虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况
虚拟语气在从句中的用法
虚拟语气在从句中的用法1.主语从句中的用法(1)在以 it 为形式主语的复合句中,虚拟语气在主语从句中表示建议、要求、命令等,谓语动词用 should be 型或 be 型虚拟式,在美国英语中常用be 型虚拟式。
如:It ’ s natural that she should do so.她这么做是很自然的事。
It is essential that we should tell her the news.我们有必要告诉她这个消息。
It is important that we should make full use of our mineral resources.对我们来说,充分利用我国的矿产资源是重要的。
It is strange that the result of the experiment should be unsatisfactory.奇怪的是实验结果竟然如此令人不满意。
It is desired that we should get everything ready by tonight.希望一切在今晚准备好。
It was arranged that Mr Sam should go and help Bettie.他们作了安排,由萨姆先生去帮助贝蒂。
(2) 主句的谓语为某些动词的被动语态,常用在It is (was) desired (suggested, settled ,proposed, recommended, requested, decided, etc.) that...句型中。
It is suggested that the question should be discussed at the next meeting.有人建议在下次会上讨论这个问题。
It is vital that he should be warned before it is too late.在还不太晚的时候警告他是非常必要的。
虚拟语气在各种从句中的应用
虚拟语⽓在各种从句中的应⽤虚拟语⽓在各种从句中的应⽤⼀.在主语从句中,⽤来表⽰惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等,其谓语形式是“(should) + 动词原形”,常⽤于下列三种句型中:1. It is necessary (vital,important, natural, strange, wonderful, proper, right, good, wrong, impossible, etc.) + that -clausee.g. It is important that we (should) master a foreign language.2. It is a pity ( a shame, no wonder, your duty, etc.) + that-clause.e.g. It is a great pity that he should be so careless.3. It is suggested (ordered, proposed, requested, etc.) + that-clause.e.g. It is requested that she should sing an English song.在上述句型的主语从句中,should意为“应该”,“竟然”,可以省去,但不可换⽤would, 主句所⽤的时态不限。
⼆.在宾语从句中1. ⽤于wish后的宾语从句中,表⽰未实⾏的活不可能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜”、“......就好了”、“悔不该......”,“但愿......”等。
B.⽤法:a. 与现在相反的愿望:I wish I were ten years younger.I wish I knew how to drive a car.b. 与过去事实相反的愿望:I wish I had gone to the football match last night.I wish you had been here yesterday.c. 与将来可能相反的愿望:I wish the boys would be quiet.He wishes you would go and visit him.注:1. hope + 宾语从句(陈述语⽓),表⽰的是可能实现的愿望,⽐较:I hope it is true. I wish it were true.2. ⽤于command(命令),insist(坚持要),suggest(建议),propose(建议),order(命令)以及request(恳求),desire(希望)等之后的宾语从句中,表⽰“要求、请求、建议、命令等,其谓语形式是:“should + 动词原形”(should 可省,但不可换⽤would)。
虚拟语气完整用法
虚拟语气一、用固定的情态动词表示的虚拟语气1、 should +动词原形(有时省略should)(1)用在动词如advise, request, require, suggest, urge,demand,desire,command, insist, order, propose, recommend, 等后的宾语从句中。
例如:1)They requested that we (should) send a invitation to their school、2)He urged that he acquaint and apply the methods、2、用在it is suggested,it has been decided, it is desired, it was proposed,it is required, it was ordered, it is necessary (essential, imperative, important, desirable) that等引出的主语从句中。
例如:1)It is required that we (should) get everything done by tomorrow night、2)It is imperative that the teachers (should) have a thorough knowledge of the subject they teach、3、用在suggestion, motion, proposal, order, recommendation, plan, idea, requirement等引起的表语从句与同位语从句例如:She drives her vessel carefully lest she should lost her way、4.用在表示比拟的方式状语从句中例如:He laughed as if he had never been happier before、5.用在表示虚拟情况的定语从句中例如:It is high time you stop bitting your child、6.用在某些表示主观愿望的名词从句中例1:I wish I were as tall as you、例2:He insisted that we (should) catch up the first bus in the morning、7.用在婉转的请求、建议、批评等句子中例1:Could you hand me some pepper?例2:You might have told me earlier、例3:Hadn’t you better go and see you lover ?8.用在表示祝愿的简单句中例1:Long live world peace、例2:May you best、二.虚拟语气谓语动词的几种表现形式:1.用于虚拟条件句中虚拟条件句及其主句的谓语形式可归纳如下:从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反 were, did would (should, could, might) + v、与将来事实相反 should do, would (should, could, might) + v、(可能性极小) were+to+v、与过去事实相反 had done would (should, could, might) + have done例1:I could definitely see the final score if I had the time、例2:How nice it would be if you could bring a gift、例3:Thay might have arrived on time if the car haven’t broken down on the road、如果条件从句中包含有were, had, should或could,有时可把if省略掉,但这时要把were, had, should或could放在主语前面(这种结构在口语中较少使用)。
英语虚拟语气在从句中的用法及其表达方式
英语虚拟语气在从句中的用法及其表达方式摘要虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、建议、猜测、可能或纯粹的空想等。
虚拟语气在英语中有多种表达方式,可以用于不同类型的从句中,如条件从句、名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句等。
本文将介绍虚拟语气在从句中的基本用法和常见句型,并给出相应的例句。
一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件从句是由连词if或其他连词引导的表示条件或假设的从句。
条件从句可以分为四种类型,分别对应不同的虚拟语气形式:类型条件从句主句含义例句真实条件if + 一般现在时一般将来时/情态动词+动词原形表示可能发生或实现的情况If it rains tomorrow, we willstay at home.与现在事实相反if + 一般过去时/过去进行时would/could/might/should+动词原形表示与现在事实相反或不可能实现的假设If I were you, I would studyharder.与过去事实相反if + 过去完成时/过去完成进行时would/could/might/should+have+过去分词表示与过去事实相反或无法改变的假设If he had studied harder, hewould have passed theexam.与将来事实相反if + should/were to+动词原形/一般过去时would/could/might/should+动词原形表示对将来不太可能发生或实现的假设If I should win the lottery, Iwould travel around theworld.二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词功能的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句中可以使用虚拟语气来表示说话人的愿望、建议、命令、要求等。
1. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法宾语从句是指在复合句中作主要成分动词或介词的宾语的从句。
宾语从句用虚拟语气的10种用法优秀
宾语从句用虚拟语气的10种用法优秀2. 建议:在宾语从句中使用"should"来表示建议。
例如:"I suggested that she should see a doctor."(我建议她去看医生。
)3. 命令:在宾语从句中使用"were to"来表示命令,相当于"should"的虚拟用法。
例如:"The boss insisted that the employees were to finish the project by Friday."(老板坚持要员工们在星期五之前完成项目。
)4. 愿望:用过去式的虚拟语气来表示对现在或将来不可能实现的愿望。
例如:"I wish I had a million dollars."(我希望我有一百万美元。
)5. 批评:使用"should"或"were to"来表达对现在或将来不可能实现的愿望。
例如:"The professor demanded that the students should study harder."(教授要求学生们要更加努力学习。
)6. 过去事实:使用过去完成时的虚拟语气来表示过去的反事实情况。
例如:"He pretended that he had never been to Paris."(他假装自己从未去过巴黎。
)7. 建议过去的行动:使用"should have"来表示对过去行动的建议。
例如:"I suggested that she should have attended the meeting."(我建议她应该参加会议。
)8. 不可实现的要求:使用"could"来表示对过去行动的不可实现的要求。
虚拟语气shoulddo结构
虚拟语气shoulddo结构虚拟语气是英语中一个非常重要的语法现象,它在虚拟条件句和虚拟陈述句中经常出现。
其中一种常见的虚拟语气是"should do"结构。
在这个结构中,should可以省略,用于表示建议、命令、要求、愿望、意愿或态度。
下面将详细介绍虚拟语气中的"should do"结构。
一、表达建议在表达建议的情况下,"should do"结构常用于第一人称和第三人称,用于给出具体的行动建议。
例1:I think you should take a break and relax for a while.我觉得你应该休息一下,放松一下。
二、表达命令、要求在表达命令或要求的情况下,"should do"结构常用于第一人称和第三人称,用于表示一种强烈的命令或要求。
例2:You should clean your room before going out.在出门前,你应该先把房间打扫干净。
三、表达愿望、意愿或态度在表达愿望、意愿或态度的情况下,"should do"结构常用于第一人称,用于表示一种希望或愿望。
例3:I wish I should be there with you.我希望我能和你一起在那里。
四、虚拟条件句在虚拟条件句中,"should do"结构常用于if从句中,表示一种假设、猜测或推测。
例4:If I were you, I should take the job offer.如果我是你,我应该接受这份工作。
以上是关于虚拟语气中的"should do"结构的介绍,该结构在日常英语中使用非常频繁,用于表示建议、命令、要求、愿望、意愿或态度。
熟练掌握该结构的用法对于提升英语口语表达能力非常有帮助。
should+从句的用法
“should+从句”的用法如下:“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,用于与现在事实相反或不可能发生的情况,或表示惊讶、怀疑或不满意等情绪。
例如:(1)He should be here by now.(现在他应该已经在这里了。
)(2)It is not likely that he should win the prize.(他不太可能赢得那个奖项。
)“should+have+过去分词”表示对过去情况的虚拟语气,用于与过去事实相反或不可能发生的情况,或表示惊讶、怀疑或不满意等情绪。
例如:(1)You should have known better than to trust him.(你应该比信任他更明智。
)(2)I should have guessed that something was wrong.(我应该猜到出了问题。
)“should+have+过去分词+but+动词原形”表示对过去情况的虚拟语气,但同时又表示对现在情况的虚拟语气,用于与过去事实相反或不可能发生的情况,或表示惊讶、怀疑或不满意等情绪。
例如:(1)You should have known better than to trust him, but you didn't.(你应该比信任他更明智,但你没有。
)(2)I should have guessed that something was wrong, but I didn't.(我应该猜到出了问题,但我没有。
)“should+have+过去分词+and+动词原形”表示对过去情况的虚拟语气,但同时又表示对现在情况的虚拟语气,用于与过去事实相反或不可能发生的情况,或表示惊讶、怀疑或不满意等情绪。
例如:(1)You should have known better than to trust him, and you still do.(你应该比信任他更明智,但你仍然如此。
宾语从句中的虚拟语气使用
宾语从句中的虚拟语气使用在宾语从句中,如果宾语从句所表达的内容与事实相反或与主句中的动词形态相矛盾时,可以使用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法如下:1. 要求、建议、命令、感叹等动词后的宾语从句中,虚拟语气使用"should + 动词原形"的形式。
例句:- She insisted that he should go to the party.(她坚持要他去参加派对。
)- He requested that the meeting should be postponed.(他要求会议应该被推迟。
)- It is important that we should study hard.(重要的是我们应该努力学习。
)2.在一些特定的动词后的宾语从句中,虚拟语气使用"动词原形(与过去形式相同)"的形式。
例句:- I suggest that they try again.(我建议他们再试一次。
)3. 在条件句中的宾语从句中,虚拟语气使用"would/should/could/might + 动词原形"的形式。
例句:- If he were here, he would help us.(如果他在这里的话,他会帮助我们。
)- If I had more money, I would buy a car.(如果我有更多的钱,我会买一辆车。
)- If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们会呆在家里。
)需要注意的是,虚拟语气的使用方法因语境和时态的不同而有所不同,以上仅是一些常见的使用情况。
因此,在具体的语境中,应根据需要确定正确的虚拟语气形式。
关于虚拟语气的用法与理解(shouldhavedone)
关于虚拟语⽓的⽤法与理解(shouldhavedone)“should + 完成时”,主要有以下四种⽤法:⼀、“should + 完成时”,表⽰“过去本应该做某事,⽽实际未做”,属于虚拟语⽓的⼀种。
You should have reported them to the police. 你应当向警⽅控告他们的。
The problem should have been ironed out months ago. 这个问题⼏个⽉前就该解决了。
You should have been more careful in money matters. 在钱⽅⾯,你本当更⼩⼼点的。
I'm to blame. I should have thought of that. 都怪我,我应该想到这⼀点。
You should have known better than to talk like that. 你本应更懂事⽽不致说这样的话。
⼆、“should + 完成时”与虚拟条件连⽤,表⽰“与过去事实不符或相反的虚拟语⽓”。
【说明】if 从句⽤过去完成时,主句⽤“should + 完成时”,主句的主语仅限于使⽤第⼀⼈称。
这时,should 可以⽤would 代替。
例如:If I had seen Mary I should/would have invited her. 我当时要是看到玛丽的话我本会邀请她的。
If I had received the present, I should/would have thanked him. 如果我收到了礼物,我是应当向他道谢的。
I should/would not have laughed if I had thought you were serious. 如果我想到你是认真的,我就不会笑了。
也可以⽤其他结构代替if 条件句。
例如:But for your advice, I should/would have failed. 要不是你的忠告,我会失败的。
should的用法汇总有口语
should的⽤法汇总有⼝语should属于情态动词,后⾯接动词原形,意为“应该”,表⽰主观看法:也可以表⽰建议、劝告等。
可⽤于各种⼈称。
should ⼀词在中学英语课本中出现频率很⾼。
它的⽤法灵活、含义丰富,因⽽⼀直是历年⾼考关注的热点,⼤学阶段的英语学习中也常常遇到这个词,尤其是在写作当中使⽤更加频繁。
现将其具体⽤法分述如下:⼀、should 作为助动词shall 的过去式,可以在间接引语中与第⼀⼈称主语搭配,表⽰过去将来时间。
例如The group leader announced that we should (= would )begin to work soon.⼩组长宣布:我们不久就开始⼯作。
A week ago,I told him that I should (= would)go to Beijing the next day.⼀个星期以前,我告诉他我第⼆天就去北京。
⼆、should 作为情态动词,通常⽤来表⽰现在或将来的责任或义务,译作“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以和ought to,be supposed to 互换使⽤。
例如:You should (= are supposed to )complete your test in time.你们应该按时做完你们的实验。
You should (= ought to )tell your mother about it at once.你应该⽴即把此事告诉你妈妈。
In sum,theory should be combined with practice.总之,理论应该与实验相结合。
三、should 作为情态动词,可以⽤在条件状语从句中,表⽰语⽓较强的假设,译作“万⼀”、“竟然”,这时也可将should 置于从句之⾸,即将should 放在主语前⾯,⽽省略从属连词if .例如:If you should fail to come,ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. (= Should you fail to come,ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. )万⼀你来不了,就叫陈夫⼈代替你。
虚拟语气在各种从句中的用法
虚拟语⽓在各种从句中的⽤法虚拟语⽓在宾语从句中的⽤法1、⽤在动词wish之后在动词wish后的宾语从句中,从句动词⽤过去时表⽰与现在事实相反的愿望;从句动词⽤过去完成时表⽰与过去事实相反的愿望;从句中⽤ “would/could+动词原形”则表⽰将来难以实现的愿望。
I wish I knew how to operate the machine.我要是会操作这台机器该多好啊。
We wish you had come to our English evening.我们真希望你来参加了我们的英语晚会。
I wish I would try again.我真希望能再试⼀次。
注意:wish与hope的区别wish后的宾语从句要⽤虚拟语⽓,⽽hope后的宾语从句要⽤陈述语⽓I hope you'll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。
2、⽤在would rather/would sooner后的宾语从句中would rather和would sooner可以后接⼀个有⾃⼰的主语的宾语从句,从句内容是宁愿他⼈做什么或宁愿某物怎么样。
这种宾语从句中⽤过去时表⽰现在和将来的虚拟内容,⽤过去完成时表⽰过去的虚拟内容。
I wish I had seen you yesterday. 我希望昨天能见到你。
I'd rather you went home now.我倒宁愿你现在回家。
I would rather you came tomorrow.我倒宁愿你明天来。
I would rather you had stayed at home last night.我倒宁愿你昨天晚上呆在家⾥。
3、⽤在表⽰命令、建议等意义的动词后的宾语从句中在表⽰提议、要求、命令、意愿、决定等意义的动词 (如suggest, decide, require, request, demand, propose, insist, order, prefer等)后的宾语从句中,常⽤ "should+动词原形",should常被省略。
虚拟语气suggest用法
虚拟语气suggest用法1. 虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气是一种语法现象,用来表达不实际的假设、要求、建议、猜测、命令等,通常与事实相反或与现实不一致。
虚拟语气不能单独使用,它必须依附于其他词或结构来表达特定的意义。
在英语中,虚拟语气的形式主要是:would/could/might/should + 动词原形。
2. 表达建议表达建议是虚拟语气的常见用法之一。
当我们向他人提出建议时,可以使用虚拟语气来表达自己的建议。
下面是一些常见的表达建议的句型:2.1. 建议使用”should”•You should take a break.(你应该休息一下。
)•It would be a good idea if you could go for a walk.(如果你能出去散散步的话,那会是个好主意。
)•I suggest that you should start a new hobby.(我建议你开始一个新的爱好。
)2.2. 建议使用”could”•You could try to talk to him about the issue.(你可以试着和他谈谈这个问题。
)•Could you please attend the meeting tomorrow?(你能明天参加会议吗?)•I think you could ask for help if you need it.(我认为如果需要的话,你可以寻求帮助。
)3. 虚拟语气的条件句虚拟语气常常与条件句连用,表示与现实相反的假设情况。
条件句分为三种类型:与现在事实相反的虚拟(对现在或未来进行假设)、与过去事实相反的虚拟(对过去进行假设)和与将来事实相反的虚拟(对将来进行假设)。
3.1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟与现在事实相反的虚拟语气表示与现在或将来相反的假设情况。
它常由”should/would/could/might + 动词原形”来表示。
- If I were you, I would apologize to her.(如果我是你,我会向她道歉。
虚拟语气的三种用法
虚拟语气的三种用法摘要:虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实,它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
本文分别介绍了虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。
关键词:虚拟语气;用法;名词性从句;宾语从句作者简介:吴娴,任教于江苏省扬州市育才高级中学。
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句虚拟语气运用于条件状语从句中,需要注意三点:1.条件句中有were, had, should时,如省略if,则需把were, had, should放在主语前,形成倒装结构。
Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.2.在错综时间条件句中,即虚拟条件句和主句的动作发生的时间不一致,主从句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气。
If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.(现在→过去)If they had left home in early morning, they would arrive in half an hour.(过去→将来)3.有时虚拟条件不用从句,而是通过上下文或用介词短语等表示出来,这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。
常用的词有 with, without, but for, otherwise, or等。
But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded.Without electricity life would be quite different today.二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句1.用于主语从句中在主语从句中, 谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“should+动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。
(1)It is necessary (important, natural, desirable, advisable, strange, etc.) that we should clean the room every day.(2)It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless.(3)It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.在上述三种主语从句中,should意为“应该”、“竟然”,可以省去,主句所用动词的时态不限。
should用法总结
should
1.should(推断)
We should arrive before dark. 我们按说能在天黑前到达.
2.should
If I was asked to work on Sundays I should resign. 要是叫我星期天上班, 我就辞职(fml文).
3.should(用在形容词anxious﹑sorry﹑concerned﹑happy﹑delighted等後接的
that从句中):
I'm anxious that he should be well cared for. 我盼望他能受到很好的照顾.
We're sorry that you should feel uncomfortable. 你觉得在这儿不舒服, 我们非常抱歉.
4.should(虚拟语气表格):
If you should change your mind, do let me know. 万一你要改变主意, 一定要告诉我.
5.should(fml 文) (用於so that/in order that之後表示目的或动机):
He put the cases in the car so that he should be able to make an early start. 他把箱子放在汽车里, 这样他就可以早点动身了.
6.should与疑问词连用, 表示不感兴趣﹑难以相信等):
How should I know? 我怎麽知道呢?
summary: should 竟然+目的+it is 高兴担忧等that+推断+虚拟+周末上班我就辞职shall 语气(允诺+命令+建议+推断)
推测may might can should shall。
(完整word版)虚拟语气从句中should的省略
虚拟语气从句中should的省略虽然,虚拟语气这一语法内容在现代英语中变得越来越无足轻重,但虚拟语气从句中should的用法问题一直是重要的语法现象,由于人们日常交际中常涉及到这一语法现象,因此,对于英语学习者来说,必须给予足够的重视。
一般说来,在一些特定的词语引导的从句中都要用带should的虚拟语气。
在美国英语里,should是可省掉的。
具体的省略情况如何呢?现归纳如下:1.凡是由suggest,request,order,demand,propose,desire,command,insist等及物动词所带的宾语从句,其谓语部分的should可以省。
例如:The old peasant suggested that a reservoir(should)be built at the foot of thehill,那位老农建议在这座山脚下修座水库。
“The experiment had failed!"“I suggest you(should)try again.”“实验失败了!"“我提议再试一试.”I desire that you(should)finish thetask today.我希望你今天完成这项任务.They requested(demanded)that everyone(should)attend themeeting ontime.他们要求大家准时出席会议。
He proposed that we(should)visit their schoolnext week.他提议我们下周参观他们的学校。
The captain ordered(commanded)that his soldiers(should)go on tothefront.上尉命令他的战士继续开往前线.The boy insisted that he(should)go back alone.这孩子坚持要一个人回去。
英语虚拟语气用法点拨
英语虚拟语气用法点拨虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反I: 最基本的虚拟语气句型:1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。
If places were a like, there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样,就不需要地理学家了。
2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设,if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had+过去分词,主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。
If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you.3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。
If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形,主句用would / should/could/ might +动词原形。
If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。
有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去,而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前,即用倒装结构。
英语虚拟语气用法点拨
英语虚拟语气用法点拨虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反I: 最基本的虚拟语气句型:1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。
If places were a like, there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样,就不需要地理学家了。
2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设,if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had+过去分词,主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。
If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you.3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。
If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形,主句用would / should/could/ might +动词原形。
If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。
有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去,而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前,即用倒装结构。
虚拟语气词should的用法
虚拟语⽓词should的⽤法我们通过⼀下的例句来讲讲虚拟语⽓词should的⽤法:1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要⽤should 加动词原形, should 可省略。
句型: (1) suggestedIt is (2) important that…+ (should) do (3) a pity(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted;+ (should) do(2)important, necessary, natural, strangea pity, a shame, no wonder(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.2)在宾语从句中的应⽤ 在表⽰命令、建议、要求等⼀类动词后⾯的从句中。
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 注意:如suggest, insist不表⽰"建议" 或"坚持要某⼈做某事时",即它们⽤于其本意"暗⽰、表明"、"坚持认为"时,宾语从句⽤陈述语⽓。
The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules. 判断改错: (错) You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. (对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill. (错) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. (对) I insisted that you were wrong.3)在表语从句,同位语从句中的应⽤ 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后⾯的表语从句、同位语从句中要⽤虚拟语⽓,即(should)+动词原形。
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虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况
1. 在建议、要求、命令、想法后的动词后的宾语从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should 可以省略. 如advise, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, indicate, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest, urge.
The doctor suggested that she (should) take good care of herself. 2. 在建议,要求,命令,想法后的名词后的从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should可以省略. 如
advice, agreement, command, decision, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement etc.
It was Bill’s suggestion that everyone (s hould) have a map. (主语3. 在It is/was +形容词后that引起的主语从句中用should的结构, should 可以省略。
这类形容词常见的有: advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, impossible, improper, important, natural, necessary, obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital; strange, surprising, unnatural,etc.
It's natural that she (should) do so.
It is important that we (should) learn English well.
4. 在It’s (about)/(high)time 后的that 从句中, 用过去式, 有时也可用should + do 的形式表示“该是做什么的时候” should不能
省略。
It is about time you were in bed.
It is high time we left(should leave).。