2019年英语专业四级真题及详解【圣才出品】
2019年12月大学英语四级真题试卷（题后附答案及解析）（一）
2019年12月大学英语四级真题试卷（题后附答案及解析）（一）2019年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(题后附答案及解析)（一）全部题型1. Writing2. Listening Comprehension3. Reading Comprehension4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.您的答案是：正确答案： Dear TomOn hearing that you are planning to teach English in China and inquire which city to work in I'd like to recommend our capital city Beijing to you which is an international metropolis.The reasons why I recommend Beijing can be listed as follows. First of all there are a lot of English-speaking foreigners in Beijing which could help you adapt to life here very quickly. Furtherm ore as the capital of several dynastiesBeijing has a profound cultural background so you can better experience the extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture in Beijing. Most importantly parents in Beijing attach great importanceto their children's English learning and many people who work in multinational companies also need to learn English.I truly hope that you can come to Beijing to start your teaching life and I'm looking forward to your arrival. If you have any question about the city pl ease feel free to contact me for further information.Yours sincerelyLi MingPart II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：New York City police captured a cow on the loose in Prospect Park on Tuesday after the animal became an attraction for tourists while walking along the streets and enjoying the park facilities. The confused creature and camera-holding humans stared at each other through a fence for several minutes. At other times the cow wandered around the 526-acre park and the artificial grass field normally used for human sporting events. Officers used soccer goals to fence the animal in. However the cow then moved through one of the nets knocking down a police officer in the process. Policeeventually trapped the cow between two vehicles parked on either side of a baxxxxseball field's bench area. An officer then shot an arrow to put it to sleep. Then officers waited for the drug to take effect. After it fell asleep they loaded the cow into a horse trailer. It was not clear where the cow came from or how it got lost. Police turned it over to the animal control department after they caught it.Questions 1 and 2 are baxxxxsed on the news report you have just heard.1. What happened in New York's Prospect Park on Tuesday?2. What do we learn about the cow from the end of the news report? 2．A．Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.B．A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.C．Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.D．A wandering cow was captured by the police.您的答案是：正确答案：D解析：事实细节题。
专业英语四级真题2019年
专业英语四级真题2019年PART Ⅰ DICTATION1、Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more. Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided.SlangWe often use slang expressions when we talk, because they are so vivid and colorful.PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.Revision of Essay DraftsThe initial revision should focus on the essay as a whole.The first step: 2●the rough draft—containing too little or too much material—discussing things unrelated to 3●how to revise—provide 4 to convince your readers—eliminate unrelated materialThe second step: revise for organization●group similar ideas in the proper order●produce an outline from the draft to Check 5The third step: revise for length●mind the stated length●stick to 6Revise for 7 of the essay● 8 by breaking up some longer sentences●use short sentences to make important points●use long sentences to 9●eliminate 10 expressions●use fresh and interesting descriptions●write with 11 as much as possible●write in the active voiceSECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of eachconversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the conversations.CONVERSATION ONEQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.12、 A. Writer. B. Wells. C. Writer Wells. D. Susan Writer Wells.13、 A. She was a career woman. B. She was then a feminist.C. She didn't like her maiden name.D. She took her husband's surname.14、 A. She named herself after her profession. B. She named herself after her home town.C. She named herself after a day of the week.D. She named herself after the sculptor.15、 A. It gives women greater equality. B. It is a good solution to an old problem.C. The problem troubling feminists still remains.D. The surname problem has partly been solved.16、 A. History of surnames in America.B. Feminist movement in the 1960s.C. Traditional surnames in Europe.D. Reasons for inventing surnames.CONVERSATION TWOQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.17、 A. A reporter from a weekly program. B. An executive director froma company.C. A guest on a weekly program.D. A magazine editor from San Diego.18、 A. To let your boss know that you want a pay rise. B. To prepare a list of things that you have done.C. To let everybody know your achievement.D. To shamelessly promote yourself to your boss.19、 A. Because others may lose trust in you. B. Because it is unprofessional to do so.C. Because you will be given more work to do.D. Because the boss has the data on your work.20、 A. We could earn praise from our boss. B. We may forget the good things we've done.C. Things change quickly in work situations.D. The boss will review our performance data.21、 A. Websites. B. Radio programs.C. Research reports.D. Government documents.PART Ⅲ LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question.22、 Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural pattern of organization than ______.A. do other types of writingB. other types of writingC. on other types of writingD. will other types of writing23、 ______ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A. If it not had been forB. If had it not been forC. Had it not been forD. Had not it been for24、 Members of the Parliament were poised ______ ahead with a bill to approve construction of the oil pipeline.A. to moveB. movingC. to movingD. at moving25、 Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinions that otherwise ______ abstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A. may remainB. could remainC. must have remainedD. might have remained26、 Protocol was ______ enabled him to make difficult decisions without ever looking back.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. that27、 The woman had persuaded him to do ______ he was hired never to do—reveal the combination for the lock on the entrance.A. one thingB. such one thingC. any one thingD. the one thing28、 The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous person ______ he choose to be.A. mightB. couldC. shouldD. must29、 "If not us, who? If not now, when?" These two questions are used as a ______.A. sign of angerB. call for actionC. refusal of changeD. denial of commitment30、 What is the function of the present progressive in "They are always calling me by the wrong name"?A. To express unfavorable feelings.B. To alleviate unnecessary hostility.C. To indicate uncertainty.D. To dramatize a fact.31、 "Harry was compelled to resign and to come down to London, where he set up as an army coach." The relative clause in the sentence serves to ______.A. supply additional information about LondonB. describe the antecedent "London"C. narrate a sequential action taken by HarryD. put restrictions on the identity of Harry32、 A group ______ casinos has urged officials not to grant a license to a facility in the city.A. opposed toB. objected toC. posed againstD. protested against33、 After the war, he worked on an island in the Pacific, helping the natives and medical ______ understand each other's behavior and cultures.A. membersB. personsC. personnelD. faculty34、 The subject of manners is complex. If it were not, there would not be so many ______ feelings and so much misunderstanding in internationalcommunication.A. injuriousB. injuredC. injuringD. injury35、 To illustrate the limits of First Amendment free speech, many have noted that the Constitution does not give you the right to falsely ______ "Fire!" in a crowded theater.A. yelpB. yankC. yellD. yield36、 The company announced that it has achieved its mission to create a local food economy that is ______ to any environment.A. adoptableB. amendableC. alterableD. adaptable37、 Although Patterson acknowledges the disappointing season he had with the Vikings, he has no second ______ about how he went about his business.A. thoughtsB. opinionsC. concernsD. reasons38、 Electronic cigarettes should be subject ______ the same taxes and limitations on public use as traditional tobacco products.A. aboutB. atC. toD. on39、 FC Barcelona, ______ the most iconic club in world soccer, beat Manchester United 2-0 to claim the UEFA Champions League title.A. controversiallyB. arguablyC. debatablyD. finally40、 The store sells liquid vitamins ______ designed for children under 3.A. explicitlyB. speciallyC. speculativelyD. specifically41、 The three law ______ officers on the plane came to the rescue of a fellow passenger who was allegedly trying to kill herself.A. impositionB. coercionC. enforcementD. reinforcement PART Ⅳ CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Marie the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.A. daydreamB. disagreementC. factuallyD. ifE. inevitableF. inseparableG. laysH. makingI. perspectiveJ. residesK. thatL. thinkingM. thoughtfullyN. ultimatelyO. wakeTo some thinkers, it is machines and their development that drive economic and cultural change. This idea is referred to as technological determinism. Certainly there can be no doubt that machines contributed to the Protestant Reformation and the decline of the Catholic Church's power in Europeor 42 television has changed the way family members interact. Those who believe in technological determinism would argue that these changes in the cultural landscape were the 43 result of new technology.But others see technology as more neutral and claim that the way people use technology is what gives it significance. This 44 accepts technology as one of many factors that shape economic and cultural change; technology's influence is 45 determined by how much power it is given by the people and cultures that use it.This 46 about the power of technology is at the heart of the controversy surrounding the new communication technologies. Are we more or less powerless in the 47 of advances such as the Internet, the World Wide Web, and instant global audio and visual communication? If we are at the mercy of technology, the culture that surrounds us will not be of our 48 , and the best we can hope to do is make our way reasonably well in a world outside our own control. But if these technologies are indeed neutral and their power 49 in how we choose to use them, we can utilize them responsibly and 50 to construct and maintain whatever kind of culture we want. As film director and technophile Steve Spielberg explained, "Technology can be our best friend, and technology can also be the biggest party pooper of our lives. It interrupts our own story, interrupts our ability to have a thought or 51 , to imagine something wonderful."PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE52Life can be tough for immigrants in America. As a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it, to find a good job "you have to be like a wolf in the forest—able to smell out the best meat." And if you can't find work, don't expect the taxpayer to bail you out. Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hard for an able-bodied immigrant to live off the state. A law passed in 1996 explicitly bars most immigrants, even those with legal status, from receiving almost any federal benefits.53That is one reason why America absorbs immigrants better than many other rich countries, according to a new study by the University of California. The researchers sought to measure the effect of immigration on the native-born in 20 rich countries, taking into account differences in skills between immigrants and natives, imperfect labor markets and the size of the welfare state in each country.54Their results offer ammunition for fans of more open borders In 19 out of 20 countries, the authors calculated that shutting the doors entirely to foreign workers would make the native-born worse off. Never mind what it would do to the immigrants themselves, who benefit far more than anyone else from being allowed to cross borders to find work.55The study also suggests that most countries could handle more immigration than they currently allow. In America, a one-percentage point increase in the proportion of immigrants in the population made the native-born 0.05% better off. The opposite was true in some countries with generous or ill-designed welfare states, however. A one-point rise in immigration made the native-born slightly worse off in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. In Belgium, immigrants who lose jobs can receive almost two-thirds of their most recent wage in state benefits, which must make thehunt for a new job less urgent.56None of these effects was large, but the study undermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from natives or drag down their wages. Many immigrants take jobs that Americans do not want, the study finds. This "smooths" the labor market and ultimately creates more jobs for locals. Native-owned grocery stores do better business because there are immigrants to pick the fruit they sell. Indian computer scientists help American software firms expand. A previous study found that because immigrants typically earn less than locals with similar skills, they boost corporate profits, prompting companies to grow and hire more locals.PASSAGE TWO52There was something in the elderly woman's behavior that caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in her gestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do.53It was a few years ago, and I had taken a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I'd begun to see the people rushing by outside in the mall's concourse as a river of humanity.54The elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffing and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a leash, her mother would have been fastened to it as a means of tugging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers.55The older woman detached from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled on a crumpled piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit obscure. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality.56Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who'd passed away the previous Christmas. 62As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.63We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she'd enjoyed when she was her son's age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness, he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping her foot at the front of the store.64I escorted the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman's turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she'd displayed earlier.65As the cashier tucked the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.66"Is that your morn?" I asked.67I halfway expected her to tell me it was none of my business. But possibly believing me to be tolerant of her impatience, she rolled her eyes and said, "Yeah." There was exasperation in her reply, half sigh and half groan.68Still watching the mother, I said, "Mind some advice?"69"Sure," said the daughter.70I smiled to show her I wasn't criticizing. "Cherish her," I said. And then I answered her curious expression by saying, "When she's gone, it's the little moments that'll come back to you. Moments like this. I know."71It was true. I missed my mom still and remembered with melancholy clarity the moments when I'd used my impatience to make her life miserable.72The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter's custody. Together they made their way toward the store's exit. They stood there for a moment, side by side, watching the rush of the holiday current and for their place in it. Then the daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother's shoulders and gently guided her back into the crowds.PASSAGE THREE52Reading award-winning literature may boost your ability to read other people, a new study suggests. Researchers at the New School for Social Research, in New York City, found that when they had volunteers read works of acclaimed "literary fiction", it seemed to temporarily improve their ability to interpret other people's emotions. The same was not true of nonfiction or "popular" fiction, the mystery, romance and science-fiction books that often dominate bestseller lists.53Experts said the findings, reported online in Science, suggest that literature might help people to be more perceptive and engaged in their lives. 54"Reading literary fiction isn't just for passing the time It's not just an escape" said Keith Oatley, a professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto. "It also enables us to better understand others, and then take that into our daily lives."55Oatley was not involved in the new research, but worked on some of the first studies to suggest that reading literature can boost people's empathy for others. His team has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy on standard tests, but the same is not true of avid nonfiction fans.56But, the study by Oatley and his team cannot prove that literature boosts empathy—empathetic folks may just be drawn to reading fiction, whereas the new study does offer some "cause-and-effect" evidence, Oatley said. For the study, researchers set up a series of five experiments in which participants read either literary fiction, popular fiction, nonfiction or nothing at all before taking some standard tests. One of the tests is known as "Reading the Mind in the Eyes". People have to look at photos of actors' eyes, and then guess what emotion is being expressed in each. The test is considered a measure of empathy. Overall, study participants fared better on the test after reading literary fiction, versus the other three conditions.62It was a small improvement, according to the principal researcher David Comer Kidd, "It's not like taking people from a (grade) 'C' to an 'A'," he said. But, Kidd added, the effect was seen after only about 10 minutes' reading, and it was a statistically strong finding, meaning it's unlikely to have been due to chance.63"Literary" fiction has no hard-and-fast definition. So Kidd and his colleagues chose contemporary works that have won or been finalists for outstanding literary awards. They included "The Round House", by Louise Erdrich, "Salvage the Bones", by Jesmyn Ward and the short story "Corrie" by Alice Munro. And "popular" fiction included best-sellers like "Gone Girl" by Gillian Flynn, and Danielle Steel's "The Sins of the Mother".64What's so special about literary fiction? "For one, it's usually more focused on characters than on plot," Kidd noted. But beyond that, he said, there is usually no single "authoritative narrator" who takes us through the story. "It demands that the reader almost become a writer and fill in thegaps. You really have to think about the characters," Kidd said.65Oatley agreed. "Alice Munro doesn't tell you what to think," he said. "You, yourself, have to make inferences about characters. And that's often what we're doing in our real-life conversations." Or at least that's what people could do.66Reading literary fiction could also offer a way to "practice" your social skills and use them more in real life, according to another researcher not involved in the study. "It's like how pilots train in a flight simulator," said Raymond Mar, an associate professor of psychology at York University, in Toronto, who has collaborated with Oatley. "This is a great study," Mar said of the new study. But he added that the overall research in this area is "still in its infancy" and one key question is whether literary fiction really is better than other fiction.67Mar and his colleagues recently found that fans of romance novels tended to do best on tests of empathy. Unlike the current study, Mar's study did not test people after having them read different types of fiction. So it's possible that there is something else about romance-novel readers that makes them more understanding of others.68Still, according to Mar, it's too early to tell people to trade in their Danielle Steel for Alice Munro, at least if the goal is boosting empathy. 69It's also possible that plays, movies or even TV shows could build your empathy muscles, according to Kidd. But reading may be special, he said, because it provides no Visuals and you have to engage your imagination more.70Everyone agreed that the findings suggest literature is important beyond entertainment or improving vocabulary. "There's a common belief that reading literature is frivolous, or not practical," Mar said. "But there's a growing body of evidence that it's important in skills that we need in our lives."52、 Increase in immigration in Austria fails to improve locals' life mainly because of ______. (PASSAGE ONE.A. inadequate skills of immigrantsB. imperfect labor marketsC. low wages for localsD. the design of the welfare system53、 Who will favor the study results by researchers from the University of California? (PASSAGE ONE. ______A. People who have legal status.B. People who run businesses.C. People who receive state benefits.D. People who are willing to earn less.54、 It can be inferred from the passage that the author's attitude is ______ towards immigration. (PASSAGE ONE.A. cautiously favorableB. slightly negativeC. strongly negativeD. quite ambiguous55、 What does "she had a job to do" (Para.1) mean according to the context? (PASSAGE TWO) ______A. She had a regular job in the store.B. She wanted to ask for help.C. She wanted to buy a DVD.D. She was thinking of what to buy.56、 What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant? (PASSAGE TWO) ______A. The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies.B. The elderly woman liked movies for young children.C. The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked.D. The elderly woman liked both old and new movies.57、 In the passage the elderly woman's daughter is described as being ______. (PASSAGE TWO)A. impoliteB. uncaringC. naiveD. miserly58、 While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was ______. (PASSAGE TWO)A. hesitantB. indifferentC. frustratedD. patient59、 According to the new study, what kinds of books are likely to help people better understand others' feelings? (PASSAGE THREE. ______A. Science fiction.B. Romance novels.C. Literary fiction.D. Nonfiction.60、 Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the passage? (PASSAGE THREE. ______A. Oatley and his colleagues were involved in the new study.B. Mar and his team also tested people after reading fiction.C. Kidd and his team had people read prestigious fiction.D. Kidd and his team were uncertain about their study results.61、 Which of the following is NOT a special feature of literary fiction? (PASSAGE THREE. ______A. Presence of an authoritative narrator.B. More focus on character description.C. Demand on readers' ability to infer.D. Presence of readers' empathetic feelings.62、 SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.What does the statement "..., don't expect the taxpayer to bail you out." mean? (PASSAGE ONE.63、 Why did the shop assistant lead the elderly woman to find the DVD instead of finding it for her? (PASSAGE TWO)64、 What does the last sentence in Para. 16 imply about the daughter's attitude towards her mother? (PASSAGE TWO)65、 What are the two main advantages of reading literary fiction according to the passage? (PASSAGE THREE.66、 Why is reading special when compared with plays and movies? (PASSAGE THREE.PART Ⅵ WRITING67、Read carefully the following excerpt, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 WORDS, in which you should:1)summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then2)comment on Brewer's view that parents should join in with their kids rather than limit their media consumption.You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructionsconcept of "digital nutrition", likens mediadiets to what's on our plates: rather than counting calories(or screen time), think about what you'reeating."It's not just about whether you consume any potential digital junk foods, but also your relationshipto technology and the role it plays in your family life," saysBrewer.For young children, the most important thing is whether parentsand kids are playing, watching orbrowsing together.A study of 20,000 parents published late last year by theOxford Internet Institute and CardiffUniversity determined that there was no correlation betweenlimiting device use and children's well-being.The study's lead author Dr Andrew Pryzbylski said: "Our findingssuggest the broader family context,how parents set rules about digital screen time, and if they'reactively engaged in exploring the digitalworld together, are more important than the raw screen time.""The consensus is that screen time, in and of itself, is not harmful—and reasonable restrictionsvary greatly, depending on a child's behavior and personality.There is little point in worrying about howmany minutes a day your kids are spending with screens," saysBrewer. "Instead, parents should bedoing what they can to ensure that what they're watching, playingand reading is high-quality, age-appropriateand safe—and joining in wherever possible."答案:PART Ⅰ DICTATION1、[听力原文]SlangWe often use slang expressions when we talk, because they are so vivid and colorful. However, they are usually out of place in formal writing/because of a number of drawbacks. /They go out of date quickly/and become tiresome if used too much. /And they may communicate clearly to some readers, but not to others. /In general, we should avoid the use of slang in our writing./[解析] 听写话题与俚语相关：俚语丰富多彩、鲜活生动，人们经常使用，但是不适合正式的写作，且容易过时，不是所有人都能听懂俚语。
(完整版)2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案(第1套).docx
2019 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案（第 1 套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news reportto your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by yourStudent Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood.You shouldwrite at least 120 words but no more than180 words.【参考范文】On June 14, Friday, a volunteer activity where many students took anactive part in visiting the local Nursing House was organized by the StudentUnion and it turns out to be a big success.The activity was aimed at encouraging students to visit the elderly at theNursing House and help elderly people deal with their troubles both physicaland psychological. Many students volunteered to participate in this good deedand were engaged in helping the elderly here out by making their meals,washing their clothes and chatting with them. When asked about thosevolunteers ’ feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a smile, saying “ what a wonderful practice and I really appreciate thisexperience, for it makes me learn to care more for others in need.”All in all, the activity turns out to be a success not only for the visitedelderly but for those students involved.【参考范文译文】6 月 14 日，星期五，学生会组织了一个参观当地敬老院的志愿活动，许多学生都积极参与其中，该活动取得了巨大的成功。
2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案详解
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to writea short essay on the importance of writing ability and howto develop it. You should write at least 120 words but nomore than180 words.【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Put it another way, it is unlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, we will suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. In addition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us to attach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in our academic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions to develop this capability. For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read great books as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practicemakes perfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, we may develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or threequestions. Both the news report and then questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D）．Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.【参考答案】暂缺Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of thePacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s had air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’hearts and lungs are affected asa 28 .All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yieldminute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system.Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work”days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assistedB.collaboratingC.consequenceD.consumersE.creatingF.detailG.domesticH.frequentlyI.inhabitantsJ.innovationK.intendedL.outdoorM.pollutantsN.restrictedO.Sum【参考答案】.M pollutants . .N restricted .. C consequence . .J innovation .. F detail ..K intended ..L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.26. M pollutants . 解析：of前边是levels级别，等级的意思，of后应该是名词形式，翻译为_____的级别，根据文章首句说南加利福尼亚的雾霾是出了名的差可判断这篇文章关于坏境。
2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解(第一套)[听力音频]【圣才出品】
![2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解(第一套)[听力音频]【圣才出品】](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/a3a35b00284ac850ac024200.png)
2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第一套）[听力音频]PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your StudentUnion.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.【审题构思】本文讨论的话题是“发表在校报上的新闻报道”。
考生需要写一篇关于学生会组织学生参观当地农场的新闻报告。
考生需要对农场的情况进行基本阐述，突出该农场的特点，如现代化农业等，并与学生参观的过程相结合。
最后还需要描述学生的感受和该次活动的教育意义。
字数不少于120字，但不超过180字。
【参考范文】A Visit to New Hope Farm Opens Students’Eyes(1)April1st,2019,organized by the Student Union,50students visited New Hope Farm,the biggest farm in our town.(2)Wheat and corn are planted in different areas of New Hope farm,and it also has a vast green pasture land to sustain herds of dairy cows to produce milk and dairy products.(3)This is the first time,for most of our students,to see such a grand farmland with their own eyes,and they are deeply impressed by the wide use of modern agricultural technology.The farm has already mechanized most of the once toiling farm work.For instance,herbicide and pesticide are spread by drones instead of farmers,and the harvest of wheat is now done by machines.(4)Amanda,a student from the Department of Agronomy,said she was happy to see the automotive operation of farming,which is highly efficient.(5)From this visit,students get a deepened understanding of modern farming. It is a valuable experience for them regardless of whether they will enter the agricultural industry or not.【行文点评】(1)开门见山，回应题目，介绍新闻主要要素。
19专业四级真题及答案解析
专业四级真题及答案解析（一）TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORSTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2005)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN ]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [15 MIN ]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, Mr Johnson is NOT very strong inA. history.B. geography.C. mathematics.D. art.2. Mr Johnson thinks that _______ can help him a lot in the job.A. logicB. writingC. historyD. mathematics3. Mr Johnson would like to work as a(n)A. adviser.B. computer programmer.C. product designer.D. school teacher.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.4. What is the main purpose of the research?A. To make preparations for a new publication.B. To learn how couples spend their weekends.C. To know how housework is shared.D. To investigate what people do at the weekend.5. What does the man do on Fridays?A. He goes to exercise classes.B. He goes sailing.C. He goes to the cinema.D. He stays at home.6. On which day does the couple always go out?A. Friday.B. Saturday.C. Sunday.D. Any weekday.7. Which personal detail does the man give?A. Surname.B. First name.C. Address.D. Age.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. Parcel Express needs the following details about the sender EXCEPTA. name.B. address.C. receipt.D. phone number.9. Parcels must be left open mainly forA. customs’ check.B. security check.C. convenience’s sake.D. the company’s sake.10. The woman’s last inquiry is mainly concerned withA. the time needed for sending the parcel.B. the flight time to New York.C. the parcel destination.D. parcel collection.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.11. Where is the train to Nanjing now standing?A. At Platform 7.B. At Platform 8.C. At Platform 9.D. At Platform 13.12. Which train will now leave at 11:35?A. The train to Jinnan.B. The train to Zhengzhou.C. The train to Tianjin.D. The train to Hangzhou.13. Which train has now been cancelled?A. The train to Jinnan.B. The train to Zhengzhou.C. The train to Tianjin.D. The train to Hangzhou.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.14. The museum was built in memory of thoseA. who died in wars.B. who worked to help victims.C. who lost their families in disasters.D. who fought in wars.15. Henry Durant put forward the idea because heA. had once fought in a war in Italy.B. had been wounded in a war.C. had assisted in treating the wounded.D. had seen the casualties and cruelties of war.16. Which of the following statements about the symbols is INCORRECT?A. Both are used as the organization’s official symbols.B. Both are used regardless of religious significance.C. The red cross was the organization’s original symbol.D. The red crescent was later adopted for use in certain regions.17. How should cheerleading be viewed according to the passage?A. It is just a lot of cheering.B. It mainly involves yelling.C. It mainly involves dancing.D. It is competitive in nature.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.18. How do the cheerleaders perform their jobs?A. They set fireworks for their team.B. They put on athletic shows.C. They run around the spectators.D. They yell for people to buy drinks.19. Why do the cheerleaders sometimes suffer physical injuries?A. Because they try dangerous acts to catch people’s attention.B. Because they shout and yell so their voice becomes hoarse.C. Because they go to the pyramid and the hills to perform.D. Because they dance too much every day for practice.20. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The first cheerleaders was a man named John Campbell.B. Cheerleaders’ contests are only held at the state level.C. Before 1930 there were no women cheerleaders.D. The first cheerleading occurred in 1898.SECTION C NEWS BROAOCASTQuestions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.21. How many of the emigrants died after being thrown into the sea?A. 15 of them.B. 3 of them.C. 100 of them.D. Dozens of them.22. The illegal emigrants came fromA. Italy.B. Africa.C. the Mediterranean region.D. places unknown. Question 23 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.23. What does the news item mainly report?A. China will send three people into space in a week.B. Three Chinese astronauts will spend a week in space.C. The Shenzhou VI will be launched next year.D. Shenzhou V circled the earth for two days.Questions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.24. Which of the following had NOT been affected by the wildfires?A. Houses.B. Land.C. Skies.D. Cars.25. The fires were thought to have been startedA. purposefully.B. accidentally.C. on the Mexican border.D. in southern California.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.26. ________ ranks second among leading tourism nations.A. FranceB. The United StatesC. SpainD. Italy27. It is predicted that by 2020 China will receive _________ visitors.A. 77 millionB. 130 millionC. 36.8 millionD. 100 million28. According to a Xinhua report, last year saw a _________ per cent increase in the number of Chinese traveling abroad.A. 16.6B. 30C. 100D. 37Question 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.29. What would happen to the Argentine officers?A. They would be arrested by Spanish authorities.B. They would be tried in an Argentine court.C. They would be sent to Spain for trial.D. They would be tortured or murdered.30. What accusation would the Argentine officers face?A. Violation of human rights.B. Involvement in illegal actions.C. Planning anti-government activities.D. Being part of the military rule.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN. ]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.A person’s home is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on personality, most have in mind a(n) “(31) ______ home”. But in general, and especially for the student or new wage earners, there are practical (32) ________ of cash and location on achieving that idea.Cash (33) ________, in fact, often means that the only way of (34) _________ when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things (35) _________ financially. There are obvious (36) ________of living at home—personal laundry is usually (37) _________ done along with the family wash; meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to (38) _________. And there is (39) _________ the responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc. On the otherhand, (40) _________ depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family—(41) _________do you like them? Are you prepared to be (42) __________ when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot manage a(n) (43) _________, and that you finally have the money to leave, how do you (44) _________ finding somewhere else to live? If you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are (45) _________well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always (46) _________. If you are going to work in a (47) _________ area, again there are the papers—and the accommodation agencies, (48) _________ these should be approached with (49) _________. Agencies are allowed to charge a fee, usually the (50) ________ of the first week’s ren t, if you take accommodation they have found for you.31. A. ideal B. perfect C. imaginary D. satisfactory32. A. deficiencies B. weaknesses C. insufficiencies D. limitations33. A. cut B. shortage C. lack D. drain34. A. getting over B. getting in C. getting back D. getting along35. A. improve B. enhance C. develop D. proceed36. A. concerns B. issues C. advantages D. problems37. A. still B. always C. habitually D. consequently38. A. call in B. call over C. call upon D. call out39. A. always B. rarely C. little D. sometimes40. A. little B. enough C. many D. much41. A. and B. but C. still D. or42. A. tolerant B. hostile C. indifferent D. good-tempered43. A. agreement B. consensus C. compromise D. deal44. A. go about B. go over C. go in for D. go through45. A. seldom B. less C. probably D. certainly46. A. dependent B. a good source of informationC. of great valueD. reliable47. A. familiar B. cold C. humid D. new48. A. though B. while C. since D. as49. A. enthusiasm B. hesitation C. caution D. concern50. A. same B. equivalent C. equal D. similarityPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN ]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better thanI can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were52. _________, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.A. Although he is a socialistB. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialistD. Since he is a socialist53. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting.A. so as toB. such as toC. such toD. as much as to54. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came55. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be56. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home.A. some type ofB. some types of aC. some type of aD. some types of57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days.A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make58. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid.A. something butB. anything butC. nothing butD. not but59. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim.A. much more sportsmanB. more of a sportsmanC. more of sportsmanD. more a sportsman60. That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ________ strong actions against him.A. betrayed…takeB. had betrayed…tookC. has betrayed…tookD. has betrayed…take61. What’s the chance of ________ a general election this year?A. there beingB. there to beC. there beD. there going to be62. The meeting was put off because we __________ a meeting without John.A.objected havingB. were objected to havingC. objected to haveD. objected to having63. ________ you _______ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.A. If, hadB. Have, hadC. Should, haveD. In case, had64. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ________ that he paid me back the following week.A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if65. Children who stay away from school do ________ for different reasons.A. themB. /C. itD. theirs66. –Why are you staring?–I’ve never seen ______tree before.A. kind ofB. that kind ofC. such kindD. such67. There are still many problem ahead of us, but by his time next year we can see light at the end of the _________.A. battleB. dayC. roadD. tunnel68. We realized that he was under great _________, so we took no notice of his bad temper.A. excitementB. stressC. crisisD. nervousness69. The director tried to get the actors to _________ to the next scene by hand signals.A. move onB. move offC. move outD. move along70. His ideas are invariably condemned as ________ by his colleagues.A. imaginativeB. ingeniousC. impracticalD. theoretical71. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field.A. contradictB. reformC. counterD. protest72. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________.A. minorityB. scarcityC. rarityD. minimum73. Professor Johnson’s retirement ________ from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. puts into effect74. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending.A. financeB. expandC. enlargeD. budget75. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region.A. concentratedB. extensiveC. intenseD. intensive76. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.A. forbiddenB. rejectedC. excludedD. denied77. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________.A. pull backB. pull upC. pull throughD. pull out78. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s _________ rather than the company’s.A. benefitB. availabilityC. suitabilityD. convenience79. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church.A. markB. signalC. signD. gesture80. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it.A. lightlyB. sparselyC. hardlyD. rarelyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN ]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AIt was 1961 and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didn’t’ know enough to really care. My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy multi-family house in Detroit. We watched TV every night. The background noise of our lives was gunfire and horses hoofs from "Wagon Train" or "Cheyenne", and laughter from "I Love Lucy" or "Mister Ed", After supper, we' d sprawl on Mom' s bed ..and stare for hours at the tube.But one day Mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But she was much brighter and smarter than we boys knew at the time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned--books. So she came home one day, snapped off the TV, sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. "You boys are going to read two books every week," she said. "And you’re going to write me a report on what you read."We moaned and complained about how un fair it was. Besides, we didn’t have any books in the house other than Mom’s Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were: "I' Il drive you to the library."So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the children’s books. I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through them.The first book I read clear through was Chip the Dam Builder. It was about beavers. For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken me so far away from my surroundings as did this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home.It didn’t dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page.Soon I began to look forward to visiting this hushed sanctuary from my other world. I moved from animals to plants, and then to rocks. Between the covers of all those books were whole worlds, and I was free to go anywhere in them. Along the way a funny thing happened: I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldn’t wait to get home to my books.Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of paediatric neurosurgery at John Hopkins Children’s Centre in Baltimore. Sometimes I still can' t believe my life' s journey, from a failing and indifferent student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery.But I know when the journey began--the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her Oldsmobile for that drive to the library.81. We can learn from the beginning of the passage thatA. the author and his brother had done poorly in school.B. the author had been very concerned about his school work.C. the author had spent much time watching TV after school.D. the author had realized how important schooling was.82. Which of the following is NOT true about the author’s family?A. He came from a middle-class family.B. He came from a single-parent family.C. His mother worked as a cleaner.D. His mother had received little education.83. The mother was ________ to make her two sons switch to reading books.A. hesitantB. unpreparedC. reluctantD. determined84. How did the two boys feel about going to the library at first?A. They were afraid.B. They were reluctant.C. They were indifferent.D. They were eager to go.85. The author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT thatA. he began to see something in his mind.B. he could visualize what he read in his mind.C. he could go back to read the books again.D. he realized that books offered him new experience.TEXT BPredicting the future is always risky. But it's probably safe to say that at least a few historians will one day speak of the 20th century as America's “Disney era”. Today, it's certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that represents modern America as powerfully as the company that created Mickey Mouse. Globally, brands like Coca-Cola and McDonalds may be more widely-known, but neither encapsulates 20th-century America in quite the same way as Disney.The reasons for Disney's success are varied and numerous, but ultimately the credit belongs to one person — the man who created the cartoon and built the company from nothing, Walt Disney. Ironically, he could not draw particularly well. But he was a genius in plenty of other respects. In business, his greatest skills were his insight and his management ability. After setting himself up in Hollywood, he single-handedly pioneered the concepts of branding and merchandising — somethinghis company still does brilliantly today.But what really distinguished Disney was his ability to identify with his audiences. Disney always made sure his films championed the “little guy”, and made him feel proud to be American. This he achieved by creating characters that reflected the hopes and fears of ordinary people. Some celebrated American achievements —Disney's very first cartoon Plane Crazy, featuring a silent Mickey Mouse, was inspired by Charles Lindbergh's flight across the Atlantic. Others, like the There Little Pigs and Snow White and the Seven Dwarves, showed how, through hard work and helping one's fellow man or Americans could survive social and economic crises like the Great Depression.Disney's other great virtue was the fact that his company — unlike other big corporations —had a human face. His Hollywood studio —the public heard —operated just like a democracy, where everyone was on first name terms and had a say in how things should be run. He was also regarded as a great patriot because not only did his cartoons celebrate America, but, during World War II, studios made training films for American soldiers.The reality, of course, was less idyllic. As the public would later learn, Disney's patriotism had an unpleasant side. After a strike by cartoonists in 1941, he became convinced that Hollywood had been infiltrated by Communists. He agreed to work for the FBI as a mole, identifying and spying on colleagues whom he suspected were subversives.But, apart from his affiliations with the FBI, Disney was more or less the genuine article. A new book, The Magic Kingdom; Walt Disney and the American Way of Life, by Steven Watts, confirms that he was very definitely on the side of ordinary Americans — in the 30s and 40s he voted for Franklin Roosevelt, believing he was a champion of the workers. Also, Disney was not an apologist for the FBI, as some have suggested. In fact, he was always suspicious of large, bureaucratic organizations, as is evidenced in films like That Darned Cat, in which he portrayed FBI agents as bungling incompetents.By the time he died in 1966, Walt Disney was an icon like Thomas Edison and the Wright Brothers. To business people and filmmakers, he was a role model; to the public at large, he was “Uncle Walt”— the man who had entertained them all their lives, the man who represented them all their lives, the man who represented all that was good about America.86. Walt Disney is believed to possess the following abilities EXCEPTA. painting.B. creativityC. management.D. merchandising.87. According to the passage, what was the pleasant side of Disney’s patriotism?A. He sided with ordinary Americans in his films.B. He supported America’s war efforts in his own way.C. He had doubts about large, bureaucratic organizations.D. He voted for Franklin Roosevelt in the 30s and 40s.88. In the sixth pa ragraph the sentence “Disney was more or less the genuine article” means that ______.A. Disney was a creative and capable person.B. Disney once agreed to work for the FBI.C. Disney ran his company in a democratic way.D. Disney was sympathetic with ordinary people.89. The writer’s attitude toward Walt Disney can best be described asA. sympathetic.B. objective.C. critical.D. skeptical.TEXT CWhy do you listen to music? If you should put this question to a number of people, you might receive answers like these: “I like the beat of music”,“I look for attractive tunefulness”, “I am moved by the sound of choral singing”,“I listen to music for many reasons but I could not begin to describe them to you clearly.” Answers to this question would be many and diverse, yet almost no one would reply, “Music means nothing to me.” To most of us, music means something; it evokes some response. We obtain some satisfaction in listening to music.For many, the enjoyment of music does not remain at a standstill. We feel that we can get more satisfaction from the musical experience. We want to make closer contact with music in order to learn more of its nature; thus we can range more broadly and freely in the areas of musical style, form, and expression. This book explores ways of achieving these objectives. It deals, of course, with the techniques of music, but only in order to show how technique is directed toward expressive aims in music and toward the listener’s musical experience. In this way, we may get an idea of the composer’s intentions, for indeed, the composer uses every musi cal device for its power to communicate and for its contribution to the musical experience.Although everyone hears music differently, there is a common ground from which all musical experiences grow. That source is sound itself. Sound is the raw material of music. It makes up the body and substance of all musical activity. It is the point of departure in the musical experience.The kinds of sound that can be used for musical purposes are amazingly varied. Throughout the cultures of the world, East and West, a virtually limitless array of sounds has been employed in the service of musical expression. Listen to Oriental theatre music, then to an excerpt from a Wagner work; these two are worlds apart in their qualities of sound as well as in almost every other feature, yet each says something of importance to some listeners. Each can stir a listener and evoke a response in him. All music, whether it is the pulsation of primitive tribal drums or the complex coordination of voices and instruments in an opera, has this feature: it is based upon the power of sound to stir our senses and feelings.Yet sound alone is not music. Something has to happen to the sound. It must move forward in time. Everything that takes place musically involves the movement of sound. If we hear a series of drumbeats, we receive an impression of movement from one stroke to the next. When sounds follow each other in a pattern of melody, we receive an impression of movement from one tone to the next. All music moves; and because it moves, it is associated with a fundamental truth of existence and。
2019年英语专业四级真题及答案解析
2019年英语专业四级真题及答案解析(1/1)PART I DICTATION第1题Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided.Now, listen to the passage.SLANGWe often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________下一题(2~11/共10题)PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk.You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY.While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk.When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work. Revision of Essay DraftsThe initial revision should focus on the essay as a whole.The first step:【T1】______【T1】______- the rough draft—containing too little or too much material—discussing things unrelated to【T2】______【T2】______- how to revise—provide【T3】______to convince your readers 【T3】______—eliminate unrelated materialThe second step: revise for organization- group similar ideas in the proper order- produce an outline from the draft to check【T4】______【T4】______The third step: revise for length- mind the stated length- stick to【T5】______【T5】______Revise for【T6】______of the essay 【T6】______-【T7】______by breaking up some longer sentences 【T7】______- use short sentences to make important points- use long sentences to【T8】______【T8】______- eliminate【T9】______expressions 【T9】______- use fresh and interesting descriptions- write with【T10】______as much as possible 【T10】______- write in the active voicePlay00:0005:14Volume第2题【T1】第3题【T2】第4题【T3】第5题【T4】第6题【T5】第7题【T6】第8题【T7】第9题【T8】第10题【T9】第11题【T10】上一题下一题(12~16/共10题)SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations.At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY.After each question there will be a ten-second pause.During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now listen to the conversations.Play00:0003:51Volume第12题A.Writer.B.Wells.C.Writer Wells.D.Susan Writer Wells.第13题A.She was a career woman.B.She was then a feminist.C.She didn’t like he r maiden name.D.She took her husband’s surname.第14题A.She named herself after her profession.B.She named herself after her home town.C.She named herself after a day of the week.D.She named herself after the sculptor.第15题A.It gives women greater equality.B.It is a good solution to an old problem.C.The problem troubling feminists still remains.D.The surname problem has partly been solved.第16题A.History of surnames in America.B.Feminist movement in the 1960s.C.Traditional surnames in Europe.D.Reasons for inventing surnames.上一题下一题(17~21/共10题)SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations.At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY.After each question there will be a ten-second pause.During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now listen to the conversations.Play00:0003:60Volume第17题A.A reporter from a weekly program.B.An executive director from a company.C.A guest on a weekly program.D.A magazine editor from San Diego.第18题A.To prepare a list of things that you have done.B.To let your boss know that you want a pay rise.C.To let everybody know your achievement.D.To shamelessly promote yourself to your boss.第19题A.Because the boss has the data on your work.B.Because you will be given more work to do.C.Because it is unprofessional to do so.D.Because others may lose trust in you.第20题A.We could earn praise from our boss.B.We may forget the good things we’ve done.C.Things change quickly in work situations.D.The boss will review our performance data.第21题A.Websites.B.Radio programs.C.Research reports.ernment documents.上一题下一题(1/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第22题Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural pattern of organization than______.A.will other types of writingB.do other types of writingC.on other types of writingD.other types of writing上一题下一题(2/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第23题______the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A.If it not had been forB.If had it not been forC.Had it not been forD.Had not it been for上一题下一题(3/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第24题Members of the Parliament were poised______ahead with a bill to approve construction of the oil pipeline.A.to moveB.movingC.to movingD.at moving上一题下一题(4/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第25题Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinions that otherwise______abstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A.may remainB.could remainC.must have remainedD.might have remained上一题下一题(5/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第26题Protocol was______enabled him to make difficult decisions without ever looking back.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.that上一题下一题(6/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第27题The woman had persuaded him to do______he was hired never to do—reveal the combination for the lock on the entrance.A.one thingB.such one thingC.any one thingD.the one thing上一题下一题(7/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第28题The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous person______he choose to be.A.shouldB.couldC.mightD.must上一题下一题(8/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第29题"If not us, who? If not now, when?" These two questions are used as a______.A.sign of angerB.call for actionC.refusal to changeD.denial of commitment上一题下一题(9/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第30题What is the function of the present progressive in "They are always calling me by the wrong name"?A.To express unfavorable feelings.B.To alleviate unnecessary hostility.C.To indicate uncertainty.D.To dramatize a fact.上一题下一题(10/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第31题"Harry was compelled to resign and to come down to London, where he set up as an army coach. " The relative clause in the sentence serves to______.A.supply additional information about LondonB.describe the antecedent "London"C.put restrictions on the identity of HarryD.narrate a sequential action taken by Harry上一题下一题(11/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第32题A group______casinos has urged officials not to grant a license to a facility in the city.A.opposed toB.objected toC.posed againstD.protested against上一题下一题(12/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第33题After the war, he worked on an island in the Pacific, helping the natives and medical______understand each other’s behavior and cultures.A.facultyB.personsC.membersD.personnel上一题下一题(13/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第34题The subject of manners is complex. If it were not, there would not be so many______feelings and so much misunderstanding in international communication.A.injuriousB.injuredC.injuringD.injury上一题下一题(14/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第35题To illustrate the limits of First Amendment free speech, many have noted that the Constitution does not give you the right to falsely______" Fire!" in a crowded theater.A.yelpB.yankC.yellD.yield上一题下一题(15/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第36题The company announced that it has achieved its mission to create a local food economy that is ______to any environment.A.adoptableB.amendableC.alterableD.adaptable上一题下一题(16/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第37题Although Patterson acknowledges the disappointing season he had with the Vikings, he has nosecond______about how he went about his business.A.thoughtsB.opinionsC.concernsD.reasons上一题下一题(17/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第38题Electronic cigarettes should be subject______the same taxes and limitations on public use as traditional tobacco products.A.aboutB.atC.toD.on上一题下一题(18/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第39题FC Barcelona, ______the most iconic club in world soccer, beat Manchester United 2-0 to claim the UEFA Champions League title.A.controversiallyB.arguablyC.debatablyD.finally上一题下一题(19/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第40题The store sells liquid vitamins______designed for children under 3.A.explicitlyB.speciallyC.speculativelyD.specifically上一题下一题(20/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第41题The three law______officers on the plane came to the rescue of a fellow passenger who was allegedly trying to kill herself.A.enforcementB.reinforcementC.impositionD.coercion上一题下一题(42~51/共10题)PART ⅣCLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.The words can be used ONCE ONLY.Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.A. daydreamB. disagreementC. factuallyD. ifE. inevitableF. inseparableG. laysH. makingI. perspectiveJ. residesK. that L. thinking M. thoughtfully N. ultimately O. wakeTo some thinkers, it is machines and their development that drive economic and cultural change. This idea is referred to as technological determinism. Certainly there can be no doubt that machines contributed to the Protestant Reformation and the decline of the Catholic Church´s power in Europe or【C1】______ television has changed the way family members interact. Those who believe in technological determinism would argue that these changes in the cultural landscape were the 【C2】______result of new technology.But others see technology as more neutral and claim that the way people use technology is what gives it significance. This 【C3】______ accepts technology as one of many factors that shape economic and cultural change: technology´s influence is 【C4】______ determined by how much power it is given by the people and cultures that use it.This 【C5】______about the power of technology is at the heart of the controversy surrounding the new communication technologies. Are we more or less powerless in the 【C6】______of advances such as the Internet, the World Wide Web, and instant global audio and visual communication? If we are at the mercy of technology, the culture that surrounds us will not be of our 【C7】______, and the best we can hope to do is make our way reasonably well in a world outside our own control. But if these technologies are indeed neutral and their power 【C8】______in how we choose to use them, we can utilize them responsibly and 【C9】______to construct and maintain whatever kind of culture we want. As film director and technophile Steve Spielberg explained, "Technology can be our best friend, and technology can also be the biggest party pooper of our lives. It interrupts our own story, interrupts our ability to have a thought or 【C10】______, to imagine something wonderful. "第42题【C1】第43题【C2】第44题【C3】第45题【C4】第46题【C5】第47题【C6】第48题【C7】第49题【C8】第50题【C9】第51题【C10】上一题下一题(52~54/共10题)PART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions.For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.(1) Life can be tough for immigrants in America. As a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it, to find a good job "you have to be like a wolf in the forest—able to smell out the best meat. " And if you can´t find work, don´t expect the taxpayer to bail you out. Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hard for an able-bodied immigrant to live off the state. A law passed in 1996 explicitly bars most immigrants, even those with legal status, from receiving almost any federal benefits.(2) That is one reason why America absorbs immigrants better than many other rich countries, according to a new study by the University of California. The researchers sought to measure the effect of immigration on the native-born in 20 rich countries, taking into account differences in skills between immigrants and natives, imperfect labor markets and the size of the welfare state in each country.(3) Their results offer ammunition for fans of more open borders. In 19 out of 20 countries, the authors calculated that shutting the doors entirely to foreign workers would make the native-born worse off. Never mind what it would do to the immigrants themselves, who benefit far more than anyone else from being allowed to cross borders to find work.(4) The study also suggests that most countries could handle more immigration than they currently allow. In America, a one-percentage point increase in the proportion of immigrants in the population made the native-born 0.05% better off. The opposite was true in some countries with generous or ill-designed welfare states, however. A one-point rise in immigration made the native-born slightly worse off in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. In Belgium, immigrants who lose jobs can receive almost two-thirds of their most recent wage in state benefits, which must make the hunt for a new job less urgent.(5) None of these effects was large, but the study undermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from natives or drag down their wages. Many immigrants take jobs that Americans do not want, the study finds. This " smooths" the labor market and ultimately creates more jobs for locals. Native-owned grocery stores do better business because there are immigrants to pick the fruit they sell. Indian computer scientists help American software firms expand. A previous study found that because immigrants typically earn less than locals with similar skills, they boost corporate profits, prompting companies to grow and hire more locals.第52题Increase in immigration i n Austria fails to improve locals’ life mainly because of______.A.low wages for localsB.imperfect labor marketsC.the design of the welfare systemD.inadequate skills of immigrants第53题Who will favor the study results by researchers from the University of California?A.People who have legal status.B.People who run businesses.C.People who receive state benefits.D.People who are willing to earn less.第54题It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s attitude is______towards immig ration.A.cautiously favorableB.slightly negativeC.strongly negativeD.quite ambiguous上一题下一题(55~58/共10题)PART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions.For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.(1) There was something in the elderly woman´s behavior that caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in her gestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do.(2) It was a few years ago, and I had taken a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I´d begun to see the people rushing by outside in the mall´s concourse as a river of humanity.(3) The elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffing and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a leash, her mother would have been fastened to it as a means of tugging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers.(4) The older woman detached from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled on a crumpled piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit obscure. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality.(5) Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who´d passed away the previous Christmas.(6) As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.(7) We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she´d enjoyed when she was her son´s age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness, he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping her foot at the front of the store.(8) I escorted the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman´s turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she´d displayed earlier.(9) As the cashier tucked the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.(10) "Is that your mom?" I asked.(11) I halfway expected her to tell me it was none of my business. But possibly believing me to be tolerant of her impatience, she rolled her eyes and said, "Yeah. " There was exasperation in her reply, half sigh and half groan.(12) Still watching the mother, I said, "Mind some advice?"(13) "Sure," said the daughter.(14) I smiled to show her I wasn´t criticizing. "Cherish her," I said. And then I answered her curious expression by saying, "When she´s gone, it´s the little moments that´ll come back to you. Moments like this. I know. "(15) It was true. I missed my mom still and remembered with melancholy clarity the moments when I´d used my impatience to make her life miserable.(16) The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter´s custody. Together they made their way toward the store´s exit. They stood there for a moment, side by side, watching the rush of the holiday current and for their place in it. Then the daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother´s shoulders and gently guided her back into the crowds.第55题What does "she had a job to do" (Para. 1) mean according to the context?A.She had a regular job in the store.B.She was thinking of what to buy.C.She wanted to ask for help.D.She wanted to buy a DVD.第56题What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant?A.The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies.B.The elderly woman liked movies for young children.C.The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked.D.The elderly woman liked both old and new movies.第57题In the passage the elderly woman’s daughter is described as being______.A.impoliteB.uncaringC.naiveD.miserly第58题While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was______.A.hesitantB.indifferentC.frustratedD.patient上一题下一题(59~61/共10题)PART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions.For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.(1) Reading award-winning literature may boost your ability to read other people, a new study suggests. Researchers at the New School for Social Research, in New York City, found that when they had volunteers read works of acclaimed "literary fiction" , it seemed to temporarily improve their ability to interpret other people´s emotions. The same was not true of nonfiction or "popular" fiction, the mystery, romance and science-fiction books that often dominate bestseller lists.(2) Experts said the findings, reported online in Science, suggest that literature might help people to be more perceptive and engaged in their lives.(3) "Reading literary fiction isn´t just for passing the time. It´s not just an escape," said Keith Oatiey, a professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto. "It also enables us to better understand others, and then take that into our daily lives. "(4) Oatiey was not involved in the new research, but worked on some of the first studies to suggest that reading literature can boost people´s empathy for others. His team has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy on standard tests, but the same is not true of avid nonfiction fans.(5) But, the study by Oatiey and his team cannot prove that literature boosts empathy—empathetic folks may just be drawn to reading fiction, whereas the new study does offer some "cause-and-effect" evidence, Oatiey said. For the study, researchers set up a series of five experiments in which participants read either literary fiction, popular fiction, nonfiction or nothing at all before taking some standard tests. One of the tests is known as "Reading the Mind in the Eyes". People have to look at photos of actors´ eyes, and then guess what emotion is being expressed in each. The test is considered a measure of empathy. Overall, study participants fared better on the test after reading literary fiction, versus the other three conditions.(6) It was a small improvement, according to the principal researcher David Comer Kidd, "It´s not like taking people from a (grade) ´C´ to an ´A´ ," he said. But, Kidd added, the effect was seen after only about 10 minutes´ reading, and it was a statistically strong finding, meaning it´s unlikely to have been due to chance.(7) " Literary" fiction has no hard-and-fast definition. So Kidd and his colleagues chose contemporary works that have won or been finalists for outstanding literary awards. They。
2019年专业英语四级考试真题
You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.
Now, listen to the conversations.
Conversation One Questions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.
1. A. Writer. B. Wells. C. Writer Wells. D. Susan Writer Wells.
5. A. History of surnames in America. B. Feminist movement in the 1960s. C. Traditional surnames in Europe. D. Reasons for inventing surnames.
Conversation Two Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.
2019 年专业英语四级考试真题
PART I DICTATION
Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.
2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案(第3套)
2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a Hope elementary school organized by your Student Union.. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【参考范文】On the morning of June 1st, a group of volunteers from our university’s Student Union paid a visit to a Hope Primary School to help the children there have a happy Children’s Day.We arrived at this school at nine in the morning and the children welcomed us warmly. This volunteer activity mainly include three parts. In the first place, we introduced ourselves briefly, which helped us to know each other better. Additionally, we organized some recreational activities. For example, our talented volunteers taught those children to dance and sing. In the end, we gave the stationery prepared in advance to these lovely children.This volunteer activity was really impressive. It gave us an opportunity to experience a dif ferent life and we were really moved by the children’s enthusiasm.【参考译文】6月1日上午，我校学生会的部分志愿者参观了一所希望小学。
英语专业四级专四2019年真题及答案详解
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2019)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART I DICTATION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided. Now, listen to the passage.SLANGWe often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now, listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the conversations.特别说明：自本次考试起，听写部分的第一个句子已给出。
2019年英语专四真题及答案
2019年英语专业四级真题及答案III. 语言知识：11. ___B_____ combination of techniques authors use, all stories---from the briefest anecdotes to the longest novels ----have a plot.A. RegardingB. Whatever.C. In so far asD. No matter12. She followed the receptionist down a luxurious corridor to a closed door, ____B______ the women gave a quick knock before opening it..A. whereinB. on whichC. but whenD. then13. Ms Ennab is one of the first Palestinian ______C____ with seven years’ racing experience.A. woman driversB. women driverC. women driversD. woman driver14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.”The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___.A. past event for exact time referenceB. present event for tentativenessC. present event for uncertaintyD. past event for politeness15. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to ____D______.A. alleviate hostilityB. express unfavorable feelingsC. indicate uncertaintyD. make a suggestion16. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express __B_____.A obligationB disappointmentC future in the past D. tentativeness17. Timothy Ray Brown, the first man cured of HIV, initially opted against the stem cell transplantation that _____D______ history.A. could have later madeB. should have made laterC. might make laterD. would later make18. Some Martian rock structures look strikingly like structures on Earth that are known ___C___by microbes.A. having been createdB. being createdC. to have been createdD. to be created19. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as ______ if I ____A_______alone.A. would have been …had beenB. should be … had beenC. could be … wereD. might have been… were20. You must fire __C____ incompetent assistant of yoursA. theB. anC. thatD. whichever21. Some narratives seem more like plays, heavy with dialogue by which writers allow their__A___to reveal themselves.A. charactersB. characteristicsC. charisma D characterizations22. If you intend to melt the snow for drinking water, you can ___D_____ extra purity by running it through a coffee filter.A. assureB. insureC. reassureD. ensure23. The daisy-like flowers of chamomile have been used for centuries to ___B____anxiety and insomnia.A. declineB. relieve C quench D suppress24. Despite concern about the disappearance of the album in popular music, 2014 delivered a great crop of album ___C_______.A. publications B appearances C. releases D. presentations25. The party’s reduced vote in the general election was ___C______of lack of support for its policies.A. revealingB. confirmingC. indicativeD. evident26. He closed his eyes and held the two versions of La Mappa to his mind’s __B______ to analyze their differences.A. vision B eye C. view D. sightlunchtime.A. criticallyB. enormouslyC. greatlyD. hard28. A 15-year-old girl has been arrested ___C_____ accusations of using Instagram to anonymously threaten her high-school.A. overB. withC. onD. for29. It was reported that a 73-year-old man died on an Etihad flight __D______to Germany from Abu Dhabi.A. boundedB. bindedC. boundaryD. bound30. It’s ____B_____ the case in the region; a story always sounds clear enough at a distanced, but the nearer you get to the scene of events the vaguer it becomes.A. unchangeablyB. invariablyC. unalterablyD. immovablyIV. 完形填空：A. alwaysB. barelyC. demiseD. emergenceE. gainedF. implicationsG. leafH. lostI. naturallyJ. objectK. oneL. onlineM. risingN. singleO. valueMILLIONS of people now rent their movies the Netflix way. They fill out a wish list from the 50,000 titles on the company's Web site and receive the first few DVD's in the mail; when theymail each one back, the next one on the list is sent. The Netflix model has been exhaustively analyzed for its disruptive, new-economy（31）implications. What will it mean for video stores like Blockbuster, which has, in fact, started a similar service? What will it mean for movie studios and theaters? What does it show about "long tail" businesses -- ones that combine many niche markets, like those for Dutch movies or classic musicals, into a (32)single large audience? But one other major implication has (33)barely been mentioned: what this and similar Internet-based businesses mean for that stalwart of the old economy, the United States Postal Service.Every day, some two million Netflix envelopes come and go as first-class mail. They are joined by millions of other shipments from（34）online pharmacies, eBay vendors, and other businesses that did not exist before the Internet.The（35）demise of "snail mail" in the age of instant electronic communication has been predicted at least as often as the coming of the paperless office. But the consumption of paper keeps （36）rising. It has roughly doubled since 1980. On average, an American household receives twice as many pieces of mail a day as it did in the 1970's.The harmful side of the Internet's impact is obvious but statistically less important than many would guess. People (37) naturally write fewer letters when they can send e-mail messages. To (38) leaf through a box of old paper correspondence is to know what has been _(39) lost i n this shift: the pretty stamps, the varying look and feel of handwritten and typed correspondence, the tangible (40) object that was once in the sender's hands.V. Reading comprehensionSection APassage one（1）When I was a young girl living in Ireland, I was always pleased when it rained, because that meant I could go treasure hunting. What’s the connection between a wet day and a search for buried treasure? Well, it’s quite simple. Ireland, as some of you may already know, is the home of Leprechauns – little men who possess magic powers and, perhaps more interestingly, pots of gold.（2）Now, although Leprechauns are interesting characters, I have to admit that I was more intrigued by the stories of their treasure hoard. This, as all of Ireland knows, they hide at the end of the rainbow. Leprechauns can be fearsome folk but if you can discover the end of the rainbow, they have to unwillingly surrender their gold to you. So whenever it rained, I would look up in the sky and follow the curve of the rainbow to see where it ended. I never did unearth any treasure, but I did spend many happy, showery days dreaming of what I could do with the fortune if I found it.（3）As I got older, and started working, rainy days came to be just another nuisance and my childhood dreams of finding treasure faded. But for some people the dream of striking it lucky never fades, and for a fortunate few, the dream even comes true! Such is the case of Mel Fisher. His dream of finding treasure also began in childhood, while reading the great literature classics “Treasure Island” and “Moby Dick”. However, unlike myself, he chased his dream and in the end managed to become one of the most famous professional treasure hunters of all time, and for good reason. In 1985, he fished up the priceless cargo of the sunken Spanish ship Atocha, which netted him an incredible $400 million dollars!（4）After the ship sank in 1622 off the coast of Florida, its murky waters became a treasure tro ve of precious stones, gold bars and silver coins known as “pieces of eight”. The aptly-named Fisher, who ran a commercial salvaging operation, had been trying to locate the underwater treasure for over 16 years when he finally hit the jackpot! His dreams had come true but finding and keeping the treasure wasn’t all plain sailing. After battling with hostile conditions at sea, Fisher then had to battle in the courts. In fact, the State of Florida took Fisher to court over ownership of the find and the Federal government soon followed suit. After more than 200 hearings, Fisher agreed to donate 20% of his yearly findings for public display, and so now there is a museum in Florida which displays hundreds of the objects which were salvaged from the Atocha.（5）This true story seems like a modern-day fairytale: a man pursues his dream through adversity and in the end, he triumphs over the difficulties - they all live happily ever after, right? Well, not exactly. Archaeologists object to the fact that with commercial salvaging operations like Fisher’s, the objects are sold and dispersed and UNESCO are worried about protecting our underwater heritage from what it describes as “pillaging”.（6）The counter-argument is that in professional, well-run operations such as Fis her’s, each piece is accurately and minutely recorded and that it is this information which is more important than the actual object, and that such operations help increase our wealth of archaeological knowledge. Indeed, as in Fisher’s case, they make hist ory more accessible to people through museum donations and information on web sites.（7）The distinction of whether these treasure hunters are salvaging or pillaging our underwater heritage may not be clear, but what is clear is that treasure hunting is not just innocent child’s play anymore but profitable big business. I have learnt that the end of the rainbow is beyond my reach, but in consolation, with just a click of the mouse, I too can have a share in the riches that the Atocha has revealed. As Friedrich Nietzsche so wisely said: “Our treasure lies in the beehive of our knowledge.”41. In Para.4, the phrase “hit the jackpot” means ______according to the text.A. discovered the jackpot.B. found the treasureC. broke one of the objectsD. ran a salvaging operation42. It can be concluded from Paras. 5 and 6 that _________.A. people hold entirely different views on the issueB. UNESCO’s view is different from archaeologists’C. all salvaging operations should be prohibitedD. attention should be paid to the find’s educational value43. How did the author feel about the treasure from the Atocha (Para. 7)?A. She was unconcerned about where the treasure came fromB. She was sad that she was unable to discover and salvage treasure.C. She was angry that treasure hunters were pillaging heritage.D. She was glad that people can have a chance to see the treasure.Passage two（1）PAUL was dissatisfied with himself and with everything. The deepest of his love belonged to his mother. When he felt he had hurt her, or wounded his love for her, he could not bear it. Now it was spring, and there was battle between him and Miriam. This year he had a good deal against her. She was vaguely aware of it. The old feeling that she was to be a sacrifice to this love, which she had had when she prayed, was mingled in all her emotions. She did not at the bottom believe she ever would have him. She did not believe in herself primarily: doubted whether she could ever be what he would demand of her. Certainly she never saw herself living happily through a lifetime with him. She saw tragedy, sorrow, and sacrifice ahead. And in sacrifice she was proud, in renunciation she was strong, for she did not trust herself to support everyday life. She was prepared for the big things and the deep things, like tragedy. It was the sufficiency of the small day-life she could not trust.（2）The Easter holidays began happily. Paul was his own frank self. Yet she felt it would go wrong. On the Sunday afternoon she stood at her bedroom window, looking across at the oak-trees of the wood, in whose branches a twilight was tangled, below the bright sky of the afternoon. Grey-green rosettes of honeysuckle leaves hung before the window, some already, she fancied, showing bud. It was spring, which she loved and dreaded.（3）Hearing the clack of the gate she stood in suspense. It was a bright grey day. Paul came into the yard with his bicycle, which glittered as he walked. Usually he rang his bell and laughed towards the house. To-day he walked with shut lips and cold, cruel bearing, that had something of a slouch and a sneer in it. She knew him well by now, and could tell from that keen-looking, aloof young body of his what was happening inside him. There was a cold correctness in the way he put his bicycle in its place, that made her heart sink.（4）She came downstairs nervously. She was wearing a new net blouse that she thought became her. It had a high collar with a tiny ruff, making her, she thought, look wonderfully a woman, and dignified. At twenty she was full-breasted and luxuriously formed. Her face was still like a soft rich mask, unchangeable. But her eyes, once lifted, were wonderful. She was afraid of him. He would notice her new blouse.（5）He, being in a hard, ironical mood, was entertaining the family to a description of a service given in the Primitive Methodist Chapel. He sat at the head of the table, his mobile face, with the eyes that could be so beautiful, shining with tenderness or dancing with laughter, now taking onone expression and then another, in imitation of various people he was mocking. His mockery always hurt her; it was too near the reality. He was too clever and cruel. She felt that when his eyes were like this, hard with mocking hate, he would spare neither himself nor anybody else. But Mrs. Leivers was wiping her eyes with laughter, and Mr. Leivers, just awake from his Sunday nap, was rubbing his head in amusement. The three brothers sat with ruffled, sleepy appearance in their shirt-sleeves, giving a guffaw from time to time. The whole family loved a "take-off" more than anything.44. It can be learned from the beginning that Mariam’s attitude toward love between her and Paul is ________.A. indifferentB. desperateC. pessimisticD. ambiguous45. The narration in Para. 3 tells us that Miriam had all the following feelings except _______.A.delightB. expectationC. uncertaintyD. forebearing46. Which of the following statements is correct about the family’s response to Paul’s mockery?A. Only the parents found it entertaining.B. Every member except Marriam was amusedC. The brothers found it hard to appreciate.D. Mariam also thought it was amusingPassage three（1）I’ve written this article and you’re reading it. So we are members of the same club. We’re both literate – we can read and write. And we both probably feel that literacy is essential to our lives. But millions of people all over the world are illiterate. Even in industrialised western countries, such as the UK and the USA, approximately 20% of the population have 'low literacy levels'. But what exactly does that mean?（2）My parents both left school at 14. They could read and write, but except for a quick look at the daily newspaper, reading and writing didn't play a big part in their lives. There were very few books in the house. My mother was amazed because the woman who lived next door always wrote a list of what she needed before she went to the supermarket. Why couldn't she remember? We laughed about that for weeks. Our family didn't write lists! And when I was only 14 years old my father gave me an important letter that he'd written to the bank and asked me to check it forgrammar and spelling mistakes. And there were quite a lot. He never usually wrote letters or postcards or even Christmas cards. So when he had to write he wasn't comfortable or confident. Does that mean that my father had a 'low level of literacy'? I don't think so.（3）There are lots of different definitions of literacy. Some experts define it as having the reading and writing skills that you need to be independent in your everyday life. So, for example, if you can read instructions, write a cheque, fill in a form, –anything that you need to do in everyday life – then you are 'functionally literate'.（4）Other people say that you are illiterate if you think that you are illiterate. In other words, if you feel that you can't read or write as well as you would like to.（5）If you live in a society where most people are literate then you will feel ashamed or embarrassed and avoid situations in which you have to read or write. The father of a friend of mine finally admitted to his family that he couldn't read when he was 45 years old. He bought the newspaper every day and pretended to read it - and believe it or not, his family had no idea.（6）We often forget that writing is a recent invention. Many years ago, the word 'literate' meant being able to communicate well in speaking, in other words what we now call 'articulate'. Story telling was an important activity in the past and still is today in some societies. Reading was often a co-operative activity – someone would read aloud to a group, often from a religious text such as the Koran or the Bible.（7）Only a hundred years ago, in the United States, you were considered to be literate if you could sign your name to a piece of paper. It was an important skill. You were not allowed to vote if you couldn't sign the voting register, so literacy was connected with political rights, and many people were excluded from the democratic process.（8）Nowadays we see reading and writing as being connected, but that wasn't so in the past. Many people could read, but not write. Writing was a skilled profession. If you needed something written then you paid an expert to write it for you.（9）And of course, rich and important people have always employed people to write things for them. Important company bosses dictated letters to their secretaries or personal assistants. And now with new computer software you can dictate directly to your computer.（10）Being illiterate can have a big effect on people's lives. For example, a study in the UK showed that people who write and spell badly are seen as careless, immature and unreliable, andoften unintelligent. So it is more difficult for them to find jobs, even when reading and writing are not necessary for the work.（11）World-wide statistics show that literacy problems are associated with poverty and a lack of political power. More women than men are illiterate. Illiterate people have worse health, bigger families and are more likely to go to prison. So literacy campaigns must be a good thing. But don't forget that an illiterate person, or someone with a low level of literacy, isn't necessarily stupid or ignorant – and may not be unhappy at all. Knowledge and wisdom isn't only found in writing.47. Why does the author give two examples in Para 2?A. To show that literacy is interpreted in different ways.B. To show that Father was more literate than Mother.C. To indicate how important reading and writing are.D. To compare the level of literacy between neighbours.48. According to the author, the following are some of the defining features of literacy EXCETT________.A. psyhchologicalB. functionalC. socialD. independent49. Which of the following statements about reading and writing is CORRECT?A. Reading and writing have always been regarded as equally difficult.B. People had to read and write well in order to be allowed to vote.C. Reading often requires more immediate interaction than writing.D. Reading and writing have always been viewed as being connected.50. What do the last two paragraphs mainly focus on ?A. Effects of illiteracy and employment problems.B. Effects of illiteracy and associated problems.C. Effects of illiteracy on one’s personality development.D. Effects of illiteracy on women’s career development.Section B. Short answer questions. (Answer each question with no more than ten words) Passage one.51. what does This in Para. 2 refer to?It refers to the treasure hoard of Leprechauns.52. Why did Fisher have to battle in the courts after he found the treasure (Para. 4)?Because he was sued over ownership of the treasure.Passage two.53.Why did Mariam wear a new net blouse on Sunday afternoon?Because she wanted to attract Paul’s attention.54. What is the meaning of the sentence “…he would spare neither himself nor anybody else” in Para. 5?Everyone, including himself, would become the targets of his mockery.Passage three.55. Explain the meaning of the last sentence of Para. 11 according to the context.Illiterate people may also have knowledge and wisdom.。
英语专业四级专四2019年真题详细解析
2019年英语专业四级真题及详解[听力音频]TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2019)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART Ⅰ DICTA TION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.SLANGWe often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful. __________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】SLANGWe often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful. ①However, they are usually out of place in formal writing because of a number of drawbacks. ②They go out of date quickly and become tiresome if used too much. ③And they may communicate clearly to some readers but not to others. ④In general, we should avoid the use of slang in our writing. 【难点点评】（1）句①中，drawback 意为“缺点”，注意名词复数。
2019年大学英语四级真题试卷及答案
2019年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)Part I Writing (25 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact shouldwrite at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)！Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Boththe news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2019年6月大学英语四级真题及解析(第三套)
2019年6月大学英语四级真题及解析（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 80 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：由于2019年6月四级考试听力一共有两套，第一和第二套已经分别列举了。
本套听力选取内容与第一套相同。
Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】News Report One九岁男孩泳渡恶魔岛创纪录A 9-vear-old Central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back.A California television station in Fresno reported Tuesday that James Savage set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison. The TV station reported that by completing the swim, the fourth-grade student from Los Banos broke a record previously held by a 10-year-old boy.James said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into his swim made him want to give up. His father said he had offered his son $ 100 as a reward; to encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to $ 200.James pushed forward, making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than two hours. Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland. Questions I and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A. He visited a prison located on a faraway island.B. He swam around an island near San Francisco.C. He celebrated his ninth birthday on a small island.D. He set a record by swimming to and from an island.2. A. He set him an example. B. He doubled the reward.C. He had the event covered on TV.D. He cheered him on all the way.【听力原文】News Report Two晚婚假取消On 1 January, new regulations will come into effect which eliminate an annual leave bonus for people who put off marrying until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men, the South China morning post reports.The holiday bonus was designed to encourage young people to delay getting married in linewith China's one-child policy. But with that policy now being abolished，this holiday incentive is no longer necessary, the government says.In Shanghai，a young couple at a marriage registration office told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy because an extra holiday was a big deal for them. In Beijing，one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the changes were announced. rather than the usual number of between 70 and 80.But one lawyer tells the paper that the changes still have to be adopted by local governments and these procedures take time. So people who are rushing to register for marriage can relax. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A. To give people more time to travel.B. To increase working efficiency.C. To encourage late marriage.D. To end the one-child policy4. A. They will not come into immediate effect.B. They will boost China's economic growth.C. They will help to popularize early marriage.D. They will not be welcomed by young people.【听力原文】News Report Three醉后清晨女佣服务公司Everyone loves a good house party，but the cleaning-up the next morning isn't as enjoyable. Now, however, a New Zealand-based startup company aims to bring messy homes-and even splitting headaches-back to normal.The properly named startup Morning-After Maids, was launched about a month ago in Auckland by roommates Rebecca Foley and Catherine Ashurst. Aside from cleaning-up，he two will also cook breakfast，and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merrymakers. Although they are both gainfully employed，they fit cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends，which is when their service is in most demand anyway.Besides being flooded with requests from across the country, Foley and Ashurst have also received requests from the U.S. and Canada to provide services there. They are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A. Cleaning service in great demand all over the world.B. A new company to clean up the mess after parties.C. Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.D. Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends6. A. It leaves the house in a mess.B. It takes a lot of time to prepare.C. It makes party goers exhausted.D. It creates noise and misconduct.7. A. Visit the U.S. and Canada.B. Hire an Australian lawyer.C. Expand their business.D. Settle a legal dispute.Section B ConversationDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】Conversation One驾照考试W: Kyle, how did your driver's theory exam go? It was yesterday, right?M: Yes, I prepared as much as I could，but I was so nervous since it was my second try. The people who worked at the test center were very kind though. We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit, and that was just what I needed. Then, after the exam, they printed out my result, but I was afraid to open it until I was outside, it was such a relief to pass.W: Congratulations. I knew you could do it! I guess you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time, didn't you? I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared. But good job in passing the second time. I'm so proud of you. Now all you have to do next is your road test. Have you had any lessons yet?M: Yes，thanks，I'm so happy to be actually on the road now. I've only had two driving lessons so far, and my instructor is very understanding, so I'm really enjoying it. And I can't wait for my next session. Although the lessons are rather expensive, 20pounds an hour，and the instructor says I'll need about 30 to 40 lessons in total that's what-six to eight hundred pounds. So this time I'll need to make a lot more effort and hopefully will be successful the first time.W: Well, good luck.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A. He passed the driver's road test.B. He took the driver's theory exam.C. He got his driver's license.D. He had a driving lesson.9. A. He was not well prepared.B. He was not used to the test formatC. He did not get to the exam in time.D. He did not follow the test procedure.10. A. They are too short. B. They are tough.C. They are costly.D. They are helpful.11. A. Earn enough money for driving lessons.B. Find an experienced driving instructor.C. Test-drive a few times on highways.D. Pass his road test the first time.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.【听力原文】Conversation Two去英国读书M: Emma，I got accepted to the University of Leeds. Since you're going to university in England, do you know how much it is for international students to study there?W: Congratulations. Yes, I believe for international students you'll have to pay around thirteen thousand pounds a year. It's just a bit more than the local students.M: OK. So that's about seventeen thousand dollars for the tuition and fees. Anyway I'm only going to be there for a year, doing my master's. So it's pretty good. If I stayed in the US, it'd take two years and cost at least fifty thousand dollars in tuition alone. Also, I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leeds which would be pretty awesome. The benefits of being a music genius.W: Yeah. I heard you're a talented piano player. So you're doing a postgraduate degree now. I'm still in my last year, graduating next June. Finally I'll be done with my studies and could go on to earning loads of money.M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money in that job then.12. A. The acceptance rate at Leeds. B. Where the woman studies.C. How to apply for studies at a university.D. Leed's tuition for international students.13. A. Pursue postgraduate studies. B. Do research on higher education.C. Apply to an American university.D. Perform in a famous musical14. A. His unique experience. B. His academic excellence.C. His outstanding musical talent.D. His favorable recommendations.15. A. Travel widely. B. Teach overseas.C. Do a master's degree.D. Settle down in England.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】Passage One预防蚁害Scientists have identified thousands of known ant species around the world-and only a few of them bug humans.Most ants live in the woods or out in nature. There, they keep other creatures in check, distribute seeds, and clean dead and decaying materials from the ground.A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans. But those are incredibly challenging to control.They are small enough to easily slip inside your house, live in colonies that number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands, and reproduce quickly. That makes them good at getting in，and hard to kick out.Once they settle in, these insects start affecting your home. In addition to biting ants, other species can cause different kinds of damage. Some, like carpenter ants, can undermine a home structure, while others interfere with electrical units.Unfortunately, our homes are very attractive to ants, because they provide everything the colony needs to survive, such as food, water, and shelter so how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes?Most important of all，avoid giving ants any access to food, particularly sugary food, because ants have a sweet tooth. We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur and store food in airtight containers. Even garbage attracts ants, so empty your trash as often as possible, and store your outside garbage in a lidded can, well away from doors and windows.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. Many species remain unknown to scientists.B. Only a few species cause trouble to humans.C. They help farmers keep diseases in check.D. They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.17. A. They like to form colonies in electrical units.B. They can survive a long time without water.C. They can cause damage to people's homes.D. They are larger than many other species.18. A. Refrain from eating sugary food. B. Destroy their colonies close by.C. Keep doors and windows shut.D. Deny them access to any food.【听力原文】Passage Two改善老年人健康状况My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. So the job of the immune system is to fight infections. It also protects us from viruses and from auto-immune diseases.We know that as we get older，it's easier for us to get infections. So older adults have more chances of falling ill. This is evidence that our immune system really doesn't function so well when we age.In most of our work when we're looking at older adults who've got an illness，we always have to have healthy controls. So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called "The 1000 Elders". These volunteers are all 65 or over but in good health. They come to the university to provide us with blood samples, to be interviewed, and to help us carry out a whole range of research.The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age. At the moment we’reliving much longer. Life expectancy is increasing at two years for every decade. That means an extra five hours a day. I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age and that they're not spending time in hospital with infections, feeling unwell and being generally weak. We want people to be healthy even when they are old.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A. The function of the human immune system.B. The cause of various auto-immune diseases.C. The change in people's immune system as they get older.D. The viruses that may infect the human immune system.20. A. Offer blood samples. B. Help to interview patients.C. Act as research assistants.D. Report their illnesses.21. A. Strengthening people's immunity to infection.B. Better understanding patients' immune system.C. Further reducing old patients' medical expenses.D. Helping improve old people's health conditions.【听力原文】Passage Three基利普小学的象棋队When Ted Komada started teaching 14 years ago at Killip Elementary，he didn't know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with students. He noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kids would get together to play chess."I know how to play chess. Let me go and show these kids how to do it，"he saidNow Komada coaches the school's chess team. The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school.And this week，dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of chess. The competition only happens every four years and the last time the team went, they won the third place in the nation.Komada says chess gives him and his students control. The school has the highest number of kids from low income families. Police frequent the area day and night，as two months ago, a young man was shot just down the street.Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it. The lessons prove valuable outside the classroom as well. Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world. Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A. A group of kids were playing chess after school.B. His students were struggling to follow his lessons.C. A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework.D. His students had trouble getting on with each other.23. A. Join the school's chess team.B. Visit a chess team in Nashville.C. Receive training for a chess competition.D. Participate in a national chess competition.24. A. Many have become national chess champions.B. Most of them come from low-income families.C. A couple of them have got involved in crimes.D. Many became chess coaches after graduation.25. A. Think twice before taking action. B. Actions speak louder than words.C. Take action before it gets too late.D. Translate their words into action.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter: Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passageShips are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs（暗礁）perfect for scuba diving（水肺式潜泳）and preserving marine 26 .Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300.The hollowed-out A300 was 27 of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area.The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters，where experienced scuba divers will 30 be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's 31 Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US $100，000，but they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest 34 sunk aircraft ever.Taking a trip underwater and 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise（天堂）.A. createB. depressedC. eventuallyD. experiencesE. exploringF. exteriorG. habitatsH. innovateI. intentionallyJ. investmentK. revealing L. stretches M. stripped N. territory O. victimSection BDirections：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter：Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100A) We've always been a hands-on, do it-yourself kind of nation. Ben Franklin, one of America'sfounding fathers, didn't just invent the lightning rod. His creations include glasses, innovative stoves and more.B) Franklin, who was largely self-taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't really anexception when it comes to American making and creativity.C) The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of Silicon Valleygrew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Club, which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members-including guys named Jobs and Wozniak-started making and inventing things they couldn't buy.D) So it's no surprise that the Maker Movement today is thriving in communities and someschools across America. Making is available to ordinary people who aren't tied to big companies, big defense labs or research universities. The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently.E) These maker spaces are often outside of classrooms, and are serving an important educationalfunction. The Maker Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and a lot of the practices that they pioneered that have been forgotten or at least put aside. A maker space is a place which can be in a school, but it doesn't look like a classroom. It can be in a library. It can be out in the community. It has tools and materials. It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you, re learning to do.F) Ideas about learning by doing have struggled to become mainstream educationally, despitebeing old concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and Aristotle, and in the American context, Ralph Emerson, on the value of experience and self-reliance. It's not necessarily an efficient way to learn We learn, in a sense, by trial and error. Learning from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized. If your goal is to have standardized approaches to learning, where everybody learns the same thing at the same time in the same way, then learning by doing doesn't really fit that mold anymore. It's not the world of textbooks. It's not the world of testing.G) Learning by doing may not be efficient, but it is effective. Project-based learning has grown inpopularity with teachers and administrators. However, project-based learning is not making Although there is a connection，there is also a distinction. The difference lies in whether the project is in a sense defined and developed by the student or whether it's assigned by a teacher.We'll all get the kids to build a small boat. We are all going to learn about X.Y, and Z. That tends to be one form of project-based learning.H) I really believe the core idea of making is to have an idea within your head-or you just borrowit from someone-and begin to develop it, repeat it and improve it. Then, realize that idea somehow. That thing that you make is valuable to you and you can share it with others.I'm interested in how these things are expressions of that person，theirideas，and their interactions with the world.I) In some ways, a lot of forms of making in school trivialize（使变得无足轻重）making. Thething that you make has no value to you. Once you are done demonstrating whatever concept was in the; textbook，you throw away the pipe cleaners, the straws, the cardboard tubes.J) Making should be student-directed and student-led, otherwise it's boring. It doesn't have the motivation of the student. I'm not saying that students should not learn concepts or not learn skills. They do. But to really harness their motivation is to build upon their interest. It's to let them be in control and to drive the car K）Teachers should aim to build a supportive, creative environment for students to do this work. A very social environment，where they are learning from each other. When they have a problem, it isn't the teacher necessarily coming in to solve it. They are responsible for working through that problem. It might be they have to talk to other students in the class to help get an answer.L) The teacher's role is more of a coach or observer. Sometimes，to people, it sounds like this is a diminished role for teachers. I think it's a heightened role. You're creating this environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids doing different things. You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you're looking at. Are they engaged? Are they developing and repeating their project? Are they stumbling（受挫）? Do they need something that they don't have? Can you help them be aware of where they are?M) My belief is that the goal of making is not to get every kid to be hands-on, but it enables us to be good learners. It's not the knowledge that is valuable: it's the practice of learning new things and understanding how things work. These are processes that you are developing so that you are able. over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems-problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.N) If teachers keep it form-free and student-led. it can still be tied to a curriculum and an educational plan. I think a maker space is more like a library in that there are multiple subjects and multiple things that you can learn. What seems to be missing in school is how these subjects integrate, how they fit t together in any meaningful way. Rather than saying, "This is science, over here is history." I see schools taking this idea of projects and looking at: How do they support children in higher level learning?O) I feel like this is a shift away from a subject matter-based curriculum to a more experiential curriculum or learning. It's still in its early stages, but I think it's shifting around not what kids learn, but how they learn.36. A maker space is where people make things according to their personal interests37. The teachers, role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to monitor and facilitate duringthe process.38. Coming up with an idea of one's own or improving one from others is key to the concept ofmaking.39. Contrary to structured learning, learning by doing is highly individualized.40. America is a nation known for the idea of making things by oneself.41. Making will be boring unless students are able to take charge.42. Making can be related to a project, but it is created and carried out by students themselves.43. The author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker space into a school curriculum.44. The maker concept is a modern version of some ancient philosophical ideas.45. Making is not taken seriously in school when students are asked to make somethingmeaningless to them based on textbooks.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls. But it might be time to unlearn that training-this summer, a group of culture addicts，artists and community organizers are inviting New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor's Island.The project is called Writing On It All, and it's a participatory writing project and artistic experiment that has happened on Governor's Island every summer since 2013."Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island for other reasons，or they just kind of happen to be there, " Alexandra Chasin, artistic director of Writing On It All, tells Smithsonian, com.The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by everyone from dancers to domestic workers. Each session has a theme, and participants are given a variety of materials and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art. This year, the programs range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one that explores the meaning of exile.Governor's Island is a national historic landmark district long used for military purposes. Now known as "New York's shared space for art and play." the island, which lies between Manhattan and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay, is closed to cars but open to summer tourists who flock for festivals. Picnics, adventures, as well as these "legal graffiti（涂鸦）" sessions.The notes and art scribbled（涂画）on the walls are an experiment in self-expression. So far, participants have ranged in age from 2 to 85.Though Chasin says the focus of the work is on the activity of writing, rather than the text that ends up getting written, some of the work that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her."One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls." says Chasin, explaining that in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed because of it."People do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages."46. What does the project Writing On It All invite people to do?。
2019年专业英语四级考试真题
2019年专业英语四级考试真题PART I DICTATIONListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided.Now, listen to the passage.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work. SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.1. A. Writer.B. Wells.C. Writer Wells.D. Susan Writer Wells.2. A. She was a career woman.B. She was then a feminist.C. She didn’t like her maiden name.D. She took her husband’s surname.3. A. She named herself after her profession.B. She named herself after her home town.C. She named herself after a day of the week.D. She named herself after the sculptor.4. A. It gives women greater equality.B. It is a good solution to an old problem.C. The problem troubling feminists still remainsD. The surname problem has partly been solved.5. A. History of surnames in America.B. Feminist movement in the 1960s.C. Traditional surnames in Europe.D. Reasons for inventing surnames.Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.6. A. A reporter from a weekly program.B. An executive director from a company.C. A guest on a weekly program.D. A magazine editor from San Diego.7. A. To prepare a list of things that you have done.B. To let your boss know that you want a pay rise.C. To let everybody know your achievement.D. To shamelessly promote yourself to yourself to your boss.8. A. Because the boss has the data on your work.B. Because you will be given more work to do.C. Because it is unprofessional to do so.D. Because others may lose trust in you.9. A. We could earn praise from our boss.B. We may forget the good things we’ve done.C. Things change quickly in work situations.D. The boss will review our performance data.10. A. Websites.B. Radio programs.C. Research reports.D. Government documents.PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answer the question. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural patternof organization than ________.A. will other types of writingB. do other types of writingC. on other types of writingD. other types of writing12. ________ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A. If it not had been forB. If had it not been forC. Had it not been forD. Had not it been for13. Members of the Parliament were poised ________ ahead with a bill to approve construction ofthe oil pipeline.A. to moveB. movingC. to movingD. at moving14. Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinionsthat otherwise________ abstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A. may remainB. could remainC. must have remainedD. might have remained15. Protocol was ________ enabled him to make difficult decisions without ever looking back.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. that16. The woman had persuaded him to do ________ he was hired never to do — reveal the combinationfor the lock on the entrance.A. one thingB. such one thingC. any one thingD. the one thing17. The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous person ________ he choose to be.A. shouldB. couldC. mightD. must18. “It not us, who? If not now, when?” These two questions are used as a ________.A. sign of angerB. call for cationC. refusal to changeD. denial of commitment19. What is the function of the present progressive in “They are always calling me by the wrongname”?A. To express unfavorable feelings.B. To alleviate unnecessary hostility.C. To indicate uncertainty.D. To dramatize a fact.20. “Harry was compelled to resign and to come down to London, where he set up as an armycoach.” The relative clause in the sentence serves to ________.A. supply additional information about LondonB. describe the antecedent “London”C. put restriction on the identity of HarryD. narrate a sequential action taken by Harry21. A group ________ casinos has urged officials not to grant a license to a facility in the city.A. opposed toB. objected toC. posed againstD. protested against22. After the war, he worked on an island in the Pacific, helping the natives and medical ________understand each other’s behavior and cultures.A. facultyB. personsC. membersD. personnel23. The subject of manners is complex. If it were not, there would not be so many ________ feelingsand so much misunderstandings in international communication.A. injuriousB. injuredC. injuringD. injury24. To illustrate the limits of First Amendment free speech, many have noted that the ________Constitution does not give you the right to falsely ________ “Fire!” in a crowdedtheater.A. yelpB. yankC. yellD. yield25. The company announced that it has achieved its mission to create a local food economy thatis ________to any environment.A. adoptableB. amendableC. alterableD. adaptable26. Although Patterson acknowledges the disappointing season he had with the Vikings, he has nosecond________ about how he went about his business.A. thoughtsB. opinionsC. concernsD. reasons27. Electronic cigarettes should be subject ________ the same taxes and limitations on publicuse as traditional tobacco products.A. aboutB. atC. toD. on28. FC Barcelona, ________ the most iconic club in world soccer, beat Manchester United 2-0 toclaim the UEFA Champions League title.A. controversiallyB. arguablyC. debatablyD. finally29. The store sells liquid vitamins ________ designed for children under 3.A. explicitlyB. speciallyC. speculativelyD. specificallywe are at the mercy of technology, the culture that surrounds us will not be of our ________(37)and the best we can hope to do is make our way reasonably well in a world outside our own control.But if these technologies are indeed neutral and their power ________(38) in how we choose touse them, we can utilize them responsibly and ________(39) to construct and maintain whateverkind of culture we want. As film director and technophile Steve Spielberg explained, “Technology can be our best friend, and technology can also be the biggest party pooper of our lives. It interrupts our own story, interrupts our ability to have a thought or ________(40), to imagine something wonderful.”PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the onethat you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) L ife can be tough for immigrants in America. As a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it,to find a good job “you have to be like a wolf in the forest — able to smell out the best meat.” And if you can’t find work,don’t expect the taxpayer to bail you out. Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hard for an able-bodied immigrant to live off the state. A law passed in 1996 explicitly bars most immigrants, even those with legal status, from receiving almost any federal benefits.(2) That is one reason why America absorbs immigrants better than many other rich countries, according to a new study by the University of California. The researchers sought to measure the effect of immigration on the native-born in 20 rich countries, taking into account differencesin skills between immigrants and natives, imperfect labor markets and the size of the welfare statein each country.(3) T heir results offer ammunition for fans of more open borders. In 19 out of 20 countries, the authors calculated that shutting the doors entirely to foreign workers would make the native-born worse off. Never mind what it would do to the immigrants themselves, who benefit far more than anyone else from being allowed to cross borders to find work.(4) The study also suggests that most countries could handle more immigration than they currently allow. In America, a one-percentage point increase in the proportion of immigrants in the population made the native-born 0.05% better off. The opposite was true in some countries with generous or ill-designed welfare states, however. A one-point rise in immigration made the native-born slightly worse off in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. In Belgium, immigrants who lose jobs can receive almost two-thirds of their most recent wage in state benefits, which must make the hunt for a new job less urgent.(5) N one of these effects was large, but the study undermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from natives or drag down their wages. Many immigrants take jobs that Americans do not want, the study finds. This “smooths” the labor market and ultimately creates more jobs for locals. Native-owned grocery stores do better business because there are immigrants to pick the fruit they sell. Indian computer scientists help American software firms expand. A previous study found that because immigrants typically earn less than locals with similar skills, they boost corporate profits, prompting companies to grow and hire more locals.41. Increase in immigration in Austria fails to improve locals’ life mainly because of________.A. inadequate skills of immigrantsB. imperfect labor marketsC. low wages for localsD. the design of the welfare system42. Who will favor the study results by researchers from the University of California?A. People who have legal status.B. People who run businesses.C. People who receive state benefits.D. People who are willing to earn less.43. It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s attitude toward immigrant is________.A. cautiously favorableB. slightly negativeC. strongly negativeD. quite ambiguousPASSAGE TWO(1) There was something in the elderly woman’s behavior that caught my eye. Although slow gestures, and unsure of step the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation inher gestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do.(2) I t was a few years ago, and I had taken a part-time holiday-season job in a video storeat the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I’d begun to see the people rushing by outside in the mall’s concourse as a river of humanity.(3) T he elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who guessed washer daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffingand sighing, checking her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a leash, her mother wouldhave been fastened to it as a means of tugging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers.(4) The older woman detached from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled on a crumpled piece of paper.The title was unusual and a bit obscure. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality.(5) Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me soI could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her companyfor a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who’d passed away the previous Christmas.(6) As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.(7) We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it wasone she’d enjoyed when she was her son’s age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much asshe had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping herfoot at the front of the store.(8) I escorted the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman’s turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she’d displayed earlier.(9) As the cashier tucked the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.(10) “Is that your mom?” I asked.(11) I halfway expected her to tell me it was none of my business. But possibly believingme to be tolerant of her impatience, she rolled her eyes and said, “Yeah.” There was exasperation in her reply, half sigh and half groan.(12) S till watching the mother, I said, “Mind some advice?”(13) “Sure,” said the daughter.(14) I smiled to show her I wasn’t criticizing. “Cherish her,” I said. And then I answered her curious expression by saying, “When she’s gone, it’s the little moments that’ll come back to you. Moments like this. I know.”(15) I t was true. I missed my mom still and remembered with melancholy clarity the momentswhen I’d used my impatience to make her life miserable.(16) The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter’scustody. Together they made their way toward the store’s exit. They stood there for amoment, side by side, watching the rush of the holiday current and for their place in it. Thenthe daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly,she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the crowds.44. What does “she had a job to do” (Para. 1) mean according to the context?A. She had a regular job in the store.B. She wanted to ask for help.C. She wanted to buy a DVD.D. She was thinking of what to buy.45. What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant?A. The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies.B. The elderly woman liked movies for young children.C. The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked.D. The elderly woman liked both old and new movies.46. In the passage the elderly woman’s daughter is described as being ________.A. impoliteB. uncaringC. naiveD. miserly47. While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was ________.A. hesitantB. indifferentC. frustratedD. patientPASSAGE THREE(1) R eading award-winning literature may boost your ability to read other people, a new study suggests. Researchers at the New School for Social Research, in New York City, found that whenthey had volunteers read works of acclaimed “literary fiction”, it seemed to temporarily improve their ability to interpret other people’s emotions. The same was not true of nonfiction or “popular” fiction, the mystery, romance and science-fiction books that often dominate bestseller lists.(2) E xperts said the findings, reported online in Science, suggest that literature might help people to be more perceptive and engaged in their lives.(3) “Reading literary fiction isn’t just for passing the time. It’s not just an escape,” said Keith Oatley, a professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto.It also enables us to better understand others, and then take that into our daily lives.(4) O atley was not involved in the new research, but worked on some of the first studies to suggest that reading literature can boost people’s empathy for others. His team has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy on standard tests, but the same isnot true of avid nonfiction fans.(5) B ut, the study by Oatley and his team cannot prove that literature boosts empathy — empathetic folks may just be drawn to reading fiction, whereas the new study does offer some “cause-and-effect” evidence, Oatley said. For the study, researchers set up a series of fiveexperiments in which participants read either literary fiction, popular fiction, nonfiction or nothing at all before taking some standard tests. One of the tests is known as “Reading the Mind in the Eyes”. People have to look at photos of actors’ eyes, and then guess what emotion is being expressed in each. The test is considered a measure of empathy. Overall, study participants fared better on the test after reading literary fiction, versus the other three conditions.(6) I t was a small improvement, according to the principal researcher David Comer Kidd, “It’snot like taking people from a (grade) ‘C’ to an ‘A’,” he said. But, Kidd added, the effect was seen after only about 10 minutes’ reading, and it was a statistically strong finding, meaning it’s unlikely to have been due to chance.(7) “Literary” fiction has no hard-and-fast definition. So Kidd and his colleagues chose contemporary works that have won or been finalists for outstanding literary awards. They included “The Round House”, by Louise Erdrich, “Salvage the Bones”, by Jesmyn Ward and the short story “Corrie” by Alice Munro. And “popular” fiction included best-sellers like “Gone Girl” by Gillian Flynn, and Danielle Steel’s “The Sins of the Mother”.(8) What’s so special about literary fiction? “For one, it’s usually more focused on characters t han o n p lot,” K idd n oted. B ut b eyond t hat, h e s aid, t here i s u sually n o s ingle “authoritative narrator” who takes us through the story. “It demands that the reader almost become a writerand fill in the gaps. You really have to think about the characters,” Kidd said.(9) O atley agreed. “Alice Munro doesn’t tell you what to think,” he said. “You,yourself, have to make inferences about characters. And that’s often what we’re doing in ourreal-life conversations.” Or at least that’s what people could do.(10) R eading literary fiction could also offer a way to “practice” your social skills and use them more in real life, according to another researcher not involved in the study. “It’s like how pilots train in a flight simulator,” said Raymond Mar, an associate professor of psychology at York University, in Toronto, who has collaborated with Oatley. “This is a great study,” Mar said of the new study. But he added that the overall research in this area is “stillin its infancy” and one key question is whether literary fiction really is better than other fiction.(11) Mar and his colleagues recently found that fans of romance novels tended to do best ontests of empathy. Unlike the current study, Mar’s study did not test people after having themread different types of fiction. So it’s possible that there is something else about romance-novel readers that makes them more understanding of others.(12) S till, according to Mar, it’s too early to tell people to trade in their Danielle Steel for Alice Munro, at least if the goal is boosting empathy.(13) I t’s also possible that plays, movies or even TV shows could build your empathymuscles, according to Kidd. But reading may be special, he said, because it provides no visualsand you have to engage your imagination more.(14) E veryone agreed that the findings suggest literature is important beyond entertainmentor improving vocabulary. “There’s a common belief that reading literature is frivolous, ornot practical,” Mar said. “But there’s a growing body of evidence that it’s important inskills that we need in our lives.”48. According to the new study, what kind of books are likely to help people better understandothers’ feelings?A. Science fiction.B. Romance novels.C. Literary fiction.D. Nonfiction.49. Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the passage?A. Oatley and his colleagues were involved in the new study.B. Mar and his team also tested people after reading fiction.C. Kidd and his team had people read prestigious fiction.D. Kidd and his team were uncertain about their study results.50. Which of the following is NOT a special feature of literary fiction?A. Presence of an authoritative narrator.B. More focus on character description.C. Demand on readers’ ability to infer.D. Presence of readers’ empathetic feelings.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answerthe questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. What does the statement “…, don’t expect the taxpayer to bail you out.” mean? (Para. 1)PASSAGE TWO52. Why did the shop assistant lead the elderly woman to find the DVD instead of finding it forher?53. What does the last sentence in Para. 16 imply about the daughter’s attitude towards her mother?PASSAGE THREE54. What are the two main advantages of reading literary fiction according to the passage?55. Why is reading special when compared with plays and movies?PART VI WRITINGRead carefully the following excerpt and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words,in which you should:1) summarize the main message of the report, and then2) comment on Brewer’s view that parents should join in with their kids rather than limittheir media consumption.You can support yourself with information from the report.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and languagequality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.How much screen time is too much for kids?Parents have been advised to limit media consumption of their children, but research suggestsit’s the nature of it that matters.For many parents in the digital age, battles with their kids over screen time and deviceshave become a depressing part of family life. Many parents will now be relieved to hear thatrecent research suggests that it’s not so much the length, but the nature of the screen timethat matters.Jocelyn Brewer, a psychologist who specializes in the concept of “digital nutrition”, likens media diets to what’s on our plates: rather than counting calories (or screen time), think about what you’re eating.“It’s not just about whether you consume any potential digital junk foods, but also your relationship to technology and the role it plays in your family life,” says Brewer.For young children, the most important thing is whether parents and kids are playing, watchingor browsing together.A study of 20,000 parents published late last year by the Oxford Internet Institute and Cardiff University determined that there was no correlation between limiting device use and children’s well-being. The study’s lead author Dr Andrew Pryzbylski said: “Our findings suggest the broader family context how parents set rules about digital screen time, and if they’re actively engaged in exploring the digital world together, are more important than the raw screen time.”“The consensus is that screen time, in and of itself, is not harmful — and reasonable restrictions vary greatly, depending on a child’s behavior and personality. There is little point in worrying about how many minutes a day your kids are spending with screens,” says Brewer. “Instead, parents should be doing what they can to ensure that what they’re watching, playing and reading is high-quality, age-appropriate and safe — and joining in wherever possible.”。
2019年6月大学英语四级真题与答案解析完整版
2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing(30 minutes)请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on avolunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood .Youshould write at least 120 words not more than 180 words.【范文】Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing HomeVolunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly appraisedby the elderly there.Upon the students ’ arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors ’ eyes when the young students presewell-prepared gifts. Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth andthe aged were willing to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it wastime for the youngsters to leave, the elderly thanked them over and over again. And the volunteersexpressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had fortheir future.According to Winston Churchill, a British statesman, “ we make a living by what we get, but we makea life bywe give. ” The visit not only enriches the seniors ’ daily life, but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learnimportant life lessons from the elderly residents. By Aria, school newspaper【点评】写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的能力，四级写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高。
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2019年英语专业四级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2019)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART ⅠDICTATION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.SLANGWe often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________【答案】SLANGWe often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful. ①However, they are usually out of place in formal writing because of a number of drawbacks. ②They go out of date quickly and become tiresome if used too much. ③And they may communicate clearly to some readers but not to others.④In general, we should avoid the use of slang in our writing.【难点点评】（1）句①中，drawback意为“缺点”，注意名词复数。
（2）句②中，tiresome意为“令人厌烦的”；听音时需注意used为过去分词形式。
（3）句③中，And首字母要大写。
（4）句④中，In general与主句之间要用逗号隔开。
PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.Revision of Essay Drafts1. ____【答案】revise for content【解析】录音提到“In order to answer these questions, what you need to do first is to revise for content”，即修改论文首先要修改目录。
故本题填入revise for content。
2. ____【答案】your) major points【解析】录音提到“... it may have discussed things that do not contribute significantly to your major points”，即论文大纲可能会有很多与文章无关的内容。
故本题填入(your) major points。
3. ____【答案】sufficient evidence【解析】录音提到“Your reader needs sufficient evidence to accept what you are saying ...”，即读者需要足够的论据才会认同你的观点。
故本题填入sufficient evidence。
4. ____【答案】the logic【解析】录音提到“If you find it easy to produce an outline ... a clear logic to the flow of the content”，即如果论文大纲在草稿中一目了然，就说明文章逻辑清晰。
故本题填入the logic。
5. ____【答案】a self-imposed limit【解析】录音提到“But even if there is no stated limit, or you are allowed to write as long as you like, please adhere to a self-imposed limit ...”，即使论文不限长度，也要自己设定长度限制，如果没有需要长篇大论才能解释清楚的内容，就一定要将论文限制在自己设定的长度以内。
故本题填入a self-imposed limit。
6. ____【答案】components【解析】录音提到“The next step is to revise for components of the essay, including the paragraphs, sentences and individual words”，即下一步就是修改论文的各个组成部分，包括段落、句子和措辞。
故本题填入components。
7. ____【答案】provide sentence variety【解析】录音提到“Well, I suggest you avoid this by breaking up some of the longer sentences to provide variety”，即建议我们拆分长难句，使句式多样化。
故本题填入provide sentence variety。
8. ____【答案】explain complex ideas【解析】录音提到“Use short sentences to make important points, and longsentences to explain complex ideas”，即用短句阐述重点，用长句解释复杂的观点。
故本题填入explain complex ideas。
9. ____【答案】imprecise or wordy【解析】录音提到“For diction, a very important tip is to eliminate imprecise or wordy language”，即删去模棱两可或冗长的话。
故本题填入imprecise or wordy。
10. ____【答案】nouns and verbs【解析】录音提到“Try to write as much as possible with nouns and verbs ...”，即尽量多使用名词和动词。
故本题填入nouns and verbs。
【录音原文】Revision of Essay DraftsGood morning, everyone. In today’s lecture, I'm going to talk about how to revise essay drafts and give you some tips as well.The initial revision should, of course, focus on the essay as a whole. You’d ask yourself—Do I reach my writing objective? Does my essay directly answer the question? Is my main idea clear? [1] In order to answer these questions, what you need to do first is to revise for content. The typical rough draft may have too little and too much content, all at the same time. It will have touched the surface of some portions of the essay, without providing adequate explanation or convincing detail.。