虚拟语气用法总结(超好)
(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结
虚拟语气用法小结一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件何.在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it。
如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。
)1。
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:2。
错综时间条件句:有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now。
如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。
(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)3。
省略连词if (倒装)。
在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或 should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装.Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it。
Were I to meet him tomorrow (= if I were to met him tomorrow), I should ask him about it。
要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。
Had I had the money last year (= if I had had the money last year), i would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了.Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话,自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给.4。
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。
例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
虚拟语气的用法归纳
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表达说话人的假设、愿望、猜测、建议等非现实的情况。
虚拟语气在英语中的使用非常广泛,包括情态动词、动词的过去式、过去完成时、be 型虚拟式等形式。
下面我将详细介绍虚拟语气的用法。
一、情态动词的虚拟语气1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I had money, I would travel around the world.2. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.3. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I were rich.4. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had studied harder.5. 表示与将来事实可能相反的愿望例如:I wish it would stop raining.二、动词的过去式的虚拟语气1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I knew the answer, I would tell you.2. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had seen the movie, I would have recommended it to you.三、过去完成时的虚拟语气1. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had had more time, I would have finished the work.2. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had gone to the party last night.四、be型虚拟式1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I were you, I would take the job.2. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I were in Hawaii now.五、混合虚拟语气1. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport.2. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had studied harder and passed the exam.六、虚拟语气的特殊用法1. 在某些形容词后面使用虚拟语气例如:It is important that you be on time.2. 在某些名词后面使用虚拟语气例如:It is necessary that he study harder.3. 在某些介词后面使用虚拟语气例如:I am glad that you came.以上是虚拟语气的用法归纳,希望对大家有所帮助。
虚拟语气用法总结(超好)
虚拟语气用法总结(超好)虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,它用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与过去事实相反的假设或愿望。
虚拟语气不仅存在于从句中,也可以出现在主句中。
虽然虚拟语气的用法较为多样,但是掌握其基本规则能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。
本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。
一、过去时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句当表示与现实相反的假设或条件时,使用虚拟条件句。
这种句子通常包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句,条件从句使用过去完成时,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。
例如:- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试。
)- If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.(如果我知道你要来,我就会准备晚餐。
)2. 虚拟表达愿望或建议当表达与现实相反的愿望或建议时,使用虚拟语气,即将过去时态的动词形式改为"would"加动词原形。
例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。
)- She suggested that he take a bus.(她建议他坐公交车。
)二、现在时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句与过去时的虚拟条件句类似,现在时的虚拟条件句也包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句。
条件从句使用"were to"结构或"should"加动词原形,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。
例如:- If I were to win the lottery, I would travel the world.(如果我中了彩票,我会周游世界。
虚拟语气的用法归纳
虚拟语气的用法归纳虚拟语气是英语中一种特殊的句式,它用来表达与事实相反或与实际情况有差别的意思。
它可以帮助我们表达不同形式的否定、虚拟假设、条件、建议、建议等。
本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行归纳,以便更好地理解它。
一、虚拟语气的基本概念虚拟语气是一种特殊的句式,它表示“如果”的意思,即“假如”,“要是”,“如果”,“就好了”,“就像”,“就算”等。
它可以表达不同形式的否定、虚拟假设、条件、建议、建议等。
二、虚拟语气的使用1. 否定形式:如果不,要是不,就算不,就好了不,就像不。
例句:If he didn't come, I wouldn't be here now.2. 条件形式:如果,要是,就算,就好了,就像。
例句:If it rains tomorrow, we'll have to cancel the picnic.3. 虚拟假设形式:如果,要是,就算,就好了,就像。
例句:If I had a million dollars, I'd travel around the world.4. 建议形式:如果,要是,就算,就好了,就像。
例句:If I were you, I would take this opportunity.三、虚拟语气的动词形式1. 一般时态:Should/would/could/might(动词原形)例句:I should go to bed early if I want to wake up early.2. 过去时态:should/would/could/might + have + 动词过去分词例句:I should have gone to bed earlier if I wanted to wake up early.3. 将来时态:should/would/could/might + be going to + 动词原形例句:I should be going to bed early if I want to wake up early.四、虚拟语气的重要点1. 虚拟语气使用在if引导的句子中,即虚拟条件句。
虚拟语气的用法总结
虚拟语气是一种在语法上表示非事实或假设情况的语气。
它常用于表达愿望、建议、要求、命令、假设条件和虚拟情况等。
以下是虚拟语气的用法总结:1. 表达愿望:- 与过去事实相反的愿望:希望+过去式例如:I wish I were there.(我希望我在那里。
)- 对未来的愿望:希望+动词原形例如:I hope it stops raining.(我希望它停止下雨。
)2. 表达建议、要求和命令:- 表达建议:(should) + 动词原形例如:They suggested (that) he should take a break.(他们建议他休息一下。
)- 表达要求:(would) + 动词原形例如:He asked that she would close the door.(他要求她关上门。
)- 表达命令:(should) + 动词原形例如:It is important that you should arrive on time.(你准时到达很重要。
)3. 表达假设条件:- 表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设条件:if + 过去式,would + 动词原形例如:If I were rich, I would travel around the world.(如果我富有,我会周游世界。
)- 表示与过去事实相反的假设条件:if + had + 过去分词,would + have + 过去分词例如:If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.(如果他学习更努力,他就能通过考试。
)4. 表达推测和假设:- 推测现在的事实:(should) + 动词原形例如:He is late. He should be stuck in traffic.(他迟到了。
他可能被堵在交通上了。
)- 对过去的推测:(should) + have + 过去分词例如:She has disappeared. She should have left early.(她已经消失了。
虚拟语气的用法总结
虚拟语气的用法总结虚拟语气是一种语法现象,常常用于表达非真实情况、假设情况、愿望意愿等。
在英语中,虚拟语气有两种形式:过去虚拟语气和现在虚拟语气。
下面是对虚拟语气的用法进行总结。
一、过去虚拟语气的用法:1. 表达不可能实现的愿望、欲望或建议:If only + 主语 + 过去完成时(had + 过去分词)例句:If only I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(要是我当初努力学习的话,我就能通过考试了。
)2. 表示对过去发生的事情的假设:If + 主语 + had + 过去分词, 主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形例句:If I had taken the bus, I would have arrived on time.(要是我坐公共汽车的话,我本能准时到达。
)3. 表示对与现在事实相反的情况的假设:If + 主语 + 过去式, 主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形例句:If I were you, I would apologize to her.(要是我是你的话,我会向她道歉。
)4. 表达对不可能实现的条件:If only + 过去式例句:If only I had a million dollars.(要是我有一百万美元该多好。
)二、现在虚拟语气的用法:1. 表达建议、命令等正式用法:表达建议:(should +动词原形/动词原形)例句:It's important (that) you should take some rest.(你应该休息一下,这很重要。
)表达命令:(应用“命令式”的虚拟形式)例句:It's vital (that) he be here on time.(他必须准时到达,这很重要。
)2. 表达愿望、要求、建议等陈述式的用法:It's time/It's high time + 过去式例句:It's time you went to bed.(你该去睡觉了,时间到了。
最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料
千里之行,始于足下。
最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料
虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非事实的情况的一种语气形式。
下面是对虚拟语气用法的总结:
1.表示假设:
- 表示与现在事实相反的假设:
- 与过去事实相反:If + 过去完成时,主句使用 would/could/might + have + 过去分词。
- 与现在事实相反:If + 过去时,主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。
- 与将来事实相反:If + 过去时,主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。
- 表示将来事实的虚拟:
- If + 一般现在时,主句使用 will/would/may/might/can/could + 动词原形。
2.表示愿望、建议和要求:
- 愿望:
- I wish + (that) + 从句(过去时)。
- If only + 从句(过去时)。
- 建议和要求:
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形。
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锲而不舍,金石可镂。
3.表示命令和建议:
- 命令:
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + 动词原形。
- 建议:
- It is (high) time + 过去式 + (that) + 主语 + 过去式。
以上是对虚拟语气用法的简要总结。
在实际运用中,需要根据具体情况选择适当的虚拟语气形式来表达所需的意思。
虚拟语气用法汇总
虚拟语气用法汇总一、虚拟语气在条件句中eg: If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.If I were to go abroad, I would go to America.注意:虚拟语气中的省略在条件句中,可省略if,把were ,had, should 提到句首,变为倒装句式.If I were at school again, I would study harder.Were I at school again, I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用(1)用于宾语从句1、用于wish后面的宾语从句中。
一般用虚拟语气,表示一种不可能实现的愿望。
其谓语动词形式为:表现在→过去时表过去→过去完成时表将来→would, might, could+动词原形I wish (that) I were a bird.I wish (that) I had seen the film last night.I wish (that) I would/could go.2、用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句中谓语动词用:(should)+ 动词原形。
insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.注意:suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时,insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时,应用陈述语气。
虚拟语气用法总结(完整)
虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。
(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。
(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。
(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。
(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。
I would have been able to meet her。
(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。
he would not have made such a mistake。
(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。
I would talk to him。
(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。
orders。
requests。
etc。
the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。
with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是指说话者虚构的一种语言形式,用来表达说话者对现实情况的假设、猜测、愿望或条件。
虚拟语气在中文中的使用非常广泛,涉及到多种语法结构和情境。
以下是对虚拟语气用法的归纳总结。
一、表示假设的虚拟语气1. 假设条件句假设条件句是虚拟语气的常见表现形式,通过“如果……就”“要是……就”等句式来表示假设情况。
例如:“如果我有钱的话,我就去旅行。
”“要是我能回到过去,我就不会犯同样的错误了。
”在这种情况下,虚拟语气表达了说话者对假设情况的想象或假设。
2. 表示对过去情况的虚拟对于已经发生的事情,我们常常需要使用虚拟语气来表示对过去情况的假设、愿望或遗憾。
例如:“要是我当初早点知道你的困难,我会帮助你的。
”“要是我早知道这本书这么好,我早就买了。
”在这些句子中,虚拟语气用来表达对过去情况的假设和遗憾的感受。
3. 表示不太可能实现的愿望虚拟语气也在表达愿望时发挥重要作用。
例如:“但愿我能成为一名科学家!”“但愿我们之间不曾发生过误会。
”这种虚拟语气则表达了对不太可能实现的愿望或希望的渴求。
二、表示建议、命令、要求的虚拟语气1. 否定句中的建议在否定句中,我们常常使用虚拟语气来表示建议或劝告。
例如:“你不如早点休息吧。
”“他不妨多读点书。
”这些句子表示一种建议或劝告,通过虚拟语气传达说话者对于被建议者的主观想法。
2. 表示礼貌的虚拟语气在书信、邀请和请求的语境中,虚拟语气被用来表示礼貌和尊重。
例如:“如果您有空,不妨来我家做客。
”“请求您尽快给予答复。
”这些句子中的虚拟语气传达了说话者的礼貌和尊重心态。
三、表示假设、推测的虚拟语气1. 表示假设的虚拟语气有时候,虚拟语气也可以用来表示对可能的假设或推测。
例如:“他说这话,可能是有所图。
”“今天天气这么糟,可能是要下雨了。
”在这些句子中,虚拟语气表达了说话者对可能的假设或推测。
2. 表示希望的虚拟语气虚拟语气也可以用来表示对未来情况的希望或愿望。
英语中虚拟语气用法总结
英语中虚拟语气用法总结1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气用于表达与现在相反的情况,即事情并不是现在所描述的那样。
通常用“were”引导虚拟语气。
例如:If I were you, I would quit this job.(如果我是你,我会辞职。
)2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气用于表达与过去相反的情况,即过去并不是现在所描述的那样。
通常用“had”引导虚拟语气。
例如:If I had known earlier, I would have attended the meeting.(如果我早知道,我会参加会议的。
)3. 与过去将来事实相反的虚拟语气用于表达过去将来时,即过去某个时间点以前就应该发生的事情并没有发生的情况。
通常用“had”引导虚拟语气。
例如:If I had finished my work earlier, I would have gone to the movieswith my friends.(如果我早点完成工作,我会和朋友去看电影的。
)4. 与现在将来可能性相反的虚拟语气用于表达现在将来的可能性,即可能会发生但不太可能的情况。
通常用“should”或“were to”引导虚拟语气。
例如:If I were to win the lottery, I would travel around the world.(如果我中了彩票,我会周游世界的。
)5. 与过去将来可能性相反的虚拟语气用于表达过去将来的可能性,即曾经可能会发生但最终却没发生的情况。
通常用“should”或“were to”引导虚拟语气。
例如:If I should fail the exam, I would have to retake it in three months.(如果我考试不及格,我就得三个月后再次参加考试。
)。
总结虚拟语气的用法
总结虚拟语气的用法一、虚拟语气的概念和特点1. 虚拟语气是指说话人表达一种假设、愿望、建议等非现实情况的语气。
2. 虚拟语气常出现在条件从句、宾语从句和表语从句中。
3. 虚拟语气的动词形式多为过去式,但并不表示过去时间。
而是表示与事实相反或与实际情况不符。
二、虚拟条件句1. 与现在事实相反:使用过去式“were”代替现在时态中的be动词。
“If I were you, I would study harder.”2. 与将来事实相反:使用过去完成时态“had + 过去分词”表示对未来可能出现或可能发生的事情进行预测,但后来这样的情况并没有真正发生。
“If he had worked hard, he would have passed the exam.”三、虚拟宾语从句1. 希望:根据希望/请求/命令等要求来构成宾语从句。
如:“I suggest that she go to bed early.”2. 意愿:用“would rather (that) …”结构作主句,并以“过去式+动词原形”来表示虚拟语气。
例如:“I would rather he went to the party.”四、虚拟表语从句1. 形容词后接虚拟表语从句:使用“were”代替“was”。
例如:“It is necessary that he were here.”2. 动词后接虚拟宾语从句:使用过去时态来表示与事实不符合的情况。
例如:“He made it clear that they accept his offer.”五、其他虚拟语气的用法1.祝愿句中的虚拟语气。
如果所希望或者祝愿的事是不可能实现的,需要用到虚拟语气。
如:“May you have a happy birthday!”2.感叹句中的虚拟语气。
当说话人对某事或者某种情况表示惋惜或者遗憾时,也常常会使用虚拟语气。
如:“If only I had known this earlier!”六、总结在英语中,虚拟语气作为一种特殊的谓语形式,表达了一种与现实相反或与实际情况不符的假设、愿望等非现实情况。
关于英语虚拟语气的用法总结
关于英语虚拟语气的用法总结英语虚拟语气的用法总结11、表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:主语+过去时主句:主语+should/would/could/might+doeg:1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞.(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg:1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她. (事实:去晚了)2.If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了. (事实:没有听我的话)3、表示对将来情况的主观推测从句:主句①if+主语+were to do :①主语+should/would/could/might+do②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+doeg:如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈.(事实:来的可能性很小)2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了.(事实:不知能否下雪)3.If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末.英语虚拟语气的用法总结2第一部分:语气的定义和种类1 语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对其中一行为或事情的看法和态度。
虚拟语气用法总结
虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气概述:虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句中的谓语用过去式(be用were),主句用would/coul d/mightshould+动词原形。
If I were you, I would buy the computer.如果我是你,我就会买这台电脑。
2.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,从句谓语过去式(be用were)/should+动词原形/were t o+动词原形,主句谓语would/could/might/should do.If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.我如果明天见到他,会邀请他到家里来。
3.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句谓语should/would/could/might+have+过去分词,If 条件从句的谓语形式had+过去分词词。
If the weather had been nice yesterday,we would have gone swimming.如果昨天天气好的话,我们就去游泳了。
4. wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,从句的谓语形式虚拟情况与现在事实相反用:过去式(be用were)与过去事实相反had+过去分词与将来事实相反would/ could/might+动词原形I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.我希望我是一只鸟,可以在天空中自由地飞翔。
虚拟语气的用法与情况总结
虚拟语气的用法与情况总结虚拟语气是一种用来表达非事实的语气,它主要用于表示说话者的愿望、建议、推测、假设等情况。
在中文中,虚拟语气通常通过动词形式的变化或者使用特定的语气词来表达。
在下文中,将对虚拟语气的主要用法进行总结。
一、表示愿望虚拟语气可用来表达说话者的愿望或希望,常见的情况如下:1. 希望某事发生:- If only + 主语 + 过去式- I wish/If only + 主语 + would/could + 动词原形例如:- If only I had more free time to relax.- I wish I could visit Paris someday.2. 表示对过去事实的悔恨:- I wish/If only + 主语 + had + 过去分词例如:- I wish I had studied harder for the exam.二、表示建议或命令虚拟语气还可以用来表示建议或命令的情况,常见的用法如下:1. 建议:- (I suggest/recommend) + (that) + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如:- I suggest that you should take a break and relax.2. 命令:- (I demand/insist) + (that) + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如:- I demand that he should apologize for his behavior.三、表示假设当我们讨论假设、虚构或与事实相反的情况时,虚拟语气可用来表达,常见的情况如下:1. 虚拟条件句:- If + 主语 + 过去式,主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形例如:- If I were rich, I would travel the world.2. 虚拟假设:- If + 主语 + were,主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形例如:- If I were you, I would apologize to her.四、表示推测或假设除了表示真实的假设,虚拟语气还可以用来表示推测或假设的情况,常见的用法如下:1. 推测:- It is (high/about) time + 主语 + (过去式)例如:- It is high time you went to bed.2. 假设:- Suppose + 主语 + (过去式)例如:- Suppose she didn't arrive on time, what would you do?综上所述,虚拟语气被广泛应用于表达愿望、建议、推测和假设等情况。
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气用法归纳一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法虚拟语气在条件句中的用法是英语语法中的重要内容,也是中国学生容易出错的地方。
在英语条件句中,如果虚拟语气使用不当,往往会使句子产生歧义,甚至造成语法错误。
因此,我们需要特别注意虚拟语气的用法。
1.与现在事实相反如果条件句中的动作与现在的事实相反,那么虚拟语气的形式为:从句使用“if+主语+动词的过去式”,主句使用“主语+would+动词原形”。
例如:If I were you, I would choose to study abroad.2.与过去事实相反如果条件句中的动作与过去的事实相反,那么虚拟语气的形式为:从句使用“if+主语+had+过去分词”,主句使用“主语+would+have+过去分词”。
例如:If I had known the answer, I would have told you.3.与将来事实相反如果条件句中的动作与将来的事实相反,那么虚拟语气的形式为:从句使用“if+主语+动词的过去式”,主句使用“主语+would+动词原形”。
例如:If I were to go to the party, I would wear a pretty dress.二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法也是英语语法中的重要内容之一。
在英语名词从句中,虚拟语气通常用于表示建议、要求、命令等语气,常用的结构包括“It is+形容词+that+从句”和“It is+名词+that+从句”。
例如:It is important that we should learn English well.三、虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法也是英语语法中的重要内容之一。
在英语定语从句中,虚拟语气通常用于表示假设、条件等语气,常用的结构包括“who/which+would+动词原形”和“that+would+动词原形”。
例如:I would go to the party if I were you.四、虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法也是英语语法中的重要内容之一。
虚拟语气用法总结(完整)
虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。
在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态:现在时,过去时,将来时。
在中的应用:条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在什么情况下用虚拟语气在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时,用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。
[]虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句eg .If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。
( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。
(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。
(非真实条件状语从句)If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。
(非真实条件状语从句)2、在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:if+主语+did/be(were)+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他例:1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:不知道)3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
虚拟语气用法总结(超好_原创)
虚拟语气概念:谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图,这种形式称为语气。
语气分三种:1.陈述语气:用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法,有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。
He is late for class. What fun!He is not interested in classical music.2.祈使语气:用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等(动词常用原形)Don’t be late!3.虚拟语气:表示说话人所说的不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
一、虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中虚拟条件从句(If) 主句与现在事实相反的假设主语+did/were 主语+should / would/could / might + do与过去事实相反的假设主语+ had done 主语+ should / would/ could / might +have done与将来事实相反的假设主语+1.did主语+should / would/could / might + do2.should do3.were to do1.如果我是你,我会接受他的建议。
If I were you, I would accept his advice.2.如果明天下雨,我会待在家里。
If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.3.如果你以前好好学习,你会通过考试的。
If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.A.drove; didn’t getB.drove; wouldn’t getC.were driving; wouldn’t gethad driven; wouldn’t have got________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.A.Were ShouldC.WouldD. Will注意:1.错综时间虚拟语气当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
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It’s suggested that the plan should be carried out. the party (should)be It is suggested that______________________ held on Saturday _____________________.
四、虚拟语气的其他用法
1. as if / as though(好像)+从句(与wish一样)
be --were
与过去事实相 反的假设
与将来事实相 反的假设
had done
过去式(be--were) should / would/
should do
were to do
could / might + do
1.如果我是你,我会接受他的建议(现在虚拟)
If I were you, I would accept his advice. 2.如果明天下雨,我会待在家里。(将来虚拟) If it rained(should rain/were to rain )tomorrow, I would stay at home. 3.如果你以前好好学习, 你会通过考试的。
stolen He insisted that he hadn’t ____________(not steal) the money . (should) be set (set) free. He insisted that he _____________
3.在 would rather
宁愿 would prefer would sooner +宾语从句中 had rather would as soon
2.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
Should it rain tomorrow,…….
3.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam. Had you studied hard before,……
3.Without / But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. =If it had not been for your help, …
Without electricity, human being life ______ quite different today. A.is
与现在或将来事实相反 与过去事实相反 过去时 过去完成时 动词过去式/were had done
came I would rather you ______(come) here now. came I would rather you ______(come) here tomorrow. hadn’t told (not tell)me the I would rather you __________ truth yesterday.
与过去事实相反
与将来 事实相反
Should/would/could/might +动词原形
I wish (that)he________________(visit) us tomorrow. would visit
visited I wish (that) he_________(visit)us today. had visited I wish he____________________________(visit) us yesterday.
The doctor suggested that he (should) try (try) to lose his weight. He insisted that we (should) tell ( tell)him the news.
注意: suggest:表明,暗示 陈述语气 建议 虚拟语气 was(be)ill . Her pale face suggested that she _____ (should) be sent Her friends suggested that she ________________(send) to hospital immediately. Insist:坚持说, 坚持要求 陈述语气 虚拟语气
2.错综时间虚拟语气
当从句与主句时间不一致时,动词的形式要根 据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
had followed If you ____________(follow)my advice just would be now, you _________(be)better now. had studied If you __________(study)hard before, you _______(be)a college student now. would be
3.It is/was suggested /ordered / demanded / proposed / (1234)+that +主语+(should)+V原形
一个坚持 insisted
两道命令 ordered, commanded 三条建议 advised, suggested, proposed
A.had scored B.scored C.would score D.would have scored
二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用 1,It’s necessary/strange/natural/important/ impossible …that 主语+(should)+动词原形
he ( should ) say so It is strange that_______________________. 他居然会这样说,真是奇怪。 he be sent to Beijing It is necessary that___________________________.
虚拟语气
Байду номын сангаас
概念: 虚拟语气:表示说话人所说的不是事实, 而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。
一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中
虚拟条件从句(If)
与现在事实相 反的假设
过去式
主 句
should / would/
could / might + do should / would/ could / might + have done
=If I hadn’t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.
D.would not have been polluted
3、含蓄虚拟语气 在虚拟语气中,并不总是出现if引导的条件句, 而通过其它手段来代替条件句。 常用的有otherwise ,or ,without,but for(倘没 有,要不是)等。
1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge. A.Were B. Should
C.Would
D. Will
If it should rain tomorrow (省略if,用部分倒装)
B.will be
C.would have been
D.would be
But for his help, I ______.
A.should not have succeeded
B.have not succeeded
C.did not succeed
D.had not succeeded
He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal.
• I wish I _____ the meeting last week. A. could attend B. attended • C. have attended D. had attended
2.在表示坚持,要求,命令,建议的宾语从句中 insist 一个坚持 ______________ 两个命令 ______________ order, command advise, suggest, propose 三个建议 __________________________ 四个要求 __________________________ demand, require, request, desire +that 主语+( should )+ V原形
If you ______ with George earlier, you _____ so angry now.
A.talked; would not be
B.had talked; would not be
C.would talk; would not be
D.had talked; would not have been
1. It is required that you ____ at six.