简明英语语法教程
新编英语语法简明教程修订版答案
新编英语语法简明教程修订版答案1、53．On your way home, you can buy some fruit, meat, vegetables and ________. [单选题] * A．something else(正确答案)B．else somethingC．everything elseD．else everything2、I’ve got some very _______ news to tell you. [单选题] *A. exciting(正确答案)B. comfortableC. convenientD. beautiful3、Last year Polly _______ an English club and has improved her English a lot. [单选题] *A. leftB. sawC. joined(正确答案)D. heard4、68．—How ________ apples do you want?—I want two kilos. How ________ are they?—They are 5 yuan. [单选题] *A．much; manyB．many; much(正确答案)C．many; manyD．much; much5、Customers see location as the first factor when_____a decision about buying a house. [单选题] *A.makeB.to makeC.making(正确答案)D.made6、People always _____ realize the importance of health _____ they lose it. [单选题] *A. not... untilB. don't... until(正确答案)C. /; untilD. /; not until7、If you want to _______, you’d better eat more healthy food and do more exercise. [单选题] *A. keep fatB. keep calmC. keep healthy(正确答案)D. keep on8、My camera is lost. I am ______ it everywhere.（）[单选题] *A. looking atB. looking for(正确答案)C. looking overD. looking after9、The managing director took the（）for the accident, although it was not his fault. [单选题] *A. GuiltB. charge(正确答案)C. blameD. accusation10、7．—________ is the Shanghai Wild Animal Park?—It’s 15km east of the Bund. [单选题] *A．WhoB．WhatC．WhenD．Where (正确答案)11、Li Lei often takes a walk early ______ the morning.（）[单选题] *A. atB. onC. in(正确答案)D. for12、When we take a trip,we usually have to _______ a hotel. [单选题] *A. takeB. stayC. book(正确答案)D. bring13、You can ask（）is on duty there tonight. [单选题] *A. WhatB. whomC. whoever(正确答案)D. whomever14、—Would you like some milk?—Yes, just _____, please. [单选题] *A. a little(正确答案)B. littleC. a fewD. few15、_______ songs is my favorite. [单选题] *A. To Singing EnglishB. Singing English(正确答案)C. Singings EnglishD. Sing English16、Wang Dong usually gets up at 6:00 _______ he can catch the early school bus. [单选题] *A. as ifB. so that(正确答案)C. untilD. after17、---Where’s that report?---I brought it to you ____you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. [单选题] *A. ifB. when(正确答案)C. becauseD. before18、Hearing that he had passed _____ health examination, he immediately made _____ call to his parents. [单选题] *A. a; /B. the; /C. the; a(正确答案)D. a; the19、He spoke too fast, and we cannot follow him. [单选题] *A. 追赶B. 听懂(正确答案)C. 抓住D. 模仿20、Study hard, ______ you won’t pass the exam. [单选题] *A. or(正确答案)B. andC. butD. if21、Nobody noticed the thief slip into the shop, because the lights happened to _______. [单选题] *A. put outB. turn outC. give outD. go out(正确答案)22、Tony is a quiet student, _______ he is active in class. [单选题] *A. soB. andC. but(正确答案)D. or23、Miss Smith is a friend of _____. [单选题] *A. Jack’s sister’s(正确答案)B. Jack’s sisterC. Jack sister’sD. Jack sister24、You should _______ fighting with your parents although you may have different ideas from time to time. [单选题] *A. suggestB. enjoyC. avoid(正确答案)D. practice25、Thank you very much. You gave us ____ our factory needed. [单选题] *A. informationB. informationsC. the information(正确答案)D. the informations26、She serves as a secretary in a university. [单选题] *A. 为…服务B. 担任…职务(正确答案)C. 竞争…服务D. 申请…职务27、I live a very quiet and peaceful life. [单选题] *A. 宁静的(正确答案)B. 舒适的C. 和平的D. 浪漫的28、( ) It ___ the Chinese people 8 years to build the Dam. [单选题] *A. took(正确答案)B. costsC. paidD. spends29、Can you give her some ______ ? [单选题] *A. advice(正确答案)B. suggestionC. advicesD. suggest30、The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her（）attitude towards customers. [单选题] *A. impartialB. mildC. hostile(正确答案)D. opposing。
新编英语语法简明教程第1章选择题
第1章Multiple choice:1) ____he comes, we won't be able to go.A. WithoutB. UnlessC. ExceptD. Even答案：B 这是一个复合句，前面是一个由unless引导的条件状语从句。
Unless是连词，without和except都是介词，even是一个副词，只有连词能够引导从句。
2) Sarah hopes to become a friend of____ shares her interests.A. anyoneB. whomeverC. whoeverD. no matter who答案：C 这是一个包含宾语从句的复合句。
“whoever shares her interest”是一个宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，从句中whoever是主语，故此只能用主格。
如果选A的话，这个句子就有两个谓语动词，而之间并没有并列连词，且“shares...”和句子主语Sarah语义上并不存在主谓关系，可以在anyone后面加一个who构成定语从句，修饰anyone；或将shares改成非谓语动词sharing。
选项D “no matter who”只能用来引导让步状语从句，不可以引导名词性从句。
3) ____you don't like him is none of my business.A. WhatB. WhoC. ThatD. Whether答案：C 句子当中“_____ you don’t like him”是一个主语从句，从句中引导词后面的主谓结构是完整的，因此引导词只能是副词类或连词类引导词，根据句意这里应该是“你不喜欢他”这个事实而不是“你是否不喜欢他”这个问题。
4)____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It答案：D 这是一个“It”作形式主语，主语从句后置作真正主语的句子。
新编简明英语语言学教程第二版戴炜栋10LanguageAcquisition
Language environment & the critical period hypothesis
▪ Two important factors: the linguistic environment children are exposed to and the age they start to learn the language.( P.147 Victor 12; Genie 13.5)
Theories of child language acquisition
▪ A behaviorist (行为主义者）viБайду номын сангаасw of language acquisition (Skinners)
▪ An innatist （语法天生主义者） view of language acquisition (Chomsky)
▪ The weak version holds that language learning will be more difficult and incomplete after puberty. (Support in Victor’s and Genie’s cases)
Stages in child language development
An interactionist view of language acquisition
▪ The interactionist view holds that language develops as a result of the complex interplay between the human characteristics of the child and the environment in which the child develops. Integrated with the innatist view, the interactionist further claims that the modified language which is suitable for the child’s capability is crucial in his language acquisition. (motherese 保姆式语言)
简明英语语法(全集)
不规则变化
4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。
b. news 是不可数名词。
c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是
the Bowmans。
2）单复同形 如： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese
以辅音字母+y 变y 为i
结尾的词
再加es 读 /z/
baby---babies
第三页，共209页。
) 以y 1结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，
变复数：
如： two Marys
the Henrys
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
比较： 层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories
1) 表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
新编英语语法简明教程第5章选择与改错
第5章动词的时和体（一）PretestMultiple choice:1)-Can I join your club, Dad?-You can when you_____ a bit older.A.will getB. getC. are gettingD. will have got答案：B 时间或条件状语从句中的谓语动词使用现在时表示将来的动作。
2) He'll be an astronaut by the time he ____thirty.A. will beB. has beenC. isD. is going to be答案：C 时间或条件状语从句中的谓语动词使用现在时表示将来的动作。
3) I first met Lisa three years ago. She _____ at a radio shop at the time.A. has workedB. was workingC. had workedD. had been working答案：B 过去进行时，表示过去某时间点正在进行的动作，此处表示我第一次见Lisa时她正从事的工作。
4)- Nancy is not coming tonight.- But she_____!A. promisesB. promisedC. will promiseD. had promised答案：B 根据句意Nancy是过去作出的承诺，应该使用一般现在时。
5)Davida_____ book about China last year, but I don't know whether he hasfinished it.A.wroteB. is writingC. was writingD. is to write答案：C 过去进行时也可以表示过去某段时间内反复的动作。
6)- Hey, look where you're going!- Oh, I'm terribly sorry_A. I'm not noticingB.I wasn't noticingC. I haven't noticedD.I don't notice答案：B 根据意义是说话之前（过去）没有注意。
新编英语语法简明教程第17章
第17章代词Multiple choice:Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of_____.A.themB.theirsC.herD.hers答案：B 在双重所有格当中应该使用名词性物主代词，这里指代的是前面两个人应该用theirs。
2)These wild flowers are so special I would do_____ I can to save them.A.whateverB. thatC.whichD.whichever答案：A 这个句子是一个复合句，首先句子中有一个so...(that)...引导的结果状语从句，从句中谓语动词do后面跟了一个whatever引导的宾语从句，从句中省去了谓语动词do，（从句应该是whatever I can do），后面不定式表目的。
（what指的是事物，which指的是哪一个人或物）3)Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can't remember_____.4) A.where B.there C.what D.which答案：D 句子指的是“我记不得其中的哪一个了”。
5)Few pleasures can equal_____ of a cool drink on a hot day.6)A. some B. any C.that D.those答案：C 这个句子中的that=the pleasure5) Sarah hopes to become a friend of_____ shares her interests.A.anyoneB.whoeverC.whomeverD.anybody答案：B 这个宾语从句中缺主语，应该用主格。
6) Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but_____ didn't help.A.thatB.whichC. sheD.it答案：D 这里的it指的是前面整个事情。
新编英语语法简明教程第2章选择与改错
第2章Multiple Choice:1)The government_____ itself into serious trouble if it doesn't solve the economic problem.A. hasB. getC. will getD. had答案：C “get oneself into trouble” 使自身陷入困境；从句用一般现在时，主句应该用一般将来时。
2) It was very noisy in the hall. I _____make myself heard above the noise.A. can'tB. couldn'tC. won'tD. wouldn't答案：B 两个句子应该保持时态一致。
且这里表示的是因为噪音我不具备让别人听见我的声音的能力。
3)E-mail, as well as telephones, _____an important part in daily communication.A. is playingB. have playedC. are playingD. play答案：A 谓语动词应该和主语保持一致；这里的主语只是“E-mail”。
4) _____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. WhoB. The oneC. AnyoneD. Whoever答案：D 句中“______ has helped to save the drowning girl”是一个主语从句，从句中缺主语，可以用who或whoever，但是前者指的是某个或某些固定的人，而后者指的是任何人；如果使用anyone作主语，后面应该再加一个who，引导定语从句，修饰anyone。
5) _____is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools israpidly increasing.A.WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It答案：B 这是as引导的非限制性定语从句。
新编简明英语语言学教程04Chapter-4-gram
The criteria on which categories are determined
确定词的范畴的标准
Meaning (意义) Inflection (屈折变化) Distribution(分布)
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Word categories often bear some relationship with its meaning. e.g.
9
Major lexical categories play a very important role in sentence formation. They differ from minor lexical categories in that they are often assumed to be the heads around which phrases are built.
14
‘s; -ed, -ing; -er, -est… Although inflection is very helpful in determining a
word’s category, it does not always suffice. Some words do not take inflections. Moisture, fog, sheep; Frequent, intelligent Note: The most reliable criterion of determining a word’s category is its distribution.
因此, 一个词的分布情况与其意义和屈折变化 能力的信息一起对于确定它的句法范畴有帮助.
16
Phrase categories and their structures
新编英语语法简明教程第18章
第18章数词和量词PRETESTMultiple choice:1)He wrote a _____report to describe the accident in detail.A.10 thousand wordB.10-thousand-wordC.10-thousands-wordD.10-thousands-words答案：B hundred, thousand, million, billion等表示确切的数字时不能用复数形式，由连字符连接的复合形容词当中的名词应该使用单数形式。
2)We are going to learn _____next week.A. Lesson TwelveB. Lesson TwelfthC. Twelfth LessonD. the Lesson Twelfth答案：A 第12课应该是“Lesson Twelve或者the Twelfth Lesson”。
3) The hero of the story is an artist in his_____.A.thirtiethB.thirty'sC.thirtyD. thirties答案：D in one’s thirties表示“在某人三十来岁的时候”。
4)Shortly after the accident, two_____ police were sent to the spot to keep order.A.dozen ofB.dozensC.dozenD. dozens of答案：C dozen和score在表示确切数字的时候后面不加-s，通常也不跟of。
5)Don't all speak at once! _____,please. A. Each at one time B. One by one time C. One for each time D. One at a time答案：D at a time每次，逐一，依次at one time曾经，一度6)He did it _____it took me.A.one-third a timeB.one-third timeC.the one-third timeD.one-third the time答案：D 首先前面应该是分数词，其次后面是特指的时间“the time”。
新编英语语法简明教程第4章选择与改错
第4章PretestMultiple choice:1) We tried to find a table for seven, but the tables were all_____A. given awayB. taken awayC. taken upD. used up答案：C give away 捐赠，泄露take away 解除，消除，带回食用take up 占据，占用，开始做use up 用光2)Would you please_____ the paper for me and see if there are any mistakes.A. look aroundB. look intoC. look upD. look through答案：D look around 环视，游览look into 调查look up 查阅look through浏览，快速查看3)I tried phoning, but I couldn't_____A. get alongB. get onC. get toD. get through答案：D get along 离开，离去，相处get on 进展，获得成功，相处get to 到达，使烦恼，对某人产生影响get through 用完，顺利通过，正式通过，接通电话4)-I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have_____- So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A.broken upB. finished upC. divided upD. parted up答案：A break up 粉碎，结束，期中放假，解散，绝交finish up结果成为，以...终结divide up 分配，分担D选项短语不存在5)I was still sleeping when the fire______, and then I hurried out of the house.A. broke outB. put outC. came outD. got out答案：A break out 突然开始，爆发put out 扑灭come out 出现，开花，出版get out 泄露，生产，离开6)- What are you doing?-I'm looking ____the children. They should be back for lunch now.A.afterB. atC. forD. up答案：C look after 照料look at 看look for 寻找look up 查阅7)She _____his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.A. looked upB. looked forC. picked outD. picked up答案：A look up 查阅look for 寻找pick out 挑选pick up 捡起，接，好转，振奋8)“Goodbye then," she said without even _____ from her book.A. looking downB. looking upC. looking awayD. looking on答案：B 根据动词后面副词的基本意思即可9)Happily for John's mother, he is working harder to _____ his lost time.A. keep up withB. make up forC. catch up withD. make use of答案：B keep up with 跟上make up for 弥补，补偿catch up with 赶上make use of 利用10)The world is_____ seven continents and four oceans.A. made up ofB. made out ofC. made fromD. make up for答案：A be made up of... 由...构成11) I really don't want to go to the party, but I don't see how I can_____ it.A. get back fromB. get out ofC. get away fromD. get off答案：B get out of 逃避，摆脱，12) Readers can_____ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.A. get overB. get inC. get throughD. get along答案：C get through 顺利通过（考试）13)I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please_____?A. turn it onB. turn it downC. turn it upD. turn it off答案：C turn up 把音量调高14) It is wise to have some money _____ for old age.A. put awayB. kept upC. given awayD. laid up答案：A put away 将...收起，积蓄，攒钱15) You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please_____ the books when you have finished with them.A. put onB. put downC. put backD. put off答案：C put back 将...放回16)In some Western countries, demand for graduates from MBA courses has_____.A. turned downB. turned overC. fallen downD. fallen over答案：C fall down 下降17)Kathy_____ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.A. picked upB. took upC. made upD. turned up答案：A pick up 偶然学会18) Please tell me how the accident ______. I'm still in the dark.A. came byB. came uponC. came toD. came about答案：D come about 发生19) For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping that someday I'll _____a business of my ownA.build upB. fix upC. set upD. make up答案：C set up 建立20)After retiring, Rogers______ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.A. kept upB. took upC. set upD. make up答案：B take up 开始从事Error Correction:1)That story was made by a resentful employee.改成：made up make up 构成，编造2)All the children there were looking forward to see their parents.改成：seeing look forward to后面需要跟V-ing。
新编英语语法简明教程第16章
第16章限定词Multiple choice:1)The sign reads "In case of_____fire break the glass and push_____button".A. /; aB./; theC. the; theD. a; a答案：B 第一空fire这里是泛指，且fire这里不可数，应使用零冠词；第二空是特指。
2)An accident happened at_____crossroads a few metres away from______bank.A.a; aB. /; aC./; theD. the;/答案：A 这里的两空都是泛指，“一家银行附近的一个十字路口”3) On_____news today, there were_____reports of heavy snow in that area.A. the; theB. the;/ C/./; D. /; the答案：B 第一空是特指，第二空是泛指，复数名词泛指应该使用零冠词。
4) When you come here for your holiday, don't go to_____hotel; I can find you_____bed in my flat.A. the; aB. the;/C. a; theD. a; /答案：A go to the hotel是固定短语，表示“去宾馆”，find/give sb a bed表示“给某人（找）一个睡觉的地方”。
5) When he left_____college, he got a job as_____reporter in a newspaper office.A./;aB. /; theC. a; theD. the; the答案：A leave college是一个固定短语，表示“大学毕业”，第二空是泛指。
简明英语语法教程电子教案
简明英语语法教程电子教案第一章：引言1.1 教程目标介绍英语语法的基本概念和重要性帮助学生掌握英语语法的基本知识和技巧1.2 教程内容概述英语语法的主要组成部分，如词汇、句子结构、时态、语态等介绍教程的组织结构和每个章节的内容1.3 学习方法鼓励学生积极参与课堂活动，提问和回答问题引导学生进行自主学习，通过练习和应用巩固所学知识第二章：词汇2.1 名词介绍名词的定义和作用讲解名词的分类，如可数名词、不可数名词、抽象名词等练习：辨别名词的类型，编写名词短语2.2 代词介绍代词的定义和作用讲解代词的分类，如人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等练习：正确使用代词填空，编写代词短语第三章：句子结构3.1 简单句讲解主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等成分的作用和位置练习：构造简单句，练习句子成分的搭配3.2 复合句介绍复合句的定义和分类，如并列句、从句等讲解并列句的连接词和从句的引导词练习：构造复合句，区分并列句和从句的应用第四章：时态4.1 一般现在时介绍一般现在时的定义和用法讲解一般现在时的构成和标志词练习：运用一般现在时描述习惯和普遍真理4.2 现在进行时介绍现在进行时的定义和用法讲解现在进行时的构成和标志词练习：运用现在进行时描述正在进行的动作第五章：语态5.1 主动语态介绍主动语态的定义和用法讲解主动语态的构成和标志词练习：运用主动语态编写句子，表达主语的动作5.2 被动语态讲解被动语态的构成和标志词练习：运用被动语态编写句子，表达动作的承受者第六章：情态动词6.1 情态动词概述介绍情态动词的定义和作用讲解常用情态动词，如can、may、must、should等练习：区分情态动词的用法，填空练习6.2 情态动词在不同语境中的应用讲解情态动词在疑问句、否定句、条件句中的特殊用法练习：运用情态动词提问、回答和条件状语从句第七章：疑问句7.1 一般疑问句介绍一般疑问句的定义和构成讲解一般疑问句的用法和回答方式练习：构造一般疑问句，练习肯定和否定回答7.2 特殊疑问句介绍特殊疑问句的定义和构成讲解特殊疑问句的用法和回答方式练习：运用特殊疑问句询问个人信息和细节第八章：间接引语8.1 直接引语与间接引语的区别介绍直接引语和间接引语的定义和特点讲解间接引语的转换方法和标点符号练习：将直接引语转换为间接引语，练习不同的人称和时态变化8.2 间接引语的运用和注意事项讲解间接引语在实际写作中的应用和技巧强调使用间接引语时需要注意的语法规则练习：运用间接引语编写对话和故事第九章：并列句和从句9.1 并列句介绍并列句的定义和分类，如并列句、转折句等讲解并列句的连接词和用法练习：构造并列句，练习不同连接词的应用9.2 从句介绍从句的定义和分类，如定语从句、状语从句等讲解从句的引导词和用法练习：构造从句，区分不同类型从句的运用第十章：复习与实践10.1 复习之前的知识点回顾本教程所学的语法知识和技巧强调重点和难点，巩固学习成果练习：完成语法练习题，检测自己的掌握程度10.2 实践与应用鼓励学生将所学语法知识运用到实际写作和口语中提供实际案例和练习题目，帮助学生提高语法应用能力练习：编写短文、对话或故事，展示语法知识的实际运用重点和难点解析第六章：情态动词重点环节：情态动词在不同语境中的应用情态动词在疑问句、否定句、条件句中的特殊用法。
简明语言学教程第4章Syntax
specifier + head + complement
标志语 中心语 补足语
4.4.1.
specifiers 4.4.2. complements 4.4.3. modifiers
标志语
1. Semantically, specifiers make more precise the meaning of the head; syntactically, they typically mark a phrase boundary.
The most central categories to the syntactic study are the word-level categories. (traditionally, parts of speech)
1. How many word classes do you know about? ① traditional categories: n., v., adj., adv., prep., conj., aux., pronoun…. ② non-traditional categories: determiner (Det限定词),
XP rule
X head XP → (specifier) X (complement) a. XP (specifier) X b. X X (complement) XP phrase level X X (head)
specifier
X theory
(X标杆理论)
intermediate level
phrase structure rule: the grammatical mechanism that regulates the arrangement of elements that make up a phrase.
英语简明语法手册：Grammar：比较级和时态
Grammar 3 :比较级和时态(1）1．比较级（degrees of comparison）形容词和副词有三种程度的比较：原级（positive）:tall，fast，beautiful比较级（comparative）：taller，faster，more beautiful最高级(superlative）：tallest，fastest，most beautiful单音节的形容词和副词各加—er，—est；两个或以上的加more，most1）不规则的比较级：good/well：better，bestmany/much:more，mostbad：worse，worstlittle：less，leastfar：farther，farthestfurther，furthestold：older，oldestelder，eldest2）其他形式的比较e．g．This poem is a little more difficult than that one.I think you are a lot more interesting than your sister.Lucy has made much greater progress this year than before. 3）不同类型的状语可以放在比较级和最高级前，或者在as修饰的原级之前e．g．Lily is three years older than Helen。
He is by far the fastest runner in the team。
You are not half as intelligent as your brother。
After we adopt the new method, there are only one-third as many mistakes as before.The newly-built power station costs 70 per cent less than the one built ten years ago。
新编英语语法简明教程第10章选择题
第10章情态意义表示法Multiple choice:1)- Could I borrow your car for a moment?- Yes, of course you___.A.couldB. canC. mayD. might答案：B 表示请求时用could或may表示客气，而回答时用can表示肯定。
2) She is late. What ___have happened to her?A. shouldB. mustC. canD. would答案：A should用在what, how, why, who等的问句中，表示意外或惊异等情绪。
3)- Isn't that Ann's husband over there?- No, it ___be him. I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.A.can'tB. must notC. won'tD. may not答案：A 表示主观推测时，must和may常用于肯定句，can用于否定句或疑问句。
4) As I have nothing to do now, I_____ as well go with you.A. couldB. shouldC. wouldD. might答案：D may/might as well 不妨may/might well 很有可能5)Children under 12 years of age ____ be under adult supervision when in a publiclibrary.A.mustB. mayC. canD. need答案：A must表示“必须做某事”6)- Must we do it right now?- No, you ____.A.won'tB. needn'tC. can'tD. don't答案：B must表“必须”用于疑问句时，肯定回答依然用must，否定回答用needn’t或not have to。
简明英语语法教程电子教案
简明英语语法教程电子教案第一章：引言1.1 课程目标让学生掌握基本的英语语法知识，提高英语写作和口语表达能力。
帮助学生理解英语语法在语言学习中的重要性。
1.2 教学内容介绍英语语法的基本概念和重要性。
讲解英语语法的基本组成部分，如名词、动词、形容词等。
1.3 教学方法使用多媒体教学资源，如PPT和视频，以生动的方式呈现语法知识。
引导学生通过实例分析和练习来理解语法规则。
1.4 教学评估进行定期的课堂练习和测试，以检查学生的理解程度。
鼓励学生参与课堂讨论和互动，以评估他们的口语表达能力。
第二章：名词和冠词2.1 教学目标让学生掌握名词和冠词的用法和规则。
培养学生正确使用名词和冠词的能力。
2.2 教学内容讲解名词的分类和性质，如可数名词和不可数名词。
介绍冠词的用法，包括不定冠词和定冠词。
2.3 教学方法通过实例和练习，让学生熟悉名词和冠词的用法。
提供相关的语法练习题，帮助学生巩固所学知识。
2.4 教学评估进行定期的课堂练习和测试，以检查学生对名词和冠词的掌握程度。
鼓励学生参与课堂讨论和互动，以评估他们的口语表达能力。
第三章：动词3.1 教学目标让学生掌握动词的用法和规则。
培养学生正确使用动词的能力。
3.2 教学内容讲解动词的分类，如行为动词、助动词和情态动词。
介绍动词的时态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。
3.3 教学方法通过实例和练习，让学生熟悉动词的用法。
提供相关的语法练习题，帮助学生巩固所学知识。
3.4 教学评估进行定期的课堂练习和测试，以检查学生对动词的掌握程度。
鼓励学生参与课堂讨论和互动，以评估他们的口语表达能力。
第四章：形容词和副词4.1 教学目标让学生掌握形容词和副词的用法和规则。
培养学生正确使用形容词和副词的能力。
4.2 教学内容讲解形容词和副词的分类和性质，如形容词的比较级和最高级。
介绍形容词和副词在句子中的位置和用法。
4.3 教学方法通过实例和练习，让学生熟悉形容词和副词的用法。
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自身代词
自身代词的形式：
单数：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself.
复数：ourselves,yourselves,themselves. 自身代词的功用： 作宾语：please help yourself to some fish. 作表语：I’m not quite myself these days. 作同位语：He himself is a doctor. 一些习惯用法： among themselves (ourselves)在他们（我们）之间 between ourselves 私下说的话 by oneself 一个人，自己干 for oneself 替自己，为自己
第三单元 代词
代词可分为九类：
人称代词 （personal pronoun) 疑问代词 ( interrogative pronoun) 物主代词 (possessive pronoun) 关系代词(relative pronoun) 反身代词 (reflexive pronoun) 连接代词(conjunctive pronoun)
复合名词的复数形式
主体名词变为复数：looker(s)-on,passer(s)by, son(s)-in-law, editor(s)-in- chief 等 最末一个构成部分变为复数形式： go-between(s), forget-me-not(s)勿忘我
两个构成部分都变为复数man-doctor(men-doctors), man cook (men cooks), man-writer(men-writers), woman-doctor(women-doctors) woman cook(women cooks), woman writer(women writers).
补充：
不可数名词“一件”、“一个”的表 达法
a piece of news(work,information,furniture) a bar of chocolate, a block of ice, a burst of applause（一阵掌声）, a loaf of bread, a slip of paper, a(large)sum of money.
自身代词
In oneself 就其本身来说，本人 (not) be oneself 身体康复（不适） to oneself 供自己用
自身代词常和某些动词连用：
I hope you’ll enjoy yourselves.（希望你们玩的开心。） She told the boy to behave himself.（她让孩子规矩点。） Please help yourself to some fish.（请吃些鱼） She dressed(herself)quickly and went downstairs.(她匆忙穿上 衣服就下楼了。）
名词的规则复数形式
以辅音+o结尾的，一般加es,如hero(heroes), potato(potatoes),tomato(tomatoes), 但有一些外来词只加s，如piano(pianos), radio(radios),photo(photos).
名词的不规则复数形式
变内部元音：foot-feet, man-men, mouse-mice, tooth-teeth,woman-women, goose-geese天鹅, ox-oxen,child-children. 单复数同形：deer, sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese, means,series,等 某些外来词的特殊的变化: curriculum(curricula)课程，bacterium(bacteria)细 菌，medium(media)媒体，crisis(crises)危机， basis(bases)基础
名词的所有格
表示度量，时间，空间，如a week’s holiday, today’s post, 表示某些国家，城市，天体等名称的，the earth’s surface, London’s traffic 表示各自的所有关系时，一系列的名词末尾均 需加’s John’s and Susan’s desks, (约翰和苏珊各人 的书桌）
冠词的一些习惯用法
go to university（上大学）, go to church,(做礼拜）， in prison(坐牢） 区别以下两组词组：out of the question(不可能） out of question (没问题） in case of (万一，如果） in the case of (就…….来说) 其他一些限定词的用法：both…..and… .(两者都） either…..or… （或者…或者） neither…..nor （两者都不）
作介词宾语的用法(与of连用作定语）： He is a close friend of ours.（他是我们中的一位亲密朋友。） The remark of yours is quite correct.(你的那句话是很正 确的。） 下面这类结构中常用the 代替物主代词： He was wounded in the leg. I had a cold in the head. He took me by the arm.
it
it
人称代词的一些其他用法
Let us 与let’s 有时有异议，let’s 多用表劝告或建议，包括 自己与对方在内：let’s go, shall we? 在不包括自己与对方在内的，please let us know the time of your arrival. He 和she 常用来代表动物。如： It’s the farmer’s cow:she gives lots of milk. 国家，车船，大地，月亮等常以she 代替,如: I think England will do what she promised to do.
名词的所有格
’s 所有格的构成方法： • 单数名词在末尾加’s，the boy’s father • 以s结尾的复数形式名词，末尾仅加’,如the two boys’mother • 以s结尾的单数人名变为所有格时，一般 加’s,Thomas’s brother • 几个词作为一个单位时,’s应加在最后一个词 的末， everyone else’s opinion
名词的规则复数形式
一般情况加s，如desks, books, girls, 以 s,x,sh,ch收尾的词，加es,如 glasses,roses,brushes,churches 以f或fe结尾的词，则一般变为ves, 如:wife(wives),bookshelf(bookshelves),wolf(wolve s),thief(thieves) 以辅音+y结尾的词，则变y为i，再加es, 如party(parties),city(cities) family(families), university(universities)
可数名词和不可数名词
个体名词和集体名词一般都是可数的， 如：two computers a happy family, two football teams. 抽象名词和物质名词一般都是不可数的， 如 Translation is an art. 翻译是一种艺术。 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声的速 度快。
复数的一些习惯用法
只以复数形式出现的词：trousers, jeans, scissors,glasses,等往往和“a pair of ” 连用。
以s结尾的名词但非复数：mathematics, economics, physicspolitics(政治）, news, gymnastics a ten-pound note, two 14-year-old girls, a fourweek holiday a six-minute walk, five-foot tall Three years is a long time to be without a job. Six miles is too far for me to walk. I’m going to take pronoun) 不定代词(indefinite pronoun)
指示代词(demonstrative pronoun)
人称代词
单数 主格 I you he she 宾格 me you him her 复数 主格 we you they 宾格 us you them
简明英语语法教程
第一单元
Nations
名词（Noun) 普通名词 个体名词 table, computer,gun
名词
专有名词 London Mary the United
集体名词 family, class
物质名词 rain, fire, air
抽象名词 youth, success, beauty
第二单元
冠词
定冠词（the)的用法: (需强调的几点） 特指一类人或东西：the Japanese, the masses(群众） 独一无二的东西：the sun, the moon, the earth, 可与一个形容词连用，代表一类人或东西：the dead, the rich, the poor, the wounded(受伤的人） 在海洋，江河，山脉，群岛，海湾词前加the,但 Mountain Tai 形容词最高级和比较级前加the, 如the best girl 表序数词或next, last,same 构成的名词短语： the last one
Of 所有格的用法
用于无生命的东西：如 the subject of the sentence （句子的主语） 用于名词化的形容词：the struggle of the oppressed(被压迫人名的斗争） 名词的修饰语较多时，如: the name of the man over there