高考复习专题特殊句式

(8)as 和 though 引导的让步状语从句。 Try as she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open. (9)“may＋动词原形”表示祝愿，通常把 may 置于句 首，构成倒装语序。 May you succeed!
【题组训练 2】 1． Successful as he is (他虽然成功)(as)，he is not proud. 2．Only when he reached the teahouse did he realize (他才 意识到) it was the same place he’d been in last year. 3．—It’s nice.Never before have I had such a special
2．部分倒装 在下列几种情况下， 只把助动词、 系动词或情态动词放 在主语之前，构成部分倒装。 (1)little，never，not，seldom，neither，nor，hardly， rarely，by no means，at no time，under no circumstances， in no case 等表示否定意义的单词或短语位于句首时。 Little does he care about what others think. (2) 在 not...until... ， no sooner...than... ， scarcely/hardly...when...， not only...but also...， neither...nor... 等句式中。 Neither does he drink nor smoke.
(6)当 neither，nor 位于句首，表示前面否定的内容也 适用于另一个人或事物时，常用“neither/nor＋be 动词/助 动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示“„„也不„„”。 They couldn’t understand it at that time，and nor could we. (7)省略 if 的虚拟条件句，把助动词 were，had，should 提到主语前面。 Had it not been for your help，we shouldn’t have achieved so much.
(1)强调句型中的主谓一致 在强调句型中， 当对陈述句中的主语进行强调时， 无论 被强调的主语是单数还是复数， 主句中的谓语动词都要用单 数形式 It is/was...，同时，that 从句中的谓语动词要与被强 调的主语在人称和数方面保持一致。 It is my parents that/who often help me get out of trouble. (2)当对地点状语、时间状语或其他状语从句进行强调 时，只能用连接词 that，而不能用 where，when，why 或 how 等。
(3)当 only 修饰副词、 介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。 Only then did I find I had made a mistake. (4)在 so/such...that...从句中， 当 so＋形容词/副词或 such ＋名词位于句首时。 So exhausted was she that she wanted to have a rest. (5) 当表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物 时，常用“so/as＋be 动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示 “„„也是„„”。 Times have changed and so have I.
英语
译林版(湖南专用)
专题七
特殊句式
◆主谓一致的考查要点 1．就近一致原则 whether...or...，not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语 时，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语 在数上保持一致。 Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind. (2)here/there 引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时， 通常根 Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.
③“every＋名词单数＋and＋every＋名词单数”表示 每一个人，谓语动词用单数。 Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country. ④通常由两个部件组成的物品如：a knife and fork (一 副刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Bread and butter is not to his taste. (2)表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是 复数形式但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Is fifty pounds enough?
(1)由 or， not only...but also...， neither...nor...， either...or...，
据就近原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
2．意义一致原则 (1)谓语动词必须用单数的情况 ①表示学科的名词以及 works(工厂)，news(消息)等作 主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义时，谓语动 词仍用单数。 Politics is his favorite subject. ②表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等 作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所 以谓语动词用单数。 Do you know when the United Nations was set up?
②“the＋形容词/分词”表示“一类人”时，谓语动词用 复数。 The poor were looked down upon in the old days. 3．语法一致原则 (1)由 and 连接的两个名词作主语 ①“a/the＋名词单数＋and＋名词单数”表示一个人(双 重身份)，谓语动词用单数。 The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city. ②“a/the＋名词单数＋ and＋ a/the ＋名词单数”表示两 个人，谓语动词用复数。 The teacher and the poet have just arrived.
◆倒装句的考查要点 1．全部倒装 (1)在 There be/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/ remain 等存在句中。 Look，there’s that bookshop I was telling you about. (2)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如 here，there， now，then，up，down，in，away，out 等置于句首，主语 是名词而不是代词时，用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现 在时或一般过去时。 There goes the phone.I’ll answer it.
drink (我以前从没喝过这么特别的饮料)!
—I’m glad you like it. 4． Up jumped the cat (猫跳起来) and caught the mouse. 5．Not until he finished his work 回家)．
did he go home (他才
(3)“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的 形式根据 of 后的名词的形式来定，如果名词是可数名词复 数，谓语动词用复数形式；如果名词是单数可数名词或不可 数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 Twothirds of the books are about science. Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.
(2)谓语动词必须用复数的情况 表示总称意义的名词， 如 people， police， public， cattle 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The police are searching for the murderer. (3)谓语动词的形式依据主语表示的意义而定 ①集体名词，如 family，class，group，team，club， company，government，population 等作主语时，谓语动词 的形式根据其在语境中表示的意义而定。当其表示集体意 义，强调整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；当其表示集体中各 个组成部分，强调个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。 As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all music lovers.
Leabharlann Baidu
is (be) delivering a speech in
is (be) a moment in history. is (be) always something to be feared.
5． A third of his compositions have (have) been corrected. 6．The unknown
(3)such 作表语置于句首时。 Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man but the 20th century’s greatest scientist. (4)直接引语的全部或部分位于句首时。 “If you die，who will get your money？” asked Holmes. (5)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。 In the center of the square stands a monument. (6)为平衡句子结构， 或使上下文衔接紧密， 而将作表语的 介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，引起倒装。 Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.
It was on August 8,2008 that the 29th Summer Olympic Games were opened in Beijing. (3)强调句型的疑问句 在强调句中， 无论被强调部分是什么句子成分， 变为一 般疑问句时，都须将主句改为疑问语序，即将“It is/was＋ 被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”改为“Is/Was it＋被强调部分 ＋that＋其他成分？”或“疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他成 分？”结构。 Was it her failing her exam that made her parents unhappy? When was it that she changed her mind?
◆强调句的考查要点 1．使用助动词 do，does 和 did 对谓语动词进行强调。 First impressions really do count. 2．运用强调句型来强调除谓语动词以外的其他句子 成分。 强调句型的基本句型结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋ that/who＋其他成分。可用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语、 表语、同位语等成分。在复习强调句型时，要注意以下几个 方面：
(4)在对 not...until...结构中的 until 时间状语或时间状语 从句进行强调时，要将句中的 not 移至 until 之前，构成： It is/was not until...that...。注意 that 从句中的谓语动词要变 成肯定形式，而且不再采用倒装语序。 I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.＝It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
【题组训练 1】 用所给词的适当形式填空 1． The writer and translator our school now. 2．He or I am (be) to go. 3． Are (be) not only the students but also their teacher required to attend the meeting? 4．Ten years