自学英语音标

英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）长元音/ɑ://ɔ:// ɜ://i://U:/短元音/ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ//e/ /æ/双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ/ /ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/辅音（28个）轻辅音/p// t// k//f//θ//s/浊辅音/b//d/ /g//v//ð/ /z/ 轻辅音/ʃ// h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音/ʒ// r/ /dz/ /dʒ//dr/鼻音/m//n/ /ŋ/半元音/ j// w/边音/ ǀ/英语音标及字母组合对照一、元音:1) [i:]是个长音，靠口腔发出，发声处靠前，口型很扁，嘴唇向两边张开成微笑状字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i）three tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) [ɪ]是个短音，靠喉咙发出，发声处靠后，口型略窄，发这个音时，要短促有力。

发音字母i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide deliciousPlease say it again.This is a sheep.These are ships.3) [æ] 嘴要张开、张大，而且尽量放宽，刚开始练习时可以夸张一点。

发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e]舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。

嘴不要张太大，上下齿间距离宁可偏小。

字母组合ea e a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lessonbetter bed desk hotel yes many anyHe is very happy to receive a letter.Tom is planning to take the cake back home.He makes his bed before breakfast every day.5) [ɜ:] 舌侧触及牙齿，舌的中间部位向下靠近下颚。

舌片及舌尖卷曲使得尾音r 化。

是由口腔发出来的字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learnearn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) [ə] 由喉咙发出，非常短促。

字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer doctor actor mayor author tractor together tomorrow today lesson control polite around account ago elephant manta bananaJapan china men listen SaturdayMy father works very hard.The mother asks the little girl to buy some sugar.My sister prefers a purple skirt to a blue one.7) [a:] 是个长音，发音时，舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但不成圆形。

这是音标中所需口型最大的开音节。

发音是停顿稍长。

字母组合ar acar farm card arm garden class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ ʌ ]嘴巴稍张，嘴形比[a:]小，发音听起来短促、含糊发音字母u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come motherbrother love above trouble rough bloodWell begun is half done.You can drive a car to for lunch.He is telling a story about a dog.I buy a cup in this shop.9) [ɔ: ] 双唇要收得更圆要小，并须用力向前突出。

这个音是由嘴巴发出来的。

字母组合al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter10) [ɒ]通过喉咙发出发音字母o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch11) [u:] 要将舌根抬起并绷紧，舌尖离开下齿。

嘴唇呈圆形，双唇收圆，稍向前突出字母组合oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full prude12) [u]舌位比发长音的[U:]低，舌头放松，嘴唇略圆字母组合oo ou u olook good foot book wood should couldput full bull pull push woman wolfDon't be rude; it's made of wool.He put the cool picture into the pool.This is a very good book about rooms.13) [ei] 发音过程中下颚向上合拢，舌位也随之稍稍抬高。

发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane April play say may waygreat break rain paint plain they grey14) [ai] 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合ou owhouse out ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town16) [əʊ] 发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal17) [ɔɪ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice18) [ɪə] 字母组合eer earbeer deer ear near here fierce idea19) [eə] 字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there where care20) [ʊə] 字母组合our owerhour tour flower showerThe boys are playing with snow outside the houses.I'm sure she has long hair.How are you doing these years?Where is your home?二、辅音第一组：[p]与、[t]与[d]、[k]与[g]之所以把这六个音放在一组，是因为它们都是爆破音。

(1)[p]与[b]发[p]音时，双唇紧闭，在口腔积气，然后快速张口，通过气息发出这个音。

发[b]音时，口形与[p]音一样，只不过这个音是通过口腔发出来的。

：These are some books and pens on the desk.Please wait a bit.(2)[t]与[d][t]音是由舌头与上牙齿相撞，通过气息发出声音。

[d]音的口形与[t]音一样，只不过[d]是由口腔发出来的。

The dog runs very fast.I have much work to do.(3)[k]与[g]发[k]音时，将舌头平等于上下齿之间，不要接触上下颚，也不要碰到牙齿，通过气息发出声音。

[g]音的口形与[k]音一样，只不过[g]是由口腔发出来的。

He is a good cook.They walk slowly toward the gate.第二组：[f]与[v]发[f]音时，用上牙齿接触下唇，通过气息发出声音。

[v]音的口形与[f]音一样，只不过[v]是由口腔发出来的。

It's a very sharp knife.I'd invite you to visit, but I have a fever.第三组：[s]与[z]、/θ/与/ð/[s]和[z]都是平舌音，发[s]音时，用舌头接触下齿齿龈，通过气息发出声音。

[z]音的口形与[s]音一样，不同的是，[z]音是通过口腔发出的。

发/θ/与/ð/这两个音时，最关键的是要把舌头稍稍伸出，并用上下齿轻咬舌头，然后发音。

它们的区别是，练习这两个音时，学习者可以夸张一点，长长地伸出舌头，并用上下齿咬住舌头，试着发这两个音。

Tom always[z] goes[z] to school by bus.Something is better than nothing.A mouse has[z] a mouth.第四组：[r]与[l]发[r]音时，口稍微张开，舌前部上卷（但不能碰到口腔的上部），舌后部放松，然后发音。

注意，发这个音时，一定要卷舌。

发[l]音时，将舌头放到上牙龈上，再向下轻拨，发音。