安全英文术语解释

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONSSafety: a state in which the risk of harm or damage will affect life, property and environment is limited toan acceptable level. SAFETY:安全是对人类的生命、财产、环境可能产生的损害控制在人类能接受水平以下的状态。

Environment: Surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land， naturalresources, foliage, fauna, humans, and their interrelation.环境：组织运行活动的外部存在，包括空气、水、土地、自然资源、植物、动物和人，以及它们之间的相互关系。

HSEMS: health, Safety and Environment Management System.HSEMS：健康、安全和环境管理体系HSE inspection: A practical check performed at regular intervals regarding the general HSE status atthe work site. HSE 检查：在合适时间间隔内进行的作业现场实际总体HSE状况的检查。

Hazard: The potential to cause harm, including ill health or injury; damage to property, plant, products orthe environment; production losses.危害: 可能导致人员伤害、财产/工厂/产品/环境破坏、生产损失的潜在因素。

HAZID: Hazard Identification (HAZID) is a systematic examination related to design or operation. Thetechnique is used to identify problem areas and actions to be taken along with responsibilities andplanned due dates.HAZID：危害识别（HAZID）是一种对设计和作业所做的系统的检查技术。

该技术用来识别什么地方会出现问题、应采取的措施、责任部门（人）和采取措施的时间。

Risk: is defined as a combination of the frequency of occurrence (likelihood) of an undesired event, andthe severity of the consequences (effects) of that event.Risk – a hazard associated with the work which potentially can cause damage to personal and/or property.风险：风险的定义是发生特定危害事件的可能性与发生该事件的后果的严重性的结合。

Risk Analysis: Use of available information to identify hazards and to estimate the risk.风险分析：通过可利用的信息，识别危害并计算其风险。

Near-miss: Any event which had the potential to cause injury and/or damage and/or loss, but which wasavoided by circumstances.未遂事件：任何可能会造成人员伤亡、环境破坏、或/和财产损失，但由于种种原因没有发生那些后果的事件。

Incident: An event or chain of events which has caused or could have caused injury, illness and/ordamage (loss) to assets, the environment or third parties.事件：导致或可能会导致人员伤亡、财产损失、环境破坏、或第三方损失的单一事件或一系列事件。

SJA: Safety Job Analysis (SJA) is a systematic and stepwise review of all risk factors prior to a activity or operation, so that actions can be taken to eliminate or control the identified risk factors during preparationand execution of the activity/operation.SJA：安全工作分析（SJA）是在某项活动或作业前对其所有风险因素的一种系统的和逐步的检查，以便对在活动或作业的准备或执行过程中识别出来的风险采取消除或控制的措施。

Work Permit (WP): A WP is a written document that authorizes certain people to carry out specific work,at a certain time and which sets out the main precautions needed to complete the job safely。

（A WPmust be approved by a manager, or other designated responsible person and checked and qualityassured by a HSE-supervisor at the facility. ）工作许可（WP）：一种用于授权某些人在某段时间进行某项特殊作业的文件，并制定了完成该项作业的主要安全预防措施。

(工作许可必须由经理或其它指定的负责人批准，并由现场HSE监督进行检查和确认。

)LWDC (Lost Workday Case): Any work related injury or illness which prevents that person from doingany work the day after the accident.LWDC(损失工作日事件)：导致员工事故后不能工作的与工作有关的伤害或疾病。

RWC (Restricted Work Case): Where the employee cannot fulfill his norm work the day following anincident but is able to undertake a temporary job; work at his norm job but not full-time, work at apermanently assigned job but unable to perform all duties normally assigned to work. RWC(工作受限事件)：事件发生后员工不能完全胜任原来的工作，只能承担暂时性的工作；或在原工作岗位上但不能全天候的工作，在固定工作岗位上不能象平常一样完全胜任工作。

MTC (Medical Treatment Case): The injured or sick person requires treatment from a professionalphysician or qualified paramedic.MTC (医疗处理事件):导致轻伤，现场简单医疗处理不足以保证伤员康复，需送入医院进行治疗的事件。

First aid treatment: To preserve life and minimize the consequences of injury and illness until theinjured or sick person can be treated by a doctor or other competent personnel.现场救助：为了保障伤员或病人的生命并降低伤害和疾病的影响，由医生/护士或具有相关能力的人员采取的紧急救助行为。

Medical aid: To examine and treat minor injuries or illnesses by a doctor or nurse and to be decidewhether not to be treated or do not need treatment.医疗救助：由医生或护士进行的对轻伤员/轻病员的检查和治疗，并由医生或护士决定是否进行进一步的治疗。

Medical treatment: Treatment of the injury/ illness by qualified personnel like a doctor or nurse in aqualified medical facility.医疗处理：在合格的医疗设施内由医生或护士等合格的人员进行的对伤员/病人的治疗。

Medical Evacuation: Transferring an ill or injured person from the place ofinjury/sickness to a hospitalwhere the treatment can be performed by a qualified doctor or similar first aid physician.医疗撤离：将伤员/病人转移到能够由合格医生或医师对伤员/病人进行正式治疗的医院的行为。

Emergency Preparedness: Technical, operational and organizational measures that are planned to beimplemented in case hazardous or accidental situations occur, in order to protect human andenvironment and assets.应急准备：在危险情况和事故发生时，那些预先计划好的用于保护人员、环境和财产免受损失的技术、操作和组织措施。