自考英语二(新版) 原文 Unit 10 Ode to Public Transportation
山东自考英语二Unit_10
Unit10Text A Working Women --— East and West 东西方的职业妇女Work，for most American and Chinese women aged 55 and under，involves responsibility( n.责任，责任心；职责) for a household，a child or children，and a job outside the home as well （也）．It all adds up to a busy life．对于大多数55岁或55岁以下的美国妇女和中国妇女来说，工作包括家务、照顾一个或几个孩子以及一份家庭以外的工作，所有这些加起来就是忙碌的生活。
How is it going for them —for us?她们现在的情况怎么样?我们中国的情况又怎么样呢?Experts have observed [ vt.&vi.观察] that life forms a different sort of (adv.有几分地a.有几分地) pyramid for women in China than in the United States．专家学者已经注意到，对中美两国妇女来说，生活形成的“金字塔”形状各不相同。
In China，nearly all young mothers are employed(被雇佣) outside the home，with their numbers decreasing [ vt./vi./n.减小，减少] as they approach middle age．在中国，几乎所有年轻的母亲都有职业，但随着年龄步人中年，人数越来越少。
The reasons are clear：the second income of the woman is an absolute(绝对的) necessity(必要性) for a young family with a child or two．原因很清楚：对于有一两个孩子的夫妇来说，妻子的这第二笔收入绝对是必要的。
山东自考英语二课文原文及翻译(精选)
山东自考本科英语二课本原文及翻译Unit 1 Text AHow Difficult Is English? 英语有多难Like the national push for Asian literacy （n.有文化，有教养，有读写能力）in Australia，there has been foreign languages fervor in China，with English on top of the list.就如澳大利亚在全国推行学亚洲语言一样，中国也掀起一股外语热，在这股热潮中，英语高居榜首。
English is not only taught at schools，colleges and universities，but also at evening classes，on radio and TV．不仅各级学校教英语，夜校、电台、电视台也都设有英语课程。
Parents hire private tutors for their school children；adult English learners would sacrifice the weekend at an English corner in a public park practicing their spoken English with peop1e of the same interest and determination.父母为学龄的孩子聘请英语家教，成年英语学习者会牺牲周末休息日，到公园参加英语角，与志趣相投的英语学习者练习口语。
Is English such a difficult language that it really demands people to invest a large amount of time and energy before it is mastered ?英语真的有这么难，需要人们投入大量的时间和精力才能掌握吗?The answer，if I am asked to offer，is undoubtedly，yes．如果我被问及这个问题，那么毫无疑问，我的答案是：是的。
自考英语二课文译文习题 Unit 10
10-A. The Campaign for ElectionA 竞选运动Although presidential elections occur every 4 years, many people feel that they do not have a true understanding of how presidential campaigns operate.尽管总统选举每四年举行一次，许多人还是感到他们并没有真正理解总统竞选是如何进行的。
The winner in the November general election is almost certain to be either the Republican or the Democratic nominee. A minor-party or independent candidate, such as George Wallace in 1968, John Anderson in 1980, or Ross Perot in 1992 and 1996, can draw votes away from the major-party nominees but stands almost no chance of defeating them.在11月份大选中的获胜者几乎肯定是共和党提名的人或者是民主党的提名的人。
小党派或独立的候选人，如1968年的乔治·华莱士，1980年的约翰·安德森，1992年和1996年的罗丝·佩罗等，也许会从大党的提名人那里拉走一些选票，但几乎没有可能战胜他们。
A major-party nominee has the critical advantage of support from the party faithful. Earlier in the twentieth century, this support was so firm and steady that the victory of the stronger party's candidate was almost a certainty. Warren G. Harding accepted the 1920 Republican nomination at his Ohio home, stayed there throughout most of the campaign, and won a full victory simply because most of the voters of his time were Republicans. Party loyalty has declined in recent decades, but more than two-thirds of the nation's voters still identify themselves as Democrats or Republicans, and most of them support their party's presidential candidate. Even Democrat George McCiovern, who had the lowest. level of party support among recent nominees, was backed in 1972 by nearly 60 percent of his party's voters.大党提名人具有得到本党的忠实信徒支持这一关键优势。
自考英语二 课件 Unit 10
v 2. "There can be no doubt that the transportation sector is the most critical sector of our economy." 毫无疑问，交通是我们经济体系最至关重要 的领域。
v 联想：-ian作为名词后缀：musician, Italian, Asian, comedian, tragedian等。
v stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的；牢固的 v stability n.稳定（性），稳固 v unstable adj.不稳固的； 不坚定的 v instability n.不稳定，不稳固；
他因为生病, 所以才缺席。
v 7. be reliant upon/on 依赖；依靠
e.g.:The charity is completely reliant on public donations. 这一慈善团体完全依靠公众捐款。
v 8. While the use of petroleum for other economic sectors, such as industrial and electricity generation, has remained relatively stable, the growth in oil demand is mainly attributed to the growth in transportation demand.
v disadvantage n.不利，劣势，短处
v 联想：merit(优点 ), demerit(缺点 )
00015英语二课文精讲讲义(10)
00015英语二课文精讲讲义（10）Unit 10 Ode to Public Transport(公共交通的颂歌)一谈到“公共交通”你会想到什么？是的，环保，低碳。
现在有一句流行语：“今天你低碳了吗？”.选用公共交通有几个众所周知的优点：1.省钱；2.环保；3.减少对能源的依赖；4.方便，快捷Text A The Importance of Public Transportation (公共交通的重要性) 短文共12个段落，领读课文和单词！一：本课重点词汇讲解，学习1.proclaim: v宣布，宣告，表明如： She did not proclaim her intention.2.necessity: n必需品，必要性； necessary: adj必要的；反义词：unnecessary: adj如：1).Food is necessary to maintain life.2). You must understand the necessity of education.3.arrangement: n安排； arrange: v如：1). They had an arrangement that the children would spend two weeks with each parent.2). Would it be possible to arrange a meeting for Wednesday morning?4.expense: n费用；expensive: adj 昂贵的如：The rent on his apartment was his biggest monthly expense.5.annually: adv一年一次地； annual: adj如：1). It's an annual report.2). The exhibition is held annually.6.household: n一家人，家庭；adj 家喻户晓的；householder: 户主，家长如：1).She became a household name in the 1960s.2).I grew up as part of a large household.mute: n上下班路程，v 通勤；同根词：commuter: n如：1). Mike commutes to London every day.2). The number of commuters to London has dropped by 100,000.3). The average Los Angeles commute is over 60 miles a day.8.switch: v/n改变，开关如：1).Where is the light switch?2). She switched her attention to films two years ago.9.transport: n运输工具；v运输，运送；transportation: n 交通运输系统如：1). Transport has always been the key to developing trade.2). public transportation （公共交通）10.carbon: n碳；low-carbon life低碳生活；carbon dioxide二氧化碳；carbon monoxide一氧化碳11.majority: n大多数；如：The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.12.wean: v逐渐戒除恶习如:It can be extremely difficult to wean children off junk food.13.dependence: n依靠，依赖；dependent: adj依靠的；depend:v 依靠，依赖（单词的字根）；independence: n 独立； independent: adj独立的如：1). The music festival is heavily dependent on sponsorship for its success.2).All living things depend on the sun for their growth.3). The country got its independence ten years ago.14.approximately: adv大约; approximate: v 接近于；adj 大概的如：1). His description of what happened approximated to the truth。
自考汉语言本科：00015英语二讲义Unit10OdetoPublicTransport1003
自考汉语言本科：00015英语二讲义Unit10OdetoPublicTransport1003III. 部分练习讲解P305 Bridging the GapDirections: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes thepassage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.解题方法：把词分类动词形容词代词/限定词compared to low anotherrequire personalrunning out of economicrefers to positivelimitedOften referred to as green transport, sustainable transportation is the way ofthe future. Transport powered by gas and petrol is running on a 1 limitedtimeframe（时间范围，期限）, as both these sources are unsustainable in the long run. Incontrast, sustainable transportation offers an option to a world rapidly 2running out ofrenewable（可再生的）fuel sources. It 3 refers toany kind of transportthat has a low impact on the environment, such as walking, cycling, masstransit, green vehicles, and car pooling（集体用车，拼车）, amongst others.Any mode of transport is deemed sustainable if it has a 4lowenvironmentalimpact and uses little or no fuel. Walking is the best example of sustainabletransportation, as it does not 5 requireany gas. However, walking can beimpractical if you are travelling longer distances. Cycling is 6 another greentransport option and is a far more practical option for longer commutes.Using public transportation, such as buses or trains, is also more sustainable 7compared toprivate vehicles. The amount of fuel used to transport a bus full ofpeople is more effective compared to a single person driving a 8 personal car. Asustainable transport system has a 9 positiveimpact on the environment, andhelps to promote social and 10 economicsustainability（可持续性）in the communitiesit serves. Increased mobility usually results in better socio-economicconditions:。
2014年自考英语(二)资料(-unit-10)
2014年自考英语(二)资料(-unit-10)Unit 10 Ode to Public TransportOde to Public Transport补充重要单词trans-words：transmit / transform / transplant / transport / transfer / transittransmit v. 传送，传染，传播（热，光，声音等）a disease that can be transmitted to humansInsects can transmit disease.Irons transmit heat. 铁能导热。
Water transmits sound better than air. 水比空气能更好的传声。
transmission n. 传送，传染，传播the transmission of diseases 疾病的传播transform v. 使改变性质，使改观transform sth/sb (from sth) (into sth)She transformed the room by painting it.The climate has transformed the area from a desert into a swamp.(沼泽)Caterpillars can be transformed into butterflies. 毛毛虫可以变为蝴蝶。
transformation n. 改变，改观His character seems to have undergone a complete transformation since his marriage. transplant v./n 移植transplant sth from sb/sth to sb/sthtransplant a kidney （肾）from one twin to the othertransport v./n. 运输，搬运transport wheat from a farm to a mill (磨坊)public transport 公共交通transportation n. 交通，运输various means of transportation 各种交通方式注意：transport和transportation都可以表示运输这个抽象概念。
《英语二》,第10课
第10课Text AWorking Women-East and West Work, for most American and Chinese women aged 55 and under, involve responsibility for a household, a child or children, and a job outside the home as well. It all adds up to a busy life. How is it going for them – for us?Experts have observed that life forms a different sort of pyramid for women in china than in the United States. In china, nearly all young mothers are employed outside the home, with their numbers decreasing as they approach middle age. The reasons are clear: the second income of the woman is an absolute necessity for a young family with a child or two. Later on, when the children grow up, the older couple can more easily live on the husband’s earnings plus the wife’s pension, and fewer middle-aged women continue in employment.The pyramid for American women is the opposite, with fewer young women employed, and the number increasing at older ages. Many young mothers have found it more efficient to stayhome, care for children themselves, and then find employment later when the children are older and more independent. But rising costs of living are requiring more young American women to help support their families, and it is increasingly true that young American women want to have jobs.But the American working mother often feels troubled by the complexity of her life. Childcare is unreliable and expensive. Childcare workers have low status and are not well educated and are poorly paid– they are often women who are unable to get better jobs. Thus the American working mother always has the worry that her child is not being as well cared for as she hopes, and the cost of babysitters or private enterprise daycare centers can cost half or more of her salary. Other worries distract her from good performance at her job: what if the babysitter gets sick? What will her employer think if she has to stay at home with a sick child? What if the car, necessary to get the child to the daycare center and herself to and from her job, breaks down? Few people live close enough to their work or the childcare center to accomplish this on foot or by bicycle, as in china.In china, grandmothers play an invaluable role in taking careof children and households while the young parents are at work. It seems like an ideal arrangement– the grannies become important members of the family, and they are housed and fed in return–although in crowded homes that most American would not enjoy. In America, an older woman who had to fill this role would be likely to feel she was being made a kind of servant. She may feel lonely sometimes, but generally is proud of being self-sufficient. Both she and her family tend to feel she deserves to be free of childcare now, having reared the large family of the 1950s baby boom.On the job, Chinese women seem more confident, despite their traditional pretty manners, than do American women in their work place. American women seem less inclined to speak up easily to the boss. Young Chinese women at wok seem more bold and less self-conscious. The work unit is more like a large family, where the youngest workers feel at ease with the “mom” and “dad” of the group. American women act either as if they doubt that they really belong at work among the men, or they are constantly looking for evidence of discrimination against them.At home, while Chinese men seem to be performing more household duties such as cleaning, cooking, shopping and caringfor children than they used to, and American men are also becoming much more willing to “help”, it seems only realistic to say that people the world over still regard these as basically women’s tasks and therefore women’s responsibility, no matter who may do them on any given day. They are a heavy burden on both Chinese and American women, but Chinese women seem to shoulde r them more firmly and more cheerfully.American women do have varied and complex concerns: in addition to work at home and on the job, a woman feels that she must make an attractive home that reflect s her family’s status, she must present an attractive appearance at work, and above all, she must be a good companion to her husband.Chinese women are freer of the competition for status, especially as represented by their homes, and both men and women have a great deal of companionship in their work unit. Chinese women also look attractive at work, but they achieve it more casually and simply, and do not seem to feel that their career progress depends on the way they look.Which system is better for the woman? What we expect inlife and what we are used to would strongly influence our evaluation. Looking at women in both china and the United States, one cannot help but be impressed with their-our-strength, competence and general good cheer. Our nations could not run without us.Text BWomen’s LiberationBy Alice HorningDo you know anything about the women's liberation movement? What are the ideas and goals of women's liberation? What issues are women's liberation concerned with? Does everyone agree with the ideas and goals of women's liberation?Have you heard of the women’s liberation movement? It began in the 1960s. It was started by women who were concerned about their identity, their role in society, and their work, and about the view of women that many people held. Now many American women are deeply concerned about these things. These women would like better and more interesting lives for all women everywhere.There are many aspects of the women’s liberation movement.Some women agre e with all of the goals of women’s liberation. They want full equality with men in every aspect of life. In marriage, they want husbands and wives to share all of the work and responsibilities of a home and family. In work, they want women and men to have the same jobs and the same chance to succeed. They want women to be paid just as much as men are for the same work. Other women only agree with some of the ideas of women’s liberation. They want the same pay if they hold the same job as a man. At home, however, they do not expect their husbands to share in the cleaning, cooking, and other household jobs.It is important to remember that the women’s liberation movement is not concerned only with concrete issues. The movement is also concerned with attitudes and beliefs. One example of this concern is the issue of a woman’s identity. A woman’s identity is what she thinks of herself as a person, who she thinks she is, and what she thinks she can do. Some women do not think they are capable of doing anythin g important.1 The women’s liberation movement would like to help these women improve their view of themselves. Many women who are concerned with women’s liberation have taken jobs, have helped others, have raised healthy children, and have done many other things to contribute to their communities.2 They have shown that they are capable of being goodleaders and of doing many important things.A second issue of the women’s liberation movement is the question of women’s roles. Should a woman work outside the home? Should she work if she is married and has children? Or should she stay home to take care of her husband and children? What will the rest of society think of her if she enters a profession or has a career? What will other people think if she wants to stay home and raise a family? These questions do not have just one correct answer. Every woman must decide her own role. The women’s liberation movement is trying to make it possible for a woman to decide what she wants to do. The movement also wants to make it possible for her to do the best and the most she possibly can.If a woman decides to take a job outside the home, there are many important questions which are raised. Can she get any job she is capable of and qualified for? Or are some jobs closed to her because she is a woman? If she gets a job and some of her fellow workers are men doing the same work, will she be paid as much as they are? This issue is considered important in the United States. The government has passed some laws to try to help women get any job for which they are qualified, and to help them get the same pay as a man for doing the same work. The government has also passed a law to encourage businesses that get money from the government to befair to women and minority groups. This is called the Affirmative Action Law. It says that if a company is not fair to women and other minority groups, the government will not do business with that company. This encourages businesses to provide equal opportunity for women.Many peo ple agree with the ideas and goals of women’s liberation. They feel that women ought to be considered equal to men in every way. They feel that a woman should be able to decide to stay home and raise a family, or to stay home and not raise a family, or to go out and work, or to have a job outside the home and a family as well. They feel a woman should be able to do anything that she wants to do and can do. Other people are opposed to women’s liberation.3 They do not think that women should have the same jobs and the same pay as men. They believe that men should do most or all of the important work. They feel that women belong at home, taking care of men and children. Many husbands do not want their wives to work outside the home. Some women agree with these men. People who believe in women’s liberation do not feel that it is bad for a woman to remain at home if she wants to. They believe that work in the home is important and should be respected. But they want to make sure that a woman works at home because s he wants to, and not because she can’t get a job outside the home,or because she does not believe that she can do anything useful in her community.The women’s liberation movement is trying to give women a chance to show what they can do. Perhaps a woman will find the cure for our most serious disease. Perhaps a woman will solve the energy crisis. Perhaps women and men, working together, will be able to accomplish important things better and sooner than men would if men were working alone. If the wome n’s liberation movement is successful, we will have a chance to find out.Each man and each woman must decide whether he or she agrees with the ideas of the women’s liberation movement completely, partly, or not at all. Whether you agree or disagree with women’s liberation, you know that it has begun to change our lives.。
国考自考英语二课文译文Unit 10 0de to Public Transport
Unit 10 0de to Public Transport参考译文对话范例请朗读下面的对话，注意说话人投诉的方式。
顾客：我想见一下经理，我要投诉。
经理：我就是经理，夫人，请问有什么问题吗？顾客：在我们登记入住之前，你们是否已经让客房服务人员检查过房间？经理：怎么啦？出什么事了？顾客：马桶坏了，浴室里也没水。
经理：您的房间号是多少？给您带来不便，深感抱歉。
我们会立刻将您安排到2002房间，那是一个套间，但是我们会按照正常的房价来收费的。
请接受我们的歉意。
顾客：当然了。
非常感谢您的帮助。
经理：很愿意为您效劳，夫人。
您可否先在大厅里喝点饮料，我们给您准备新的房间？您光临我们酒店，真是蓬荜生辉啊。
TextA读前问题：1．你认为使用公共交通方式是至关重要的吗？理由是什么？2．你能给那些使用公共交通方式的人提出一些什么建议呢？公共交通方式的重要性美国一位国会议员曾经说过，“毫无疑问，交通是我们经济体系中最至关重要的领域。
”我确切地知道他说的是什么意思。
在目前这个时代，能够利用公共交通是必需的。
公共交通指的是能够供公众使用的一种服务，价格低廉，更利于环保。
考虑到其他乘客的需求，他们与你搭乘同一班车，或乘坐同一艘船，与你的安排也相似，因此公共交通不是能供个人使用的交通服务，无法为个人提供交通便利（虽然在某种程度上，你也许可以做到，比如在火车或者轮船上交费租用车厢或者套间）。
我亲身体验过公共交通的重要性。
我住在塞班岛，属于美国的领土，在那里，我们所能使用的公共交通方式就是旅游车和校车。
只有自己的汽车或者自行车，或者租车，或者预付出租车司机车费，才能把你从A 地拉到B地。
否则的话，每天上班就得顶着骄阳，汗流浃背。
刚来到这里的时候，我步行上下班，步行去商店，拖着重重的东西走回家。
我步行去教堂，那时候自己没有车，几乎从来没去过离家方圆20英里以外的地方，因此，刚刚成为单身妈妈，我考虑着租一辆车或者搭出租车，这样的开销比较适合我当时的状况。
英语(二)自学教程 Unit 10 Text A-The Importance of Public Transportation
electrical: 【 学习策略---比较法】 device equipment battery motor fan current wave generator fault test engineering electric： 强调与电有直接的关系,1)由电作为动力驱动；2)导/带电 的；3) 发电的 electrical： 强调与电有间接的关系, economic: 【 学习策略---比较法】 1) 经济的，经济上的 2) profitable 有利可图的，赚钱的 economical: 经济的，省钱的 经济型轿车 这样做经济，而且不会破坏环境 It is economical to do so and ecologically sound.
directlyfrompersonalexperience亲身经历的一手usterritoryclosethingswehave我住在塞班岛美国的海外领地与我们的生活联系最密切的公共交通服务使旅游车和校车
New Words Learning
proclaim: formally make sth known to the public宣布/宣告/声明 ～ sth/ ～that…. 【 学习策略---近义词法】
The Importance of Public Transportation
topic sentences of each para
For one thing, compared with private cars, public transportatio could save energies, esp, exhaustible resources, which are the contributing factors to air pollution and global warming. For another thing, streets could be less crowded, which could, in turn, ease traffic pressure and save car accidents, if the majority of people travel by public transport.
英语(二)自考-课后习题答案.docx
Unit 1 The Power of Language参考译文对话范例请朗读下面的对话，注意说话者提出建议的方式。
史蒂夫：嗨，珍妮，想不想这周末一起做点什么？珍妮：当然了。
做什么呢？史蒂夫：不知道。
你有什么想法吗？珍妮：看电影怎么样？史蒂夫：好主意。
看什么电影呢？珍妮：那就看《机动部队4》吧。
史蒂夫：我不想看那部电影，我不喜欢看充满暴力的影片。
《疯狂的布朗医生》怎么样？听说很有趣。
珍妮：好的。
就看这部吧！几点开始？史蒂夫：8点在瑞克斯影院。
看电影之前我们吃点东西怎么样？珍妮：当然了，好主意。
去新开的意大利餐馆梅开缓吧。
史蒂夫：太好了16点钟在那不见不散。
珍妮：好的。
6点钟梅开缓见。
再见。
史蒂夫：再见。
指导实践要求：给你的朋友提一些建议，告诉他们什么地方适合度假。
利用你自己的信息，也可以运用下面的提zKo 你想去 ... 吗？我们去……好吗？我们去……吧。
我们为什么不去……呀？去怎么样？好主意。
谢谢你，给了我那么多好的建议。
TextA读前问题：1.通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你认为什么是积极阅读？2.你希望作者就批判性阅读提出什么样的建议呢？批判性阅读批判性阅读适用于非小说类文学写作，作者要么提出观点，要么陈述事实。
批判性阅读就是积极阅读，不仅仅要解决作者所说的话，还要对其提出质疑，进行评价，进而形成自己的独特的观点。
要想成为批判性读者，就要做到以下几点：考虑写作的语境。
你所阅读的文章，其作者的文化背景也许与你截然不同，抑或文章是以前写的，与你所处的时代也完全不同。
无论哪种情况，你都必须意识到你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度是不同的，要充分考虑这些差异。
质疑作者提出的观点。
不要按照字面意思来理解文章的內容，在此之前，一定要搞清楚作者是否提供了足够的证据，证明他的观点是正确的。
查找事实、例证和统计数据，还要看看作者是否结合了各学术权威的著作。
对比该文章与相关话题的其他文章。
看一下文章是否与别人写的相关话题的文章一致，如果有不一致之处，就要仔细评价作者所提供的证据。
自考英语二(新版)原文 Unit 10 Ode to Public Transportation
Unit 10 Ode to Public TransportationA Famous Quote:Plain living and high thinking.—William Wordsworth生活要朴素，情操要高尚。
——威廉.华兹华斯William Wordsworth (1770-1850), one of the greatest English poets. He was a leaderof the romantic movements in England and one of the greatest lyric poets in the history of English literature.Pre-reading Questions:1.Do you find it important to use public transportation? What are some of the reasons?你认为使用公共交通方式是至关重要的吗？理由是什么？2.What suggestions do you give to others on using public transportation?你能给那些使用公共交通方式的人提出一些什么建议呢？New Wordsproclaim n. to publicly and officially tell people about something important 宣布；宣告；声明sector n. a part of an area of activity, especially of a country's economy （尤指一国经济的）部门，领域，行业necessity n. a thing that you must have and cannot manage without 必需的事物；必需品arrangement n. a plan or preparation that you make so that something can happen 安排；筹备territory nd that is under the control of a particular country or ruler 领土；版图；领地upfront adv.if you pay money upfront, you pay it before any work has been done or before any goods are supplied 预付地；预交地sunburn n.the condition of having painful red skin because you have spent too much time in the sun 晒斑；晒伤groceries n.[pl.] food and other goods sold by a grocer or at a supermarket 食品杂货radius n.a straight line between the centre of a circle and any point on its outer edge；the length of this line 半径（长度）expense n. the money that you spend on something 费用；价钱annually adv.once a year 一年一次地household n. all the people living together in a house 一家人；家庭commute v.the journey that a person makes when they travel regularly by bus, train, car, etc.between their place of work and their home 上下班路程switch v. to change or make something change from one thing to another （使）改变，转变transport n.a vehicle or method of travel 交通车辆；运输工具；旅行方式carbon n. a chemical element 碳majority n. the largest part of a group of people or things 大部分；大多数wean v.to make somebody gradually stop doing or using something 使逐渐戒除恶习（或避免依赖…）dependence n.the state of needing the help and support of somebody/something in order to survive or be successful （生存或成功必需的）依靠，依赖，依存approximately ed to show that something is almost, but not completely, accurate or correct 大概；大约；约莫petroleum n.mineral oil that is found under the ground or the sea and is used to produce petrol/gas, paraffin, diesel oil, etc.石油；原油exception n. a thing that does not follow a rule 规则的例外；例外的事物electrical adj.connected with electricity；using or producing electricity 电的；用电的；发电的economic adj.connected with the trade, industry and development of wealth of a country, an area or a society 经济的；经济上的；经济学的electricity n. a form of energy from charged elementary particles, usually suppliedas electric current through cables, wires, etc.for lighting, heating, driving machines, etc.电；电能stable adj.firmly fixed；not likely to move, change or fail 稳定的；稳固的；牢固的strengthen v.to become stronger；to make somebody/something stronger 加强；增强；巩固consequently adv.as a result；therefore 因此；所以lessen v.to become or make something become smaller, weaker, less important, etc.（使）变小，变少，减弱，减轻resource n.a supply of something that a country, an organization or a person has and can use, especially to increase their wealth 资源；财力ease n.the state of feeling relaxed or comfortable without worries, problems or pain 舒适；安逸；自在v.to make something easier 减轻；放松；缓和inhabitant n.a person or an animal that lives in a particular place （某地的）居民，栖息动物limited adj.not very great in amount or extent 有限的Phrases and Expressionsbask in to enjoy sitting or lying in the heat or light of something, especially the sun 晒太阳；取暖account for to be a particular amount or part of something （数量上、比例上）占be reliant upon to need somebody/something in order to survive, be successful, etc.依赖；依靠be attributed to to say or believe that something is the result of a particular thing 把…归因于；认为…是由于重点词汇proclaim n.to publicly and officially tell people about something important 宣布；宣告；声明eg: After its independence India was proclaimed a republic.印度独立之后宣布成立共和国。
自考本科段英语（二）课文Unit10
自考本科段英语（二）课文Unit10Unit 10 Scientific Attitudes Text A Science had its beginning when man started asking questions about his env ironment. He wondered where the sun went at night and why the sky was blue. He questioned why the wind blew and the leaves fell. He sought answers to these and other questions. Not all his answers were correct, but at least he did want to know.Curiosity and ImaginationScience began to develop rapidly when man laid aside his wrong beliefs and began to seek true explanations. Y oung children are curious about how things work. The child wants to take apart a watch to see what makes it work.Benjamin Franklin wondered about lightning. He combined his curiosity with imagination and carried out his well-known experiment to show that lightning and an electric spark are the sam e thing. Curiosity and imagination are important qualities which help stimulate the discovery of new facts and advance science.Belief in Cause and EffectScientifically minded people believe in a “cause-and-effect’’relationship. They feel there is a perfectly explanation for everything. For example, there is a good reason why some leaves turn red and others yellow in the fall. Changes such as these, which are easily observed, are called phenomena. Some common phenomena, however, are not completely understood. Still others cannot be explained at all at this time. In cases where the explanation is unknown the scientific point of view is that there is a reason if it can only be discovered.Being Open-MindedOpen-mindedness is also ex tremely important to a scientific attitude. This means the ability to face the facts as they are regardless of what one has previously thought. It includes an ability to accept new and sometimes even disagreeable ideas. The worker in science must face facts whether they are pleasant or unpleasant. He must expect many failures and be willing to try again. Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he succeeded in producing the first electric lamp.The solutions to real problems cannot be seen in advance. Scientists must be able to change their thinking and to adapt their theories to new facts as they are discovered. The mind cannot be made up once and for all. New knowledge may make a change in thinking necessary. This is another way of saying that man’s understanding is always less than perfect. What is accepted as true often is relatively, and not absolutely, true. A scientific truth offers an explanation that is acceptable only in the light of what is known at a particular time.Respect for the view s of othersAnother part of a scientific attitude is respect for the views of others. This is easy when these views are like one’s own. The difficulty comes up when their ideas are different. V iews which are entirely new or foreign may also be hard to accept.New ideas are frequently very slow to be accepted. Scientists such as Galileo, Louis Pasteur, and Edward jenner were laughed at because they held theories that were not accepted. Respect for new ideas is important for continued progress in all fields of knowledge.Opinions Based on EvidenceSometimes evidence is not complete. It may take time for new facts to become available. When they are available, a personmay have to change his mind. New findings may also require a “wait-and-see’’ attitude. For example, there is an experiment on the sprouting of seeds which has been running for more than 50 years. The purpose is to determine how long a time seeds can be buriedin the ground and still grow when proper conditions for growth exist. (596 words) (12) (30) Text BSolving problems ScientificallyThere are scientific ways in which man solves problems. Once his curiosity has been aroused, he uses certain methods and procedures to obtain new knowledge and greater understanding. Although the methods are not always the same, there are usually certain elements in the procedures that are similar.Recognizing the problem Problems must first of all be recognized. The right answers can be obtained only if the right questions are asked. A thoroughly understood problem is well started toward solution. Problems arise in a variety of ways. Sometimes they grow out of a chance observation. They may result from reading, from laboratory experiments, or simply from thinking. They also may result from new developments or from new or different human needs. T oday, for example, problems are arising from new discoveries in the fields of nuclear physics, biological engineering and microelectronics. The development of industry has also brought about large numbers. Of problems which have to be solved.Collecting Information Next, the scientist tries to learn as much as possible about it. Often this means going to the library and studying books whi ch contain accounts of man’s experience and knowledge of the problem. This is called searching the literatureThe scientist may find that others have already solved all or a part of the problem. Occasionally he finds answers to closely related questions, which give clues for solving the new one. In his search the scientist accumulates much background information. With these new ideas and facts he builds a firm foundation for solving the problem.. Organizing the Information After the scientist has finished this part of his work he will probably take the many facts which he has collected and organize them into some kind of system. This may be a logical classification or it may be a mathematical analysis. Usually the analysis will show unanswered questions. Sometimes it will suggest areas that are in need of further study. Perhaps one of the most important results of such an analysis is that it indicates certain truths, which generally are called inferences.Making a Hypothesis In making an inference the scientist has built up a hypothesis. A hypothesis is only a “best’’guess. It must next be tested.If it is correct, then certain things should follow. This means if a particular ex periment is carried out, certain observations ought to be possible or it should out, certain observations ought to be possible or it should be possible to make certain predictions.Should the observations or predictions turn out to be as expected, the scientist has added confidence in the probable truth of his hypothesis. If, however, observations cannot be made or the predictions are unreliable, then the hypothesis will probably be given up or at least modified.The Experiment The hypothesis must check with the facts. Scientific facts are usually established by work in the laboratory.Ex periments have to be made under carefully controlled conditions. Thorough and accurate records must be kept.In making certain kinds of experiments in science v ariables are used. A variable is something which has different values under different conditions. In one type of laboratory test all the variables but one are controlled. This method of testing is called controlled experimentation. (535 words) (7) (27)。
自考英语二真题及答案完整版2023作文
自考英语二真题及答案完整版2023作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Sorry, but I can't provide verbatim text from the 2023self-taught English exam paper and answers as it is a copyrighted material. However, I can help summarize the main topics and provide some sample questions from previous years if that would be helpful. Let me know if you would like me to do that.篇2Unfortunately, I am unable to fulfill your request as it involves generating a text of over 2000 words, which exceeds the current word limit for my responses. If you have any specific questions or need assistance with a particular topic related to the 【自考英语二真题及答案完整版2023】, please feel free to ask, and I will do my best to provide you with the necessary information.篇32023 Self-study English Exam (Band Two) Full VersionPart I: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The Chinese people are so fond of their own calendar that they still use it widely throughout the world, even for everyday use, regardless of the official calendar of the country they live in or travel to.The Chinese calendar is different from that in other countries because it is determined by both the moon and the sun. It is in fact two calendars. The lunar calendar, which changes the date from year to year because it is based on the 354 day lunar year, while the solar calendar, with 365.24 day a year, is followed together.The Chinese calendar has been used in China since 3,000 BC, and is regarded as the oldest calendar in the world.1. The passage mainly discusses __________.A. the different calendars in ChinaB. the Chinese people's love for their own calendarC. the reasons why the Chinese calendar is differentD. the history of the Chinese calendar2. According to the passage, why do the Chinese people still use the Chinese calendar widely?A. Because the Chinese calendar is the most accurate.B. Because the Chinese calendar is more popular than other calendars.C. Because the Chinese calendar is determined by both the moon and the sun.D. Because the Chinese calendar is the oldest in the world.3. How long has the Chinese calendar been used in China?A. 2,000 years.B. 3,000 years.C. 4,000 years.D. 5,000 years.4. According to the passage, why is the Chinese calendar different from that in other countries?A. Because it is determined by both the moon and the sun.B. Because it has two calendars.C. Because it is based on different days a year.D. Because it has been used in China since 3,000 BC.5. Which of the following calendars is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. lunar calendarB. solar calendarC. western calendarD. official calendarPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Technology greatly impacts our lives today. The internet, in particular, has revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and even shop.One of the biggest advantages of the internet is the ability to connect people from all over the world instantly. Through social media platforms and messaging apps, we can reach out tofriends and family members in different countries with just a few clicks.Additionally, the internet has made it possible to work remotely. More and more companies are offering employees the option to work from home or from any location with an internet connection. This has not only increased flexibility for workers but also allowed companies to save on operating costs.Lastly, online shopping has become a common practice for many consumers. With just a few clicks, we can purchase products from all over the world without leaving our homes. This has led to a rise in e-commerce businesses and has changed the way we shop forever.6. According to the passage, what is one of the biggest advantages of the internet?A. Connecting people from all over the world instantly.B. Making it possible to work from home.C. Allowing for online shopping.D. Revolutionizing the way we communicate.7. How has the internet changed the way we communicate?A. We can only communicate through messaging apps.B. We can only reach out to friends and family in the same country.C. We can only contact people with the same internet connection.D. We can reach out to friends and family members in different countries instantly.8. What has the internet made possible for workers?A. To work in an office.B. To work only from home.C. To work from any location with an internet connection.D. To work without an internet connection.9. What has online shopping led to?A. An increase in operating costs.B. A decrease in e-commerce businesses.C. A rise in shopping malls.D. A rise in e-commerce businesses and changes in the way we shop.10. The main idea of the passage is __________.A. the advantages of technologyB. the impact of the internet on our livesC. the disadvantages of working remotelyD. the rise of e-commerce businesses ...。
202年10月份自考英语二作文
The Power of Perseverance: A Journey toSuccessIn the autumn of 2022, the theme of the self-study English examination II resonated deeply with many hearts.It was a call to arms, urging us to recognize the indomitable spirit of perseverance in the pursuit of our dreams. This essay aims to explore the essence of perseverance, its role in shaping our destinies, and how it acts as a guiding star in our journey towards success.Perseverance is often described as the steady, unwavering, and determined pursuit of a goal despite difficulties, delays, or failure. It is the engine that propels us forward, the fuel that keeps our dreams alive. In today's world, where success stories are aplenty, the common denominator among these achievements is the unwavering commitment and determination of the individuals involved.Consider the story of Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb. He faced numerous failures and obstacles in his quest to create a long-lasting, efficient light source. However, he never gave up, persevering through each failureand learning from his mistakes. His famous quote, "I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work," reflects the essence of perseverance. It is about learning, growing, and moving forward, regardless of the challenges. Similarly, in our personal and professional lives, perseverance is the key to unlocking our full potential. It is the invisible force that drives us to push beyond our limitations, to take risks, and to embrace challenges. Itis the reason why we wake up early, stay late, and put in the extra hours to achieve our goals.Moreover, perseverance instills in us a sense of resilience. When faced with adversity or failure, it is perseverance that helps us bounce back stronger, learning from our mistakes and using them as stepping stones to success. This resilience is crucial in today's competitive world, where setbacks and failures are inevitable.However, perseverance does not mean stubbornly sticking to one path. It also involves adapting to changing circumstances, learning new skills, and seeking new opportunities. It is about being flexible and agile, while maintaining a steadfast commitment to our goals.In conclusion, the power of perseverance is undeniable. It is the driving force behind every successful individual and organization. It is the spark that ignites our dreams and the fuel that keeps them burning. As we embark on our journey towards success, let us remember that perseverance is not just a trait; it is a choice. It is a choice to never give up, to always learn, and to never settle for less than what we deserve.**坚持不懈的力量：通往成功的旅程**2022年秋季，自考英语二的主题让许多人心潮澎湃。
2022年10月英语二自考作文
2022年10月英语二自考作文English:In October 2022, the English II self-study examination essay topic could revolve around the theme of global environmental challenges and individual responsibility. The essay may prompt students to discuss the impact of human activities on the environment, such as pollution, deforestation, and climate change, and explore how individuals can contribute to mitigating these challenges. Students may need to delve into various solutions, including lifestyle changes, sustainable practices, and advocacy efforts. Moreover, the essay might emphasize the importance of collective action and international cooperation in addressing environmental issues. It could also encourage students to reflect on their own actions and consider how they can make a difference in preserving the planet for future generations.Translated content:在2022年10月，英语二自学考试作文题目可能围绕全球环境挑战和个人责任的主题展开。
自考英语unit-10
如：I need some transport to deliver the goods. 我需要某一运输工具运送这批货物
transfer v/n. 将…… 由一处转移到另一处，调动， 转车（不及物to)
transfer sth/sb (from…) (to…)
His employer transferred him to another office.
strengthen v. 加强；增强；巩固 复习重要单词：（Unit 7, Text B曾经讲过） strong-strength-strengthen long-length-lengthen wide-width-widen broad-breadth-broaden deep-depth-deepen high-height-heighten short-shortness-shorten weak-weakness-weaken
transform sth/sb (from sth) (into sth)
She transformed the room by painting it.
The climate has transformed the area from a desert into a swamp.(沼泽)
自考英语二 课后练习答案 Unit 10 课后练习答案
Unit100de to Public Transport课后习题参考答案Text AI.1.A 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.CII.Section A1.economic2.arrangement3.dependent4.valuable5.exception6.easeSection Bl.necessities 2.strengthen 3.lessening4.limited5.proclaimedmutesSection C1.for2.on3.to4.up5.to6.inIII.1.limited2.running out of 3.refers to 4.low 5.require6.anotherpared to8.personal9.positive10.economic Ⅳ.Section A1.basking in the warm sunshine.2.accounts for35%of the company's income.3.attributes her success to hard work4.up to500guests.5.end up in prisonSection B公共交通是比自己开车更理想的选择吗？这取决于个人的偏好或者个人所处的环境。
有些人更喜欢自己开车，但是这并不意味着对于许多人来说，公共交通不是更合适的方式。
综合考虑，公共交通可能比较便宜，不用为支付汽车贷款或者保险费而担心，不需要支付保养或者燃料费用。
从环保的角度来看，好多人一起外出旅游的话，乘坐公共交通更有效。
V.235146Ⅵ.公共交通在中国已经成为人们迫切的需要了。
在像北京、上海这样的大都市里，拥挤的道路上，车辆越来越多了。
越来越多的汽车就意味着消耗越来越多的能量，造成越来越严重的空气污染。
在某种程度上，公共交通可以缓解车辆增多带来的越来越大的压力。
作为有责任心的公民，你能针对促进公共交通的发展，呼吁绿色出行，为当地或者中央政府想出一些合理可行的建议吗？Text BI.Section A1.Y2.N3.N4.N5.Y6.YSection B1.ends up seeing2.behave as politely and respectfully as they can3.conduct our best selves4.takes a lot of guts5.by just paying the fare.6.efforts in sustaining and keepingII.Section A1.maintenance2.Considerable3.economical4.accumulation5.warmth6.assuranceSection B1.push2.disadvantage3.incidents4.intentions5.sustained6.aggravatedSection C1.up2.in3.to4.for5.on6.inIII.Section A1.by checking how they conduct themselves in the workplace2.though the government has made the assurance to expand employment3.consider other people before you take action4.they never quarrel in public5.very confident that everything would go as plannedSection B提到个人理财，我们都在寻找各种方式来省更多的钱。
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Unit 10 Ode to Public TransportationA Famous Quote:Plain living and high thinking.–William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth (1770-1850), one of the greatest English poets. He was a leader of the romantic movements in England and one of the greatest lyric poets in the history of English literature.Text A: The Importance of Public TransportationPre-reading Questions:1. Do you find it important to use public transportation? What are some of thereasons?2. What suggestions do you give to others on using public transportation?A US Congressman once proclaimed that, “There can be no doubt that the transportation sector is the most critical sector of our economy.” I know exactly what he means. In this day and age, access to transportation is considered a necessity.Public transportation is defined as a service that is available for use by the general public. It is a cheaper and environmentally friendly alternative. It is not a transportation service that you can arrange privately to suit your own personal convenience (although you may, to a certain extent, such as paying for cabin or suite on a train or ship) since you have to consider other passengers who are riding and making similar arrangements with you.I have experienced first-hand how important public transportation is.I live in Saipan, a US territory and the closest things we have to public transportation are tourist and school buses. You have to have your own car or bike, rent a car, or pay upfront for a taxi to go from point A to point B. Otherwise you end up basked in a sweat and sunburn traveling to work every day. When I first came here, I walked. I walked going to and from work. I walked to the store and lugged my heavy groceries back to the house. I walked to church and I barely got to places farther than a twenty-mile radius from my house since I did not own a car then, and I considered renting a car and riding a taxi such an expense for a starting single mother like I was at that time.For me, public transportation is very important because of the followingreasons:1. It saves money.According to research done by American Public Transportation Association, individuals can save up to $9,515 annually by parking their cars at home and using public transportation instead. In this economy, saving money become a main concern in most households. With the rising prices of fuel and other vehicle-related expenses, doing the public commute to work and school certainly saves money.2. It helps the environment.When you switch from driving your car to taking public transport, you are reducing your carbon footprint and making a great step forward in saving the environment. The environmental costs of individuals using their cars every day has done massive damage to the environment and if the majority or all individuals like you and me use public transport instead, think of what good we could do for the environment.3. It will wean us out of energy dependence.According to a paper made by Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue and Dr. Claude comtois, transportation accounts for approximately 25% of world energy demand and for more than 62%of all the oil used each year. Ninety-five percent of transportation is almost completely reliant upon petroleum products with the exception of railways using electrical power. While the use of petroleum for other economic sectors, such as industrial and electricity generation, has remained relatively stable, the growth in oil demand attributed to the growth in transportation demand.When we strengthen our public transportation services, we are consequently lessening this oil demand and dependence. It will also motivate us to consider alternative energy and fuel resources.4. It provides ease and convenience.Having public transportation definitely eases some of the burdens of people who do not have cars or prefer no to own one. They are provided with choices to use public transport. Public transportation also provides valuable services not just to local inhabitants in the area but to tourists as well. When a tourist visits a place, which does not have public transportation, their choices are limited and the experience they get is limited, too.All in all, public transportation improves our way of life, strengthens the community, provides new jobs for the public and gives us a cleaner environment.Text B: Personal Advantages of Taking Public TransportationPre-reading Questions:1. Do you prefer public transportation or driving?2. What advantages do you expect the author will give for taking publictransportation?When I take public transport, I always end up seeing a balanced view of regular folks, which is different from how they’re usually depicted in the profit-driven media. I meet real, authentic people who may have the same concerns as mine. Whenever I’m on a bus, or the train, or even at times in a taxi that I share with other passengers, whom the driver picks up along the way, I get assurances that most folks mean well to me, i.e., they don’s mean to harm me intentionally, despite a few terrible, harsh experiences I’ve had with some bad people before.The meaningful experience of receiving respect from and giving respect to othersPeople generally behave as politely and respectfully as they can whenever they take public transportation. That’s how all of us were taught, by and large, by our parents, our elders and the generations before. We always need to conduct our best selves when in public. It’s a great experience seeing able-bodied men giving up seats for the elderly, disabled, or pregnant women.I even see women give up seats to others. I see people smiling and talking with each other. I feel more warmth among people when on a bus or the train. I see people behaving genuinely pleasant toward co-passengers, and I realize it takes a lot of guts to do this especially during there difficult times.Save cash or other purposesI always get the opportunity to save money, and am actually gaining pennies these days. This is particularly true when you live in a city, like New York, where subways and buses are in place. I’ve done the math: it’s far cheaper to take the subway and then bus, plus the ferry if you live in Staten Island like me, than to keep a car and drive yourself to your usual destination. You save on the parking fees, the toll fees, the insurance cost, the repair and maintenance costs, and the perceived costs of aggravation from motorists on the road, the fuel, among other costs. On public transportation, you simply just pay the fare.Light baggage to bring with youI just carry myself and my tiny baggage. I occupy the least space, which is actually wherever I happened to be standing or sitting, which contributes to mybaggage being very economical and lighter to carry. If ever there would be untoward incidents while in transit, I’d always be assured that I only have myself to worry about, which i s unlike when you’re in your car. If an accident happens while you are in your car, you will be doubly aggravated because you will have to keep tabs on things other than yourself (who, by then, may be extremely anxious or even, may the Lord-forbid, in a worst situation).Strong push for long-term environmental projectsI am confident that I contribute more to efforts in sustaining and keeping a much cleaner environment. Motorists always have to consider that they actually are contributing more to accumulated environmental damage when they use fossil-sourced fuel for their cars. Those who are concerned about the environment, especially policymakers, leaders and managers, might as well heed this by taking the chance to take public transportation if time allows them. Their followers will eventually get the message: You’ll be contributing more to saving what’s left of our habitat by keeping away from using less of the natural resources.Movement and exerciseI get the chance to do my exercises waling from my place to the bus stand (or the subway station, or the ferry station). I actually feel a much healthier me whenever I take public transportation.Come, join me and everyone else taking public transportation.。