2020年职称英语等级考试综合类概括大意练习(18)

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2020年职称英语综合类C级概括大意历年真题及解析

2020年职称英语综合类C级概括大意历年真题及解析2020年真题Interview with Allan Gray(1)I was working for a multinational company in the early 1980s, and my brother asked me if I was interested in going into partnership with him to set up a language school. I'd always wanted to work for myself, and I was a bit fed up with working for someone else, so I said yes.Primarily, I wanted the freedom to make my own decisions, I wanted room to be creative, and also I wanted to be able to get the credit and keep the profits if we were successful. I was also happy to carry the can and take the blame if things went wrong. These things are not possible if you work as an employee in a large organization.(2) I had to borrow money to help start the business, but we were lucky because we also had some outside capital to put into the business. These days it can be really hard to persuade banks to lend money to people who want to start a company, so we were fortunate. It was fairly easy to set upthe business, because we had a very clear idea of what we wanted to do. The problem was, all our preconceptions ( 预想 ) about what it would be like to run a business were wrong.We made lots of mistakes, and we almost went bankrupt (破产的 ) at the beginning. At one point, we only had twostudents in the school.(3) Far too long! We lost money for the first four years and, as I was saying, we nearly went out of business. It tookquite a long time to start making profit. The best thing we did, though, was that we hired some really good people to work for us. In fact, some of those people are still working for us,24 years later. Now we're doing well, but it was very risky at first.(4) One is financial constraint ( 约束) , It can be very tough. Think all small businesses have cash flow problems -- it often takes a long time to get paid by your customers. The second big problem is marketing. It takes a lot of funds to market your business, and you have to get your name known and build a reputation. But the biggest challenge is managing the people. All businesses are about people, and you have to learn how to deal with all kinds of people – and I thinkwe've been extremely good at getting the best of our staff.23. Paragraph 1 __________24. Paragraph 2 __________25. Paragraph 3 __________26. Paragraph 4 __________A. Strategies in expanding a small businessB. Right people to run a businessC. Time-consuming experience of being successfulD. Challenges of running a businessE. Difficulties in starting the businessF. Reasons for working for oneself27. If you made a bad decision as a boss, you had__________.28. The difficult thing to start a business is to persuade banks __________.29. If you hire the right people, you'll probably be able __________.30. Besides financial and marketing challenges, you must know how __________.A. to lose your houseB. to manage your employeesC. to keep independentD. to lend you moneyE. to take the responsibility for itF. to make profit2020年真题The Storyteller(1) Steven Spielberg has always had one goal： to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen. Andthat's what he has always been about. The son of a computer scientist and a pianist,Spielberg spent his early childhoodin New Jersey and, later, Arizona. From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with imagesthat would later inspire his filmmaking.(2) Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits. He believes that E.T. is the result ofthe difficult years leading up to his parent's 1966 divorce, "It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life." "He was scared of just about everything," recalls his mother, Leah Adler. "When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed. Andthat's just the kind of scary stuff he would put in filmslike Poltergeist."(3) Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dad's movie camera and began shooting short flicks aboutflying saucers and World War II battles. Spielberg's talentfor scary storytelling enabled him to make friends. On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell,Spielberg became the center of attention. "Steven would start telling his ghost stories," says Richard Y. Hoffman Jr., leader of Troop 294, "and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it."(4) Spielberg moved to California with his father andwent to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated. Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood.Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managedto get an unpaid, non-credit internship ( 实习 ) in Hollywood. Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college. He never looked back.(5) Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent. Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs. "The process for me is mostly intuitive (凭直觉的) ," he says. "There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it. And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel (续集) to Jurassic Park."23. Paragraph 1 __________24. Paragraph 2__________25. Paragraph 3 __________26. Paragraph 4 __________A. Inspirations for his moviesB. The trouble of making moviesC. A funny manD. Getting into the movie businessE. Telling stories to make friendsF. An aim of life27. Some of Spielberg's most successful movies came from __________.28. When Spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of__________.29. Spielberg is very good at__________.30. Spielberg says he makes movies for __________.A. almost everythingB. telling scary storiesC. a number of reasonsD. making children laughE. his childhood memoriesF. a lot of money2020年真题Traffic Jams -- No End in Sight(1) Traffic congestion (拥堵) affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U. S., commuters (通勤人员) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.(2) The most promising technique for reducing citytraffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work： Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.(3)Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.(4)Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.(5)Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systemsand upgrade them with moreefficient technologies.But environmentalists complainthat such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.23. Paragraph 1 __________24. Paragraph 2__________25. Paragraph 3 __________26. Paragraph 4 __________A. Paying to get inB. Changing work practiceC. Not doing enoughD. A solution which is no solutionE. Closing city centres to trafficF. A global problem27. Most American drivers think it convenient to__________.28. If charged high enough, some drivers may enter certain parts of town __________.29. Building more roads is not an effective way to__________.30. The U. S. government has planned to __________ updating public-transport systems.A. reduce traffic jamsB. drive aroundC. go by busD. spend more moneyE. travel regularlyF. encourage more private cars答案与解析2020年真题23．F。

2020年职称英语卫生类模拟试题：概括大意

2020年职称英语卫生类模拟试题：概括大意2020年职称英语卫生类模拟试题：概括大意Screen Test1. Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated successfully. According to a, survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes. Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50.2. But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.3. Researchers at the Polytechnic University1 of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160, 000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.4. The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB)predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers.5. The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant” compared to thefar larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened.6. But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimise the technique”for breast cancer screening.7. “There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks,” admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. “On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is arisk of causing one later in life. That’s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme.”练习：1.Paragraph 2 ________________2.Paragraph 3 ________________3.Paragraph 4 ________________4.Paragraph 5 ________________A Harm Screening May Do to a Younger WomanB Investigating the Effect of ScreeningC Effects Predicted by Two Different ModelsD Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from RadiationE Treatment of CancersF Factors That Trigger Cancers5.Early discovery of breast cancer may________________.6.Advantages of screening women under 50are________________.7.Delaying the age at which screening startsmay________________.8.Radiation exposure should be ________________.A be costlyB harmfulC save a lifeD still open to debateE reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancerF reduced to the minimum答案与题解：1.A A说的是：用X射线检查可能对年轻女人不好。

2020职称英语真题及答案-综合类A概括大意

2020职称英语真题及答案-综合类A概括大意第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23——30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5 段每段选择1个标题；（2）第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。

Tunguska Event1 A hundred years ago this week, a gigantic explosion ripped (撕裂) open the day y above a forest in western Siberia, leaving a scientific riddle that endures to this day.2 A dazzling light pierced the heavens,followed by a shock wave as strong as 1,000 atomic bombs. The explosion flattened 80 million trees across an area of 2,000 square kilometers. The fireball was so great that, a day later, Londoners could read their newspapers under the night sky. What caused the so-called Tunguska Event, named after the nearby Podkamennaya Tunguska river, still remains a mystery.3 Experts suspect it was a rock that, after traveling in space for millions of years, was destined to crash to Earthat exactly 7：17 a.m. on June 30, 1908. This possibility worries scienti sts.“Imagine an unspotted asteroid (小行星) hitting a significant chunk(块) of land ... and imagine if that area, unlike Tunguska, were populated,” the British science journal Nature commented recently.4 But no fragments of the “rock” have ever been found. Finding such evidence would be important, for it would increase our knowledge about the risk posed by dangerous NearEarth Objects (NEOs), say Italian researchers Luca Gasperini, Enrico Bonatti and Giuseppe Longo. When the next Tunguska NEO approaches, scientists will have to decide whether to try to deflect (使偏转) it or blow it up in space.5 However, several rival theories for the Tunguska Event exist. Wolfgang Kundt, a professor at Germany's Bonn University,believes the Tunguska Event was caused by a massive escape of 10 million tons of methane(甲烷)-rich gas from deep within earth's crust. Some people hold that the explosion was caused by an alien spaceship crash, or a black hole in the universe.23. Paragraph 2 C24. Paragraph 3 F25. Paragraph 4 E26. Paragraph 5 AA. Competing ExplanationsB. Unknown AttacksC. Mysterious ExplosionD. Star WarE. Importance of Finding EvidenceF. Explanation that Worries Scientists27. The gigantic explosion that occurred a hundred years ago A28. The shock wave which followed the dazzling light D29. The hypothesis that the explosion was caused by a rock colliding with the Earth B30. Wolfgang Kundt, who has developed an alternative theory CA. has remained a puzzleB. lacks sufficient evidenceC. is a university professorD. was generated by the explosionE. will kill many animalsF. are attacked by aliens。

职称英语等级考试综合类概括大意练习

练习： 1. Paragraph 2____________. 2. Paragraph3____________. 3. Paragraph4____________. A〕 The important of having recreation B〕 The recreation centers
第1页共2页
way___________.
6. Many people prefer watching games to__________.
7. It is generally believed that those who work all the time
and do not know how to relax_______.
It doesn t matter whether we play a fast game of ping-pong， concentrate over the bridge table， or go walking through the woods on a brisk autumn afternoon. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time and enjoy some form of recreation.
C〕 Type of sports
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D〕 Fun of being spectators
4. To keep fit and enjoy life ， all of us must have____________.
5. Participating in door sports or outdoor sports is a good

职称英语综合类概括大意练习题

职称英语综合类概括大意练习题引导语：综合类概括大意试题，由培训网而成，谢谢您的阅读。

Geology and HealthThe importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades， and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine， zinc and selenium. For example， soils with low iodine contents produce crops， and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks， which weather into soil， gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environments have effects on the chemistry and health of plants， animals and people.So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are generally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich soils does not represent ahealth risk unless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However， small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil.Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning.In contrast， naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures， despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations well above those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria.There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on thepotential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.A. No evidence to indicate bad effects of naturally contaminated soilB. Potential hazards of human contaminated soilsC. Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chainD. Geology and health problemsE. Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollutionF. Long- term helth effects on children1. Paragraph 12. Paragraph 33. Paragraph 44. Paragraph 6A. industrially polluted soilsB. rock and soil chemistryC. naturally polluted soilsD. the pathways of metals into the food chainE. the element of iodineF. the persistence of heavy metals5. Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of ……6. It is extremely necessary to study the long-term effects caused by living on ……7. Geologists are indispensable in the research project on geology and health due to their knowledge on……8. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to ……练习题二The Open University in Britain1 In 1963 the leader of the Labour Party made a speech explaining plans for a “ university of the air”-an educational system which would make use of television，radio and correspondence courses. Many people laughed at the idea， but it became part of the Labour Party s programme to give educational opportunity to those people who， for one reason or another， had not had a chance to receive further education.2 By 1969 plans were well advanced and by August 1970 the Open University， as it is now called， had received 400，000 applications. Only 25，000 could be aepted for the four “foundation” courses offered： social sciences，arts， science and mathematics. Unsuessful candidates were told to apply again the following year， when a foundation course in technology would also be offered.3 The first teaching programmes appeared on the air and screen in January 1971， with clerks， farm workers，housewives， teachers， policemen and many others as students. Correspondence units had been carefully prepared and science students were given devices for a small home laboratory. Study centers have been set up all over thecountry so that students can attend once a week， and once a year they will spend a week at one of the university s summer schools.。

2020年职称英语《综合类》概括大意与完成句子训练2

2020年职称英语《综合类》概括大意与完成句子训练22020职称英语《综合类》概括大意与完成句子训练2阅读下面的短文，每篇短文后的练习分两部分，第一部分要求从所给的选项里选出所标段落的段落标题；第二部分要求根据文章的内容用所给的选项来完成句子。

Transport and TradeTransport is one of the aids to trade.By moving goods from places where they are plentiful to places where they are scarce,transport adds to their value.The more easily goods can be brought over the distance that separates producer and consumer,the better for trade.When there were no railways,no good roads,no canals,and only small sailing ships,trade was on a small scale.The great advances made in transport during the last two hundred years were accompanied by a big increase intrade.Bigger and faster ships enabled a trade in meat to develop between Britain and New Zealand,for instance.Quicker transport makes possible mass-production and bigbusiness,drawing supplies from,and selling goods to,all parts of the globe.Big factories could not exist without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes.Big city stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the suburbs and goods delivered to their homes.Big cities could not survive unless food could be brought from a distance.Transport also prevents waste.Much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it could not be taken quickly to inland towns.Transport has given us a much greater variety of foods and goods since we no longer have to live on what is produced locally.Foods which at one time could be obtained only during a part of the year can now be obtained all through the year.Transport has raised the standard of living.By moving fuel,raw materials,and even power,as,for example,through electric cables,transport has led to the establishment of industries and trade in areas where they would have been impossible before.Districts and countries can concentrate on making things which they can do better and more cheaply than others and can then exchange them with one another.The cheaper and quicker transport becomes,the longer the distance over which goods can profitably becarried.Countries with poor transport have a lower standard of living.Commerce requires not only the moving of goods and people but also the carrying of messages and information.Means of communication,like telephones,cables and radio,send information about prices,supplies,and changing conditions in different parts of the world.In this way,advanced communication systems also help to develop trade.练习：1、Paragraph 2 ____2、Paragraph 3 ____3、Paragraph 4 ____4、Paragraph 5 ____A.Higher living standardB.Importance of transport in tradeC.Various means of transportD.Birth of transport-related industries and tradeE.Role of information in tradeF.Public transportation5、The development of modern means of transport ____.6.Only when goods can be carried to all parts of the world quickly ____.7、Transport has made it possible for people to eat whatever food they want ____.8、In the trade of modern society the transmission of information plays as important a role as ____.A.to send goods to various parts of the worldB.at any time during the yearC.has greatly promoted tradeD.is it possible to produce on a large scaleE.the transport of goodsF.it is possible to produce on a large scale答案：BADECDBE词汇：aid /eid/ n.协助，援助 plentiful /'plentiful/ adj.充裕的，丰富的 scarce /skeos/ adj.匮乏的，缺少的 canal /fe'nael/ n.运河 suburbs /'sAbsbz/ 作？郊区 deliver /di'liva/ v.送（货）port /po：t/ n.港口 cable /丨keibl/队电缆 commerce /'komss/ n.商业注释：add to：增添，增加on a small scale：小规模地。

2020年职称英语真题及答案综合类C概括大意

2020年职称英语真题及答案综合类C概括大意第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23——30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5 段每段选择1个标题；（2）第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。

Feed the World with Potatoes1. As food prices continue to rise rapidly,there is growing concern about the effect it will have among the world’s poor.2. Increasingly, experts are looking to thepotato as a possible low-cost solution to feeding the hungry. To emphasize the issue, the United Nations has called the potato “a hidden treasure” and named 2008 the International Yearof the Potato. Here’s how potatoes could end the food crisis.3. The potato matures more quickly, on less land and in harsher climate than most other major crops. Up to 85 percent of the plant is eatable, compared with around 50 percent of cereals. Its broad adaptability to a wide variety of farming systems is also note worthy.4. Potatoes are an excellent source of complex carbohydrates, which is release their energy slowly, and have only 5 percent of wheat’ s fat content. They contain only a quarter of the calories of bread and,according to the Potato Center, when boiled, potatoes have more protein and nearly twice the calcium as corn. Additionally, they are good source of vitamin C, iron, potassium（钾）and zinc(锌).5. The food and Agriculture Organization recently surveyed food price inflation in over 70 of the poor countries. Cereal price inflation was much higher and far more widespread than for potatoes. A significant factor behind the potato’ s affordability is the fact that unlike other agriculture products, the potato is not yet a global commodity, and has therefore not attracted speculative investors. Raw potatoes are heavy and carrot during transmit, so global trade has been show to take off. Also, potatoes are susceptible（易受影响的） to infection with disease, hindering(防碍) export. According to analysts’ estimates, less than 5 percent of potatoes are traded internationally, with prices driven primarily by local tastes instead of international demand.23. Paragraph 2__B___24. Paragraph 3__D___25. Paragraph 4__C___26. Paragraph 5__A___A. Potatoes’ Lower InflationB. Major Food CropsC. Healthy FoodD. Higher OutputE. Growing Importance of PotatoesF. High Price27. The potato is cheap because E28. The whole world is concerned about food prices because B29. Many peopleeat potatoes because C30. The potato isnot yet a global commodity because FA. it has remained a controversial issueB. they are rising rapidlyC. they are very nourishingD. nobody eats itE. its yield is highF. raw potatoes can decay easily during transit。

2020职称英语综合类B级真题(概括大意)

2020职称英语综合类B级真题（概括大意）第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有两项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中未第2~5段每段选择1个标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。

Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”1) The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary-school teaching (pupils aged 11~16), and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who say they would “seriously consider” teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. Thereport suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.2) The main drawback of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs, and this means that fewer and fewer young people decide to be teachers. Joanne Manners, 24 is a good example. “ I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher training course to become a maths teacher—but when I looked into the details, it became clear that teaching isn’t a very lucrative(赚钱的)job these days. I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, and so I decided not to become a teacher.”3) It’s not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people don’t want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school.A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachersas in the past. Here’s the view of Dave Hallam, anaccountant from London：” I think parents are to bla me. They should have stricter rules with their children at home andalso teach their children to have more respect for teachers.”4) “ It makes me feel so proud.” Says Brian Jones, who works in a secondary school in London. So what does he thinkthe government should do to encourage more people to become teachers?” “My view is that the government should reducethe burden of work on teachers. I find that I always have too much work to do.”5) The report is clear that the problem of teachershortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers’ pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also suggests that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people. Another solution could be set a maximum number of hours per week that teachers can work, in order to reduce stress on teachers. “Hopefully,” the report concludes, “these solutions can improve the poor image of secondary teaching, and increase the number of young people who want to become teachers in the future.【题干】23. Paragraph 1__________24. Paragraph 2__________25. Paragraph 3__________26. Paragraph 4__________【选项】A. Students’ bad behavior and lack of disciplineB. Improvement of children behaviorC. Heavy workload on teachersD. The problem of low salaryE. A report on teacher shortageF. A nationwide publicity campaign【题干】27. More and more young people are held back from teaching____________.28. Parents are encouraged to back the teacher up when there are_________29. The government should reduce the workload on teachers to ease_________.30. The government should promote teaching as a career by advertising_________.【选项】A. Its benefitsB. Their childhood memories。

2020年职称英语考试综合类概括大意练习18

2020年职称英语考试综合类概括大意练习18Volts from the SkyLightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago， many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon.Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds， though processes are still not fully understood. Typically， positive charges build at the cloud top， while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning， the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground s surfaces， making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough， it breaks through the insulating barrier of air， and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning.Lightning can occur within a cloud， between clouds， or between clouds and the ground. The first variety， intra-cloud lightning， is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning， making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges， is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms， including sheet， ribbon，and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a white sheet， hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds， they can shiftthe lightning channel sideways， so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long andcan travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning，the rarest and most mysterious form， derives its name fromthe small luminous ball that appears near the impact point，moves horizontally， and lasts for several seconds.Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge. Temperatures near the discharge canreach as high as 50，000°F within thousandths of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion， generating shock waves we hear as thunder.About 2，000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any time， generating about 100 lighting strikes every second， or 8 million daily. Within the United States， lightning strikes are estimated at 20 million a year， or about 22，000 per day. You have a 1-in-600，000 chance of bring struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightningabout two dozen times annually.You can measure how far you are from a lightning strikeby counting the seconds between viewing the flash and hearing the bang， and then dividing by five. This approximates the mileage.练习：1-4题的要求是，从第一个方框的六个选项A、B、C、D、E、F中选出四个选项为注明的段落各配一个合适的小标题。

2020职称英语考试综合类模拟试题2：概括大意

2020职称英语考试综合类模拟试题2：概括大意ParisParis, the capital and the largest city of the country, is in north central France. The Paris metropolitan area contains nearly 20% of the nation's population and is the economic, cultural, and political center of France. The French governments have historically favored the city as the site for all decision making, thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation's activities.Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the national capital in the late 10th century. With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution, a great number of people moved to the city from the country during the 19th century. The migration was especially stimulated by the construction of railroads, which provided easy access to the capital. After World War II more and more immigrants arrived.The city is the centralized control point of most national radio and television broadcasting. It is a place of publication of the most prestigious newspapers and magazines and an international book publishing center. With more than 100 museums, Paris has truly been one of the greatest concentrations of art treasures in the world. The Louver, opened as a museum in 1793, is one of the largest museums in the world.In the late 1980s about 4.1million pupils annually attended about 47,000 elementary schools. In addition, about 5.4 million students attended some 11,200 secondary schools. Approximately 1.2 million students were enrolled annually atuniversities and colleges in France in the late 1980s. French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world.Paris is the leading industrial center of France, with about one quarter of the nation's manufacturing concentrated in the metropolitan area. Industries of consumer goods have always bee drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population, and modern, high-technology industries also have become numerous since World War II. Chief manufactures are machinery, automobiles, chemicals and electrical equipment.练习1. Paragraph2_________.2. Paragraph3_________.3. Paragraph4_________.4. Paragraph5_________.A History of the cityB Industries of the cityC Population grownD EducationE Cultural centerF Immigration5. Paris has in history been the center of___________.6. Since the 10th century, the population ofParis__________.7. Many valuable works of art_________.8. Paris is not only the center of education of France , but also the center_____________.A can be found in ParisB the major events of the nationC of the country's industriesD a lot of cinemas and theatersE has been growing steadilyF has been decreasing rapidly参考答案：CEDBBEAC。

年职称英语综合类概括大意复习题

年职称英语综合类概括大意复习题20XX年职称英语综合类概括大意复习题strength alone knows conflict, weakness is below even defeat, and is born vanquished.以下是为大家搜索的20XX年综合类概括大意复习题，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!Airplanes are used to carry passengers， cargo and mail. Air transport panies operate scheduled airlines and non-scheduled services over local， regional， national， and international routes. The aircraft operated by these panies range from small single-engine planes to large multiengine jet transports.The first air passenger services began in 1910， when dirigibles began operation between several German cities. The first scheduled airplane service to carry passengers began in the U.S in 1914. Several experimental airmailflights took place in India， Europe， and the UnitedStates before World War I， but air transport service did not bee a true business until after the war.During World War Two， intercontinental air transport became firmly established. After the war the new long-distance transports with advanced facilities were increasingly able to avoid storms and strong wind and make flights more economical and consistent. A new generation of“jumbo-jet” transports began operations in 1970， and the supersonic transport entered passenger service in 1976.During the 1970s the number of domestic passengers on U.S airlines increased about 78%， and during the 1980s the figure was up about 58%. In 1990 there were 41.8 million international passengers， the figure was a 75% increase over 1980. The total cargo flown by U.S airlines almost doubled during the 1980s， from 5.7 billion to 10.6 billion ton-miles in 1990.Major airports provide a wide range of facilities for the convenience of millions of travelers. These range from such basic services as ticket-sales counters and restaurants to luxury hotels， shopping centers and play are as for children. International airports must also have customs areas and currency-exchange counters and son.1. Paragraph 2 .2. Paragraph 3 .3. Paragraph 4 .4. Paragraph 5 .A Airport servicesB Training of pilotsC Beginning periodD Rapid growth in the U.S.E DevelopmentF Competition5. Air transport panies use different plans .6. The United States was the country where .7. The forty years from the 1930s to the 1970s was an important period .8. Nowadays airports provide all kinds of servicesA in the development of air transportationB the earliest passenger flights were suessfully operatedC to make travel easy and pleasant for the passengersD to provide different servicesE the shortage of qualified pilotsF traveling by air was very cheap。

职称英语综合类概括大意练习参考题

职称英语综合类概括大意练习参考题职称英语综合类概括大意练习参考题Keeping Cut FlowersWhile everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house,few people know how to keep them for as long as possible.This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.An important thing to remember about cut flowers isthat they are sensitive to temperature.For example,studies have shown that cut carnations （康乃馨） retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃。

Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.Flowers are not intended by nature to live verylong.Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects,such as bees,for pollination （授粉）。

Afterthat,they quickly dry up and die.The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide （二氧化碳）,called respiration （呼吸）,generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color.The making of seeds also depends on this energy.While allliving things respire,flowers have a high level of respiration.A result of all this respiration is heat,andfor flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of theflower is very high.Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower.Thus the greater the level of respiration,the sooner the flower dies.How,then,to control the rate at which flowers die?By controlling respiration.How is respiration controlled?By controlling temperature.We know that respiration produces heat,but the reverse is also true.Thus by maintaining low temperatures,respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed.Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty or otherwise polluted.Even when water looks and smells clean,it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers.To rid the water of these unwantedsubstances,household chlorine bleach （漂白剂） can be used in small quantities.It is remended that 15 drops ofchlorine bleach （at 4% solution） be added to each litre of water.The water and solution should also be replaced each day.1 Paragraph 2.2 Paragraph 3.3 Paragraph 4.4 Paragraph 5.A Control of RespirationB Beauty of Fresh Cut FlowersC Role of RespirationD Most Important Aspect of Flower CareE Need for Clean WaterF Ways of Stopping Respiration5 A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers.6 Respiration plays a key role.7 The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down.8 Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is.A by keeping its original shape and colorB in the life of cut flowersC to produce carbon dioxideD for as long as possibleE by controlling temperatureF to replace the water and solution every day参考答案1.D2.C3.A4.E。

2020年职称英语考试练习题：综合类-概括大意

2020年职称英语考试练习题：综合类-概括大意概括大意For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of London's biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions?A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【准确答案】C【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者“…there are more men than are needed…when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is se ttled by giving each union two”，接下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着“33 per cent over manning, 33per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。

2020年理工类职称英语考试试题：概括大意

2020年理工类职称英语考试试题：概括大意1 You depend on all the people closely around to give you the warm feeling of belongingness （归属） that you must have to feel secure. But, in fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them. A person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound （一定的） to be a lonely wolf.2 The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much upon having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.3 Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You don't know them. When the game is over, you will all go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship, of sharing the feelings of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.4 An experience of this kind gives the clue （线索） to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Companions become friends when these ties are formed.5 When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintances （熟人）, you may not know with whom you will make friends,but-you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.1 Paragraph 2_________2 Paragraph 3_________.3 Paragraph 4_________ .4 Paragraph 5_________.A Making friends with new acquaintancesB Close link between companionship and belongingnessC How to satisfy other people's needsD An example of a satisfying relationshipE Difficulties in establishing friendshipsF What companionship really is5 If you had no one to share your feelings, your life would be_________.6 The warm feeling of belongingness may give you_________.7 The ability to establish fine relations with otherswill keep you_________ .8 You will find it hard to make friends withpeople_________.A without pityB sad and lonelyC emotionally healthyD without real love for themE a sense of securityF a lonely wolf[参考答案]1. B2. D3. F4. A5. B6. E7. C8. D。

2020年职称英语卫生类专项练习：概括大意

2020年职称英语卫生类专项练习：概括大意1 Telepathy is the ability to communicate without the use of the five senses(sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste).It is an instinct, and although quite dormant in many of us, we are often capable of tapping into our latent abilities in times of emergency or need.2 Where this instinct lies is uncertain.Some say that it is located in the huge area of our brains that are wholly unused, whereas others argue that instinct existed before the brain evolved and must therefore lie else-where in the body.3 When we intuitively know that something is happening, or about to happen, our instinct has kicked in.We are drawing upon resources within the unconscious mind. When the resources of two unconscious minds link together into the same frequency, we call it Telepathy.4 Telepathy can be either projective or perceptive, we either send or receive. If you know who is calling before you answer the ringing phone, you are probably a good receiver.If you think of a person, and they call you, you are most likely better at sending.5 You can easily put your abilities to the test.Think of somebody and will them to contact you.Be patient, the other person may not be a good receiver, but they should contact you much earlier than would normally be expected.Or whenever the phone rings, try "feeling" who's contacting you.Don't guess, try to feel the vibrations.However, if neither of these work for you, that doesn't mean that you are notcapable of telepathy.As mentioned earlier, telepathy is most likely to kick in under circumstances of emergency.6 Telepathic Dreams. Dreams often contain telepathic messages.Two people may both dream of the other, and findthat their dreams had a distinct connection.These people are probably mutually linking to the unconscious mind.Aprojection of the mind——a form of astral projection?7 Telepathy&Relationships The more people spend time together, the more likely they are to be able to link up to the others mind, especially when separated.There are two reasons for this.One is that they understand the others, mind through time spent together;the other is that there is usually a strong desire to communicate.1 Paragraph 3 _____.2 Paragraph 4 _____.3 Paragraph 5 _____.4 Paragraph 6 _____.A Telepathy is very common in our life.B how does Telepathy formedC you can test telepathy in daily lifeD Telepathy can be sent or receivedE Relationships affected TelepathyF Telepathic Dreams5 Telepathy is the ability _____.6 Telepathy is formed _____.7 you are a good Telepathy receiver _____.8 two close friends are more likely to have Telepathy_____.A when separatedB when they both dream of the otherC when our instinct and resources within the unconscious mind link togetherD only some people haveE to communicate without the use of the five sensesF If you know who is calling before you answer the ringing phone参考答案：1 B 2D 3 C 4 F 5E 6C 7 F 8 A。

职称英语概括大意的练习题

职称英语概括大意的练习题AlaskaIn 1858 Americans weled Alaska into the Union as the49th state, symbolizing a change of attitude that hold in 1867, when the peninsula was purchased from Russia. Then, most Americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers "of icebergs and polar bear"-beyond Canada s western borders, far from the settled areas of the United States.In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle, Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bear. Ice buried in the earth, which is permanently frozen to a depth of 90 or more meters, From early May until early August, the midnight sun never sets on this flat, treeless region, but the sun cannot melt the icy soil more than two-thirds of a meter down.Alaska is America s largest state, but only about325,000 people live there. Aording to estimates, 800,000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640,000 hectares are being cultivated.Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countless centuries. It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia, probably crossing Bering Strait, named for Vitus Bering, the Danish sea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741. TheEskimos are the state s earliest known inhabitants. Russian fur traders established settlements but, by the time Alaska was sold to the United States, most of the traders had departed.In 1896 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border. Thousand of Americans rushed to the region on their way to Klondike; so a me never returned. Alaska was never pletely cut off again, although even today transportation is a major problem.There are only two motor routes from the U.S mainland, and within the state, every town has its own airfield. Planesfly passengers, mail and freight to the most distant villages.The gold that changed life so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended, and although many stories about mining camps have bee part of American literature, the gold from Alaskan earth contributed less to economic progress than the fish from Alaska waters. The fish caught in a single year rangein value from $80 million to $ 90 million. Fur-bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams, and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters. After fishing, the state s chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp. In recent years, Alaska s single most important resource has bee oil. The state also has large deposits of coal, copper, gold and other minerals.1. Paragraph 32. Paragraph 43. Paragraph 54. Paragraph 6A) Rich resources of the stateB) Connections with the outside worldC) Transportation problemD) The natives of the landE) Cold climateF) Land and population5. For as long as three months of a year, the sun on the ice-covered land of Alaska.6. Aording to statistics, of the total area of Alaska has been used for farming.7. Alaska was originally part of Russia, but was bought .8. Gold did not bring to Alaska as much wealthA. as fish doesB. because of its rich natural resourcesC. by the United States in the 19th centuryD. shines day and nightE. only a very small percentageF. a limited amount of the gold found there.KEY：FDCADECA。