上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2008年3月

上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2008年3月
(总分：5.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、口语题(总题数：1，分数：1.00)
1.Topic: Should we stop bank loans to businesses which disregard environmental protection? Questions for Reference:
1. In some cities in China, local banks have stopped giving loans to those businesses which have caused pollution to the environment. Do you think the banks are doing the right thing or not?
2. What should the local governments or banks do- to shut the businesses which pollute the environment, or help these businesses "reduce the damage to the environment?
3. Could you recommend some effective measures to tackle the problem?
（分数：1.00）
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正确答案：()
解析：(略)
二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
三、Part A (总题数：1，分数：2.00)
（分数：2.00）
(1).Passage 1（分数：1.00）
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正确答案：()
解析：我很高兴能向建校60周年的贵校表示问候。

贵校是一所名校，已培养了6万多名外语专门人才，包括许多联合国译员。

他们运用自己的技能跨越语言和文化障碍，促进交流。

毕业生中还有成百上千的外交官，他们一直致力于不断加强中国与世界各国的联系，增进中国与世界各国的了解。

//
确实，文明历来是通过知识交流而得到充实，无论是在科学、文化还是在经济领域，都是如此。

在全球化
和信息高速传递的时代，知识和进步之间的联系更加密切了。

知识是发展、社会进步和人类自由的关键因素，在任何领域中，必须允许知识跨越国家界限。

知识本身必须全球化。

你们正在为实现这个目标而努力，这是十分令人高兴的。

[解析]
It gives me great pleasure to send my greetings to your university on the 60th anniversary of its founding. Your esteemed institution has trained more than 60,000 specialists in foreign languages, including many United Nations interpreters and translators, who have used their skills to facilitate communication across linguistic and cultural barriers. Graduates of the University also include hundreds of diplomats, who have worked to build stronger ties and better understanding between China and the world. //
Indeed, civilizations have always been enriched by the exchange of knowledge, whether in the scientific, cultural and economic spheres. In an era of globalization and high-speed communication, the relationship between knowledge and progress has become even stronger. As a key ingredient in development, social progress and human freedom, knowledge in all fields must be allowed to reach across nations. Knowledge itself must be globalized. It is gratifying to know that the University is doing its part in this endeavor.
(2).Passage 2（分数：1.00）
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正确答案：()
解析：显然中美经济关系正在步入一个新阶段。

首先，中美经济的互相依赖程度正在加深。

在越来越多的
经济问题方面，我们都更加需要彼此。

过去五年间，据美国方面的数据，美国对中国的出口额已经从180
亿美元增加到520亿美元，而美国从中国的进口额也从1000亿美元增加到2900亿美元。

此外，美国和中
国也正塑造着全球的能源和环境趋势，当然同时也为其所塑造。

这种塑造与被塑造具有重大的经济意义。

//
其次，贸易和投资曾在很大程度上是双边关系稳定的原因，但现在，它们也正日益成为双方关系紧张的原因。

在20世纪80年代，我们和中国尚未出现明显的贸易紧张局面，主要是因为那个时候我们还没有很多的双边贸易。

从某种意义上讲，我们的贸易紧张正反映了我们关系的成熟及双边贸易与投资的迅速增长。

我们需要确保能够有效地处理好这些紧张关系，使双边经济关系平稳发展。

[解析]
The U. S.-China economic relationship is entering a new phase. First, U. S.-China economic interdependence is deepening. We need each other more and on a broader number of economic issues. Over the past 5 years, according to U. S. data, U.S. exports to China have grown from $18 to $ 52 billion, while U. S. imports from China have grown from $100 billion to $ 290 billion. Moreover, the United States and China are shaping, and being shaped by, global energy and environmental trends, which have strong economic consequences. //
Second, whereas trade and investment were once largely a source of stability in bilateral relations, they are now increasingly also a source of tension. In the 1980s, we didn"t have significant trade tensions with China—mainly because we didn"t have much bilateral trade. In a sense, the fact that we have trade tensions reflects a maturing of our relationship and the rapid growth in bilateral trade and investment. We need to manage those tensions effectively in order to keep
a steady growth of our bilateral economic relationship.
四、Part B (总题数：1，分数：2.00)
（分数：2.00）
(1).Passage 1（分数：1.00）
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正确答案：()
解析：Ladies and Gentlemen, welcome to the second Catering Expo. The Expo is an important showcase that is helpful to pushing forward the exchanges in catering culture between China and the rest of the world. With thousands of years of history, the catering industry in China boasts an extensive, profound and long-lasting culture. In recent years there have been increasingly frequent commercial and cultural exchanges between China and other countries in the world. To some extent, the eastern and western catering cultures are also integrating with each other. //
The Catering Expo will not only be a national event popularizing the Chinese catering culture, but also a stage showcasing the traditional national culture of China as an ancient civilization and a big nation in terms of fine cuisine. We believe that through the concerted efforts of all government departments, industry organizations, and the Chinese and foreign catering enterprises, and the support and assistance of friends from the media, the 2nd China Catering Expo will definitely be a great success. [解析]
女士们，先生们，欢迎参加第二届餐饮博览会。

餐饮博览会是推动中外餐饮文化交流的重要窗口。

餐饮业在我国已有几千年的历史，中华餐饮博大精深，经久不衰。

近年来，中国与世界各国的经济文化交流日益频繁，东西方餐饮文化也在一定程度上得到融合。

//
此次餐饮博览会不仅是一次弘扬中华餐饮文化的全国性盛会，更是一个文明古国、烹饪大国向世人展示民族文化的舞台。

我们相信，通过政府部门、行业组织的共同努力，通过中外广大餐饮企业的积极参与，特别是新闻界朋友们的支持和帮助，第二届餐饮博览会一定会取得圆满成功!
(2).Passage 2（分数：1.00）
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正确答案：()
解析：Paper making marked a preeminent invention of the ancient Chinese working people. Prior to its invention, the Europeans wrote on sheepskin, while the Chinese resorted to bamboo, wood and silk cloth. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun assimilated the previous experiences and carried out many experiments. Eventually he invented a new kind of paper, making full use of scrap materials including bark, worn cloth, fishing nets, etc. Thus, the source of raw materials was
enlarged and the cost was reduced.
Cai Lungs new technique spread quickly, and he was recognized by the later generations as the inventor of paper. By the Jin Dynasty, paper was widely used, taking the place of bamboo slips and silk cloth. During the sixth century A. D. the Chinese paper making technique spread to Korea, Japan and Europe. The production of paper provided a most advantageous condition for the flourish of education, politics, commerce, etc, at that time. [解析]
造纸是中国古代劳动人民的著名发明。

在这之前，欧洲人在羊皮上写字，中国人在竹子、木头和丝布上写字。

在东汉，蔡伦集先前经验，做了许多试验。

最后他充分利用了多种碎料，如树皮、旧布、渔网等，终于发明了一种全新的纸。

这样，拓宽了原材料的来源，降低了成本。

//
蔡伦的新技术迅速传开，他被后世认为是纸的发明者。

到了晋朝，纸被广泛使用，取代了竹片和丝布。

六世纪，中国的造纸术传到韩国、日本、欧洲。

纸的产生为当时教育、政治、商业等的繁荣提供了最有利的条件。