2018-2019学年上海市松江区高三一模试卷

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2018松江区高三英语一模卷答案

听力材料和参考答案I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: Oh, No, it’s still out of order!M: I’m afraid we will have to walk up all those stairs again today.Q: What are these two people talking about?2. W: Mr. Smith, this is your schedule for tomorrow. You’ll be leaving Shanghai at five.M: All right. Have you reserved a room for our customer yet?Q: What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?3. M: What’s your hobby? Stamp collecting, reading or something else?W: No, nothing special. I often take pictures during holidays, but I’m afraid I’m a badphotographer.Q: What is the woman’s hobby?4. M: I’m not quite sure how to put this. But about that calculator you let me use, I dropped it. And now the “ON” button doesn’t light up.W: Oh! That’s OK. It hasn’t been working right for some time.Q: What is the man’s problem?5. W: It’s a pity that the football match had already begun when I got home.M: When did you get home?W: It was a quarter to eight, and it had started an hour earlier.Q: When did the football match start?6. W: Let’s see if you can find books by the authors your grandpa liked as a teenager.M: Haha. But first of all, I want to google the books to see if I like the story lines.Q: What is the man going to do?7 W: Let’s take out the extra desks. There are only eight judges for our contest.M: I think we’d better leave some for the students who are taking part in the contest.Q: What are the speakers doing?8. M: Wow, I really envy you, Shelly.W: Well, it’s for business. In fact, I’m sick and tired of restaurant food.Sometimes I just wanta home-made meal.Q: What can we learn about Shelly?9. W: Did you attend Amy’s presentation last night? It was the first time for her to give a speech to a large audience.M: How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!Q: What do we learn from the conversation?10. W: Hi, Harry. You’ve travelled a lot recently. When did you come back to China?M: I just came back from France this morning. I stayed there for half a month. But before that I travelled in Italy for ten days, and I am flying to Japan in two days.Q: Where is the man now?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Mr. Jackson had to travel somewhere on business and as he was in a hurry, he decided to go by air. He liked to sit beside a window when he was flying. So, when he got into the plane, he looked for a window seat. He found all of them had already been taken except one. There was a soldier sitting in the seat beside this one and Mr. Jackson was happy that he had not taken the one by the window; but, anyhow, he at once went towards it.When he reached it, however, he saw there was a notice on it. It was written in ink and said “This seat is reserved for proper load balance. Thank you.” Mr. Jackson had never seen such a notice in a plane before, but he thought that the plane must be carrying something heavy in its baggage room which made it necessary to have the passengers properly balanced, so he walked on and found another empty seat, not beside a window, to sit in.Then, when the plane was quite full, a very beautiful girl stepped into the plane. The soldier quickly took the notice off the seat beside him and in this way succeeded in having the girl beside him during the whole trip.(Now listen again, please)Questions:11. What was Mr. Jackson happy to find when he got on the plane?12. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?13. What did Mr. Jackson find out in the end?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.China has introduced various emergency responses and long-term measures against air pollution in the central and eastern regions.According to the report, the air quality index reading for Xi’an, capital of Shanxi Province, reached 500 last Wednesday afternoon. That was at the top of the air quality index, or AQI scale and indicating severe pollution.Smog still covered the city and the AQI at Thursday noon was 417, making Xi’an the second most polluted city in the region after Xingtai in Hebei Province at 491.A city government emergency response plan was carried out, delaying all construction and taking at least 50 percent of government vehicles off the road. Power plants must limit their output and reduce emissions.In December, nearly half the country, including Beijing and more than 100 cities in 20 provinces, suffered from smog. Many have taken action, including experimenting with artificial methods to reduce smog, limiting vehicle use and charging a fine for pollution.(Now listen again, please)Questions:14. What do we learn about the air quality last Thursday from the news report?15. How many cities suffered from smog in China?16. Which of the following is not the measure taken against the air pollution?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Hello, and welcome to our program, “Working Abroad”. Our guest this evening is a Londoner, who lives and works in Italy. Her name’s Susan Hill. Susan, welcome to the program. You live in Florence. How long have you been living there? W: Since 1982. But when I went there in 1982, I planned to stay for only 6 months. M: Why did you change your mind?W: Well, I’m a designer. I design leather goods, mainly shoes and handbags. Soon after I arrived in Florence, I got a job with one of Italy’s top fashion houses, Ferregamo. So, I decided to stay.M: How lucky! Do you still work for Ferregamo?W: No, I’ve been a freelance designer for quite a long time now, since 1988, in fact.M: So does that mean you design for several different companies now?W: Yes, that’s right. I’ve designed many fashion items for a number of Italian companies, and in the last four years, I’ve also been designing for the British company, Burberry.M: What have you been designing for them?W: Mostly handbags and small leather goods.M: How’s the fashion industry in Italy changed since 1982?W: Oh, it’s become a lot more competitive because the quality of products fromother countries has improved a lot. But Italian quality and design is still world-famous.M: And do you ever think of returning to live in England?W: No, not really. Working in Italy is more interesting. I also love the Mediterranean sun and the Italian life style.M: Well, thank you for talking to us, Susan.W: It was a pleasure.(Now listen again, please)Questions:17. Where does this talk most probably take place?18. What was the woman’s original plan when she went to Florence?19. What has the woman been doing for a living since 1988?20. What do we learn about the change in Italy’s fashion industry?参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1------10 DBDBA DCCAB11----13 CBA 14----16 CAC 17----20 ABABII．Grammar and Vocabulary21. with 22. could 23. written 24. until 25. reaching26. the most fantastic 27. who 28. his 29. As long as/So long as 30. to do31----40 GFIDC ABKEJIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A 41----45 DBADA 46----50 CCCBD 51----55 BCBCDSection B(A) 56----59 CACD (B) 60----62 CBD (C) 63----66 ACBDSection C(D) 67----70 BDFEIV. Summary WritingThe story is about a boy maturing overnight. A drug store owner found something stolen by Alfred and called his mother. Surprisingly, the mother took this calmlyand the boss decided to let this go. At home, he was about to show his pride in the mother’s calmness when he saw a deeply-worried mother, which greatly shocked him.(58 words)V. Translation72. This/It is the first time that he has commented on / has made comments on my clothes seriously.73. Living in school on campus enables students to devote more time and energy totheir academic work.74. What concerns me most is that the kid seems to be blind to / to turn a blindeye to everything around him but online games.75. It was because she failed to resist the temptation of money and fame that thefamous actress broke the laws and in the end had to pay a high price for it. VI. Guided Writing（注：专业文档是经验性极强的领域，无法思考和涵盖全面，素材和资料部分来自网络，供参考。

松江区2019年高三第一学期期末(一模)学科质量检测化学试题及答案【推荐】

松江区2018~2019学年第一学期高三年级质量调研化学试卷（时间 60分钟，满分100分）考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，所有答题必须涂或写在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。

3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

相对原子质量: H-1 C-12 N-14 0-16 Na-23 C1-35.5 Al-27 Ba-137一、选择题(本题共40分,每题2分,每小题只有一个正确答案)1. 下列过程属于物理变化的是A. 干馏B. 分馏C. 裂化D. 裂解2. 属于硝态氨肥的是A. CO(NH2)2B. NH4ClC. KNO3D. NH3.H2O3. 海水中含量最高的非金属元素是A.OB. ClC. BrD. I4. 下列物质熔化时只克服分子间作用力的是A. 钢铁B. 冰C. 水晶D. 食盐5.下列含碳微粒的表述错误的是A. 碳原子的结构示意图：B. CO2分子的电子式：C. 碳原子核外电子排布的轨道表达式：D. CO2分子的比例模型：6. 下列变化过程属于还原反应的是A. HCl→Cl2B. H2SO3→SO2C. Fe(OH)3→Fe2O3D. CuO→Cu7. 不能用离子方程式Ca2++CO32－→CaCO3↓表示的反应是A. 澄清石灰水和碳酸B. 澄清石灰水和碳酸钠溶液C. 硝酸钙溶液和碳酸铵溶液D. 氯化钙溶液和碳酸钾溶液8. 对核外电子运动状态的描述，较为全面的是A. 结构示意图B. 电子式C. 电子排布式D. 轨道表达式9. 将后者逐渐滴入(或通入)前者至过量，先产生沉淀后消失的是A. AlCl3溶液、氨水B. H2S溶液、O2C. Al2(SO4)3溶液、NaOH溶液D. FeCl2溶液、NaOH 溶液10. 不能用元素周期律解释的是A. 酸性: H2SO4>H3PO4B. 非金属性: Cl> BrC. 碱性: NaOH> Mg(OH)2D. 热稳定性: Na2CO3> NaHCO311. 关于的命名正确的是A. 3－甲基庚烷B. 2－乙基已烷C. 1－甲基－4－乙基戊烷D. 1, 4－二甲基已烷12. 能够确定溶液中一定含有SO42－的是A. 取样，加入用盐酸酸化的氯化钡溶液，有白色沉淀生成B. 取样，加入氯化钡溶液，有白色沉淀生成，再加稀硝酸沉淀不消失C. 取样，加入硝酸钡溶液，有白色沉淀生成D. 取样，加入盐酸无现象，再加氯化钡溶液，有白色沉淀生成13. 已达到平衡的可逆反应，增大压强后，反应速率(v)变化如右图所示，该反应是A. N2(g)+3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)B. C(s)+H2O(g) ⇌ CO2(g)+H2(g)C. H2(g)+I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g)D. FeCl3+3KSCN ⇌ Fe(SCN)3+3KCl14. 等体积混合pH=11的NaOH溶液和pH=3的CH3COOH溶液，所得溶液中c(Na+)、c(CH3COO－ )的正确关系是A. c(Na+)> c(CH3COO－)B. c(Na+)< c(CH3COO－)C. c(Na+)= c(CH3COO－)D. 不能确定15. 下列实验不用浓硫酸的是A. 实验室制取乙烯B. 苯与混酸反应制硝基苯C. 乙酸与乙醇反应制取乙酸乙酯D. 乙酸乙酯在酸性条件下水解16. 右图所示电化学装置(碳棒作电极)的判断合理的是A. 若Z为氯化铜溶液，Y有暗红色物质析出B. 若Z为氯化铜溶液，X附近发生还原反应C. 若乙为饱和食盐水，则X是阴极D. 若z为饱和食盐水，则碱在X附近先生成17. 关于侯氏制碱法，下列表述错误的是A. 食盐利用率比较高B. 实验条件下NaHCO3的洛解度较小C. 析出NaHCO3固体后的母液中只含氯化铵D. 在饱和食盐水中应先通入氨气，再通入二氧化碳18. 为探究铁的性质进行右图所示实验，下列描述正确的是A. ①中溶液呈棕黄色B. ①中Fe被还原C. ②中一定没有Fe2+D. ②中的反应说明氧化性: Cl2> Fe3+19. 已知氯气、溴蒸气分别跟氢气反应的热化学方程式如下:①H2(g)+ Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g)+Q1；②H2(g) + Br2(g) → 2HBr(g)+Q2下列叙述错误的是A. Q1> Q2B. ①和②中生成物总能量均低于反应物总能量C. 若①中反应生成2mol液态氯化氢，放出的热量低于Q1D. ②中2mol HBr(g)分解为1molH2(g)与1 molBr2(g)，吸收的热量为Q220. 四种离子大量共存的溶液中，已知Mg2+、Fe2+、Cl－的物质的量浓度之比为1: 1: 6。

上海市松江区2018-2019学年度第二学期模拟考质量监控试卷【含答案】

上海市松江区2018-2019学年度第二学期模拟考质量监控试卷【含答案】松江区2018—2019学年度第二学期模拟考质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2019.4考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分, 试卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上, 做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题前, 务必在答题纸上填写学校、姓名和考生号。

2018年上海市松江区高考数学一模试卷

2018年上海市松江区高考数学一模试卷一.填空题（本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分）1．（4分）计算：=．2．（4分）已知集合A={x|0＜x＜3}，B={x|x2≥4}，则A∩B=．3．（4分）已知{a n}为等差数列，S n为其前n项和．若a1+a9=18，a4=7，则S10=．4．（4分）已知函数f（x）=log2（x+a）的反函数为y=f﹣1（x），且f﹣1（2）=1，则实数a=．5．（4分）已知角α的终边与单位圆x2+y2=1交于，则cos2α等于．6．（4分）如图是一个算法的程序框图，当输入的值x为8时，则其输出的结果是．7．（5分）函数y=sin2x的图象与y=cosx的图象在区间[0，2π]上交点的个数是．8．（5分）设直线ax﹣y+3=0与圆（x﹣1）2+（y﹣2）2=4相交于A、B两点，且弦AB的长为2，则a=．9．（5分）在△ABC中，∠A=90°，△ABC的面积为1，若=，=4，则的最小值为．10．（5分）已知函数f（x）=x|2x﹣a|﹣1有三个零点，则实数a的取值范围为．11．（5分）定义，已知函数f（x）、g（x）的定义域都是R，则下列四个命题中为真命题的是（写出所有真命题的序号）①若f（x）、g（x）都是奇函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为奇函数；②若f（x）、g（x）都是偶函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为偶函数；③若f（x）、g（x）都是增函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为增函数；④若f（x）、g（x）都是减函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为减函数．12．（5分）已知数列{a n}的通项公式为a n=2q n+q（q＜0，n∈N*），若对任意m，n∈N*都有，则实数q的取值范围为．二.选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分）13．（5分）若2﹣i是关于x的方程x2+px+q=0的一个根（其中i为虚数单位，p，q∈R），则q的值为（）A．﹣5 B．5 C．﹣3 D．314．（5分）已知f（x）是R上的偶函数，则“x1+x2=0”是“f（x1）﹣f（x2）=0”的（）A．充分而不必要条件B．必要而不充分条件C．充分必要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件15．（5分）若存在x∈[0，+∞）使成立，则实数m的取值范围是（）A．（﹣∞，1）B．（﹣1，+∞）C．（﹣∞，﹣1]D．[1，+∞）16．（5分）已知曲线C1：|y|﹣x=2与曲线C2：λx2+y2=4恰好有两个不同的公共点，则实数λ的取值范围是（）A．（﹣∞，﹣1]∪[0，1）B．（﹣1，1]C．[﹣1，1）D．[﹣1，0]∪（1，+∞）三.解答题（本大题共5题，共14+14+14+16+18=76分）17．（14分）在△ABC中，AB=6，AC=3，=﹣18．（1）求BC边的长；（2）求△ABC的面积．18．（14分）已知函数（x≠0，常数a∈R）．（1）讨论函数f（x）的奇偶性，并说明理由；（2）当a＞0时，研究函数f（x）在x∈（0，+∞）内的单调性．19．（14分）松江有轨电车项目正在如火如荼的进行中，通车后将给市民出行带来便利，已知某条线路通车后，电车的发车时间间隔t（单位：分钟）满足2≤t ≤20，经市场调研测算，电车载客量与发车时间间隔t相关，当10≤t≤20时电车为满载状态，载客量为400人，当2≤t＜10时，载客量会减少，减少的人数与（10﹣t）的平方成正比，且发车时间间隔为2分钟时的载客量为272人，记电车载客量为p（t）．（1）求p（t）的表达式，并求当发车时间间隔为6分钟时，电车的载客量；（2）若该线路每分钟的净收益为（元），问当发车时间间隔为多少时，该线路每分钟的净收益最大？20．（16分）已知椭圆E：=1（a＞b＞0）经过点，其左焦点为，过F点的直线l交椭圆于A、B两点，交y轴的正半轴于点M．（1）求椭圆E的方程；（2）过点F且与l垂直的直线交椭圆于C、D两点，若四边形ACBD的面积为，求直线l的方程；（3）设，，求证：λ1+λ2为定值．21．（18分）已知有穷数列{a n}共有m项（m≥2，m∈N*），且|a n+1﹣a n|=n（1≤n≤m﹣1，n∈N*）．（1）若m=5，a1=1，a5=3，试写出一个满足条件的数列{a n}；（2）若m=64，a1=2，求证：数列{a n}为递增数列的充要条件是a64=2018；（3）若a1=0，则a m所有可能的取值共有多少个？请说明理由．2018年上海市松江区高考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一.填空题（本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分）1．（4分）计算：=．【分析】=，当n→∞，→0，即可求得=．【解答】解：==，故答案为：，【点评】本题考查极限的运算，考查计算转化思想，属于基础题．2．（4分）已知集合A={x|0＜x＜3}，B={x|x2≥4}，则A∩B={x|2≤x＜3} ．【分析】根据题意，B为一元二次不等式的解集，解不等式可得集合B；又由交集的性质，计算可得答案．【解答】解：由已知得：B={x|x≤﹣2或x≥2}，∵A={ x|0＜x＜3}，∴A∩B={x|0＜x＜3}∩{ x|x≤﹣2或x≥2}={x|2≤x＜3}为所求．故答案为：{x|2≤x＜3}．【点评】本题考查交集的运算，解题的关键在于认清集合的意义，正确求解不等式．3．（4分）已知{a n}为等差数列，S n为其前n项和．若a1+a9=18，a4=7，则S10= 100．【分析】利用等差数列的通项公式及其前n项和公式即可得出．【解答】解：设等差数列{a n}的公差为d，∵a1+a9=18，a4=7，∴，解得d=2，a1=1．则S10=10+=100．故答案为：100．【点评】本题考查了等差数列的通项公式及其前n项和公式，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于中档题．4．（4分）已知函数f（x）=log2（x+a）的反函数为y=f﹣1（x），且f﹣1（2）=1，则实数a=3．【分析】直接利用反函数值域和定义域的关系求出结果．【解答】解：函数f（x）=log2（x+a）的反函数为y=f﹣1（x），且f﹣1（2）=1，则：2=，解得：a=3．故答案为：3．【点评】本题考查的知识要点：反函数的应用．5．（4分）已知角α的终边与单位圆x2+y2=1交于，则cos2α等于﹣．【分析】由角α的终边与单位圆x2+y2=1交于，可得：r=1，cosα=，从而可求cos2α=2cos2α﹣1=2×﹣1=﹣．【解答】解：∵角α的终边与单位圆x2+y2=1交于，∴可得：r=1，cosα=，∴cos2α=2cos2α﹣1=2×﹣1=﹣．故答案为：﹣．【点评】本题主要考察了三角函数的定义，二倍角的余弦公式的应用，属于基本知识的考查．6．（4分）如图是一个算法的程序框图，当输入的值x为8时，则其输出的结果是2．【分析】x=8＞0，不满足条件x≤0，则执行循环体，依此类推，当x=﹣1＜0，满足条件，退出循环体，从而求出最后的y值即可．【解答】解：x=8＞0，执行循环体，x=x﹣3=5﹣3=2＞0，继续执行循环体，x=x﹣3=2﹣3=﹣1＜0，满足条件，退出循环体，故输出y=0.5﹣1=（）﹣1=2．故答案为：2【点评】本题主要考查了当型循环结构，循环结构有两种形式：当型循环结构和直到型循环结构，当型循环是先判断后循环，直到型循环是先循环后判断，属于基础题．7．（5分）函数y=sin2x的图象与y=cosx的图象在区间[0，2π]上交点的个数是4．【分析】直接利用三角方程求出结果．【解答】解：由于函数y=sin2x与y=cosx有交点，则：sin2x=cosx，整理得：sinx=或cosx=0所以：在[0，2π]范围内，x=，，，，故答案为：4．【点评】本题考查的知识要点：正弦函数的图象和余弦图象的应用．8．（5分）设直线ax﹣y+3=0与圆（x﹣1）2+（y﹣2）2=4相交于A、B两点，且弦AB的长为2，则a=0．【分析】由弦长公式可得圆心到直线的距离为=1，再由点到直线的距离公式可得=1，由此求得a的值．【解答】解：由于圆（x﹣1）2+（y﹣2）2=4的圆心C（1，2），半径等于2，且圆截直线所得的弦AB的长为2，故圆心到直线ax﹣y+3=0的距离为=1，即=1，解得a=0，故答案为0．【点评】本题主要考查直线和圆的位置关系，弦长公式、点到直线的距离公式的应用，属于中档题．9．（5分）在△ABC中，∠A=90°，△ABC的面积为1，若=，=4，则的最小值为．【分析】通过建系设出B，C坐标，化简的表达式，利用三角形面积求解表达式的最小值．【解答】解：如图，建立直角坐标系，设B（10x，0），C（0，10y），若=，=4，则M（5x，5y），N（2x，8y），由题意△ABC的面积为1，可得50xy=1，=10x2+40y2≥2xy=，当且仅当x=2y=时取等号．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查向量的数量积的应用，考查转化思想以及计算能力．10．（5分）已知函数f（x）=x|2x﹣a|﹣1有三个零点，则实数a的取值范围为（2，+∞）．【分析】转化方程的根为两个函数的图象的交点，利用数形结合，通过函数的导数求解即可．【解答】解：函数f（x）=x|2x﹣a|﹣1有三个零点，就是x|2x﹣a|=1，即|2x﹣a|=有三个解，令y=|2x﹣a|，y=，可知y=，画出两个函数的图象，如图：x，y=，y′==﹣2，解得x=，x=﹣（舍去），此时切点坐标（，），代入y=a﹣2x可得，a==2，函数f（x）=x|2x﹣a|﹣1有三个零点，则实数a的取值范围为（2，+∞）．故答案为：（2，+∞）．【点评】本题考查函数的导数的应用，函数的零点的判断，考查数形结合的应用，是中档题．11．（5分）定义，已知函数f（x）、g（x）的定义域都是R，则下列四个命题中为真命题的是②③④（写出所有真命题的序号）①若f（x）、g（x）都是奇函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为奇函数；②若f（x）、g（x）都是偶函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为偶函数；③若f（x）、g（x）都是增函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为增函数；④若f（x）、g（x）都是减函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为减函数．【分析】由已知中：，结合具有奇偶性及单调性的图象特征，可得答案．【解答】解：，若f（x）、g（x）都是奇函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））不一定是奇函数，如y=x 与y=x3，故①是假命题；若f（x）、g（x）都是偶函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为偶函数，故②是真命题；若f（x）、g（x）都是增函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为增函数，故③是真命题；若f（x）、g（x）都是减函数，则函数F（f（x），g（x））为减函数，故④是真命题．故答案为：②③④．【点评】本题考查的知识点是函数奇偶性的性质，函数单调性的判断与证明，难度中档．12．（5分）已知数列{a n}的通项公式为a n=2q n+q（q＜0，n∈N*），若对任意m，n∈N*都有，则实数q的取值范围为（﹣，0）．【分析】由a n=2q n+q，a1=3q＜0，由，则a n＜0，由指数函数的单调性知，{a n}的最大值为a2=2q2+q，最小值为a1=3q，由题意，的最大值及最小值分别为和，即可求q的取值范围．【解答】解：由a n=2q n+q（q＜0，n∈N*），因为a1=3q＜0，且对任意n∈N*，∈（，6）故a n＜0，特别地2q2+q＜0，于是q∈（﹣，0），此时对任意n∈N*，a n≠0．当﹣＜q＜0时，a2n=|q|2n+q＞q，a2n﹣1=﹣2|q|2n﹣1+q＜q，由指数函数的单调性知，{a n}的最大值为a2=2q2+q，最小值为a1=3q，由题意，的最大值及最小值分别为=和=．由＞及＜6，解得﹣＜q＜0．综上所述，q的取值范围为（﹣，0），故答案为：（﹣，0）．【点评】本题考查等差数列以及等比数列的综合应用，数列与函数关系，考查计算能力、转化思想，属于中档题．二.选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分）13．（5分）若2﹣i是关于x的方程x2+px+q=0的一个根（其中i为虚数单位，p，q∈R），则q的值为（）A．﹣5 B．5 C．﹣3 D．3【分析】直接利用实系数一元二次方程的虚根成对原理及根与系数的关系求解．【解答】解：∵2﹣i是关于x的实系数方程x2+px+q=0的一个根，∴2+i是关于x的实系数方程x2+px+q=0的另一个根，则q=（2﹣i）（2+i）=|2﹣i|2=5．故选：B．【点评】本题考查实系数一元二次方程的虚根成对原理，考查复数模的求法，是基础题．14．（5分）已知f（x）是R上的偶函数，则“x1+x2=0”是“f（x1）﹣f（x2）=0”的（）A．充分而不必要条件B．必要而不充分条件C．充分必要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件【分析】“x1+x2=0”⇒“f（x1）﹣f（x2）=0”，“f（x1）﹣f（x2）=0”⇒“x1+x2=0”或“x1=x2”，由此能求出结果．【解答】解：∵f（x）是R上的偶函数，∴“x1+x2=0”⇒“f（x1）﹣f（x2）=0”，“f（x1）﹣f（x2）=0”⇒“x1+x2=0”或“x1=x2”，∴“x1+x2=0”是“f（x1）﹣f（x2）=0”的充分而不必要条件．故选：A．【点评】本题考查充分条件、充要条件、必要条件的判断，考查函数的奇偶性等基础知识，考查推理论证能力、运算求解能力，考查化归与转化思想，是基础题．15．（5分）若存在x∈[0，+∞）使成立，则实数m的取值范围是（）A．（﹣∞，1）B．（﹣1，+∞）C．（﹣∞，﹣1]D．[1，+∞）【分析】推导出2x•m＞2x•x﹣1，从而m＞x﹣，再由x∈[0，+∞），能求出实数m的取值范围．【解答】解：存在x∈[0，+∞）使成立，∴2x•x﹣2x•m＜1，∴2x•m＞2x•x﹣1，∴m＞x﹣，∵x∈[0，+∞），∴2x≥1，∴m＞x﹣≥﹣1．∴实数m的取值范围是（﹣1，+∞）．故选：B．【点评】本题考查实数值的取值范围的求法，考查二阶行列式、不等式、指数性质等基础知识，考查推理论证能力、运算求解能力，考查化归与转化思想，是基础题．16．（5分）已知曲线C1：|y|﹣x=2与曲线C2：λx2+y2=4恰好有两个不同的公共点，则实数λ的取值范围是（）A．（﹣∞，﹣1]∪[0，1）B．（﹣1，1]C．[﹣1，1）D．[﹣1，0]∪（1，+∞）【分析】利用绝对值的几何意义，由x=|y|﹣2可得，y≥0时，x=y﹣2；y＜0时，x=﹣y﹣2，函数x=|y|﹣2的图象与方程y2+λx2=4的曲线必相交于（0，±2），为了使曲线C1：|y|﹣x=2与曲线C2：λx2+y2=4恰好有两个不同的公共点，则两曲线无其它交点．x=y﹣2代入方程y2+λx2=4，整理可得（1+λ）y2﹣4λy+4λ﹣4=0，分类讨论，可得结论，根据对称性，同理可得y＜0时的情形．【解答】解：由x=|y|﹣2可得，y≥0时，x=y﹣2；y＜0时，x=﹣y﹣2，∴函数x=|y|﹣2的图象与方程y2+λx2=4的曲线必相交于（0，±2），所以为了使曲线C1：|y|﹣x=2与曲线C2：λx2+y2=4恰好有两个不同的公共点，则将x=y﹣2代入方程y2+λx2=4，整理可得（1+λ）y2﹣4λy+4λ﹣4=0，当λ=﹣1时，y=2满足题意，∵曲线C1：|y|﹣x=2与曲线C2：λx2+y2=4恰好有两个不同的公共点，∴△＞0，2是方程的根，∴＜0，即﹣1＜λ＜1时，方程两根异号，满足题意；综上知，实数λ的取值范围是[﹣1，1）．故选：C．【点评】本题考查曲线的交点，考查学生分析解决问题的能力，考查分类讨论的数学思想，属于中档题．三.解答题（本大题共5题，共14+14+14+16+18=76分）17．（14分）在△ABC中，AB=6，AC=3，=﹣18．（1）求BC边的长；（2）求△ABC的面积．【分析】（1）直接利用向量的数量积和余弦定理求出BC的长．（2）进一步利用余弦定理和三角形的面积公式求出结果．【解答】解：（1）=﹣18，由于：AB=6，AC=3，所以：BC2=AB2+AC2﹣2AB•ACcosA，解得：BC=3．（2）在△ABC中，BA=6，AC=3，BC=3，则：cosA==﹣，所以：sinA=，则：=．【点评】本题考查的知识要点：向量的数量积的应用，余弦定理的应用，三角形面积公式的应用．18．（14分）已知函数（x≠0，常数a∈R）．（1）讨论函数f（x）的奇偶性，并说明理由；（2）当a＞0时，研究函数f（x）在x∈（0，+∞）内的单调性．【分析】（1）根据函数奇偶性定义，可得当a=0时，函数f（x）为偶函数；当a ≠0时，函数f（x）为非奇非偶函数；（2）当a＞0时，f（x）在（0，a）上为减函数，在（a，+∞）上为增函数；【解答】解：（1）当a=0时，函数f（x）=1（x≠0）满足f（﹣x）=f（x），此时f（x）为偶函数；当a≠0时，函数f（a）=0，f（﹣a）=2，不满足f（﹣x）=f（x），也不满足f（﹣x）=﹣f（x），此时f（x）为非奇非偶函数；（2）当a＞0时，若x∈（0，a），则，为减函数；若x∈（a，+∞），则，为增函数；故f（x）在（0，a）上为减函数，在（a，+∞）上为增函数；【点评】本题考查的知识点是函数的奇偶性，函数的单调性，是函数图象和性质的综合应用，难度中档．19．（14分）松江有轨电车项目正在如火如荼的进行中，通车后将给市民出行带来便利，已知某条线路通车后，电车的发车时间间隔t（单位：分钟）满足2≤t ≤20，经市场调研测算，电车载客量与发车时间间隔t相关，当10≤t≤20时电车为满载状态，载客量为400人，当2≤t＜10时，载客量会减少，减少的人数与（10﹣t）的平方成正比，且发车时间间隔为2分钟时的载客量为272人，记电车载客量为p（t）．（1）求p（t）的表达式，并求当发车时间间隔为6分钟时，电车的载客量；（2）若该线路每分钟的净收益为（元），问当发车时间间隔为多少时，该线路每分钟的净收益最大？【分析】（1）由题意知，p（t）=（k为常数），结合p（2）=272求得k=2，则p（t）的表达式可求，进一步求得p（6）；（2）写出分段函数Q=，利用基本不等式及函数的单调性分段求出最大值，取两者中的最大者得答案．【解答】解：（1）由题意知，p（t）=（k为常数），∵p（2）=400﹣k（10﹣2）2=272，∴k=2．∴p（t）=．∴p（6）=400﹣2（10﹣6）2=368；（2）由，可得Q=，当2≤t＜10时，Q=180﹣（12t+），当且仅当t=5时等号成立；当10≤t≤20时，Q=﹣60+≤﹣60+90=30，当t=10时等号成立．∴当发车时间间隔为5分钟时，该线路每分钟的净收益最大，最大为60元．【点评】本题考查函数模型的性质及应用，考查简单的数学建模思想方法，是中档题．20．（16分）已知椭圆E：=1（a＞b＞0）经过点，其左焦点为，过F点的直线l交椭圆于A、B两点，交y轴的正半轴于点M．（1）求椭圆E的方程；（2）过点F且与l垂直的直线交椭圆于C、D两点，若四边形ACBD的面积为，求直线l的方程；（3）设，，求证：λ1+λ2为定值．【分析】（1）由c=，由a2=b2+c2=b2+3，将点代入椭圆方程，即可求得a和b 的值，即可求得椭圆方程；（2）设直线l的方程，代入椭圆方程，利用韦达定理及弦长公式求得|AB|及|CD|，则四边形ACBD的面积S=×|AB||CD|=，即可求得k的值，求得直线l的方程；（3）由向量的坐标运算，表示出λ1和λ2，有（2）即可求得λ1+λ2为定值．【解答】解：（1）由题意可得：c=，则a2=b2+c2=b2+3，将代入椭圆方程：，解得：b2=1，a2=4，∴椭圆的E的方程：；（2）设直线l：y=k（x+），A（x1，y1），B（x2，y2），C（x0，y0），则D（x1，﹣y1），联立，整理得：（1+4k2）x2+8k2x+12k2﹣4=0，∴x1+x2=﹣，x1x2=，|AB|==，由直线CD的斜率为﹣，将k转化成﹣，同理|CD|=，∴四边形ACBD的面积S=×|AB||CD|==，∴2k4﹣5k2+2=0，解得：k2=2，k2=，∴k=±或k=±，由k＞0，∴k=或k=，∴直线AB的方程为x﹣y+=0或x﹣y+=0；（3），，得x1=λ1（﹣﹣x1），x2=λ2（﹣﹣x2），∴λ1=，λ2=，λ1+λ2=﹣（+）=﹣==﹣8，λ1+λ2为定值，定值为﹣8．【点评】本题考查椭圆的标准方程，直线与椭圆的位置关系，考查韦达定理，弦长公式及向量的坐标运算，考查计算能力，属于中档题．21．（18分）已知有穷数列{a n}共有m项（m≥2，m∈N*），且|a n+1﹣a n|=n（1≤n≤m﹣1，n∈N*）．（1）若m=5，a1=1，a5=3，试写出一个满足条件的数列{a n}；（2）若m=64，a1=2，求证：数列{a n}为递增数列的充要条件是a64=2018；（3）若a1=0，则a m所有可能的取值共有多少个？请说明理由．﹣a n|=n（1≤n 【分析】（1）有穷数列{a n}共有m项（m≥2，m∈N*），且|a n+1≤m﹣1，n∈N*）．m=5，a1=1，a5=3，由此能写出满足条件的数列{a n}．（2）若{a n}为递增数列，由题意得a2﹣a1=1，a3﹣a2=2，…，a64﹣a63=63，由此能推导出a64=2018．由题意|a n+1﹣a n|=n，1≤n≤63，n∈N*，推导出a2﹣a1≤1，a3﹣a2≤2，…，a64﹣a63≤63，由a64=2018，推导出a n+1﹣a n=n，1≤n≤63，n∈N*，从而{a n}是增数列，由此能证明数列{a n}为递增数列的充要条件是a64=2018．（3）由题意得a2﹣a1=±1，a3﹣a2=±2，…，a m﹣a m﹣1=±（m﹣1），推导出a m 的所有可能值与（a m）max的差必为偶数，用数学归纳法证明a n可以取到﹣与之间相差2的所有整数，由此能求出a m所有可能的取值的个数．﹣a n|=n（1【解答】解：（1）有穷数列{a n}共有m项（m≥2，m∈N*），且|a n+1≤n≤m﹣1，n∈N*）．m=5，a1=1，a5=3，则满足条件的数列{a n}有：1，2，4，7，3和1，0，2，﹣1，3．证明：（2）必要性若{a n}为递增数列，由题意得：a2﹣a1=1，a3﹣a2=2，…，a64﹣a63=63，∴a64﹣a1==2016，∵a1=2，∴a64=2018．充分性由题意|a n﹣a n|=n，1≤n≤63，n∈N*，+1∴a2﹣a1≤1，a3﹣a2≤2，…，a64﹣a63≤63，∴a64﹣a1≤2016，∴a64≤2018，∵a64=2018，﹣a n=n，1≤n≤63，n∈N*，∴a n+1∴{a n}是增数列，综上，数列{a n}为递增数列的充要条件是a64=2018．解：（3）由题意得a2﹣a1=±1，a3﹣a2=±2，…，a m﹣a m﹣1=±（m﹣1），假设a m=b1+b2+b3+…+b m﹣1，其中，b i∈{﹣i，i}，（i∈N*，1≤i≤m﹣1），则（a m）min=﹣1﹣2﹣…﹣（m﹣1）=﹣．若a n中有k项，，，…，取负值，则有a m=（a m）max﹣（+++…+），（*）∴a m的所有可能值与（a m）max的差必为偶数，下面用数学归纳法证明a n可以取到﹣与之间相差2的所有整数，由（*）知，只需从1，2，3，…，m﹣1中任取一项或若干项相加，可以得到2从1到的所有整数值即可，当m=2时，成立，当m=3时，从1，2中任取一项或两项相加，可以得到从1，2，3中任取一项或若干项相加，可以得到从1到3的所有整数，结论成立，②假设m=k（k≥3，k∈N*）结论成立，即从1，2，3，…，k﹣1中任取一项或若干项相加，可以得到从1到的所有整数值，则当m=k+1时，由假设，从1，2，3，…，k﹣1中任取一项或若干项相加，可以得到从1到的所有整数值，用k取代1，2，3，…，k﹣1中的k，可得，用k取代1，2，3，…，k﹣1中的k﹣2，可得，将1，2，3，…，k﹣1，k全部相加，可得，故命题成立，∴a m所有可能的取值共有：=个．【点评】本题考查数列的求法，考查数列为增函数的充要条件的证明，考查满足条件的数列的可能取值的个数的求法，考查推理论证能力、运算求解能力，考查化归与转化思想、函数与方程思想，是中档题．。

2018年上海松江区高三年级一模试题(附答案)

2018年松江区高三一模语文试题一积累应用 10分1.按要求填空。

（5分）（1）三山半落青天外，。

（李白《登金陵凤凰台》）（2）“，则知明而行无过矣”一句出自荀子的《》。

（3）王国维《人间词话》中评周邦彦词句“，”曰：“此真能得荷之神理者，觉白石《念奴娇》《惜红衣》二词，犹有隔雾看花之恨”。

2.按要求选择。

（5分）（1）重阳节小明赏菊拍了很多照片，你提供一些句子给他，作为他的照片的配诗，以下句子不适合提供的一项是（）。

（2分）A.尘世难逢开口笑，菊花须插满头归。

B.轻肌弱骨散幽葩，更将金蕊泛流霞C.浅红淡白间深黄，簇簇新妆阵阵香。

D.蒂有余香金淡泊，枝无全叶翠离披（2）填入下面语段空白处的词句，最恰当的一项是（）（3分）科学可以产生文明，文明可以产生缺陷，缺陷可以产生科学。

如果缩短些说：缺陷是科学的种子，科学是缺陷的化身。

因此，我们可以知道，因此，我们更可以知道。

A.缺陷的价值，科学的来源B.缺陷的作用，科学的价值C.科学的来源，缺陷的价值D.科学的价值，缺陷的作用二阅读 70分（一）阅读下文，完成第3-7题。

（15分）数学与文化齐民友①与一般观念不同，数学，其实也是文化的一部分。

而且，数学和任何其他学科不同，数学是任何科学所不可或缺的。

没有任何一门科学能像它那样泽被天下，它是现代科学技术的语言和工具。

现代科学之所以成为现代科学，第一个决定性的步骤是使自己数学化。

为什么会这样？因为数学在人类理性思维活动中有一些特点，这些特点的形成离不开各个时代的总的文化背景，同时又是数学影响人类文化最突出之点。

②数学追求一种完全确定、完全可靠的知识。

在这本小书里可以看到许多被吸引到数学中来的人正是因为数学有这样的特点。

例如说，欧几里得平面上的三角形内角和为180°，这绝不是说“在某种条件下”，“绝大部分”三角形的内角和“在某种误差范围内”为180°，而是在命题的规定范围内，一切三角形的内角和不多不少为180°。

2018——2019年上海各区高中数学高三数学一模试卷试题汇总

第一学期教学质量检测高三数学试卷一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分）只要求直接填写结果，1-6题每个空格填对得4分，7-12题每个空格填对得5分，否则一律得零分. 1. 已知全集R U =，集合(][)12,,=-∞+∞A ，则U=A ______________.()12,2. 抛物线24=y x 的焦点坐标为_________.()10, 3. 不等式2log 1021>x 的解为____________.4(,)+∞4. 已知复数z 满足(1i)4i z +⋅=（i 为虚数单位），则z 的模为_________. 225. 若函数()=y f x 的图像恒过点01(,)，则函数13()-=+y fx 的图像一定经过定点____.()13,6. 已知数列{}n a 为等差数列，其前n 项和为n S .若936=S ，则348++=a a a ________.127. 在△ABC 中，内角,,A B C 的对边是,,a b c .若22)32(b a ⋅+=，c b =，则=A ___.56π 8. 已知圆锥的体积为π33，母线与底面所成角为3π，则该圆锥的表面积为．π3 9.已知二项式n的展开式中，前三项的二项式系数之和为37，则展开式中的第五项为________.358x 10. 已知函数()2||1=+-f x x x a 有三个不同的零点，则实数a 的取值范围为_____.(,-∞11. 已知数列{}n a 满足：211007(1)2018(1)++=-++n n n na n a n a *()∈n N ，且121,2,a a ==若1lim,+→∞=n n na A a 则=A ___________. 100912. 已知函数()2,24161,22-⎧≥⎪+⎪=⎨⎛⎫⎪< ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩x ax x x f x x ，若对任意的[)12,∈+∞x ，都存在唯一的()2,2∈-∞x ，满足()()12=f x f x ，则实数a 的取值范围为_________. [)2,6∈-a解：当[)12,∈+∞x 时，1211041616x x ⎛⎤∈ ⎥+⎝⎦，.当()2,2∈-∞x 时，（1）若2a ≥，则()11=22x aa xf x --⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭在(),2-∞上是单调递增函数，所以()2210,2a f x -⎛⎫⎛⎫∈ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭.若满足题目要求，则21100,162a -⎛⎫⎛⎤⎛⎫⊆ ⎪ ⎪⎥ ⎪⎝⎦⎝⎭⎝⎭，，所以24111,24,62162a a a -⎛⎫⎛⎫>=∴-<< ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭.又2a ≥，所以[)2,6a ∈. （2）若2a <，则()1,,21=21, 2.2a xx ax ax a f x a x ---⎧⎛⎫<⎪ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎛⎫=⎨ ⎪⎝⎭⎛⎫⎪≤< ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩，()f x 在(),a -∞上是单调递增函数，此时()()0,1f x ∈；()f x 在[),2a 上是单调递减函数，此时()21,12a f x -⎛⎤⎛⎫∈ ⎥ ⎪ ⎝⎭⎥⎝⎦.若满足题目要求，则211,2162aa -⎛⎫≤∴≥- ⎪⎝⎭，又2a <，所以[)2,2a ∈-.综上，[)2,6a ∈-.二、选择题(本大题共有4题，满分20分) 每小题都给出四个选项，其中有且只有一个选项是正确的，选对得 5分，否则一律得零分. 13. “14<a ”是“一元二次方程20-+=x x a 有实数解”的（ A ）（A ）充分非必要条件（B ）充分必要条件（C ）必要非充分条件（D ）非充分非必要条件 14. 下列命题正确的是（ D ）（A ）如果两条直线垂直于同一条直线，那么这两条直线平行（B ）如果一条直线垂直于一个平面内的两条直线，那么这条直线垂直于这个平面（C ）如果一条直线平行于一个平面内的一条直线，那么这条直线平行于这个平面（D ）如果一个平面内的两条相交直线与另一个平面平行，那么这两个平面平行15. 将4位志愿者分配到进博会的3个不同场馆服务，每个场馆至少1人，不同的分配方案有（ B ）种.（A ）72 （B ）36 （（D ）81 16. 已知点()()1,2,2,0-A B ，P ⋅AP AB 的取值范围为（ A ）（A ）[]1,7 （B ）[]1,7- （C）1,3⎡+⎣ （D）1,3⎡-+⎣三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分76分）解答下列各题必须写出必要的步骤． 17．（本小题满分14分，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分已知直三棱柱ABC C B A -111中，︒=∠===9011BAC ,AA AC AB .（1）求异面直线B A 1与11C B 所成角；（2）求点1B 到平面BC A 1的距离．解：（1）在直三棱柱ABC C B A -111中，AB AA ⊥1，AC AA ⊥1,︒=∠===9011BAC ,AA AC AB所以，211===BC C A B A ．…………………………2分因为，11C B //BC ，所以，BC A 1∠为异面直线B A 1与11C B 所成的角或补角．……4分在BC A 1∆中，因为，211===BC C A B A ，所以，异面直线B A 1与11C B 所成角为3π．…………………………7分（2）设点1B 到平面BC A 1的距离为h ，由（1）得23322211=π⋅⨯⨯=∆sin S BC A ，…………………………9分 21112111=⨯⨯=∆B B A S ，…………………………11分因为，B B A C BC A B V V 1111--=，…………………………12分所以，CA S h S B B A BC A ⋅=⋅∆∆1113131，解得，33=h ．所以，点1B 到平面BC A 1的距离为33．…………………………14分或者用空间向量：（1）设异面直线B A 1与11C B 所成角为θ，如图建系，则()1011-=,,A ，()01111,,C B -=，…………4分A1C CB1B 1A因为，321221π=θ⇒=⋅-==θcos 所以，异面直线B A 1与11C B 所成角为3π．…………7分（2）设平面BC A 1的法向量为()w ,v ,u n =，则B A n ,BC n 1⊥⊥．又()011,,-=，()1011-=,,A ，……………9分所以，由⎩⎨⎧=-=+-⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⋅=⋅00001w u v u A ，得()111,,n =．…………12分所以，点1B 到平面BC A 1的距离33==d ．…………………………14分 18．（本小题满分14分，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分）已知函数2()cos 2sin f x x x x =-.（1）若角α的终边与单位圆交于点3455(,)P ，求()f α的值；（2）当[,]63ππ∈-x 时，求()f x 的单调递增区间和值域.解：（1）∵角α的终边与单位圆交于点3455(,)P ，∴43sin =,cos =55αα ……2分2243432()cos 2sin 2()55525αααα=-=⨯-⨯=f …4分（2）2()cos 2sin f x x x x =-2cos21x x =+- …………………6分2sin(2)16x π=+- …………………………8分由222262k x k πππππ-≤+≤+得，36k x k ππππ-≤≤+又[,]63x ππ∈-，所以()f x 的单调递增区间是[,]66x ππ∈-； ………………10分∵[,]63x ππ∈-，∴52666x πππ-≤+≤…………………………12分 ∴1sin(2)126x π-≤+≤，()f x 的值域是[2,1]-. ………………14分19．（本小题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）某游戏厂商对新出品的一款游戏设定了“防沉迷系统”，规则如下：①3小时以内（含3小时）为健康时间，玩家在这段时间内获得的累积经验值．．．．．E （单位：exp ）与游玩时间t （小时）满足关系式：22016E t t a =++；②3到5小时（含5小时）为疲劳时间，玩家在这段时间内获得的经验值为0（即累积经验．．．．值．不变）； ③超过5小时为不健康时间，累积经验值．．．．．开始损失，损失的经验值与不健康时间成正比例关系，比例系数为50.（1）当1a =时，写出累积经验值．．．．．E 与游玩时间t 的函数关系式()E f t =，并求出游玩6小时的累积经验值．．．．．；（2）该游戏厂商把累积经验值．．．．．E 与游玩时间t 的比值称为“玩家愉悦指数”，记作()H t ；若0a >，且该游戏厂商希望在健康时间内，这款游戏的“玩家愉悦指数”不低于24，求实数a的取值范围.解：（1）22016,03()85,3533550,5t t t E f t t t t ⎧++<≤⎪==<≤⎨⎪->⎩ （写对一段得1分，共3分）6t =时，(6)35E =    （6分）（2）03t <≤时，16()=20aH t t t++  （8分） 16()244≥⇒+≥aH t t t①0319[,]4164a ⎧<≤⎪⇒∈⎨⎪⎩     （10分） ②39(,)1616343a a⎧>⎪⇒∈+∞⎨+≥⎪⎩    （12分）综上，1[,)4a ∈+∞        （14分）20．（本小题满分16分，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分）已知双曲线Γ: 22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的左、右焦点分别是 1F 、2F ，左、右两顶点分别是 1A 、2A ，弦 AB 和CD 所在直线分别平行于x 轴与 y 轴，线段BA 的延长线与线段CD 相交于点 P （如图）．（1）若(2,3)d =是Γ的一条渐近线的一个方向向量，试求Γ的两渐近线的夹角θ；（2）若1PA =，5PB = ，2PC =，4PD =，试求双曲线Γ的方程；（3）在（．．1．）的条件下．．．．．，且124A A =，点C 与双曲线的顶点不重合，直线1CA 和直线2CA 与直线:1l x =分别相交于点M 和N ，试问：以线段MN 为直径的圆是否恒经过定点？若是，请求出定点的坐标；若不是，试说明理由．解：（1）双曲线22221x y a b-=的渐近线方程为：即0bx ay ±=，所以3b a =，…………2分从而3tan2θ=22tan 2tan 431tan2θθθ==-，所以arctan 3θ=………………………………………………..4分（2）设 (,)P P P x y ，则由条件知：11()()322P x PB PA PA PB PA =-+=+=，11()()122P y PC PD PC PD PC =+-=-=，即(3,1)P ．…………6分所以(2,1)A ，(3,3)C ，………………………………………………………..…………7分代入双曲线方程知：2751,2781199114222222==⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=-b a ba b a ……9分 127527822=-y x ………………………………………………………………….. 10分（3）因为124A A =，所以2a =，由（1）知，3b =Γ的方程为: 22143x y -=，令00(,)C x y ，所以2200143x y -=，010:(2)2y CA y x x =++，令1x =，所以003(1,)2y M x +， 020:(2)2y CA y x x =--，令1x =，所以00(1,2y N x --， …………12分故以MN 为直径的圆的方程为：200003(1)()()022y y x y y x x --+--=+-，即222000200033(1)()0224y y y x y y x x x -++--=-+-，即22000039(1)()0224y y x y y x x -++--=-+，…………………………………………….14分若以MN 为直径的圆恒经过定点),(y x于是⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=±=⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-+-=0231049)1(022y x y x y 所以圆过x 轴上两个定点5(,0)2和1(,0)2-……………………………………………16分21．（本题满分18分，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分）已知平面直角坐标系xOy ，在x 轴的正半轴上，依次取点123,,,n A A A A （*n N ∈），并在第一象限内的抛物线232y x =上依次取点123,,,,n B B B B （*n N ∈），使得1k k kA B A -∆*()k N ∈都为等边三角形，其中0A 为坐标原点，设第n 个三角形的边长为()f n .（1）求(1),(2)f f ，并猜想()f n （不要求证明）；（2）令9()8n a f n =-，记m t 为数列{}n a 中落在区间2(9,9)mm内的项的个数，设数列{}m t 的前m 项和为m S ，试问是否存在实数λ，使得2λ≤m S 对任意*m N ∈恒成立？若存在，求出λ的取值范围；若不存在，说明理由；（3）已知数列{}n b满足：11,2n b b +==数列{}n c 满足：111,n nc c +==求证：1()2n n n b f c π+<<.解：（1）(1)1f =，(2)2f =  （2分）猜想()f n n =  （2分）（2）98n a n =-  （5分）由21218899899999m mm m n n --<-<⇒+<<+112191,92,,9---∴=++⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅m m m n  （6分）21199m m m t --∴=-  （7分） 352211(91)(99)(99)(99)m m m S --∴=-+-+-+⋅⋅⋅+- 352121(9999)(1999)m m --=+++⋅⋅⋅+-+++⋅⋅⋅+22129(19)(19)91091191980m m m m +---⋅+=-=-- （9分） 2λ≤m S 对任意*m N ∈恒成立min 12()83λλ⇒≤==⇒≤m S S （10分）.（3）1sin,4b π=记1sin ,4n n b πθθ==，则1sin sin 2n n θθ+== *1()2n n n N πθ+⇒=∈  （12分） 1tan ,4c π=记1tan ,4n n c πϕϕ==，则1sec 1tan tan tan 2n n n n ϕϕϕϕ+-==*1()2n n n N πϕ+⇒=∈  （14分） 11sin,tan ,22n n n n b c ππ++∴==当(0,)2x π∈时，sin tan x x x <<可知： 1111sin()tan ,2222n n n n n n b f c ππππ++++=<=<=  （18分）杨浦区2018学年度第一学期高三年级模拟质量调研数学学科试卷 2018.12.18一、填空题（本大题有12题，满分54分，第1——6题每题4分，第7—12题每题5分） 1、设全集{}1,2,3,4,5U =，若集合{}3,4,5A =，则____u=2、已知扇形的半径为6，圆心角为3π，则扇形的面积为_____ 3、已知双曲线221x y -=，则其两条渐近线的夹角为_____ 4、若()na b +展开式的二项式系数之和为8，则____n = 5、若实数,x y 满足221x y +=，则xy 的取值范围是_____6、若圆锥的母线长()5l cm =，高()4h cm =，则这个圆锥的体积等于_______7、在无穷等比数列{}n a 中，()121lim ,2n n a a a →+∞+++=则1a 的取值范围是____8、若函数()1ln 1xf x x+=-的定义域为集合A ，集合(),1B a a =+，且B A ⊆,则实数a 的取值范围__9、在行列式274434651xx--中，第3行第2列的元素的代数余子式记作()f x ，则()1y f x =+的零点是____10、已知复数())12cos 2,cos z x f x i z x x i =+=++，（,x R i ∈虚数单位）在复平面上，设复数12,z z 对应的点分别为12,Z Z ，若1290Z OZ ∠=，其中是坐标原点，则函数()f x 的最小正周期______ 11、当0x a <<时，不等式()22112x a x +≥-恒成立，则实数a 的最大值为______ 12、设d 为等差数列{}n a 的公差，数列{}n b 的前项和n T ，满足()()112nn n n T b n N *+=-∈，且52d a b ==，若实数{}()23,3k k k m P x a x a k N k *-+∈=<<∈≥，则称m 具有性质k P ，若是n H 数列{}n T 的前n 项和，对任意的n N *∈，21n H -都具有性质k P ，则所有满足条件的k 的值为_____二、选题题（本题共有4题，满分20分，每题5分）13、下列函数中既是奇函数，又在区间[]1,1-上单调递减的是（）（A ）()arcsin f x x= （B ）lg y x= （C ）()f x x=-（D ）()cos f x x =14、某象棋俱乐部有队员5人，其中女队员2人，现随机选派2人参加一个象棋比赛，则选出的2人中恰有1人是女队员的概率为（）（A ）310 （B ） 35 （C ） 25 （D ）2315、已知()sin log ,0,2f x x θπθ⎛⎫=∈ ⎪⎝⎭，设sin cos sin ,,2sin cos a f b f c f θθθθθ+⎛⎫⎛⎫===⎪⎪+⎝⎭⎝⎭，则,,a b c 的大小关系是（A ）a b c ≤≤ （B ）b c a ≤≤ （C ）c b a ≤≤（D ）a b c ≤≤16、已知函数()22x f x m x nx =⋅++，记集合(){}0,A x f x x R ==∈，集合(){}0,B x f x x R ==∈，若A B =，且都不是空集，则m n +的取值范围是（）（ A ）[]0,4 （B ）[]1,4- （C ）[]3,5- （D ）[]0,7三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分76分） 17、（本题满分14分，第1题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）如图，,PA ABCD ⊥平面四边形ABCD 为矩形，1PA PB ==，2AD =，点F 是PB 的中点，点E 在边BC 上移动。

松江区2019年高三第一学期期末(一模)学科质量检测语文试题及答案【精品】

松江区2018~2019学年第一学期高三年级质量调研语文试卷（时间150分钟，满分150分）考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将自己的姓名、准考证号、所在学校及班级等填写清楚。

2．所有试题的答案必须全部涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，写在试卷上一律不给分。

答题时应注意试题题号和答题纸题号一一对应，不能错位。

一积累应用10分1．按要求填空。

（5分）（1）_________________，此心吾与白鸥盟。

（黄庭坚《登快阁》）（2）落花水香茅舍晚，_________________。

（马致远《[________]寿阳曲·远浦帆归》）（3）《师说》中写士大夫之族以地位官职为借口，拒绝从师学习的语句是________，__________。

2．按要求选择。

（5分）（1）下列选项中，语句使用不恰当的一项是（）（2分）A．小王学花样滑冰十年终获大奖，同伴称道：“宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来。

”B．小明被评为“孝心少年”，颁奖词中写道：“落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。

”C．新兵招募宣传文案中用“慷慨自古英雄色，甘洒热血写青春”来号召青年参军。

D．小马荣获“最佳辩手”，颁奖词中写道：“口若悬河，能言善辩”赞其出色辩才。

（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）（３分）汉文化所以不同于其他民族的文化，____________，____________，____________。

____________，孔子在塑造中国民族性格和文化—心理结构上的历史地位，已是一种难以否定的客观事实。

A．④①②③B．①②④③ C．②①④③ D．②③④①①不管是好是坏，是批判还是继承②中国人所以不同于外国人③中华艺术所以不同于其他艺术④其思想来由仍应追溯到先秦孔学二阅读70分(一) 阅读下文，完成第3－7题。

（16分）社会科学何以洞察人性熊易寒①既然社会科学是关于人的科学，那么对于人性的判断就是社会科学研究必须直面的根本性问题。

2019年上海市松江区一模试卷及详解(松江2019.1)

初三数学第1页共4页松江区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控初三数学（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟） 2019.01考生注意：1．本试卷含三个大题，共25题．答题时，考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答，在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效．2．除第一、二大题外，其余各题如无特别说明，都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤．一、选择题：（本大题共6题，每题4分，满分24分）【下列各题的四个选项中，有且只有一个选项是正确的，选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上】1．在Rt △ABC 中，∠C ＝90°，如果AC ＝4，BC=3，那么∠A 的正切值为（）（A ）43；（B ）34；（C ）53；（D ）54． 2．把抛物线2x y =向右平移1个单位后得到的抛物线是（）（A ）12+=x y ；（B ）12-=x y ；（C ）2)1(+=x y ；（D ）2)1(-=x y ．3．下列各组图形一定相似的是（）（A ）两个直角三角形；（B ）两个等边三角形；（C ）两个菱形；（D ）两个矩形． 4．如图，在△ABC 中，点D 、E 分别在边AB 、AC 上，如果AD =2，BD =3，那么由下列条件能判断DE ∥BC 的是（）（A ）32=BC DE ；（B ）52=BC DE ； C ）32=AC AE ；（D ）52=AC AE ．5．已知e →为单位向量，a r=-3e →，那么下列结论中错误．．的是（）（A ）a r ∥e →；（B ）3a =r ；（C ）a r 与e →方向相同；（D ）a r 与e →方向相反．6．如图，在△ABC 中，D 、E 分别在边AB 、AC 上，DE ∥BC ，EF ∥CD 交AB 于F ，那么下列比例式中正确的是（）（A ）BC DE DF AF = ；（B ）DF AFDB DF =；（C ）BC DE CD EF = ；（D ）ABADBD AF =．二、填空题：（本大题共12题，每题4分，满分48分）（第4题图） A DEBC （第6题图）F E D CA初三数学第2页共4页【请将结果直接填入答题纸的相应位置上】 7．已知34=b a ，那么bba -=_____． 8．在比例尺为1︰50000的地图上，量得甲、乙两地的距离为12厘米，则甲、乙两地的实际距离是___________千米.9．在Rt △ABC 中，∠C ＝90°，如果sinA =52，BC=4，那么AB=________． 10．已知线段AB =2cm ，点C 在线段AB 上，且AC 2=BC ·AB ，则AC 的长___________cm ． 11．已知某二次函数图像的最高点是坐标原点，请写出一个符合要求的函数解析式：_______． 12．如果点()14,A y -、()23,B y -是二次函数22+y x k =（k 是常数）图像上的两点，那么1y _______2y ．（填“>”、“<”或“=”）13．小明沿坡比为1︰3的山坡向上走了100米．那么他升高了______米．14．如图，已知直线a ∥b ∥c ，直线m 、n 与a 、b 、c 分别交于点A 、C 、E 和B 、D 、F ，如果AC ＝3，CE ＝5，DF ＝4，那么BD ＝_______．15．如图，已知△ABC ，D 、E 分别是边AB 、AC 上的点，且13AD AE AB AC ==．设AB a =u u u r r ，DE b =u u u r r，那么AC =u u u r ______________.（用向量、表示）16．如图，已知△ABC ，D 、E 分别是边BA 、CA 延长线上的点，且DE ∥BC ．如果35DE BC =,CE=4，那么AE 的长为_______． 17．如图，已知△ABC ，AB =6，AC =5，D 是边AB 的中点，E 是边AC上一点，∠ADE ＝∠C ，∠BAC 的平分线分别交DE 、BC 于点F 、G ，那么AFAG的值为_______． 18．如图，在直角坐标平面xoy 中，点A 坐标为（3，2），∠AOB ＝90°，∠OAB ＝30°，AB 与x 轴交于点C ，那么AC :BC 的值为______．三、解答题：（本大题共7题，满分78分）（第18题图）a b cA B CDE F m n（第14题图）（第17题图）GF E DCB A（第16题图）C BA D E A（第15题图）初三数学第3页共4页19．（本题满分10分）将二次函数2241y x x =+-的解析式化为()k m x a y ++=2的形式，并指出该函数图像的开口方向、顶点坐标和对称轴．20．（本题满分10分）如图，已知△ABC 中，AB =AC =5，cos A =53．求底边BC 的长．21．（本题满分10分）如图，在△ABC 中，D 、E 分别是边AB 、AC 上的点，DE ∥BC ，点F 在线段DE 上，过点F 作FG ∥AB 、FH ∥AC 分别交BC 于点G 、H ，如果BG ︰GH ︰HC =2︰4︰3．求FGHADES S ∆∆的值．22．（本题满分10分）某数学社团成员想利用所学的知识测量某广告牌的宽度（图中线段MN 的长），直线MN 垂直于地面，垂足为点P ．在地面A 处测得点M 的仰角为58°、点N 的仰角为45°，在B 处测得点M 的仰角为31°，AB=5米，且A 、B 、P 三点在一直线上．请根据以上数据求广告牌的宽MN 的长．（参考数据：sin580.85︒=，cos580.53︒=，tan58 1.60︒=，sin310.52︒=，cos310.86︒=，tan310.60︒=．）23.（本题满分12分，第（1）小题5分，第（2）小题7分）已知：如图，在梯形ABCD 中，AD ∥BC ，AB=DC ，E 是对角线AC 上一点，且AC ·CE=AD ·BC .（1）求证：∠DCA=∠EBC ；（2）延长BE 交AD 于F ，求证：AB 2=AF ·AD .24.（本题满分12分，第（1）小题3分，第（2）小题4分，第（3）小题5分）CBA（第20题图）（第22题图）AMN P广告牌（第23题图） EDCB A（第21题图）HG FEDBCA初三数学第4页共4页如图，抛物线c bx x y ++-=221经过点A （﹣2，0），点B （0，4）.（1）求这条抛物线的表达式；（2）P 是抛物线对称轴上的点，联结AB 、PB ，如果∠PBO=∠BAO ，求点P 的坐标；（3）将抛物线沿y 轴向下平移m 个单位，所得新抛物线与y 轴交于点D ，过点D 作DE ∥x 轴交新抛物线于点E ，射线EO 交新抛物线于点F ，如果EO =2OF ，求m 的值.25．（本题满分14分，第（1）小题4分，第（2）、（3）小题各5分）如图，已知△ABC 中，∠ACB =90°，D 是边AB 的中点，P 是边AC 上一动点，BP 与CD 相交于点E ．（1）如果BC =6，AC =8，且P 为AC 的中点，求线段BE 的长；（2）联结PD ，如果PD ⊥AB ，且CE =2，ED =3，求cosA 的值；（3）联结PD ，如果222BP CD =，且CE =2，ED =3，求线段PD 的长．（备用图2）ABCD（备用图1）ABCD（第25题图）ABPC D E(第24题图)初三数学第5页共4页松江区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷初三数学参考答案及评分说明一、选择题：1．A ； 2．D ； 3．B ； 4．D ； 5．C ； 6．C ．二、填空题： 7．31；8．6；9．10；10．15-；11．2x y -=等；12．>；13．50； 14．512；15．b a 3+；16．23；17．53；18．332．三、解答题：19．解：()1222-+=x x y ……………………………………………………（1分）()121222--++=x x y ………………………………………………………（1分） ()3122-+=x y …………………………………………………………………（3分）开口方向：向上……………………………………………………………………（1分）顶点坐标：（-1，-3）……………………………………………………………（2分）对称轴：直线1-=x ……………………………………………………………（2分）20．解：过点B 作BD ⊥AC ，垂足为点D ………………………………………（1分）在Rt △ABD 中，ABADA =cos …………………………………………………（2分） ∵53cos =A ，AB=5，∴AD=AB ·cos A =5×53=3……………………………（2分）∴BD=4……………………………………………………………………………（2分） ∵AC=5，∴DC=2…………………………………………………………………（1分） ∴BC=52………………………………………………………………………（2分） 21．解：∵DE ∥BC ，∴∠ADE =∠B …………………………………………（1分） ∵FG ∥AB ，∴∠FGH =∠B ………………………………………………………（1分）初三数学第6页共4页∴∠ADE =∠FGH …………………………………………………………………（1分）同理：∠AED =∠FHG ……………………………………………………………（1分） ∴△ADE ∽△FGH ………………………………………………………………（1分）∴2⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=∆∆GH DE S S FGH ADE ……………………………………………………………（1分） ∵DE ∥BC ，FG ∥AB ，∴DF =BG ………………………………………………（1分）同理：FE =HC ……………………………………………………………………（1分） ∵BG ︰GH ︰HC =2︰4︰3，∴设BG =2k ，GH =4k ，HC =3k∴DF =2k ，FE =3k ，∴DE =5k ……………………………………………………（1分）∴1625452=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=∆∆k k S S FGH ADE ……………………………………………………（1分）22．（1）在Rt △APN 中，∠NAP =45°，∴P A =PN ………………………………（1分）在Rt △APM 中，APMPMAP =∠tan ……………………………………………（2分）设P A =PN =x ，∵∠MAP =58°∴MAP AP MP ∠⋅=tan =1.6x …………………………………………………（1分）在Rt △BPM 中，BPMPMBP =∠tan ……………………………………………（2分） ∵∠MBP =31°，AB =5 ∴xx+=56.16.0……………………………………………………………………（2分） ∴ x =3………………………………………………………………………………（1分） ∴MN=MP-NP =0.6x =1.8（米）…………………………………………………（1分）答：广告牌的宽MN 的长为1.8米．23．证明：（1）∵AD ∥BC ，∴∠DAC=∠BCA ………………………………（1分） ∵AC ·CE=AD ·BC ，∴CEADBC AC =……………………………………………（2分） ∴△ACD ∽△CBE ………………………………………………………………（1分）∴初三数学第7页共4页∠DCA=∠EBC …………………………………………………………………（1分）（2）∵AD ∥BC ，∴∠AFB=∠EBC ……………………………………………（1分） ∵∠DCA=∠EBC ，∴∠AFB=∠DCA ……………………………………………（1分） ∵AD ∥BC ，AB=DC∴∠BAD=∠ADC ……………………………（2分） ∴△ABF ∽△DAC ………………（1分） ∴DCAFAD AB =………………………………（1分） ∵AB=DC ，∴AD AF AB ⋅=2…………（1分）24．解：（1）∵抛物线经过点A （﹣2，0），点B （0，4） ∴⎩⎨⎧==+--4022c c b …………（1分），解得14b c =⎧⎨=⎩………………………（1分）∴抛物线解析式为2142y x x =-++ …………………………………………（1分）（2）()2912142122+--=++-=x x x y …………………………………（1分）∴对称轴为直线x =1，过点P 作PG ⊥y 轴，垂足为G ∵∠PBO=∠BAO ，∴tan ∠PBO=tan ∠BAO ， ∴PG BO BG AO =……………………………………………（1分） ∴121BG =，∴12BG =…………………………………（1分）∴72OG =，∴P （1，27）………………………………（1分）（3）设新抛物线的表达式为2142y x x m =-++-…（1分）则()0,4D m -,()2,4E m -，DE =2……………………（1分）过点F 作FH ⊥y 轴，垂足为H ，∵DE ∥FH ，EO=2OF ∴2=1DE EO DO FH OF OH ==，∴FH=1……………………………………………（1分） ① 点D 在y 轴的正半轴上，则51,2F m ⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭，∴52OH m =- F（第23题图）EDCBA初三数学第8页共4页∴42512DO m OH m -==-，∴m=3……………………………………………………（1分）② 点D 在y 轴的负半轴上，则91,2F m ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，∴92OH m =-∴42912DO m OH m -==-，∴m=5……………………………………………………（1分）∴综上所述m 的值为3或5.25．解：（1）∵P 为AC 的中点，AC =8，∴CP =4……………………………（1分） ∵∠ACB =90°，BC =6，∴BP=1分） ∵D 是边AB 的中点，P 为AC 的中点，∴点E 是△ABC 的重心……………（1分）∴23BE BP ==1分）（2）过点B 作BF ∥CA 交CD 的延长线于点F ………………………………（1分） ∴CABFDC FD DA BD ==………………………………（1分） ∵BD=DA ，∴FD=DC ，BF=AC …………………（1分） ∵CE=2，ED=3，则CD =5，∴EF =8∴4182===EF CE BF CP …………………………（1分） ∴41=CA CP ，∴13CP PA =，设CP=k ，则P A=3k ，∵PD ⊥AB ，D 是边AB 的中点，∴P A=PB=3k∴k BC 22=，∴k AB 62=，∵k AC 4=，∴cos A =…………（1分）（3）∵∠ACB =90°，D 是边AB 的中点，∴12CD BD AB ==∵222BP CD =，∴22BP CD CD BD AB =⋅=⋅……………（1分） ∵∠PBD=∠ABP ，∴△PBD ∽△ABP …………………………（1分） ∴∠BPD=∠A ……………………………………………………（1分）（备用图2）ABCDPE PE （备用图1）AB C DF初三数学第9页共4页∵∠A=∠DCA ，∴∠DPE=∠DCP ，∵∠PDE=∠CDP ，△DPE ∽△DCP ，∴DC DE PD ⋅=2…………………………（1分）∵DE=3,DC=5，∴15=PD …………………………………………………（1分）。

2019年松江区高三一模试卷(附答案)

2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三语文（满分150分，完卷时间150分钟）一积累运用10分1.按要求填空。

（5分）（1）三山半落青天外，。

（李白《登金陵凤凰台》）（2）“，则知明而行无过矣”一句出自荀子的《》。

（3）王国维《人间词话》中评周邦彦词句“，”曰：“真能得荷之神理者，觉白石《念奴娇》《惜红衣》二词，犹有隔雾看花之恨”。

2.按要求选择。

（5分）（1）重阳节小明赏菊拍了很多照片，你提供一些句子给他，作为他照片的配诗，以下句子不适合提供的一项是（）。

（2分）A.尘世难逢开口笑，菊花须插满头归。

B.轻肌弱骨散幽葩，更将金蕊泛留下C.浅红淡白间深黄，簇簇新妆阵阵香。

D.蒂有余香金淡泊，枝无全叶翠离枝（2）填入下面空白处的词句，最恰当的一项是（）（3分）科学可以产生文明，文明可以产生缺陷，缺陷可以产生科学。

如果缩短些说：缺陷是科学的种子，科学是缺陷的化身。

因此，我们可以知道，因此，我们更可以知道。

A.缺陷的价值，科学的来源B.缺陷的作用，科学的价值C.科学的来源，缺陷的价值D.科学的价值，缺陷的作用二阅读 70分（一）阅读下文，完成第3-7题。

（15分）①与一般观念不同，数学，其实也是文化的一部分。

而且，数学和任何其他学科不同，数学是任何科学所不可或缺的。

没有任何一门科学能像它那样泽被天下，它是现代科学技术的语言和工具。

现代科学之所以成为现代科学，第一个决定性的步骤是使自己数学化。

②数学追求一种完全确定、完全可靠的知识。

在这本小书里可以看到许多被吸引到数学中来的人正是因为数学有这样的特点。

2018年上海市松江区高三英语一模卷和参考答案

2018年上海市松江区高三英语一模卷(满分140分,完卷时间120分钟)2017.12I.Listening ComprehensionSection A(10分)Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.At a concert.B.In a restaurant.C.In a flower shop.D.In a supermarket.2.A.15.B.50.C.85.D.100.3.A.Excited.B.Interested.C.Entertained.D.Disappointed.4.A.Because her boss will return her the money after seeing the receipt.B.Because her boss asks her to buy a lot of things.C.Because she wants to establish a standard procedure in her company.D.Because she wants to check everything she has bought.5.A.Go on with the chat.B.Review his lessons.C.Connect with his friends.D.Talk with his friends face to face.6.A.He is always in a good mood.B.He has spent more money than expected.C.He is good at playing the piano.D.He’s pleased with his purchase.7.A.Mr.White’s new appointment.B.Mr.White’s vacation.C.An important vacant position.D.How to apply for a job.8.A.Her shoes will be in stock next month.B.She is longing for the shoes that are currently unavailable.C.She is unwilling to wait for a long time.D.She ca n’t bear waiting.9.A.Policeman and car driver. B.Librarian and student.C.Doctor and patient.D.Post clerk and customer.10.A.John will deliver a presentation tomorrow about a new electronic device.B.The clients are very nervous about the quality of the new car.C.Tracy’s presentation is about a type of new electric car.D.Tracy is nervous because this electric car hasn’t received positive feedback before.Section B(15分)Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following news.11.A.Because man makes us of only20%of the brain’s capacity.B.Because the other80%of man’s brain will grow in due time.C.Because man’brain has grown larger over the past centuries.D.Because man will use his brain more and more as time goes on.12.A.He thinks and feels in different ways.B.He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C.He has no hair because it is no longer useful.D.His fingers grow weaker because he doesn’t use them.13.A.M an’s life will be different in the future.B.Future man will look different from us.C.Man is growing taller and uglier as time goes by.D.The fun ctions of man’s organs will function as well as today.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Reading magazine articles. B.Preparing book reports.C.Writing research papers.D.Selecting information sources.15.A.Gathering nonrelevant information. B.Stealing another person’s ideas.C.Sharing notes with someone else.D.Handing in assignments late.16.A.In the student’s own words.B.In direct quotations.C.In short phrases.D.In shorthand.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Checking the room. B.Arranging a large conference.C.Running a hotel.D.Handling a complaint.18.A.There is no lavatory paper.B.The toilet doesn’t flush properly.C.The water doesn’t run away in the shower.D.There is no pillow in the room.19.A.Busy. B.Unhappy. C.Excited. D.Hot.20.A.Adjust the regulator. B.fix the toilet and shower.C.Send the lavatory paper.D.Send a cake and fruit.II.Grammar and VocabularySection A(10分)Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.One of my(21)________(memorable)vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy,my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life.We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm,(22) ________(join)in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family.We got up early to see the cows as they(23)________(milk).I even tried my hand at milking one,and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different(24)________my own.It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day,I wonder(25)________that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own.There is never a day when the animals don’t need to be fed.But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids.Vacations are a time for resting and connecting.As a bank manager,I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money.One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year.In our busy lives,family is what we(26)________be saving our money and time for.For my family,our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip.We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time.Among the things we discuss:Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel?Would it be better(27) ________(buy)groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28)________(involve)the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they havea great vacation too.I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim.So I build in some relaxation time for us all(29)________________the vacation can work for everyone.Each year,setting aside vacation time to spend together is especiallyimportant to us.This is th e one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes.(30)________matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Each year,setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is th e one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes.(30)________matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Section B(10分)Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.The human face is a remarkable piece of work.The astonishing variety of facial31 helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies.So is the face’s ability to send emotional32,whether through a(n)33blush or a false smile.People spend much of their waking lives,in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom,reading faces,for signs of attraction,hostility and trust.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces.In America facial recognition is used by churches to34worshippers’attendance;in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters.This year Welsh police used it to arrest a(n)35 outside a football game.In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing drivers,36 tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile.Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to37the homescreen.Set against human skills,such applications might seem gradual.Some breakthroughs,such as flight or the Internet,obviously transform human abilities;facial recognition seems merely to encode them.Although faces are38to individuals, they are also public,so technology does not,at first sight,intrude on something that is private.And yet the ability to record,39and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast40promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy,fairness and trust.III.Reading ComprehensionSection A(15分)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of“a good cup of coffee”.For Starbucks,the brand had three elements:coffee41and stores.Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans42that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality.Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and 43service.Store design,atmosphere and aroma(浓香)all44the“Starbucks Experience”.Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled.Starbucks prided itself on the―Starbucks Experience‖,45coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.46those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee.You get great people,first-rate music,a comfortable and upbeat meeting place,and47advice on brewing excellent coffee at home.At home you’re part of a family.At work you’re part of a company.And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself.That’s what a Starbucks store has been48to creating for its customers—a kind of―third place‖where they can49,reflect,read,chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea.It was designed by Terry Heckler,who got the50from the wooden statue of the sea.Mermaid logo also51original and modern meanings:her face is very simple,but with modern abstract forms of packaging;the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of52:the visual warmth,hearing the way,smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think,through the huge glass windows,watching the crowded streets,53 sipping a coffee flavor,which is in line with the―Yapi‖,the feeling of experience in the54life.But the55of Starbuc ks is not about the coffee,although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier.Coffee consumption,to a great extent,is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.41.A.people B.managers C.customers D.clients42.A.assured B.promised C.ensured D.predicted43.A.emergency B.environment C.employment D.customer44.A.consisted of B.benefited from C.contributed to D.headed for45.A.going beyond ing across C.making up D.depending on46.A.With regard to B.In addition to pared with D.In terms of47.A.general B.reasonable C.legal D.fascinatingmitted B.alerted C.subjected D.required49.A.negotiate B.perform C.conceal D.escape50.A.imagination B.inspiration C.patent D.philosophy51.A.creates B.cultivates C.credits D.conveys52.A.brand B.logo C.possession D.experience53.A.greedily B.gently C.persistently D.indifferently54.A.busy B.easy C.miserable D.energetic55.A.product B.vision C.essence D.importanceSection B(22分)Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Men are as likely as women to suffer from postnatal(产后的)depression,a study shows.One in ten fathers—the same ratios as mothers—are found to suffer before or after birth.By the time their child reaches12weeks,as many as one in four are feeling down.The symptoms observed in the American study are not thought to be hormonal—as they are in women—and are instead probably a response to the pressures of fatherhood. These include the expense of having children,changed relationship with partners and fear of paternal(父亲的)responsibility.In the early weeks,the lack of sleep and extra domestic chores also take the toll.The study put the overall rate of depression among new fathers at10.4percent—double the estimated4.8percent for all men in any12-month period.Around8percent were affected in the12weeks before and after birth,according to the Eastern Virginia Medical School Research.The study found parents were more likely to be down if their partner was too.It is estimated that around one in ten women suffers postnatal depression,even if they have never had mental health problems.Without treatment the condition can last for months.Although most women have a few days of―Baby Blues‖shortly after birth, postnatal depression can kick in up to six months later.Experts say that paternal depression is serious because it can have―substantial emotional,behavioural and developmental‖effects on children.56.The―Baby Blues‖effect among fathers may be caused by the following except __________.A.domestic choresB.fatherhood pressureC.paternal responsibilityD.hormone imbalance57.What does the underlined phrase“take the toll”in paragraph2mean?A.Cost a lot of money.B.Take the lead.C.Have a bad effect.D.Have no links.58.Which could be the best title for the passage?A.Therapy for DepressionB.Father Getting Baby BluesC.Effects of Father BluesD.Postnatal Recovery59.Which way is most suitable for Mary,who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore?A.Night Safari.B.DUCK.C.City Sightseeing.D.Flyer.60.If David and his9-year-old son are both animal lovers,they had better dial___________formore information before their tour.A.6338-6877B.6338-6859C.6338-3311D.6338-682661.Mr.Smith is going to take his wife,his13-year-old daughter and his1-year-old son to visitSingapore at their own leisurely pace,he should get at least___________ready.A.$89B.$99C.$91D.$10162.Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above?cation Commission.B.Health Department.C.Transportation Bureau.D.Tourism Bureau.(C)Antibiotics,vaccines,organ transplant and HIV/AIDS treatments are all medical milestones that have indisputably made life better and saved millions of lives.But all these advances and countless others were developed using animals.The latest eye shadow and other cosmetics and industrial chemicals are also developed with animal testing.The lab animal issue has received attention in China in recent years as more people are concerned about animals’rights.China has no animal welfare laws prohibiting cruelty to animals,but there are standards(1986and2006)for humane treatment of lab animals, though these are difficult to enforce.World Day for Laboratory Animals was established in1979by the British National Anti-Vivisection Society,memorializing millions of animals that contributed to pure science,medicine,industry,fashion and the cosmetics industry.It’s also a day of action to protest the use of live animals for experiments from lab rats and dogs to cattle and primates(灵长类动物).Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals,though there are few effective alternatives.The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that100million vertebrates(脊椎动物)are used in experiments every year,10to11million in the European Union.This doesn’t include mice,rats,frogs and animals not yet weaned.There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research.Some date indicate around16million vertebrates were used in2006.Three Rs principle Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals,though there are few effective alternatives.The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that100million vertebrates(脊椎动物)are used in experiments every year,10to11million in the European Union.This doesn’t include mice,rats,frogs and animals not yet weaned.There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research.Some date indicate around16million vertebrates were used in2006.Three Rs principleThe three Rs are principles for lab animal welfare proposed by microbiologist RL Burch and zo ologist W.M.S.Russel in1959.They are―reduction,refinement and replacement‖and scientists are encouraged to follow them.*Reduce the number of animals by improving experimental techniques and increasing information sharing among researchers.*Refine experiments and treatment to reduce suffering;use less invasive techniques, improve care and living conditions.*Replace experiments on live animals with alternative testing where possible.―But the three Rs suggests general acquiescence(默许)in animal experimentation,‖says astatement by Animal Rights in Chine(ARC),set up in2006by over3000campaigners who have been urging the use of alternatives.The alternatives activists advocate include using cell cultures instead of whole animals,using phototoxicity tests on chemicals to predict their effects on humans,using computer models,studying human volunteers and working on isolated tissues.These approaches can be useful but they can’t provide the answers that animal research can.―Animal experiment ation is a basic,very important method in life science study and biomedical research and in some specific fields,so it is irreplaceable,‖says Yang Fei, deputy director of the Animal Experimentation Department of Fudan University.Yang has worked on regulating and standardizing animal testing for over15years.He says testing on primates is still necessary because their immune system is very similar to that of humans.They are needed to develop drugs for malaria,HIV/AIDS and infections such as SARS,he says,though admitting the approach is not perfect.63.According to the passage,___________may not be related to animal testing.A.Cough mixturesB.Genetically modified riceC.Dior LipsticksD.Artificial livers64.World Day for Laboratory animals was set up for the following reasons except ___________.A.to call for better experimental techniques to reduce sufferingsB.to memorialize the animals sacrificed in the labsC.to raise awareness of animal rightD.to offer the activists a chance to raise their objections to the use of animals’forexperiments65.Why W.M.S Russel advocated researchers to share more information?A.Because researchers can better cooperate with each other to eliminate animal testing.B.Because researchers can turn to alternatives to replace animal testing.C.Because researchers can avoid repeating similar testing on animals.D.Because researchers can make the animal testing more effective.66.___________is the biggest obstacle to cancelling animal testing.ck of enough fundck of human awarenessck of supportive statisticsck of effective alternativesSection C(8分)Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Overnight,eating fried chicken in the People’s Square is OUT;instead,people started to drink HEEKCAA and eat Bao Master.This year,the qu eues in front of the doors of―Wanghong delicacies‖were so dense that a cup of tea has been hyped to over80 Yuan by scalpers(黄牛)and local bloggers even customized a one-day tour to eat in Shanghai.To a great extent,W anghong phenomenon depends on merchants’business strategy.______67______.Business also works on publicity.Before HEEKCAA’s arrival in Shanghai,it has advertised through microblog,local life service and other self-media, which has generated a certain amount of heat among the public.Once people make the purchase,the―sense of accomplishment‖will urge some of them to show off at their Wechat moments,which is good for brand image.Also,when a product is quickly recognized by consumers,capitals will come in great numbers.The boost of capitals undoubtedly helps the subsequent publicity of the brand.______68______.In the Internet era,the spread of information is so fast that it doesn’t matter whether the tea tastes good or bad;it’s just a matter of whether you ever drink it.There is a word for this behavior—―fomo‖,which means fear of missing out. Oxford University professor said this is not new.As social animals,humans have a strong desire to be part of a group,to be accepted,recognized,valued and remembered.A little baby cries for a hug and a child makes small trouble to get noticed.These behaviors are, in the eyes of sociologists,anxious for existence.It’s just that social media today that make it easier for people to perceive other pe ople’s lives,and have a sense of loss not to join them when they know what others are doing.10-20Yuan is the exchange value of milk tea,but it’s the symbol va lue of the goods that encourages people to―pull the grass‖.Just like the lipstick,mailbox a nd graffiti wall that have been on the list of Wanghong,people want to use relatively controllable spending to gain satisfaction from a moments’thumb up.______69______.With the development of society,consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life,so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable.However,―Wanghong economy‖is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection.Consumers who co me by―physical attractiveness‖will quickly vanis h if there is no implicit value or connotation to support.______70______. Besides,consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.With the development of society,consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life,so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable. However,―Wanghong economy‖is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection.Consumers who co me by―physical attractiveness‖will quickly vanis h if there is no implicit value or connotation to support.______70______.Besides, consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.IV.Summary Writing(10分)Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty,poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins,do you hurry on,not knowing what to do,or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money?What should our attitude to beggars be?There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories.It must be terrible to have noidea where our next meal is going to come from.It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.Certainly,most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves.But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days,when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help,is no longer the best idea.Quite a few people will not give to beggars.Let us look at their arguments.First,some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging.Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil.Secondly,there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer,wine or drugs.Thirdly,there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging.One might be poor,but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people.Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion;there are various cases and we must deal with them differently.A few coins can save a life in some situations,and even if the money is wasted,that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.V.Translation(15分)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.我们在国外旅游时,应当遵循当地的风俗。

上海市松江区2019年高三第一学期期末(一模)学科质量检测物理试题及答案(word版)

松江区2018-2019学年等级考第一次模拟考试试卷物理考生注意：1．试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

试卷包括三部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为填空题，第三部分为综合题。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写学校、姓名、考场号和座位号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。

第一部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，第二、三部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。

一、单项选择题（共40分，1至8题每小题3分，9至12题每小题4分。

每小题只有一个正确选项）1. 为研究自由落体运动，将落体实验转化为斜面实验的科学家是( )A. 牛顿B. 亚里士多德C. 伽利略D. 惠更斯2.“N/(A·m)”是下列哪个物理量単位的符号( )A. 磁感应强度B. 电场强度C. 磁通量D. 静电力常量3.“质点”、“匀速直线运动”等概念建立所用研究方法是( )A. 控制变量法B. 等效替代法C. 极限法D. 物理模型法4. 物体在温度升高过程中( )A. 物体机械能一定増大B. 分子的动能都増大C. 分子的势能一定増大D. 分子平均动能増大5. 如图，将一正电荷沿电场线从A点移到B点，电荷电势能增大。

若A、B两点的场强大小分别为E A、E B。

电势分別为φA、φB，则可以推断一定有( )A.φA<φBB. φA>φBC. E A>E BD. E A<E B6. 如图甲，两列振幅和波长相同而传播方向相反的波，在相遇的某一时刻（如图乙），两列波“消失”。

此时介质中M、N两质点的运动方向是( )A. M、N都静止B. M、N都向上C. M向下，N向上D. M向上，N向下7. 关于单摆做简谐振动，下列说法正确的是( )A. 摆球做匀速圆周运动B. 摆动到最低点时加速度为零C. 速度变化的周期等于振动周期D. 振动的频率与振幅有关8. 一定质量的理想气体，状态发生变化，其P- 1/V图像如图示。

上海市松江区2019届高三上学期期末(一模)学科质量检测化学试题含详解

2019年5月松江区2018~2019学年第一学期高三年级质量调研化学试卷相对原子质量: H-1 C-12 N-14 0-16 Na-23 C1-35.5 Al-27 Ba-137一、选择题(本题共40分,每题2分,每小题只有一个正确答案)1.下列过程属于物理变化的是A. 干馏B. 分馏C. 裂化D. 裂解【答案】B【详解】A.煤的干馏可以得到煤焦油、粗苯、煤气等产物，属于化学变化，A项不符合题意；B.分馏是利用组分沸点的不同，进行分离的操作，属于物理过程，B项符合题意；C.石油裂化得到轻质油，重油中的烷烃在高温的条件下发生断链，得到轻质油，属于化学变化；C项不符合题意；D.石油裂解得到乙烯、丁二烯等化工原料，是化学变化，D项不符合题意。

本题答案选B。

2.属于硝态氨肥的是A. CO(NH2)2B. NH4ClC. KNO3D. NH3·H2O 【答案】C【详解】A. CO(NH2)2为尿素，不是铵态氮肥，也不是硝态氮肥，而是有机氮肥，A项不符合要求；B. NH4Cl为铵态氮肥，B项不符合要求；C. KNO3为硝态氮肥，C项符合要求；D. NH3·H2O一水合氨，D项不符合要求；本题答案选C。

3.海水中含量最高的非金属元素是A. OB. ClC. BrD. I【答案】A【详解】海水中绝大部分为水，水中含有H和O两种元素，按含量，最高的是O，A项正确；本题答案选A。

4.下列物质熔化时只克服分子间作用力的是A. 钢铁B. 冰C. 水晶D. 食盐【答案】B【详解】熔化时只克服分子间作用力的通常为分子晶体。

A. 钢铁，为金属晶体，熔化时破坏金属键，A项不符合题意；B. 冰，为分子晶体，熔化时破坏分子间作用力，B项符合题意；C.水晶，二氧化硅，为原子晶体，熔化时破坏共价键，C项不符合题意；D.食盐，离子晶体，熔化时破坏离子键，D项不符合题意本题答案选B。

5.下列化学用语表示不正确的是A. 碳原子的结构示意图：B. CO2分子的电子式：C. 碳原子核外电子排布的轨道表达式：D. CO2分子的比例模型：【答案】B碳原子的核电荷数为6，核外电子排布结构示意图为，A正确；CO2是共价化合物,分子中含有两个碳氧双键,其的电子式为, B错误；碳原子核电荷数为6，核外电子排布 1s22s22p2, 核外电子排布的轨道表达式：，C正确；CO2分子为共价化合物，分子为直线型，且碳原子半径大于氧原子半径，其比例模型为，D正确；正确选项B。

2018松江区高考数学一模试卷

上海市松江区2018届高三一模数学试卷2017.12一. 填空题（本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分） 1. 计算：2lim31n nn →∞=-2. 已知集合{|03}A x x =<<，2{|4}B x x =≥，则A B =3. 已知{}n a 为等差数列，n S 为其前n 项和，若1918a a +=，47a =，则10S =4. 已知函数2()log ()f x x a =+的反函数为1()y f x -=，且1(2)1f -=，则实数a =5. 已知角α的终边与单位圆221x y +=交于点01(,)2P y ，则cos2α=6. 图为一个算法的程序框图，当输入值x 为8时，则其输出的结果是7. 函数sin 2y x =的图像与cos y x =的图像在区间[0,2]π 上交点的个数是8. 若直线30ax y -+=与圆22(1)(2)4x y -+-=相交于A 、B 两点，且23AB =，则a =9. 在ABC ∆中，90A ∠=︒，ABC ∆的面积为1，若BM MC =，4BN NC =，则AM AN ⋅ 的最小值为10. 已知函数()|2|1f x x x a =--有三个零点，则实数a 的取值范围为 11. 定义(,)a a bF a b b a b ≤⎧=⎨>⎩，已知函数()f x 、()g x 的定义域都是R ，则下列四个命题中为真命题的是（写出所有真命题的序号）① 若()f x 、()g x 都是奇函数，则函数((),())F f x g x 为奇函数； ② 若()f x 、()g x 都是偶函数，则函数((),())F f x g x 为偶函数； ③ 若()f x 、()g x 都是增函数，则函数((),())F f x g x 为增函数； ④ 若()f x 、()g x 都是减函数，则函数((),())F f x g x 为减函数；12. 已知数列{}n a 的通项公式为2n n a q q =+（0q <，*n N ∈），若对任意*,m n N ∈都有1(,6)6m n a a ∈，则实数q 的取值范围为二. 选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分）13. 若2i -是关于x 的方程20x px q ++=的一个根（其中i 为虚数单位，,p q R ∈），则q 的值为（）A. 5-B. 5C. 3-D. 314. 已知()f x 是R 上的偶函数，则“120x x +=”是“12()()0f x f x -=”的（） A. 充分而不必要条件 B. 必要而不充分条件 C. 充分必要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件15. 若存在[0,)x ∈+∞使221xxm x<成立，则实数m 的取值范围是（） A. (,1)-∞ B. (1,)-+∞ C. (,1]-∞- D. [1,)+∞16. 已知曲线1:||2C y x -=与曲线222:4C x y λ+=恰好有两个不同的公共点，则实数λ的取值范围是（）A. (,1][0,1)-∞-B. (1,1]-C. [1,1)-D. [1,0](1,)-+∞三. 解答题（本大题共5题，共14+14+14+16+18=76分）17. 在ABC ∆中，6AB =，AC =，18AB AC ⋅=-. （1）求BC 边的长；（2）求ABC ∆的面积.18. 已知函数()|1|af x x=-（0x ≠，常数a R ∈）. （1）讨论函数()f x 的奇偶性，并说明理由；（2）当0a >时，研究函数()f x 在(0,)x ∈+∞内的单调性.19. 松江有轨电车项目正在如火如荼的进行中，通车后将给市民出行带来便利，已知某条线路通车后，电车的发车时间间隔t （单位：分钟）满足220t ≤≤，经市场调研测算，电车载客量与发车时间间隔t 相关，当1020t ≤≤时电车为满载状态，载客量为400人，当210t ≤<时，载客量会减少，减少的人数与(10)t -的平方成正比，且发车时间间隔为2分钟时的载客量为272人，记电车载客量为()p t .（1）求()p t 的表达式，并求当发车时间间隔为6分钟时，电车的载客量；（2）若该线路每分钟的净收益为6()150060p t Q t-=-（元），问当发车时间间隔为多少时，该线路每分钟的净收益最大？20. 已知椭圆2222:1x y E a b +=（0a b >>）经过点3(1,)2，其左焦点为(3,0)F -，过F 点的直线l 交椭圆于A 、B 两点，交y 轴的正半轴于点M .（1）求椭圆E 的方程；（2）过点F 且与l 垂直的直线交椭圆于C 、D 两点，若四边形ACBD 的面积为43，求直线l 的方程；（3）设1MA AF λ=，2MB BF λ=，求证：12λλ+为定值.21. 已知有穷数列{}n a 共有m 项（2m ≥，*m N ∈），且1||n n a a n +-=（11n m ≤≤-，*n N ∈）.（1）若5m =，11a =，53a =，试写出一个满足条件的数列{}n a ；（2）若64m =，1=2a ，求证：数列{}n a 为递增数列的充要条件是642018a =；（3）若10a =，则m a 所有可能的取值共有多少个？请说明理由.参考答案一. 填空题1. 232. [2,3)3. 1004. 35. 12- 6. 2 7. 48. 0 9. 45 10. a > 11. ②③④ 12. 1(,0)4-二. 选择题13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C三. 解答题17．解：（1）由cos 18AB AC AB AC A ⋅=⋅⋅=-，且6,AB AC == ………2分BC ===………6分（2）在ABC ∆中，6,AB AC ==BC =222cos 2AB AC BC A AB AC +-===⋅⋅ ………10分sin 2A == ……… ……… ……… ………12分所以11sin 69222ABC S AB AC A ∆=⋅⋅=⋅⋅=……… ……… ………14分18．解：（1）当0=a 时，()1(0)f x x =≠，对任意(0)(0)x ∈-∞+∞，，，()1()f x f x -==， )(x f ∴为偶函数．………3分当0≠a 时，()0f a =，()2f a -= ……… ……… ………………4分 ()(),()()f a f a f a f a ∴-≠-≠- ……… ……… …………………5分∴ 函数)(x f 既不是奇函数，也不是偶函数． ……… ……… ……………6分（2）0a >时，()f x 在(0,)x a ∈内单调递减，在[,)x a ∈+∞内单调递增．……8分此时，当(0,)x a ∈时，0x a << ，()1af x x=- ……… ……… ………10分由()ag x x=单调递减知()f x 单调递减 ……… ……… …………………11分当[,)x a ∈+∞时，0a x << ，()1af x x=- ……… ……… ……………13分由()ag x x=- 单调递增知()f x 单调递增 ……… ……… …………………14分19. 解：（1）由题意知2400(10)210()4001020k t t p t t ⎧--≤<=⎨≤≤⎩（k 为常数）………2分∵ 2(2)400(102)272p k =--= ∴2k = ……… ………4分∴ 24002(10)210()4001020t t p t t ⎧--≤<=⎨≤≤⎩………5分 ∴2(6)4002(106)368p =--=（人） ………7分（2）由6()150060p t Q t -=-可得21(12180300)2101(60900)1020t t t t Q t t t⎧-+-≤<⎪⎪=⎨⎪-+≤<⎪⎩ ………9分当210t ≤<时，300180(12)18060Q t t=-+≤-=，当且仅当5t =时等号成立 ………11分当1020t ≤≤时，90060609030Q t=-+≤-+=，当10t =时等号成立 ………13分 ∴当发车时间间隔5t =分钟时，该线路每分钟的净收益最大，最大值为60元.………14分20. 解：（1）由题意得222231413a b a b ⎧⎪⎪+=⎨⎪-=⎪⎩ (2)解得2241a b ⎧=⎨=⎩ ………3分 ∴椭圆E 的方程为 2214x y += ………4 设直线l ：(y k x =+, 112(,),(A x y B x 由2244(x y y k x ⎧+=⎪⎨=+⎪⎩ 消去y 得2222(14)1240k x x k +++-=， ………6分则212214x x k +=-+，212212414k x x k -⋅=+，……（*） ………8分（2）224(1)14k AB k +==+ 同理224(1)1k CD k+=+……10分 ∴222218(1)42(4)(14)3k S AB CD k k +=⋅==++ ∴422520k k -+=解得22k =或212k =∴k =k = 因为0k >,所以k =2k = ∴直线AB的方程为0x -+=0y -+= ………12分（3）1MA AF λ=，得111()x x λ=-，222()x x λ=∴1λ=，2λ=………14分128λλ+=-==-.………16分21．解：（1）1,2,4,7,3和1,0,2,1,3-； ………4分（2）证明：必要性若{}n a 为递增数列，由题意可得 ………5分211a a -= 322a a -= … 646363a a -=于是得到641(163)6320162a a +⨯-==，因为12a =，所以642018a =； ………7分充分性由题意*1,163,n n a a n n n N +-=≤≤∈，所以211a a -≤ 322a a -≤ (646363)a a -≤………8分因此6412016a a -≤，即642018a ≤，又因为642018a =，所以*1,163,n n a a n n n N +-=≤≤∈，因此{}n a 是递增数列；综上：结论得证； ………10分（3）解：由题意得211a a -=±，322a a -=±，，1(1)m m a a m --=±-，假设1231m m a b b b b -=++++，其中{}*,,(,11)i b i i i N i m ∈-∈≤≤-，显然，max (1)()12(1)2m m m a m -=+++-=， min (1)()12(1)2m m m a m -=-----=-………12分若 m a 中有k 项123,,,,k s s s s b b b b 取负值，则有123max ()2()k m m s s s s a a b b b b =-++++ ………(*)因此，m a 的所有可能值与max ()m a 的差必为偶数 ………14分下面用数学归纳法证明m a 可以取到(1)2m m --与(1)2m m -之间相差2的所有整数，由(*)知，只需证明从1,2,3,,1m -中任取一项或若干项相加，可以得到从1到(1)2m m -的所有整数值即可当2m =时，显然成立，①当3m =时，从1,2中任取一项或两项相加，可以得到从1,2,3，结论成立，………15分 ②假设*(3,)m k k k N =≥∈时，结论成立，即从1,2,3,,1k -中任取一项或若干项相加，可以得到从1到(1)2k k -的所有整数值，则当1m k =+时，由假设，从1,2,3,,1k -中任取一项或若干项相加，可以得到从1到(1)2k k -的所有整数值，用k 取代1,2,3,,1k -中的1k -，可得(1)12k k -+，用k 取代1,2,3,,1k -中的2k -，可得(1)22k k -+，…用k 取代1,2,3,,1k -中的1，可得2(1)2(1)(1)1222k k k k k k k -+-++-==-，将1,2,3,,1,k k -全部相加，可得(1)2k k +，故命题成立………17分因此，m a 可取的值共有1(1)(1){[]}1222m m m m ----+=222m m -+ 个………18分。

上海松江2019高考一模测试-物理

上海松江2019高考一模测试-物理高三物理〔总分值150分，完卷时间120分钟〕2018.1考生注意：1、本卷的答案及解题过程都写在答题纸相应的位置上。

2、本卷g 一律取10m/s 2。

3、第30、31、32、33题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。

只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分。

有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。

第一卷〔共56分〕本卷分单项选择题和多项选择题，共20小题，单项选择题每题给出的四个答案中只有一个是正确的，选对得2分或3分；多项选择题每题给出的四个答案中，有二个或三个是正确的，选对得4分；选对但不全，得部分分；有选错或不答的，得0分。

（一）单项选择题每题2分，共16分1、关于力学单位制，以下说法正确的选项是〔〕A 、千克、米/秒、牛顿是导出单位B 、千克、米、牛顿是基本单位C 、在国际单位制中，质量的单位是g ，也可以是kgD 、只有在国际单位制中，牛顿第二定律的表达式才是F ＝ma2、用比值法定义物理量是物理学中一种常用的方法，下面表达式中不属于用比值法定义的是()A 、感应电动势t E ∆∆=φB 、磁感应强度B ＝IL FC 、功率t W p =D 、电阻R =IU 3、以下关于分子运动的说法正确的选项是〔〕A 、温度升高，物体的每一个分子的动能都增大B 、气体的压强是由气体分子间的吸引和排斥产生的C 、当两个分子间的距离为r 0(平衡位置)时，分子力为零，分子势能最小D 、温度越高，布朗运动越剧烈，所以布朗运动也叫做热运动4、景颇族的祖先发明的点火器如下图，用牛角做套筒，木质推杆前端粘着艾绒，猛推推杆，可点燃艾绒。

当筒内封闭的气体被推杆压缩过程中〔〕A 、气体温度升高，压强不变B 、气体温度升高，压强变大C 、气体对外界做正功，气体内能增加D 、外界对气体做正功，气体内能减少5、关于伽利略对物理问题的研究，以下说法中正确的选项是〔〕A 、伽利略认为在同一地点重的物体和轻的物体下落快慢不同B 、只要条件合适理想斜面实验就能做成功C 、理想斜面实验虽然是想象中的实验，但它是建立在可靠的事实基础上的D 、伽利略猜想自由落体的运动速度与下落时间成正比，并直接用实验进行了验证6、关于物理学家和他们的贡献，以下说法中正确的选项是〔〕A 、奥斯特发现了电流的磁效应，并发现了电磁感应现象B 、库仑提出了库仑定律，并最早用实验测得元电荷e 的数值C 、牛顿发现万有引力定律，并通过实验测出了引力常量D 、法拉第发现了电磁感应现象，并制作了世界上第一台发电机7、如图为三个门电路符号，A 输入端全为“1”，B 输入端全为“0”，那么〔〕A 、乙为“或”门，输出为“1”B 、乙为“与”门，输出为“0”C 、甲为“非”门，输出为“1”D 、丙为“与”门，输出为“1”８、关于干涉和衍射，正确的说法是〔〕A 、有的波能发生干涉现象，有的波能发生衍射现象B 、产生干涉现象的必要条件之一，就是两列波的频率相等C 、波具有衍射特性的条件，是障碍物的尺寸与波长比较相差不多或小得多D 、在干涉图样中，振动加强区域的质点，其位移始终保持最大；振动减弱区域的质点，其位移始终保持最小（二）单项选择题.每题3分，共24分9、一个匝数为n 、面积为S 的闭合线圈置于水平面上，假设线圈内的磁感应强度在时间t 内由竖直向下从B 1减少到零，再反向增加到B 2，那么线圈内的磁通量的变化量ΔΦ为()A 、n (B 2－B 1)S B 、n (B 2＋B 1)SC 、(B 2－B 1)SD 、(B 2＋B 1)S10、如果两个共点力之间的夹角保持不变，当其中一个力增大时，这两个力的合力F 的大小〔〕A 、可以不变B 、一定增大C 、一定减小D 、以上说法都不对11、如下图，ＰＱ是固定的水平导轨，两端有两个小定滑轮，物体Ａ、Ｂ用轻绳连结，绕过定滑轮，不计滑轮的摩擦，系统处于静止时，α=37°，β＝53°，假设Ｂ重10N ，A 重20N ，A 与水平导轨间摩擦因数μ＝0.2，那么A 受的摩擦力〔〕 A 、大小为4N ，方向向左B 、大小为4N ，方向向右C 、大小为2N ，方向向左D 、大小为2N 12、一根粗细均匀的绳子，右侧固定，使左侧的S 点上下振动，产生一列向右传播的机械波，某时刻的波形如下图。

上海市松江区2019届高三英语一模含答案

松江区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2018.12 考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写考试号和姓名。

3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A bus. B. A computer. C. A telescope. D. An elevator.2. A. Salesman and customer. B. Boss and secretary.C. Husband and wife.D. Interviewer and interviewee.3. A. Stamp collecting. B. Reading. C. Painting. D. Photography.4. A. He lost a button at work.B. He thinks he damaged the woman’s calculator.C. He doesn’t know where he put the calculator.D. He’s not sure how to solve a maths problem.5. A. At 6:45. B. At 7:15. C. At 7:45. D. At 8:15.6. A. Borrow the books from the woman. B. Go to buy the books in the shop.C. Go to his grandpa for some books.D. Search for the books on the Internet.7. A. Buying chairs. B. Preparing for a party.C. Arranging the place for a contest.D. Taking part in a contest.8. A. She works in a very nice restaurant.B. The restaurant food made her ill.C. Her job involves a lot of business dinners.D. She feels tired when preparing meals at home.9. A. Amy didn’t seem to be nervous during her speech.B. Amy needs more training in making public speeches.C. The man didn’t think highly of Amy’s presentation.D. The man can hardly understand Amy’s presentation.10. A. In France. B. In China. C. In Italy. D. In Japan.第 1 页/ 共16 页Section B （15分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. A notice was put in a window seat.B. Some of the seats were not occupied.C. There was a window seat unoccupied.D. The plane was not very crowded.12. A. Mr. Jackson was the last passenger to get on board the plane.B. Mr. Jackson was surprised to see the notice on the seat.C. Mr. Jackson sat next to the soldier.D. The plane Mr. Jackson took was heavily loaded with luggage.13. A. The notice was put on the seat by the soldier.B. The soldier was waiting for his girlfriend.C. The girl was the last passenger who got on the plane.D. The seat by the window was kept for the last passenger.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Beijing was the most polluted city.B. The air quality index reading for Xi’an reached 500.C. The AQI for Xingtai in Hebei Province was 491.D. Emergency measures against air pollution have not been taken.15. A. About 100 cities. B. About 50 cities.C. About 500 cities.D. About 20 cities.16. A. Limiting government vehicle use.B. Putting off all construction.C. Asking polluters to apologize for their action.D. Reducing the emissions from power companies.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. In a studio. B. In a clothing store.C. At a beach resort.D. At a fashion show.18. A. To live there permanently. B. To stay there for half a year.C. To find a better job to support herself.D. To sell leather goods for a British company.19. A. Designing fashion items for several companies.B. Modeling for a world-famous Italian company.C. Working as an employee for Ferragamo.D. Serving as a sales agent for Burberry.第 2 页/ 共16 页20. A. It has seen a steady decline in its profits.B. It has become much more competitive.C. It has lost many customers to foreign competitors.D. It has attracted a lot of more designers from abroad.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Marvel and Disney Remember Stan LeeToday, Marvel Comics and The Walt Disney Company pause and reflect with great sadness on the passing of Marvel Chairman Emeritus, Stan Lee. With a heavy heart, we share our deepest condolences（哀悼）(21) _____ his daughter and brother, and we honor and remember the creator, voice and champion of Marvel.“Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created. A super hero in his own right to Marvel fans around the world, Stan had the power to inspire, to entertain, and to connect. Nothing but his heart (22) _____ exceed the scale of his imagination.” said Bob Iger, Chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company.Stan Lee loved the (23) _____ (write) word from an early age, and wanted to craft stories like those in his favorite books and films, which he consumed greedily. From a simple upbringing in Manhattan, young Stanley worked his way through a series of jobs (24) _____ he found himself an assistant at a comic book publishing company — Timely Comics.Marvel fans found a friend in Stan Lee. He introduced the famous “Stan’s Soapbox” to speak directly to his readers, (25) _____ (reach) a personal level rarely seen in comics of the day. Always pushing for new ways of creating comics, Stan also started the “Marvel method” of plotting and art, creating some of (26) _____ (fantastic) stories in the industry to this day. An entire generation of young readers expanded and strengthened their vocabulary and knowledge through Stan’s stories.Roy Thomas, (27) _____succeeded Lee as editor-in-chief at Marvel, had visited Lee two days before (28) _____ death to discuss the upcoming book The Stan Lee Story, and stated “I think he was ready to go. But he was still talking about doing more cameos（配角）. (29) _____ _____ _____ he had the energy for it and didn’t have to travel, Stan was always up (30) _____ (do) something more.”Marvel and the entire Walt Disney Company salute the life and career of Stan Lee and offer their undying gratitude for his unmatchable accomplishments within their halls. Every time you open a Marvel comic, Stan will be there.Section B （10分）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.第 3 页/ 共16 页The ability of the herd mentality（从众心理）to increase people’s chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena. Aral (A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology) says, from housing ___31___ to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews, the ___32___ that other people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves.The new study ___33___ how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive ___34___ of their own early reviews in the process, Aral adds.It found that effects were strongest when stories were about politics, business and cultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces. In situations where there are more ___35___ news reviews, you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes.“Think twice before you trust, how many likes something has,” he adds. “That’s something you have to ___36___ with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度).” And it’s a situation many online users ___37___ on a daily basis.Aral recently went to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out of five stars, but when he got to the ___38___, he was shown how other people describe the same place and those reviews include someone with five stars. Seeing those positive reviews made him think twice about his own ___39___ average opinion.“A woman ___40___ how great it is, how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great,” he says. “Maybe it’s not such a good idea to say some rating right before you make your own.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Whether it’s from an awful breakup or a painful life event, some memories can return repeatedly to our mind for the entire lives. But, what if science can ___41___ your bad memories so that you can start all over again? As is known to all, memory is an incredibly complex ____42___. While scientists used to believe it was like a filing cabinet and particular memories were stored in different sections of the brain, we now know this is ___43___.In fact, each memory is a brain wide process. If you end up remembering something, it’s because the cells in your brain are being fired, ___44___ new connections and links and literally rebuild the circuitry of your mind. And this change is partially ___45___ by proteins in the brain. So what if the proteins aren’t available?Simply put, memories can’t be made. Seriously, scientists have tested this by giving animals第 4 页/ 共16 页drugs that prevent these proteins from forming. ___46___, the animals have no recollection of the things that took place shortly after the drug was taken. From this research, scientists actually found a way to target long-term memories for ___47___. You see, every single time you remember a memory, your brain is once again firing and rewiring.In fact, each time you reflect on a memory, you are physically changing that memory in your mind. And each time the memory is changed a little, it reflects your ___48___ thoughts. Remembering, to a great extent, is an act of ___49___ and imagination, which means that the more you reflect on old memories, the less accurate they will become. And scientists have actually quantified this change.After 9/11, hundreds of people were asked about their memories of the dreadful day. A year later, 37% of the details had changed. By 2004, nearly 50% of the details had changed or gone ___50___. And because memories are formed and rebuilt every time, if you administer (服药) the protein-preventing drug while recalling a memory, the memory can be ___51___ removed.To test this, scientists took lab rats and played sound for them, shortly followed by an electric shock. ___52___ doing this for many times, the rats quickly learned that if they heard the sound, a shock was soon to follow. Therefore, they would stress up and freeze every time they heard it. Months later, these rats would still ___53___ the noise. However, if they administered the drug first, the rats would lose the memory of the sound, and simply continue on. They had lost their memory of that specific noise.To be sure that the drug wasn’t just causing large-scale brain damage, scientists repeated these experiments with various tones this time. Both sounds would warn for a shock and ___54___ the rats would fear both. But if they administered the drug and played only one of the sounds, the mice would only forget that one tone, while still remaining ___55___ of the other. Over time scientists have discovered specific drugs to target particular proteins across different parts of the brain.41. A. refresh B. forget C. control D. erase42. A. range B. process C. idea D. structure43. A. incorrect B. evident C. partial D. complex44. A. eliminating B. decreasing C. bringing D. building45. A. inspired B. stopped C. identified D. perfected46. A. By contrast B. On the contrary C. As a result D. For example47. A. evaluation B. estimation C. deletion D. production48. A. terrified B. critical C. current D. former49. A. repetition B. creation C. function D. reproduction50. A. uncontrolled B. complicated C. valuable D. missing51. A. repeatedly B. effectively C. hardly D. consistently52. A. Before B. Until C. After D. While53. A. turn to B. respond to C. adapt to D. return to54. A. surprisingly B. especially C. eventually D. similarly55. A. suspicious B. careful C. painful D. fearful第 5 页/ 共16 页Section B （22分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Who would win in a fight, a lion or a tiger? Well, if size has anything to do with the matter, the tiger would win. That’s because tigers are the largest of all cat species. Tigers are not only large, they are also fast. They can sprint as fast as 40 miles per hour for short distances and leap as far as 30 feet horizontally. You might not think that such large, fast, and fierce creatures need help to survive, but they do.It is estimated that at the start of the 20th century, there were over 100,000 tigers living in the wild. By the turn of the century, the number of tigers outside of captivity dwindled to just over 3,000. Interestingly, the most serious threats that tigers face come from a much smaller species, one with an average weight of around 140 lbs. That species is Homo sapiens, better known as humans. Humans threaten tigers in primarily two ways: hunting and destroying habitat.Tigers are hunted for many reasons. People have long valued the famous striped skins. Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world, tiger pelts are worth around $10,000 on the black market. Though the fur would be incentive enough for most poachers, other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny. Some people in China and other Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties. Traditional Chinese medicine calls for the use of tiger bones, amongst other parts, in some prescriptions.Tigers have also been hunted as game. In other words, people hunted tigers solely for the thrill and achievement of killing them. Such killings took place in large scale during the 19th and early 20th centuries, when an English hunter might claim to kill over a hundred tigers in their hunting career. Though this practice is much less popular today than it was in the past, it has not ceased entirely.Humans have done considerable damage to the world’s tiger population through hunting, but perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat. Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, all the way from Turkey to the eastern coast of Russia. But over the past 100 years, tigers have lost 93% of their historic range. Instead of spanning all the way across Asia, the tiger population is now isolated in small pockets in southern and southeastern Asia. This is because humans have drastically changed the environments. Humans have built towns and cities. Road and transit systems were created to connect these towns and cities. To feed the people living in these areas, forests and fields have been cleared to create farmland.A major obstacle to preserving tigers is the enormous amount of territory that each tiger requires. Each wild tiger demands between 200 and 300 square miles. Tigers are also both territorial and solitary animals. This means that they are protective of the areas that they claim and they generally do not share with other tigers. Because tigers need so much territory, it is really difficult for conservationists to acquire enough land to support a large population of tigers.第 6 页/ 共16 页56. Which of the following is NOT a reason in the article explaining why tigers are hunted?A. Because tiger skins are worth a lot of money.B. Because tiger parts are used as medicines in some cultures.C. Because some tigers attack local villages.D. Because tigers are hunted for enjoyment by some people.57. The underlined word “incentive” in the third paragraph probably means ________.A. attractiveB. innovativeC. alternativeD. respective58. Which best explains why tigers have lost so much of their habitat according to the text?A. Because tigers are under threat from other animals.B. Because tiger skins are extremely valuable.C. Because the environment has been changed.D. Because tigers need so much space to survive.59. Which of the following best describes the author’s main purpose in writing this article?A. To provide readers with interesting information about the lifestyles of tigers.B. To persuade readers to help the world’s tiger population and to offer ways to help.C. To entertain readers with stories about how tigers hunt and are hunted.D. To explain to readers why the world’s tiger population is endangered.(B)Learning English Video Project1. Encounters in the UK (17 minutes)Watch | CommentsEncounters in the UK is the first film in this documentary mini-series.It tells the story of four girls from different countries who travel toCambridge in England to study English and stay with local families inwhat is called a “homestay”arrangement. For the four girls thehomestay arrangement is a positive experience. As one of the homestay hosts explains: “It’s going to be a great experience, not only in terms of learning English, but in learning about life.”Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments2. Insights from China (18 minutes)Watch | CommentsNever say dieBased in the busy, cosmopolitan city of Shanghai, DanielEmmerson’s latest film Insights from China takes us inside theworlds of English language learning and teaching and the airlineindustry in China. “Insights from China” focuses largely on the staffand management of a Chinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English. Spring Airlines is the first low-cost airline in China.Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments第7 页/ 共16 页3. Stories from Morocco (16 minutes)Watch | CommentsSet in Casablanca, Morocco, this film features footage and interviewsfocusing on key questions such as “Why are people learningEnglish?” and “What tips and advice can learners offer?” Staff andlearners discuss the advantages and challenges of English languagelearning in Morocco. Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs. American accents, multi-level classrooms, and the similarities of English to French and Spanish.Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments4. Thoughts from Brazil (17 minutes)Watch | CommentsLike Insights from China, Thoughts from Brazil also looks at moderntrends in learning English, especially for children and teens. It willbe of particular interest to all those who long for a learningexperience that is more interactive and communicative. Teens andyoung adults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music, gaming and social media with self-study. As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo, Brazil, he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era.Watch with Subtitles | Watch without Subtitles | Comments60. From the passage we can conclude that “Learning English Video Project” is most probably______.A. an online course focusing on language and cultureB. audio documents on language learningC. a series of English learning video programsD. a set of films on English-speaking countries61. If someone is interested in the comparison between English and other languages, he might beinterested to watch __________.A. Encounters in the UKB. Stories from MoroccoC. Thoughts from BrazilD. Insights from China62. What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo, Brazil?A. Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative.B. Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners.C. The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning.D. The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners.(C)The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year indicated a new era for climate action. For the first time, the world’s nations agreed to keep global warming well below 2℃.This is vital for climate-vulnerable nations. Fewer than 4% of countries are responsible for第8 页/ 共16 页more than half of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports, we reveal just how deep this injustice runs.Developed nations such as Australia, the United States, Canada, and European countries are essentially climate “free-riders”: causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions, while paying few of the costs such as climate changes impact on food and water. In other words, a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels, while at the same time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change.On the other hand, there are many “forced riders”, who are suffering from the climate change impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem. Many of the world’s most climate-vulnerable countries, the majority of which are African or small island states, produce a very small quantity of emissions. This is much like a non-smoker getting cancer from second-hand smoke, while the heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in good health.The Paris agreement has been widely considered as a positive step forward in addressing climate change for all, although the details on addressing “climate justice” can be best described as incomplete.The goal of keeping global temperature rise “well below” 2℃ deserves to be praised but the emissions reduction promises submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver on this.More than $100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developing nations to reduce emissions. However, the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction between developed and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions, effectively ignoring historical emissions. There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or, importantly, who is responsible for their provision. Securing these funds and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.The most climate-vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little to creating the global disease from which they now suffer the most. There must urgently be a meaningful mobilization of the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions while helping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change.And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high-emitting nations to decide whether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants (暴君) or pioneers.63. The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement because ________.A. it is unfair to those climate-vulnerable nationsB. it aims to keep temperature rise below 2℃ onlyC. it is beneficial to only fewer than 4% of countriesD. it burdens developed countries with the full responsibility64. Why does the author call some developed countries climate “free-riders”?A. They needn’t worry about the food and water they consume.B. They are better able to cope with the global climate change.C. They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused.D. They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting “forced riders”.第9 页/ 共16 页65. What does the author say about the $100 billion funding?A. It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions.B. There is no final agreement on where it will come from.C. There is no clarification of how the money will be spent.D. It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide.66. What urgent action must be taken to realize the Paris climate agreement?A. Encouraging high-emitting nations to take the initiative.B. Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts.C. Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus.D. Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once.Section C （8分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Travel the World by BikeRachel Hugens met her husband, Patrick, while bicycle touring. The Hugenses, who live in Boise, when not on their bikes, recently went on their latest round-the-world adventure. They visited 36 countries on a tour, touching Europe, Africa, Asia and South America.“Traveling by bike is the ultimate freedom,” Rachel said via email. “On a bike, you become part of the scenery. The landscape is not framed by a window. ____67____”A growing communityDennis Swift, secretary of the Southwest Idaho Mountain Biking Association, rode across the U.S last year–from Seattle to Salem, Massachusetts. Six people started the tour and three finished, riding 52 out of 56 days. They averaged about 60 miles per riding day.“We took quite a few pictures; we didn’t keep our head down the whole way,” Swift said. “We got to meet different people. It’s the people that are probably most important.”Swift also rode through the Basque Country with a group of Boise cyclists last year. He’s planning to participate in a Virginia bike tour this year.“When you get older, your health is the number one priority.” he said, “____68____”第10 页/ 共16 页Seeing the places in between“Traveling by bicycle forces you to visit the places in between that many backpackers traveling by bus would pass by,” Patrick said. “____69____” The challenges, beyond the obvious mental and physical energy required, include navigating visa requirements, food choices, language barriers, poor riding surfaces and boxing bikes for air travel, Rachel said.Financial flexibility to travelThis is the third time that the couple has quit their jobs to tour. Rachel is a registered nurse; Patrick is an architect. Both regained their former jobs when they returned home in 2000 and 2007. They’re uncertain what will happen this time.They’ve given themselves financial flexibility by paying off their home, commuting to work by bike and avoiding some of the bills that are important parts for most (cell phones, cable TV). They travel with a $50 daily budget.“____70____”Rachel said. “We’ve met some cyclists traveling long term on a $10 daily budget. They can travel as long as their money lasts, so they’re motivated to spend wisely.”IV. Summary Writing （10分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The drug store was closing for the night and Alfred Higgins was about to go home when his new boss approached him.“Empty your pockets please, Alfred,” Sam Carr demanded in a firm voice.Alfred pretended to be shocked but he knew he’d been caught. From his coat he withdrew a make-up kit, a lipstick and two tubes of toothpaste.“I’m disappointed in you, Alfred!” said the little gray-haired man.“Sorry, Sir. Please forgive me. I’ve nev er done such a thing before.” Alfred lied, hoping to gain the old man’s sympathy.Mr Carr’s brow furrowed (皱眉) as he reached for the phone, “Do you take me for a fool? Let’s see what the police have to say. But first I’ll call your mother and let her know her son is heading to jail.”“Do whatever you want,” Alfred shot back, trying to sound big. But deep down he felt like a child. He imagined his mother rushing in, eyes burning with anger, maybe in tears. Yet he wanted her to come quickly before Mr. Carr called the police.Mr. Carr was surprised when Mrs Higgins finally arrived. She was very calm, quiet and friendly. “Is Alfred in trouble?” she asked.“He’s been stealing from the store,” the old man coolly replied.Mrs. Higgins put out her hand and touched Mr. Carr’s arm with great gentleness as if she knew just how he felt. She spoke as if she did not want to cause him any more trouble. “What do you want to do, Mr. Carr?”The woman’s calm and gentle manner disarmed the once-angry store-owner. “I was going to get a cop. But I don’t want to be cruel. Tell your son not to come back here again, and I’ll let it go.”第11 页/ 共16 页。

【精品】松江区2019年高三第一学期期末(一模)学科质量检测物理试题及答案

松江区2018-2019学年等级考第一次模拟考试试卷物理考生注意：1．试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

试卷包括三部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为填空题，第三部分为综合题。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写学校、姓名、考场号和座位号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。

第一部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，第二、三部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。

一、单项选择题（共40分，1至8题每小题3分，9至12题每小题4分。

若A、B两点的场强大小分别为E A、E B。

上海市松江区2018-2019学年度第二学期模拟考质量监控试卷【含答案】

第1页共18页松江区2018—2019学年度第二学期模拟考质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2019.4 考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分, 试卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上, 做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题前, 务必在答题纸上填写学校、姓名和考生号。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper paper, , and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At an airport. B. At a hotel. C. At a bus stop. D. At a post office.2. A. $ 15. B. $ 30. C. $ 45. D. $ 60.3. A. Food for a picnic. B. Drinks to be delivered. C. Shopping list for drinks. D. Preparations for a party.4. A. Taking a photo. B. Enjoying an exhibit. C. Practicing riding a car. D. Hanging a picture.5. A. Give up the course. B. Make a little progress. C. Change for another course.D. Stick to the course. 6. A. Convincing.B. Pointless.C. Unbelievable.D. Time-consuming. 7. A. It A. It’’s more than satisfactory. B. It B. It’’s better than expected.C. It C. It’’s not satisfactory at all.D. I D. It’t’t’s beyond expectation. s beyond expectation. 8. A. The man is late for the meeting because he is too busy.B. The woman is glad to meet Mr. Brown in person.C. The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr. Brown.D. The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come.9. A. She can A. She can’’t concentrate herself. B. She is fully enjoying herself.C. She doesn C. She doesn’’t like the atmosphere.D. She is not familiar with the songs.10. A. Tom will revise his project as the man told him to.B. The man should give Tom more influence.C. Tom C. Tom’’s project doesn s project doesn’’t need to be revised at all. D. It D. It’’s unlikely that Tom will revise his project.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage .11. A. The quality of the food. B. The direction to the food.C. The distance to the food.D. The smell of the food.12. A. Appreciative. B. Believable.C. Doubtful.D. Supportive.13 A. His winning the Nobel Prize. B. B. The British scientists’ study.The British scientists’ study.C. The videos of bees C. The videos of bees’’ life. D. The invention of radar. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news .14. A. Several people were seriously hurt.B. No injuries were yet reported.C. Nobody was in the building when it broke out.D. The fire had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.15. A. Planning a new manned landing on the moon in 2019.B. Testing the possibility of 5G mobile signal coverage on the moon.C. Establishing mobile communication between the moon and the earth.D. Sending high definition streaming video and data from the moon.16. A. Shrinking potato farming. B. Heavy reliance on import.C. Widespread plant disease.D. Insufficient potato supply.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The hotel put his reservation under another name.B. The man made a mistake of the date.C. The hotel had canceled his reservation.D. The man was in the wrong hotel.18. A. Some VIP people have rented all the rooms in advance.B. There was a conference going on in the city.C. The hotel was undergoing major repairs.D. It was a busy season for holiday-makers.19. A. It was free of charge on weekends. B. It had discount on weekdays.C. It was offered to VIP guests only.D. It was cheaper than usual.20. A. Cancel the reservation. B. Ask for a free breakfast.C. Complain to the manager.D. Demand to be refunded.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Rhiannon Lambert, who treats about 180 clients a year with various kinds of eating disorders, says the number of those caused by “clean eating”disorders, says the number of those caused by “clean eating” (21) ______ (double) in the past (21) ______ (double) in the past three years. “They develop particular habits, or won’t eat food when walking, because they think that food can only be eaten when they (22) ______ (seat),think that food can only be eaten when they (22) ______ (seat),” she said.” she said.Clean eating is promoted by some food bloggers, who are increasingly thought by a number of medical experts to be having a bad influence on young people today today. . “Young people lose this and cannot afford the lifestyle needed to follow it,” Lambert said. Health bloggers (23)not have enough knowledge but offer dangerous advice. These people are now role models (24) ______ word will inspire young people. I have clients who think they have to be a strict vegetarian to be successful. The extreme form of this is known as orthorexia nervosa (健康食品强迫症).Ur Ursula Philpot, a dietitian at the British Dietetic Association, said, “It is difficult to blame sula Philpot, a dietitian at the British Dietetic Association, said, “It is difficult to blame them completely. If it weren’t the bloggers, then it could be (25) ______ else. Orthorexia affects more girls than boys, although boys are much more affected tha n girls.” Philpot said, “At the top of most people’s lists of bad foods includes gluten (麸质) and dairy. (26) ______ you talk to young people more, you will find some of them worry all day about eating a biscuit.”The condition starts out as an attempt (27) ______ (eat) more healthily, but those who experience it fully focus on food quality and purity. “There may be several reasons forsomeone to take up clean eating,” Philpot said. “Eating disorders are serious mental illnesses and their causes are complex. Research is telling us that they may be more biologically based than we thought, (28) ______ social and environmental factors also play a part in their development.”Deanne Jade, the founder of the National Centre for Eating Disorders, said, “A lot of y oung people don’t think they need treatment and there are too many messages in the media. What worries me is that a lot of people (29) ______ (promote) these ideas have no knowledge of nutrition. I don’t know what the solution is, but in many cases, gettin g people to recover from an eating disorder means (30) ______ (get) from an eating disorder means (30) ______ (get) them to relax their ideas about clean eating.”them to relax their ideas about clean eating.” Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. applyB. supposedC. accurateD. consumeE. existingF. maintain G . options H. nature I. sensitive J. address K. willingnessA recent troubling study showed that “fake news fake news”” spread significantly faster, deeper and more broadly than the truth, and the effect is even more remarkable when regarding news as opposed to reporting on natural disasters, finance or science. So how can we encourage individuals to seek 31online content? Leading scholars are trying hard to deal with this question.Processing new information requires a considerable mental effort, especially when that information seems to conflict with your 32 worldview. It takes the 33to admit you may be wrong. But with a great amount of conflicting information available, who ’s to say what what’’s actually true and what s actually true and what’’s false? If you can’can’t tell, t tell, why not just make life easy and go with what supports your current beliefs?So what 34 do we have? Many suggest that we can 35the issue by reforming adult behavior, but this is aiming too far from source. An alternative solution is using early education to help individuals recognize these problems and 36critical thinking to the information they deal with. Currently, there is a push in the US to include Internet information classes into primary and secondary school curriculums. The movement, which has received some support, aims to make fact-checking seem like second 37 to individuals at an early age.Primary and secondary school are 38to be supplying students with the skills they need to develop into productive and informed members of our society. As our society develops, the curriculum we are teaching our students needs to develop as well.The Internet is an amazing tool, but to use it most effectively we have to accept its benefits while also understanding the ways in which it makes us dangerously39 . If students are still learning the practices such as writing in school, shouldn ’t they be learning how to 40the Internet responsibly as well?III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People hold different views on almost anything, mainly because of the culture we are familiar with or the education we have received. We live in a 41world where people are quick to point out the faults and imperfections of others, yet seem unaware of their own. Some misguided souls believe they have a duty to help you to be a better person by telling you what a failure you really are first and then offering suggestions as to how you can improve.So what is the possible solution to42 ? If you are the one forcing others to feel 43 themselves, STOP . Make a conscious decision rather than 44the negative aspect of a person’s performance or attitudes attitudes. . Y ou’ll offer helpful suggestions from the beginning. If I’m painting o beginning. If I’m painting our living room and ur living room and 45in doing so, I would like my husband to say to me, “This is a tough job. Can I offer a suggestion that might make it easier for you?” rather than have him point out what a 46painter I am and then tell me how I should be doing it.If you are on the 47end of criticism, the “OK” response is a perfect solution. When someone comments negatively on a task you are doing or a personality issue of yours, a(n) 48 response is to defend and attack. However, this approach is rarely effective as it puts both parties on the49 . . Instead, simply reply with “OK”. This brief Instead, simply reply with “OK”. This brief one-word response 50the other person’s comment without agreeing with it or feeling necessary to engage in a debate about it.It is important to remain emotionally attached to what the other person is saying, to listen without feeling, to be a(n) 51observer. In fact, there is much that one can learn from a 52review. You can ask yourself: Did I make a mistake? Could I have done better? Did I give 100% of myself to the task at hand? If so, how can I improve myself? As for chronic (习惯性的) criticizers: It is important to set strict boundary with them. Remove yourself from their 53when necessary.54 , one can learn to be “OK” with criticism and not allow it to negatively impact your life or relationship with the other party. Examine it for any potential 55 , and then let it go and just be “OK”.41. A. dependent B. judgmental C. selfish D. creative42. A. criticism B. imperfection C. failure D. unawareness43. A. devoted to B. connected with C. ashamed of D. concerned about44. A.turn downB. get rid ofC. cover upD. focus on 45. A. making a messB. asking for troubleC. having funD. offering a helpful hand 46. A. considerate B. careless C. humble D. modest47. A. forcing B. receiving C. criticizing D. advising48. A. avoidable B. meaningless C. extreme D. natural49. A. impolite B. dangerous C. defensive D. regretful50. A. ignores B. acknowledges C. eliminates D. declines51. A. active B. initiative C. creative D. objective52. A. reasonable B. agreeable C. negative D. instructive53. A. praise B. presence C. comment D. help54. A. In any case B. On the contrary C. To begin with D. For instance55. A. harm B. conflict C. obstacle D. truthSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Being able to land safely is a critically important skill for all flying animals. Comparatively speaking, ground living animals face no particular challenge when they need to stop running or crawling, while flying animals move at much higher speed, and they must be careful about how they land. Hitting the ground, or even water, at full flight speed would be quite dangerous. Before touching down, they must decrease their speed in order to land safely. Both bats and birds have mastered the skill of landing, but these two types of flyers go about it quite differently.In the past it was believed that, in terms of flying mechanics, there was little difference between bats and birds. This belief was based only on assumption, however, because for years nobody had actually studied in detail how bats move their wings. In recent years, though, researchers have discovered a number of interesting facts about bat flight. Bats are built differently from birds, and their wings are made up of both their front and hind limbs (肢体). This makes coordinating (协调) their limbs more difficult for bats and, as a result, they are not very good at flying over longer distances. However, they are much better at the ability to adjust themselves: a bat can quickly change its direction of flight or completely reverse it, something a bird cannot easily do.Another interesting characteristic of bat flight is the way in which bats land-upside down! Unlike birds which touch down on the ground or on tree branches, bats can be observed flying around and then suddenly hanging upside down from an object overhead. One downside to this landing routine is that the bats often land with some force, which probably causes pain. However, not all bats hit their landing spots with the same speed and force; these will vary depending on the area where a bat species makes its home. For example, a cave bat, which regularly lives on a hard stone ceiling, is more careful about its landing preparation than a bat more accustomed to landing in leafy treetops.56. Which of the following is the topic of the passage?A. Places where flying animals choose to land.B. Why scientists have difficulty observing bats.C. Differences in the eating habits of bats and birds.D. Ways in which bats move differently from birds.57. Which of the following is a false assumption about bats that was recently corrected?A. They cannot hear any sound.B. They sleep upside down.C. They fly similarly to birds.D. They hide in tree branches.paragraph) probably refers to “______”.refers to “______”.The word ““it” (in 2nd paragraph) probably58. The wordA. the distance to the netsB. the sense of flying heightC. the flying directionD. the ability to change the speed59. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Bats might hurt themselves when landing.B. Bats can hang upside down like birds.C. Bats can adjust speed before landing.D. Bats and birds land in different ways.(B)What is a TEDx event?TEDx brings the spirit of TED’smission of “ideas worth spreading” to localcommunities around the globe. A TEDx event is a local gathering where live TED-like talks and videos previously recorded at TED conferences are shared with a community. TEDx events are fully planned and coordinated independently, on a community-by-community basis. All TEDx events present multiple issues and a diversity of voices from many disciplines. After all, what’s the fun without a little variety?If you want to organize a TED x event, you’ll need to apply for a TEDx license. No one is qualified to organize an event without being granted a license by TED.So you want to organize a TEDx event?Before you start you should know the TEDx rules, which are non-negotiable and mandatory.General rules* We value and welcome young organizers, but if you’re under 18 years old, you must be supervised by an adult. TED doesn’t grant licenses to individuals associated with controversial or extremist organizations.* TED allocates one location-based license series per application. You must live in the city for which you are applying for a license. Your TEDx event must happen in the city forwhich you received the license.* Your event must maintain the spirit of TED itself: focused on the power of ideas to change attitudes or lives. Your event may not exceed (超过) one day in length.* Up to 100 individuals may attend your event. Only individuals who have attended an official TED conference may organize an event with more than 100 attendees. Having attended one or multiple TEDx events or TEDWomen does not qualify you to host an event for more than 100 guests.* TEDx events are named after locations, such as cities, neighborhoods, streets etc., and aim to serve that named community. Event names must comply with the guideline laid out in naming your event.Special attentions※ A TEDx event is not a platform for professional speakers, such as motivational speakers and professional life coaches. Its purpose is to give a platform to those who don’t often have one.※ A TEDx event cannot be used to raise money, not even for a charity.※ A TEDx event can’t be co-branded with an institution except under specific license types – for a college or university, or for internal events (for corporations and organizations).※ TEDx events may not be used to promote spiritual or religious beliefs, commercial products or any kind of political agenda.※ Every TEDx event either shows only TED Talk videos to its audience, or shows both TED Talk videos and live speakers from the community. For events less than half a day in length, two TED Talks videos are required to be shown. For longer events, 25% of the total number of talks must be official TED Talk videos.60. What do we know from the first part of the passage?A. TED organization is not responsible for TEDx events.B. TEDx is TED-like but it is operated independently.C. People can give TEDx speeches under no conditions.D. TEDx speeches should follow a single topic principle.61. According to the General rules, a TEDx event organizer should ______.A. extend the event to one dayB. hold a TED event firstC. name the event after locationsD. host the event in different cities62. Which of the following people may be allowed to make a TEDx speech?A. A member of a volunteer group who wants to collect money for the war victims.B. A college student who wants to advocate the use of green and renewable energy.C. A CEO in a high-tech industry who wants to popularize its newest product.D. A professional speaker who wants to motivate people with successful stories.(C)In an industry with low margins (利润) where the traditional wisdom is led by Walmart, the key to success is lowering operating costs. A big part of those costs are in labor, so it is no surprise that the retail industry has been a leader in using more part-time workers to keep labor costs down, holding the line on wages, not training, and with few exceptions, seeing employees as a cost to be minimized. There is no doubt that these businesses fight for every dollar of margin. Unlike trend-leading hi-tech companies which spend a lot of money on employees to get them innovated, retail industry can spend very limited money on theiremployees.What researchers found was that companies were often staffing their stores far too low, and that many stores tended to perform better with higher staffing levels and were more profitable. Let’s let that sink in for a minute. The stores were making more money (with all other things being equal) when they spent more on employees.They also found that retailers didn’t do a ver y good job when staffing levels are just the actual demand in those stores. In fact, they set staffing levels identically across stores, even when the needs of the stores varied considerably. The average store did not appear to be understaffed, but there were enough that were understaffed and effect on overall company profitability was substantial.Interestingly, the same researchers persuaded the retail chain to run an experiment withthem and slightly raise staffing levels to the amount that their analysis of historical data suggests would be ideal. Y es, labor costs obviously jumped when they did that, but so didcosts——the biggest part is the cost of the profits. In retail, labor is a small percentage of costsproducts they sell. So, the net effect was an increase in profits of $7.4 million across 168 stores on an annual basis.What can we learn from this? One question worth thinking of is: How can traditional retail industry survive the increasingly severe market? Especially now with the growth of online retail, the one thing stores still have going for them is one to one customer contact with salespeople. If retailers cut that down to almost nothing, then they have effectively eliminated their competitive advantage against online stores.63. In the first paragraph, Walmart is mentioned to indicate that ______.A. Walmart is suffering a low return on investmentsB. Walmart is followed by companies in controlling costsC. Walmart well balances investments and profitsD. Walmart should considerably cut costs on its employees64. According to the passage, which of the following is true about retail industry?A. It focuses on lowering costs of employees.B. It intends to over staff employees in the stores.C. It attempts to maintain high income for the employees.D. It invents a large sum of money on staff training.65. What can we learn from the researchersWhat can we learn from the researchers’’ experiment?A. It’’s acceptable to have equal staffing levels across stores.A. ItB. Understaffing helps the stores to operate profitably.C. Profitability has nothing to do with staffing.D. A little over the standard staffing proved to be profitable.66. Which of the following would the author probably agree with?A. For retail industry, cutting product costs is the priority.B. Online retail industry should staff more precisely to be competitive.C. Investment on employees is potentially profitable for retail industry.D. Staffing control is an effective way for retail industry to make profits.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. If so, and if you enjoyed these activities, seek out related careers.B. In these cases, successfully completing a specific major is crucial to landing a job in thematching field.C. Graduating from a university with an excellent major and practical ability will surelymake you more competitive.D. It may influence it, but there are other factors that influence your career options as well.E. The more you learn about workforce market, the better you’ll know the importance ofa desired major.F. Although your major and coursework are relevant to landing a job, they are not the onlydeciding factors.College graduation eventually means taking much of your attention in your first job search. This process can be challenging, especially for those students who had thought very carefully about their chosen major and their potential career path—or those who majored in a field not directly connected to a specific career he eventually got. If you are in one of these groups, fear not! 67Some majors are tied directly to specific career fields. For example, if you wish to become a teacher, you will likely have needed to complete an education program and eventually sit for a licensing exam. The same applies to majors in nursing. If you did not complete an acceptable rsing program, you won’t be able to take the nursing licensing exam. 68 nu nursing program, you won’t be able to take the nursing licensing exam.Other majors, however, are closely related to career paths but don’t necessarily require a degree in the area. For example, students who majored in finance, math, or statistics may also have the necessary skills to be hired as an accountant.Hopefully, as a college student, you were able to do more than just attend classes and read your course books. Y our non-academic experiences can be very influential on your future career as well. Did you work during college, volunteer, or participate in a club or organization? 69 If you volunteered with a non-profit organization such as a homeless or domestic violence shelter, seek out positions in social services related to case management or victim advocacy. You may qualify for a position regardless of your major.Although it often seems like your college major alone determines your career fate, this just isn’t the case. 70 If you don’t know what career opti If you don’t know what career options to consider based on ons to consider based on your major, talk to your faculty or academic advisor. Y ou may be surprised at what opportunities await! IV . Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are you working with your computer routinely either as a office employee or a game lover? Are your eyes dry, watery, blurry, seeing double or sensitive to light? If your answer is a a ““yes yes”, you ”, you ”, you are likely one of many people today who suffer from digital eyestrain, also called are likely one of many people today who suffer from digital eyestrain, also called computer-vision syndrome. What on earth is this syndrome coming from? What can we do to deal with this problem?Eyestrain is often related to the amount of exposure to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens simultaneously. However, studies have also shown that the blue light produced by digital devices today reaches further into the eyes than other kinds of light. This light actually assists attention during the day but can result in interrupted sleep patterns at night.Years of scientific researches indicate that eyestrain isn isn’’t necessarily an unavoidable problem for those who deal with computer work in the daily base. There are ways you can adopt which can overcome the problem considerably. To begin with, your computer screen should be high-resolution (高分辨率), at least 50 centimeters wide diagonally and may require a screen filter to decrease reflections. Also, be aware that “computer glasses”, which cut down glare and blue light ，are available.Besides, to reduce your risk for computer-vision syndrome, take frequent breaks during your computer workday. Many workers take only two 15-minute breaks from their computer throughout their day. According to a recent study, eyestrain are significantly reduced when computer workers take four additional five-computer workers take four additional five-minute “mini minute “mini minute “mini--breaks”breaks” throughout their workday. throughout their workday. Finally, many of us fall into bad habits while using digital screens, which only worsen the effects of eyestrain. While viewing digital screens, many people blink (眨眼) one third less often than they usually do. Place a reminder on your computer to “blink blink”” so that your eyes don eyes don’’t dry out.。

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