌烦。
Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant.多数无所事事的阔佬免遭从事单调乏味工作之苦，但代价是莫名其妙的无聊。
Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from drudgery.有时他们去非洲猎取巨兽或环绕世界飞行来解闷，但这类刺激的数量有限，尤其到了中年以后更是如此。
At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but thenumber of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past.因此较为明智的阔佬们工作起来几乎像穷人一样卖力，而有钱的女人则大多忙于她们自以为具有震撼世界般重要性的无数琐事。
Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of whose earthshaking importance they are firmly persuaded.因此人们愿意工作，首先因为工作可防止产生无聊感。
比起终日无所事事而造成的无聊来，人们在干着虽必要但缺乏兴趣的工作时所感到的枯燥无聊就不值一提了。
Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days.与工作的这一好处相关的还有一个好处，那就是假日到来会令人感到更加美妙。
只要一个人的工作不至于累得他体力不支，那么他就会从他的闲暇时间里得到无所事事的人绝对得不到的极大乐趣。
With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.多数有报酬的工作和某些没有报酬的工作还有第二个好处，那就是它们提供了成功的机会和实现抱负的可能。
The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition.在多数工作中，收入的多少是衡量成功与否的标准，当我们这个资本主义社会继续存在时，这是不可避免的。
In most work success is measured by income and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable.只有在工作最好的情况下收入才不再被用作当然的衡量标准。
It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. 人们想增加收入当然是出自钱多了可以获得更多的舒适享受这一愿望，但同样也出自想获得成功的愿望。
The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can procure.无论工作多么枯燥单调，如果它是能够使人逐渐成名的手段，无论是在世界上出名还是就在自己的圈子里出名，那么这工作就不再难以忍受了。
However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in one's own circle.归根结底，幸福的最重要的因素之一是有始终如一的目的。
而对多数人来说这样的目的主要来自他们的工作。
Continuity of purpose is one of the most essential ingredients of happiness in the long run, and for most men this comes chiefly through their work.在这一点上，终日从事家务的妇女便远不如男子幸运，也没有走出家庭参加工作的妇女幸运。
In this respect those women whose lives are occupied with housework are much less fortunate than men, or than women who work outside the home.家庭妇女没有工资，无法改善自己的状况，她所干的一切在她的丈夫看来都是理所当然的（她的丈夫对此几乎是熟视无睹），丈夫欣赏的不是她干的家务活，而是她的其他品质。