高等学校研究生英语系列教材_综合教程(上)Unit 7 Exploring Human Nature 论人性
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit 7
综合教程（上）
INTEGRATED COURSE
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上 Unit 7
Unit 7
Exploring Human Nature
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上 Unit 7
Content
Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上 Unit 7
Starting out—Task 2
Task 2
The following viewpoints concerning human nature were contended by three prominent philosophers in ancient China. Who do you agree with? Do you agree completely or partly? Give specific examples to support your opinion. (P191)
Questions for discussion: 1. What made Jimmy become a thief before his arrest? 2. Was it his destiny, his nature, his life experience,
living environment or something else thaห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ shaped his behavior?
Mencius: human nature is good, and people are naturally
高等院校研究生综合英语系列教材综合教程(上)课文翻译
Unit One核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。
“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。
在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。
当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。
我们只招募核心员工。
”2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。
他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。
然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。
他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。
“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。
假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。
”只是这样有点儿冒险。
3“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。
作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。
4特征1：无私的合作者职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。
关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。
它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。
“这里需要合作，”费策尔说，“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。
在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。
”5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。
因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。
你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。
这个方法，加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”，而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。
熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》Unit7-Unit10课文翻译及课后练习答案
熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》Unit7-UnitIO课文翻译及课后练习答案Unit Seve nON HUMAN NATURE Frank and Lydia Hammer 我对人类的了解越多，对他们的期望就越低。
和以前相比，我现在常常以较宽松的标准把一个人叫做好人。
——塞缪尔•约翰逊博士论人性弗兰克，莉迪亚•汉默尔1 Humamature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that in destructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must takeand keep throughout life. This we call a pers on's n ature.1人性是性格、气质和性情的基础，性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质的形式存在，并将它保留终生，这种基质，我们称之为一个人的本性。
2 The basic n ature of huma n beings does not and cannot cha nge. It is only the surface that is capable of alterati on, improveme nt and refi neme nt; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits. A study of history reveals that the people who walked thisearth in an tiquity were moved by the same fun dame ntal forces, were swayed by the same passi ons, and had the same aspirati ons as the men and wome n of today. The pursuit of happ in ess still en grosses mankind the world over.2人类的本性不会也不能改变，只有一些表面特征才会变化、改善和进一步提升；我们可以改变人们的风格、举止、衣着和习惯。
高等学校研究生英语系列教材-综合教程(上)主编熊海虹何莲珍 1-6单元 练习参考答案
《研究生英语综合教程上》1-6单元练习参考答案Unit One Planning Your Future CareerReading Focus Traits of the Key PlayersText ExplorationTask 2 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. BVocabulary in ActionTask 1 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B Task 2 1. public (c) 2. discipline (b)3. strength (a)4. reference (a)5. strength (d)6. public (a)7. demonstrated (b) 8. discipline (c)9. reference (c) 10. personality (a)11. disciplining (d) 12. demonstrates (a)13. public (d) 14. reference (b)15. personality (c)Task 3 1. employment 2. paid 3. adjust4. setting5. discouraged6. credit7. cite 8. demonstrate 9. teamwork 10. rulesTranslation PracticeParagraph One“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行。
这意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行。
”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一，就是要更快到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。
这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit7
inclined toward virtue. Unfortunately, the negative elements of society tend to corrupt many people, and only a few are able to overcome them.
Reference: Animal instinct is ruled by desires, emotions and needs that have to be fulfilled regardless of the time and place. While human nature, which is also driven by those needs, emotions and desires, is mostly controlled by brain, which is related to logic, morals, backgrounds, religions, etc. When control is not present, our nature is basically nothing but animal instinct.
Starting out- Task 1
Based on what you’ve listed above, discuss with your partner the differences between human beings and other animals in terms of their nature and instincts. (P191)
Background Information
研究生英语综合教程(上)Unit-7Ex
精选课件
12
Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
Task 3
Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English. Try to use the expressions you have learned from the text. (P203)
in- un- mis-ar -ee -ness
-m•ent -ially -ial
de- im- -tion -or -ible dis- -er -st -al -ly -inal -ation -ist -able
parti_a_ll_y_ _u_n_fold _u_n_selfish/ selfish_n_e_s_s
_a__si_n_g_l_e_s_u_r_v_e_y__ (仅凭一次调查结果就得出结论).
精选课件
13
Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action
5. _H__e_h_a_d__n_o_f_r_ie_n_d__s_n_o_r_a_c_q_u_a_in__ta_n_c_e_s_(他既没有朋友，也没有熟 人), nor did he make any.
___H_u__m__a_n__n_a_t_u_r_e__d_o_e_s__n_o__t _a_n_d__c_a_n__n_o_t__c_h_a_n_g__e_;_w__e__c_a_n______ ___o_n_l_y__e_n_d_e_a__v_o_r__to__u__n_d_e_r_s_t_a_n_d__m__a_n__a_s__h_e__i_s_. ______________
熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程_上》1-10单元原文+翻译(个人整理方便学习)
Unit OneTRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERSDavid G. Jensen核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1 What exactly is a key player? A "Key Player" is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client - a hiring manager involved in a recent search - to define it for me. "Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineer and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without," he said. "Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recruit only key players."1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
高等学校研究生英语系列教材_综合教程(上)Unit 7 Exploring Human Nature 论人性
On Human Nature
Para. 1
What
development
Structure
Paras. 2-9
Para. 10
conclusion
Main Idea
Ⅱ. The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change.
●The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change. It is only the surface that is capable of alteration, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits. A study of history reveals that the people who walked this earth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.
一项历史研究表明曾经行走在地球上的古人们和今天的男男女女们受着同样的基本力量驱使被同样的激情左右并有着同样的抱负时至今日对幸福的追求仍然是全世界人类全身心投入的事业
论
美术学院 艺术设计系 Wenxin Yuan
(完整)《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》原文+翻译(个人整理方便学习)
上册Unit OneTRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS David G. Jensen核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1 What exactly is a key player? A "Key Player" is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client - a hiring manager involved in a recent search - to define it for me. "Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineer and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without," he said. "Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recruit only key players." 1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程_上》Unit7-Unit10课文翻译及课后练习答案
an unsavory reputation to re-establish himself in public confidence. People know from
experience that an individual who in one year displays knavish characteristics- seldom
8 Man's majesty and nobility are taken for granted, although his faults and weaknesses are constantly paraded before our eyes. Only when behavior deviates from the normal does it attract attention. The good neighbor, the conscientious citizen, the kind father and faithful husband pass unnoticed. But the murderer, robber or wife beater is singled out for ublicity, because such conduct is unusual.
earth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.
高等学校研究生英语综合教程课件 熊海虹主编
Starting out-Task 3
Task 3 Read the following story about Jimmy and discuss with your partner the questions that follow the story. (P192)
Questions for discussion: 1. What made Jimmy become a thief before his arrest? 2. Was it his destiny, his nature, his life experience,
Mencius: human nature is good, and people are naturally
inclined toward virtue. Unfortunately, the negative elements of society tend to corrupt many people, and only a few are able to overcome them.
Reference: Animal instinct is ruled by desires, emotions and needs that have to be fulfilled regardless of the time and place. While human nature, which is also driven by those needs, emotions and desires, is mostly controlled by brain, which is related to logic, morals, backgrounds, religions, etc. When control is not present, our nature is basically nothing but animal instinct.
熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》Unit7-Unit10课文翻译及课后练习答案
Unit SevenON HUMAN NATURE Frank and Lydia Hammer我对人类的了解越多，对他们的期望就越低。
和以前相比，我现在常常以较宽松的标准把一个人叫做好人。
——塞缪尔·约翰逊博士论人性弗兰克，莉迪亚·汉默尔1 Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life. This we call a person's nature.1人性是性格、气质和性情的基础，性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质的形式存在，并将它保留终生，这种基质，我们称之为一个人的本性。
2 The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change. It is only the surface that is capable of alteration, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits. A study of history reveals that the people who walked thisearth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.2人类的本性不会也不能改变，只有一些表面特征才会变化、改善和进一步提升；我们可以改变人们的风格、举止、衣着和习惯。
最新熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》Unit7-Unit10课文翻译及课后练习答案
Unit SevenON HUMAN NATURE Frank and Lydia Hammer我对人类的了解越多，对他们的期望就越低。
和以前相比，我现在常常以较宽松的标准把一个人叫做好人。
——塞缪尔·约翰逊博士论人性弗兰克，莉迪亚·汉默尔1 Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life. This we call a person's nature.1人性是性格、气质和性情的基础，性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质的形式存在，并将它保留终生，这种基质，我们称之为一个人的本性。
2 The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change. It is only the surface that is capable of alteration, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits. A study of history reveals that the people who walked thisearth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.2人类的本性不会也不能改变，只有一些表面特征才会变化、改善和进一步提升；我们可以改变人们的风格、举止、衣着和习惯。
《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》原文及翻译
《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》原文及翻译上册Unit OneTRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS David G. Jensen核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1 What exactly is a key player? A "Key Player" is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client - a hiring manager involved in a recent search - to define it for me. "Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineer and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without," he said. "Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recruit only key players."1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
研究生英语综合教程Unit7 ppt课件
综合教程（上）
INTEGRATED COURSE
2020/12/12
1
2020/12/12
Unit 7
Exploring Human Nature
2
精品资料
• 你怎么称呼老师？
• 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你 是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？
• 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ • 教师的教鞭
2020/12/12
5
Starting out
Task 1
What distinguishes human beings from other animals? Work with your partner to list the behavior that is unique to human beings, that is unique to other animals and that they have in common. (P191)
• “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我 笨，没有学问无颜见爹娘 ……”
• “太阳当空照，花儿对我笑，小鸟说早早早……”
Content
Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project
2020/12/12
6
Starting out- Task 1
➢ Based on what you’ve listed above, discuss with your partner the differences between human beings and other animals in terms of their nature and instincts. (P191)
最新熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》Unit7-Unit10课文翻译及课后练习答案
Unit SevenON HUMAN NATURE Frank and Lydia Hammer我对人类的了解越多，对他们的期望就越低。
和以前相比，我现在常常以较宽松的标准把一个人叫做好人。
——塞缪尔·约翰逊博士论人性弗兰克，莉迪亚·汉默尔1 Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life. This we call a person's nature.1人性是性格、气质和性情的基础，性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质的形式存在，并将它保留终生，这种基质，我们称之为一个人的本性。
2 The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change. It is only the surface that is capable of alteration, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits. A study of history reveals that the people who walked thisearth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.2人类的本性不会也不能改变，只有一些表面特征才会变化、改善和进一步提升；我们可以改变人们的风格、举止、衣着和习惯。
熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程上》1-10单元原文+翻译（个人整理方便学习）
Unit One TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERSDavid G. Jensen核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1 What exactly is a key player? A "Key Player" is a phrase that I've heard ab out from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client - a hiring manager involved in a recent search - to define it for me. "Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineer and biol ogists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without," he said. "Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to r ecruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recrui t only key players."1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
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Para. 2
论
美术学院 艺术设计系 Wenxin Yuan
E xploring Human Nature
—On Human Nature
人性
Reading Focus
On Human Nature
Para. 1
What
development
Structure
Paras. 2-9
Para. 10
conclusion
●Moreover no one wishes his nature to change. One may covet the position of President or King, but would not change places with them unless, it meant the continuance of his own identify. Each man sees himself as unique, and so far as he is concerned the hub of the universe, different from any other individual. Apologies are in order when Mr. Smith is mistaken for Mr. Jones.
●每个人都表现出一种与众不同的性格，而环 境和教育对性格的影响都极其有限。两个人从 相同的经历中也不会得出相同的结论，但是两 个人会各自分析这些事件并将它们融合到自己 丰富的生活模式中去。人性总是忠于它本身， 而不受信仰戒教育体制左右。
Para. 4
New Words
unfold [ʌn'fəʊld] vt. 打开；呈现 vi. 展开；显露
Main Idea
Ⅱ. The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change.
●The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change. It is only the surface that is capable of alteration, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits. A study of history reveals that the people who walked this earth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.
New Wordsaltertionn. 变动，改变
[,ɔltə'reʃən]
antiquity
n. 古代
[æ n'tɪkwɪtɪ]
engross
[ɪn'grəʊs; en-] vt. 使全神贯注于；使非常感 兴趣
Main Idea
Ⅲ. No one wishes his nature to change.
be in order 合适，恰当； 符合程序
Main Idea
Ⅳ. Human nature is ever true to itself, not to systems of faith or education.
●Every man unfolds a distinct character over which circumstances and education have only the most limited control. No two people will ever draw the same conclusions from the same experiences, but each must interpret events and fit them into the mosaic of his own life's pattern. Human nature is ever true itself, not to systems of faith or education.
●此外，没有人希望改变自己的本性，有人可能 会觊觎总统戒国王的职位，但不会和他们交换位 置，除非那意味着他自己身份的继续。每个人都 把自己看成是独特个体，而且，就他而言，他就 是宇宙的中心，有别于其他任何人。如果有人把 史密斯先生误认作琼斯先生，这人就该道歉。
Para. 3
New Words
covet ['kʌvɪt] vt. 垂涎；觊觎 vi. 垂涎；觊觎
mosaic [mo'zeɪk] adj.拼成的；嵌花 式的 n. 马赛克；镶嵌； 镶嵌细工
谢谢观赏