高中英语定语从句 --- As 和which 引导定语从句精讲精练

关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句
as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。

具体情况是：1. As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。

He was honest, as/which we can see.
as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。

另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思
which 指代整个句子不可置于句首只能位于主句后。

1. They d idn’t come to school on time, which made the teacher angry.
2. The sports meeting was put off, which astonished (吃惊）us greatly.
3. His father died last year, which made it impossible for him to go to school.
4. He didn’t pass the exam, which disappointed his parents.
as 引导定语从句，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句末。

As we all know, China is a developing country.
The number of the visitors, as we had expected, was over 200.
China is a great country with a long history, a s is known to all.
注意:当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时,主句与从句有因果或并列，从句谓语动词是“系动词+adj" 使用which
Our class has won the volleyball match, which is inspiring.
Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad. Tom突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。

Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为他的病，所以我们伤心。

The road was too slippery, which caused lots of accidents. 路太滑了，以至于引起了很多事故。

which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为路滑，所以出事。

(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.
(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.
(4) He has been to Paris more t han several times, which I don’t believe.
(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.
小练习1：
1._________ we expected, he made a long speech
A. As
B. That
C. Which
D. It
2. He made a long speech, _______was unexpected.
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. it
3. The English play, ______ my students acted at the New Year’s party ,was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
4. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, _______ it was so poorly equipped.
A. when
B. which
C. what
D. that
1.先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, so…as, as…as结构，
such +名词+as …. 像….一样的，像….之类的
such(pron.) + as…像….一样的，像….之类的
the same +名词+as …. 和…..同样的
We have found such materials as are used in their factory. 我们已经找到了像他们工厂用的那种材料。

（as 作主语）
This book is not such as I expect. 这不是我期待的书。

（as 作宾语）
I have the same book as he has. 我和他有同样的书。

（as 作宾语）
注意：当先行词由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as 所引导的定语从句意思不同
(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. 她穿着她在Mary婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。

(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样
的裙子。

(两件相似的东西)
4. as常用于固定搭配中:
as is often the case (这是常有的事),
as we expected(不出所料);
as often happens (正如经常发生的那样)；
as is known to all(众所周知);
as has been said before (正如以前所说);
as is mentioned above (正如上面所提到的)等。

相同之处：
当先行词指整个主句的意思时, 这类非限制性______只能由_____或________来引导。

两者的区别在于：which引导的定语从句只能位于_______,而as引导的定语从句可位于________________。

（位置）
2. ________常译作“这”; 而______常译作“正如”, 且多与see, expect, imagine, know, hope等动词连用。

（含义）
3. 在定语从句中作主语时, 若用________, 其谓语部分一般有be; 若谓语是不含be的行为动词时, 要用________。

4. ________引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事, 而which不受此限制。

单句填空用which或as填空
1.After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling, _____turned out to be a wise decision.
2. I looked into their eyes, I found they didn’t care, ______told me it would be useless, but when I looked into yours, I saw kindness.
3. _______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
4. _______ is mentioned above, paper is first made in China.
5. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.
6. _______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.
7. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _____, of course,
made the others envy him.
8. The result of the experiment was very good, ______we hadn’t expect.
9. The weather turned out to be very good, ______was more than we could expect.
10. _____is known to all, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
参考答案： 1. Which 2. Which 3. As 4. As 5. which 6. As 7. Which
8. which 9. which 10. As。