中国饮食文化简介(全英文版) 2
中国饮食文化英文介绍
中国饮食文化英文介绍各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢篇一：中国饮食文化——英文版China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China’s local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine.中国地域辽阔，民族众多，因此各种中国饮食口味不同，却都味美，令人垂涎。
因为中国地方菜肴各具特色，总体来讲，中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系，这种分类已被广为接受。
当然，还有其他很多著名的地方菜系，例如北京菜和上海菜。
Shandong Cuisine山东菜系Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong. Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste.山东菜系，由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，清淡，不油腻，以其香，鲜，酥，软而闻名。
中国饮食文化——英文版
中国饮食文化——英文版第一篇：中国饮食文化——英文版China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor.Since China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around.Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine.中国地域辽阔，民族众多，因此各种中国饮食口味不同，却都味美，令人垂涎。
因为中国地方菜肴各具特色，总体来讲，中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系，这种分类已被广为接受。
当然，还有其他很多著名的地方菜系，例如北京菜和上海菜。
Shandong Cuisine山东菜系Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness.Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually.Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes.Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong.Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste.山东菜系，由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，清淡，不油腻，以其香，鲜，酥，软而闻名。
中国饮食文化简介(英文版)Various Chinese Dishes
5 Yue (Cantonese) Cuisine
From Guangdong Province, mainly made up of 3 parts: Guangzhou, Chaozhou and Dongjiang. Though with a relatively short history, Guangdong dishes is quite famous all around the world. The Chinese food in many Chinese Town majorly belong to Yue Cuisine. ”Daring to eat” is a commonly accepted saying for Guangdongnese, for they put everything edible to their dinning table, thus Yue Cuisine has the largest diversity of ingredients. What is more, cooks in Guangdong has also compounded some western cooking methods with their local traditional ways, making Yue Cuisine more creative. Yue Cuisine is also famous for its fresh and mild flavor, which helps to keep the nature of ingredients. The Most Famous Dishes: Scalded Shrimps Sliced Beef with Oyster Sauce Salt Baked Chicken Roasted Goose Rice Noodles Fried with Sliced Beef Tingzai porridge Guangdong-style Mooncake Roasted Suckling Pig Stewed Sweet and Sour Pork
中国饮食文化英语的介绍
Hunan Cuisine
Hunan cuisine is one of the eight regional cuisines of China and is well known for its hot spicy(热辣，干辣) flavor（味道）, fresh aroma（香味） and deep color. Common cooking techniques include stewing（炖）, frying（煎）, pot-roasting（烤）, braising（焖）, and smoking（熏）. Due to the high agricultural output of the region, ingredients for Hunan dishes are many and varied.
Eight Cuisines
• Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, but the most influential and typical known by the public are the 'Eight Cuisines'. These are as follows: Shandong Cuisine, Sichuan Cuisine, Guangdong Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine , Jiangsu Cuisine, Zhejiang Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine, and Anhui Cuisine. The essential factors that establish the form of a genre are complex and include history, cooking features, geography, climate, resources and life styles. Cuisines from different regions are so distinctive that sometimes despite the fact that two areas are geographical neighbors their styles are completely alien.
中国饮食文化__英文版
Husband and wife’s slung slice 夫妻肺片
夫妻肺片，原名“夫妻废片”，但并不用肺。属 于川菜系,四川汉族特色小吃，以牛头皮、牛心、 牛舌、牛肚、牛肉为料，注重选料，制作精细， 调味考究。夫妻肺片片大而薄，粑糯入味，麻辣 鲜香，细嫩化渣。深受群众喜爱，为区别于其他 肺片，便以“夫妻肺片”称之，在用料上更为讲 究，质量日益提高。
国菜五品
色--
color 香-- flavor 味– taste 形– shape 意-- meaning
Feature of cooking （烹饪要点）
选材 ingredients 刀工 cutting technique 火候 heat control 调味 flavor
Eight Culinary Traditions of China 八大菜系
Hui Cantonese Min Hunan Su Lu chuan Zhe
徽菜 粤菜 闽菜 湘菜 苏菜 鲁菜 川菜 浙菜
Ridiculous translation
Rolling donkey
Anhui cuisine
Anhui cuisine is derived from the native cooking styles of the Huangshan Mountains region in China and is similar to Jiangsu cuisine, but with less emphasis on seafood and more on a wide variety of local herbs and vegetables. Anhui province is particularly endowed with fresh bamboo and mushroom crops.
Chinese Food 中国饮食文化 英文版
Chinese cuisineChinese cuisine(Chinese: 中國菜) originated from different regions of China and has become widespread in many other parts of the world —from East Asia to North America, Australasia and Western Europe.National cuisineA meal in Chinese culture is typically seen as consisting of two or more general components:(1) a carbohydrate source or starch, known as 主食 in the Chinese language, (zhǔshíPinyin , lit. "main food", staple) — typically rice, noodles, or mantou (steamed buns), and (2) accompanying dishes of vegetables, meat, fish, or other items, known as 菜 (cài Pinyin , lit. vegetable") in the Chinese language. This cultural conceptualization is in some ways in contrast to cuisines of Northern Europe and the USA, where meat or animal protein is often considered the main dish, and analogous to the one of most Mediterranean cuisines, based typically on wheat-derived components like pasta or cous cous.Rice is a critical part of much of Chinese cuisine. However, in many parts of China, particularly northern China, wheat-based products including noodles and steamed buns (such as mantou) predominate, in contrast to southern China where rice is dominant. Despite the importance of rice in Chinese cuisine, at extremely formal occasions, sometimes no rice at all will be served; in such a case, rice would only be provided when no other dishes remained, or as a token dish in the form of fried rice at the end of the meal. Soup is usually served at the start of a meal and at the end of a meal in Southern China.Chopsticks are the primary eating utensil in Chinese culture for solid foods, while soups and other liquids are enjoyed[1] with a wide, flat-bottomed spoon (traditionally made of ceramic). It is reported that wooden chopsticks are losing their dominance due to recent logging shortfalls in China and East Asia [citation needed]; many Chinese eating establishments are considering a switch to a more environmentally sustainable eating utensil, such as plastic or bamboo chopsticks [citation needed]. More expensive materials used in the past included ivory and silver. On the other hand, disposable chopsticks made of wood/bamboo have all but replaced reusable ones in small restaurants.In most dishes in Chinese cuisine, food is prepared in bite-sized pieces (e.g. vegetable, meat, doufu), ready for direct picking up and eating. Traditionally, Chinese culture considered using knives and forks at the table barbaric due to fact that these implements are regarded as weapons. It was also considered ungracious to have guests work at cutting their own food. Fish are usually cooked and served whole, with diners directly pulling pieces from the fish with chopsticks to eat, unlike in some other cuisines where they are first filleted. This is because it is desired for fish to be served as fresh as possible. It is common in many restaurant settings for the server to use a pair of spoons to divide the fish into servings at the table. Chicken is another meat popular in Chinese meals. While the chicken is cut into pieces, every single piece of the chicken is served includinggizzards and head. The emphasis in Chinese culture on wholeness is reflected here. It is considered bad luck if fish or chicken is served without its head and tail, as that is synonymous with something that does not have a proper beginning or end.In a Chinese meal, each individual diner is given his or her own bowl of rice while the accompanying dishes are served in communal plates (or bowls) that are shared by everyone sitting at the table. In the Chinese meal, each diner picks food out of the communal plates on a bite-by-bite basis with their chopsticks. This is in contrast to western meals where it is customary to dole out individual servings of the dishes at the beginning of the meal. Many non-Chinese are uncomfortable with allowing a person's individual utensils (which might have traces of saliva) to touch the communal plates; for this hygienic reason, additional serving spoons or chopsticks （公筷, mon/public/shared chopsticks) may be made available. In areas with increased Western influence, such as Hong Kong, diners are provided individually with a heavy metal spoon for this purpose. The food selected is often eaten together with some rice either in one bite or in alternation.Vegetarianism is not uncommon or unusual in China, though, as is the case in the West, it is only practiced by a relatively small proportion of the population. The Chinese vegetarians do not eat a lot of tofu, unlike the stereotypical impression in the West. Most Chinese vegetarians are Buddhists. Chinese vegetarian dishes often contain large varieties of vegetables (e.g. pok choy, shiitake mushroom, sprouts, corn) and some "imitated meat". Such "imitated meat" is created mostly with soy to imitate the texture, taste, and appearance of duck, chicken, or pork. Chinese Buddhist cuisine has many true vegetarian dishes that contain no meat at all.In contrast to most western meals, a Chinese meal does not typically end with a dessert. However, a sweet dish is usually served at the end of a formal dinner or banquet, such as sliced fruits or a sweet soup (糖水, lit. sugar water) which is served warm.In traditional Chinese culture, cold beverages are believed to be harmful to digestion of hot food, so items like ice-cold water or soft drinks are traditionally not served at meal-time. Besides soup, if any other beverages are served, they would most likely be hot tea or hot water. Tea is believed to help in the digestion of greasy foods. Despite this tradition, nowadays beer and soft drinks are popular accompaniment with meals. A popular combo in many small restaurants in parts of China is hot pot served with cold beer, a combination known as 冷淡杯 (Pinyin: leng3 dan4 bei1, literally: cold and bland cup, despite being strongly flavored), which is the very opposite of what traditional wisdom would admonish. Ideas from Chinese herbology, such as the four natures, influence the food combinations favored in traditional Chinese meals.Common dishes found on a national levelThere are many dishes that are considered part of the nation's national cuisine today. Below are lists of a few of the more common dishes available in China on a national level.Dishes by ingredientPoultry-based dishes•Kung Pao chicken (gongbao jiding) 宫保鸡丁•Peking Duck (Beijing kaoya) 北京烤鸭 - the trademark dish of Beijing•Soy egg (滷蛋; lǔdàn): hard boiled egg,•Tea egg (茶葉蛋; (cháyèdàn): hard boiled egg•Century egg (皮蛋; pi2 dan4; lit. leather egg):1 thousand year old eggPork-based dishes•Dongpo pork (Donpo rou)东坡肉•Sweet and sour pork (gulaorou) 古老肉•Twice Cooked Pork (huiguorou) 回锅肉•Char siu (chashao) 叉烧 (Barbecued roast pork)Grain-based dishesRice-based dishes•Rice 米饭o Fried rice (chaofan) 炒饭Noodles•Noodles 面条o Fried noodles (chowmein) 炒面o Noodle soup 面汤o Zha jiang mian (zhajiangmian) 炸醬面 - noodles mixed with a heavily flavored meat sauceLegume-based dishes•Doufu 豆腐 with•Mapo doufu 麻婆豆腐•Soy milk (豆奶; dou4 nai3 or 豆漿; dou4 jiang1) in either sweet or "salty" form •Stinky tofu (choudoufu) 臭豆腐•Fermented cabbage (酸菜)Vegetable-based dishes•Buddha's delight (luohanzhai) 罗汉斋 (vegetarian dish popular amongst Buddhists) •Pickled vegetables (jiangcai) (醬菜; jiang4cai4; lit. sauced vegetables)Dishes by cooking method•Double boiling/Double steaming 炖 - is a Chinese cooking technique to prepare delicate and often expensive ingredients. The food is covered with water and put in a covered ceramic jar, and is then steamed for several hours.•Red cooking 紅烧 - an umbrella term used to describe slow-cooked stews characterized by the use of soy sauce and/or caramelized sugar and various ingredients.•Stir-fry - an umbrella term used to describe two fast Chinese cooking techniques: chǎo (炒) and bào (爆).Dumplings•Jiaozi 饺子(steamed (zhengjiao) or boiled (shuijiao, tangjiaozi) dumplings) •Wonton (huntun) 馄饨/云吞 (sphere-shaped dumplings usually served boiled in broth or deep-fried)•Guotie 锅贴(fried jiaozi dumplings)•Xiao Long Bao (xiaolongbao) 小笼包(soup dumplings) - a specialty of Shanghai •Dim sum (dianxin) 点心 - a staple of Cantonese cuisine•Zongzi 粽子(glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo leaves, usually with a savory or sweet filling)•Baozi 包子 (filled steamed buns)•Mantou (steamed bun) 馒头Pastry•Mooncake (yuebing) 月饼 (special cake eaten at Mid-Autumn Festival)•Shaobing 烧饼 - a flaky baked or pan-seared dough pastry.•Youtiao 油条 - "oily tail", or other fried Chinese doughfoods饼(including green onion pancakes (congyoubing) 葱油饼)•Sachima 沙琪玛 - a sweet pastry commonly sold in Oriental convenience stores •Longevity buns (steamed buns filled with bean paste, made to look like peaches and served on birthdays)Soups, stews and porridge•Hot pot 火锅•Hot and sour soup (suanlatang) 酸辣汤•Congee (粥; zhou1): rice porridge•Tong sui (tangshui) 糖水 (sweet Cantonese soup served as a dessert)•Won ton soupChinese FoodFood has a special meaning to the Chinese people. The "waste not, want not" ethos means that a surprising range and variety of plants and animals, and every part of a plant or animal is used. This has given rise to a remarkable diversity in the regional cuisine, but to Westerners it can be overwhelming - surprising, fantastic, delicious, horrifying or disgusting - and above all, different.Chinese Cooking ArtChinese cooking embodies the dining culture tradition of Chinese nation. Compared with the cooking of all other nations in the world, it has many distinctive features.Firstly, it has varied flavor. Since our country has a vast territory and abundant resources with differences in climate, products, customs and habits in all parts, it has developed many flavors in diet over a long period of time. There has been the saying of rice in the south and noodles in the north in our country all the time. The flavor is divided into sweetness in the south, saltiness in the north, sourness in the east and hotness in the west, which can mainly be reduced to the four flavors of Bashu (Sichun), Qilu (Shandong), Huaiyang (Jiangsu) and Yuemin (Guangdong and Fujian).Secondly, there are differences in four seasons. With four seasons in a year, people take food according the seasons, which is another feature of Chinese cooking. Since antiquity, our country has always seasoned and matched food with the variation of seasons. The flavor is pure and thick in winter while light and cool in summer. The food are mostly braised, stewed, simmered in winter and cold and dressed with sauce and frozen in summer.Thirdly, it places an emphasis on aesthetic feeling. Chinese cooking has not only superior techniques, but also has the tradtion of placing an emphasis on the aesthetic feeling of dishes and pays attention to the harmony and agreement of food’s color, fragrance, flavor, shape and utensils. The aesthetic feeling of dishes has all around representations. Whether it is a red radish or a green cabbage, all kind of designs can be carved out, which has a unique style, attains the harmony of color, fragrance, flavor, shape and beauty and provides people with highly unified special enjoyment in spirit and material.Fourthly, it pays attention to temperament and interest. The cooking of our country has placed an emphasis on taste and interest since very early times. It not only has strict requirements on the color, fragrance and flavor of meals and snacks, but also has certain requirements on the naming of dishes, the manner of tasting the flavor, the rhythm of having dinner and the insertion of entertainment, etc. The names of Chinese dishes can be called reaching the aceme of perfection and suiting both refined and popular tastes. The dishes may named realistically according to the main ingredients, supplementary ingredients and seasoning as well as their cooking methods or called in accordance with historical literaryquotations, myths, legends, the intereting episodes of celebrities taking food, the image of dishes, such as "family collections (made of all sorts of seafood and riverfood)", "red lion's head (fried meatballs in brown sauce)", "beggar's chicken" (roasted chicken in yellow mud).Lastly, it combines food with medicine. The cooking technique of our country is closely related with medical treament and health care. There has been the statement that food and medicine have the same origin and action since several thousand years ago. It takes advantage of the medicinal properties of the raw materials of food and makes them into all kinds of cuisine, thereby accomplishing the purpose of preventing and curing certain diseases.Chinese Food and Health BuildingThroughout Chinese history people have searched for a way to achieve immortality. Huang Di. the Yellow Emperor. was the legendary forefather of all tribes in the Central Plains. He was well versed in medicine. language. philosophy. and mathematics. There is a Chinese myth that in remote ages Huang Di rode a dragon into heaven.Emperors of later dynasties. from Shi Huang. the founding emperor of the Qin Dynasty. to Wu Di. the emperor of the Han Dynasty. hoped to turn this myth into reality. They either sent virgins of both sexes to the East China Sea for the elixir of life. or blindly trusted necromancers and worshipped ghosts and gods in search of a way to become immortal. The Chinese theory of health building developed from efforts to protect and build health. prevent disease. and prolong life. The I Ching (Book of Changes). a Confucian classic written more than 2.000 years ago. says: "If accustomed to the nature of Heaven and Earth. man can live forever even if he gets sick."The philosophical writings of thinkers and statesmen from the late years of the Spring and Autumn Period contain many descriptions about health building. These writings include the Dao De Jing by Lao Zi. the Analects of Confucius and the Guan zi of Guan Zhong. These were the start of Chinese theories on health building.The Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods (770 �C 221 B.C.) were a fertile time for multiple schools of thought. and political pluralism provided a rich atmosphere for developing academic thought. Representatives of all schools of thought were concerned with political issues and problems related to life. As life is inseparable from food and drink. scholars of the pre �C Qin times contemplated dietetic culture and the relationship between food and health building.Energy of foodsTraditional Chinese Medicine classifies foods by their energetic values rather than their caloric or fat content. Here is a list of popular foods and their classification.COLD Banana Watermelon Bok Choi Turnip Celery Califlower CrabBean Sprouts Asparagus Eggplant Cucumber Grapefruit Pineapple Tangerine Zucchini Seaweed Tofu COOLPearPeppermintGreen TeaOolong TeaBitter GourdCookedLettuceGreen AppleSnow PeaWhite CornOrangesCabbageSoybeanSproutsApplesCooked OnionStrawberriesCheeseCherriesMushroomsMisoWARMRiceNoodlesBreadPorkChickenTurkeyBroccoliGreenPepperGreen BeansEgg WhitesYellow CornEgg YolkFishPepperGingerGarlicCookedTomatoSpinachBlack TeaNectarinesMilkHOTNutsGrilledFoodsAvocadoLicheeTurtleChocolateCocoaRaw OnionsCoffeeLambDuckEggplantRed PepperVenisonDeep FriedFoodsChinese Cooking TechniquesSuperior MaterialsMaterial selection is the first and foremost technique for Chinese chefs and the basis for making top grade Chiense cuisine. It requires rich knowledge and skilled techiniques of application. The raw materials of each cuisine include main ingredients, side ingredients, supplementary ingredients and seasonings, which all need careful study and have fixed patterns. They can be generalized as the two words of "exquisiteness" and "fineness". This is what Confucius says high quality materials and finely cut meat. “Exquisiteness” means when selecting materials, people should consider the characteristics of their varities, places of origin, seasons and growth period, etc. Superior materials should be fresh, rich, tender, and excellent in quality. Take Beijing roasted duck as example. It selects the "stuffed duck" produced in Beijing. An exellent quality duck has a weight around two and a half kilograms. If it is too large, the flesh will be old while if it is too small, the flesh will not be fat and delicious enough. Sometimes materials need special treatment according to the flavor of dishes. Take the famous dish of Hangzhou "West Lake fish in vinegar" as example. It selects live grass carp produced by the West Lake. Though it tasets fresh, it has loose flesh and the smell of earth. Therefore, it should be placed in a specially made bamboo cage and starved for two days in clear water until its flesh become solid and the odor of earth is got rid of. In this way, the fish will taste more tender and delicious with the flavor of crab flesh after being cooked. "Fineness" means selecting raw materials from the best part. For example, the famous cuisine "chicken cubes with peanuts" selects the tender flesh at the breast of a spring chicken of the same year so as to guarantee the tenderness of flesh.Fine Slicing TechniquesSlicing technique is namely the cutting treatment of a chef on raw materials of food so that the materials might have an orderly and identical shape required by cooking, adapt to duration and be heated evenly. In this way, the materials become tasty while retaining certain morphological beauty. Therefore, it is one of the keys of cooking techniques. Our country has attached great importance to the application of slicing techniques since ancient times. Through repeated practice, chefs of past dynasties have created abundant ways of cutting, such as straight cutting, slice cutting, oblique cutting, score cutting (score the material without cutting off) and engraving cutting, process raw materials into all shapes such as slice, strip, shred, pieces, diamond, grain, paste, into a variety of designs and colors such as pellet, ball, ear of wheat, Lizi, coir raincoat, orchid and chrysanthemum.Cutting techniques are combined with dish decoration. Ripe materials and edible raw materials can be pieced together into highly artistic and lifelike hors d'oeuvres of birds, beasts, insects, fish, flower, grass, such as "dragon and phoenix bringing auspices and prosperity (made of snakes, hens, hams and medlars)", "peacock showing its tail (steamed bream with scallions and black beans)", "a pied magpie ascending the plumb tree (made of sautéed goose breast, stewed winter mushroom with gravy, white cake, yellow cake, ripe chicken breast, carrot and ham, etc)", "lotus and crane (made of lotus, egg, shark fin and crab roe)" and "two phoenixes above flower basket". For example, "peacock showing its tail" uses fifteen ingredients such as duck meat, ham, pig tongue, partridge egg, crab claw meat and cucumber and is completed through twenty two exquisite cutting techniques and decorating procedures.Original DurationDuration is one of the keys to the formation of the flavor characteristics of delicious dishes. However, duration is fast changing, it is difficult to control the duration to perfection without several years of practical operational experience. Hence, a mastery of appropriate duration is a stunt of the chefs in our country. The chefs in our country can accurately distinguish between different firepower such as vigorous fire, medium fire and slow fire, are familiar with the heat-resistant degree of all kinds of ingredients, are skillful in controlling the time of using fire, excel in mastering the performance of heat transfer objects (oil, water and gas), fix on the sequence of placing ingredients into the boiler according to the ingredients’ degree of tenderness, amount of water, shapes, sizes, wholeness and thickness and apply cooking techniques flexibly. Hence, the cooked dishes can either be tender, soft or boiled to a mush.Duration is the most important thing in cooking and also the most difficult to be mastered and explained. However, whether a cook can become a famous chef, the key lies in duration. Therefore, when cooks in the cuisine field of our country operate duration, they bring into full play the abilities of subtle observation and experience and rich imagination with a lifetime's experience and intelligence of enlightening themselves and do the creation of diet culture. Ingenuity in varying tactics depends on mother wit. It’s really the ca se that "the gain and loss can be known to the cook's heart".Five Flavors Being in Harmonious ProportionFlavoring is an important cooking technique. "If five flavors are in harmonious proportion, there will be a hundred sweet-smelling flavors". The flavors of fish and meat dishes are divided into the basic type and the compoud type. The basic type is probably divided into nine categories, namely, saltiness, sweetness, sourness, spiciness, bitterness, freshness, fragrance, numbness and lightness. The compound type is difficult to be counted. It can generally be reduced to around fifty types. The flavor types of dishes in our country approximately include: salty and flesh flavor, salty and sweet flavor, sour and sweet flavor, spicy and salty flavor, fragrant and spicy flavor, spicy flavor, fragrant rice wine flavor, fish flavor and special spicy flavor, etc.Eight Distinct Regional CuisineChinese dishes have many schools in cooking. Of them, the most influential and representative and acknowleged by the society are the culinary schools of Lu, Chuan, Yue, Min, Su, Zhe, Xiang and Hui, namely, what people often says "the eight culinary schools" of China.The formation of a culinary school is inseparable with its long history and original cooking characteristics. It is also under the influences such as natural geography, climatic conditions, resources, specialties and dieting habits of this area. Someone decribes "the eight culinary schools" with personalized devices: the cuisines of Jiangsu and Zhejiang are compared to delicate and pretty beauties of the Yangtze River Delta; those of Shandong and Anhui are compared to clumsy and simple sturdy man of the north; those of Guangdong and Fujian are compared to dissolute and elegant childes; those of Sichuan and Hunan are like the personage with abundant and substantial connotations and varied accomplishment. The cooking techniques of Chinese "eight culinary schools" have their own charm and the characteristics of dishes also have their own strong points.Lu CuisineLu cuisine is composed of Jinan cuisine, Jiaodong cuisine and Kongfu cuisine. Though the three cuisines have the same geographical position and belong to the category of "Lu cuisine", they have their own characteristics.Jinan cuisine selects materials extensively. The dishes with thick color are particular about being bold and unconstrained. Moreover, the strong point of Jinan cuisine lies in making soup. The use and making of clear soup, milky soup and superior soup all have strict stipulations. The famous snacks of Jinan include Wuren Stuffed Bun (a bun stuffed with five kernels of walnuts, peanut, ginkgo, melon seeds and sesame), Large Stuffed Bun of the Spring City, Spring Cake and Spring Rolls with shepherd’s purse herb, etc.Jiaodong cuisine, which includes dishes in Qingdao, Yantai and Weihai, excels in making seafood. The cooking method of Jiaodong cuisine is particular about freshness, aliveness and insipidity and its flavor gives priority to tenderness. Famous snacks include sauce olla podrida, baked sleeve-fish, stir-fried clam, frozen vegetables and green-bean starch noodles and Chinese fried dumpling. Of them the Chinese fried dumplings have twenty to thirty flavors.Kongfu cuisine, which is represented by "high quality materials and finely cut meat" of Confucius, is composed of the two categories of banquet catering and daily homemade meals. The Kongfu banquet has different specifications in accordance with the rank of monarch, minister, father and son, uses the whole set of silver tablewares and serves 196 courses of dishes.Representative dishes：Fish in sweat and sour sauce, braised pig elbow, fried mutton slices with green scallion, braised sea cucumbers with spring onions, baked bean curd, braised whelk with brown sauce and fried oysters, etc.Chuan CuisineIn late Qin and early Han period, Chuan cuisine had basically been established. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, it went through rapid development. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,it had enjoyed a great reputation. Now the Chuan cuisine restaurants spread all over the world. Authentic Chuan cuisine is represented by the dishes of Chengdu of Sichuan Province and Chongqing. It attaches importance to material choice and is particular about specifications. The side dishes distinguished by different colors have a clear distinction between primary and secondary priority, thus being bright-colored and harmonious. It is characterized by sourness, sweetness, numbness, spiciness, fragrance, heavy oil and thick flavor. Placing an emphasis on seasoning, it can't go without chilli, pepper and Chinese red pepper as well as fresh ginger. It wins universal praise for its hotness, sourness and numbness, which are rare in other local dishes, develop the unique flavor of Chuan cuisine and enjoys a good reputation as "one dish with one flavor and one hundred dishes with one hundred flavors". Its cooking methods excel in baking, sautéing, dry-sauteeing and steaming. Chuan cuisine is good at using flavor and has thick gravy. Based on the five flavors of saltiness, sweetness, numbness, spiciness and sourness, it is added with all kinds of seasonings, which cooperate with each other and develop into twenty three compound flavors of all sorts, such as homemade flavor, salty and fresh flavor, fish flavor, litchi flavor and bizarre flavor, etc.Representative Dishes：Braised chicken dices with peanuts, sautéed spicy pork, boiled beef in hot sauce, Mapo dofu (spicy bean curd), fried sliced pork meat with spicy sauce and fish with bean sauce, etc.Yue CuisineThere have been records of Yue cuisine since the West Han Dynasty. During the South Song Dynasty, it was under the influence of the migration of imperial chefs to the lamb city (Guangdong). During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it went through rapid development. In the 20th century, due to international trade, it assimilated some strenghs of western food and hence was spread all over the world. There are several thousand of Yue cuisine restaurants in New York of America. Yue cuisine develops with the dishes of Guangzhou, Chaozhou and Dongjiang as representatives. The cuisine has extensive raw materials, a great variety of designs and colors, novel shapes. It is changeable and particular about freshness, tenderness, refreshingness and smoothness. Generally it strives to be light in summer and autumn and lay particular stree on thickness and pureness in winter and spring. Seasoning has the dinction between five tastes (fragrance, softness, stinkiness, fatness and thickness) and six flavors (sourness, sweetness, bitterness, saltiness, spciness and freshness). Its cooking excels in frying, deep-frying, braising, stewing, and sautéing, etc. The dishes have thick colors and taste smooth without being greasy.。
中国饮食文化英文版
中国饮食文化英文版Chinese Food CultureChinese food culture is an integral part of Chinese tradition and heritage. With a history spanning thousands of years, Chinese cuisine has evolved and diversified, reflecting the country's rich and diverse culinary landscape. From the spicy flavors of Sichuan cuisine to the delicate tastes of Cantonese dim sum, Chinese food is known for its variety and complexity. In this article, we will explore the key elements of Chinese food culture and its significance in Chinese society.1. Historical InfluencesChinese food culture is deeply rooted in the country's history and has been shaped by various influences over the centuries. One of the earliest influences on Chinese cuisine was the introduction of agriculture during the Neolithic period, which brought about the cultivation of rice, wheat, and other staple crops. This laid the foundation for the development of traditional Chinese cooking techniques and recipes.Another significant influence on Chinese food culture was the Silk Road, a network of trade routes that connected China with the Middle East and Europe. This led to the exchange of spices, herbs, and cooking methods, which enriched Chinese cuisine and introduced new flavors and ingredients.2. Regional DiversityOne of the defining characteristics of Chinese food culture is its regional diversity. China is a vast and geographically diverse country, with eachregion having its own unique culinary traditions and specialties. For example, the spicy and numbing flavors of Sichuan cuisine are a stark contrast to the light and fresh flavors of Shandong cuisine.Each region in China has its own distinct ingredients, cooking styles, and flavor profiles, which are influenced by local customs, climate, and geography. This regional diversity has contributed to the richness and depth of Chinese cuisine, making it one of the most diverse and vibrant culinary traditions in the world.3. Social SignificanceIn Chinese culture, food is not just sustenance but also a symbol of social connections and harmony. Shared meals play a central role in Chinese social life, bringing families and communities together to celebrate festivals, weddings, and other important occasions. The act of preparing and sharing food is seen as a way to strengthen bonds and foster relationships.Food also holds symbolic significance in Chinese culture, with certain dishes and ingredients representing prosperity, happiness, and good fortune. For example, fish is often served whole during Lunar New Year celebrations to symbolize abundance and prosperity, while dumplings are eaten to usher in wealth and good luck.4. Traditional PracticesChinese food culture is steeped in tradition, with many customs and practices that have been passed down through generations. One such practice is the concept of "balance" in Chinese cuisine, which emphasizes the harmony of flavors, textures, and colors in a meal. It is believed that a well-balanced meal not only nourishes the body but also balances the body's energy and promotes good health.Another traditional practice in Chinese food culture is the use of food as medicine. Many ingredients in Chinese cuisine, such as ginseng, goji berries, and lotus seeds, are believed to have healing properties and are used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various ailments.5. Modern TrendsWhile Chinese food culture is steeped in tradition, it has also evolved and adapted to changing tastes and lifestyles. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in healthy eating and sustainable food practices in China, leading to the popularity of organic and locally sourced ingredients.The rise of food delivery services and online platforms has also transformed the way Chinese people eat, making it easier to access a wide range of cuisines from the comfort of their homes. Despite these changes, traditional Chinese food culture continues to thrive, with a renewed interest in preserving and promoting the country's culinary heritage.In conclusion, Chinese food culture is a reflection of the country's rich history, regional diversity, and social values. With its emphasis on balance, harmony, and tradition, Chinese cuisine remains one of the most vibrant and enduring culinary traditions in the world. By exploring the key elements of Chinese food culture, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the role that food plays in Chinese society and its significance in everyday life.。
中国饮食文化英语介绍
Over time, it has been influenced by different dynamics, foreign cultures, and geographic regions, leading to the formation of a diverse and rich food culture
In Chinese cultureespect to Elders by offering them the best food and seats at the table
Round tables
Chinese traditionally prefer to eat at round tables, symbolizing unity and equality
The presentation of Chinese food is also important, with an emphasis on color, aroma, and texture
Regional Differences in Chinese Food Culture
01
02
03
04
Braising
A method of cooking where food is first seen in a hot pan, then cooked slowly in a covered pot with liquid
Deep frying
A method of cooking where food is imported in hot oil until cooked through
3
No eating with your hands
中国饮食文化 英文 (2)
Chinese Food CultureIntroductionChinese food culture is one of the most diverse and influential cuisines in the world. With a history spanning over 5000 years, Chinese cuisine has evolved and developed into a rich tapestry of flavors, cooking techniques, and dietary practices. In this document, we will explore the key aspects of Chinese food culture, including its history, regional variations, traditional ingredients, dining etiquette, and impact on the global culinary scene.History and InfluencesChinese food culture can be traced back to ancient times, with evidence of early agricultural practices and cooking methods dating back to the Neolithic Age. The unique geographical landscape of China, with its vast plains, fertile river valleys, and abundant coastline, has provided a diverse range of ingredients and cooking traditions.Throughout its history, Chinese cuisine has been influenced by various factors, including regional customs, foreign invasions, and the philosophy of maintaining a balance between Yin and Yang in food. The Silk Road, for example, played a crucial role in introducing spices, herbs, and cooking techniques from Central Asia and the Middle East, enriching the culinary repertoire of China.Regional VariationsChina is a vast country with diverse regional cuisines, each with its own unique flavors and characteristics. The Eight Great Traditions of Chinese cuisine include Sichuan, Shandong, Cantonese, Jiangsu, Fujian, Hunan, Anhui, and Zhejiang cuisines. Each region’s cuisine is shaped by factors such as climate, geography, local produce, and cultural traditions.For instance, Sichuan cuisine is known for its bold and spicy flavors, often incorporating the use of Sichuan peppercorns and chili peppers, while Cantonese cuisine emphasizes freshness and subtle flavors, with a focus on seafood and stir-frying techniques. These regional variations showcase the immense diversity of Chinese food culture.Traditional Ingredients and TechniquesChinese cuisine is characterized by its use of fresh, seasonal ingredients and a wide array of cooking techniques. Traditional ingredients such as rice, wheat, soybeans, and tofu are staples in Chinese cooking. Herbs and spices, such as ginger, garlic, star anise, and five-spice powder, are used to enhance flavors and create balance in dishes.Cooking techniques in Chinese cuisine are diverse and varied, including stir-frying, steaming, braising, and deep-frying. These techniques aim to preserve the natural flavors and textures of the ingredients while ensuring optimal nutritional value.Dining EtiquetteDining etiquette is an integral part of Chinese food culture. Traditional Chinese meals are often shared among family members and enjoyed in a communal setting. Here are some key aspects of dining etiquette in Chinese culture:1.Chopstick Etiquette: Chopsticks are the primaryutensils used in Chinese dining. It is considered impolite to stab food with chopsticks or leave them standing vertically in a bowl, as these actions resemble funeral rituals.2.Order of Dishes: In a Chinese meal, dishes areserved in a specific order. Soups and cold dishes aretypically served first, followed by stir-fried and braiseddishes, and finally, rice or noodles.3.Bowl and Plate Etiquette: It is customary to holdthe rice bowl close to your mouth while eating from it, but never use your chopsticks to point at others or to spearfood from shared dishes. Instead, use serving spoonsprovided.4.Toast and Cheers: In Chinese culture, toasting is acommon way to show respect and build camaraderie. When toasting, it is customary to hold your glass lower than those of higher-ranking individuals and make eye contact during the toast.Chinese Cuisine’s Global ImpactChinese cuisine has had a significant impact on the global culinary scene. As Chinese immigrants settled in different partsof the world, they brought their culinary traditions and introduced them to new cultures. Today, Chinese restaurants can be found in nearly every major city worldwide, offering a taste of authentic Chinese flavors and dishes.Moreover, Chinese ingredients and cooking techniques have influenced other cuisines, leading to the creation of fusion and East-West culinary styles. Popular dishes such as sweet and sour pork, General Tso’s chicken, and dim sum have become international favorites, showcasing the global appeal of Chinese food culture.ConclusionChinese food culture is a testament to the rich culinary heritage and diversity of China. Its history, regional variations, traditional ingredients, dining etiquette, and global impact make it an integral part of not only Chinese society but also the world at large. By exploring and appreciating Chinese food culture, we can gain a deeper understanding of the traditions, flavors, and values that have shaped this ancient cuisine.。
中国饮食文化介绍英文版
中国饮食文化介绍英文版Chinese food culture has a long and rich history dating back thousands of years. It is an integral part of Chinese tradition and plays a significant role in the daily lives of the Chinese people. From the diverse range of ingredients and cooking techniques to the intricate presentation and social significance of meals, Chinese culinary traditions embody the country's vibrant cultural heritage.At the heart of Chinese food culture lies the belief in the harmony between humans and nature. This philosophy is reflected in the emphasis on using fresh, seasonal ingredients and the careful balance of flavors, colors, and textures in each dish. The Chinese culinary approach is often described as a "yin-yang" balance, where contrasting elements such as hot and cold, sweet and sour, or spicy and mild are seamlessly combined to create a dynamic and satisfying dining experience.One of the defining features of Chinese cuisine is its regional diversity. China is a vast and geographically diverse country, and each region has developed its own unique culinary traditionsinfluenced by local climate, geography, and cultural influences. For example, the Cantonese cuisine of the southern Guangdong province is known for its delicate, lightly cooked dishes that highlight the natural flavors of the ingredients. In contrast, the Sichuan cuisine of the southwestern Sichuan province is renowned for its bold, spicy flavors and the use of Sichuan peppercorns, which create a distinctive numbing sensation.Another key aspect of Chinese food culture is the social significance of meals. Sharing food is an integral part of Chinese social rituals and family gatherings. Meals are often served family-style, with multiple dishes placed on the table for everyone to share. This encourages conversation, social interaction, and the appreciation of the diverse flavors and textures of the meal. The act of sharing food is seen as a way to foster relationships, express affection, and create a sense of community.In addition to the social aspect, Chinese cuisine also places great importance on the presentation and aesthetics of the food. The careful arrangement of dishes, the use of colorful garnishes, and the incorporation of symbolic elements, such as the use of auspicious ingredients or the arrangement of dishes to resemble lucky numbers, all contribute to the overall dining experience. The Chinese believe that the appearance of the food should be as pleasing to the eye as the flavors are to the palate.One of the most iconic and well-known aspects of Chinese food culture is the use of chopsticks. Chopsticks have been used in China for thousands of years and are an integral part of the dining experience. They are not only a practical tool for eating but also a symbol of Chinese cultural identity. The art of using chopsticks is deeply ingrained in Chinese culture, and mastering the skill is seen as a sign of cultural refinement and social etiquette.The diversity of Chinese cuisine is also reflected in the wide range of cooking techniques and methods. From the delicate steaming of dim sum to the high-heat wok-frying of stir-fries, Chinese chefs have developed a vast repertoire of cooking techniques that showcase the versatility of their ingredients and the creativity of their culinary traditions. These techniques are often passed down from generation to generation, with each chef putting their own unique spin on traditional recipes.Furthermore, the role of tea in Chinese food culture cannot be overstated. Tea has been an integral part of Chinese society for centuries and is often served alongside meals as a palate cleanser and digestive aid. The ritual of preparing and serving tea is deeply rooted in Chinese cultural practices, with different types of tea being paired with specific dishes to enhance the dining experience.In recent years, Chinese cuisine has gained global recognition and popularity, with Chinese restaurants and dishes becoming increasingly prevalent around the world. However, the essence of Chinese food culture goes beyond just the food itself. It is a rich tapestry of traditions, beliefs, and social customs that are deeply ingrained in the Chinese way of life. As more people discover the wonders of Chinese cuisine, it is essential to appreciate and understand the cultural context and significance that underlie these culinary traditions.In conclusion, the Chinese food culture is a testament to the country's rich history, diverse regional influences, and profound respect for the natural world. From the intricate balance of flavors to the social significance of meals, Chinese cuisine is a celebration of the country's cultural heritage and a window into the heart and soul of the Chinese people. As the world continues to embrace the wonders of Chinese food, it is crucial to recognize and preserve the unique cultural traditions that make it such a beloved and enduring part of the global culinary landscape.。
ChineseFood中国饮食文化英文版
Chinese Food: The Enchanting Cultureof Chinese CuisineThe Regional Diversity of Chinese CuisineChina's vast territory and diverse ethnic groups have given rise to a multitude of regional cuisines, each with its unique characteristics. From the spicy and bold flavors of Sichuan cuisine to the delicate and subtle tastes of Cantonese cuisine, Chinese food offers a gastronomic journey that is both exciting and enlightening.Sichuan Cuisine: A Spicy DelightCantonese Cuisine: A Symphony of FlavorsCantonese cuisine, also known as Guangdong cuisine, is known for its light and fresh flavors. Dim sum, a Cantonese specialty, is a delightful array of small dishes, including steamed dumplings, savory buns, and delicate pastries. The emphasis on fresh ingredients and precise cooking techniques makes Cantonese cuisine a favorite among food connoisseurs.The Cultural Significance of Chinese CuisineThe Art of Chinese CookingChinese cooking is a blend of art and science, with techniques passed down through generations. The wok, a versatile cooking utensil, is central to Chinese cuisine.Stirfrying, a quick and highheat cooking method, is used to create dishes like Beef and Broccoli and Kung Pao Chicken, ensuring that ingredients remain fresh and vibrant.In conclusion, Chinese cuisine is a treasure trove of flavors, traditions, and stories. By exploring the diverse regional cuisines and understanding the cultural significance behind each dish, one can gain a deeper appreciation for the enchanting culture of Chinese food.The Philosophy Behind Chinese Culinary ArtsThe Importance of Seasonality and FreshnessChinese culinary traditions place a strong emphasis on the use of seasonal ingredients. The belief is that food should be consumed when it is at its peak of freshness and flavor. This respect for nature's rhythm ensures that diners enjoy the best that each season has to offer. From spring's tender bamboo shoots to winter's hearty root vegetables, the changing of the seasons is celebrated on the Chinese dining table.The Role of Tea in Chinese CultureThe Art of Table Manners and EtiquetteThe Future of Chinese CuisineAs Chinese cuisine continues to captivate the world, it is evolving while maintaining its traditional roots. Young chefs are experimenting with fusion styles, blendingtraditional Chinese flavors with international influences.This innovation is breathing new life into classic dishes, making Chinese cuisine more accessible and appealing to a global audience.The Spiritual Connection of Food and FestivalsIn the tapestry of Chinese culture, food plays a pivotal role during festivals and holidays, symbolizing wishes, traditions, and spiritual beliefs. Each festival brings withit a array of special dishes, each carrying its own meaning and significance.The Lunar New Year, or Spring Festival, is perhaps the most celebrated of all. Families gather for a grand feast known as the "Reunion Dinner," where dishes like fish (symbolizing surplus and prosperity), dumplings (shaped like ancient Chinese money and representing wealth), and nian gao (a sweet sticky rice cake signifying growth and progress) are served. These foods are not only delicious but are also eaten with the hope of bringing good fortune for the year ahead.The Art of Presentation and AestheticsChinese cuisine is not only about taste but also about presentation. The arrangement of dishes on a table is an art form in itself, with an emphasis on color, shape, and balance. The goal is to create a visual feast that excites the eyes before the food even touches the lips. This aestheticapproach is evident in the intricate carvings of vegetables and fruits used as garnishes, and in the careful placement of ingredients to form patterns and pictures on the plate.The Legacy of Chinese Culinary TechniquesThe legacy of Chinese cooking techniques is a testament to the ingenuity and resourcefulness of its people. Methods such as red cooking (braising in soy sauce), white cooking (simmering in water or stock), and the delicate art of dim sum making are passed down through generations. These techniques not only enhance the flavors and textures of the ingredients but also preserve the nutritional value of the food, reflecting the Chinese philosophy of health and wellness through diet.The Global Reach of Chinese CuisineIn essence, Chinese cuisine is a living history book, each page filled with stories of tradition, innovation, and the joy of sharing. It is a journey that invites all to partake, a celebration of flavors and cultures that continues to inspire and delight palates worldwide.。
中国饮食文化内涵英语介绍
From the spice food of Sichuan to the seafood dishes of Guangdong, the diverse culinary styles reflect the regional characteristics and cultural heritage Understanding these regional differences is essential for a deeper application of Chinese food culture
Chinese food culture also includes the use of medical foods to maintain or restore health Herbs and other eligible individuals used in traditional dishes have thermal properties that are believed to help prevent or treat variant illnesses
02
The Characteristics of Chinese Food Culture
Diversity of talents
Chinese food culture is rich in diversity, utilizing a wide range of talents from both land and sea Traditional Chinese cuisine often involves corporate meals, seafood, vegetables, fruits, and grains, creating complex flavors and textures
中国饮食文化英文介绍
Chinese Food Culture1.Characteristics of cuisines in southern part of ChinaChinese cuisine has a number of different genres, but the most influential and typical known by the public are the 'Eight Cuisines'. These are as follows: Shandong Cuisine, Guangdong Cuisine, Sichuan Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine, Jiangsu Cuisine, Zhejiang Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine and Anhui Cuisine.We have roughly separated Chinese cuisine into two genres. They are Cuisines of the north part and the southern part. Cuisines of the southern part of China are really featured. They have various differences with northern cuisine.Firstly, abundant rain drops and sunlight in South China provide favorable conditions for the growth of millet and rice. Compared with people in North China who have to spend much time in cold weather, people in South China are less preferable to meat diet, which contains lots of fat and protein. Southern Chinese prefer plant diet quite a lot. Many people are accustomed to drink soup both before and after the meal. Guangdong Soup(老火靓汤)Secondly, South China is one of the most developed areas in China. It welcomes people from the entire world. As a result, Southern Cuisine, especially Guangdong Cuisine, emphasizes a flavor which is clear but not light, refreshing but not common, tender but not crude.Thirdly,People in South China tend to be more careful and sensitive than northern people. As a result, their dishes as well as appearance are really cute and attractive. Just like dim sum(点心), which means “touch the heart”, is one of the most famous Cantonese meal. It consists of a variety of delicacies and is usually served for breakfast or dinner.Spicy-hot Fish麻辣鱼Mapo Tofu (Stir-Fried Tofu in Hot Sauce)麻婆豆腐Pork Rips排骨)Penaeus orientalis对虾2.Characteristics of cuisines in northern part of ChinaCuisines of the north part of China have several characteristics.people in the north tend to eat cooked wheaten food. Or in other words, people eat more food made of flour. This is because the climate here is temperate continental climate, which means there are less rain drops and sunlight. And this climate provides favorable conditions for the growth of wheat.First,When it comes to cooked wheaten food, there is a place many people are familiar with. That is Shanxi(山西). As the saying goes, “east or west, Shanxi cooked wheaten food is best”. Shanxi is famous for its diverse and delicious cooked wheaten food. With a history of 2000years, Shanxi cooked wheaten food is gaining more and more popularity at home and even abroad.Cooked wheaten food in Shanxi,there are round 280 kinds of cooked wheaten food, among which the sliced noodles is the most renowned one.Apart from the sliced noodles刀削面, boiled food also includes hand-pulled noodles拉面, He lao饸饹）Tijian,剔尖Maoerduo猫耳朵, Jiupian(揪片) ，which are all delicious and tasty.As for the cooked food, it includes fried cake(炸糕)、Yi wo su(一窝酥)、fried dough twist （麻花）,Shuai bing(甩饼) and so on.Other steamed wheaten food includes steamed bun、You mian kao lao（莜面栲栳）、Gao liang mian yu（高粱面鱼）.Second, food in the north is often more salty and greasy than that in the south.Because people like to add more ingredient to dishes even the soup.Shandong cuisine and Beijing cuisines are two famous cuisines of the eight cuisines in china. And they are also representatives of the northern cuisines. Beijing cuisine is famous for its Beijing roast duck and instant-boiled mutton. Shandong food is always pure, fresh, tender, salty and crisp.Chinese people pay much attention to eating, not just to fulfill our basic needs, but deep within, it contains the measures Chinese people take to understand things. For example, when a child was born, relatives and friends would eat eggs painted in red color to celebrate. Eggs symbolize new lives, eating red eggs embodies the high expectations of the Chinese to carry on the family line. We have feasts in the weddings; we celebrate our birthdays with gatherings and delicious food; we gather with our friends or families to eat, which is a good way to enhance our intimacy.People gathering to celebrate with big feastsIn sum, Chinese food culture has gained much popularity throughout the world, and in the modern era, the popularity still thrives. Food culture, which has great influence to Chinese people’s personalities, has already become one of the fine traditional cultures in China. With the enhancement of the globalization, Chinese food culture would become better known across the world.。
中国饮食文化——英文版
China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine.中国地域辽阔，民族众多，因此各种中国饮食口味不同，却都味美，令人垂涎。
因为中国地方菜肴各具特色，总体来讲，中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系，这种分类已被广为接受。
当然，还有其他很多着名的地方菜系，例如北京菜和上海菜。
Shandong Cuisine山东菜系Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong. Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste.山东菜系，由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，清淡，不油腻，以其香，鲜，酥，软而闻名。
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9、 The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Diet cultural circle
A time-honored history of diet culture Pay great attention for dish’s appearance and cooking skills
bold，milktea Food ingredients focus on animal products
4、 Northwestern Diet cultural circle
Unique ethnic flavor
Wide variety of food
5、The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Diet cultural circle
“A Bite of China” gives a 360-degree introduction to traditional Chinese cuisine. By introducing more cultural elements related to Chinese delicacies, it presents the unique etiquette and ethics culture that lie behind those marvelous Chinese food.
青稞酒
7、 Southeastern cultural circle
Abundant food ingredients
Be crazy about innovation
8、 Southwestern Diet cultural circle
Heavy taste
Especially famous for
Enormous cultures lead to multitudinous eating habit And all of this build up the time-honored history of Chinese cuisine We are lucky to own these precious culture So, why not Enjoy eating, taste their culture and love our life
红烧狮子头
武昌鱼
左宗堂鸡
Hunan Cuisine (湘菜)
•The land of fish and rice •Famous for its crazy spicy food
Humid climate
People lived in Hunan form their own personalities because of their eating habit Pushing themselves to try enormous Difficult challenges
1、Northeastern Diet cultural circle
• • • • Favorable natural conditions, abundant food ingredients Changbai Mountain， Greater Higgnan Mountains Diverse Diet Cultural characteristics North Korea，Russia
一、 Conception of “Diet cultural circle”
Because of the regions, nations, customs, beliefs and other reasons, historically formed a unique diet cultural area Each diet cultural district can be understood as the occupied area with the same diet and cultural attributes
二、Influencing Factors
Natural Factors
Geography, Climate, Property
Social Factors
Politics, Economy, Dietary Technology
Nationalities, beliefs, eating customs
Eight Cuisine
•Shandong Cuisine (鲁菜)
•Huaiyang Cuisine (淮扬菜) •Sichuan Cuisine (川菜) •Guangdong Cuisine（粤菜）
Four Basic Cuisine
•Zhejiang Cuisine (浙菜) •Anhui Cuisine (徽菜)
2、Beijing and Tianjin Diet cultural circle
•Abundant food ingredients •Various cooking techniques •Prosperous markets and restaurants
3、North Diet cultural circle
• Special preference for pasta
6、 Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Diet cultural circle
•Use beef ，mutton and diary products for main food ingredients •Lack of fruits and vegetables
•Hunan Cuisine (湘菜) •Fujian Cuisine (闽菜)
Types
一、 Northeastern Diet cultural circle (东北饮食文化圈) 二、Beijing and Tianjin（京津） 三、North（中北） 四、Northwestern（西北） ① ③ 五、The middle reaches of ④ the Yellow River（黄河中游） ② 六、The lower reaches of ⑤ ⑥ the Yellow River（黄河下游） ⑾ ⑦ 七、The middle reaches of ⑧ the Yangtze River（长江中游） 八、The lower reaches of ⑩ ⑨ the Yangtze River（长江下游） 九、Southeastern（东南） 十、Southwestern (西南) 十一、 Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（青藏高原）
Cultural elements related to Chinese delicacies
淮扬菜 江 苏 菜
粤菜 湘菜
福 建 菜
Three sides
Introduction of Diet cultural circle
1 2
Explanation of its formation
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Chinese regional food culture