参考文献标准

3. References

All sources included in the References section must be cited in the body of the paper (and all sources cited in the paper must be included in the References section).

A. Pagination: The References section begins on a new page.

B. Heading: References (centered on the first line below the manuscript page header).

C. Format: The references (with hanging indent) begin on the line following the References heading. Entries are organized alphabetically by surnames of first authors.

D. Authors: Authors are listed in the same order as specified in the source, using surnames and initials. Commas separate all authors. When there are two to six authors, use the ampersand & after a comma and before the last author. When there are seven or more authors, lis t the first six and then use “et al.” for remaining authors. If no author is identified, the title of the document begins the reference. For example,

Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J., Coatsworth, D., Lengua, L., et al. (2000). An experimental evaluation . . . .

One-author entries precede multiple-author entries beginning with the same surname. For example,

Alleyne, R. L. (2001). ….

Alleyne, R. L., & Evans, A. J. (1999). ….

References with exactly the same author (or authors in the same order) are arranged by year of publication, the earliest first. For example,

Hewlett, L. S. (1996). ….

Lewlett, L. S. (1999). ….

Cabading, J. R., & Wright, K. (2000). ….

Cabading, J. R., & Wright, K. (2001). ….

References by the same author (or by the same two or more authors in the same order) with the same publication date are arranged alphabetically by the title (excluding A,An or The) that follows the date. However, if the references with the same authors published in the same year are identified as articles in a series (e.g., Part 1 and Part 2), order the references in the series order, not alphabetically by title. Lowercase letters – a, b, c, and so on – are placed immediately after the year, within the parentheses. For example,

Baheti, J. R. (2001a). Control . . . .

Baheti, J. R. (2001b). Roles of . . . .

E. Publication date: Publication date is put in parentheses following authors, with a period following the closing parenthesis. If no publication date is identified, use

“n.d.” in parentheses followi ng the authors. For any work accepted for publication but not yet printed, use “in press” in parentheses following the authors.

F. Source reference: Include title, journal, volume, pages (for journal article) or title, city of publication, publisher (for book). Italicize titles of books, titles of periodicals, and periodical volume numbers but not titles of articles. Capitalize the major words of periodical names but not the major words of titles of books or articles.

G. Publishers’ locations: Give the location (city and state for U.S. publishers, city, state or province if applicable, and country for publishers outside of the U. S.) of the publishers of books, reports, brochures, and other separate, nonperiodical publications. If the publisher is a university and the name of the state (or province) is included in the name of the university, do not repeat the name in the publisher location. The names of U.S. states and territories appear in the official two-letter U.S. Postal Service abbreviations. The following major and well-known locations can be listed without a state abbreviation or country: Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, Amsterdam, Jerusalem, London, Milan, Moscow, Paris, Rome, Stockholm, Tokyo, Vienna.

H. Examples of sources

1. Books

Paloutzian, R. F. (1996). Invitation to the psychology of religion (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. (1971). Alcohol and health.

Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

2. Book with no author or editor

Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.

3. Book with corporate author and publisher being identical

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

4. Article or chapter in an edited book

James, N. E. (1988). Two sides of paradise: The Eden myth according to Kirk and Spock. In D. Palumbo (Ed.), Spectrum of the fantastic (pp.

219-223). Westport, CT: Greenwood.

Cicero, T. J. (1979). A critique of animal analogues of alcoholism. In E.

Majchrowicz & E. P. Noble (Eds.), Biochemistry and pharmacology

of ethanol (Volume 2, pp. 31-59). New York: Plenum Press.

5. Journal article

Murzynski, J., & Degelman, D. (1996). Body language of women and judgments of vulnerability to sexual assault. Journal of Applied

Social Psychology, 26, 1617-1626.