初中英语语法之句子种类

初中英语语法之句子种类句子种类

句子按说话目的可分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

陈述句考点：陈述句的肯定结构和否认结构。

在肯定结构中，谓语动词不含否认词；否认结构是在系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not, 除了

not外，其他否认词,JU no, hardly, never, neither, nor也可以构成否认句。

【考例链接】按要求完成以下各题was playing with my phone when my mother came in.（改为否认句）

I with my phone when my mother came in.

2. She often reads with her daughter in the evening.（改为否认句）She often with her daughter in the evening.

3. Elen has already bought some flowers.（改为否认句）Ellen bought any flowers.

疑问句疑问句用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和附加疑问句。

《义务教育英语课程标准》要求同学们掌握前三种。

考点一：一般疑问句。

一般疑问句通常将系动词、助动词或情态动词放到主语前构成。一般疑问句用Yes或No来回答，其回答常用简略答语。注意：回答否认式的一般疑问句时，答语中的Yes和N。的含义与其汉语意思恰好相反，意为“不"和"是的”。

【考例链接】按要求完成以下各题The Browns were watching TV when they got the phone call last night.（改为——般疑问句） the Browns TV when they got the phone call last night?

1. Dr Ma laid his papers on the desk for the young doctors to study.（改为一般疑问句）Dr Ma his papers on the desk for the young doctors to study?

2. Didn* t he see you just now?（根据句意做出肯定或否认回答）, he. He said hello to me.

考点二：特殊疑问句。

1 .以疑问词开始，以寻求信息为目的的句子叫特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时，不能用Yes 或No,而要根据实际情况回答。

2 .常用的疑问词有：疑问代词what, which, who, whose, whom ；疑问副词when, where, why, how ；疑问词组how soon, how long, how far, how often, how old, how many, how much, what class, what time, what color 等。

3 .特殊疑问句的结构：“疑问词（不作主语）+一般疑问句语序?"或"疑问词（作主语）+谓语+ 其他?”。

考点三：选择疑问句。

选择疑问句提供两种或两种以上情况，用。r连接。回答时不能用Yes或No,而要根据选择的情况进行回答。

【考例链接】按要求完成以下各题Lee has helped the local people sell their products since

he returned to his hometown.（对划线局部提问）

has Lee helped the local people sell their products?

1. People will have robots at home in 20 years.（对划线局部提问）will people have robots at home?

2. Uncle Zhu is making a vegetable salad for dinner now.（对划线局部提问）Uncle Zhu making for dinner now?

3. I improved my Chinese a lot with the teachers' help.（对划线局部提问）you improve your

Chinese a lot?

4. —Do you want to join the chess club or the football club?（根据句意做出回答）—. I like playing football.

祈使句考点一：肯定式

祈使句的肯定式以动词原形开头，祈使句的主语一般都是第二人称you,但往往省略。有时为了强调对方时，可以写出主语you或人名。为了使语气变得委婉、客气，可在句首或句末加上please o考点二：否认式

在动词原形前加don' t构成否认的祈使句。

考点三：祈使句+and/or十分句在句型“祈使句+and/or+分句”中，祈使句相当于条件状语从句。

【考例链接】I .单项选择

（）1.noise pollution, and we can live in a quiet environment.

A. Prevent

B. Preventing

C. Prevented

D. To prevent

（）2.on the grass. If s a rule of the park.

A. StepDon' t step

B. To stepII.按要求完成以下各题

1. You shouldn' t walk across the road when the light is red.（改为祈使句）across the road when the light is red!

2. You shouldn' t tell lies to others and learn to be honest!（改为祈使句）lies to others and learn to be honest!

感叹句感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情，一般由what或how引导，句末常用感叹号。考点一：what引导的感叹句。

what修饰名词，它引导的感叹句有三种句型：

1. What + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词（+主语+其他）！

2. What +形容词+复数可数名词（+主语+其他）！

3. What +形容词+不可数名词（+主语+其他）！

考点二：how引导的感叹句。

how修饰形容词或副词，它引导的感叹句的句型为：How +形容词/副词（+主语+其他）！【考例链接】I ,单项选择

()1.—different life is today!

—Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now.

A. What aHow

B. What()2.nice weather it is! Let' s go for a picnic, Frank.

A. WhatWhat a

B. HowHow a

()3.special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.

A. WhatWhat a

B. How aHow

II.按要求完成以下各题.Holly' s mother made delicious zongzi yesterday.(改为感叹句) zongzi Holly' s mother made yesterday!

1 .The volunteer worked hard to get more kids back to school.(改为感叹句) the volunteer