Assignment(旅游文本的翻译)
目的论指导下的旅游文本翻译
目的论指导下的旅游文本翻译一、引言在经济全球化的发展态势下，国际间交流日益频繁。
科技交流促进各国经济发展突飞猛进，旅游业也迈进全球化时代。
很多外国游客渴望通过旅游了解中国传统文化、民俗风情和经济发展的情况，因而汉语旅游文献的翻译已成为我国对外宣传、吸引国外游客的重要途径。
根据Reiss的文本类型理论和Vermeer的目的论，原文本的类型不同，其翻译目的也会有所不同，翻译不同类型的文本所采用的策略和方法也会有所差异。
因此，从文本的角度探讨旅游资料的翻译具有极其重要的研究意义和价值。
二、目的论功能翻译理论家凯瑟琳娜·赖斯在1971 年出版的《翻译批评的可能性与限制》中提出了功能翻译理论思想的雏形。
而后，汉斯·威密尔在与赖斯合著的《翻译理论基础概述》一书中正式提出了“功能目的论”这一概念，认为翻译是一种有目的的人类活动，并强调翻译并非简单的由一种语言向另一种语言转换的活动。
之后，克里斯汀娜·诺德对功能派理论进行全面总结，使其更加系统、完善。
目的论认为翻译过程的最主要因素是整体翻行为的目的，强调译文应该在分析原文的基础上，以译文的预期功能为目的，使译者拥有更大的自由。
目的论指出，所有翻译活动遵循的首要原则是“目的原则”，译文读者是决定翻译目的的最重要因素之一，而译文读者有着不同的文化背景和阅历，每一种类型的翻译都有特定的受众，因此翻译是在“目的语情景中为某种目的及目的受众而生产的语篇”。
所以，在目的论下进行旅游文本翻译，需要充分考虑旅游文本和景点的特点的同时，并高度重视译文的交际功能和社会功能，以提高译文信息的完整性、准确性和可接受性。
三、旅游文本的特点和翻译目的旅游文本包括经典介绍、广告标语、告示标牌、民俗风情画册、古迹楹联解说等内容，是一种对外宣传资料（方梦之，毛忠明；2005）。
旅游文本是一种大众化的通俗读物，其目的是帮助游客了解相关的自然、地理、文化方面的知识。
就其问题功能而言，传递信息和诱导行动是旅游资料的两个主要功能，因而其语言表达必须准确、通俗、简洁，能雅俗共赏，利于不同层面读者理解和接受（贾文波，2004）。
英文合同中常见的易混淆的用语表达(下)
乙方同意在许可证到期时并不免除乙方应尽的义务。
（3） Routine duties of the Joint Venture Company are lo be discharged by the general manager appointed by the Board of Directors.
「例」 （1）The invoice shall be subject to the usual trade discounts allowed by the Consignor.
发票须按照发货人所给予的通常批发折扣开立。句中的discount意思为“折扣”（amount of money taken off the cost of sth），是商业贸易中常用的词汇。对某一价格打折扣，可接用of或on.例如：We are prepared to grant you a discount of 5％on the price（我方准备给予你方5％的价格折扣）。
16、关于“discharge”的用法
「例」 （1） The time limit for inspection and claim is 60 days after discharge Of the cargo at the port Of destination.
检验与索赔的期限为货物卸至目的港后60天。
董事会任命的总经理，负责履行合营公司的日常职权。
以上三句中都含有discharge，在不同的合同条款中，其词义也有很大不同。第一句中的discharge是名词（也可作动词）。词义为：“卸货”（unloading cargo from a ship），经常出现在国际货物买卖合同中；第二句中的discharge是动词，意思为“免除”（releasing one party from the terms of a contract）；第三句中的discharge也是动词，意思为“履行”（carrying out one's duty）。 discharge在用作名词时，还可以表示“一批发运的货物”，如：Party B shall check the quality of each dispatch in accordance with the Contract（乙方应按合同规定检查每批发出的货物的质量）。
旅游翻译
2.直译加解释（注释）
直译加注释就是在括号内对某些译文加一些
简单的注释内容，尤其是当原文中涉及到一 些音译的专有名词如人名，地名或文化背景 等知识进行意思上的解释说明。 主要是由于英汉文化存在许多差异，某些文 化词语在两种文化中就没有对等词语，行程 文化上的缺省。加注释的翻译方法可以弥补 空缺，补充诸如背景材料、词语起源等相关 信息。从而使另外一个文化中的读者更好地 了解这些文化知识，开拓读者的眼界。
Ladies and Gentlemen, on your right you will see the spot where William the Conqueror first set foot in Britain. The swaying palm trees, the golden beaches, the crystal white crests of the gently lapping waves—our island paradise can be yours. The Forbidden City is divided into two sections. The front part has three large halls, where the emperor dealt with the state affairs and conducted important ceremonies. All buildings in the Forbidden City have roofs of yellow tiles, for yellow was the color for the emperor.
旅游翻译的功能
旅游文本往往凝练这自然景观和人文景观
英文Assignment和Dissertation的写作细节(珍藏版)
英文Assignment和Dissertation的写作细节（珍藏版）Dissertation一、Dissertation大体结构1.首先是Cover Page，即封面，包括论文的题目，作者姓名，所在学院，学校和上交时间等信息。
2.Declaration，也就是声明，“我声明，所有成果除了我已经注释的，其他均为我自己的研究成果，没有剽窃他人的”，之后是上交时间，指导导师，签名，学院等。
3.Acknowledgment，写要感谢的人，导师是必须要感谢的，当然还可以感谢其他人，这个随意。
4.Content，目录，这个要两端对其，整体格式一致，用Word中的目录索引功能自动生成。
一般三级目录就可以了。
比如3，3.1，3.1.2。
5.List of Figures，也就是所有图片的一个目录，包括所有在论文中出现的图片标题，不要把图片也贴上，只要标题。
比如：1.1 XXXX标题名称2.1 XXXX标题名称6.List of T ables，和上面类似，就是表格的目录。
(注：以上内容的页码为罗马数字，从下面的Abstract开始，为阿拉伯数字并从1重新开始，这个在word中可以设置。
目录第一条从Introduction开始，而不是Abstract，切记。
）7.Abstract，也就是摘要。
一般50-60页的论文摘要1页以内即可，最好控制在半页到3/4页，不要多。
8.Introduction，介绍部分。
9.Background 或者Literature Review，题目只要涉及这些方面即可，一般是这两个。
内容也是。
(具体写作我后面会具体说)。
10.Proposed Method也就是主体部分，题目自定或者问问导师，但是内容是你的研究成果的描述。
11.Analytical and T est Results，分析和测试结果，题目自定，内容主要就是测试结果。
12.Discussion,对结果产生的分析和解释，也有并入上面的一说。
1.DefinitionofTranslation翻译的定义
1. Definition of Translation 翻译的定义Down through the ages, people’s definitions of translation are diversified. It differs from person to person, it evolves with time. Changes of the world also helped to shape the connotation of translation. From the following definitions, you may have a glimpse of what translation is.﹒Translating is both a craft and an art, that is to say, it involves an accurate andcontrolled manipulation of language, tempered by a degree of freedom,imagination and creativeness.﹒Transferring the meaning of a stretch or unit of language, the whole part of astretch or unit of language, the whole part of a text, from one language toanother.﹒Translation is like busy matchmakers: they sing the praises of some half-veiled beauty and extol her charms, and arouse an irresistible longing for the original.（歌德）﹒The replacement of textual material in one language (ST) by equivalent textual material in another (TL) (Catford, 1965:20)﹒Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closestequivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style (Nida&Taber1969)Assignment 1What is your idea of “meaning” and “style” of Nida’s work? What is the connotation of style ? Exercise:If you were given two poems, one is by Li Bai (李白) , the other is by Dufu (杜甫) can you differentiate them, what is the author’s habitual use of the language? Similarly, if you were offered two pomes, one by Li Qingzhao (李清照)，the other by Xin Qiji(辛弃疾)，could you differentiate them?2. Principles and Criteria of Translation翻译的原则和标准The so-called principles and criteria of translation are actually the two aspects of the same thing. The former lays emphasis on the translator, who should follow these principles while translating; while the latter on the reader or critic, who may use the criteria to evaluate translation. Whenever principles or criteria of translation are under discussion in China, Y an Fu’s “three-character guide”, which was first proposed in 1898, would be mentioned, namely the principle of “信、达、雅”(faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance).In the past decades, Mr. Y an’s principle of translation has been generally regarded as a plumb-line for measuring the professional level of translation and a goal fortranslators to strive after. However, in the application of this principle, people have come to find some limitations to the three characters and put forward a variety of new standards instead.Three kinds of opinions are expressed on the principle of faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. The first group maintains the original three characters, and in the meantime, adds some new concepts to the character “雅”. According to them, “雅”means far more than the English word “elegance”. Apart from the traditional interpretation, it also means classicism, and the adherence to the original style and flavor. The second group, however, argues that the word “雅” is out of place in tradition. While adopting the first two characters of Mr. Y an Fu’s principle, they discard the character “雅” and try to find some other new criteria instead. Noticeably, there are revisions such as “信、达、切” (faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness), “信、达、贴” (faithfulness, expressiveness and fitness), and so on. The third group of people, by casting away the three-word guide, proposes some new principles or criteria of translation of their own. Of the various popular theories, two of them are the most influential: spiritual conformity (神似) and sublimed adaptation (化境), the former, proposed by Fu Lei (傅雷) , emphasizes the reproduction of the spirit or the flavor of the original, while the latter, advocate by Qian Zhongshu (钱钟书), focuses on the translator’s smooth and idiomatic Chinese version for the sake of the Chinese reader.Despite the variety of opinions, two criteria are almost unanimously accepted, namely the criteria of faithfulness and accuracy (忠实准确) and that of smoothness (流畅). We may also take these tow criteria as the principles of translation in general. By faithfulness and accuracy, we mean to be faithful not only to the original contents, to the original meaning and views, but also to the original form and style. By smoothness, we mean not only easy and readable rendering, but also idiomatic expressions in the target language, free from stiff formula and mechanically copying from dictionaries.Assignment 2Exercise: 对比原文与译文，探讨忠实与通顺的关系1) All your moods are created by your thoughts o r “cognitions. “Y ou feel the way you do right now because of the thoughts you have at this moment. ”所有的情绪都是由思维产生的，或者说来源于“认识”，“你之所以感到这么做是对的，那是因为你的大脑就是这么想的。
旅行英语 Traval English
旅行英语Chapter 1: On Board1.Hello, which way should I go?aisle seat (靠走道的座位) window seat (靠窗的座位)2. excuse me, but I think you’re sitting in my seat.My boarding pass says 12A. What’s your seat number?3. would you put this in the overhead bin for me?Could you help me get my bag down?4.this seat is non-smoking, isn’t it?Please don’t smoke here.5.Do you have any Chinese papers?May I have Time?6.What kind of soft drinks do you have?7.Is it free? (or Is there a charge?)How much is a Scotch? I don’t need it .(or I’ll pass.)8.Can I use RMB yuan?Can I have my change in U.K pounds?Can you include some small change?9.Chicken, please.Do you still have beef?I’ll have fish.10.Could I have it later?I have no appetite. I am very sleepy.Could I have my l unch now? I didn’t take it before.11.Is this a vegetarian meal? (素食)Could I reserve a salt-free meal? (无盐餐)12.Excuse me, I asked for beef.I don’t have salt and pepper.13.Can I have another white wine?Can I have more coffee?Can I have Bourbon this time?14.I’ve had enough, Thank you.Would you like more coffee?No, thank you. (or Yes, please.)15.Can you please take this away?But can I keep this ?16.What’s the movie today?In-flight magazine, in-flight movieCould I have a pair for earphones?17.Can I still buy duty-free(tax-free) items?18.Can I change seats for a while? ( Is it OK to change seats?)I want to sit with my friend.19.Excuse me, but I feel sick.Do you have any pills for airsickness?Airsickness bag20.Can you tell me how to turn on the reading light?How do I recline(安置) the seat?How can I make a call on this telephone?21.What did she say in the announcement?We are now landing at the ……The weather in Chicago is ……22.Are we arriving on schedule?How many hours are we behind(ahead of ) schedule?23.What’s the best wa y to get downtown from the airport?Where do I change flights?24.How do I fill out this form?What does this mean?Immigration form(入境申报单) customs declaration form(海关申报单)25.Thank you . I enjoyed the flight.I had a pleasant flight.Thank you very much for your service.常用词汇：airsickness bag (清洁袋) aisle seat(通道座位) business class = executiveclass (商务舱) boarding pass(登机证) cabin(客舱) captain(机长)cockpit(驾驶舱) delay(延误) crew(机组人员) economy class(经济舱) emergency exit (紧急出口) fasten seat belt (系好安全带) first class(头等舱)flight attendant(空中乘务员) in-flight magazine(机上杂志) in-flight service(机上服务) lavatory (洗手间) life vest(救生衣) local time(当地时间)meal service(餐饮服务) non-smoking section(禁烟区) occupied(使用中) overhead bin(座位上方的行李柜) oxygen mask(氧气面罩) reading light(阅读灯) reclining seat(活动躺椅)seat belt(安全带) special meal(特别餐) take off(起飞) transit pass(过境证) tray(盘子) ventilation(通风) window seat(靠窗座位) wing(机翼)Chapter 2 :Airport1.Is this the line for non-residents(aliens 外国人)?2.I’m here for sightseeing.What’s the purpose of your visit?I’m here on vacation (on business/ to attend a conference/ to see my friend/ to study)3.I’ll be here for two weeks.Where are you going to stay?At the Royal Hotel.4.Is this the baggage claim area from British Airways 123?Excuse me, can I get in here? I saw my bag.Where can I get a cart(推车)?5.I have nothing to declare.I just have clothes and personal belongings(items).I have five bottles of whiskey.6.I have a connecting flight on Northwest 234 .Where do I check in my baggage?Where is the American Airlines check-in counter?7.Yes, thank you. This is going to the American Air check-in counter.Shall I take your luggage?To the taxi stop.No, thank you. I can manage it myself.8.Where is the information counter?Bus deport(公共汽车乘车站)，foreign exchange(外币兑换处)，ticket office(售票处)，pay phone(公用电话)，rent-a-car office (租车服务处)，restroom(厕所)9.Do you have maps of the downtown area?Can you show me where the Park Hotel is on this map?10.Can you change this into dollars, please?What’s the exchange rate today?11.Where can I have someone paged?Could you page my friend for me?12.I’ve just arrived at the airport. I’ll be there by six o’clock.Can you come and pick me up? I’ll be waiting at the No.3 bus stop.13.Can you tell me how to make a local call?A long distance call (长途电话) a collect call (对方付费电话)How much is it for a local call?14.How do I get to the Hotel Ritz?About how much does it cost to get to ABC Hotel by taxi?How long does it take to get there by taxi?15.Does this bus stop at the Marriott?常用词汇：air fare(机票价) airline counter(航空公司柜台) airport bus(机场巴士)airport tax(机场服务税) arrival time(到达时间) baggage = luggage(行李) baggage claim area(行李领取处) baggage claim tag(行李存条)boarding gate(登机门) boarding pass(登机证) boarding time(登机时间) cancel(取消) check in (报到手续) check-in counter(检票台)confirm (确认) cancellation charge<penalty>(取消手续费) carry-on baggage(随身行李) connecting flight(转接班次) contactaddress(联络地址) customs (海关) customs declaration form(海关申报单)departure time(起飞时间) direct = non-stop(直飞) discount ticket(优惠票)domestic flights(国内线) duty-free shop(免税店) expiration date(有效期间)E/D card = Embarkation/Disembarkation card(出入登机证)excess baggage(超重行李) exchange rate(兑换汇率) flight(班次) fightschedule(飞行预定表) hotel bus(饭店班车) nationality(国籍)I-94 form(美国出入境卡) identification(ID 身份证) immigration(入境审查)Information(询问处) international flights(国际线) limousine(小型公共汽车)Lost and found(失物招领) non-resident(非居留者) on schedule (准时)Open ticket(不指定班机机票) overbooked(超额预约) passport(护照)Personal belongings(私人用品) public telephone(公共电话) quarantine(检疫)Purpose of travel(旅行的目的) registered domicile(本籍) sightseeing(观光)Seat assignment(指定座位) security check(安全检查) stand-by(候补)shuttle(区间来回行驶) Sky cap(搬运工) stop over(中途停留)timetable(时间表) Temporary address(临时地址) ticketing counter(售票柜台) transfer(转车转机)Transit(过境) unchecked baggage(随身行李) unaccompanied baggage(后送行李) Visa (签证) wing(侧翼)Chapter 3: Hotel1.Do you have a room available for tomorrow night?I want to make a reservation for a single room.I’d like to stay just one night.2.I’d like a room with an ocean view.Do you have a quiet room with a bath?3.What is the price of the room?How much is the room…?I’m looking for a room for about US$100.Do you have anything less expensive?4.What time can I check in?When is the check-in time?5.My name is David. I’d like to cancel my reservation for Friday.Can I change my reservation from August 11th to the 12th?Could I reserve two single rooms instead of a twin room?6.My name is Lee. I have a reservation. I called you from the airport two hours ago.I made a reservation through CAAC in China two weeks ago.7.I’m sure I have a reservation. Could you check in again?Can you call a hotel near here and find a room for me?8.Do you have any vacancies(空的) tonight?9.Could I see the room at first?I’ll take it.Do you have any larger room?10.Is it too early to check in?Could you keep my luggage until I check in?11.Can I pay with traveler’s checks?Do you accept VISA?12.Does the price include breakfast?When and where can I have breakfast?13.When is the check-out time?Will you make up my bill tonight?14.I want to open a safety deposit box.15.Would you carry my suitcase to my room, please?Put the bag over here, and the suitcase in the closet, please.I’ll carry them myself, thank you.16.Where is the switch for this lamp?How do I turn on the TV<shower>?How do I control <adjust>the volume <temperature>?17.Thanks a lot.18.This is Room 409. The air conditioner doesn’t work.The toilet won’t flush.19.The people next door are very noisy.I can’t sleep. Could you please ask them to be quiet?20.Could I move to a different room?Would it be possible to move to another room?21.Who is it ? (哪一位？)It is room service.You must have the wrong room.22.Are there any messages for me?My message light is on.23.I’m very sick. Can you call a doctor?24.I’ve locked myself out.(我被反锁在门外了)I left my key in the room.Can you open the door for me?25.I’d like to stay two more nights.Can I extend my stay till Monday night?I’m sorry, but the hotel is all booked up.I’m going to leave one day earlier.26.This is Room 236. I’d like to order room service.Would you send up two continental breakfast at seven tomorrow morning?27.Will you give me a wake-up call at seven o’clock tomorrow morning?28.I’d like to make an overseas(国际) call to Japan, please.Can I call direct from my room?29.Can I have this cleaned by tomorrow morning?Do you have a valet service in this hotel?If I send some laundry out now, when will I get it back?30.Could you fax this to Tokyo?Would I have this typed up by noon?31.May I use the room until three o’clock?How much will it be if I stay two more hours?Is there a grace(优待) period after check-out time?32.I’m checking out. Can you send a bell-boy(服务生) up?Could you help me with my suitcase?33.I’d like to pay i n cash.How would you like to pay?I’d like a receipt , please.34.What is this amount for?Can you give me an itemized bill(明细表)?35.Could you keep my suitcase here until four o’clock?Can you call me a taxi? I want to go to the airport.常用词汇：air conditioner(冷暖空调机) area code(区域号码) banquet room(宴会场)bellboy(男服务生) B&B(bed &breakfast 附早餐的家庭旅社) beverage(饮料)cashier(会计) check in(登记) check out(退房) cloakroom(衣帽间)complimentary(优待的) concierge(守卫) confirmation slip(确认证)cot(折叠式帆布床) deposit(保证金) dining room(餐厅) doorman(门房)double room(双人房) drinking water(饮用水) emergency exit(太平门)extension <number>(内线) extra bed(另加卧床) fire exit(太平门) front desk (柜台) hot water(热水) house phone(饭店内线电话) inn(小旅馆)linen(床单) lift(电梯) lobby(大厅) lounge(会客厅) maid(女清洁员) manager(经理) motel(汽车旅馆) operator(接线生) out of order(故障) overseas call(国际电话) pension(家庭旅社) reception(接待)suite(套房) registration form(住宿登记单) reservation(预约) roomservice(客房服务) safe deposit box(贵重品寄存箱) service charge(服务费)signature(签名) stairs(楼梯) twin room =double room(双人房) voucher(收条) valet service(洗衣服务) valuable(贵重品)vacancy/no vacancy(有空房/无空房)wake-up call(叫醒电话) youth hostel(青年招待所)Chapter 4: Transportation1.Where’s the bus stop for Chinatown?Is this the right bus stop to go to Bei Hai Park?2.How often does this bus run?It runs every fifteen minutes.When will the next bus come?3.How much is the fare?Can I use a bill(纸币)?4.Which bus do I take to go to the National Museum?Is this the right bus to go to Tian An Men Square?Does this bus stop at ……?5.Where do I get off to go to World Park?What stop is the closet to Albert Hall?6.Can I get transfer ticket for South Ferry?Where do I change buses to get to the aquarium(水族馆)?7.Would you like to sit down?Please have a seat.(让坐)Are you all right? (道歉)8.How can I let hi m know when I’m getting off?Let me off at next.9.Have we passed 34th Street yet?Where are we now?What’s the next stop?10.Excuse me. I’m getting off here(next).11.Can I get a subway map(timetable)?12.How much is it to Bayswater?Do you have a one-day pass or something like that?13.Can I have two packs of tokens(代币)?14.Is there a change machine(兑换机) around here?Could you give me two dollars’ worth of quarters?15.One for Oxford Circus(牛津广场), please.美、加：one-way ticket/ round-trip ticket ; 英：single ticket/ return ticket;澳：one-way ticket/ return ticket16.What platform does the train for Manhattan leave from?Which platform should I go to take the A train?17.Does this train go to Long Island?18.What stop is this?Can you tell me where to change trains to get to Times Square?19.Did you hear what he said?What did he say just now?Did he say the next stop is 23rd Street?20.How much more is it?Which exit is for Victoria Park?21.What’s the sleeper(卧铺) fare?How much is the fare for children?22.How much time would I save if I took the express train?How long does it take for the local(普通) train to get to Boston?23.Two second-class tickets to Paris, please.How much more expensive is a first-class ticket than a second-class ticket?24.Is there a dining car on the train?When are they open?Do you mind if I sit here? No, I don’t.25.How many more stops are there before Birmingham?What time do we get to Milan?Are we arriving in Rome on time(schedule)?26.Would you call a taxi for me?Can you send a taxi to Fillmore Hospital? I’ll be waiting at the main entrance.Taxi! Hey, taxi!27.The City Museum, please.Can you take the Brooklyn Bridge?28.About how much is it to go to Lancaster?How many minutes does it take to get to Ocean Park?29.Can you please put this suitcase in the trunk?Could you open the trunk? I want to get my bags out of it.30.Would you hurry, please? I have to catch an eight o’clock train.Can you make it in fifteen minutes?31.Can you make a stop in front of Liberty?Can you make two stops: one at Marble Arch and another at Harrods?32.Can you make a right at the next corner?Just go straight and make a left at Broadway.33.All right. You can stop here.I think it’s around here. Can you slow down?34.We missed it. Would you mind turning around?Can you go back two blocks?Are you sure we’re going in the right direction?35.Give me three back.(给我三块钱，其余的为小费)Keep the change.May I have a receipt?36.I’d like a round-trip from Chicago to Boston on the 13th.We have flights available leaving Chicago at 9:15 flight.I’d like to the 9:15 flight.37.Do you have any cheaper tickets?Do you have a weekend discount?38.Would you repeat it for me?What time did you say it arrives in Boston?39.I’d like to confirm my reservation.I’d like to confirm my booking on the 6:00 p.m. flight for London.40.Can I change it to an earlier flight?I’d like to change it to the same flight, but on March 4th.I’d like to cancel my May 5th reservation on Fight 101.41.I’d like to know if Flight 203 will be leaving on time today.It will be delayed one hour.What time should I be at the terminal for the flight?42.Where is the Canadian Airline check-in counter?Is this the check-in counter for economy class?43.I’d like to check in these two suitcases.How much do you charge for excess weight?I have no baggage to check in.44.Can I have a window seat?I’d like a seat at the back of the cabin.45.Where is Gate 15?Which gate does US Air Flight 203 depart from?46.Can I rent a car for just one day?I reserved a compact car for three days.47.I’d like a compact car that gets good mileage(省油).What kind of car would you like?mid-size 中型full-size 大型luxury 高级compact 小型48.How much do you charge for that car?49.I’d like to have full insurance.What’s covered?(what does it include?)How much is it per day?50.How much will that be if I drop it off(还掉) in Lancaster?No drop-off charges with in the city.Can we drop the car off at any of your offices?Return 开回原处drop off 在他处还车51.Excuse me. Is there a gas station near here?52.Fill it up with unleaded, please.Can I have ten dollars’ worth of “Premium”?53.Where can I pay for the gas?54.What’s the parking fee?55.Can you send a tow truck(拖车) to 222 Elm Street?常用词汇：booking(预约) b us depot(长途公共汽车站) bus tour(公共汽车旅游) charge(车费) coach(长途公共汽车)change trains(转车) car park(停车场) conductor=guard(列车员) dining car(餐车) direct = non-stop(直达)double-decker(双层公共汽车) driver’s license = driving license(驾驶执照)first-class(头等的) first train(第一班车) flat(爆胎) full coverage(全保险)full service(有人加油服务) international driving license(国际驾照) itinerary(旅程) intersection(交叉口) last train(末班车) metro(地铁)limited express(特快车) mileage(里程费) night train(夜车)one-day pass (当天有效票) one-way ticket(单程票) out of gas(汽油用完)out of order(故障) parking fee(停车费) parking lot(停车场) platform(月台)petrol(filling) station(加油站) public transportation(公共交通) refund(退款) regular train(普通列车) rent-a-car office = car rental agency(汽车出租公司)road map(道路地图) self-service(自助的) shuttle bus(区间车) sports car(跑车)sightseeing bus(观光车) street map(市区地图) subway map(地铁线路图)super express(超特快车) terminal(终点站) token booth (代币出售亭)toll(通行费) traffic light(交通信号灯) train map(电车/列车路线图)underground / tube(地铁)(英)Chapter 5: Dining1.Do you know any restaurants around here?Can you recommend a good China restaurant?2.I’d like to make a reservation for two at seven tonight.3.My name is Chen. I have reservation.4.How long a wait do you think there’ll be?How long will we have to wait?5.We’d like a table near the window, please.Would you like a table in the smoking or non-smoking section?In the non-smoking section, please.6.Excuse me. Could I have a menu, please?I’d like to see a wine list.7.We haven’t decided yet. Could you give us a little longer?May I take your order?What do you recommend?8.What kind of wine do you have?What’s this beer like?9.I’ll have a glass of white wine-Chardonnay, please.A carafe of house wine 自酿酒 a pitcher(mug) of draft beer一壶(杯)生啤酒10.Is this dish very spicy(辣)?What’s the difference between these two dishes?11.I’ll have the same.That looks delicious. What is it?12.I’ll take this “Steak Dinner”(牛排餐).We’re going to share a Seafood Combination and a Caesar Salad.13.I’d like it medium-rare(五分熟).How would you like your steak?Well-done, please.14.Can I have mashed potatoes without gravy?15.I ordered a beer ten minutes ago.Excuse me, my order hasn’t co me yet.16.This chicken is a bit undercooked(半生不熟).This is not what I ordered.17.Excuse me, but could you bring me another fork, please?My fork fell on the floor, May I have another one?18.Could you bring me another beer?19.Could I have a glass of water?We’d lik e some water, please.20.Where is the restroom(洗手间)?21.Yes, it was very good. Thank you.Did you enjoy your dinner?(菜合不合口味)It’s delicious. Thank you.22.Could I have a scoop of wanilla ice cream(香草冰淇淋) on my pie?Would you like some dessert?23.Can I have a food bag(打包袋)?24.Could I pay by credit card?常用词汇：appetizer =starter (开胃小菜) assorted(什锦菜) check =bill(帐单)bitter(苦味) B.Y.O. =bring your own(自带酒) chef’s suggestion(厨师推荐快餐) cafeteria(自助餐) chopsticks(筷子) cocktail(鸡尾酒)dessert(甜点) combination =combo(小型爵士乐队)decaffeinated(不含咖啡因的(咖啡))entrée(主菜) fast food restaurant(快餐厅) go Dutch(分开付帐) gravy(肉汁) gourmet(美食家) happy hour(餐厅下午开发时间)house wine(自酿酒) ladies room(女用洗手间) local speciality (地方菜)low calorie(低热量的) low fat(低脂肪的) oil and vinegar(沙拉油加醋的调味汁) main dish(主菜) men’s room(男用洗手间) napkin(餐巾)noodles(面条) overcooked(过熟的) oyster bar(牡蛎吧台) receipt(收据)restroom(洗手间) reserve a table =make a reservation(预约座位) salad(沙拉) seafood(海鲜) salt and pepper(椒盐) salty(咸一点)seasoned(调味的) served with(附加…的) snack(小吃) sour(酸的) soy sauce(酱油) spicy(辣的) toothpick(牙签)take away = take out(外带) tip(小费) to go or to stay(带走或在店里吃)today’s special(今日特餐) waiter /waitress(服务生) wine list(酒单)Chapter 6: shopping1.Is there a department store near here?Do you know any store that’s open today?2.Where ar e the women’s shoes?Which floor are the ties on?On the fourth floor.3.I’m just looking. Thank you.4.How much is this, including tax?What’s the sales tax rate?5.Do you have any bags for around a hundred dollars?I want to stay under $100.My budget limit is $100.6.Can you give me a discount?How much can you take off?(便宜一点如何)How about $100 even?(100元整如何)I’ll take it if you give me a 10% discount.7.I’ll take this one.I’ll take two of these.8.I’m looking for something a little different.I’ll pass this time. Thanks, anyway.9.Can I pay with a traveler’s check?Do you accept VISA?10.I’m paying in cash.I’d like to pay with a VISA card.11.Would you give me a shopping bag?Would you put them in separate bags?12.Can I have it shipped to Beijing?How much do you charge for delivery?13.I’d like to return this.It has a stain on the back.14.I’d like to exchange this for a larger size.This radio is defective(broken). Can I get a refund(退款) for this?15.I bought it three days ago. This is the receipt.Do you have the receipt?16.I’m lo oking for a skit to go with this sweater.I’m looking for a gift for my boss.17.Do you have this in my size?Do you have this in blue?18.Can I try this on?Where’s the dressing(fitting) room?19.It’s a bit too large. Do you have anything smaller?The waist is a little small for me. Can I try this in a larger size?\20.Can you take the hem(底摆) up two inches?Do you do alternation? how much do you charge?Shorten the sleeves take in the waist(腰身改小)21.Can you show me how to use this?How does it work?22.How is this one different from that one?Does this one have more features?Which of these is more powerful?常用词汇：antique(古董) appraisal(鉴定书) artificial(人造的) baby wears(婴儿衣服)bargain(廉价出售) bookstore(书店) budget(预算) business hour(营业时间) cashier(出纳员) change(找钱) chemist(药房) chi ldren’s clothes(小孩衣服)cosmetics(化妆品) cotton(棉的) dark color(深色) defective =broken(坏的) deliver(送达) deliver charge(配送费) department(销售部门) discount(折扣) department store(百货公司) dress shirt(衬衫) dressing(fitting)room(试衣室)drugstore(药房) duty-free(免税) exchange(交换) extra large(特大号) fabric(纤维的)fake(假的) flashy(浮华的) flea market(跳蚤市场) hem(折边) genuine(纯真的) gift-wrap(礼物包装) imitation(仿造的) light color(浅色)long-sleeved(长袖的) loose(宽松的) shopping center(购物中心) medium(中号的) men’s clothing(男士服装) narrow(窄的) nylon(尼龙) pantyhose(裤袜)going out of business sale(关门大拍卖) overseas warranty(海外保证书)pants(长裤) petite(特小号的) pharmacy(药局) polka-dot(圆点花样)polyester(聚酯) price tag(价格标签) rayon(人造丝) s ales tax(营业税)salesperson(营业员) sanitary napkins(卫生餐巾) sheepskin(羊皮)shipping(出货) shopping bag(购物袋) short-sleeved(短袖的)silk(丝的) sold out(售完) souvenir(纪念品) sport shirt(运动衫) sportswear(运动衣)stationery(文具) stock(库存) store clerk(店员) store manager(商店经理) stripe(斑纹) sweater(毛衣) tax-free(免税) tight(紧的) toiletries(化妆品)try…on(试穿) underwear(内衣) waist(腰) women’s clothing(女士服装)wool(毛料) wrap(包裹)Chapter 7: Entertainment1.What’s playing now?Who stars in it?2.When is the next showing?Can you give me the show times for “Gone with the Wind”?3.Two tickets for English Patient.Do you have a student discount?4.I’d like a large popcorn(苞米花) with butter and medium cola, please.You can’t bring in any food or drinks.5.Excuse me. Is this seat taken?6.Which shows are popular right now?What’s hot right now?Who’s performing on Tuesday night?7.Can I have the two best seats available for Cats?What seats do you have?Three seats together here, please.8.Do you have any ticket left for today’s matinee(日场)?Can I have a balcony seat(包厢)?9.Please charge it to my VISA.(请记在我的VISA卡帐上)How would you like to pay for these tickets?10.Can you show me where my seat is?Is there an intermission?(有无中场休息)11.Can you tell me how I can get tickets for a baseball game?12.Who are the Mets playing tonight?13.Can I have two seats in the upper deck?14.WE WANNA HIT! WE WANNA HIT!COME ON, STRIKE’EM OUT!DE-FENCE!LET’S GO, METS! LET’S GO, METS!15.Can you page my friend ? I lost him in the crowd.Where can I have someone paged?16.Can I rent a jacket and a tie?17.Can I have two hundred dollar’s worth of chips(筹码)?18.What’s the minimum bet?I’d like to bet a hundred dollars.19.Can I get in?20.I’m busted(破产). Let me out.That’s great! I won a fortune!常用词汇：admission (fee)(入场券) advance ticket(预售票) amusement park(游乐园) annual event(年度活动) aquarium(水族馆) art gallery(美术馆) discobinoculars(望远镜) botanical garden(植物园) box office(售票处) dramacasino(娱乐场) cover charge(最低消费额) curtain time(开幕时间)dinner show(晚餐时间表演) exhibition(展览会) exposition(博览会) loge(包厢) festival(节庆) intermission(中场休息) live performance(现场表演) opera(歌剧) mezzanine seat(二楼正面包厢席) movie =film(电影) movie theater(电影院)museum(博物馆) musical(歌舞剧) night club(夜总会) opening(首演)opera glasses(小型望远镜) orchestra seat(头等席) parade(游行) play(演戏) pub(小酒吧) seating chart(座位图) show time(上映时间) special event(特别节目)stadium(体育场) ticket agency(代售处) tourist information(观光询问处) usher(招待员)Chapter 8: Adventures in Daily Life1.Can I have a 24-exposure(张) roll of Kodak?2.Do you have batteries like this?Can I have two package of AA batteries?3.I’d like to have this film developed(冲洗), please.4.When will it be ready?When can I pick it up? Can you do it by three o’clock?5.I’ve come to pick up my prints. Are they ready?These aren’t my photos.6.How much is it to send a post card(明信片) to Beijing?I’d like to send this letter by air to Beijing. How much will it be?7.I’d like stamps for ten post cards to Beijing, please.Ten forty-cent stamps, please.8.I’d like to send this as printed matter.9.Can I send this as a small package?Can I have two mailing boxes?10.I’d like to insure this parcel for three hundred dollars.How much would it cost to insure it for three hundred dollars?What is the maximum coverage(赔偿额)?11.Could I make an appointment for a haircut?When would you like to come in?How about Friday afternoon , at 3:00 p.m.?12.How much do you charge for a haircut?Is there an extra charge for shampooing?13.How long is the wait?Can you squeeze me in?(可不可以先让我插个队呢)14.Can you make it look like this photo?Just a trim, please.Can you take a little bit off the bangs?15.The water is too hot!The shampoo’s getting in my eye!It looks great, thank you.16.I’d like to have this jacket dry-cleaned(laundered熨平).Can I have it ready by Monday?17.Can you get this stain out?There’s a stain here. Will it come out?Can I have this button sewn on?18.I’ve come to pick up my jacket. Is it ready?I forget my ticket.19.How many coins does this washer take?Can you show me how to use this machine?20.This machine took my money.(这机器吃掉了我的钱)The washer in the middle is out of order, I lost my money in it.21.Can non-members(非会员) use this club?How much do you charge non-members?22.When are you open?What time is the pool open to non-members?23.Do you have any courts(网球场) available for tomorrow afternoon?Yes, we have a court available at two o’clock and another one at four.Would you put me down for two o’clock(请替我登记2点钟好不好)?24.Do you have tennis rackets(拍) for rent?How much do you charge per racket?25.Excuse me. Can you tell me how to use this machine?How can I adjust this intensity level of this machine?Chapter 9: SOS1.My money was stolen.2.Someone stole my traveler’s checks.3.I had my wallet pickpocketed on the subway.4.I lost my purse.5.I can’t find my passport.6.I seem to have lost my MasterCard while I was shopping here.7.I left my bag here.8.Have you seen a blue coat? I put it on this chair.9.Where’s the police station?10.Is there a lost and found in the store(失物招领处)?11.What’s the number for the police station?12.I’d like to put a stop on my card.13.I’d like to have them reissued.14.Could you issue me a replacement card right away?15.Help!16.Police!17.Thief!18.I’ve been robbed!19.He took my money!20.Stop him!21.Somebody, please stop him!22.My baggage didn’t come out.23.I can’t find my bags.24.Can you put a trace on my suitcase?25.Is this all the baggage from Flight 233!26.I have a cold .27.I have a fever.28.I have a headache.29.I have a runny nose(流鼻涕).30.I have a sore throat.31.My nose is stuffy.(鼻塞).32.I keep sneezing(打喷嚏).33.I have a stomach ache.34.I have diarrhea(拉肚子).35.I feel like throwing up.36.It hurts here.37.I have a sharp pain.38.My back hurts.39.I feel sick.40.I have no appetite.41.I have chills.42.I have high blood pressure.43.I feel dizzy(头昏).44.I want to lie down.45.I sprained扭) my left ankle.46.I cut my finger.47.I hit my head.48.I burned(烫伤) my hand.49.I scraped my hand.50.I broke my leg.51.What’s wrong?。
第三章 旅游文本特征及其翻译
第三章 旅游文本特征及其翻译
旅游文本的句式特点及翻译 旅游文本的时态和语态特点及翻译 旅游文本中的修辞手法及翻译
3.1 旅游文本的句式特点及翻译
3.1.1 英语旅游文本的句式特征及其翻译 1）简短句
Welcome to heaven on earth—a summer vacation paradise at an altitude of 1,050 meters. Engelberg entices both young and old with its attractive range of offers and activities. Who could resist the temptation of spending several unforgettable days in the heart of Central Switzerland? Scope out the town on e-bikes or let the new Brunni cable car transport you closer to the sun in just a matter of minutes.
All year around, tourists jam the streets and hotels of Manhattan. They come to see the skyscrapers, visit museums, art galleries, opera houses, theaters, and famous specialty shops, and eat in the elegant and exotic restaurants. Besides New York, people are also attracted by cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, New Orleans, and Philadelphia.
Assignment 2 英语翻译
Assignment 2Class:________17电子_________Name:_____________奚落__Student No.:______1703712097_____Direction: You are allowed 30 minutes to translate the following English passage into Chinese.First ever black hole image releasedAstronomers have taken the first ever image of a black hole, which is located in a distant galaxy. It measures 40 billion km across -- three million times the size of the Earth -- and has been described by scientists as “a monster”. The black hole is 500 million trillion km away and was photographed by a network of eight telescopes across the world. Details have been published today in Astrophysical Journal Letters. Prof Heino Falcke, of Radboud University in the Netherlands, who proposed the experiment, t old BBC News that the black hole was found in a galaxy called M87. “It is one of the heaviest black holes that we think exist. It is an absolute monster, the heavyweight champion of black holes in the Universe.” The image shows an intensely bright “ring of fire”, as Prof Falcke describes it, surrounding a perfectly circular dark hole. The bright halo is caused by superheated gas falling into the hole. The light is brighter than all the billions of other stars in the galaxy combined - which is why it can be seen at such distance from Earth. The edge of the dark circle at the centre is the point at which the gas enters the black hole, which is an object that has such a large gravitational pull, not even light can escape.词汇first ever 有史以来第一个；有生以来第一个Astronomer n. 天文学家galaxy n. 星系measure + 数据长达/高达/宽达……telescope n. 望远镜propose vt. 提议；倡导heavyweight champion 重量级冠军intensely bright 极为明亮的；巨亮的intensely adv. 极其；非常（extremely）perfectly circular 呈现出完美圆形的halo n. 光圈superheated adj. 超级高温的；超级热的all sth. combined 所有……加起来gravitational pull 引力；地心引力________天文学家首次拍摄到位于遥远星系中的黑洞的图像。
旅游文本中专有名词的翻译
Hollywood, California
Disneyland, California
Las vegas, Nevada
Miami, Florida
Suez Canal
Aswan High Dam
Pyramids
Cape of Good hope
Sahara Desert 4 Nhomakorabeathe Imperial Mountain Summer Resort
Purple and Gold Hills Observatory
Zijin Hills Observatory
Mao Zedong’s Former Residence
villages Valley
9
Guilin Scenery with Hills and Waters
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The Translations of Proper Nouns in Tour-guide English
一、纯地名的翻译
如中国各省、特别行政区、城市、乡镇及外国的州、城市、乡镇等。这些地名是名符其实的专有名词。除已经存在的地名外，大部分地名均可采取音译的办法。 在外译中，如世界各国及其首都和主要城市的名称、美国各州或英国郡的名称等，应先查阅相关的词典或网络资料。
Taihu Lake Lijiang River Huangshan Mountain
中国有的河流、山川、湖泊已经沿用下来 的固定翻译。 Yangtze/Yellow/Pearl River Fragrant Hill Yarlung Tsangpo River Altay Mountains
6
the Hall of Supreme Harmony
旅游翻译：吃住行游购娱
Unit 9 旅游翻译：吃住行游购娱基本要求——可接受性（可理解度、文化上的可接受心理、吸引力）参考文献——旅游资料英译浅谈具体问题吃——中菜与主食的英译问题eating house 饮食店canteen (机关单位和军队里的)食堂dining hall 大餐厅,食堂refectory (学校里的)餐厅waiter 服务员service 服务headwaiter, maitre d'hotel 餐厅领班bill of fare, menu 菜单,菜谱winelist 酒单to lay the table, to set the table 摆桌子to wait at table 侍候用餐to clear the table 收拾桌子,撤桌子tablecloth 桌布napkin, serviette 餐巾cutlery 餐具fork 叉spoon 匙teaspoon 茶匙ladle 长柄勺knife 刀dishes, crockery 器皿dish, plate 碟,盘soup dish, soup plate 汤盘(serving) dish 大盘子(美作: platter) soup tureen 盛汤盖碗salad bowl 色拉盘fruit dish 果盘fruit bowl 水果钵sauce boat, gravy boat 调味汁瓶, 酱油壶carafe, decanter 玻璃水瓶saucer 小碟sugar bowl 糖罐glass service, glassware 玻璃器皿tea service, tea set 茶具teapot 茶壶coffee service, coffee set 咖啡具coffeepot 咖啡壶salt shaker 盐瓶cruet 调味瓶架tray 托盘住hotel 旅馆guest house 宾馆main entrance 大门entrance hall 门厅staircase, stairs, stairway 楼梯balustrade, banister 楼梯栏杆corridor 过道verandah 外廊lobby 大厅、大堂lift, elevator 电梯information desk 问讯处reception office 接待室hotel register 旅客登记簿registration form 登记表newsstand 售报处postal service 邮局服务处lounge 休息厅roof garden 屋顶花园billiard-room 台球室dining-room, dining hall 餐厅men's room 男盥洗室ladies' room 女盥洗室cloak-room 存衣处basement 地下室cellar 地窖broom closet 杂物室room number 房间号码room key 房间钥匙suite 一套房间single room 单人房间double room 双人房间sitting-room, living-room 起居室sofa, settee 长沙发easy chair 安乐椅armchair 扶手椅wicker chair 藤椅folding chair 叠椅swivel chair 转椅rocking chair 摇椅stool 凳子bench 条凳tea table 茶几bookcase 书橱bookshelf 书架wardrobe 衣柜built-in wardrobe, closet 壁橱chest of drawers 五斗橱screen 屏风hat rack 帽架rug 小地毯carpet 大地毯single bed 单人床double bed 双人床twin beds 成对床mattress 褥子quilt 被blanket 毯子sheet 床单bedspread 床罩cotton terry blanket 毛巾被pillow 枕头pillowcase 枕套mat 席cushion 垫子bathroom 浴室bath tub 浴盆shower bath, shower 淋浴cold and hot water taps 冷热自来水龙头sprinkle-nozzle, (shower) nozzle 喷头dressing table 梳妆台mirror 镜子washbasin 洗脸盆towel 毛巾toilet, lavatory, washroom 卫生间water closet, W.C. 厕所；抽水马桶toilet roll, toilet paper 卫生纸bath towel 浴巾bathrobe 浴衣towel rail, towel rack 毛巾架sponge 海绵waste-paper basket 废纸篓thermometer 温度计balcony 阳台sash window 上下开关窗shutters 百叶窗transom, transom window 气窗curtain 窗帘lace curtain 挑花窗帘windowsill 窗台air-conditioned 有空调设备的radiator 暖气片central heating 暖气ashtray 烟灰碟smoking set 烟具electric fan 电扇chandelier, pendant lamp 吊灯fluorescent lamp 日光灯desk lamp 台灯bedside lamp 床头灯floor lamp 落地灯wall lamp 壁灯lampshade 灯罩bulb holder 灯头bulb 灯泡screw-type bulb 罗口灯泡bayonet-type bulb 卡口灯泡frosted bulb 磨砂灯泡opal bulb, opaque bulb 乳白灯泡switch 开关socket 插座plug 插头telephone 电话electric iron 电熨斗peg, hook 衣钩clothes-hanger 衣架door-mat 门前的擦鞋棕垫manager 经理attendant 服务员desk clerk 值班服务员waiter （餐厅）服务员waitress （餐厅）女服务员rent 租金bill 账单receipt 收据行double decker bus 双层公共汽车coach, motor coach, bus 大客车taxi, cab 计程汽车, 出租汽车trolleybus 无轨电车tramcar, streetcar 电车, 有轨电车underground, tube, subway 地铁stop 汽车站station 火车、地铁站conductor 售票员minimum fare (of a taxi) 起步价、最低车费游meteorology 气象学atmosphere 大气climate 气候elements 自然力量(风、雨)frost 霜hail 冰雹snow 雪thunder 雷wind 风mist 雾cloud 云haze 霾rain 雨downpour, shower 暴雨storm, tempest 暴风雨lightning 闪电land wind 陆风hurricane 飓风cyclone 旋风typhoon 台风whirlwind 龙卷风gale 季节风gust of wind 阵风breeze 微风fog 浓雾dew 露水humidity 潮湿freeze 冰冻snowflake 雪花snowfall 降雪waterspout 水龙卷dead calm 风平浪静drought 干旱pleasure trip 游览,漫游business trip 商务旅行organized tour 组团旅游circular tour 环程旅行package tour, inclusive tour 包办旅行outward journey 单程旅行return journey, round trip 往返旅行holiday 假期excursion, outing 远足expedition 远征,探险hitchhiking, hitching 搭乘itinerary 旅行指南itinerary, route 旅行路线stopover 中途下车暂停stage 停歇点,中间站departure at 10 a.m. 上午10时出发arrival at 12 p.m. 夜12点抵达embarkation, embarkation 乘船,上船disembarkation 下船delay 延期travel agency 旅行社airline company 航空公司traveler’s check 旅行支票single ticket 单程票return ticket 往返票,双程票(美作:round-trip ticket)fare 票价half (fare), half-price ticket 半票passage 票,票价passengers 旅客passport 护照visa 签证papers 证件identity card 身份证customs 海关safe-conduct, pass 安全通行证excursionist, tripper, hiker 旅行者tourist 旅游者traveler 旅行者,旅游者(美作:traveler) commercial traveler 旅行推销员(美作:traveling salesman)stowaway 偷乘者photo, photograph 照片,像片snapshot, snap 快照photographer, cameraman 摄影师backlighting 逆光backlighting photography 逆光照to load 装胶卷focus 焦点exposure 曝光to frame 取景slide, transparency 幻灯片,透明片microfilm 微型胶卷photocopy 影印duplicate, copy 拷贝,副本reproduction 复制photogenic 易上镜头的overexposure 曝光过度underexposure 曝光不足购shopping centre 商业中心区children's goods store 儿童用品商店antique shop 古玩店second-hand store 旧货店counter 柜台stall, stand 售货摊show window 橱窗show case 玻璃柜台shelf 货架cash desk, cashier's desk 收银处price tag 标价签prices are fixed, fixed prices 有定价discount 打折扣change 零钱to keep the bill 留发票to wrap up 包装free of charge 不收费to deliver 送be al sold out, out of stock 售空shop assistant, salesman 售货员saleswoman 女售货员glassware counter 玻璃器皿部enamel ware 搪瓷器皿haberdashery 男子服饰用品confectionery 糖果糕点cosmetics 化妆用品stationery 文具fabrics 纺织品dry goods 服装ready-made clothes, off-the-peg, ready-to-wear 成衣,现成服装men's wear 男服women's wear 女服underwear 内衣裤sports goods, athletic equipment 体育用品sundries 零星小物toilet articles 盥洗用品towel 毛巾handkerchief 手帕toilet soap 香皂shampoo 洗发香波soap 肥皂laundry soap 洗衣皂soap powder 肥皂粉soap flakes 皂片medicated soap 药皂detergent 洗衣粉cleanser 去污粉tooth paste 牙膏tooth brush 牙刷toilet mirror 梳妆镜hair brush 发刷cosmetics 化妆品vanishing cream 雪花膏perfume, scent 香水coat hanger 挂衣架clothes-peg, clothes pin 晒衣夹thermos bottle 热水瓶travelers’ water bottle, water flask, canteen 旅行水壶lunch box, canteen 饭盒thread 线needle 针button 钮扣zipper 拉链key-ring 钥匙圈torch, flashlight 手电bulb 灯泡battery 电池lock 锁watch, wrist watch 表, 手表watch band 表带watch chain 表链alarm clock 闹钟electric clock 电钟umbrella 雨伞parasol, sun umbrella 阳伞knapsack 背包handbag 女手提包briefcase, portfolio 公事包traveling bag 旅行包suitcase 手提箱trunk 大衣箱magnifying glass 放大镜binoculars 望远镜hot-water bottle 热水袋smoking set 烟具lighter 打火机jewelry, jewels 首饰, 珠宝jewel case 首饰盒antique, curio 古玩ornaments 装饰品ring, finger ring 戒指signet ring 印章戒指necklace 项链brooch 胸针pendant 坠子bracelet 镯子chain bracelet 手链ear ring 耳环trinket 小饰物safety-pin 别针cuff-link 袖扣diamond 钻石gold jeweleries 金饰silver jeweleries 银饰pearl 珍珠imitation 仿制品genuine 真的fake 假的baby's cot, crib 婴儿床cradle 摇篮feeding bottle, feeder 奶瓶perambulator 儿童车go-cart, walker, babywalker 儿童学步车rocking-horse 摇马scooter 踏板车child's tricycle 儿童三轮车razor 剃刀safety razor 保险剃须刀electric razor 电剃刀razor blade 刀片shaving brush 剃须刷shaving cream 剃须膏comb 梳子hair-brush 发刷hair pin 发夹hair drier 吹风机nail scissors 指甲剪nail clipper 指甲夹nail file 指甲锉nail varnish, nail polish 指甲油娱Queen is abbreviated as Q, which is a playing card bearing the figure of a queen, ranking above the jack and below the king.Queen缩写为Q，是画有王后人像的一张纸牌，比杰克(J)大但比国王(K)小Heart: A red, heart-shaped figure on certain playing cards.红心：扑克上的红色心形hearts (used with a sing. or pl. verb)The suit（牌面）of cards represented by this figure.hearts （与单数或复数动词连用）一副红心牌diamond: A red, lozenge-shaped（菱形的）figure on certain playing cards.方块：特定的扑克牌上红色菱形图案Club: A black figure shaped like a trefoil（三叶草）or clover（苜蓿）leaf on certain playing cards.梅花：某些游戏纸牌上的一种黑色图案，类似三叶形或苜蓿叶形Spade: A black, leaf-shaped figure on certain playing cards.黑桃：某些游戏牌中的黑色叶形图案Deck: 一幅（纸牌）Queen of heart: 红桃Q阳历节日：1月1日元旦（New Year's Day)2月2日世界湿地日(World Wetlands Day)2月14日情人节(Valentine's Day)3月3日全国爱耳日3月5日青年志愿者服务日3月8日国际妇女节(International Women' Day)3月9日保护母亲河日3月12日中国植树节(China Arbor Day)3月14日白色情人节(White Day)3月14日国际警察日(International Policemen' Day)3月15日世界消费者权益日(World Consumer Right Day）3月21日世界森林日（World Forest Day)3月21日世界睡眠日(World Sleep Day)3月22日世界水日(World Water Day)3月23日世界气象日(World Meteorological Day)3月24日世界防治结核病日(World Tuberculosis Day)4月1日愚人节(April Fools' Day)4月5日清明节（Tomb-sweeping Day)4月7日世界卫生日(World Health Day）4月22日世界地球日(World Earth Day)4月26日世界知识产权日(World Intellectual Property Day)5月1日国际劳动节(International Labour Day)5月3日世界哮喘日(World Asthma Day)5月4日中国青年节（Chinese Youth Day)5月8日世界红十字日(World Red-Cross Day)5月12日国际护士节(International Nurse Day)5月15日国际家庭日(International Family Day)5月17日世界电信日(World Telecommunications Day)5月20日全国学生营养日5月23日国际牛奶日(International Milk Day)5月31日世界无烟日(World No-Smoking Day)6月1日国际儿童节(International Children's Day)6月5日世界环境日(International Environment Day)6月6日全国爱眼日6月17日世界防治荒漠化和干旱日(World Day to combat desertification)6月23日国际奥林匹克日(International Olympic Day)6月25日全国土地日6月26日国际禁毒日(International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking)7月1日中国共产党诞生日(Anniversary of the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party)7月1日国际建筑日（International Architecture Day)7月7日中国人民抗日战争纪念日7月11日世界人口日(World Population Day)8月1日中国人民解放军建军节(Army Day)8月12日国际青年节(International Youth Day)9月8日国际扫盲日(International Anti-illiteracy Day)9月10日中国教师节(Teacher's Day)9月16日国际臭氧层保护日(International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer)9月20日全国爱牙日9月21日世界停火日(World Cease-fire Day)9月27日世界旅游日(World Tourism Day)10月1日中华人民共和国国庆节(National Day)10月1日国际音乐日(International Music Day)10月1日国际老年人日(International Day of Older Persons)10月4日世界动物日(World Animal Day)10月5日世界教师日(World Teachers' Day)（联合国教科文组织确立）10月8日全国高血压日10月9日世界邮政日(World Post Day)10月10日世界精神卫生日(World Mental Health Day)10月14日世界标准日(World Standards Day)10月15日国际盲人节(International Day of the Blind)10月15日世界农村妇女日(World Rural Women's Day)10月16日世界粮食日(World Food Day)10月17日国际消除贫困日(International Day for the Eradication of Poverty)10月24日联合国日(United Nations Day)10月24日世界发展新闻日(World Development Information Day)10月29日国际生物多样性日(International Biodiversity Day)10月31日万圣节(Halloween)11月9日消防宣传日11月14日世界糖尿病日(World Diabetes Day)11月25日国际消除对妇女的暴力日(International Day For the elimination of Violence against Women) 12月1日世界爱滋病日(World AIDS Day)12月3日世界残疾人日(World Disabled Day）12月4日全国法制宣传日12月9日世界足球日（World Football Day)12月25日圣诞节(Christmas Day)12月29日国际生物多样性日(International Biological Diversity Day)春分月圆后的第一个星期日复活节(Easter Monday)(有可能是3月22-4月25日间的任一天) 5月第二个星期日母亲节(Mother's Day)5月第三个星期日全国助残日6月第三个星期日父亲节(Father's Day)9月第三个星期二国际和平日(International Peace Day)9月第三个星期六全国国防教育日9月第四个星期日国际聋人节(International Day of the Deaf)10月的第一个星期一世界住房日(World Habitat Day)10月的第二个星斯一加拿大感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)10月第二个星期三国际减轻自然灾害日(International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction)10月第二个星期四世界爱眼日(World Sight Day)11月最后一个星期四美国感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)农历节日农历正月初一春节(the Spring Festival)农历正月十五元宵节(Lantern Festival)农历五月初五端午节(the Dragon-Boat Festival)农历七月初七乞巧节(中国情人节）(Double-Seventh Day)农历八月十五中秋节(the Mid-Autumn Festival)农历九月初九重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)农历腊月初八腊八节(the Laba Rice Porridge Festival)。
海外留学对于assignment的要求
海外留学对于assignment的要求assignment在我们以前学习英语的时候，只知道它是作业的意思。
而随着我们的长大，甚至出国留了学，却发现我们不会写assignment了，为什么？在欧美，一些大学的assignment其实有两种，一种是报告形式，另一种则是文章、短文的形式。
它们需要各专业的专业性知识，用这两种形式来完成导师布置的相关任务。
那么从国内去海外留学的留学生们怎么去适应欧美的这些assignment呢？本站可为您提供专业的指导服务，接下来先让我们来参详一下某海外assignment 要求，供大家参考。
Written Assignment and Guidelines for SubmissionAssignment Question:Discuss the effects of ageing under each of the following headings:1. Psychosocial2. Behavioural3. BiologicalDue Date:A hard copy of the 1000 to 1250 word assignment is due no later than 17:00 hours on Friday 15th April (end of week 7).Late submissions will not be accepted unless an Assignment Extension has been granted by the Course Coordinator Dr Tony Bush.Extension forms are available from the School of Health Sciences office on Level 4 of Building 201 (for Bundoora students) or from the School website on the RMIT internet. Students must follow School policy when applying for an extension; and must not assume that it will be granted automatically.Guidelines for submissionThese guidelines are intended to assist students in formulating a comprehensive and appropriate response to the question. The purpose of this assignment is for students togain an understanding of the biological, behavioural and psychosocial changes that occur with ageing. Throughout this process students can apply knowledge gained though lecture material.Format:Students must use these guidelines to format their assignment. This requires the student to write a brief introduction which should include introducing the topic, and stating what their intentions are in their response to the question.A conclusion is also required, in which the student is required to summarise the major points covered in their submission.The use of headings is mandatory to provide clearly structured signposts for both the student and the examiner. Adherence to the marking guide will ensure that students present their submission in a professional and academic style.Students are not to submit additional information as an Appendix. Headings related to specific content should be used to organise your information, and table of contents must be included.Word limit:An overall word limit of 1000-1250 words is required for this assessment. Students are not to go over the word limit by more than 250 words. If students are under the minimum word limit, it may mean that they have not answered the question in enough detail.References & Referencing:Students are to show evidence of research into the topic; in addition to the required textbook for this course. A minimum number of three (3) references used must be relevant to the topics, and must be contemporary (not older than 5 years generally) and relevant to the context of Ageing. The types of references used should include the textbook & journal articles (minimum of 2).Students should research the topic through the RMIT Library databases and e-journals.Students must reference all information from other sources, using appropriate intext referencing according to the American Psychological Association (APA) style of referencing. This includes intext referencing, and page numbers for direct and indirect quotes. Students must also include a reference list at the end of their assignment written exercise, formatted according to APA referencing style. Students can access information on formatting according to APA through the RMIT Library webpage (under the subject guide – Nursing –referencing – APA), on the Study and Learning Centre webpage or the Style Guide: Strategies for Effective Academic Writing on the DLS. . Students are advised to maintain an ongoing list of all references used during the writing of assignment; including details of web addresses, dates that sites were accessed, page numbers, etc.; to help them collate their final list.Spelling, Grammar & Presentation:Students must ensure that their spelling and grammar, including punctuation, meets academic standards. Spell checks on the computer are useful; but students need to also do a final read-through of their submission to check for errors. It is expected that students will also use professional language and terminology. This should include using and defining medical terms, in keeping with the expectations of registered nurses within the health care setting. The use of abbreviations should be limited to those commonly used, and should be written in full the first time used in the submission. Students are not to use their own shorthand or SMS type. The font used should be a clear typeface, and size 12. Normal size margins apply and double spacing, with students ensuring pages are numbered clearly.Submission Details:Students are to submit only a hard copy of their Assignment by or on the due date, following the instructions on the course DLS. Electronic submission may be asked for, when incidence of plagiarism is suspected so the assignment can be put through Turnitin©. Assignments are not to be emailed to the Course Coordinator. Students are also reminded to retain a hard and/or electronic copy of their submission; until afterthe final course marks have been collated, finalised and released to students.The assignment will be available for collection from the course coordinator after the official release of results.。
unit4_Making_the_news单词词汇全解读
deadline n.最后期限 Next week is the deadline for sending in your application. 呈递申请书的截止日期是下星期。 meet the deadline 赶上最后期限，按期完成
interview v./n.接见,会见;采访;面 试
interviewer n.面试官 interviewee n.参加面试的人
2. concentrate one’s attention on… 把注意力集中在…
amateur n.业余爱好者 Although Tom’s only an amateur， he’s a first-class player. 虽然汤姆只是个业余爱好者, 但却是一 流的高手。 adj.业余的，非职业的
2.The case involved many innocent people
案件
3.The most serous cases were treated at the scene of the acciden,以防(引导虚拟语气) Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。 in case of假如；如果；万一 In case of rain they can't go. in any case无论如何,不管怎样 in no case 决不；无论如何不（倒装） in that case 如果是那样的话 in this case 假如这样的话 As is often the case with…对…是常有的事
通知某人某事： inform sb of/about sth 告知某人： inform (sb) that…
第3章旅游文本翻译
➢ 西方老式哲学在主观与客观旳物象关系上，主张“客主分离”，更多 旳强调摹仿和再现，在描绘外界自然美时，总是“站在自然之外”去 欣赏自然之美
➢ 所以汉语语言体现经常人文色彩浓郁，物我一体，具有一种超越现实、 虚实不定旳朦胧、变形之美，一景一物，皆有灵性，主观色彩浓厚
只见海港环抱于半圆 形小山丛中，煞是好 看，朦朦胧胧，一片 银灰，宛若仙境。 ...。这北极地域景 色之美，同老式旳圣 诞贺卡适成对照，它 浓淡交融，光影柔和， 清雅绝俗。
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2. 英汉旅游文体特色及其风格差别
For me this landscape was always a magical prospect, the austere countryside stretching away with the sharp definition of an 18thcentury aquatint across hill and woodland to Mt. Battie outlined against the horizon
➢ 翻译目旳论这以为，翻译时一种交际行为，翻译行为所要到达旳 目旳决定整个翻译行为旳过程，即”目旳决定手段“（the translation purpose justifies the translation process… “the end justifies the means” --- Nord, 2023)
诱导型
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1. “呼唤型”功能文本--- 旅游翻译
➢ “目旳论“（Skopostheory）是德国功能派学者费米尔和诺德等提 出来旳，它形成了功能翻译理论旳主流
英语六级单词一点点
Land economist: 土地经济师|土地经济学家|地产经济学家
7, guest lecturer
客座教授；特约讲师
guest lecturer: 客座教授|中央音乐学院音乐治疗系客席讲师|请特邀教员来讲课
Fulbright Guest Lecturer: 布莱特专家
Vehicles: 交通工具|车辆|好车撞坏车
Motor vehicles: 机动车辆|机动车|汽车
carrying vehicles: 幼儿专用车上的幼儿专用座椅|幼儿专用车
20, dense population
稠密的人口
Dense Population: 人口稠密|人口密集
Assignment: 老师指定|赋值|作业
assignment problem: 分配问题|配置问题|指派问题
assignment statement: 赋值语句|指派叙述|指派陈述
6, economist [i'kɔnəmist]
n. 经济学者；节俭的人
economist: 经济学家|经济学人|经济师
profoundly: 衷心地|深深地|知识渊博的
talk profoundly: 行路踏实|言谈深刻|饮酒豪爽
Affected Profoundly: 影响淡|影响深远
30, content ['kɔntent]
n. 内容，目录；满足；容量
vt. 使满足
adj. 满意的
Content: 内容|含量|使满足
n. 格式；版式；开本
vi. 设计版式
vt. 使格式化；规定的格式
最新旅游翻译（公示语翻译）教学内容
最新旅游翻译（公示语翻译）教学内容文化翻译：旅游文本之公示语翻译（April 10-11, 2013）Translating public signs●Definining public signs●Types of public signs●Functions of public signs●Stylistic features of public signs●Translating Public Signs: Principles and Methods: proposed “three-C”principles:conciseness, consistency, and comprehensibility. (Liu Fagong and Xu Beijia , 2008)●Suggested translating methodsBorrowingAdding and omitting certain informationImitatingOutside translation practiceDirections: The following Chinese signs were collected from supermarkets and shopping malls at Xi’an and Xianyang city. They are listed with bold letters, some with pictures and some with explanations for better comprehension.Each Chinese sign follows two or three English translations. You are supposed to choose the best answer or provide your own version. If the translation is adequate, blacken A. If the translation has linguistic mistakes such as mistakes of spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and grammar, choose B. If the translation is culturally unacceptable,choose C. If the translation is totally incomprehensible, please choose D.1.通往三楼ACCESS TO 3 FLOOR (in a supermarket)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Access to 3rd floorb)ACCESS TO 3rd FLOORYour revised version: .2.日常用品Hard Goods (in a supermarket)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Home waresb)Household waresc)Home goodsYour revised version: .3.少淑装Young Ladies Wear (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Young Ladies’ Clot hingb)Young Ladies’ Wearc)Young Ladies’ ClothesYour revised version: .4.成熟女装Lady Clothing(in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Women’s Clothingb)Women’s WearYour revised version: .5.眼镜opticals (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Glassesb)EyeglassesYour revised version: .6.手机hand phone (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Mobile Phonesb)Cell PhonesYour revised version: .7.彩妆budget cosmetics (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:CosmeticsYour revised version: .8.女饰品ladies’ accessories (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Ladies’ Accessoriesb)Ladies’ AdornmentYour revised version: .9.珠宝首饰JEWELRY (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)JEWELLRIESb)JewelriesYour revised version: .10.男女袜子HOSIERY(in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)SocksYour revised version: .11.女职业装LADIE’S PROFESSIONAL DRESS (in a shopping mall)Suggested versions:a)Ladies’ Professional Clothingb)Ladies’ Professional WearYour revised version: .12.女裤LADIE’S PANTDRESS (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Ladies’ Pantsb)Ladies’ TrousersYour revised version: .13.男休闲装men’s casual (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:Men’s Casual WearYour revised version: .14.牛仔休闲装COWBOY’S CLO THES (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Casual Clothesb)Casual Wearc)Jeans and Casual WearYour revised version: .15.名表眼镜FAMOUSE W ATCH&GLASSES (in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Famous Watches and Glassesb)Famous Watches & GlassesYour revised version: .16.服务台Information (in a shopping mall)Suggested versions:a)INFORMA TIONb)Information DeskYour revised version: .17.客户服务部customer services counter(in a shopping mall.)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Customer Service Counterb)Customer ServiceYour revised version: .18.存包处Stock(outside a supermarket)A B C DSuggested versions:Checkroom 行李寄存处Your revised version: .19.存包须知Locker Information Note for luggage keepingA B C DSuggested versions:Notice of CheckingYour revised version: .20.勿踩黄线don’t step the yellow line. (beside an elevator in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Don’t step upon the yellow line.b)Don’t tread on the yellow line.Your revised version: .21.小心摔伤beware of falling down. (beside an elevator in a shopping mall)Suggested versions:Beware of falling down.Your revised version: .22.不要玩耍don’t play in the elevator. (posted beside an elevator in a shopping mall)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Don’t play in the elevator.b)Playing in the elevator is not allowed.Your revised version: .23.为了您和孩子的安全，请不要带1.2M以下的孩子进入商场FORKLIFTS INSIDE!CHILDREN SMALLER THAN 1.2M ARE NOT ALLOWED TO ENTER THE STORE.(outside a supermarket)A B C DSuggested versions:a)Forklifts inside! Children less than 1.2M tall are not allowed to enter.b)Forklifts inside! Children under 1.2M are not allowed to enter.Your revised version: .24.任何偷窃行为都将被起诉SHOPLIFTERS WILL BE PROSECUTED(outside asupermarket)A B C DSuggested versions:Your revised version: .25.支持环保从我做起Protecting our environmental, do it from me (in a supermarket)Suggested versions:a)Protect the environment. Do it from you/ Do your part.b)Protecting our environment starts with me.Your revised version: .26.请勿拍照No taking photo (in a shopping mall.)A B C DSuggested versions:a)No photos allowed.b)No photos.No photographingYour revised version: .27.勿带宠物No taking petin (in a shopping mall.)A B C DSuggested versions:a)No pets allowed.b)No petsYour revised version: .Names of shops and institutions28.大明宫建材家居城DAMINGGONG CONSTUCTION MATERIALS & FURNITURECITYA B C DSuggested versions:a)Daminggong Construction Material and Furniture Centerb)Daminggong Construction Material and Furniture Mallc)Daminggong home building supplies and furnitured)Daminggong Interior Decoration Material and furnishing PlazaYour revised version: .29. 北京2008年奥运会特许商品零售店Beijing 2008 OfficialLicensed StoreA B C DSuggested versions:Store of Beijing 2008 Official Licensed ProductsYour revised version: .30.A B C DSuggested versions:a)Glasses Storeb)Glasses for everyonec)Glasses SupermarketYour revised version: .31. 西安烤鸭店Xi’an Roas t Duck RestaurantA B C DYour revised version: .32.五一饭店中华老字号CHINA’S TIME-HONORED BRANDA B C DSuggested version:a)China’s Long-standing Shopb)China’s Long-established Shopc)China’s Time-honored BrandsYour revised versions: .33.天下第一面FIRST NOODLE UNDER THE SUNA B C DSuggested versions:a)Best Noodle Restaurantb)Noodle RestaurantYour revised version: .34.翰皇擦鞋HanHuang Cleaning ShoesA B C DSuggested versions:a)Hanhuang Shoe Shineb)Hanhuang Shoe ShiningYour revised version: .35.八点半交友会所Friend-making clubhouse at half past eightA B C DSuggested versions:a)Friend-making Clubb)8:30 ClubYour revised version: .36. 小六汤包Junior Six’s Dumplin g HouseA B C DSuggested versions:a)Dumpling Restaurantb)Dumpling HouseYour revised version: .37. 西安市商业银行XI’AN CITY COMMERCIAL BANKA B C DSuggested versions:XI’AN COMMERCIAL BANKYour revised version: .38. 中国质量认证中心西北评审中心Northwest Audit Center Of China Quality Certification Center(CQC)A B C D Northwest CQC Audit CenterSuggested version:Traffic and road signs39.大型车Oversize vehicle40.A B C DSuggested versions: LARGE VEHICLEYour revised version: .40.小型车Light-duty vehicleA B C DSuggested versions: SMALL VEHICLE compact carYour revised version: .41. 陈阳大队CHEN YANG BATTALION [b?'t?lj?n]A B C DSuggested versions: Chenyang Traffic Police StationYour revised version: .42.驶入西安减速慢行Drive Into Xi’an Slow DownA B C DSuggested versions:Your revised version: .43.一号桥YI HAO QIAOA B C DSuggested versions: No. 1 BRIDGEYour revised version: .44. 超限抛洒车辆禁止驶入OVERLOADING AND SPRINKLE NO ENTRYA B C DSuggested versions: OVERLOADED AND SPRINKLING VEHICLES NO ENTRYClosed to the mechanical cleaning vehicles include water-sprinklingvehicles and cleaning vehicles will be prohibited.Your revised version: .45. 机场高速AIRPORT EXPWYA B C DYour revised version: .46.收费站TOLL GATEA B C DSuggested versions:Your revised version: .47. 西二环RING No.2 WEST ROAD/Two Ring W. RDA B C DSuggested versions: W. 2nd Ring RoadYour revised version: .48. 含光路HANGUANG RD/HANGUANG LUA B C DSuggested versions: HANGUANG Rd.Your revised version: .49. 长安路CH ANGAN ROAD/CHANG’ANLU ROADA B C DSuggested versions: CHANG’AN Rd.Your revised version: .50. 东大街综合商业街Dong Da Jie Unified Commercial StreetA B C DSuggested versions: E. Commercial StreetYour revised version: .51. 严禁酒后驾车NO DRUNKEN DRIVINGA B C D。
雅思听力词汇之旅游场景
雅思听力词汇之旅游场景目的地deserts 沙漠hilly areas 丘陵地带wetlands 沼泽地bush land 灌木丛tropical rain forests 热带雨林resorts 胜地beach 海滩coastal areas沿海地区meadow草地，牧场交通出行public transport 公共交通private transport 私人交通airplane 飞机ferry 渡船underground/subway/tube/metro 地铁river cruise巡游boat trips 坐船旅行travel agency 旅行社schedule/agenda 行程check in 办理登机手续check out 出关book the ticket 订票platform 站台hitch-hike 搭便车旅行tram 有轨电车shuttle 往返汽车coach 交通班车express train 特快列车light rail 轻轨expressway/freeway 高速公路highway 大路flight connection centre 转机中心cabby 计程车司机terminal 终点，航空集结站domestic 国内的international 国际的single trip 单程round/return trip 往返saver ticket 优惠票airport tax 机场税duty-free shop 免税店vacant seat 空座cabin 机舱flight number 航班号first class 头等仓economy class 经济仓business class 商务仓pullman 卧铺车E.T.D (estimated time of departure) 预计起飞时间E.T.A (estimated time of arrival) 预计到达时间take off 起飞land 降落departure 启程arrival 到达费用及支付book the room(make a reservation) 订房change 零钱cash 现金cheque 支票currency货币Canadian dollars 加元Australian dollars 澳元Pounds 英镑Euro 欧元Japanese Yen 日元saving card 储蓄卡credit card 信用卡Visa 维萨MasterCard 万事达American Express 美国运通语言French 法语Cantonese 粤语Mandarin 普通话Russian 俄语Italian 意大利语German 德语Portuguese 葡萄牙Japanese 日语2 Arabic 阿拉伯语景点与活动Hot springs 温泉fountain 喷泉beach 海滩spotlight tour 聚光灯旅行Excursion 短途旅行voyage 海上航行sailing cruise 航展museum 博物馆four-wheel drive 四驱车crocodile cruise 鳄鱼展waterfalls 瀑布castle城堡diving 潜水/跳水SCUBA Diving 器械潜水surfing 冲浪water skiing 滑水hang gliding 悬挂滑翔water polo 水球art gallery 艺术展snorkeling 浅潜botanical park 植物园bag-packer 背包客parachuting 跳伞sky-diving 跳伞punkee jumping 蹦极rock-climbing 攀岩off-road driving 越野驾驶hiking 徒步旅行skiing 滑雪Opera House 剧院Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔outing 短途外出Reptile Park 爬行动物园safari 狩猎theater剧院Stonehenge 巨石阵其他Snake 蛇stingers 刺痛人的东西shark 鲨鱼box jellyfish 水母的一种certain plants 某些植物orchid 兰花beach towel 大浴巾telescopes 望远镜walking boots 步行靴socks 袜子sunscreen 防晒霜long trousers 长裤sneakers 旅游鞋cream 护肤品souvenir 纪念品handicraft 手工艺knick-knack 小饰品雅思听力词汇之租房场景地理位置town（英）/city（美）城市rural areas 乡下suburb/outskirts 郊区downtown/urban area 闹市区uptown 住宅区countryside 乡村Road 路Street 街Avenue 大道Lane 巷Square 广场相关人物landlord/landlady 房东/太太house agency 房屋中介leasing agency 租赁中介real-estate agency 房产中介Student Accommodation Officer学生住宿管理员tenant 租户housing coordinator 住宿协调员住宅类型flat（英）/apartment（美）公寓home stay/host family 住在当地居民家中dormitory（dorm）大学宿舍high-rise flat 高层住宅halls of residence 宿舍楼university halls 大学宿舍楼youth hostel 青年旅社motel 汽车旅馆bedsit=bedsitting room/studio apartment 标准间unit 单元房single room 单人间twin room 双人间official residence 政府住房completed apartment 现房affordable housing 经济适用房forward housing delivery 期房bungalow 平房townhouse 排屋结构a single/ double/ triple bedroom 单/两/三卧房basement 地下室hall/entrance hall/lobby 大厅门厅porch/corridor 门廊走廊balcony 阳台storeroom 储物间shared kitchen 共用厨房laundry room 洗衣间lounge/living room 客厅fire doors 火灾逃生出口attic 阁楼费用rent/rental price 租金deposit 押金utility bill 账单telephone bill 电话费water bill 水费electricity bill 电费gas bill 天然气费cable bill 有线电视费heating fees 取暖费cleaning fees 清洁费property management 物业管理费internet connection service 网络接入费garbage fees 垃圾处理费agency fees 中介费34设备用具Facilities 设备用具furnished 配有家具的unfurnished 自备家具的half-furnished 有部分家具的bunk bed/double decker 双层床radiator 电暖炉tumble dryer 烘干机central heating 集中供暖stereo (system) 音响water heater 热水器vacuum cleaner 吸尘器refrigerator（fridge）冰箱washing machine 洗衣机dishwasher 洗碗机microwave oven 微波炉toaster 烤面包机air conditioner 空调stove 壁炉卧室用品single bed 单人床double bed 双人床bed-linen 被单和枕套blanket 毯子sheet 床单mattress 床垫quilt 棉被pillow 枕头curtain 窗帘wardrobe 衣橱armchair 扶手椅子环境surroundings/environment 环境yard/countyard 院子fountain 喷泉fence 栅栏insects haunting 闹虫子blackout 停电seaview 海景lawn 草坪greenbelt 绿化其他contract/lease 租约well-decorated 精装修的well-ventilated 通风良好的rules 规定non-smoker 不吸烟的人no smoking 不准吸烟non-drinker 不饮酒的人no drinking 不准喝酒no pets allowed 不准养宠物moving company 搬家公司floor plan 平面图layout 布局ornaments 装饰（物）雅思听力词汇之健康场景医院及医生clinic 诊所physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生dentist 牙医oculist/eye doctor 眼科医生vet 兽医see a doctor 看病make an appointment预约send for a doctor 请医生症状symptom 症状have/catch a cold 感冒have a sore throat 嗓子痛stomachache 胃痛fever 发烧cough 咳嗽headache 头痛toothache 牙痛have a runny nose 流鼻涕depression 沮丧vomit/throw up 呕吐dizzy 头晕feel chilly 觉得发冷phlegm 痰itch 痒疾病liver trouble 肝炎pneumonia 肺炎flu 流感allergy 过敏症twisted 扭伤的asthma 哮喘diabetics 糖尿病患者cramps 抽筋diarrhea 腹泻have a stuffed nose 鼻子不通cholera 霍乱stiff neck 脖子发僵yellow fever 黄热病hay fever 枯草热药剂pill 药丸tablet 药片capsule 胶囊mixture 合剂eye drops 眼药水syrup 糖浆pad 药棉块vitamin 维他命penicillin 盘尼西林antibiotic 抗生素ointment 药膏medication 药物aspirin 阿司匹林cold cure 感冒药sweating medicine 发汗药febrifuge 退烧药pharmacy 药店chemist 药剂师side effects 副作用治疗first-aid kit 急救箱bandage 绷带syringe 注射器injection 注射stethoscope 听诊器syringe 针管preventive injection 预防针gauze 纱布case history 病历take one’s temperature 量体温extract 拔牙feel one’s pulse 量脉搏take one’s blood pressure 量血压give a prescription 开药方have an operation 动手术5雅思听力词汇之图书馆场景borrow 借进lend 借出organize the loan 借书out of loan/circulation 已借出available/in circulation 可借到loan period 借期renew 续借circulate 流通circulation desk 借还书处information desk 问询处restrict 限制reserve预订magnetize 加磁demagnetize 消磁works 著作newspaper 报纸stacks 书库magazine 杂志journal/periodical issue期刊current issue 现刊back issue 过刊catalogue 目录category 分类librarian 图书馆管理员due/expiry 到期overdue 过期pay a fine 罚款open/closed shelves 开/闭架call slip 索书单extension 图书馆扩建工程cassette 盒式录音带return in time 准时归还copy machine 复印机black-and-white/color photocopy 黑白/彩色复印bibliography 参考文献manuals 手册novel 小说fiction 虚构小说6雅思听力词汇之银行场景账户：open an account 开户bank/pass book 存折savings account储蓄账户cheque account 支票账户current account 活期账户deposit account 定期账户monthly savings account 按月计息账户daily interest account 按天计息账户instant account速成户头joint account 联名账户expense account 公款支付账户signature card 签名卡credit card 信用卡cash card 现金卡debit card 借记卡cheque guarantee card 支票担保卡交易动作：deposit 存款draw/withdraw 取款earn interest 赚取利息annual interest rate 年利率service charge 服务费/手续费cheque book 支票簿order cheque 记名支票rubber cheque 空头支票blank cheque 空白支票traveler’s cheque 旅行支票exchange rate 汇率denomination=face value 面额value/worth面值bill 钞票cash 现金password/code 密码change 零钱coin 硬币four in hundred 四张一百元面额give the money in fives 换成五元面额fill out/in 填写amount in figures 小写金额amount in words 大写金额the balance of your bank account 账户余额unit 货币单位ounce 盎司penny 便士nickel （美、加）的五分硬币dime （美、加）的十分硬币service charge 服务费commercial/merchant bank 商业银行full refund 全额偿还extension 延期overdraw/overdraft 透支mortgage抵押rebate 回扣payday 发薪日pay slip/envelop 薪水单a princely sum(an excessive amount) 巨款by installment 分期付款apply for/grant a loan 申请/批准贷款collateral 担保物debt 债务loan 贷款statement 对账单money order 汇票人员：cashier 收银员teller/ clerk 银行职员accountant 会计7雅思听力词汇之环保场景灾害：Ozone Hole 臭氧空洞greenhouse effect 温室效应drought 干旱dust-storm 沙尘暴volcano eruption火山喷发deglaciation 冰川消融deforestation 滥砍滥伐（森林）acid rain/chemical rain 酸雨impoverishment of soil土地贫瘠化extinction 物种灭绝population explosion/population boom 人口激增物质：low carbon 低碳petroleum 石油embankment 筑堤sediment 沉积（物）delta 三角洲ecosystem 生态系统log 原木、日志、伐木vegetation 植物、植被habitat 栖息地meteorology 气象(学) granite 花岗岩latitude 纬度glacier 冰川mechanism 机理、机制solar energy 太阳能barren land 荒地celsius/ centigrade 摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏动作：conservation 保护、保存deterioration 恶化ooze 渗出、渗出物radiation 辐射inundate 淹没precipitation 陡降，降水circulation 流通、循环dump 倾倒、倾销contaminate 弄脏alluvial 冲积的reclaim 开垦、改造counterbalance 使平衡、弥补recycle 回收再利用prioritize 优先考虑demographics 人口统计recurrent 反复发生的irreversible 不可逆的contentious 有争议的attributable 可归因于8雅思听力词汇之地理场景行政区划province 省state 州city 市county 县capital 首都优点和缺点cost of living 生活费crime 犯罪pace of life 生活节奏interesting 有趣boring/dull 无聊主要产业manufacturing 制造业processing 加工业transportation 运输业farming 农业sheep and cattle farming 牛羊养殖业fishing 捕鱼业fish farming 养鱼业wine-making 造酒业printing 印刷业electronics 电子工业auto industry 汽车工业tourist industry 旅游业天气和气候climate 气候highest/lowest temperature 最高/低温度-20°C=minus twenty degrees Celsius/Centigrade 零下20度wet and windy 潮湿多风cold and wet 湿冷rainy 雨cloudy 阴flood 洪水drought 干旱语言language 语言accent 口音dialect 方言9雅思听力词汇之饮食场景活动activities生日派对birthday party 欢迎/欢送派对welcome/farewell party搬家晚会house warming party 宴会banquet 邀请对象people invited地点venue 其他准备工作other preparing work食物food头盘first course 法式洋葱汤French onion soup 主菜main course蔬菜色拉green salad 意大利面pasta 意大利细面条spaghetti通心粉macaroni 羊排lamb chop 牛排beef steak 猪排pork steak小牛肉排veal chop 香肠sausage 咖喱curry 烧烤roast自助烧烤barbecue 海鲜seafood 三文鱼salmon 金枪鱼tuna螃蟹crab 龙虾lobster 鱼翅shark fin 鲍鱼abalone 牡蛎oyster热狗hot dog 三明治sandwich 比萨pizza甜点desert葡萄干布丁plum pudding 苹果派apple pie 冰激凌ice cream饮料drinks果汁fruit juice 白葡萄酒white wine 香槟champagne 咖啡coffee预算budget听上去很普通，但我朋友说真的很好吃sounds ordinary but my friend said it was really tasty10雅思听力词汇之学习选课场景专业major 专业law 法学ecology 生态学psychology 心理学mythology 神话学anthropology 人类学sociology 社会学zoology 动物学meteorology 气象学biology 生物学economics 经济学electronics电子学statistics 统计学archeology 考古学architecture 建筑学history 历史学physics 物理学accountancy 会计学computing 计算机学fine arts美术课程及课程表course 课程lecture 大课tutorial 讨论课class timetable/schedule 课程表selective/elective/optional course 选修课major/mandatory course 主修课程prerequisite/required/compulsory course必修课core programme 核心课程crash programme/intensive course 速成课程correspondence course 函授课程syllabus 教学大纲the outline of the course课程大纲set exercises固定练习fixed answers固定答案curriculum 全部课程（集合）extracurricular 课外课程major 主修minor 辅修exemption 免修seminar 研讨会internship 实习field trip 实地考察课程programming 编程biography传记文学economic history 经济史语言Portuguese 葡萄牙语Italian 意大利语Russian 俄语Arabic 阿拉伯语mandarin普通话Cantonese粤语Spanish西班牙语级别fundamental/elementary/basic/Level 1/beginnig/primary 基础intermediate/secondary 中级advanced 高级时间academic/school year 学年semester/term 学期quarter/trimester 学季session课/会议duration 期间fixed 固定的论文、考试及成绩final test 期末考试paper 论文score/points/marks/grades 分数11placement test 入学分级测试aptitude test 能力测试credit/points 学分midterm test/midterm exam 期中考试final exam 期末考试Open/Close Book exam 开卷/闭卷考试defense 论文答辩degree 学位assessment 综合评估assignments 作业handout 上课老师发的印刷品presentation 针对某专题的发言project 需学生独立钻研的论文resources资料paper/thesis/dissertation 论文/硕士论文/博士论文essay 短论文journal 周记enforce attendance/participation 强迫到课coeducation 男女同校教育secondary school中学elementary/primary school 小学symposium 座谈会treatise（专题）论文supervise 监督revise/rewrite 修改summary 总结audio-visual 视听plagiarism剽窃scholarship/grants奖学金tuition学费qualification 资格auditorium会堂、礼堂lounge 大厅gymnasium 体育馆glossary 词汇表research 研究deadline 最后期限extension 延期topic 题目questionnaire 问卷调查poll （民意）调查，survey 调查observation 观察研究respondents/interviewee 回答调查问题者/被访谈的人hypothesis假设statistics统计quantitative数量的/定量的in-depth case study 案例深入分析credit system 学分系统pass-fail 考查课give to lecturer for marking 给老师批改Student Record Card学生成绩单at least 2000 words in length 至少200字key terms and concepts 关键术语概念analytical 分析的mechanical 机械的theoretical 理论的journalistic 纪实的学生俱乐部、社团及费用Student Union 学生会society 社团registration form注册表membership application会员资格申请申请applicant 申请人application form 申请表enrolment 报到Admissions Office招办Foreign/ International/Overseas Student 留学生letter of recommendation 推荐信letter of acceptance 录取通知书international student card 留学生证day of session 开学时间programme/program 某专业的课程总称school 学院faculty系12雅思听力词汇之新生报到场景设施：facilities 设施canteen/dining hall食堂student union office 学生会办公室Administration/Admin Office 管理办公室New Students Enrolments新生报道处Common Room/House 公共休息室cafeteria 自助餐厅accommodation住宿dorm/dormitory 宿舍parking lot/car park停车场shopping mall购物中心teaching building 教学大楼lecture theatre 阶梯教室laboratory/lab 实验室auditorium 会堂、礼堂Recreation Center娱乐室gymnasium/gym 体育馆library 图书馆lounge 休息厅locker room更衣室the School of Law 法学院law faculty 法律系（学院）divisions/departments 系教师：dean系主任、院长student/school counselor辅导老师tutor/mentor导师Principal/President 校长chancellor 名誉校长faculty 教职员总称lecturer 上课的老师coordinator 协调员Support Tutor 指导老师Director of Studies督学学生活动：register/enroll 登记、报到orientation week 适应周orientation meeting 介绍会opening ceremony 开学典礼deadlines 截至日期attendance 出勤率homesickness 想家financial 财务的too high expectations 期望值太高plagiarism 作弊living with students from his own country 同家乡学生一起生活wrong courses 选错了专业technical terms/vocabulary 科技术语、词汇society 学生社团指路、指示方向be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近be next to 紧邻go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/过cross (over) 穿过（某条街道）go up/down 向上（北）/向下（南）be on sb’s left/right 在某人的左/右边go back/back/back up 向回走go east/west/south/north 向东/南/西/北turn left/right 左/右转go on/along…till you meet…沿…一直走，直到…1314 be the first/second/third from the left/right 从左/右数第一/二/三个directly opposite 和…相对be located behind/in front of 坐落在…的前/后面be on the corner of A street and B street 在A和B街交汇的拐角处be in the corner of 在…的角落里ground floor （英）首层basement 地下室wing/ annex 配楼step 台阶wheel chair access 无台阶/残疾人用aisle 过道intersection/crossroad 十字路口a fork on the road 分叉路口a T road 丁字路口intersection/crossroads/junction/clover-leaf 立交桥一、Listening situation: social events (section 2)雅思听力section 2 中经常会考到一些社会事件，比如说会议、展览、节日等。
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Assignment:
1.河道、瓦房和石桥组合成了位于上海西侧的周庄，这是淀山湖畔一个风景如画的水乡小
镇。
Zhouzhuang is a small canal town located on the west of Shanghai. The combinations of waterways, tiled houses and stone bridges make up a picturesque view for the shore of Dianshan Lake.
A web of waterways, tiled houses and stone bridges holds together Zhouzhuang, a small canal
town located on the picturesque shores of the Dianshan Lake, west of shanghai
2.西湖周围有公园、茶馆、旅店，还有清新的空气、秀丽的景致、宁静的气氛、绿树成荫
的街道和拱形的石桥，构成了人们心目中的“中国风景”。
Around West Lake, there are parks, teahouses and hotels. With the fresh air, the inviting views, the pleasant shade and the arched bridges, the elegant environment make it a Chinese Scenery in everyone’s mind.
Around the west lake, the air is clear, the landscape green and tranquil, and the avenues of willows and arched stone bridges conform to everyone’s idea of what Chinese scenery should look like.
3.绍兴的鉴湖，湖水清澈，风景秀丽，故又名镜湖。
Because of its clear water and inviting views, the Jianhu in Shaoxing is also known as Mirror Lake.
The Jianhu Lake in Shaoxing is also known as Mirror Lake for its crystal clear water and picturesque landscape around.
4.这里不仅民族风情浓郁，同时还是一片具有生命灵气的宝地，草原辽阔，山水环绕。
梅
里雪山主峰卡格博，屹立于迪庆西北，海拔6740米，是迪庆的最高点，也是云南第一峰，终年雪冠冰氅，云缠雾罩。
Having a strong flavor of local ethnic color, the prefecture boasts a scenic landscape with surrounding mountains and winding rivers and streams. As the dominant peak of Meili Mountain, the Kagebo Peak is outstanding at the northwest of Diqing with the height of 6740 meters above the sea level . Being covered by snow and surrounded by mist all year, it is known as the first peak of Y unnan province,
Radiating with the local ethnic colors of ethnic minorities, the Prefecture boasts a scenic landscapes with surrounding mountains and winding rivers and streams. The Kagebo Peak---the dominant peak of the Meili Mountain range in the northwest of Diqing---stands aloft 6740 meters above the sea level, the highest peak in Diqing and in Yunnan province as well, was covered by snow and shrouded by mist all the year round.。