2022-2023学年广东省广州市番禺区高一下学期期末考试英语试题
广东省广州大学附属中学等三校2022-2023学年高一下学期期中联考英语考试试题
广东省广州大学附属中学等三校2022-2023学年高一下学期期中联考英语考试试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．Almost100computers_________to us by a local computer company since the end of last year.A．have donated B．are donated C．have been donated D．donate 2．His sister left home in1998,and________ever since.A．had not been heard ofB．has not been heard ofC．had not heard ofD．has not heard of3．So far,large amounts of money________for those whose houses were damaged by the powerful typhoon(台风).A．have been collected B．has been collected C．was collected D．were collected 4．Why do you stand and watch the thief______away,with your arms______? A．running;folded B．run;folded C．to run;folding D．running;folding 5．______,the mountain range stretches from north to south like a giant ribbon. A．Having seen from a distanceB．Having been seen from a distanceC．Seeing from a distanceD．Seen from a distance6．The rescue team,mainly________firefighters,attempted to save the drowning boy. A．making up of B．to make up of C．made up of D．makes up of 7．Please remain________.Let’s have a discussion and try to find a solution acceptable to both sides.A．seating B．seated C．to seat D．to be seated 8．Having no money but______to know,he simply said he would go without dinner. A．not to want anyone B．not wanting anyoneC．wanted no one D．to want no one9．My job is______information for a database about Mount Kilauea,which is one of themost active volcanoes in Hawaii.A．collecting B．collected C．collect D．collects 10．The hall as extremely big,_________200meters long and100meters wide. A．measured B．to measure C．measuring D．measures二、阅读理解The local education department is looking to hire an additional two part-time employees to support its ongoing mobile library van project.The projected working hours shall be an average23hours per week spread out over5or6days from Tuesday to Sunday.PAY RATESPay rates are competitive and are split into three pays bands:Weekdays9a.m.—6p.m. paid at$5.50per hour,weekdays6p.m.—9p.m.paid at$7.50per hour,and work on weekends anytime8:00a.m.—8:00p.m.will be paid at$10per hour.QUALIFICATIONSQualifications for the position are minimal in that there are no specific qualifications required.However,regarding experience,previous library experience is preferred but not absolutely necessary.What is considered to be beneficial for the applicant is having good people skills and a strong desire to help people.A good knowledge of software programs and computers is required,so this position would favor an applicant with excellent computer skill.A valid driving license is essential.BENEFITSThe employee will also be eligible for certain other benefits,such as full health insurance,whilst pension contributions and paid annual leave will be calculated on a pro rata basis.Free access to all library materials both physical and digital will be offered to the employee with certain limits depending on customer demand.SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS&NOTIFICATIONSFirstly and most importantly is that the employee must be completely flexible to work any shifts as needed,and that work schedules will be planned monthly in advance.On Mondays the mobile library van is closed for regular maintenance and cleaning.The employee will never be asked to work over30hours per week unless agreed upon in advance with the employee.11．If Simon works4hours a day from Wednesday to Saturday,how much will he be paid atmost per week?A．$106.B．$120C．$124.D．$130. 12．Which of the following is necessary when applying for the job?A．Adequate computer skills.B．Previous working experience C．Good communication skills.D．An interest in literature.13．In which section of the newspaper can you most likely find this passage?A．Health&Diet section.B．Job Hunting section. C．Education section.D．Book Review section.“Anyone knows single parents who can’t afford to get their child’s hair done for school?I will braid(编辫子)it for free!”Brittany Starks wrote on a Facebook post.She decided to offer her hair braiding services after a family friend delivered backpacks full of school supplies,clothing and shoes for Cayden and Ceniyah in early August.“At the time,I didn’t have anything for my kids to start school,”said Starks,who is in between homes and staying with her mother.“It meant so much to me.”The unexpected gift made a big difference to Starks and her children,and it motivated her to pay it forward.Starks,who works two receptionist jobs,also braids hair part-time.“The hair-braiding process involves washing,blow-drying,and finally dividing the hair into small sections and braiding it.It also requires multiple supplies—including combs,brushes, hair jam and additional pieces of hair to weave in.It costs anywhere from$150to$400at a salon(美发厅),depending on the style,”Stacks explained.“But it can last for months and is a huge timesaver in the mornings.”When she wrote the Facebook post,she assumed only a handful of people would reach out,but before she knew it,she had35appointments booked.Her Facebook inbox was suddenly full of messages from single parents,whose stories of hardship and financial challenges mirrored her own.“There’s a huge need for this.I could really relate to a lot of the women who reached out, and it made me realize that what I was doing was really important,”said Stacks.“What got me the most was seeing the kids smile.”Given that there was less than two weeks before the start of school,Starks knew she needed to enlist help.14．What got Brittany Starks to offer her hair braiding service?A．A post on Facebook.B．Her friend’s timely help.Facebook to see if there are any new messages.With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day,I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list,so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day. 18．What can we know from the first two paragraphs?A．Social media are popular with students.B．Young pupils suffer from social mediaC．The author has no access to social media.D．Social media contribute to students’study.19．The underlined part in paragraph3is closest in meaning to“________”.A．waned off B．let down C．hid from D．appealed to 20．Why do people using social media might feel insecure?A．They follow other people’s beauty standards totally.B．Social media change the way they look at themselves.C．Social media encourage them to be a unique individualD．They spend more time posting their images on social media.21．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．A to-do list can stop people using social media.B．Social media can waste pepole’s valuable time.C．Spending time with family always enjoys first priority.D．Students pay more attention to social media than to study.When it comes to team assembly,people who are both trustworthy and competent are the most sought after.However,those who are friendly and trustworthy are more likely to be selected than those who are known for just their skill competence and personal reputation, according to a new research from Binghamton University.“We assume that people are selected due to their knowledge,skills and abilities. However,this research suggests that people may often get picked because team members feel comfortable with them,”said Cynthia Maupin,assistant professor in Binghamton University’s School of Management.“People may be willing to sacrifice a bit in terms of performance in order to have a really positive team experience.“Maupin and her colleagues focused on a group of MBA students to conduct their study. Students were randomly assigned to different teams to carry out class projects.Toward theD．Competent Teammates or Friendly Teammates四、完形填空41．A．grateful B．true C．unique D．close 42．A．removed B．attempted C．acquired D．purchased 43．A．informed B．called C．improved D．reported 44．A．relates to B．reflects on C．corresponds with D．holds back 45．A．Or B．Otherwise C．So D．And五、用单词的适当形式完成短文六、根据首字母填写单词56．These meals can be prepared in advance,and served at your c________.(根据首字母单词拼写)57．These are purely d________weapons not designed for attack.(根据首字母单词拼写)58．A lot of people make the a________that poverty only exists in the Third World.（根据首字母单词拼写）59．How are the r________of the20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China elected?(根据首字母单词拼写)60．Stretching exercises will help develop the f________of dancers’bodies.(根据首字母单词拼写)七、根据汉语意思填写单词61．He was in________(会议)with his lawyers all day.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 62．Her________(人生哲学)of life is to take every opportunity that presents itself.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)63．He was of________(中等的)height with blond hair and light blue eyes.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)64．Anyone can take part in a________(虚拟的)choir from anywhere—all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)65．She________(抱怨)that no one had been at the airport to meet her.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)八、完成句子66．搜索引擎是一种计算机程序，用于在互联网上搜索包含一个或多个特定单词的文档。
2022-2023学年高一年级第二学期英语期末考试卷(含答案)
2022-2023学年高一年级第二学期英语期末考试卷（含答案）（考试时间：120分钟；试题满分120分）第一部分：阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）ACosta Rica Animal Rescue ServiceWould you like to bottle-feed a baby monkey?Do you want to stand guard over baby sloths(树懒)as they learn to climb?Come and spend the summer in Costa Rica volunteering at a wildlife rescue center!You will help out at the shelter in the mornings,preparing breakfast for the animals and helping them heal on their road to recovery.You’ll also help with a variety of tasks such as cleaning the animals’ cages,preparing medicine,or any other work that is needed.In the afternoons,you’ll have the choice to take Spanish lessons at our school in the village,or head to the beach to relax.We will also go whitewater rafting(漂流)and biking,and visit the local BriBri tribe(部落).Plus,you can even cross another country off your bucket list with a day trip to Panama!Evenings are spent dancing to the beat of local village music,enjoying delicious dinners,and walking along the streets of the village.Price:$4,880 + AirfareDepartures:Jun 29-Jul 20; Jul 21-Aug 11Trip routes:Day 1:Depart from MiamiDays 1-21 ; Puerto Viejo>Turrialba>Cahuita>Panama>The BriBri tribeDay 22:Return flight to the USAOn this trip you will also:Earn up to 80 hours of community service credit (学分);Fly through the thick jungle on a zipline adventure;Learn about the inner operations of an animal rescue center;Sail along the coast for a day trip to Bocas del Toro,Panama;Take a guided night walk through the jungle to see wild animals come alive.1.Which of the following will the volunteers do in the mornings?A.Dance to the local music.B.Learn Spanish or relax on the beach.C.Feed animals or prepare medicine.D.Pay a visit to the local BriBri tribe.2.Where will the volunteers head for on the 22nd day of the trip?A.Turrialb.B.America.C.Cahuita.D.Panama.3.What can we know about the volunteers?A.They need to pay over 4,880 for this trip.B.They will stay in the rescue center for a month.C.They are required to stay indoors at night.D.No community service credit will be given at last.BEach nation has many good people who help to take care of others.For example,some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals,orphanages (孤儿院) or homes for the aged.They read books to the people in these places,or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems.Other young people volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old.They paint,clean up,or repair their houses,do their shopping or mow their lawns.For boys who no longer have fathers there is an organization called Big Brothers.College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers.Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or learn crafts.Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains,the beaches,museums or other places of interest.Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls.V olunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.4.Where can you often find volunteers in the United States?A.At a bus-stop.B.In a park.C.In a hospital.D.In a shop.5..How do volunteers usually help those who are sick or old?A.They mow their lawns,do their shopping and clean up their house.B.They cook,sew or wash their clothes.C.They tell them stories and sing and dance for them.D.They clean,wax and repair their cars.6.What is Big Brothers?A.It’s the name of a club.B.It’s a home for children who have no brothers.C.It’s the name of a film.D.It’s an organization for boys who no longer have fathers.7.Why so most of the boys’ and girls’ clubs use many high school and college students as volunteers?A.Because they can still remember what they felt when they were younger.B.Because they like younger boys and girls.C.Because they know how to do the work.D.Because they have a lot of free time.CYou may be familiar with the following famous people,but have you heard of their graduation speeches,in whichthey either share their unforgotten experiences or give you some great inspiration(灵感).Michael Dell,University of Texas at AustinAnd now you’ve accomplished something great and important here,and it’s time for you to move on to what’s next.And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps... You must also commit to the adventure.Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge you’ve been blessed(赐予) with and go.J.K.Rowling,Harvard UniversityHalf my lifetime ago,I was striking an uneasy balance between my ambition and the expectation from my parents who were not rich...But what I feared most of myself at your age was not poverty,but failure.The fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure,you might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.Steve Jobs,Stanford UniversitySometimes life’s going to hit you in the head with a brick.Don’of your life,and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work,and the only way to do great work is to love what you do.If you haven’t found it yet,keep looking and don’t settle.Bill Gates,Harvard UniversityWe need as many people as possible to have access to the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another.They are making it possible not just for national governments,but for universities,smaller organizations,and even individuals to see problems,see approaches and deal with the world’s inequities(不公平) like hunger,poverty,and so on.8.What Michael Dell said is to encourage us to .A.listen to our heartB.run after our dreamsC.follow others’ exampleD.learn from our mistakes9.What did J.K.Rowling fear most when she was studying in university?A.Failure.B.Hunger.C.Poverty.D.Appearance.10.What does Bill Gates suggest people do?A.Master as much advanced technology as possible.B.Make contributions to the environment.C.Work together to solve some global problems.D.Take responsibility for their own behavior.11.What does mean the underline “lose faith”?A.丢掉成功B. 迷失失败C. 失去信心D. 鼓足勇气DIt’s reported that scientists in London have found the best diet for both humans and the planet.If the world followed the so-called “planetary health”diet,each year more than 11 million early deaths could be avoided according to the scientists.For the health of the planet,they say the same diet will reduce (减少) greenhouse gases and save more land,water and animals.This new food plan is the result of a three-year project organized by The Lancet health journal.Tim Lang,a professor at Britain’s University of London.He said,“The food we eat and how we produce it decide the health of people and the planet.”Lang added,“The world’s population is expected to grow to 10 billion people by 2050.If we want to feed everyone,we all need to change what we eat and the way we eat by improving food production and reducing food waste.”So,what do you eat on the “planetary health”diet?The scientists who created the “planetary health”diet say it is largely plant-based but still has a little milk,fish and meat.The diet calls for cutting down red meat and sugar by 50 percent and increasing nuts,fruits,and vegetable.Walter Willet of Harvard University in the United States also talked about the “planetary health”diet.He said,“More than 800 million people around the world do not get enough food while many more people have very unhealthy diets.”The scientists think it difficult to reach their aim.But for them,doing nothing is also not a choice.Willet said,“If we can’t make the best diet,it’s better to try and get as close as we can.”12.What decides the health of people and the planet according to Tim Lang?A.The taste of the food.B.The number of population.C.The climate and our living conditions.D.The food we eat and the way we produce it.13.What does the “planetary health”diet mainly contain?k.B.Meat.C.Sugar.D.Plants.14.What do scientists say about the “planetary health”diet?A.It is very easy to produce it.B.It is better to try their best to make it.C.It is better to do nothing than fail.D.It is impossible to make it.15.What is the best title for the text?A.Humans Health Is Very Important.B.Many People don’t Get Enough Food.C.A New Kind of Diet may Save the Plane.D.Different People Have Different Eating Habits.二.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分)For my grandpa,Tatay’s 90th birthday,our family threw him a big party.We 16the backyard with colorful flags so it would look like the neighborhood parties with which Tatay 17 in his home country of the Philippines.We 18 a big lechon,a roasted pig.And the guests were 19to wear traditional Filipino clothes.20I was excited to wear an orange patadyong— a Philippine skirt and wrap — my white husband Darren,from Nashville,Tenn,felt 21in his barong,a shirt woven from pineapple leaf fibers.My aunt had told all the guests to dress in 22clothes.“I feel like this is cultural appropriation,” he said,pulling the collar and looking around 23.“I honestly feel uncomfortable.”I could understand Darren’s 24.But wearing a barong to Tatay’s birthday party this,I felt,was not appropriation but 25.It filled me with great 26to see my white husband in the clothing of my family’s tradition.I knew my family was 27,too.My uncle lent his clean shirt to Darren.My cousins wanted to 28 photos with him.I 29him by saying he was expressing 30and a sense of unity with my Filipino family.And we were wearing these clothes as an act of kindness to Tatay.After all,appreciating different cultures helps understand the world.16.A.shared B.decorated C.provided D.covered17.A.put up B.came up C.brought up D.grew up18.A.ordered B.raised C.kept D.caught19.A.allowed B.asked C.admitted D.found20.A.Since B.Once C.While D.When21.A.suitable fortable C.stressful D.nervous22.A.traditional B.regular C.plain D.expensive23.A.patiently B.bravely C.tiredly D.worriedly24.A.argument B.condition C.anxiety D.curiosity25.A.difference B.appreciation C.influence D.expectation26.A.faith B.disappointment C.pride plaint27.A.excited B.interested C.embarrassed D.annoyed28.A.develop B.send C.take D.exchangeforted B.changed C.ignored D.attracted30.A.fear B.regret C.happiness D.support三.七选五（每小题2分，共10分）Over the next 50 years,we are going to send more and better robots to Mars.31There is a limit to what robots can tell us,though,so eventually we will have to send people to study the planet.Before people can visit Mars,we need to invent a spaceship that can take us there.32Depending on where Mars and Earth are in their orbits around the sun,it could take between six months to a year to get there.The moon is much closer,and we were there more than 40 years ago.Over the next 10 years,we are going to work on building a new spacecraft.33Once we return to the moon,we are going to build a station so that people can live and work on the moon for months at a time.This is important so that we have a place to start from when we want to visit Mars.34 By the time you are old enough to be an astronaut,we will have people spending months on the moon.By the time you are old enough to be a commander of a space mission,we will be taking trips to Mars.By the time your kids are old enough to be astronauts,we may have people living on Mars.Wouldn’t it be cool to get a postcard from someone who was building a house on Mars?35A.Mars is very far away.B.People will go to live on Mars one day.C.Wouldn’t it be cooler if it was you who sent the postcard?ing this craft,we will practice the skills we need to go to Mars.E.Those robots will send back better pictures,maps,and weather reports.F.It would be possible for us to go to Mars in a spacecraft in the near future.G.However,it is also important because it gives us practice with living away from Earth.四.语篇填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）Mankind has always explored space in the hope 36 finding out the secrets of the universe. They make 37 (vehicle) to carry brave people into space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and 38 (successful) orbited around Earth. Afterwards Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world 39 (go) into space. Over eight years later, 40 20 July 1969,American astronaut Neil Armstrong 41 (step) onto the moon. 42 (follow) this, many more goals were achieved.Despite the huge risks,people will always continue to explore this final frontier so as 43 learn its secrets.Scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us 44 (understand) more about its origin, 45 also help us survive well into the future.Ⅴ.应用文写作（共35分）第一小节英汉互译（每小题1分，共10分）46.earn a living47.on duty48.as a result49.carry on50.in the hope of doing sth51.说实话52.打赌53.第一手54.即将或正要（做某事）55.以防万一第二小节（25分）以“Can Money Buy Happiness?”(金钱能买来幸福吗?)为题写一篇议论文,必须包括以下内容:1.有人认为金钱是幸福之本(source of happiness);2.也有人认为金钱是万恶之源(root of all evil);3.你的看法。
2022-2023学年广东省广州市番禺区英语高三第一学期期末教学质量检测模拟试题含解析
2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The incomes of skilled workers went up. , unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.A．Moreover B．ThereforeC．Meanwhile D．Otherwise2．—Congratulations！I hear you’ve won the first prize in the singing competition．—You _____ be mistaken．I’m in the dance class．A．must B．may C．should D．could3．People all think it strange that the boy sho uld tell what’s written on the paper in another room without looking at it. It really ________ explanation.A．prevents B．challenges C．interrupts D．confuses4．—Ted has never been so rude!—He ______something he shouldn’t have, but I guess he didn’t mean tha t.A．has said B．had saidC．said D．was saying5．We are so tired. ______ we could take the day off tomorrow!A．Only ifB．What ifC．If onlyD．If so6．—You’ve made great progress in your English study, haven’t you?—Yes, but much .A．remains to do B．is remained to doC．remains to be done D．is remained to be done7．The accident have been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don’t know for sure.A．might B．shouldC．will D．must8．---I went to see The Wandering Earth last night. It was fantastic!---You were so lucky! How I wish I _____ the ticket too.A．get B．gotC．had got D．would get9．－I _______ in the same position too long. My legs have fallen asleep.－Shake it a little before you get up.A．will sit B．have satC．am sitting D．have been stting10．As is expected, AI is an area _______ China may appear as a leading force. A．that B．whereC．which D．when11．—How was your job interview?—Very successful. I ________ my homework about the company, you know.A．had done B．have doneC．did D．was doing12．—You speak very good French!—Thanks. I __________ French in Sichuan University for four years.A．studied B．study C．was studying D．had studied13．If you want to go further in the new sport, the best way is to ______ and practise more frequently.A．dive in B．drop outC．catch on D．spring up14．The desks in our classroom are so close together that there is not enough room to move them．A．between B．in C．across D．over15．Despite the fact that his scores were good, they were hardly as excellent as a student with his intelligence .A．achieved B．had achievedC．would achieve D．should have achieved16．__________him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake. A．Did I persuade B．If I persuadeC．If I should persuade D．Had I persuaded17．We ___have hurried all the way to the airport—the flight was called off because of the foggy weather.A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t18．The part in the film the man broke down the door made some of theaudience give a cry.A．which B．who C．where D．whom19．---Shall we go for a picnic this Saturday？---_____________. Will next Saturday be OK？A．Sure，it's up to you B．Sure，it's no problemC．Sorry，I can't make it D．Sorry，I'm not available today20．their final medical check, the astronauts boarded their spacecraft．A．Received B．Being received C．To receive D．Having received第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2022-2023学年广东省广州中学高一上学期线上测试英语试题
2022-2023学年广东省广州中学高一上学期线上测试英语试题1. What’s delicious, healthy to eat and comes in various colors? Eggplant! And no, it has nothing to do with chickens! This strangely named vegetable is, however, as versatile as an egg. It can be steamed fried or baked. It can be eaten by itself or combined with meats and other vegetables. Eggplant was first grown in India during the 5th century B.C. Its popularity soon spread to China and then throughout Asia. Finally, during the Middle Ages the vegetable made its way to Europe. At that time, eggplant was not the shiny purple vegetable most people know today. Instead, it was like a white egg. Due to this egg---like appearance, eggplant got its name. In its early days, the vegetable was so bitter that people often called it a “mad apple”. This nickname sta rted because people believed its bitterness was bad for one’s health. People actually thought eggplant could cause insanity(精神错乱)and cancer.Fortunately, today people know that eggplant doesn’t cause insanity or cancer. In fact, eggplant is so healthy that it may prevent cancer. In addition, the brain and the heart benefit from this supper vegetable. Since it is high in fiber, eggplant can also improve digestion.Italy, Turkey, Egypt, China and Japan are the leading growers of eggplant in the world today. Depending on its location, eggplant may be purple, green, orange or yellow---white. And it can be as small as a tomato or as large as a cucumber. Dish diversities range from simple to complex, with all of them being delicious.Today, thousands of people are gathering in Loomis, Calif, for the 23rd annual Loomis Eggplant Festival. The main activity at the festival is eating delicious eggplant dishes. There is plenty more to do and see, though. Recipe contests, arts and crafts, performers, races and childre n’s activities all “egg---cite” festival---goers. Most people at the festival would agree---eggplant is an “egg---cellent” vegetable!1. What does the underlined word “versatile”in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A．simple in shape B．flexible in price C．diverse in size D．various incooking2. Which of the following statements about eggplants is TRUE?A．Eggplant was once misunderstood by the people for its bitterness.B．Eggplant was introduced into Europe during the 5 th century.C．Eggplant got its name for its nutrition which is as rich as an egg.D．Eggplant looks like what it used to be in color and shape.3. Eggplant is so healthy that it can ________.A．cure the cancer with certainty B．do good to digestionC．replace other vegetables D．help reduce insanity4. The diversities of eggplant reflect in many aspects EXCEPT________.A．colors B．sizes C．dishes D．nutrition5. The passage mainly tells us about ________.A．the 23 rd annual Loomis Eggplant Festival B．the general introduction of eggplantC．the origin of eggplant D．the benefit of eggplant2. All schoolchildren should have “happiness” lessons up to the age of 18 to fight growing levels of depression, according to a senior government adviser.“Pupils should study subjects such as how to manage feelings, attitudes to work and money, channeling negative emotions and even how to take a critical view of the media,” said Lord Richard Layard, a Labor peer and professor of economics at the London School of Economics.The proposal comes only days after the Government said that lessons in manners ---including respect for the elderly and how to say “please” and “thank you” --- should be taught in secondary schools to combat bad behaviors.Lord Layard, the director of the wellbeing program at the LSE’s Center for Economic Performance, said: “Learning hard things takes a large amount of practice. To play the violin well takes 10,000 hours of practice. How can we expect people to learn to be happy without large amounts of practice and repetition?”It is believed that at least two percent of British children under 12 now struggle with significant depression. Among teenagers, the figure rises to five percent. A UNICEF study involving 21 developed countries showed that British children were the least satisfied with their lives, while the World Health Organization predicts that childhood psychiatric(精神的)disorders will rise by 50 percent by 2020.In a speech at Cambridge University, Lord Layard said that the Government’s lessons in manners did not go far enough. “We need a devotion to producing a major specialism in this area, with a serious teacher training program,” he said.However, happiness lessons have been criticized by academics. Frank Furedi, a sociology professor at Kent University and author of Therapy Culture, said: “In pushing emotional literacy(素养), what some teachers are really doing is abandoning teaching. They are giving up and talking about emotions instead, so that children value all this activity more than maths, English or science. What is amazing abou t this is that time and time again, research says that it does not work.”1. What does Lord Layard think of the Government’s lessons in manners?A．They can hardly meet the special demands of education.B．They are quite enough to the special the present problem.C．They only focused on a major specialism.D．They wil probably end in failure.2. What do we know about British children from the passage?A．They suffer depression at an earlier age.B．They are the least happy among the 21 developed countries.C．They are the easiest to suffer childhood psychiatric disorders.D．Their standard of living is the lowest among the 21 developed countries.3. We can conclude from the passage that ________.A．the British Government hasn’t fully realized the problems with British studentsB．Lord Layard thinks little of the Government’s lessons in mannersC．British students are not well---behaved enough.D．lessons in manners have brought about positive changes in British students4. Which of the following method does Lord Layard use to show learning to be happy takes practice?A．Analysis. B．Description. C．Argument. D．Comparison.5. Frank Furedi believes that ________.A．happiness lessons should be taught to childrenB．happiness lessons are just a waste of timeC．formal teaching can go side by side with happiness lessonsD．formal teaching should not give away to happiness lessons3. Successful people not only have healthy morning habits, but also know how to finish off their day right. And they all have particular habits.Read a book. 1 They all know the importance of educating themselves every single day in order to achieve better results in their professional and personal lives. Reading will make you more likely to succeed.Organize the following day. Having a well-written plan can really benefit the tasks you have set for the day. It is really difficult to remember all the things you need to do. 2 Successful people know the importance of a well-planned day. So before you go to bed, write down your 3 most important goals for tomorrow.Spend time with family. Life is not all about work. We all need to enjoy ourselves and spend quality time with the people we love. 3 Going for a walk, playing a game with your kids or just enjoying a movie night, can all be really great exercises to strengthen your close relationships.Get a workout. 4 I am sure you have heard this many times, but exercise can really benefit your body, mind, and build your self-confidence to help you keep a healthy lifestyle.5 If you like getting things done in the evening, this could be the best time of your day to work on some art. By creating something artistic, you might even discover some hidden talents.4. On Monday, May 9, James Givens, a police officer in Cincinnati, Ohio, was sitting in his panda car. Just at that moment he heard what sounded like a _________. He turned around only to find a goose pecking at the car door. This was highly _________ given that the birds typically preferred to observe _________ from a distance.But on this day, the goose appeared to be determined to get his _________ and kept pecking until Givens opened the car door and _________. The police officer says that though the bird then began to _________, it kept turning around to make sure he was _________. When they finally stopped, Givens _________ why the mother goose had been so — she wanted him to _________ her gosling (幼鹅) that had been trapped in some balloon string.__________ that the mother goose would __________ him if he got close to the baby, Givens called the local SPCA (保护动物协会). __________, they were unable to send anyone to help right away. Therefore he had to call his fellow police officer Cecillia Charron, who was nearby and soon__________ Givens. Concerned that the gosling would not survive the __________, Cecilia decided to take on the task herself.As it turned out, there was __________ to worry about. The mother goose appeared to understand that Charron was trying to help and watched __________ from a safe distance as the office untied the trapped bird. As soon as the little gosling was __________, it ran as quickly as possible to its__________, and they took off shortly after. Charron, a 24-year soldier of the police force, said this would probably __________ to be the most memorable incident of her __________!1.A．cry B．knock C．greeting D．singing2.A．horrible B．stupid C．possible D．unusual3.A．humans B．foods C．enemies D．babies4.A．attraction B．welcome C．attention D．permission 5.A．ran away B．gave in C．looked up D．stepped out 6.A．slide in B．push ahead C．fly up D．walk away 7.A．backing B．copying C．following D．watching 8.A．realized B．recognized C．admitted D．wondered 9.A．care B．save C．treat D．company 10.A．Pleased B．Puzzled C．Worried D．Interested 11.A．tend B．attract C．thank D．attack 12.A．Hurriedly B．Surprisingly C．Unfortunately D．Hopefully 13.A．praised B．joined C．approved D．contacted 14.A．delay B．scene C．rescue D．injure 15.A．much B．enough C．nothing D．something 16.A．anxiously B．patiently C．willingly D．happily 17.A．freed B．relaxed C．removed D．relieved 18.A．mom B．case C．fellow D．owner19.A．seem B．grow C．like D．prove20.A．past B．career C．experience D．behavior5. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2022-2023学年广东省佛山市实验中学高一下学期第二次月考英语试题
2022-2023学年广东省佛山市实验中学高一下学期第二次月考英语试题1. Summer Writing Program Guide for TeensSpend your summer with teens (aged 13—19) from over 100 countries as you experiment with words, try your hand at new styles and work with respected professionals to create pieces you’re proud of ... all without leaving your home!Whether you are good at or new to putting down your thoughts on paper, we welcome you to join today and spend a week or an entire summer with teenagers of your age worldwide!Our workshops includes:College EssayGo from college essay ideas to execution (执行) in this week-long workshop. Students will gain with a fully drafted, standout personal statement in hand, and plenty of writing resources.Flash FictionIn this workshop, we’ll explore how a set word count (固定字数) ranging from 5 to 1,000 words can lead to creative freedom, allowing authors to develop their micro-fiction story to its most effective message.Humor WritingWhen it comes to comedy, there is delicate art involved in making people laugh. In this workshop, we’ll learn how to use words to share humor with the world.Science FictionWork towards the creation of a science fiction story, and connect with a professional author for advice on making your story shine.Online registration is open now. Space is limited. Join us quickly! Register for 2 or 2+ workshops and you can get 20% off.1. What is the purpose of the summer writing program?A．To give teens professional tips.B．To help teens connect with professionals.C．To improve teens’ writing ability.D．To offer teens entertaining activities.2. Which workshop will a short story lover choose?A．College Essay.B．Flash Fiction.C．Humor Writing.D．Science Fiction.3. How can teens get a discount?A．Join over 1 workshop.B．Sign up online.C．Apply in advance.D．Register in groups.2. The way we cook is important. In many countries, the two sources of heat used for cooking are natural gas or electric stoves. The World Health Organization(WHO) warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year.Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook stoves in the home. WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about 4.3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple biomass(生物燃料）and coal stoves.These findings show that the home use of poisonous fuels is to blame for many of these deaths. These fuels include wood, coal, animal waste and so on. Carlos Dora is Coordinator in the WHO’ s Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene(煤油）fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors. “New technologies and clean fuels can rid people of this problem.”The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of families in sub-Saharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. It says huge populations in India, China and Latin American countries, such as Guatemala and Peru, are also at risk.Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good stoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.“There are already many technologies for clean fuels available now. An effective and reasonably low-cost ethanol(酒精）stove that is made by Dometic (a Sweden-based company)is now being tested out. Another interesting development is electric induction stoves.” In India, you can buy an induction stove for about $8. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1.1. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?A．By making classifications. B．By listing numbers.C．By following time order. D．By describing a process.2. According to Carlos Dora, what is the best solution to indoor air pollution?A．People should use an effective air cleaner.B．People should use new technologies and clean fuels.C．People should open a window or door to let out the harmful air.D．People should prevent themselves from being exposed to harmful air..3. What can we learn from the passage?A．Most of the deaths from indoor pollution are in developing countries.B．Burning solid fuels can help limit indoor air pollution .C．People can buy ethanol stoves made by Dometic in India.D．There are already two technologies for clean fuels available for use.4. Which would be the best title for the passage?A．The way we cook is changing.B．Cause of indoor air pollution.C．The development of electric stoves.D．Indoor air pollution kills millions each year.3. Is your doctor telling you the truth? Possibly not, according to a new survey in Health Affairs of nearly 1,900 doctors around the country.The researchers found that 55% of the doctors said that in the last year they had been more positive about a patient s prognosis (预判) than his medical history. And 10% said they had told their patient s something that wasn’t true. About a third of the doctors said they did not completely agree that they should disclose medical errors to their patients, and 40% said they didn’t feel the need to disclose financial ties to drug companies.Really? The study’s lead author, Dr. Lisa Iezzoni, a medicine professor at Harvard Medical School and director of the Mongan Institute for Health Policy at Massachusetts General Hospital, was surprised to learn how dishonest her colleagues were. “Some of the numbers were l arger than I expected they might be,” she says.Why the white lies? In some cases, Iezzoni says it was for self- protection. Nearly 20% of the doctors admitted that they didn’t disclose a medical error to their patients because they were afraid of being punished for improper treatment. In other cases, it may have been for the patient’s benefit. Some might spare an anxious patient from hearing about the slightly abnormal results of a lab test, for example, if it has no negative effect on the patient’s heal th.“After all doctors are human too,” says Iezzoni. “ They don’t want to upset their patients, they don’t want their patients to look unhappy or burst into tears. But they also need to be professionals; so they need to tell themselves that if there is a difficult truth they need to tell their patients, they need to work out a way of communicating that effectively.”That’s important for doctors to appreciate, because as well-intentioned as their lies may be, other studies consistently show that patients prefer the truth, and would rather hear unpleasant news thanremain ignorant about an awful medical condition. Being fully informed is a way that patients can prepare for whatever might occur. Therefore, it is necessary for doctors to learn to express themselves.1. About the new survey in Health Affairs, we can learn that .A．10% of the doctors admitted that they had lied to their patientsB．about half of the doctors were unwilling to disclose medical errorsC．40% of the doctors preferred to work in drug companiesD．about 30% of the doctors were positive on predicting the patients’ disease2. Some doctors surveyed tell the white lies because they .A．were trying to defend themselves B．wanted to prove they were professionals C．knew little about the patient s’ situations D．wanted the patients to spend more money 3. The author writes the text mainly to .A．report some medical errors B．talk about the needs of patientsC．persuade doctors to improve skills D．discuss the doctor-patient relationship4. 将下列几个部分(A、B、C、D和E)按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末卷(全解全析)
2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末卷英语·全解全析注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4．测试范围：必修第三册和选择性必修第一册。
5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分,满分27.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
AMeldal from Denmark and K.Barry Sharpless from the U.S.“for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry,”the committee stated.Dr.Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize,while Dr.Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.EconomicsThe Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists,Ben S.Bernanke, Douglas W.Diamond and Philip H.Dybvig“for research on banks and financial crises,”the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday.By studying the history of American economics,particularly the Great Depression of the1930s,they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank’s impact on societal functions.1．What prize is related to the research with bones?A．Physiology.B．Chemistry.C．Physics.D．Economics.2．For what study did Ben S.Bernanke,Douglas W.Diamond and Philip H.Dybvig win the prize? A．About societal functions.B．About the history of America.C．About banks and financial crises.D．About the Great Depression of the1930s. 3．What do the prizes for physics,chemistry and economics have in common?A．Their winners are from different countries.B．They have three winners.C．They improve new technology.D．They help people understand hardship.【答案】1．A2．C3．B【导语】这是一篇应用文。
广东省2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题含解析
2022-2023年高一上学期期中试卷（答案在最后）一、单选(10分)1.Choose the correct sentence structure for“She found the task challenging.”A.SV--IO--DOB.SVOAC.SVOCD.SVO 【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查基本句型。
句意：她发现任务具有挑战性。
A.SV--IO--DO主谓+间宾+直宾；B.SVOA主谓宾状；C.SVOC主谓宾补；D.SVO主谓宾。
分析句子的结构可知，此句为“find+宾语+宾补”的结构，其中宾语为the task，宾补为challenging。
故选C。
2.Which of the underlined parts is not a noun phrase?A.The first week is a little confusing.B.The Maths task is not a piece of cake.C.The Chinese teacher in green joined the party.D.I think she is the most beautiful girl in my class.【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查词性。
分析句子可知，A项句意：第一周有点混乱。
其中a little confusing为形容词短语，在本句中作表语；B项句意：数学任务不是小菜一碟。
其中a piece of cake为名词短语，在本句中作表语；C项句意：穿绿色衣服的语文老师参加了聚会。
其中The Chinese teacher in green为名词短语，在本句中作主语；D项句意：我认为她是班上最漂亮的女孩。
其中the most beautiful girl为名词短语，在本句中作表语。
故选A项。
3.Let’s sign up and have fun,_____?A.can weB.do youC.will youD.shall we 【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查反义疑问句。
2021-2022学年广东省广州市番禺区高一下学期期中测试英语试题 Word版含答案
2021-2022学年广东省广州市番禺区高一下学期期中测试英语试题第一部分：阅读部分（共两节，满分50分）第一节，阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）AChinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating rooms with plants, fruits and blooming flowers carries special significance. They represent the earth coming back to life and wishes for new beginnings. Here are some of the most popular things and their special meanings.Oranges TreesOrange trees are more than decorations; they are a symbol of good luck and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times decorated with red envelopes and messages of good blessings. The fruits are a lso some of the “lucky” foods, which are a must during the celebrations.BambooChinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. Certainly during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants and stems are used frequently in feng shui and are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy to care for and make great presents.Brunches of Plum Blossoms (梅花)The beautiful long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are the first to flower even as snow is melting after a cold winter. They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.PeoniesPeonies stand for prosperity and peace and are considered as China’s national flower; they are often a subject of classical paintings. The peony is also known as the “king of flowers” and represents royalty, virtue and honor.NarcissiNarcissi flower right around Chinese New Year and are considered as a symbol of luck and wealth. Their sweet fragrance(芳香) is also highly respected in Chinese culture.1. If you are not good at growing plants, which will you probably choose?A. Bamboo.B. Plum blossoms.C. PeoniesD. Narcissi2. What is special about peony?A. Oil painters prefer painting it.B. It is usually used in feng shui.C. It bears fruits considered as lucky foods.D. It is called the “king of flowers”.3. In which section may this text appear?A. Entertainment.B. Health.C. Culture.D. Science.BTo say there are many new holiday romantic comedies made for television every year is the kind of understatement nearly like a joke. One of the reasons why they tend to be formulaic(公式化的) is that to tell a love story in roughly an hour and a half without cha llenging an audience’s settled expectations, there are only so many ways to go with the rhythm. Perhaps that’s why Netflix has better luck with Dash＆Lily, an eight-episode(八集) limited series that’s got the charm that a lot of holiday films lack.Our story begins when a lonely Lily leaves an interesting note in a book on the shelf at The Strand, hoping a stranger will start an adventure with her. Dash finds it and reads it, and he accepts its challenge. Thus begins a correspondence in which they each write down messages in the book and then leave it somewhere for the other, so that they never meet in person, but they get to send each other to their favorite places, sometimes to complete dares before the book can be found. Now, you do not want to think too carefully about this ——the idea that Lily’s hidden clue would be found by an age-appropriate straight boy who likes mysteries and looks like he was born to be her lover is the height of magic, so just stay relaxed and go with it.These eight episodes, each around 30 minutes, never drag; they fly by joyfully. The ending, as is often the case with love stories, is a little messy but worth cheering for. It’s as lovely and comfortable as you could want it, just about perfect for a weekend with a blanket over you.4. What made Dash＆Lily stand out among other films?A. Being formulaic to tell a romantic story.B. Presenting a new romantic television show.C. Attracting the audience with its typical charm.D. Satisfying the audience’s settled expectations.5. What does the underlined word “correspondence” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Relationship between two facts.B. Communication connecting two persons.C. Reports of study sent off by post.D. Action of writing, receiving, and reading letters.6. Which of the following best describes Dash?A. Preferring reading.B. Behaving strangely.C. Acting romantically.D. Enjoying adventures.7. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce a charming movie.B. To recommend a holiday comedy.C. To praise the romantic director.D. To explain what makes a good film.CBuying clothes for a special event, hiding the price tickets and returning them to the store the next day has for years been the method of economical shoppers. Today people are doing it just for social media.A survey conducted by the credit card company Barclaycard revealed that nearly one in ten UK shoppers tends to buy clothing only to post photos on social media for likes. After the “outfit (装束) of the day” makes it online, they return it to the store. According to Barclaycard, the “try before you buy” policy of online retailers (零售商) --- where people pay for clothing they order online after they try it on at home --- could be contributing to this rising trend.But the rise of social media has meant that everyone, not just superstars, expects to build and maintain a personal brand. Since we’re documenting our lives and posting them online for public judgment, getting caught in the same outfits more than once should be avoided. And the cost of all those outfits of the day adds up, which makes returning a popular way.There are brands that tailor clothes specifically for social media shoppers, like Fashion Nova. “These are clothes made for social media: meant to be worn once, photographed and abandon ed,” Allison P. Davis wrote in her report about the brand.Another favorite of the social media age is Rent the Runway, which lets customers rent designer clothing for a fee.Some, however, are moving in the opposite direction. Groups promoting “work unifo rms” have increased greatly in recent years, aiming to free women from “the annoyance of clothing decisions”. The concept of the “capsule wardrobe”(胶囊衣柜), which calls for purchasing a small number of high-quality pieces instead of lots of trendy throwaway clothes, is also making a comeback.8. What does the survey by Barclaycard suggest?A. Some Britons send outfits back after shoots.B. Britons try on clothes before online purchases.C. Britons follow the fashion stars closely.D. Some Britons over-order and return clothes.9. What’s Fashion Nova’s special service?A. Renting chargeable designer clothes.B. Creating unique shopping experiences.C. Offering customers single-use clothes.D. Helping shoppers improve their clothing style.10. What’s the idea behind the “capsule wardrobe”?A. Better fewer, but better.B. Less addition, but more enjoyment.C. Less uniform, and more freedom.D. More choices, and less annoyance.11. What’s the purpose of the author to write the text?A. To compare different wearing trends.B. To criticize the “try before you buy” policy.C. To advocate buying high-quality clothes.D. To introduce Britain’s new wearing trend.DEveryone needs to be safe, loved and to have a sense of belonging. These are inborn and natural basic needs. In an effort to have these needs satisfied, many of us tend to please others. And it works for a while. We find that we experience less conflict with others, but the conflict within ourselves grows. Saying “no” produces feeling of guilt andsaying “yes” brings anger.My father was in the military, so we moved frequently. Being shy, I didn’t make friends. What’s more, I grew up in a household where grades, image and how others saw our family were very important. In our household a “C” was unacceptable, a “B” should have been an “A” and an “A” meant the lesson was too easy. I was too skinny, my sister was too fat and my brother’s lips and ears were too big for his tiny head.To stop pleasing others is easier said than done. It’s a long process, one in w hich I am consistently working to perfect. The turning point for me came shortly after I got married. The very first thing we did to end the cycle of pleasing others was develop our own identity as independent human beings and then as a couple. And then we developed a strong set of core(核心) values and a vision for our future. The third and one of the most valuable things we did during this process was develop our own personal influence on others and we valued deeply the opinions of the wiser and more successful people around us.Besides, we should understand that sometimes helping people actually hurts them. The struggle is necessary to success. The struggle strengthens character, making people determined. So sometimes allowing people to struggle is the best thing you can do for them.12. How are we likely to feel when pleasing others?A. AngryB. Satisfied.C. GuiltyD. Happy13. What can we infer from the author’s experience as a child?A. He grew up doing a lot of housework.B. It was hard for him to adapt to the moving life.C. He realized the value of opinions from others.D. His parents had great expectations of the children.14. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. What steps the author took to go on pleasing others.B. Why the author further developed his values and character.C. How the author stepped out of the cycle of pleasing others.D. When the author turned to others for their valuable opinions.15. What does the author suggest doing?A. Helping others without delay.B. Thinking twice before offering help.C. Refusing to help others.D. Leaving someone in trouble alone.第二节七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省广州市六区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题(含答案)
2022-2023学年度第一学期高一年级英语科期末考试试卷命题人：高一级英语备课组审题人:伞瑶, 张卓婧本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分, 共13页, 满分为150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前, 考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上, 用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑：如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答, 答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上, 超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
第一部分选择题（共90分）一、听力（共2节, 满分15分）第一节听力理解（共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分）请听下面4段材料, 每段材料后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项, 每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料, 回答第1至2题。
1. Why is the woman looking for the envelopeA. She wants to send a letter.B. She needs to give it to Jill.C. She put her PIN number in it.2. What might the woman do nextA. Find Jill.B. Go to the kitchen.C. Buy an envelope.听第2段材料, 回答第3至4题。
3. When do the team take a breakA. At 8:30.B. At 10:30.C. At 9:00.4. What do we know about the woman！A. She was late for work todayB. She will he the man’s assistantC. She is a new worker of the company.听第3段材料, 回答第5至7题。
广东省广州市番禺区洛溪新城中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
广东省广州市番禺区洛溪新城中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Customs of the Lantern FestivalEating yuanxiaoYuanxiao, also called tangyuan in the south, is the special food for the Lantern Festival. It is believed that yuanxiao is named after a palace maid, Yuanxiao, of Emperor Wu Di of the Han Dynasty. Yuanxiao is a kind of sweet dumpling, which is made with sticky rice flour filled with sweet stuffing (甜馅). And the Lantern Festival is named after the famous dumpling, It is very easy to cook—simply drop them in a pot of boiling water for a few minutes—and eaten as a dessert.Guessing lantern riddlesGuessing lantern riddles (谜语) is also a necessary part of the Festival. Lantern owners write riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns. If visitors have answers to the riddles, they can pull the paper out and go to the lantern owners to check their answers. If they are right, they will get a little gift. The activity during people’s enjoyment of lanterns appeared in the Song Dynasty (960-1279). As riddle guessing is interesting and full of wisdom, it has become popular among all of China.Watching fireworksOn the night of the Festival, except for great lanterns, fireworks form a beautiful scene. Most families spare some fireworks from the Spring Festival and let them off in the Lantern Festival. Some local governments will even organize a fireworks party. On the night when the first full moon enters the New Year, people are really excited by the fireworks and the bright moon in the sky.1．What can we know about yuanxiao?A．It is difficult to cook.B．It is made with sticky rice flour.C．It is named after a famous poet.D．It is the special food for the Spring Festival.2．What will visitors get if they can answer the lantern riddles?A．A free meal.B．A new lantern.C．A new riddle.D．A small present.3．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A．Health.B．Education.C．Culture.D．Entertainment.There was a boy in India who was sent by his parents to a boarding school. Before being sent away this boy was the brightest student in his class. He was at the top in every competition. He was a champion. But the boy changed after leaving home and attending the boarding school. His grades started dropping. He hated being in a group. He was lonely all the time. All of these changes were because he felt worthless and that no one loved him.His parents started worrying about the boy. So his dad decided to go to the boarding school and talk with him.They sat on the bank of the lake near the school. The father started asking him some questions about his classes, teachers and sports.After some time his dad said, “Do you know, son, why I am here today?” The boy answered, “To check my grades?” “No, no,” his dad replied, “I am here to tell you that you are the most important person for me. I want to see you happy. I don’t care about grades. I care about you. I care about your happiness. YOU ARE MY LIFE.” These words caused the boy’s eyes to be filled with tears, He hugged his dad. They didn’t say anything to each other for a long time.Now the boy had everything he wanted. He knew there was someone on this earth who cared about him deeply. And today this young man is at the top of his class in college and no one has ever seen him sad!4．What was the boy like before going to the boarding school?A．Honest and humorous.B．Lonely and helpless.C．Active and outstanding.D．Sad and careless.5．Why did the boy’s grades begin dropping?A．He felt a lack of love.B．His classmates hated him.C．He missed home very much.D．He lost his best friend.6．What brought back the boy’s happiness?A．High grades in the exams.B．The help from his teachers.C．The deep love from his father.D．Tears in his father’s eyes.7．What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A．Scores are everything.B．Don’t go to a boarding school.C．Love me, love my dog.D．Love is silent power.Starting from July 1, the summer holiday is expected to bring 750 million trips made by rail passengers, about 15 million more than the same period in 2020, according to China State Railway Group. A recent report published by an online travel agency predicts that the number of trips made by air passengers this summer will return to normal levels of around 120 million. China’s tourism market is looking forward to a revival during the two month summer holiday.While COVID-19 cases have been reported from time to time in some areas, the tourism market will see a sharp rise this summer. This is due to the efficient vaccination (接种疫苗) program and strict pandemic (疫情) control measures, said Cheng Chaogong, head of a research center.According to the industrial report, as consumer confidence continues to improve, more than half of tourists want to have a family trip during the summer holiday. Also, 37.2 percent have chosen to travel with other family members. The survey result is a positive sign for the tourism market, since family travel was the main summer tourism model of previous years, the report said.Rising airfares and hotel bookings also proved people’s growing enthusiasm for traveling during the summer holiday. By the end of June, hotel bookings for the summer holiday had increased by 30 percent compared with the same period of 2020.Among the most popular destinations were Chengdu in Sichuan province, Kunming in Yunnan province, Harbin in Heilongjiang province, Shanghai and Beijing, according to the website.In addition, red tourism, which refers to the visits to historical sites with a modern revolutionary legacy (革命遗产), remained a popular choice for travelers as this year marks the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China.8．What does the underlined word “revival” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A．Loss.B．Challenge.C．Recovery.D．Chance. 9．Why is the tourism market expected to rise this summer?A．People are eager to get out and relax.B．The pandemic has been under control.C．People are tired of staying at home.D．The tourist industry offers various chances.10．What is the function of the figures mentioned in the text?A．To show the tourism is going to pick up.B．To prove people are fond of traveling.C．To state the pandemic has an impact on tourism.D．To predict the pandemic will come to an end soon.11．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Pandemic: not a threat anymoreB．Red tourism: a rising industryC．Changes in consumption view take placeD．Summer holiday gives tourism an upturnA recent announcement in China limits teenagers to playing video games for up to one hour a day on weekends and holidays. To make sure the restriction (规定) is followed, video platforms will need real-name recognition and facial recognition.As is reported, these measures have been welcomed by Chinese parents. The restrictions are aimed at the gaming companies, which have profited greatly at the cost of young people’s health and growth.A report compared video games to “spiritual opium” (精神鸦片) for China’s youth. They are influencing teenagers’ behavior in daily life, especially those who have not developed the proper time management skills. The way of restrictions may not be perfect, but it can send the right message to teenagers, as well as gaming companies who are using technology to drag users deeper and deeper into using their products.The gamming companies should consider developing more learning games or serious games, instead of games that serve no particular purpose other than making money. There is much we can learn from the gaming world. Learning can be a game in a way to guide students toward success if we design education programs to lead students through levels, from easy to challenging. Students should be provided opportunities to fail in a safe environment and gain valuable experience for growth. And when they have mastered a skill, they can celebrate it to feel a deep sense of satisfaction.Working in an education organization, I have noticed teachers who successfully use gaming in their courses. And I have also seen gamming companies working hard to producevaluable educational gaming tools or platforms. These tools help schools and teachers encourage students to achieve various learning goals.Education in many parts of the world is filled with ills, including the lack of purpose and efficiency. Perhaps gaming can teach us something.12．What does the underlined word “They” in paragraph 3 refer to?A．Video platforms.B．Gaming companies.C．Gaming restrictions.D．Video games. 13．What is the author’s attitude towards China’s gaming restrictions?A．Doubtful.B．Critical.C．Supportive.D．Unconcerned. 14．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A．Video games can be turned into teaching tools.B．All games harmful to teenagers should be forbidden.C．Teenagers should learn from online games.D．New technology is needed to help develop serious games.15．What is the author’s aim in writing the text?A．To call on teenagers to give up playing online games.B．To put forward a new way of making good use of video games.C．To inform people of the newly announced gaming restrictions.D．To draw the public attention to the bad effects of video games.二、七选五The bee population is dropping sharply. In some areas, losses of honeybees are reportedhuman and animal food chains.Few of us are research scientists and able to spare some lab time to help bees, but there are some things we can all do to assist bees.Plant things that bees like. Bees are all about pollen (花粉). If you want to support many different varieties of bees, plant some things which will feed them. The good news here is that bee-friendly plants are easy to grow. 17 Try cherry trees, orange trees and other flowering trees.18 Unlike honeybees, which live in man-made bee boxes, natural bees make use of many kinds of shelter; dead trees, branches and underground nest tunnels. You can helpwood-nesting bees by setting out a few inexpensive bee blocks.Avoid using garden pesticides (杀虫剂). Pesticides are bad for bees. 19 You’ll find plenty of tips at OrganicGardenPests. com.Support your local beekeepers. Beekeeping as a hobby has reduced in recent years. Lack of funding and changes in bee populations have made raising bees less attractive, but we still rely heavily on honeybees to pollinate our crops and gardens. 20 There are health benefits to eating local honey, and keeping small beekeepers in business is good for everyone.A．Provide bee shelter.B．Ensure a good supply of pollen.C．Flowering trees are attractive to bees.D．Bees prefer flowers that are blue, purple or yellow.E．Seek out your local beekeepers and buy their honey.F．Search for organic and natural means of pest control.G．The situation means a lot more than high honey prices.三、完形填空“Can I see my baby?” the happy new mother asked. When the baby was brought in her35 .21．A．pack B．work C．stay D．cry 22．A．ears B．hands C．eyes D．legs 23．A．poor B．broken C．perfect D．special 24．A．school B．forest C．supermarket D．factory 25．A．guessing B．knowing C．doubting D．seeing 26．A．argued B．spoke C．shared D．played 27．A．station B．church C．hospital D．university 28．A．secret B．certainty C．problem D．wish 29．A．choice B．chance C．failure D．success 30．A．terrible B．wrong C．satisfying D．interesting 31．A．discussed B．kept C．spread D．told 32．A．Anxiously B．Carelessly C．Similarly D．Slowly 33．A．prove B．remember C．discover D．question 34．A．respect B．honesty C．friendship D．love 35．A．unexpected B．unknown C．popular D．lost四、用单词的适当形式完成短文五、建议信46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom发邮件说他不能适应高中的学习生活，为此他感到很焦虑。
2022-2023学年广东省番禺中学高一上英语期末线上考试英语试卷带讲解
2022.2023学年第一学期广东番禺中学高一年级期末教学质量监测英语本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AAre you interested in hi-tech products?Here are some that you might find at the market pretty soon.CX-1Tired of dragging your bag through busy airports?Then you might want to consider CX-1.The smart suitcase uses facial recognizing software to follow its owner as he/she is checking in or heading to the gate.Though CX-1can only move at a speed of up to seven miles per hour,a tiny tool enables owners to keep track of the suitcase’s location.It is expected to be sold on the market by late2018.AiboSony’s latest version of the Aibo robotic dog is almost as fun as the real thing—but much less work.The pet dog can recognize its owner,obey several commands,and even recall the behavior that pleases its master the most.Aibo can also learn new tricks,take photographs,and over time,develop its own unique personality.ForpheusForpheus,an“athletic”robot developed by Japanese technology company Omron.It teaches users how to playping-pong.The10-feet-tall machine uses a camera and artificial intelligence to track the ball’s speed and can predict the ball’s direction correctly.The smart Forpheus can also quickly test its player’s abilities and adjust the playing level,making the game fun.Black Box VRThough many people determine to go to the gym once a week,few reach their goal.Black Box VR wants to change that by turning hard exercise into fun video ing it,gym users will find themselves fighting enemies,including big creatures—all while getting exercise.1.What is the feature of CX-1?A.It can be opened by facial expressions.B.It can recognize and follow its owner.C.It can move very fast in busy places.D.It can sense the suitcase’s location.2.Who would most probably want an Aibo?A.People who want to walk a dog.B.People who often play tricks on others.C.People who want to take high-quality photographs.D.People who want a dog but can’t look after a real one.3.Which product can help people do physical exercise regularly?A.CX-1.B.Aibo.C.Forpheus.D.Black Box VR.【答案】1.B 2.D 3.D【分析】这是科技类说明文。
2022-2023学年高一下学期期末英语考试卷(含答案)
2022-2023学年高一下学期期末英语考试卷（含答案）注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman think of Beijing Opera?A. It is slow.B. It is strange.C. It is charming.2. Where could the speakers most probably be?A. In a hotel.B. In a supermarket.C. In a restaurant.3. Who might have made a mistake about the cup?A. Cathy.B. Mom.C. Dad.4. Where are the speakers?A. In a department store.B. In a hotel.C. In a restaurant.5. How did the woman go traveling?A. By bus.B. By car.C. By train.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
2022-2023学年广东省广州市番禺区八年级上学期期末统考英语试题
2022-2023学年广东省广州市番禺区八年级上学期期末统考英语试题1. As students, we had better________ more housework in our free time to improve our skills.A．doing B．to do C．did D．do2. —It’s rainy all day. The weather will be ________ tomorrow than today.—What a pity! We can’t play basketball outside.A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worse3. In order to improve his English, he think she should read ________ books as she can.A．as much B．as many C．as most D．as more4. —Can you work out ________ question on today’s homework?—Of course. Ten plus ten is surely ________.D．five; twentieth A．the fifth; twenty B．five; twenty C．the fifth;twentieth5. I have ________ been to Shanghai once, but I haven’t been to Beijing ________.A．already; ever B．never; yet C．already; yet D．ever; already 6. I won’t believe your words ________ I’ve seen it with my own eyes.A．unless B．if C．when D．after7. This is ________ book I have ever read. I can learn quite a lot after reading it.A．educational B．more educationalC．most educational D．the most educational8. There aren’t ________ local restaurants here. You can go to the next street to try ________ delicious Cantonese food.A．some; some B．any; any C．any; some D．some; any9. Yesterday he ________ me he would come early. But so far, he ________.A．told; didn’t turn up B．has told; hasn’t turned upC．has told; didn’t turn up D．told; hasn’t turned up10. I’ve worked as a volunteer in this community ________ nearly five years ________ 2017.A．since; for B．for; since C．since; since D．for; for11. 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
广东省广州市番禺区2022-2023学年七年级下学期期末统考英语试题含解析
广东省广州市番禺区2022-2023学年七年级下学期期末统考英语试题（含解析）广东省广州市番禺区2022-2023学年七年级下学期期末统考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、语音辨识找出每组单词中画线部分发音不同的一个词，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．A．discuss B．rescue C．continue D．produce2．A．appear B．hear C．there D．here3．A．apologize B．joke C．oxygen D．dig4．A．smell B．test C．complete D．oneself5．A．fight B．laugh C．height D．night找出每组单词重读音节与其他不同的一个词，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
6．A．sailing B．arrive C．pocket D．radio7．A．address B．packet C．about D．machine8．A．money B．greeting C．perfect D．example9．A．aloud B．disease C．anyone D．around 10．A．experiment B．ordinary C．furniture D．quantity二、单项选择11．She bought an interesting book yesterday. ________ book is about space trips.A．A B．An C．The D．/12．Mike ________ enjoy swimming. But now he goes swimming every week.A．used to B．didn’t use to C．doesn’t use to D．uses to 13．—Sam, come downstairs, please. I need your help.—Sorry, Mum. I don’t think I can. I ________ on the phone.A．talk B．talked C．talking D．am talking14．________ fine the weather is! Let’s go out for a walk.A．What a B．What C．How a D．How15．Don’t play computer ________. It’s bad for your eyes.A．too much B．too many C．much too D．many too16．—They won the basketball match again.—They must feel proud of ________.A．themselves B．them C．they D．their17．Guangzhou is famous ________ Canton Tower. It’s really beautiful. A．as B．of C．in D．for18．_______ harder than before, and you’ll be successful.A．Study B．To study C．Studying D．Studies19．A lot of things ________ of trees. Trees are really important in our daily lives.A．make B．is made C．are made D．made20．Helen, you mustn’t play with the knife because you ________ hurt yourself.A．need B．should C．may D．must三、语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
广东省广州市番禺中学2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
广东省广州市番禺中学2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Where would you like to go for your New Year vacation? Here are the best ski resorts of comfort and joy during the holidays and the rest of the ski season.Kitzbühel, AustriaThe most prized downhill on the ski racing calendar, Kitzbühel also attracts a host of festive fans with its fairy lights, and performances of jazz bands. By day, you can enjoy 230 kilometers of runs over the Kitzbühel Alps, and fill up on hearty Tyrolean classic foods.Val Gardena, ItalyThis attractive valley is a New Year present waiting to be unwrapped. The three towns that make up Val Gardena—busy Ortisei, peaceful Santa Cristina and the higher Selva—traditionally go big on the festive season, combining their Italian, Austrian and Ladin heritage(遗产). The 175-kilometer skiing takes place below the towering Sassolungo mountain.Alpbach, AustriaAlpbach is often considered Austria’s prettiest village. Low at 1,000 meters, it may not always have snow on the ground. There are 91 kilometers of runs stretching up to 2,025 meters with a beautiful spread of mountain huts.Stowe, VermontStowe will celebrate its 85th winter of lift service this season and it’s a fine place to enjoy New Year. The skiing, up the road at Stowe Mountain Resort, offers options for all levels through forests from Mount Mansfield, the highest peak in Vermont.1．What can visitors enjoy in Kitzbühel?A．Firework display.B．Lift service.C．Spicy food.D．Live music. 2．What may attract visitors to go to Val Gardena during the festive season?A．The new year gift.B．The beautiful huts.C．The diverse culture.D．The traditional industry.3．Which place may have a disadvantage for ski lovers?A．Kitzbühel.B．Val Gardena.C．Alpbach.D．Stowe.Thirty-five years ago, with just one acre of land, a couple of seeds and a bucket of hope, one Nigerian-born scientist began his mission to defeat famine (饥荒) on his continent.News of the drought across Africa in the early 1980s troubled Nzamujo. Equipped with a microbiology PhD and his faith, he travelled back to Africa. There, he found a continent ecologically rich, diverse and capable of producing food. He believes drought wasn’t the only reason for widespread hunger, and that sustainability had been left out.Nzamujo began designing a “zero waste” agriculture system that would not only increase food security, but also help the environment and create jobs. In 1985, he started his sustainable farm “Songhai” in the West African country of Benin.Nzamajo lives on the farm and constantly updates his techniques. He credits his degrees in science and engineering for Songhai’s success. But he also thanks his spiritual and cultural roots, and his father — a driving force in his life who encouraged him to pursue his studies to the highest degree and to use Songhai to share his knowledge.Songhai has several “eco-literacy” development programs. They range from 18-month training courses for farmer-enterprisers, to shorter stays to learn techniques like weeding. People come from all over the world to study Nzamujo’s methods.After seeing success on his first zero waste farm, he expanded throughout Benin and western Africa. Today, the Songhai model is applied across the continent, including Nigena. Uganda, Sierra Leone and Liberia, Nzamujo says they've trained more than 7.000farmer-enterprisers and more than 30, 000 people in total since it began.Nzamujo believes zero waste agriculture is now steadily tackling the issues he set out to defeat, hunger, unemployment and environmental declines. And he wants to see it go further. 4．Which factor related to famine was unnoticed in Nzamujo’s eyes?A．Poor soil.B．Water shortage.C．Lack of resources.D．Unsustainability.5．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A．Introduce a solution.B．Give examples to the readers.C．Add some background information.D．Summarize the previous paragraphs. 6．How does Songhai help to ease the problem of famine?A．By offering land.B．By trading seeds.C．By educating farmers.D．By selling technology.7．Which of the following best describes Nzamujo?A．Critical and careful.B．Learned and responsible. C．Optimistic and generous.D．Considerate and ambitious.Known as a “living fossil”, the Chinese sturgeon(中华鲟)is a very precious species. It is believed to have lived alongside the dinosaurs more than 140 million years ago. Although dinosaurs are long since gone, the Chinese sturgeon still exists. However, the species has been listed as ‘‘Critically Endangered’’ on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species．On May 14,Shanghai legislators(立法机构)passed a new law protecting the Chinese sturgeon, emphasizing “regional cooperation”, according to China Daily. “This is the first local legislation in the country to protect one endangered fish,” said Ding Wei, director of the legislative affairs committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress.Taken effect on June 6, the regulation urges cooperation in law enforcement(实施), scientific research and rescue of the species between Shanghai and other provinces and regions in the Yangtze River basin, according to People’s Daily．The need for collaborative efforts is due to the living habitat of the Chinese sturgeon. As an anadromous(溯河产卵的)species, it mainly lives in the Yangtze River and depends on the Vangtze estuary(河口)for migration.The protection of the Chinese sturgeon is urgent. China began the artificial breeding and release of the fish in 1984. However, very few of the fanned fish have survived in the wild, the number of which is less than 1000, according to a report by the Shanghai Observer.Whether this species can be preserved depends on the natural population. “If the natural population is not well protected, the Chinese sturgeon is in danger of extinction.” Li Furong, vice chairperson of the Agricultural and Rural Affairs Committee of Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress, said in the report.Since Jan 1 of this year, a 10-year fishing ban on key areas of the Yangtze River basin has been issued, covering 332 nature reserves, which includes Shanghai’s Chinese sturgeon nature reserve．8．What is the new law passed on May 14 in Shanghai about?A．Forbidding fishing in the area.B．Protecting the Chinese sturgeon.C．Increasing the reproduction of the Chinese sturgeon.D．Listing the Chinese sturgeon as an endangered species.9．What do we know about the Chinese sturgeon?A．It mainly lives in the waters of Shanghai.B．Artificial breeding technology costs too much.C．Farmed fish multiplies quickly.D．Saving the species depends on protecting their natural population.10．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “collaborative” in paragraph 4? A．immediate B．joint C．urgent D．further 11．What’s the best title of the passage?A．The Chinese Sturgeon: Living FossilB．Artificial Breeding: Future of the Chinese SturgeonC．A New Law for a FishD．Call for Conservation of the Chinese SturgeonAn individual from an unknown hominid (原始人类) species walked across a field of wet, volcanic ash in what is now East Africa around 3.66 million years ago, leaving behind a handful of footprints.Those five ancient footprints, largely ignored since they were partly unearthed at Tanzania’s Laetoli site in 1976, show features of upright walking by a hominid, a new study finds. Researchers had previously considered them hard to classify, possibly produced by a young bear that took a few steps while standing. But the latest analysis refutes that suggestion.McNutt, DeSilva, who started the new investigation as a Dartmouth College graduate student, and their colleagues fully dug out and cleaned the five Laetoli footprints in June 2019. Then they measured, photographed and 3-D scanned the ancient tracks. McNutt’s group focused on two footprints that were particularly well-preserved. Foot shapes, sizes, and walking characteristics of the Laetoli individual differed in various ways from those of other hominid individuals at the same site. The prints also didn’t match those from modem black bears and modem chimps (黑猩猩) walking upright.The Laetoli individual possessed a wider, more chimplike foot than humans, the researchers say. Its big toe stuck out slightly from the second toe (脚趾), but not to the degreeobserved in chimps. On one step, the Laetoli individual’s left leg crossed in front of the right leg, leaving a left footprint directly in front of the previous track. People may cross-step in this way when trying to regain balance. And bears and chimps assume a relatively wide standing due to knee and other bone arrangements that prevent them from walking like the Laetoli individual and probably from cross-stepping, the scientists say.Given that only two of the ancient footprints are complete enough to analyze thoroughly, the possibility that a chimp other than a hominid made the Laetoli footprints can’t be ruled out, says William Harcourt Smith, a scientist at Lehman College. But evidence ofcross-stepping is enough to prove that it was a hominid track maker, he says.12．What does the underlined word “refutes” in Paragraph 2 mean?A．Objects to.B．Supports.C．Puts forward.D．Criticizes. 13．Why do researchers think the footprints were unlike those of bears or chimps?A．They are less chimplike.B．They have toes sticking out.C．They show relatively wide standing.D．They possess features of cross-stepping. 14．What does William think of the new research finding?A．It’s convincing.B．It’s challenging.C．It’s confusing.D．It’s conflicting.15．What is the purpose of the text?A．To describe a major event.B．To share a new discovery.C．To introduce an unknown species.D．To settle a huge disagreement.二、七选五Now I live in Paris. Actually, I don’t mind the food or the people, but I do care about the land that is extraordinarily lack of characteristics of hiking. I enjoy being outdoors and hiking, but Paris’s natural resources don’t hold much potential for my bent. So when my dad asked ifoptimistic.We started our main hike up Flattop Mountain. As we hiked it was much more challenging than I expected.____17____. The path is winding and we saw mountains towering over the green valleys and cliffs that seemed endless. What amazed me most was that thick clouds enveloped the mountainsides.____18____.I stared up at the top to see how much farther we had to go and I began to worry that I wouldn’t finish it. ____19____. It made me doubtful about my persistence (坚持). But when we looked back at the path that faded in the distance, I was filled with fulfillment with seeing how much we had done.As I was hiking, I started to reflect on how hiking was similar to other aspects of my life.____20____. It reminded me of my struggles in my classes and the difficulties I had to overcome. I spotted that the process of learning isn’t always the most fun, but the fulfillment after seeing how much I had finished just increases the thirst for knowledge, causing me to long for more learning. Looking down at the mountain I was content but never fully satisfied. Having considered a lot, I was determined to pursue the summit (山顶).A．Hiking could make me fly.B．Hiking gave time for my mind to wander.C．I thought I would finish the journey with ease.D．But I was shocked at the beauty surrounding me.E．I was satisfied with the landscape along the way.F．It was unlike anything I had ever witnessed before.G．A recent ankle injury had left me unsure of my physical capabilities.三、完形填空Savanna Lorpu Karmue, 11, is a student, author, activist, and possibly one of our next great cardiologists (心脏病学家). Her inspiring story started with her favourite Sundayparents to research related matters of the heart, Savanna learned that one in three of teenagerslifestyles. She was _____32_____ by the American Heart Association for her _____33_____ in the health community at such an early age. She’s currently_____34_____ an app that will make it easier for moms and families to make conscious efforts to _____35_____ “Happy Heart-approved food” instead of grabbing whatever catches their eye in a grocery store. 21．A．training B．appointment C．lecture D．operation 22．A．persuaded B．visited C．consulted D．cured 23．A．explanation B．appreciation C．affection D．expectation 24．A．Moved B．Forced C．Begged D．Encouraged 25．A．dying B．learning C．suffering D．benefiting 26．A．began B．avoided C．admitted D．denied 27．A．ways B．dreams C．love D．money 28．A．food B．reports C．education D．statistics 29．A．speaker B．doctor C．performer D．hostess 30．A．abstract B．extra C．brief D．practical 31．A．limit B．reduce C．apply D．compare 32．A．impressed B．confused C．honored D．protected 33．A．influence B．generosity C．knowledge D．power 34．A．commenting on B．working on C．showing offD．putting off35．A．preserve B．process C．deliver D．purchase四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2022-2023学年广东省汕头市高一(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)
2022-2023学年广东省汕头市高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
AWhatever attracts you to Ireland，the green landscape，the ancient castles or its cultures——these tours will help you make the most of your time here.Lally ToursExplore the west coast of Ireland on this bus trip.The route（路线） on this eight-hour journey winds through the picturesque Twelve Bens mountain range.Among the stops are a scenic mountainside village and the great Kylemore Abbey（修道院），a 19th-century abbey featuring a Victorian walled garden and a neo-Gothic church. Tickets for the tour start at ＄ 50 for adults，＄ 39 for children 5 to 12 and ＄ 28 for children younger than5.Discounts are offered to seniors and students.Deros ToursObserve the unique landscape of the Iveragh Peninsula，including Ireland's highest mountain，on this about 6.5-hour bus ride.Stops include the villages of Glenbeigh，Waterville and Sneem.From March to October，coaches also stop to show how dogs are trained to guard sheep.A high point is a visit to Moll's Gap.Another highlight is the Ladies View at the Killarney Lakes.Tickets cost ＄ 35 for anyone 13 or older，except students with ID，who pay ＄ 25；fees for those younger than 12 start at ＄ 20.Killarney Jaunting CarsOn this hourlong horse coach ride，you'll travel to both Killarney National Park and Ross Castle，passing sights like St.Mary's Cathedral and MacGillycuddy's Reeks along the way.Why a coach ride This means of transportation allows visitors to see parts of the park where cars are not allowed.Fees start at ＄ 33 for riders 13 and older，and ＄ 14 for those younger than 13.Killarney Lake ToursSee the sights of Killarney from Lough Leane，the area's largest lake，on this hourlong boat ride.Water buses start from and return to Ross Castle and pass attractions，such as Innisfallen Island's monastic（庙宇的） ruins andO'Sullivan's Cascade，as well as the nearby mountains.Prices start at ＄ 13 for adults，＄ 11 for seniors and ＄ 6.50 for children younger than 12.1.On which tour can you visit the tallest mountain of Ireland？______A. Lally Tours.B. Deros Tours.C. Killarney Jaunting Cars.D. Killarney Lake Tours.2.What transport is best for travelling in Killarney National Park？______A. By boat.B. By coach.C. By bus.D. By car.3.How much should a couple with their 15-year-old son pay on the Killarney Lake Tour？______A. ＄ 39.B. ＄ 37.C. ＄ 32.5.D. ＄ 28.5.BHachiko was an Akita Inu（秋田犬） who was born in 1923 in a county，Japan.A year later he became a gift for the daughter of a professor of Tokyo University.When the professor，Eisaburo Ueno，saw him for the first time，he realized that his legs were a little bent.They looked like the kanji（汉字）"八"that represents the number 8，which in Japanese is pronounced hachi，so he decided to name him Hachiko.When Ueno's daughter grew up，she married and went to live with her husband，leaving the dog behind.The professor liked him，so he decided to keep Hachi instead of giving him away.Ueno went to work by train every day and Hachiko became his faithful companion.Every morning the dog accompanied his owner to the Shibuya train station and in the afternoon he went back to meet his owner when Ueno returned.One day，while teaching at the university，Ueno suffered a sudden cerebral hemorrhage（脑溢血）which ended his life.However，Hachiko continued to wait for him at the Shibuya station.Day after day Hachiko went to the station and waited for hours for his owner，looking for his face among the thousands of strangers passing by.These days turned into months and months and eventually into years.Hachiko waited tirelessly for his owner for nine long years.Through rain，snow or sunshine，he would appear at the exact time his master's train was due in the station.The locals of Shibuya knew Hachiko and had regularly seen him with Professor Ueno.Due to the busyness of the station，many found it annoying to have the dog getting in the way.However，when they realized what had happened，they took charge of feeding and taking care of him while he waited in the door of the station. Hachiko kept waiting for his owner who would never appear.After his death，where he waited for Ueno every day，in 1934，a statue of him was put up in front of the same train station.4.Why did Ueno call the Akita In u Hachiko？______A. Because of his age.B. Because of his number.C. Because of his appearance.D. Because of his pronunciation.5.When did Hachiko begin to accom pany Ueno to the station everyday？______A. After Ueno himself kept Hachiko.B. Before Ueno's daughter got married.C. Whēn Ueno suffered a brain disease.D. While Ueno was teaching at the university.6.What can be concluded according to the passage？______A. Hachiko was 9 years old when he died.B. Hachiko was a gift from Ueno's daughter.C. Hachiko was unaware of his master's death.D. Hachiko was an annoyance for the local people.7.What is the best title for the text？______A. Akita Inu，a Kind of Smart Dog.B. Hachiko，a Faithful Dog.C. Shibuya Station's Statue to a Dog.D. People's Kindness to a Dog.CAccording to a study published by the American Psychological Association，playing an instrument as a child keeps the mind sharper as we age.The study，done at the University of Kansas Medical Center，elected 70 health y adults between the ages 60 and 83，who were divided into groups based on their levels of music al experience.The musicians performed better in several cognitive（认知的） tests than individuals who had never studied an instrument or learned how to read music.The brain functions measured by the tests tend to go worse with age."Musical activity throughout life may serve as a challenging cognitive exercise，making your brain fitter and more capable of meeting the challenges of aging，"said lead researcher Brenda Hanna-Pladdy. "Since studying an instrument requires years of practice and learning，it may create connections in the brain that could make up for cognitive drop as we get older.""Music-making is connected to a number of health benefits for older adults，"said Suzanne Hanser，chair of themusic treatment department at the Berklee College of Music in Boston."Research shows that making music can lower blood pressure，slow heart rate，reduce stress，and ease anxiety.There is also increasing evidence that making music enhances the immunological（免疫）response，which enables us to fight diseases，" Hanser said.Hanser said that anyone，without considering age or ability，can make music and benefit from it. "People are not only living longer these days；they want to remain healthy and active for as long as possible，"said Antoinette Follett，editor-in-chief of "Making Music"magazine. "Plus，there is an increasing focus in the medical community on the need to keep the brain as healthy as the body.This focus is as much about making the empty nest and retirement years fun and worthwhile as it is about preventing debilitating dementias（衰弱性痴呆） such as Alzheimer's disease.Music making is able to do both."8.Among 4 health y adults below，who might perform better in the cognitive tests？______A. A senior who used to teach reading.B. An aged man who knew a musician.C. A grandpa who often listened to music.D. An old lady who enjoyed playing the guitar.9.What does the underlined word" enhances"in Paragraph 4 probably mean？______A. Disables.B. Frees.C. Improves.D. Operates.10.What can we conclude according to the passage？______A. Brain functions go worse with age.B. Learning music is able to stop aging.C. Music is beneficial to brain and body.D. Playing an instrument can fight diseases.11.In which part of a newspaper could this article probably be found？______A. Culture.B. Art.C. Medicine.D. Health.DA drought is a period of time when an area or region experiences below-normal rainfall.The lack of enough rainfall，either rain or snow，can cause reduced soil wetness or groundwater，diminished stream flow（减少的水流），crop loss，and a general water shortage.Droughts are the second-most costly weather events after hurricanes.The early effects of a drought may be difficult to identify right away，so it may take weeks or months to determinethat a drought has started.The end of a drought is hard to identify for the same reason.A drought may last for weeks，months，or even years.Sometimes，drought conditions can exist for ten years or more in a region.The longer a drought lasts，the greater the harmful effects it has on people.Droughts affect people in several ways.Clean drinking water is significant for all life，and sources of water may narrow during a drought.Without the presence of water，people must bring in enough water from elsewhere to survive.Water is also needed for crops to grow.When not enough rain falls to naturally water crops，they must be watered by irrigation（灌溉）.Irrigation is possible only when there is enough water in nearby rivers，lakes，or streams，or from groundwater.During a drought，these water sources are diminished and may even dry up，preventing crops from being irrigated and causing them to die off.One person studying these problems is Alexandra Cousteau，a National Geographic Emerging Explorer whose latest plan is Blue Legacy.She started Blue Legacy to raise awareness that we live on a water planet and must take care of it.Cousteau，the granddaughter of the well-known ocean explorer Jacques Cousteau，believes that water will be a key issue in this century.She predicts that water problems such as drought，storms，floods，and degraded water quality will create "water refugees"，people moving in search of water.Cousteau stresses that we must do all we can to protect Earth's valuable freshwater resources.12.What is the function of the first paragraph？______A. To introduce what a drought is.B. To compare droughts with hurricanes.C. To explain why a drought occurs.D. To raise awareness of some disasters.13.Among all disasters，what is special about droughts？______A. They cause the greatest harms.B. They are hard to spot in no time.C. They usually end for no reason.D. They influence people's living.14.What does the third paragraph mainly tell us？______A. Crops cannot grow without water.B. Irrigation is impossible during a drought.C. There are many ways to prevent droughts.D. Droughts influence living and agriculture.15.Why is "water refugees"mentioned in the last paragraph？______A. To popularize Blue Legacy.B. To tell we live on a water planet.C. To persuade people to look for water.D. To stress the importance of water resource.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
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2022-2023学年广东省广州市番禺区高一下学期期末考试英语试题1. If you want to know something about British life, their spirit, and even their humor, watching some classic British films will certainly help. Here are some recommended to you.Notting HillAfter the success of his film Four Weddings and a Funeral, writer and producer Richard Curtis captured the essence of being British in 1999’s Notting Hill. Set against the background of rich West London, the film became popular for its charming and funny portrayal (刻画) of a British nobody trying to impress a Hollywood star.The Full MontyThis 1997 film is a Sheffield-based comedy (喜剧) about six unemployed men who form a group to make money for a better life. Despite its humour, the film dives deeper into some serious issues surrounding working-class culture. The Full Monty is an uplifting film that gives an insight into the work and life of the working class in Britain.TrainspottingDanny Boyle’s 1996 comedy-drama Trainspotting is about a group of Scots in the 1980s, based on the book by Irvine Welsh. With a cast of truly great actors including Ewan McGregor, the tale impressed the audience globally. It rapidly became a critical success.Monty Python’s Life of Bria nFeaturing a jam-packed cast of comedic stars, Monty Python’s Life of Brian tells the story of a young man who is in a case of mistaken identity. The film reflects the unusual and wonderful British sense of humour. As a film guaranteed to entertain, Monty Python’s Life of Brian is not to be missed by those looking for an insight into what makes the British laugh.1. What can the audience learn about by watching The Full Monty?A．Hardships of comedic stars.B．Life of the British working class.C．Unique experiences of some Scots.D．Daily life of people in West London.2. What kind of film does Monty Python’s Life of Brian belong to?A．A horror movie. B．A comedy film.C．An action movie D．A science fiction film.3. Which of the following films is adapted from a book?A．Notting Hill. B．The Full Monty.C．Trainspotting. D．Monty Python’s Life of Brian.2. For Derek Veal, it all started when he explored his grandfather’s old house in Georgia. He found an old suitcase filled with photographs, some more than 100 years old.The suitcase belonged to his great-grandmother, who had Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) and lived in a nursing home. Veal and his grandfather went to visit her with the photos, hoping she could tell them more about the photos. What happened next change d Veal’s life.“Everything came back to her when she saw these pictures,” Veal said. “She recognized her sisters, her aunts, her grandparents… It was the first time I had ever seen someone’s excitement from an old photo returning to them.”The experience made Veal realize the power of old photographs to hold precious and long-forgotten memories and restore a sense of identity. It never left him. Two years ago, when he came across old family photos for sale at a thrift store (旧货店), he decided to pick one picture and try to track down the family. Soon, he was inspired to buy more photos and started a Facebook group called Old Photo Project to aid in finding their families.Veal is not alone in this hobby. Photo and genealogy (家谱学) enthusiasts worldwide regularly use the internet and even social media to track down the families and faces in the lost photos. David, 26, lives in New York and started his project, Museum of lost Memories, in late 2020. He has already had over 300,000 followers on Instagram and over 750,000 on TikTok. “Some of my posts have gone viral and a person or family was tracked down in a matter of minutes!” David said. The motivation behind this hobby seems to be a combination of enjoying the detective work it takes to solve the puzzle, and the memories these lost pictures can bring back to the families they belong to. “I feel like this is my calling,” said David. “The more I return memories, the more it feels like I’m supposed to be doing this.”1. According to the text, what changed Veal’s li fe?A．His awareness of the value of old photos.B．The true stories about his great-grandmother.C．His family’s history shown in the photographs.D．His exploration of his grandfather’s old house.2. What do the underlined words “have gone viral” mean in paragraph 5?A．Have been updated regularly. B．Have made people think deeply.C．Have received some comments. D．Have spread quickly and widely3. How does David feel about what he does with the lost photographs?A．It’s not easy.B．It’s his duty.C．It’s not enough. D．It’s just a hobby.4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A．Returning Long-lost Memories B．Old Photos for Photo EnthusiastsC．The Power of Photos on the Internet D．Researching the History of a Family3. Italy has recently been selling hundreds of old homes incredibly cheap, thanks to plans that have led to the rebuilding of local communities.Scottish businessman Cesidio Di Ciacca bought a whole village. He has just finished renewing Borgo I Ciacca, a rural village dating back to the 1500s and historically named after his family.“At the turn of the 20th century my grandparents left the village in search of a better future,” Di Ciacca said. “They moved to Scotland, leaving behind their home.” Inspired by nostalgia (怀旧) for his ancestors’ land, Di Ciacca decided to return to breathe new life into the village and rebuild the local economy.Di Ciacca needed to acquire the entire village to begin repair work. So the first step was to track down all 140 owners of the 30-hectare village property —a long and complicated process made more difficult by the fact that emigration (移民) had spread them across the world.“It all started off as a hobby. Then I realized I needed to make this dream of mine into a sustainable business,”said Di Ciacca. “When my daughter Sofia decided to leave her corporate job and take care of the vineyards, I turned the village into a rural farm producing honey, jams, wine, and extra virgin olive oil, and launching eco-conscious activities.”The 2, 500-square-meter village now hosts a small cultural center and conference room for meetings. There’s also a canteen with wine-tasting spots and a kitchen for cooking lessons. Bucolic marathons are held in spring, with people running up and down the vineyards and then relaxing at the little square where villagers once met to chat in the evenings after working in the fields.“I want this village to be an important center for all Italian-Scottish people abroad who want to return and reconnect with their origins, and maybe even help their native country by launching activities and opportunities for growth,” Di Ciacca said.1. What drove Di Ciacca to rebuild the village of Borgo I Ciacca?A．The potential for profit.B．His grandparents’ wishes.C．Curiosity about local lands.D．Love for his ancestors’ origins.2. Why was it hard to find the village’s original owners?A．They had moved to different places.B．Many had passed away years ago.C．They were unwilling to sell their shares.D．They had refused to return to the village.3. What activities can people do in Borgo I Ciacca now?A．Barbecue in the fields. B．Host agricultural meetings.C．Feed animals on the farm. D．Pick grapes in the vineyards.4. What can be inferred from Di Ciacca’s words in the last paragraph?A．He needs fund for further repair work.B．He thinks the village is a profitable cause.C．He wants to help others of Italian origins.D．He plans to make his village a famous resort.4. As simple as it sounds, smiling can be the first step toward cheering yourself up. Re-search shows not only that you can bring joy to others even if you’re unhappy, but also that doing so is a reliable way to improve your own health and happiness, too. The key is to act like a happy person even if you don’t fe el like it.Last year, researchers at the University of California asked people to behave either outwardly or inwardly for one week. Those who purposely acted outwardly saw a significant in-crease in health and happiness. Similarly, paying for someone else and volunteering have been shown to raise one’s own happiness levels.One reasonable explanation is that positive behaviors lead to cognitive change. Try to tell yourself, “I feel unhappy, but I am acting happy!” That makes you feel happier. Psychologist Richard calls this the “As If Principle”: If you want to feel a certain way,act as if you have already done, and your brain will give you that feeling,at least for a while. The famous painter Rockwell was in formal treatment most of his adult life. But his happy paintings were clearly part of his treatment. He was painting his hope.So you can learn from Rockwell to bring joy to yourself and the people around you when you are down. First, ask what happy people will do to make terrible things better for them-selves and others, Next, make a plan to follow through on everything you’ve just imagined.Write three ideas for extra-kind greetings in a notebook and remind yourself in daily life. Listen to the sound of a happy person and use it as a model. By preparing yourself to cheer up your friends around you the way a happy person will, you’ll create the conditions through which you can produce your own happiness naturally and give the gift of happiness to others as well.1. How can we be happier according to paragraph 2?A．By saving much money.B．By cheating ourselves.C．By keeping our secrets.D．By assisting others.2. Why is Rockwell mentioned in paragraph 3?A．To list the application of “As If Principle”.B．To introduce some polite behaviors.C．To introduce his paintings.D．To show his artistic gift.3. What does the author suggest doing when you feel unhappy?A．Listening to blue music.B．Asking friends for gifts.C．Learning from happy people.D．Writing the sad things in a notebook.4. What is the main idea of the text?A．The secret to health.B．The reason for happiness.C．Keep smiling, even if you fail.D．Act happy, even when you’re not.5. If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’reat the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. 1 Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analysed the data across 50 countries.The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. 2 In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice.3 Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I loveyou”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women.Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. 4To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. 5 For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like acaptcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against cyber attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience.6. One day last summer, my 9-year-old son Ben and I were riding the waves at a popular ocean beach on outer Cape Cod. As we were playing happily with our surfboard, I suddenly noticed an astonishing _________—some whales were spouting (喷水) well within view of where we_________.We stared and pointed in _________. “Ben, can you believe it?” I cried. “We’re swimming with the whales!” “Mom,” Ben said in reply, “we’re _________ swimming with the whales. This is their habitat, not ours!”Ben’s words too k my breath away, more than the dramatic waves and the amazing sight of the_________.He was absolutely _________, of course. These whales live in the waters off Cape Cod. This is their _________—one that we visit, love and protect. So when we set foot in to a _________ space, it’s meaningful and important to _________ that we are visiting something that is beautiful and enjoyable to us, but is not __________ for us.We each have a part to play in __________ space. When we acknowledge our coexistence, as Ben __________, we set ourselves up for success in how we interact with each other. This is as__________ in the vastness of the ocean as it is in our __________ where we live, work, play and serve.How we __________ and support each other in this vast ocean of life—that’s up to us.1.A．show B．change C．sight D．sign2.A．stood B．left C．started D．lay3.A．fear B．amazement C．silence D．confusion4.A．seldom B．never C．always D．again5.A．beach B．ships C．swimmers D．whales6.A．confident B．crazy C．smart D．right7.A．home B．family C．performance D．stage8.A．secret B．public C．natural D．native9.A．ignore B．remember C．prove D．imagine10.A．forever B．only C．once D．almost11.A．sharing B．creating C．improving D．finding12.A．required B．judged C．expected D．did13.A．true B．easy C．funny D．powerful14.A．researches B．dreams C．communities D．activities15.A．compete with B．connect with C．hear from D．separate from 7. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。