2018新人教版八年级上册英语单元语法及知识点归纳.docx

2018新人教版八年上册英元法及知点
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
【重点法】
不定代：不指名代替任何特定名或形容的代叫做不
定代。

用法注意：
1. some和any +可数名/不可数名。

some 多用于肯定句，any 多用于否定句、疑句和条件从句。

有些句中用 some, 不用 any, 者希望得到方肯定回答。

2.由some, any, no, every与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代作主，其用三。

3.不定代若有定修，定要置于其后：如：
something interesting
【重点短】
1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth某人某物
2.taste + adj.起来⋯⋯
3.nothing...but + V.(原形)除了⋯⋯之外什么都没有
4. seem + (to be) + adj看起来
5. arrive in +大地方/ arrive at +小地方到达某地
6. decide to do sth.决定做某事
7. try doing sth.做某事/ try to do sth.尽力做某事
8. enjoy doing sth.喜做某事
9. want to do sth.想去做某事
10. start doing sth.开始做某事=begin doing sth.
11. stop doing sth.停止做某事区分：stop to do sth.
停下来去做某事
12. dislike doing sth.不喜做某事
14. so + adj + that +从句如此⋯⋯以至于⋯⋯
16. tell sb. (not) to do sth.告某人（不要）做某事
17. keep doing sth.做某事
18. forget to do sth.忘去做某事 / forget doing sth
忘做某事
【辨析】
1. take a photo/ take photos拍照
quite a few+名复数“ 多⋯”
2. seem +形容看起来⋯...You seem happy today. seem + to do sth.似乎 / 好像做某事 I seem to have a cold
It seems +从句似乎 .. ⋯It.seems that no one believe you.
seem like ...好像，似乎⋯ It.. seems like a good idea.
3. arrive in +大地点 = get to= reach+地点名“到
达 ......”
arrive at +小地点
（注：若后跟地点副 here/there/home,介需省略，如： arrive here; get home）
4. feel like sth感像⋯
feel doing sth.想要做某事
5. wonder（想知道） + 疑（ who, what, why)引的从句。

6. because of +名 / 代 /V-ing
because+ 从句
He can ’t take a walk because of the rain.
I don ’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive. 7.
enough + 名足的⋯ ...
形容词 / 副词 +enough
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
【重点语法】
1.频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be 动词或助动词之后。

常用于一般现在时态中。

2.“次数”的表达方法
一次once ，两次 twice ，三次或三次以上：基数词 + times,如： three times, five times,
3.how often “多久一次”问频率，回答常含有频率词组或短
语。

常见的 how 疑问词：
1） How soon多久（以后）
—How soon will he be back?他多久能回来？
—He will be back in a month.他一个月后能回来。

2） how long“多久”
—How long did it take you to clean the house?你打扫房子用了多久？
—It took me half an hour to clean the house.我打扫这房子用了半小时。

3） How many+名复
How much+不可名
“多少”问数量（how much还可问价格）
【重点短语】
1. go to the movies去看电影
2. look after = take care of照顾
3. surf the internet上网
4. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding去划板
·
6. keep healthy=stay healthy保持健康
7. eating habits饮食习惯
8. take more exercise做更多的运动
9. the same as与什么相同
10. be different from不同
11. once a month一月一次
12. twice a week一周两次
13.make a difference to对 ...... 有影响 /作用
14. most of the students=most students
15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping购物
16. be good for对 ...... 有益
17. be bad for对 ...... 有害
18. come home from school放学回家
19. of course = certainly = sure当然
20. get good grades取得好成绩
21. keep/be in good health保持健康
22. take a vacation去度假
【词语辨析】
1. maybe / may be
maybe 是副词，意为“大概，可能，或许”，一般用于句首。

May be 是情态动词，意为“可能是... ，也许是 ... ，大概是 ... ”.
The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.
The woman may be a teacher.
2. a few / few / a little / little
a few ( 少数的，几个，
a little ( 一点儿，少量 )表示肯
一些 )定
few ( 很少的，几乎没有little ( 很少的，几乎没表示否
·
的)有的)定
修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词
People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.
There is little time left. I won ’t catch the first bus.
Could you give me a little milk?
3. hard / hardly
hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；作副词，
意为“努力地，猛烈地”。

hardly为副词，意为“几乎不”。

The ground is too hard to dig.
I can hardly understand them.
It ’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.
4.As for homework , most students do homework
every day .
as for... 意思是“至于；关于”， +名词、代词或动词的 -ing
形式（即动名词）。

如：As for him，I never want to see him here.
至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。

As for the story，you'd better not believe it.
关于那故事，你最好不要相信。

5. That sounds interesting.
这是“主语 + 系动词 +表语”结构的简单句。

sound （听起来），look （看起来），smell （闻起来），taste （尝起来），feel （觉得）， seem （好象）， grow （变得） ,get （变得）
等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。

如：
It tastes good.这味道好。

The music sounds very sweet.这音乐听起来很入耳。

The smoke grew heavier and heavier.烟雾变得越来越
浓了。

6. percent名，意“百分之⋯⋯”
百分数的表示方法：基数+ percent ( 不用复数形式)，percent 做主，的数要根据其后面的名来确定。

50 ％： fifty percent百分之五十
Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的苹果都坏了。

Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge. 20%的肉都在冰箱
7. not ⋯ at all意“一点也不”，not 放在 be 、
情或助之后。

The story isn ’t interesting at all.那个故事一点也没有趣。

8. It is + adj. to do sth.做某事是⋯⋯的。

It is interesting to play computer games.玩很有
趣。

9. take, spend, pay
It takes sb. some time to do sth.意“花某人⋯⋯
来做某事”。

人(sb.) spend / on sth. “ 某物花了⋯⋯”。

人(sb.) spend / (in) doing “花多少来做某事”。

pay的主必是人，而“花某物” pay...for... 10. however 副，意“然而，可是”，表示折关系，可放在句首、
句中、句末。

Unit3 I’ m more outgoing than my sister.
【重点法】
1.形容和副的比等
（ 1 ）形容和副的原形就是原
（ 2 ）比，表示⋯⋯或更⋯⋯
（3 ）最高，表示最...。

2.比句型 :
（1） A + be+形容的比 +than +B “A比 B
更⋯⋯”（注意： A 与 B 必是同的，即必是人与人，
物与物行比）
（2）“ A+意 +副比 + than + B”表示“A比
B⋯”
（3）比 A， B 两人 / 两事物其中哪一个⋯...用句型：
“ Who/which++ adj./adv. 比， A or B?”Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?
3.比的特殊用法
（1 ）“比 +and+ 比”，意“越来越”。

多音比用“ moreand
more+ 原”
（ 2 ）“ the+ 比 ( ⋯the+), 比 ( ⋯ ) ”意思是：”越⋯越⋯” The more,
the better.
（3 ）主 + is + the形容比+of the two+名复“主
是两者中 ...... 的”
4.两者在某一方面相同： A+/be+as+
adj./adv. 原 + as+ B.
Helen is as tall as Amy.
Peter studies as hard as Tom.
表示两者在某一方面不及另一方，用“ not as/so+形容
或副原+as ”
I am not as tall as my sister.
5.形容，副比前的修。

当需要表示一方超另一方的程度，可以用much, a lot,
a little, a bit,等来修形容比。

注意: 比不能
用 very, so, too, quite等修。

【重点短】
1. more outgoing更外向 / 更开朗
2. as...as... 与⋯⋯一
3. the singing competition歌咏比
4. the most important最重要的
5. be talented in music在音方面有天
6. the same as与⋯⋯相同
7. care about关心/ 留意/ 关注
8. be different from与⋯ ...不同
9. be like a mirror像一面子
10. as long as只要；与⋯... 一
11. bring out示/ 出
12. get better grades取得更好的成
13.reach for伸手达到/达到
14.touch one ’s heart 感
15. in fact事上
16. make friends交朋友
17. be good at在某方面成好
18. the other另一个
19. be similar to与⋯相似
20. be good with与⋯和睦相
21. have fun=Have a good time玩得开心
have fun doing sth做某事很开心
22. do the same things as me.做和我一的事情
23.It ’ s+adj+ （for sb. ） to do sth. “做某事（某人来）是 ... 的”
24 make friends with sb.与某人交朋友
25.as long as 只要；既然，引条件状从句【辨析】
1.be good at=do well in ，其后可接名、代或名，表示擅 ......
2. care about关心
care for关
take care (当/小心)
take care of (照)=look after
3. make sb. do sth.：(使)某人做某事（make后跟不to 的不定式）
His father always make me get up before five o'clock.
make sb. + 形容：使某人保持某种状 My
friends always make me happy.
4. be like“就像⋯”I am like your sister.
look like“外貌上的像” I look like my sister.
5.That ’s why+ 句子：那就是⋯的原因 / 那就是什么⋯
That's why I study English hard.那就是我努力学英
的原因。

6. be different from与⋯⋯不同
反： be the same as与⋯⋯相同
7. though
① adv.不；可是；然而（句末充明使气减弱）
②conj. 然；尽管 =although ，与 but 不能同用在一个句子中
He said he would come. He didn ’ t, though.他他要来，可是并没有来。

Though/Although he has been dead for many years,
many people still remember him.
尽管他已去世很多年了，但很多人仍然得他。

8. get better grades取得更好的成
9.does( 助 do/did) ，了避免重复，可代替上文出的意。

10. be good with sb.与某人相得好
Unit4 What’ s the best movie theater?
【重点法】
1.形容最高：用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比。

志：表
比范用 in/of
形容最高前加定冠the ，副最高前可省略the 。

2.表示“三者（或以上）中最⋯⋯的”的句型
1） A + be + the 形容最高 + 表示范（ in/of 介短）
2） A + 意 + (the) 副最高 + 表示范的 of/in 介短
3.常用句式
1) Who/ Which ⋯+最高⋯, A, B or C ?
2) one of +the +形容最高+ 名复数形式 , 意
“最⋯之一”。

3）序数后跟形容最高
【重点短】
1.so far 到目前止，迄今止
2. no problem没什么，客气
3.have ⋯ .in common 有相同特征（想法、趣等方面）相同
4.be up to 由⋯ ... 决定/是⋯ ... 的
5.all kinds of⋯各种各的⋯⋯
6. play a role in doing sth./ sth.作用，有影响
7.make up造（故事、言等）
8.for example=e.g.例如
9.take ⋯ ..seriously 真待
10. not everybody并不是每个人
11. close to离..⋯ .近
12. more and more越来越⋯⋯
【辨析】
1.How do you like + 名/ 代 /V-ing=What do you think of ：
“ 你⋯怎么？”
2. Thanks for=Thank you for +名 / 代 /V- ing: “感⋯”
3. You ’ re welcome. =Not at all.不客气
4. talent名（可）天
talent show才表演
talented adj.有天的
be talented in在......方面有天
5. be good at擅⋯ (＝ do well in)
反短： be poor / weak in在 ... 方面薄弱
be good for⋯⋯有益，后跟人或事物；其反短是be bad for
be good to⋯⋯好 (和善；慈 )，相当于 be friendly to，后面通常接人
6. all kinds of各种各的
different kinds of不同种的
a kind of一种⋯ ...
*kind of 有点 + adj. ： kind of boring / fat /thin 7.
win vt. 得 +品 winner n. 者
8. watch sb. do sth.看某人做了某事
watch doing sth.看某人正在做某事
9.例：such as 常列几个例子，不能尽，可和 and so
on( 等等 )用； like可和such as互；for example一般只列一个，作插入用逗号隔开，可置于句首/句中/句末。

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?
【重点法】
1. 某人某物的点及看法：What do you think
of ⋯ ?=How do you like⋯?
2. 描述喜好 I love/ like/don ’t mind/dislike/can’t stand ⋯
3. 复巩固一般在：主+V+ 其他；主（三）
+V( 三 )+其他 )
【重点短】
1. find out出 /
2. be ready to do准做⋯
3. dress up打扮 /化成
4. take one's place代替某人
5. do a good job干的好 / 表演的出色
6. think of想到/思考
7. game show游目
8. learn from向⋯ ... 学
9. talk show目
10. soap opera肥皂
11. go on
12. watch a movie看影
13. one of ⋯其中之一
14. try one ’s best to =do one ’s best to 竭尽全力
15. a pair of一双
16. as famous as一名 / 出名
17. look like看起来像
18. around the world世界各地
19. have a discussion about⋯ ...
20. one day有一天 / 某一天
21. such as例如
22. a symbol of一个象征/志
23. something enjoyable快的事情
24. interesting information有趣的信息
【辨析】
1. want + n想要⋯⋯
want to do sth想要做某事
want sb to do sth想某人做某事⋯⋯
2.mind 介意，其后 + 名 / 代 /V-ing
3.stand
1)“站, 站立” e.g. Stand up!起立
2)“忍受” ( 多用于否定句、疑句 ) ,后可 +名 / 代 /V-ing 4. plan vt. & vi.划 , 打算， plan to do sth.
plan 可作名，如： make plans制定划
5. v. discuss () + ion → n. discussion
had a discussion about sth.某事行
6. happen v.生; 出
sth+ happens to sb. ”或“ sthhappened +/ 地点”句式
7.情
may 气弱于 can ，意“可能” might 表推，
气最弱，意“可能”
may/might not表示否定推气最弱，意“可能
不”
They may not be very exciting.它可能不是那么令人。

8. expect to do sth.期盼做某事
hope to do sth:希望干某事
很多后面都可以跟不定式作，如：
want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try,
ask
9. be famous as作⋯⋯而出名
be famous for sth.因......而出名
10. one of ⋯后跟可数名复数，表示⋯之一。

其后的用数。

One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean.我最喜的影
之一是憨豆先生。

11. show n.目TV shows/ talent shows；v.展示show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.
Unit6 I’ m going to study computer science.
【重点 / 短用法解析】
1. want to be/become + ( )名 : “想要成⋯ .. ” I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.
2. write stories写故事
tell stories故事
3. keep on doing sth.做某事（表作的反复）
keeping doing sth.保持做某事（表作或状的持）
4. be sure about +名/代/V- ing“肯定”
Are you sure about that?
make sure (that)+从句“⋯...确保...⋯”
Make sure that both doors are closed when you
go out.
5. learn sth. We must learn English every day. learn
to do sth. I am going to learn to play ( play) the
piano.
6.discuss v.；商量名是discussion
discuss with sb. 与某人 : Discuss this
question with your partner.
Let ’s discuss this problem.我一下个。

All we need now is action, not discussion.我在需
要的是行，不是。

7. be able to do sth.能做某事
（ 1 ） can : can+ 原形，无人称和数的化。

只能用于一般在
和一般去，不能用于将来。

be able to +原形，有人称和数的化，可用于多种。

（2 ）can 常指客上能； be able to 更重于努力、克服一定困有能力做成某事。

He will be able to( 能 ) speak English next year. （在此不能填can ）
8.promise n.承；言v.；承；答
make a promise(to sb)（某人）下言
keep a promise遵守言
break a promise背言
promise (sb) to do sth.某人干某事
promise (sb) +that从句
He promised to help me.他要帮助我。

I promised that I study hard from now on.我承从
在起努力学。

9. have to do with关于；与⋯⋯有关系
The book has to do with computers.那本与算机有关。

10.take up sth./doing sth.（尤指消遣）学着做；开始
做
I am going to take up cooking next year.明年我将要学煮。

11. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to
keep.
too+ 形容 / 副 to+ 原形，表示“太⋯... 而不能 ... ⋯”如：
The kid is too young to play this game.个小孩太小，不能玩个游。

12. one ’s own + 名“某人自己的西”，某物个人所有
my own book我自己的本
【重点法】
一般将来“am/is/are going to +原形” 构1. 基本形式
否定式： am/is/are not going to +原形
一般疑式： am/is/are +主 + going to +原形 +其他？
特殊疑式：特殊疑+ 一般疑式？
He is going to spend his holidays in London.他打算在敦度假。

Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a
storm. 看那云，快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data for us?他会帮我收集数据？
What are you going to do tomorrow?明天你打算作什么？
2. 基本用法
（1 ）表示事先考、安排好打算、划要做某事。

Dad and I
are going to watch an opera this afternoon. 今天下午我
和爸爸打算去看歌。

（ 2 ）表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能生，表
示推。

Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.
瞧！云密集。

天要下雨了。

Unit7 Will people have robots?
【重点 /短用法解析】
1. many+可数名多 ......
much +不可数名多 ......
2. live to be+基数 + years old“活到 ...⋯”
3. be in great danger在极大的危中
4. play a part in +名/ 代 /V-ing.参与某事 / 做某事Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.
5. help (sb.) with sth.帮助（某人）做某事
He often helps me with my English.
help sb. (to) do sth.帮助（某人）做⋯⋯
He often helps me study English.
help oneself ( to )自用 (食物等 )
Help yourself to the fish.随便吃
6. the same as ⋯和⋯⋯一 ......反短：be different from
7. It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth.某人花了⋯⋯做某事(根据具体情况决定）
It takes me an hour to get to my office.
spend time ／money on sth.在⋯⋯上花（金）
sb. spend time ／money (in) doing sth.花（金）
做某事。

I spent two hours on this math problem.道数学花
了我个小。

They spent two years building this bridge.造座花了他两年。

8. hundreds of +名复数多/大量......
数 +hundred +名复数几百......
似的数有thousand（千）, million（万）
There are four hundred students in our grade.
There are hundreds of tourists in Beijing every year.
9. during在⋯期
during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend
10. the meaning of⋯...的意思
Can you tell me the meaning of the words?
【重点法】
一般将来
Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
【重点 / 短用法解析】
1.cut 是“切 , 割”的意思，去式 cut 。

cut up意“切碎”
Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up.
Cut it /them up.
2.turn on 打开 , 接通 (流、煤气、水等 ) turn off
关掉 , 截断 (流、煤气、水等 )
turn up开大,高(音量、量等)
turn down低,关小(音量、量等)
3. one more thing另外一件事情
another ten minutes再多十分
数字 + more +物品指“另外的⋯⋯
another +数字+ 物品指“另外的⋯⋯
当数字 one ，常与more 用或只用another。

Give me two more hamburgers？
another two hamburgers
4. forget to do sth.忘（去）做某事
forget doing sth.忘已做某事。

5.It ’s a time （ for sb ） . to do sth. 是（某人）做某事的期了
It ’s time（for sb.）to do sth.=It’s time for sth.
是（某人）做某事的了。

It ’s a time for you to study English.
It ’s time for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.) 6. give thanks for +名/代V-ing“感恩...⋯”
We should give thanks for our parents.
He gave thanks for life and food.
7.Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving
thanks by having a big meal.
by +sth./doing :
1）以⋯ ... 方式Istudy English by listening to English
songs.
2）在 ... ⋯的旁I am sitting by the pool.
3）在 ...⋯之前I have to go to school by 8:00.
4）搭乘I go to school by bus.
8.Here is + 名 () “ 是⋯”是倒装句
Here is a photo of my family.
Here are+名复
Here are some English books.
当是代，要用装。

如：Here you are.() Here are you.()
9. fill sth. with sth.用...⋯把⋯...装(作)
be full of “装⋯”( 状)
I filled the cup with the milk.
The cup is full of the milk.
10.put ⋯ in(into)⋯把⋯...放到...里⋯
11.cover ⋯ with ⋯用⋯ ... 覆盖
12. cut⋯into把⋯...切成... Cut⋯the apple into four pieces.
cut up ⋯切碎
13. serve v.服n. service
serve + 名 / 代“提供⋯” The shop serves nice food.
serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. Serve it to your friends
with some vegetables.
serve sb. with sth. “用某物招待某人” Serve the guests
with some tea.
【重点法】
名的复数
Unit9 Can you come to my party?
【重点 / 短用法解析】
1. one ⋯ another⋯表示不确定数目中的另一个
one ⋯ the other⋯表示两者中的另一个
I don't like this one, can you show me another?
I have two brothers. One is a lawyer and the other is
a manager.
some ⋯ others⋯表示没有范限定的“一些⋯...另一些 ...⋯”
some ⋯ the others⋯表示某一范的“一些...⋯其余
的⋯ ...”
Some go to school by bike and others go to school by
bus.
Some go to school by bike and the others go to school
by bus.
2. invite v.邀n. invitation
invite sb. to do sth.“邀某人干某事”
invite sb. to+地点名
1)Mr. Green invited me to visit his factory last week.
2)Thanks a lot for your invitation
3)Thanks for inviting me to your party.
3. （ 1 ） What ’s the date today?意“今天是几月几
号？” It ’s+ 月+日。

（2 ）What day is it today?意“今天是星期几？”It ’s + 星期几。

— What ’s the date? — It ’s September 10th.
—What day is it today?—It’s Wednesday.
4. have a lesson(class)上
have an English lesson
5. prepare v.准n. preparation
prepare sth.“准某物”，所准的西就是后面的。

prepare for sth.“ ⋯⋯做准”，指后面的做准
prepare to do sth.“准做某事”
6. bring...to⋯“来”把某物从的地方到人的地
方
take ⋯ to ⋯“去”把某物从的地方到去。

（两者方向相反）
Bring your homework here, and take the book away.
把你的作拿来，把本走。

7. without（介）没有反：with“具有”
We can ’t live without water.
Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.
8. so that + 从句：以便于；目的是
I study hard so that I can get good grades.
9. surprise n.惊奇
surprised adj.感到惊奇的（指人）
surprising adj.令人惊奇的（指物）
be surprised at st h. “惊奇于某事”
to one ’s surprise“令某人惊奇的是”
① I ’m surprised at the surprising news.我个令
人惊的消息感到很吃惊。

② To my surprise, he left without leaving a word.令我惊奇的是，他一声不响地离开了。

10. look forward to (介 )+ 名/ 代 /V-ing
I look forward to your reply.我期待你的答复。

I look forward to seeing you again.
11. hear from sb. = get a letter from sb.收到某人的来信。

I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got a letter
from my friend yesterday.
12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式
Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.
13. how to do that.“ 怎么做”，疑+to do sth常用来做
I don ’t know how to make a banana milk shake.
I don ’t know what to do.
14. at the end of“在⋯末尾”
Now, it is at the end of 2014.
反短： at the beginning of“ 在⋯开始”
15. be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很高/做某事
I am glad to see you.
16. reply to sb./sth.“回复⋯”
Reply in writing to the invitation“以写信形式回复份
邀函”
【重点法】
一. 表示邀的句型
1. Can/Could you ⋯ (come to my party)?
2. Would you like to..( Would you like to my party)?
接受： Sure/Yes/Of course,I ’d love/like to.
拒 :：① I ’m sorry, I can ’ t. I have to/must+V原(述理由)
② I ’d love/like to, but I⋯(理由)
3.I’m afraid not.I ⋯ ( 理由)
二. must 与 have to
1.must 表示主“必”； must 表示“主上的要
求”，无人称和的化，否定回答 : needn ’t或 don't have to ( 不必 )。

mustn ’t表示“禁止”.
2. have to 表客需要，有人称和化，否 : don ’t/ doesn ’t/ didn ’t have to ( 没必要 )
—Must I be home before eight o’ clock? 8 点之前我必回家？
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No, you don't
have to.
Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ ll have a great time!
【重点 / 短用法解析】
1. have a great time 意“玩得愉快”， =enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good / wonderful / nice time
have a great / good time in (doing) sth.做某事很开心
2. ask sb. （not ） to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事 The teachers ask us to do (do) lots of homework.
3. order sth. from + 地点“从某地食物” I want to
order some books from the book store.
4. keep ⋯ to oneself保守秘密
5. unless conj.除非；如果不
unless 引的条件句表示在特定条件下，才决定做或不做一
件事。

=if...not
The concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule if
there is not a typhoon.
6. be afraid to do sth.害怕干某事
I ’m afraid to speak in front of other people.
be afraid of sth.害怕某事
He told me not to be afraid of difficulties.
be afraid +that从句
I ’m afraid that I can ’t finish on time
7. be angry with sb.
We were angry with him for keeping us waiting.
be angry at/about sth.
He is angry at/about your answer.
I was very angry at what he said.
8.in the end 最后；于 = at last/ finally at the
end of 在 ... 末端；到 ... 尽
He married the nice girl in the end/at last/finally.
The school is at the end of the street.
9.careless adj. 粗心的；反： careful ，意“小心的”。

The boy is very careless.个男孩很粗心。

He is more careful than me.他比我真。

10.advise v. “ 告；建” advice,n. 是不可数名 . Give me some advice!
advise doing sth.建做某事。

advise sb.（not）to do sth.建某人（不）做某事
I advise waiting till the right time.我建等到适当的
候。

I advise him not to sleep late every day.我建他不要
每天睡。

11. It ’s best (not) to do sth.最好（不）做某事
It ’s best to speak English every day.
12. run away from “从⋯逃离”“逃避”
13.cut ⋯ in half “切成两半”【重点
法】
if 条件句
if 条件句：条件句用于述气，表示假的情况可能生，
其中 if 是“如果”的意思，引条件状从句， if 从句用一般在，主
句用一般将来。

（主将从）
构
if 从句主句（主将从）
成
一般在： 1.一般将来：
主 +be(is/am/are)+其它主＋ shall/will+V原
（名 / 形）。

2.主句是祈使句
主+V 原+其它。

3.主句含有情Can,主（三） +V （三） +may , must 等
其它。

4.主句含有 want, hope ,
·
wish 等表愿望的
If I am an teacher,I will be busy. call me please.
If you come back,
he will take us to the
例
If he comes ，
zoo.
句
If you can come,
please let me know.
If I have much money
I may take a trip.
注意：在与 if 条件句用的主句中我一般用will 表示将来，而不用 be going to表示将来。

PS：在 when （当⋯候） , after, before等引的状
从句中，如果主句一般将来，从句要用一般在表示将来
（主将从）。

如：I will call you when I reach Canada.我一到加拿大就你打。