肿瘤英语单词

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mal结尾的单词

mal结尾的单词

mal结尾的单词摘要:一、前言二、关于“mal”的含义三、以“mal”结尾的常见单词1.形容词2.名词3.动词四、总结正文:【前言】在英语中,我们经常会遇到以“mal”结尾的单词。

这些单词通常具有负面的含义。

本文将探讨以“mal”结尾的单词的意义及其用法。

【关于“mal”的含义】“Mal”这个词来源于拉丁语,意为“坏”或“恶”。

在英语中,以“mal”结尾的单词通常表示某种不良的状态、行为或特征。

例如,“错误”(error)、“恶习”(vices)和“恶意”(malice)等。

【以“mal”结尾的常见单词】【形容词】1.malignant(恶性的):表示某种疾病或肿瘤具有恶性特征。

例句:这种肿瘤的细胞具有高度的恶性。

2.malicious(恶意的):表示某人具有恶意或企图伤害他人。

例句:他的行为显然是恶意的,企图陷害我。

3.malevolent(恶毒的):表示某人具有恶毒的意图或感情。

例句:他的眼神中流露出一种恶毒的气息。

【名词】1.malady(疾病):表示某种疾病或病症。

例句:这种罕见的疾病给患者带来了很大的痛苦。

2.malware(恶意软件):表示对计算机或网络安全造成威胁的软件。

例句:为了保护我的电脑,我安装了最新的杀毒软件来防止恶意软件的入侵。

【动词】1.malign(诽谤):表示恶意地中伤或诋毁某人。

例句:他一直在散布关于我朋友的谣言,试图诽谤他们的名誉。

2.malpractice(玩忽职守):表示在职业领域中违反职业道德或法律规定的行为。

例句:那位医生因玩忽职守而被吊销了行医执照。

【总结】以“mal”结尾的单词在英语中非常常见,它们通常表示负面的含义。

了解这些单词的意义和用法有助于我们更准确地表达思想和感情。

大学英语四级单词表--考试必看

大学英语四级单词表--考试必看

大学英语四级词汇表(考试必看)abandon vt.丢弃;放弃,抛弃ability n.能力;能耐,本领abnormal a.不正常的;变态的aboard ad.在船(车)上;上船abroad ad.(在)国外;到处absence n.缺席,不在场;缺乏absent a.不在场的;缺乏的absolute a.绝对的;纯粹的absolutely ad.完全地;绝对地absorb vt.吸收;使专心abstract a.抽象的n.摘要abundant a.丰富的;大量的abuse vt.滥用;虐待n.滥用academic a.学院的;学术的academy n.私立中学;专科院校accelerate vt.(使)加快;促进acceleration n.加速;加速度accent n.口音,腔调;重音acceptable a.可接受的,合意的acceptance n.接受,验收;承认access n.接近;通道,入口accessory n.同谋,从犯;附件accident n.意外的;事故accidental a.偶然的;非本质的accommodate vt.容纳;供应,供给accommodation n.招待设备;预定accompany vt.陪伴,陪同;伴随accomplish vt.达到(目的);完成accord vt.使一致;给予accordance n.一致;和谐;授予accordingly ad.因此,所以;照着account n.记述;解释;帐目accumulate vt.积累vi.堆积accuracy n.准确(性);准确度accurate a.准确的,正确无误的accuse vt.指责;归咎于accustom vt.使习惯accustomed a.惯常的;习惯的achieve vt.完成,实现;达到achievement n.完成;成就,成绩acid n.酸;酸的,酸性的acquaintance n.认识;了解;熟人acquire vt.取得;获得;学到acre n.英亩(=6.07亩) act vi.行动;见效n.行为action n.行动;作用;功能active a.活跃的;积极的activity n.活动;活力;行动actress n.女演员actually ad.实际上;竟然acute a.尖的,锐的;敏锐的adapt vt.使适应;改编add vt.添加,附加,掺加addition n.加,加法;附加物additional a.附加的,追加的address n.地址;演说;谈吐adequate a.足够的;可以胜任的adjective n.形容词a.形容词的adjust vt.调整,调节;校正administration n.管理管理部门admire vt.钦佩,羡慕,赞赏admission n.允许进入;承认admit vt.承认;准许…进入adopt vt.收养;采用;采取advance vi.前进;提高n.进展advanced a.先进的;高级的advantage n.优点,优势;好处adventure n.冒险;惊险活动adverb n.副词advertisement n.广告;登广告advisable n.明智的;可取的advise vt.劝告;建议;通知aeroplane n.飞机affair n.事情,事件;事务affect vt.影响;感动affection n.慈爱,爱;爱慕afford vt.担负得起…;提供African a.非洲的n.非洲人agency n.经办;代理;代理处agent n.代理人,代理商aggressive a.侵略的;好斗的agony n.极度痛苦agreement n.协定,协议;同意agriculture n.农业,农艺;农学aid n.帮助,救护;助手aircraft n.飞机,飞行器airline n.航空公司;航线airplane n.飞机airport n.机场,航空站alarm n.惊恐,忧虑;警报alcohol n.酒精,乙醇allow vt.允许,准许;任alloy n.合金;(金属的)成色alone a.单独的ad.单独地alphabet n.字母表,字母系统alter vt.改变,变更;改做alternative n.替换物;取舍抉择although conj.尽管,虽然altitude n.高,高度;高处altogether ad.完全;总而言之aluminium n.铝amaze vt.使惊奇,使惊愕ambition n.雄心,抱负,野心ambulance n.救护车;野战医院amongst prep在…之中(=among)amount n.总数;数量;和ampere n.安培amplify vt.放大,增强;扩大amuse vt.逗…乐;给…娱乐analyse vt.分析,分解,解析analysis n.分析,分解,解析ancestor n.祖宗,祖先anchor n.锚vi.抛锚,停泊ancient a.古代的,古老的angel n.天使,神差,安琪儿anger n.怒,愤怒vt.使发怒angle n.角,角度angry a.愤怒的,生气的ankle n.踝,踝节部announce vt.宣布,宣告,发表announcer n.宣告者;播音员annoy vt.使恼怒;打搅annual a.每年的n.年报anticipate vt.预料,预期,期望anxiety n.焦虑,忧虑;渴望anxious a.忧虑的;渴望的anyway ad.无论如何apart ad.相隔;分开;除去apartment n.一套公寓房间apologize vi.道歉,谢罪,认错apology n.道歉,认错,谢罪apparatus n.器械,仪器;器官apparent a.表面上的;明显的appeal vi.&n.呼吁;申述appear vi.出现;来到;似乎appearance n.出现,来到;外观appetite n.食欲,胃口;欲望appliance n.用具,器具,器械applicable a.能应用的;适当的application n.请求,申请;施用apply vt.应用,实施,使用appoint vt.任命,委任;约定appointment n.任命;约定,约会appreciate vt.欣赏;领会;感谢approach vt.向…靠近n.靠近appropriate a.适当的,恰当的approval n.赞成,同意;批准approve vt.赞成,称许;批准approximately ad.近似地,大约Arabian a.阿拉伯的arbitrary a.随心所欲的;专断的architecture n.建筑学;建筑式样argument n.争论,辩论;理由arise vi.出现;由…引起arithmetic n.算术,四则运算arouse vt.引起,唤起;唤醒arrangement n.整理,排列;安排arrest vt.逮捕,拘留;阻止arrival n.到达;到来;到达者arrive vi.到达;来临;达到arrow n.箭;箭状物artificial a.人工的;娇揉造作的artist n.艺术家,美术家artistic a.艺术的;艺术家的ash n.灰,灰末;骨灰ashamed a.惭愧(的);羞耻(的)asleep a.睡着的,睡熟的aspect n.方面;样子,外表assemble vt.集合,召集;装配assembly n.集合;集会;装配assess vt.对(财产等)估价assign vt.指派;分配;指定assignment n.任务,指定的作业assist vt.援助,帮助;搀扶assistant n.助手,助理;助教associate vi.交往n.伙伴,同事association n.协会,团体;联合assume vt.假定;承担;呈现assure vt.使确信;向…保证astonish vt.使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut n.宇宙航行员,宇航员athlete n.运动员;田径运动员1Atlantic a.大西洋的n.大西洋atmosphere n.大气;空气;气氛atmospheric a.大气的;大气层的atom n.原子;微粒;微量atomic a.原子的;原子能的attach vt.缚,系,贴;附加attack vt.&vi.&n.攻击,进攻attain vt.达到,获得,完成attempt vt.尝试,试图n.企图attend vt.出席;照顾,护理attention n.注意,留心;注意力attentive a.注意的;有礼貌的attitude n.态度,看法;姿势attract vt.吸引;引起,诱惑attraction n.吸引;吸引力;引力attractive a.有吸引力的attribute vt.把…归因于n.属性audience n.听众,观众,读者August n.八月aural a.耳的,听觉的Australia n.澳大利亚Australian a.澳大利亚的author n.作者,作家authority n.当局,官方;权力auto n.(口语)汽车automatic a.自动的;机械的automation n.自动,自动化automobile n.汽车,机动车auxiliary a.辅助的;附属的available a.可利用的;通用的avenue n.林荫道,道路;大街average n.平均数a.平均的aviation n.航空,航空学avoid vt.避免,躲开;撤消await vt.等候,期待awake a.醒着的vt.唤醒award n.奖,奖品;判定aware a.知道的,意识到的awful a.令人不愉快的awfully ad.令人畏惧的;很awkward a.笨拙的;尴尬的ax n.斧子axis n.轴,轴线;中心线bacteria n.细菌badminton n.羽毛球baggage n.行李bake vt.烤,烘,焙;烧硬balance vt.使平衡;称n.天平band n.乐队;带;波段bang n.巨响,枪声;猛击banner n.旗,旗帜,横幅bar n.酒吧间;条,杆;栅barber n.理发师bare a.赤裸的;仅仅的bargain n.交易vi.议价;成交bark n.吠叫声vi.吠,叫barn n.谷仓;牲口棚barrel n.桶;圆筒;枪管barrier n.栅栏,屏障;障碍basic a.基本的,基础的basically ad.基本上basin n.盆,洗脸盆;盆地basis n.基础,根据bat n.球拍;短棍;蝙蝠bath n.浴,洗澡;浴缸bathe vt.给…洗澡;弄湿bathroom n.浴室;盥洗室battery n.电池;一套,一组battle n.战役;斗争vi.作战bay n.湾;山脉中的凹处B.C. (缩)公元前beach n.海滩,湖滩,河滩beam n.梁;横梁;束,柱bean n.豆,蚕豆bear n.熊;粗鲁的人bear vt.容忍;负担;生育beard n.胡须,络腮胡子beast n.兽,野兽;牲畜beat vt.&vi.打,敲;打败beautiful a.美的,美丽的beef n.牛肉;菜牛beg vt.&vi.乞求;请求beggar n.乞丐,穷人behalf n.利益,维护,支持behave vi.表现,举止;运转behavior n.行为,举止,态度being n.存在;生物;生命belief n.信任,相信;信念believe vt.相信;认为bell n.钟,铃,门铃;钟声belong vi.属于,附属beloved a.为…的爱的n.爱人belt n.带,腰带;皮带;区bench n.长凳,条凳;工作台bend vt.使弯曲vi.弯曲beneath prep.在…下方beneficial a.有利的,有益的benefit n.利益;恩惠;津贴berry n.浆果(如草莓等)beside prep.在…旁边besides ad.而且prep.除…之外bet vt.&vi.&n.打赌betray vt.背叛;辜负;泄漏beyond prep.在…的那边Bible n.基督教《圣经》bill n.账单;招贴;票据billion num.万亿(英)bind vt.捆绑;包扎;装钉biology n.生物学;生态学birthday n.生日,诞生的日期biscuit n.(英)饼干;(美)软饼bite vt.咬,叮,螫;剌穿bitter a.痛苦的;严寒的bitterly ad.苦苦地;悲痛地blade n.刀刃,刀片;叶片blame vt.责备,把…归咎于blank a.空白的n.空白blanket n.毛毯,毯子,羊毛毯blast n.爆炸,冲击波vt.炸blaze n.火;闪光vi.燃烧bleed vi.出血,流血;泌脂blend vt.&vi.&n.混和bless vt.为…祝福blind a.瞎的;盲目的block n.街区vt.堵塞,拦阻bloom n.花;开花,开花期blossom n.花,开花vi.开花blow vi.吹,吹动;吹响boast vi.自夸vt.吹嘘bold a.大胆的;冒失的bolt n.螺栓;插销vt.闩门bomb n.BoB!!! vt.轰炸bond n.联结,联系;公债bone n.骨,骨骼boot n.靴子,长统靴booth n.货摊;公用电话亭border n.边,边缘;边界bore vt.使厌烦;钻,挖born a.天生的;出生的bosom n.胸,胸部;内心boss n.老板,上司vt.指挥bother vt.烦扰,迷惑n.麻烦bough n.树枝bounce vi.反跳,弹起;跳起bound a.一定的;有义务的boundary n.分界线,办界bow n.弓;蝴蝶结;鞠躬bowl n.碗,钵;碗状物box n.箱,盒;包箱;拳击vi.打拳brain n.脑,脑髓;脑力brake n.闸,刹车vi.制动branch n.树枝;分部;分科brand n.商品;烙印vt.铭刻brandy n.白兰地酒brass n.黄铜;黄铜器breadth n.宽度,幅度;幅面breathe vi.呼吸vt.呼吸breed n.品种vt.使繁殖breeze n.微风,和风brick n.砖,砖块;砖状物brief a.简短的;短暂的brighten vt.使发光;使快活brilliant a.光辉的;卓越的brim n.边,边缘;帽沿brisk a.活泼的;清新的bristle n.短而硬的毛;鬃毛Britain n.不列颠,英国British a.不列颠的,英联邦的brittle a.脆的;易损坏的broadcast n.广播,播音broken a.被打碎的,骨折的bronze n.青铜;青铜制品brood n.同窝幼鸟vt.孵(蛋)brook n.小河,溪流broom n.扫帚brow n.额;眉,眉毛brown n.褐色,棕色bruise n.青肿,伤痕;擦伤brush n.刷子,毛刷;画笔brute n.禽兽,畜生bubble n.泡vi.冒泡,沸腾bucket n.水桶;吊桶;铲斗bud n.芽,萌芽;蓓蕾bulb n.电灯泡;球状物2bulk n.物体,容积,大批bull n.公牛;雄的象bullet n.枪弹,子弹,弹丸bunch n.束,球,串;一群bundle n.捆,包,束;包袱burden n.担子,重担;装载量bureau n.局,司,处;社,所burst vt.使爆裂vi.&n.爆炸bury vt.埋葬,葬;埋藏butcher n.屠夫;屠杀者butter n.黄油;奶油butterfly n.蝴蝶button n.扣子;按钮vt.扣紧cabbage n.洋白菜,卷心菜cabin n.小屋;船舱,机舱cabinet n.橱,柜;内阁cable n.缆,索;电缆;电报cafeteria n.自助食堂calculate vt.计算;估计;计划calculator n.计算器,计算者calendar n.日历,历书;历法camel n.骆驼camera n.照相机,摄影机camp n.野营,营地,兵营campaign n.战役;运动campus n.校园,学校场地Canada n.加拿大Canadian a.加拿大的canal n.运河;沟渠;管cancel vt.取消,撤消;删去cancer n.癌,癌症,肿瘤candidate n.候选人;投考者candle n.蜡烛;烛形物;烛光candy n.糖果;砂糖结晶cannon n.大炮,火炮;榴弹炮canoe n.独木舟,皮艇,划子canteen n.小卖部;临时餐室canvas n.粗帆布;一块油画布capable a.有能力的,有才能的capacity n.容量;能力;能量capital n.资本,资金;首都captain n.陆军上尉;队长captive n.俘虏,被监禁的人capture vt.捕获,俘获;夺得carbon n.碳care vi.关心,介意n.小心career n.生涯,职业,经历careful a.仔细的;细致的careless a.粗心的,漫不经心的cargo n.船货,货物carpenter n.木工,木匠carpet n.地毯,毡毯,毛毯carriage n.客车厢;四轮马车carrier n.运输工具;运载工具carrot n.胡罗卜carry vt.携带;运载;传送cart n.二轮运货马车carve vt.刻,雕刻;切开case n.情况;事实;病例case n.箱(子),盒(子),套cash n.现金,现款cassette n.盒式录音带;盒子cast vt.投,扔,抛;浇铸castle n.城堡;巨大建筑物casual a.偶然的;随便的catalog n.目录,目录册catch vt.捉住;赶上;领会cathedral n.总教堂;大教堂cattle n.牛;牲口,家畜cause n.原因,理由;事业cave n.山洞,洞穴,窑洞cease vi.&vi.&n.停止,停息ceiling n.天花板,顶蓬celebrate vt.庆祝;歌颂,赞美cell n.细胞;小房间cellar n.地窑,地下室cement n.水泥;胶泥vt.粘结centigrade a.百分度的centimetre n.公分,厘米central a.中心的;主要的centre n.中心;中枢vt.集中century n.世纪,百年ceremony n.典礼,仪式;礼节certainly ad.一定,必定;当然certainty n.必然;肯定certificate n.证书,证件,执照chain n.链,链条,项圈challenge n.挑战;要求,需要chamber n.会议室;房间;腔champion n.冠军,得胜者chance n.机会,机遇;可能性change n.改变,变化;零钱channel n.海峡;渠道;频道chapter n.章,回,篇character n.性格;特性;角色characteristic a.特有的n.特性charge vt.索价;控告n.费用charity n.施舍;慈善事业charming a.迷人的,可爱的chart n.图,图表;海图chase n.追逐,追赶,追求cheap a.廉价的;劣质的cheat vt.骗取;哄vi.行骗check vt.检查;制止n.检查cheek n.面颊,脸蛋cheer vt.使振作;欢呼cheerful a.快乐的,愉快的cheese n.乳酪,干酪chemical a.化学的n.化学制品chemist n.化学家;药剂师chemistry n.化学cheque n.支票cherry n.樱桃;樱桃树chess n.棋;国际象棋chest n.胸腔,胸膛;箱子chew vt.咀嚼,嚼碎chicken n.小鸡,小鸟;鸡肉chief a.主要的;首席的childhood n.童年,幼年;早期childish a.孩子的;幼稚的chill vt.使变冷n.寒冷chimney n.烟囱,烟筒;玻璃罩chin n.颏,下巴china n.瓷器,瓷料chocolate n.巧克力;巧克力糖choice n.选择,抉择choke vt.使窒息;塞满choose vt.选择,挑选;情愿chop vt.砍,劈;切细vi.砍Christian n.基督教徒;信徒Christmas n.圣诞节cigarette n.香烟,纸烟,卷烟cinema n.电影院;电影,影片circuit n.电路;环行;巡行circular a.圆的;循环的circulate vt.使循环vi.循环circumference n.圆周,周长,圆周线circumstance n.情况,条件;境遇citizen n.公民;市民,居民civil a.公民的;文职的civilization n.文明,文化;开化civilize vt.使文明;教育claim vt.声称,主张;索取clap vi.拍手vt.拍,轻拍clarify vt.澄清,阐明clasp n.扣子,钩子;别针classical a.古典的;经典的classification n.分类分级;分类法classify vt.把…分类classmate n.同班同学classroom n.教室,课堂claw n.爪,脚爪,螯clay n.粘土,泥土;肉体clean a.清洁的;纯洁的clear a.清晰的vt.清除clearly ad.明白地,清晰地clerk n.店员;办事员,职员clever a.聪明的;机敏的cliff n.悬崖,峭壁climate n.气候;风土,地带climb vi.攀登,爬vt.爬cloak n.斗篷;覆盖(物)closely ad.紧密地,接近地clothe vt.给…穿衣服clue n.线索,暗示,提示clumsy a.笨拙的;愚笨的coach n.长途公共汽车coal n.煤,煤块coarse a.粗的,粗糙的coast n.海岸,海滨(地区)cock n.公鸡;雄禽;旋塞code n.准则;法典;代码coffee n.咖啡,咖啡茶coil n.(一)卷;线圈vt.卷coin n.硬币;铸造(硬币)collapse vi.倒坍;崩溃,瓦解collar n.衣领,项圈colleague n.同事,同僚collect vt.收集vi.收款collection n.搜集,收集;收藏品collective a.集体的;集合性的college n.学院;大学collision n.碰撞;冲突3colonel n.陆军上校;中校colony n.殖民地;侨居地color n.颜色,彩色;颜料column n.柱,支柱,圆柱comb n.梳子vt.梳理combination n.结合,联合;化合combine vt.使结合;兼有comfort n.舒适;安慰vt.安慰comfortable a.舒适的,安慰的command vt.命令,指挥;控制commander n.司令官,指挥员comment n.评论,意见;注释commerce n.商业,贸易;社交commercial a.商业的;商品化的commission n.委任状;委员会commit vt.犯(错误);干(坏事) committee n.委员会;全体委员common a.普通的;共同的commonly ad.普通地,一般地communicate vi.通讯;传达;传播communication n.通讯;传达;交通communism munist主义communist munistparty员community n.社区;社会;公社companion n.同伴;共事者;伴侣company n.公司,商号;同伴comparative a.比较的,相对的compare vt.比较,对照;比作comparison n.比较,对照;比似compass n.罗盘,指南针;圆规compel vt.强迫,迫使屈服compete vi.比赛;竞争;对抗competent a.有能力的;应该做的competition n.竞争,比赛compile vt.编辑,编制,搜集complain vi.抱怨,拆苦;控告complaint n.抱怨;怨言;控告complete a.完整的;完成的completely ad.十分,完全地complex a.结合的;复杂的complicate vt.使复杂;使陷入complicated a.复杂的,难懂的component n.组成部分;分;组件compose vt.组成,构成;创作composition n.构成;作品;写作compound n.化合物;复合词comprehension n.理解;领悟comprehensive a.广泛;理解的compress vt.压紧,压缩comprise vt.包含,包括;构成compromise n.妥协,和解compute vt.计算,估计,估算computer n.计算机,电脑comrade n.同志,亲密的同伴conceal vt.把…隐藏起来concentrate vt.集中;聚集;浓缩concentration n.集中;专注;浓缩concept n.概念,观念,设想concern n.关心,挂念;关系concerning prep.关于concert n.音乐会,演奏会conclude vt.推断出;结束conclusion n.结论,推论;结尾concrete n.混凝土;具体物condemn vt.谴责,指责;判刑condense vt.压缩,使缩短condition n.状况,状态;环境conduct n.举止,行为;指导conductor n.售票员;(乐队)指挥conference n.会议,讨论会confess vt.供认,承认;坦白confidence n.信任;信赖;信心confident n.确信的,自信的confine vt.限制;禁闭confirm vt.证实,肯定;批准conflict n.争论;冲突;斗争confuse vt.使混乱,混淆confusion n.混乱;骚乱;混淆congratulate vt.祝贺,向…道喜congratulation n.祝贺;祝贺词congress n.大会;国会,议会conjunction n.接合,连接词connect vt.连接,连结;联系connection n.连接联系;连贯性conquer vt.征服,战胜;破除conquest n.攻取,征服;克服conscience n.良心,道德心conscious a.意识到的;有意的consciousness n.意识觉悟;知觉consent n.同意,赞成vi.同意consequence n.结果,后果consequently ad.因此,因而,所以conservation n.保存,保护;守恒conservative a.保守的n.保守的人consider vt.认为;考虑;关心considerable a.相当大的;重要的considerate a.考虑周到的;体谅的consideration n.考虑,思考;体贴consist vi.由…组成;在于consistent a.坚持的,一贯的constant a.经常的;永恒的constitution n.章程;体质;构造construct vt.建造;建设;构筑construction n.建造;建筑;建筑物consult vt.请教,查阅consume vt.消耗,消费;消灭consumption n.消耗量;消耗contact vt.使接触;与…联系contain vt.包含,容纳;等于container n.容器;集装箱contemporary a.当代,同时代的contempt n.轻蔑;藐视;受辱content n.内容,目录;容量content a.满意的,满足的contest vt.争夺,争取;辩驳continent n.大陆;陆地;洲continual a.不断的;连续的continue vt.继续,连续;延伸continuous a.连续不断,持续的contract n.契约,合同;婚约contradiction n.不一致否认contrary a.相反的n.相反contrast n.对比,对照,悬殊contribute vt.捐献,捐助;投稿control vt.控制,克制n.控制convenience n.便利,方便;厕所convenient a.便利的;近便的convention n.习俗,惯例;公约conventional a.普通的;习惯的conversation n.会话,非正式会谈conversely ad.相反地conversion n.转变,转化;改变convert vt.使转变;使改变convey vt.传送;运送;传播convince vt.使确信,使信服cook vt.烹调,煮vt.烧菜cooperate vi.合作,协作;配合coordinate vt.使协调,调节cope vi.对付,应付copper n.铜;铜币,铜制器copy n.抄件vt.抄写,复制cord n. 细绳,粗线,索cordial a.真诚的,诚恳的core n.果实的心,核心corn n.谷物;(英)小麦corner n.角;犄角;边远地区corporation n.公司,企业;社团correct a.正确的vt.纠正correction n.改正,纠正,修改correspond vi.相符合;相当correspondent n.通信者;通讯员corresponding a.相应的;符合的corridor n.走廊,回廊,通路cost n.价格,代价;成本costly a.昂贵的;价值高的cottage n.村舍,小屋cotton n.棉;棉线;棉布council n.理事会,委员会count vt.计算vi.数,计数counter n.柜台;计数器county n.英国的郡,美国的县course n.课程;过程;一道菜court n.法院,法庭;庭院cousin n.堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹)coward n.懦夫;胆怯者crack n.裂缝,裂纹vi.爆裂craft n.工艺;手艺,行业crane n.起重机,摄影升降机crash vi.碰撞,坠落n.碰撞crawl vi.爬,爬行crazy a.疯狂的,荒唐的cream n.奶油,乳脂;奶油色create vt.创造;引起,产生4creative a.创造性的,创作的creature n.生物,动物,家畜credit n.信用贷款;信用creep vi.爬行;缓慢地行进crew n.全体船员cricket n.板球;蟋蟀crime n.罪,罪行;犯罪criminal n.犯人,罪犯,刑事犯cripple n.跛子;残废的人crisis n.危机;存亡之际critic n.批评家,爱挑剔的人critical a.决定性的;批评的criticism n.批评;批判;评论criticize vt.批评;评论;非难crop n.农作物,庄稼;一熟crow n.鸦,乌鸦vi.啼crowd n.群;大众;一伙人crown n.王冠,冕;花冠crude a.简陋的;天然的cruel a.残忍的,残酷的crush vt.压碎,碾碎;镇压crust n.面包皮;硬外皮crystal n.水晶,结晶体;晶粒cube n.立方形;立方cubic a.立方形的;立方的cucumber n.黄瓜cultivate vt.耕;种植;培养culture n.文化,文明;教养cunning a.狡猾的,狡诈的cupboard n.碗柜,碗碟橱;食橱cure vt.医治;消除n.治愈curiosity n.好奇,好奇心;珍品curious a.好奇的;稀奇古怪的curl n.卷毛;螺旋vi.卷曲current a.当前的;通用的curse n.诅咒,咒骂;天谴curtain n.帘,窗帘;幕(布) curve n.曲线;弯vt.弄弯cushion n.垫子,坐垫,靠垫custom n.习惯,风俗;海关customer n.顾客,主顾cycle n自行车,循环daily a.每日的n.日报dairy n.牛奶场;乳制品dam n.水坝,水堤;障碍物damage vt.损害,毁坏n.损害damp a.潮湿的,有湿气的dangerous a.危险的,不安全的daring a.大胆的,勇敢的darling n.亲爱的人;宠儿dash vt.使猛撞;溅n.猛冲data n.数据; 资料dawn n.黎明;开端vi.破晓deadly a.致命的,死一般的deal n.买卖;待遇vt.给予dear a.亲爱的int.啊death n.死,死亡;灭亡debate n.&vi.争论,辩论debt n.债,债务,欠债decade n.十年,十年期decay vi.腐烂;衰败n.腐烂deceit n.欺骗,欺诈deceive vt.欺骗,蒙蔽,行骗December n.十二月decent a.正派的;体面的decide vt.决定,决心;解决decision n.决定,决心;果断deck n.甲板;舱面;层面declare vt.断言;声明;表明decorate vt.装饰,装璜,修饰decrease vi.&n.减少,减少deduce vt.演绎,推论,推断deed n.行为;功绩;契约deepen vt.加深vi.深化defeat vt.战胜,击败;挫败defect n.缺点,缺陷,欠缺defence n.防御;防务;辩护defend vt.保卫,防守define vt.给…下定义;限定definite a.明确的;肯定的definitely ad.一定地,明确地definition n.定义,释义;定界degree n. 程度;度;学位delay vt. 推迟;耽搁;延误delete vi. 删除vt.删除;擦掉delegation n.代表团delicate a.纤细的;易碎的delicious a.美味的,怡人的delight n.快乐vt.使高兴deliver vt.投递,送交;发表delivery n.投递;交付;分娩demand vt.要求;需要;询问democracy n.民主,民主制democratic a.民主的民主政体demonstrate vt.说明论证;表露dense a.密集的;浓厚的density n.密集,稠密;密度deny vt.否定;拒绝相信depart vi.离开,起程;出发department n.部,司局,处,系departure n.离开,出发,起程depend vi.依靠,依赖;相信dependent a.依靠的,依赖的deposit vt.使沉淀;存放depress vt.使沮丧;按下depth n.深度;深厚;深处derive vt.取得vi.起源descend vi.下来,下降;下倾describe vt.形容;描写,描绘description n.描写,形容;种类desert n.沙漠vt.离弃;擅离deserve vt.应受,值得design vt.设计n.设计;图样desirable a.值得相望的;可取的desire vt.相望;要求n.愿望despair n.绝望vi.绝望desperate a.拼死的;绝望的despise vt.鄙视,蔑视despite prep.不管,不顾destination n.目的地,终点;目标destroy vt.破坏;消灭;打破destruction n.破坏,毁灭,消灭detail n.细节;枝节;零件detect vt.察觉,发觉;侦察detection n.察觉,发觉;侦察determination n.决心;决定;确定determine vt.决定;查明;决心develop vt.发展;形成;开发development n.发展;开发;生长device n.器械,装置;设计devil n.魔鬼,恶魔devise vt.设计,发明devote vt.将…奉献,致力于dew n.露,露水diagram n.图解,图表,简图dial n.钟面;拨号盘vt.拨dialect n.方言,土语,地方话dialog n.对话,对白diameter n.直径diamond n.金钢石,钻石;菱形diary n.日记,日记簿dictate vt.&vi.口授;命令dictation n.口授笔录,听写dictionary n.词典,字典differ vi.不同,相异difference n.差别;差;分歧different a.差异的;各种的difficult a.困难的;难对付的difficulty a.困难;难事;困境digest vt.消化;领会n.文摘digital a.数字的,计数的diligent a.勤勉的,勤奋的dim a.昏暗的;朦胧的dimension n.尺寸,尺度;面积dinner n.正餐,主餐;宴会dip vt.浸,蘸vi.浸一浸direct a.直接的;直率的direction n.方向,方位;指导directly ad.直接地;立即director n.指导者;理事;导演dirt n.尘,土;污物,污垢dirty a.脏的;下流的disable vt.使无能,使伤残disadvantage n.不利,不利地位disagree vi.有分歧;不一致disappear vi.不见,失踪;消失disappoint vt.使失望,使受挫折disaster n.灾难,灾祸;天灾disk n.圆盘,唱片;磁盘discard vt.丢弃,抛弃,遗弃discharge vt.释放;排出n.释放discipline n.纪律;训练vt.训练disclose vt.揭开,揭发;透露discourage vt.使泄气,使灰心discover vt.发现;暴露,显示discovery n.发现;被发现的事物discuss vt.讨论,谈论;论述disease n.病,疾病;病害disguise vi.隐瞒,掩埋n.假装disgust n.厌恶,憎恶dish n.碟,盘子;菜肴5dishonour n.不光彩;丢脸的人dismiss vt.不再考虑;解雇disorder n.混乱,杂乱;骚乱display vt.陈列,展览;显示disposal n.丢掉,处理,销毁dispose vi.去掉,丢掉;销毁displease vt.使不愉快,使生气dispute vi.争论,争执n.争论dissatisfy vi.使不满,使不平dissolve vt.使溶解;解散distance n.距离,间距;远处distant a.在远处的,疏远的distinct a.与其他不同的distinction n.差别,不同,区分distinguish vt.区别,辨别,认别distress n.忧虑,悲伤;不幸distribute vt.分发,分送;分布distribution n.分发,分配;分布district n.区;地区,区域disturb vt.打扰,扰乱;弄乱ditch n.沟,沟渠,渠道dive vi.跳水;潜水;俯冲diverse a.不一样的,相异的divide vt.分;分配;分开division n.分,分配;除法divorce n.离婚,离异vi.离婚dock n.船坞;码头;船厂domestic a.本国的;家庭的donkey n.驴;笨蛋dorm n.宿舍dormitory n.集体寝室;宿舍dose n.剂量,用量;一剂dot n.点,圆点vt.打点于doubt n.怀疑;疑虑vt.怀疑doubtful a.难以预测的;怀疑的doubtless ad.无疑地;很可能downward a.向下的ad.向下地dozen n.一打,十二个draft n.草稿;汇票vt.起草drag vt.拖,拉;拖曳dragon n.龙;凶暴的人drain vt.排去;放水n.耗竭drama n.一出戏剧,剧本dramatic a.引人注目的,戏剧的draw vt.画,划;拖;拨出drawer n.抽屉drawing n.图画,素描;绘图dread n.畏惧;KB vt.惧怕dream n.梦;梦想vi.做梦dress n.女服,童装;服装drift vi.漂流,漂泊n.漂流drill n.钻头;操练vi.钻孔drink vt.饮vi.喝n.饮料drip vi.滴下;漏水n.水滴drop vt.使落下;降低drought n.旱灾,干旱drown vi.淹死,溺死drug n.药,药物,药材drum n.鼓;鼓状物,圆桶drunk a.醉的;陶醉的dry a.干的,干燥的due a.预期的;应给的dull a.枯燥的;不鲜明的dumb a.哑的;无言的dump vt.倾卸,倾倒;倾销durable a.耐久的,耐用的duration n.持续,持久during prep.在…期间dwelling n.住处,寓所dye vt.染n.染料;染色dying a.垂死的;临终的dynamic a.有活力的;动力的each pron.各,各自a.各eager a.渴望的,热切的eagle n.鹰ear n.耳朵;听力,听觉early ad.早a.早的,早期的earn vt.赚得,挣得;获得earnest a.认真的,诚恳的earthquake n.地震;大震荡ease n.容易,舒适vt.缓和easily ad.容易地;舒适的eastern a.东方的;朝东的echo n.回声,反响vi.重复economic a.经济的,经济学的economical a.节约的;经济学的economy n.经济;节约,节省edge n.边缘,边;刀口edition n.版,版本,版次editor n.编辑,编者,校订者educate vt.教育;培养;训练education n.教育训导;教育学effect n.结果;效果,效力effective a.有效的;有影响的efficiency n.效率;功效,效能efficient a.效率高的,有能力的effort n.努力;努力的成果elaborate a.复杂的;精心制作的elastic n.松紧带a.有弹性的elbow n.肘,肘部;弯管elect vt.选举,推选;选择election n.选举,选择权;当选electric a.电的,电动的electrical a.电的,电气科学的electricity n.电,电学;电流electron n.电子electronic a.电子的electronics n.电子学element n.成分;要素;元素elementary a.基本的;初级的elephant n.象elevator n.电梯;升降机eliminate vt.消灭,消除,排除elimination n.消灭,排除,消除else ad.其它,另外a.别的elsewhere ad.在别处,向别处embarrass vt.使窘迫,使为难embrace vt.拥抱;包括;包围emerge vi.出现,涌现;冒出emergency n.紧急情况,突然事件emit vt.散发;发射;发表emotional a.感情的,情绪的emperor n.皇帝emphasis n.强调,重点,重要性emphasize vt.强调,着重empire n.帝国employ vi.雇用;用;使忙于employee n.受雇者,雇员,雇工employer n.雇佣者,雇主employment n.工业;雇用;使用enclose vt.围住,圈起;附上encounter vt.遭遇,遇到n.遭遇encourage vt.鼓励,支持,助长endure vt.忍受;容忍enemy n.敌人;仇敌;敌兵energy n.活力;精力;能enforce vt.实施,执行;强制engage vt.使从事于;聘用engine n.发动机,引擎;机车engineer n.工程师,技师engineering n.工程,工程学enlarge vt.扩大,扩展;放大enormous a.巨大的,庞大的ensure vt.保证;保护;赋予entertain vt.使欢乐;招待enthusiasm n.热情,热心,热忱enthusiastic a.热情的,热心的entire a.全部的,整个的entitle vt.给…权利(或资格)entrance n.入口,门口;进入entry n.入口处;登记;进入envelope n.信封;封套;封皮environment n.环境,外界;围绕envy vt.&n.妒忌;羡慕equal a.相等的;平等的equality n.等同,平等;相等equation n.方程(式);等式equip vt.装备,配备equipment n.装备,设备,配备equivalent a.相等的;等量的era n.时代,年代;纪元erect vt.建造;使竖立error n.错误,谬误;差错escape vi.逃跑;逸出n.逃跑especially ad.特别,尤其,格外essay n.短文,散文,小品文essential a.必要的,本质的establish vt.建立,设立;确立establishment n.建立,设立,确立estimate vt.估计,评价n.估计European a.欧洲的n.欧洲人evaluate vt.评价,估…的价evaporate vt.使蒸发vi.蒸发eve n.前夜,前夕,前一刻even ad.甚至;甚至更,还even a.均匀的;平的event n.事件,大事;事变eventually ad.终于;最后ever ad.在任何时候;曾经evidence n.根据;证据,证人evident a.明显的,明白的evil n.邪恶;祸害a.坏的evolution n.进化,演化;发展evolve vt.使进化;使发展6exactly ad.确切地;恰恰正是exaggerate vt.&vi.夸大,夸张examination n.考试;检查,细查examine vt.检查,仔细观察example n.例子,实例;模范exceed vt.超过,胜过;超出exceedingly ad.极端地,非常excellent a.优秀的,杰出的except prep.除…之外exception n.例外,除外excess n.超越;过量;过度excessive a.过多的,极度的exchange vt.交换;交流n.交换excite vt.使激动;引起exciting a.令人兴奋的exclaim vi.呼喊;惊叫exclude vt.把…排除在外exclusively ad.专门地excursion n.远足;短途旅行excuse vt.原谅;免除n.借口execute vt.将…处死;实施executive a.执行的n.执行者exercise n.锻炼,训练vi.练习exert vt.尽(力),运用exhaust vt.使筋疲力尽;用尽exhibit vt.显示;陈列,展览exhibition n.展览,陈列;展览会exist vi.存在;生存,生活existence n.存在,实在;生存exit n.出口;退场vi.退出expand vt.扩大;使膨胀expansion n.扩大,扩充;扩张expect vt.预料,预期;等待expectation n.期待,期望,预期expense n.花费,消费;费用expensive a.昂贵的,花钱多的experience n.经验,感受;经历experiment n.实验;试验experimental a.实验的,试验的expert n.专家a.熟练的explain vt.解释;为…辩解explanation n.解释,说明;辩解explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸exploit vt.剥削;利用;开拓explore vt.&vi.探险,探索explosion n.爆炸,爆发,炸裂explosive n.de-tona-tor a.爆炸的export vt.输出,出口;运走expose vt.使暴露;揭露exposure n.暴露;揭露;曝光express vt.表示n.快车,快递expression n.词句;表达;表情extend vt.延长;扩大;致extension n.延长部分;伸展extensive a.广阔的;广泛的extent n.广度;范围;程度exterior a.外部的;对外的external a.外部的,外面的extra a.额外的ad.特别地extraordinary a.非同寻常的,特别的extreme a.极度的;尽头的extremely ad.极端,极其,非常eyesight n.视力,目力facility n.设备;容易;便利factor n.因素;因子,系数faculty n.才能,能力;系,科fade vi.褪色;逐渐消失Fahrenheit n.华氏温度计failure n.失败;失败的人faint a.微弱的;虚弱的fair n.定期集市;博览会fairly ad.相当;公平地faith n.信任,信心;信仰faithful a.忠诚的;如实的false a.不真实的;伪造的fame n.名声,名望familiar a.熟悉的;冒昧的famine n.饥荒;严重的缺乏famous a.著名的,出名的fan n.(运动等)狂热爱好者fan n.扇子,风扇vt.扇fancy n.想象力;设想;爱好fare n.车费,船费,票价farewell int.再会n.告别fashion n.样子,方式;风尚fashionable a.流行的,时髦的fasten vt.扎牢,扣住fatal a.致命的;命运的fate n.命运,天数father n.父亲;神父;创始人father-in-law n.岳父;公公fatigue n.疲劳,劳累fault n.缺点;过失;故障faulty a.有错误的,有缺点的favour n.好感;赞同;恩惠favourable a.有利的;赞成的favourite a.特别受喜爱的fear n.害怕;担心vt.害怕fearful a.害怕的,可怕的feasible a.可行的;可能的feast n.盛宴,筵席;节日feather n.羽毛;翎毛;羽状物feature n.特征,特色;面貌February n.二月federal a.联邦的;联盟的fee n.费,酬金;赏金feeble a.虚弱的;微弱的feed vt.喂(养) vi.吃饲料feedback n.回授,反馈,反应feel vi.有知觉vt.触,摸feeling n.感情;感觉,知觉fellow n.人,家伙;伙伴female n.雌性的动物;女子fence n.栅栏fertile a.肥沃的;多产的fertilizer n.肥料festival n.节日;音乐节fetch vt.拿来;请来,接去fever n.发热,发烧;狂热fibre n.纤维,纤维质fiction n.小说;虚构,杜撰fierce a.凶猛的,狂热的figure n.数字;外形;人物file n.档案vt.把…归档fill vt.装满,盛满;占满film n.影片;胶卷;薄层filter vt.过滤n.滤纸final a.最后的;决定性的finally ad.最后;不可更改的finance n.财政,金融;财源financial a.财政的,金融的find vt.找到;发觉;找出finding n.发现;调查的结果fine a.美好的;纤细的;罚金,罚款finger n.手指;指状物finish vt.完成,结束n.结束fireman n.消防队员;司炉工firm n.商行,商号,公司first num.第一ad.最初fish n.鱼,鱼肉vi.钓鱼fisherman n.渔民,渔夫,打鱼人fist n.拳(头)fit vt.适合;安装vi.适合fix vt.使固定;决定flag n.旗,旗帜;旗舰旗flame n.火焰;光辉;热情flare vi.闪耀vt.使闪亮flash n.闪光vi.闪,闪烁flat a.平的,扁平的flat n.一套房间;单元住宅flavour n.味,味道;风味fleet n.舰队;船队,机群flesh n.肉,肌肉;肉体flexible a.易弯曲的;灵活的flight n.航班;飞行;逃跑float vi.漂浮vt.使漂浮flock n.羊群,群;大量flood n.洪水vt.淹没flour n.面粉,粉;粉状物质flourish vi.繁荣,茂盛,兴旺flow vi.流动;飘垂;涨潮flower n.花,花卉;开花flu n.流行性感冒fluent a.流利的,流畅的fluid n.流体,液体flush vi.奔流;(脸)发红focus vi.聚焦,注视n.焦点fold vt.折叠;合拢n.褶folk n.人们,家属,亲属follow vt.跟随;结果是following a.接着的;下列的fond a.喜爱的;溺爱的food n.食物,食品,养料fool n.蠢人,傻子vt.欺骗foolish a.愚蠢的;鲁莽的forbid vt.禁止,不许;阻止force vt.强迫n.力,力量forecast n.预测,预报vt.预示forehead n.额头,前部foreign a.外国的;外来的foreigner n.外国人foremost a.最初的;第一流的forest n.森林;森林地带forever ad.永远,总是,老是forget vt.忘记,遗忘forgive vt.原谅,饶恕,宽恕fork n.餐叉;叉;分叉form n.形式;形状vt.形成formal a.正式的;礼仪上的formation n.形成;构成;形成物former a.在前的n.前者formula n.公式,式forth ad.向前;向外,往外fortnight n.两星期,十四天fortunate a.幸运的,侥幸的fortunately ad.幸运地,幸亏fortune n.命运,运气;财产forty num.四十,第四十forward ad.向前;今后,往后found vt.创立,创办;建立foundation n.基础;地基;基金fountain n.泉水,喷泉;源泉four num.四,四个,第四fourteen num.十四,第十四fourth num.第四,四分之一fox n.狐狸;狡猾的人fraction n.小部分;片断;分数fragment n.碎片,破片,碎块frame n.框架,框子;构架framework n.框架,构架,结构France n.法国,法兰西frank a.坦白的,直率的freedom n.自由;自主freely ad.自由地;直率地freeze vi.冻;结冻vt.使结冰freight n.货运;货物;运费French a.法国的n.法国人frequency n.屡次;次数;频率frequent a.时常发生的;经常的frequently ad.时常,常常fresh a.新的;新鲜的friction n.摩擦,摩擦力fridge n.电冰箱friendly a.友好的,友谊的friendship n.友谊,友好frighten vt.使惊恐,吓唬frog n.蛙frontier n.边境;边疆;新领域frost n.冰冻,严寒;霜frown vi.皱眉,蹙额fruit n.水果;果实;成果fruitful a.多产的;肥沃的fry vt.油煎,油炸,油炒fuel n.燃料vt.给…加燃料fulfil vt.履行;满足;完成full a.满的;完全的fun n.乐趣,娱乐;玩笑function n.功能;职务;函数fund n.资金;基金;存款fundamental a.基础的,基本的funeral n.葬礼,丧礼,丧葬funny a.古怪的;滑稽的fur n.软毛;毛皮,裘皮furious a.狂怒的;狂暴的furnace n.炉子,熔炉;鼓风炉furnish vt.供应,提供;装备furniture n.家具;装置,设备further ad.更远地a.更远的furthermore ad.而且,此外future n.将来,未来;前途gain vt.获得;增加n.增进gallery n.长廊,游廊;画廊gallon n.加仑game n.游戏;比赛;猎物gang n.一帮,一伙gap n.缺口;间隔;差距garage n.车库;加油站garbage n.垃圾,污物,废料gardener n.园丁,花匠gas n.煤气;气体;汽油gaseous a.气体的,气态的gasoline n.(美)汽油gasp vi.气喘,喘息gauge vt.量,测量n.量器7。

常见疾病和身体部英语位词汇

常见疾病和身体部英语位词汇

同学们,下面是一些常见疾病和常见人体器官的单词。

有些人体器官的单词我不方便在课上给大家讲解,但在这里都列出来了,常见器官大家要记住,其它的可以留作日后需要时使用。

在此基础上大家自行补充,可以做成人体器官及疾病小词典。

常见疾病英语词汇头痛headache 感冒cold咳嗽cough 肺炎pneumonia肝炎hepatitis 脑膜炎brain fever/meningitis膀胱炎cystitis急性胃炎acute gastritis胃炎gastritis气管炎trachitis支气管炎bronchitis阑尾炎appendicitis胃肠炎gastroenteritis乳腺炎mastitis肿瘤tumor癌症cancer禽流感bird flu/avian influenza非典SARS(Severe AcuteRespiratarySyndrome)疯牛病mad cow disease黑死病black death白血病leukemia爱滋病AIDS(Acquired ImmuneDeficiency Syndrome)流感influenza白内障cataract狂犬病rabies中风stroke冠心病coronary heart disease糖尿病diabetes肺癌lung cancer肝癌liver cancer肺结核pulmonary tuberculosis肝硬化hepatocirrhosis慢性病chronic肺气肿emphysema胃癌cancer of stomach胃病stomach trouble心脏病heart disease发烧fever常见人体器官单词:head 头hair 头发face 脸cheek 脸颊ear耳eye眼lid眼睑nose鼻子mouth 嘴lip嘴唇throat咽喉tonsil 扁桃腺tooth 牙齿denture 假齿gum 牙龈tongue 舌头neck 脖子skull 颅骨, 头盖骨brain 脑chew下巴forehead 额头temple 太阳穴mustache 小胡子beard 山羊胡whisker 络腮胡sidebums 鬓角bald head 秃头wrinkle皱纹mole痣freckle 雀斑dimple 酒涡pimple 粉刺chest 胸部navel 肚脐abdomen腹部shoulder 肩back 背waist 腰hip 臀部buttom 屁股collarbone 锁骨rib 肋骨backbone 脊骨, 脊柱breastbone 胸骨joint 关节pelvis 骨盆sinew 腱muscle 肌肉bone 骨skeleton骨骼blood vessel 血管vein 静脉artery 动脉capillary毛细血管nerve神经spinal marrow 脊髓kidney 肾脏 windpipe 气管lung 肺heart 心脏diaphragm 隔膜organ器官gullet 食道stomach 胃liver 肝脏gall 胆囊spleen 脾duodenum 十二指肠small intestine 小肠large intestine 大肠appendix 盲肠rectum 直肠thumb 大拇指forefinger 食指middle finger中指ring finger 无名指little finger小指palm手掌nail 指甲fist拳头knuckle指关节back 手背wrist 手腕elbow 肘armpit 腋下thigh 大腿kneecap 膝盖骨thigh 大腿knee 膝盖shank 小腿calf 小腿肚foot 脚instep 脚背toe 脚趾ankle 踝heel 脚后跟sole 脚底arch 脚掌心cerebral大脑的cerebral death 大脑死亡chromosome 染色体urethra尿道penis 阴茎sperm 精液scrotum阴囊testicle睾丸bladder 膀胱private parts 阴部virgina阴道ovary 卵巢womb 子宫pubic hair 阴毛armpit hair 腋毛nasal hair 鼻毛眼屎gum 耳屎earwax鼻屎booger。

肝胆外科文献常用英语单词

肝胆外科文献常用英语单词

肝胆外科文献常用英语单词The document was finally revised on 2021文献生词malignancy 恶性,恶性肿瘤hepatectomy 肝切除术bilirubin 胆红素bilirubinemia 胆红素血症Hyperbilirubinemia 高胆红素血症Indocyanine green 吲哚花青绿indocyanine green retention 靛青绿滞留量试验hepatic insufficiency 肝功能不全,肝功能衰退jaundice 黄疸retrospective review 回顾性调查intraoperative 手术中的,术中parameters 参数Logistic Regression Logistic回归prognosis 预后prognostic 预后的hilar 门的,脐的cholangiocarcinoma 胆管上皮癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 肝内胆管癌anatomic 解剖的,解剖学的hepatic hilus 肝门perioperative 围手术期的indication 适应证,指征curative 治愈的resection 切除术likelihood 可能性liver function 肝功能metastasis 转移hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌unexpected 意外的,忽然的cholestasis 胆汁淤积biliary drainage 胆汁引流extended hemihepatectomy 扩大半肝切除术Trisegmentectomy 三段切除Chronic viral hepatitis 慢性病毒性肝炎cirrhosis 肝硬化serum 免疫血清,血清on admission 入院时,住医院时percutaneous 经皮的transhepatic 经肝的endoscopic biliary drainage 内镜胆管引流,内镜胆管引流术,endoscopic 内窥镜的;内窥镜检查的drainage tube 引流管,排液管portal vein 门(静)脉embolization 栓塞,栓塞术,栓子形成peritoneal 腹膜的dissemination 播散,散布laparotomy 剖腹手术distant metastasis 远端转移Surgical Procedures 外科手术anastomosis 吻合术enteric 肠的in terms of 以…的观点;以…的方式hemorrhage 出血hemorrhagic 出血性的hemolysis 溶血hemolytic 溶血的hematology 血液学hematological 血液的hemodynamics 血流动力学coagulation status 高凝状态prothrombin time 凝血酶原时间activated partial thromboplastin time 激活部分促凝血酶原激酶时间antithrombin 抗凝血酶thrombolytic 溶血栓药,血栓溶解剂duration 持续时间;期间nonlinear least squares method 非线性最小平方法natural logarithm 自然对数categorize 分类galactose tolerance test 半乳糖耐量试验half life 半衰期computed tomography scan 计算机体层摄影扫描,CT扫描contrast medium 对比剂,造影剂bolus 推注integrated software 集成软件variables 变量continuous variable 连续变量categorical variable 分类变量univariate 单变量multivariate 多变量univariate analysis 单变量分析multivariate analysis 多元分析,多元统计分析stepwise procedure 逐步过程chi square test χ2检验,卡方检验,cutoff value 截断值Odds Ratio 比值比Mann Whitney test 曼-怀二氏检验tailed 有…尾的receiver operating characteristic curve 接受者(机)操作特征曲线morbidity and mortality 并发症和死亡率decompression 减压in regard to 关于,至于living related liver transplantation 活体亲属供肝肝移植术parenchyma 实质liver parenchyma 肝实质excretory 排泄的,分泌的parenchymal 质的,主质的shrinkage 皱缩,皱缩度biotransformation 生物转化adenosine triphosphate 三磷腺苷ammonia 氨Aspartate Aminotransferase 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶Alanine Aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶Lactate Dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶glutamyl 谷氨酰基Inferior Vena Cava 下腔静脉abdominal aorta 腹主动脉Paraaortic 主动脉旁的celiac axis 腹腔干common hepatic artery 肝总动脉proper hepatic artery 肝固有动脉superior mesenteric Artery 肠系膜上动脉Hepatic artery thrombosis 肝动脉血栓形成pseudoaneurysm 假性动脉瘤portacaval shunt 门(静脉与)腔静脉分流术arterialization 动脉化angiography 血管造影术occlusion 闭塞梗塞occluded 闭塞的collateral 侧的,侧支,副的confluence 合流,汇流autologous vein graft 自体静脉移植物porta hepatis 肝门Portal lymph node 肝门淋巴结second order biliary radicles 二级胆管根lobar atrophy 肝叶萎缩caudate lobe 尾状叶falciform ligament 肝镰状韧带periampullary 壶腹周围的Retroduodenal 十二指肠后的jejunum (jejunal) 空肠(的)ileum (ileal) 回肠(的)colon(colonic) 结肠(的)rectum (rectal) 直肠(的)anal canal 肛管oncology 肿瘤学oncological 肿瘤学的neoplasm 肿瘤,新生物neoplastic 肿瘤的,新生物的neoplastic seeding 肿瘤播种papillary tumor 乳头瘤adenocarcinoma 腺癌cystadenoma 囊腺瘤testis 睾丸gastrinoma 胃泌素瘤squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌carcinoid tumors 类癌sarcoma 肉瘤focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) 局灶性结节性增生parenchymal disease 器质性疾病advanced cancer 晚期癌症well differentiated 分化良好nodule 结节nodal metastases 淋巴结转移therapeutic effect 疗效neoadjuvant chemotherapy 新辅助化疗radiofrequency ablation 射频消蚀arterial chemoembolization 动脉化疗性栓塞infiltrating 浸润macroscopically 肉眼[检查]的;目视的carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原indication 适应症指征contraindication 禁忌证preoperative workup 术前全面评估postoperative morbidity rate 术后并发症发生率operative approach 手术入路radical operation 根治术,根治性手术en bloc 整个地,整块地inoperable 不能手术的,不能做手术的palliative 姑息的diagnostic laparoscopy 诊断性腹腔镜检查non-therapeutic laparotomy 非治疗性剖腹探查术invasive techniques 微创技术procedural complications 手术并发症pancreaticoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术Adrenalectomy 肾上腺切除术thrombectomy 血栓摘除术lymphadenectomy 淋巴结切除术Lymph Node Dissection 淋巴结清扫术lymph node harvest 淋巴结清扫end to side anastomosis 端侧吻合术hepaticojejunostomy 肝空肠吻合术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术Caudate lobectomy 尾状叶切除术radiopharmaceutical agent 放射性药剂iodized oil 碘化油absolute ethanol 无水乙醇scintigraphy 闪烁扫描术helical 螺旋的,螺旋状,螺旋状的cross sectional imaging 横断层面成像magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像endoscopy retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)内镜下逆行胆胰管造影magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)磁共振胰胆管成像intraoperative ultrasonography 术中超声检查法contrast enhanced computed tomography对比增强扫描CT positron emission tomography PET正电子发射断层扫描cholangiogram 胆管造影Recurrence 复发follow up 随访concomitant 伴发的,附随的comorbidities 并存病bleeding 出血,流血extravasation 外渗,溢出hemobilia 胆道出血biliary fistula 胆瘘pleural effusion 胸腔积液lung edema 肺水肿splenomegaly 脾肿大hypersplenism 脾功能亢进hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病ascites 腹水subphrenic abscess 膈下脓肿endotoxaemia 内毒素血症myocardial infarction 心肌梗死pyrexial 发热的hypothermic 低体温的Biliary Stricture 胆管狭窄steatohepatitis 脂肪性肝炎fatty liver 脂肪肝adipose tissue 脂肪组织primary sclerosing cholangitis 原发性硬化性胆管炎angina 心绞痛sepsis 败血症,脓毒症perfusion 灌注ex vivo 离体,在活体外in situ 原位right upper quadrant 右上象限proximal part 近心端perineural 神经周围的bifurcation 二根分叉部,分岔ipsilateral 身体的同侧的,同侧的Institutional Review Board 机构审查委员会Ethics Committees 伦理学委员会predispose to 易患,使易感染、诱发platelet 血小板hyperalimentation 高营养支持cirrhotic 硬变的morbidity 并发症,发病率medications 用药dislodge 移去,逐出,取出gonadal 性腺的,生殖腺的Histologic 组织学的frozen section 冰冻切片atrophy 萎缩hypertrophy 肥大,过度生长proliferation 增生,增殖hyperplasia 增生;数量性肥大Stem cells 干细胞bone marrow derived 骨髓衍生的epithelium 上皮,上皮细胞encased 包裹reconstruction 重建,再造,重构inflammatory 炎症性的broad spectrum antibiotics 广谱抗菌素blood culture 血培养Gram Negative bacillus 革兰阴性[芽胞]杆菌cut surface 切面stent 支架catheter 导管direct cannulation 直接插管spectrophotometer 分光光度计rupture 破裂,vt.(使)破裂somatostatin 生长抑素Extracellular Matrix 细胞外基质cohort 同期组群Length of Stay 住院时间after discharge 出院后stratified 分层的,成层的clear cut 明确的In this regard 在这方面come at a cost 是有代价的progressively 进行性地,渐进地rationale 原理,基础理论homogeneous 同类的同质的heterogeneous 异类的,不同的putative 假定的omnipotent 全能的,无所不能的as controls 作为对照preconditioned 预处理preconditioning 预处理prospectively 前瞻性prospective randomized date 前瞻性随机数据Disease-Specific survival 疾病特异性生存率irreversible 不可逆的references 参考Cochrane 循证医学cholangiopancreatography 胰胆管造影术resolution 分辨率(决心,决议解决)herein 如此,鉴于,在此处iatrogenic 医源性palliation 缓和,减轻running suture 连续缝合orthotopic liver transplantation 原位肝移植chemoradiation 放化疗preneoplastic change 癌前变化carcinogenesis 致癌作用dysplasia 发育不良,不典型增生endoprosthesis 内镜置管术pruritus 瘙痒pruritis 瘙痒症Etiology (aetiology) 病原学etiologic 病原学的epidemiology 流行病学epidemiological 流行病学的pathophysiology 病理生理学lesion 病变Radionuclide 放射性核素nitrosamine 亚硝胺类pathogenesis 发病机制carcinoid 类癌Mucinous Adenocarcinoma 粘液腺癌Clear cell adenocarcinoma 透明细胞腺癌Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma 印戒细胞腺癌Adenosquamous Carcinoma 腺鳞状癌Squamous Cell Carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌Oat Cell Carcinoma 燕麦细胞癌Undifferentiated Carcinoma 未分化癌Papillomatosis 乳头状瘤病Papillary Carcinoma 乳头状癌hepatoblastoma 肝母细胞瘤Haemangioendothelioma 血管内皮瘤neuroendocrine tumour 神经内分泌瘤Leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌肉瘤malignant fibrous histiocytoma 恶化纤维组织细胞瘤nodular tumors 结节性肿瘤cachexia 恶液质sterilize 灭菌,消毒surgical radicality 手术的根治性angiogenetic 血管生成angiogenic 血管源性的,生成血管的antiangiogenic 抗血管生成的chemosensitization 化疗增敏photosensitizer 感光剂,光敏剂irradiation 放射,照射conformational radiotherapy 适形放射治疗brachytherapy 短距离放射治疗stereotactic 立体定位的,立体定向的interventional radiology 介入放射学oxaliplatin 奥沙利铂doxorubicin 多柔比星gemcitabine 吉西他滨immunosuppressant 免疫抑制剂Portography 门静脉造影术contrast agent 对比剂,造影剂lipiodol 碘油Iodophor 碘伏cystic duct 胆囊管choledochal duct 胆总管choledochal cysts 胆总管囊肿Choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石hepatolithiasis 肝内胆管结石病oriental cholangiohepatitis 东方人胆管肝炎Biliary malformation 胆管畸形Liver fluke 肝吸虫protocol 治疗方案therapeutic regimen 治疗方案Palliative Treatment 姑息治疗Signs and Symptoms 体征和症状plethora 多血症,多血质Differential Diagnosis 鉴别诊断Randomized Controlled Trials 随机对照试验enterocinesia 肠动,肠蠕动Ligation 结扎术luminal obstruction 官腔阻塞screening 普检,筛查,筛选predisposing factor 易感因素enhanced susceptibility 增强易感性hyperbaric oxygen treatment 高压氧治疗asymptomatic 无症状的indolent 无痛的Intractable Pain 顽固性疼痛visceral 内脏的steatosis 脂肪变性latency 潜伏期side effects 副作用decompensation 失代偿anoxia 缺养症anoxic 缺氧的anoxemia. 缺氧血症;血缺氧ischemia 局部缺血,缺血Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury 缺血再灌注损伤ischemic change 缺血性改变anemia 贫血pyogenic 化脓的purulent 化脓性,脓性的hepatomegaly 肝肿大umbilical fissure 裂脐cytokine 细胞因子neuropeptide 神经肽neurotransmitter 神经递质fluorescence in situ hybridization 荧光原位杂交necrosis 坏死necrocytosis 细胞坏死apoptosis 凋亡apoptotic 细胞凋亡的desmoplastic reaction 纤维成形性反应oncogene 癌基因Suppressor Genes 抑制基因genetic 遗传的epigenetic change 基因外改变hypermethylation 超甲基化sequential occurrence 顺序发生stepwise 分步的,分段的,逐步的mesenchymal 间质morphology 形态atypia 非典型,异型性Phenotype 表型dehydration 脱水paraffin 石蜡impregnation 浸渍,受精,受孕embedding 包埋,埋植serial section 连续切片anesthesia 麻醉anesthesiology 麻醉学anesthetist 麻醉师palpation 触诊orifice 管口,口,小孔one orifice 一个管口intubate 插管pancreatic secretion 胰腋centrifuge 离心,,离心机cannulation 管子reactive oxygen species 活性氧recanalization 再通,再穿通Celiac Plexus 腹腔丛arteriolar 微动脉的,小动脉的Collateral Circulation 侧支循环intima 内膜subintimal 内膜下的mitochondria 线粒体multifocal 多病灶的endemic 地方性的amenable 适合的more specifically 更具体地说mainstay 主要依据kink 扭折,纽结lethal 致命的peculiarity 特性armamentarium 医疗设备,设备demarcate 划界线,分开,区别paucity 资料贫乏migration 移位interim report 中期报告nihilistic 虚无主义的enigmatic 难理解的,神秘的occult 隐匿的,潜隐的autopsy 尸检detritus 腐屑,腐质,碎屑antegrade 顺行的retrograde逆行的endogenous 内源的,内生的exogenous 外源的,外生的intracorporeal 体内的extracorporeal 体外的autocrine 自分泌paracrine 旁分泌xenogenic 异体的,异种的cryptogenic 隐原性的,原因不明的insidiously 隐袭地congenital 先天的,天生的hereditary 遗传的,遗传性的pitfall 缺陷Biliary anomalies 胆道畸形cholecystolithiasis胆囊结石cholecystitis 胆囊炎choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石total bilirubin总胆红素unconjugated bilirubin 游离胆红素conjugated bilirubin 结合胆红素bile plug 胆栓sinusoid 血窦,窦状隙sinusoidal 血窦的窦状隙的transjugular 经颈静脉的portosystemic shunt 门体分流术hepatic coma 肝昏迷hyperammonaemia 高氨血症hypoalbuminemia 低白蛋白血症neuropsychiatric 神经精神性的confusion 意识错乱,意识模糊disorientation 定向障碍astrocyte 星形胶质细胞inflammatory mediator 炎症介质neutrophil (neutrophilic granulocyte) 嗜中性粒细胞macrophage 巨噬细胞phagocyte 吞噬细胞phagocytosis 吞噬作用mitogen 促细胞分裂原,有丝分裂原reticuloendothelial system 网状内皮系统Synthase 合酶dysregulation 调节异常,失调chromosome 染色体nuclear atypia 核异型nucleotide 核苷酸mitochondria 线粒体mitochondrial 线粒体的microsome 微粒体microsomal 微粒体的detoxify 去毒, 解毒,戒烟毒detoxification 解毒(作用),脱毒,戒毒治疗carcinogen 致癌物mutagen 诱变剂,致突变原carbohydrate antigen 糖类抗原标志物,糖链抗原glycoprotein 糖蛋白extirpation 摘除malignant transformation 恶变,恶性转化forceps biopsy 钳夹活检,钳夹活检术transpapillary 经十二指肠乳头stenosis 狭窄stenotic 狭窄的patency rate 通畅率vasculature 脉管系统diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管内凝血 (DIC) coagulant and fibrinolytic systems 凝血和纤溶系统circulatory disturbance 循环紊乱Vascular Permeability 血管通透性vasodilatation 血管扩张vasopressor 血管升压类药物vasopressin 加压素endothelin 内皮缩血管肽prostaglandin 前列腺素Saphenous Veins 隐静脉renin 肾素angiotensin 血管紧张素aldosterone 醛固酮oestrogen (estrin) 雌激素progestogen (progestin) 孕激素androgen (androtin) 雄激素testosterone 睾酮acute tubular necrosis 急性肾小管坏死oedema 水肿oliguria 少尿症diuretic(a) 利尿剂haemofiltration 血液滤过dialyse 透析dialysate (Dialysis Solutions) 透析液acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS) diaphragm 横隔dyspnea 呼吸困难pulmonary oedema 肺水肿ventilatory dysfunction 通气功能障碍Total Parenteral Nutrition 全胃肠外营养enteral nutrition 肠道营养malabsorption 吸收不良venoplasty 血管成形术hematoma 血肿perforation 穿孔paracentesis 穿刺,穿刺术granulomatous inflammation 肉芽肿性炎症Bacterial Translocation 细菌移位the administration of antibiotics 抗生素的应用prophylactic antibiotics 预防性抗生素synbiotic therapy 合生元治疗free radical 自由基lactate 乳酸盐malaise 不适感,全身乏力episode 发作idiopathic 特发性的,自发性的tracer 示踪剂relaparotomy 再手术mild to moderate 轻度到中度multifactorial 多因子的,多因素的iohexol 碘海醇procaine 普鲁卡因lidocaine 利多卡因analgesia 镇痛dehiscence 裂开cryopreserved 冷藏保存的discriminant analysis 判别分析cadaveric 尸体的subjects 受试者obliteration 涂去,抹消,删除milieu 环境,境界potent 有力的,有效的schematic diagram 示意图,原理图misidentification 错误认同,错认algorithm 公式,算法,推导strong echo 强回声acoustic shadow 声影hyperecho(ic) 高回声(的)isoecho(ic) 等回声(的)hypoecho(ic) 低回声(的)anecho(ic) 无回声(的)aseptic technique 无菌术asepsis 灭菌antisepsis 消毒emergency operation 急诊手术confine operation 限期手术selective operation 择期手术evidence-based medicine 循证医学polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 聚合酶链反应inquiry 问诊chief complaints 主诉history collection 病史采集history of present illness 现病史past history 既往史personal history 个人史marital history 婚姻史menstrual history 月经史child bearing history 生育史family history 家族史physical examination 体格检查inspection 视诊palpation 触诊percussion 叩诊auscultation 听诊abdominal pain 腹痛abdominal distension 腹胀diarrhea 腹泻constipation 便秘nausea 恶心vomit 呕吐stool 大便urine 小便aspiration 误吸asphyxia (apnea) 窒息atelectasis 肺不张arrhythmia 心律失常cardiac arrest 心脏骤停ventricular fibrillation 心室纤颤hyperthermia 高热hypothermia 低温Natrium (sodium) 钠Kalium (potassium) 钾Chlorine 氯Calcium 钙Magnesium 镁Phosphorus 磷ion 离子homoeostasis 体内平衡derangement 紊乱isotonic dehydration 等渗性缺水hypotonic dehydration 低渗性缺水hypertonic dehydration 高渗性缺水water intoxication 水中毒hyponatremia 低钠血症hypernatremia 高钠血症hypochloremia 低氯血症hyperchloremia 高氯血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hyperkalemia 高钾血症hypocalcemia 低钙血症hypercalcemia 高钙血症hypomagnesemia 低镁血症hypermagnesemia 高镁血症hypophosphatemia 低磷血症hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒metabolic alkalosis 代谢性碱中毒respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒hematocrit (Hct) 血细胞比容autologous blood transfusion 自体输血salvaged autotransfusion 回收式自体输血predeposited autotransfusion 预存式自体输血hemodiluted autotransfusion 稀释式自体输血cryoprecipitate 冷沉淀furuncle 疖furunculosis 疖病carbuncle 痈acute lymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎erysipelas 丹毒abscess 脓肿dermoid cancer 皮肤癌melanotic 黑痣melanoma 黑色素瘤lipoma 脂肪瘤neurinoma 神经鞘瘤neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤capillary hemangioma 毛细血管瘤angiocavernoma 海绵状血管瘤racemosum hemangioma 蔓状血管瘤sebum cyst 皮脂腺囊肿tetanus 破伤风gangrene 坏疽superinfection 二重感染septicemia 败血症debridement 清创术simple goiter 单纯性甲状腺肿hyperthyroidism 甲亢hypothyroidism 甲减mastitis 乳腺炎mastopathy 乳腺病,乳腺增生症mastectomy 乳房切除术teratoma 畸胎瘤inguinal hernia 腹股沟疝femoral hernia 股疝incisional hernia 切口疝umbilial hernia 脐疝hernia of linea alba 白线疝interloop abscess 肠间脓肿helicobacter pylory (HP) 幽门螺杆菌pyloric obstruction 幽门梗阻vagotomy 迷走神经切断术lymphoma 淋巴瘤duodenal diverticulum 十二指肠憩室intussusception 肠套叠polyps 息肉ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂anorectal abscess 直肠肛管周围脓肿anal fistula 肛瘘anal fissure 肛裂haemorrhoids 痔internal haemorrhoids 内痔external haemorrhoids 外痔mixed haemorrhoids 混合痔annulus haemorrhoids 环形痔proctocolectomy 直肠与结肠切除术major operation 大手术omentum 网膜pancreaticobiliary 胰胆管的Bile canaliculus 胆小管mediastinum 纵隔quadrate lobe 方叶organic 有机的,器官的interferon 干扰素glomerular filtration rate 肾小球滤过率Fulminant Liver Failure 暴发性肝衰竭Nephrotic Syndrome 肾病综合征enteropathy 肠病,肠病变Esophageal cancer 食管癌gastroesophageal varices 胃食管静脉曲张Supine Position 仰卧位informed consent 知情同意sequelae 后遗症,转归demarcate 划界线,分开,区别postprandial 食后的to date 迄今为止regarding 关于serologic 血清学的Serology 血清学hepaplastin test 肝促凝血活酶试验urea 尿素heme 血红素anionic 阴离子的。

肿瘤内科英语单词

肿瘤内科英语单词

肿瘤内科英语单词 Document number:NOCG-YUNOO-BUYTT-UU986-1986UTOncology 肿瘤科Conditions & Diagnoses状况及诊断Adenocarcinoma腺癌Astrocytoma星形细胞瘤Atheroma粉瘤 / 动脉粥瘤Brain tumour脑肿瘤Cachexia恶病质Carcinoma, adenosquamous腺鳞癌Carcinoma, basal cell基底细胞癌Carcinoma, embryonal胚胎癌Carcinoma, epidermoid表皮样癌Carcinoma, squamous cell鳞状细胞癌Carcinoma, transitional cell过渡上皮细胞癌Chondroblastoma软骨母细胞瘤Chondroma软骨瘤Chondrosarcoma软骨肉瘤Choriocarcinoma绒毛膜癌Embryonal sarcoma胚胎肉瘤Endothelioma内皮细胞瘤Erythema红斑Fibroma纤维瘤Fibromyoma纤维肌瘤Fibrosarcoma纤维肉瘤Glioblastoma神经胶母细胞瘤Haemangioendothelioma血管内皮瘤Haemangioma血管瘤Haemangiosarcoma血管肉瘤Hyperplasia增殖过盛Hysteromyomas子宫平滑肌瘤Irradiation sickness辐射病Latent潜伏性Leiomyosarcoma平滑肌肉瘤Leukaemia白血病Lipoma脂肪瘤Liposarcoma脂肪肉瘤Lymphangioendothelioma淋巴管内皮瘤Lymphangioma淋巴管瘤Lymphangiosarcoma淋巴管肉瘤Lymphoma淋巴瘤Lymphosarcoma淋巴肉瘤Marrow depression骨髓抑制Melanoma黑色素瘤Meningioma脑脊膜瘤Metastasis转移 / 扩散Myeloma骨髓瘤Myeloma, multiple多发性骨髓瘤Myxosarcoma黏液肉瘤Neoplasm / Tumour肿(赘)瘤Nephroblastoma / Wilm’s tumour肾胚细胞瘤 / 威耳姆氏瘤Neuroblastoma神经母细胞瘤Neurofibroma神经纤维瘤Neurofibrosarcoma神经纤维肉瘤Neurogenic sarcoma神经性肉瘤Neuroglioma神经胶质瘤Neuroma神经瘤Oligodendroglioma少突胶质细胞瘤Osteogenic sarcoma骨性肉瘤Osteoma骨瘤Osteosarcoma骨肉瘤Reticulum cell sarcoma网状细胞肉瘤Rhabdomyosarcoma横纹肌肉瘤Sarcoma肉瘤Spongioblastoma成胶质细胞瘤Staging of tumour肿瘤分期Staging, clinical临床分期Teratoma畸胎瘤Tumour, malignant恶性肿瘤Investigations, Treatment & Operations检查, 疗法及手术Adjuvant therapy辅助治疗Bence Jones test凝溶蛋白试验Biopsy活组织检验Biopsy, aspiration (needle)针吸式活组织检验Biopsy, excisional割除性活组织检验Biopsy, incisional切开式活组织检验Biopsy, punch钳取式活组织检验Brachytherapy近距疗法Cancer prevention肿瘤预防Carcino-embryonic antigen癌胚抗原Cesium铯Cobalt钴Counter, scintillation闪光计算器Counter, whole body全身性计算器Curie居里Cytology细胞检验 / 细胞学External irradiation体外放射Filling defect充盈缺损Film badge感光胶片徽章Fluororadiography萤光摄影Frozen section冷冻切片检验Interstitial irradiation组织间放射Intracavitary irradiation腔内放射Iodine碘Iridium铱Linear accelerator直线加速器Microcurie微居里Millicurie毫居里Operation, palliative舒减(姑息)手术Operation, radical根治手术Phosphorus磷Plant alkaloids植物类碱Rad雷得Radiation reaction放射反应Radioactive scans放射元素扫描Radiodiagnostics放射诊断术Radioimmunoassay放射线免疫分析法Radioisotopes放射性同位素Radiological tests放射检验Radiosensitivity放射敏感性Radiotherapy放射治疗Radiotherapy, after-loading后装置放射治疗Radiotherapy, pre-loading前装置放射治疗Radium镭Radon氡Scintillation detector闪光侦检器Simulator模拟机Teletherapy远距疗法Tomography断层摄影Tracer dose描记剂量Yttrium钇肿瘤学常见概念年生存率:五年生存率系指某种肿瘤经过各种综合治疗后,生存五年以上的比例。

含有car的英语单词

含有car的英语单词

以下是一些含有"car"的英语单词:
1.Carriage - 这个词通常用来描述一种四轮马车,或者火车的车厢。

2.Caramel - 是一种焦糖或糖蜜制品,也可以作为动词使用,意为“把……做成
焦糖色”。

3.Carcass - 指动物(尤其是家畜)的躯体,尤指去掉头、腿和内脏之后的躯
体。

4.Carcinoma - 这是一种恶性肿瘤,尤其是上皮组织的癌症。

5.Cardiac - 这个词与心脏有关,如“cardiac arrest”(心脏骤停)。

6.Cargo - 通常指船、飞机或车辆等运输工具装载的货物。

7.Carillon - 是一种大型钟琴,也指一组教堂钟。

8.Caribou - 这是一种生活在北美洲的驯鹿。

9.Carjacking - 指强行抢劫汽车的犯罪行为。

10.Carnal - 这个词通常用来描述与性有关的,或者肉体的。

请注意,这些词的含义可能会根据上下文的不同而有所变化。

所以,在使用这些词时,一定要清楚其含义,并根据上下文来正确理解。

医学专业英语单词

医学专业英语单词

Chaper 1psychoanalysis n. 精神分析brain n. 脑intestine n.肠inflammation n.炎症endoscope n.内镜pancreas n.胰腺psychology n.心理学electrocardiogram n.心电图enteritis n.肠炎tumor n.肿瘤muscle n.肌肉organ n.器官abdomen n.腹(部)organism n.有机体,生物体surgeon n.外科医生surgery n.外科(学)malignant a.恶性的immune n.免疫tissue n.组织molecule n.分子,微小颗粒urine n.尿液stool n.大便,粪便vertebra n.椎骨formula n.处方cortex n.皮质,皮层appendix n.阑尾thorax n.胸larynx n. 喉pharynx n.咽Chapter 2kidney n.肾脏receptor n.感受器,受体chromosome n.染色体embryo n.胚胎gene n.基因catabolism n.分解代谢anabolism n.合成代谢infection n.感染puncture n.穿刺fat n.脂肪spine n.脊柱exocrine a.外分泌的cartilage n.软骨spleen n.脾脏gallbladder n.胆囊digestive system 消化系统urinary a.泌尿的respiratory a.呼吸的uterus n.子宫skull n.头颅,头骨pelvic cavity 盆腔trachea n.气管esophagus n.食管bronchial tube 支气管aorta n.主动脉diaphragm n.横膈膜pleura(复,pleurae)n.胸膜urinary bladder 膀胱rectum n.直肠cartilage n.软骨umbilicus n.脐ovary n.卵巢inferior a.下面的superior a.上面的skeletal muscle 骨骼肌striated muscle 横纹肌Chapter 3capillary n.毛细血管artery n.动脉chamber n.腔,小室atrium n.心房ventricle n.室,脑室,心室valve n.瓣膜mitral a.僧帽状的,二尖瓣的breastbone n.胸骨venae cavae 腔静脉tricuspid valve 三尖瓣pulmonary valve 肺动脉瓣carbon dioxide 二氧化碳mitral valve 二尖瓣myocardium n.心肌层visceral a.内脏的,脏层的pericardial 心包腔impulse n.冲动systole n.收缩期ischemia n.缺血infarction n.梗死arrhythmia n.心律失常,心律不齐auscultation n.听诊pulmonary artery 肺动脉diastole n.舒张期heart murmurs 心脏杂音vein n.静脉thrombus n.血栓immune response 免疫反应coronary artery 冠状动脉bacterium(复,bacteria)n.细菌peripheral a.外周的coronary artery disease 冠状动脉疾病congenital a.先天的heart block心脏传导阻滞fibrillation n.颤动premature ventricular and premature atrial contractions 室性和房性期前收缩cardiac arrest 心脏停搏angina pectoris 心绞痛myocardial infarction心肌梗死hypercholesterolemia n.高胆固醇症diabetes mellitus 糖尿病lipoproteins n.脂蛋白angiography n.血管造影inhibitor n.抑制剂hypertensive a.高血压性的plasma n.血浆ultrasound n.超声heart failure 心力衰竭pulmonary edema肺水肿defibrillation n.除颤transplantation n.移植Chapter 4colon n.结肠pylorus n.幽门digestive tract 消化道secretion n.分泌,分泌物salivary gland 唾液腺nasopharynx n.鼻咽peristalsis n.蠕动bilirubin n.胆红素common bile duct 胆总管hepatocyte n.肝细胞hemoglobin n.血红素hyperbilirubinemia n.高胆红素血症insulin n.胰岛素mucosa n.粘膜nutrient 营养物质ingestion 摄入fatty acid 脂肪酸defecation 排便therapeutic a.治疗性diarrhea n.腹泻peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡helicobacter pylori 幽门螺旋杆菌dysentery n.痢疾sample n.样本,标本hypoalbuminemia n.低蛋白血症magnetic resonance imaging 磁共振成像esophagogastroduodenoscopy s食管,胃,十二指肠镜检查Chapter 5nephron n.肾单位,肾元glomerulus n.肾小球urination n.排尿rib n.肋骨vertebral column 脊柱medulla 髓质renal corpuscle 肾小体,肾小球renal tubule 肾小管renin n.肾素filtration n.过滤reabsorption n.重吸收electrolyte n.电解质afferent and efferent arteriole 入球和出球小动脉acid/base balance 酸碱平衡homeostasis n.内环境稳定exhale n.呼出angiotensin n.血管紧张素kidney failure 肾衰竭acute a.急性的upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染antigen n.抗原scarlet fever 猩红热antibody n.抗体chronic a.慢性的hyperuricemia n.高尿酸血症nephrosis n.肾病susceptibility n.易感性noncontagious a.非接触传染的hemodialysis n.血液透析Chapter 8alveolus (复,alveoli) n.肺泡lower respiratory tract 下呼吸道lymphatic tissue 淋巴组织thyroid n.甲状腺sleep apnea 睡眠呼吸暂停rale n.啰音,水泡音wheeze n.哮鸣音percussion n.叩诊dull sound 浊音resonant note 清音sputum n.痰tuberculosis n.结核病bronchiectasis n.支气管扩张chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾病productive cough 咳嗽有痰,排痰性咳嗽cor pulmonale 肺源性心脏病lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎bronchopneumonia n.支气管肺炎respiratory insufficiency 呼吸功能不全hemoptysis n.咳血,咯血bronchoscopy n.支气管镜检查myasthenia gravis 重症肌无力。

malice词根词缀

malice词根词缀

malice词根词缀一、词根词缀的意义在词汇学中,词根和词缀是构成词语的基本元素。

词根是一个词的核心意思,而词缀则是在词根的基础上加以改变或修饰的部分。

每个语言都有其特定的词根和词缀,它们有助于我们理解和学习词汇的构成和含义。

本文将介绍"ma li ce"这一词根和相关的词缀,探讨其在英语词汇中的应用和意义。

二、m a l i c e词根1.m a l"m al-"是一个常见的英语词根,来源于拉丁语中的"ma lu s",意为"坏"或"邪恶"。

该词根常出现在表示"邪恶"或"不良"的词汇中。

例词:-m al ic io us(恶意的)-m al pr ac ti ce(渎职)-m al fu nc ti on(故障)2.m a l i g n"m al ig n-"是由"mal-"词根加上后缀"-i g n"构成的词根。

它表示"恶意中伤"或"诽谤"的意思。

例词:-m al ig na nt(恶性的)-m al ig na nc y(恶性肿瘤)-m al ig n(诽谤)3.m a l e v o l"m al ev ol-"是由"ma l-"词根加上后缀"-e vo l"构成的词根。

它描述一种"有害意图"或"憎恶"。

例词:-m al ev ol en t(恶毒的)-m al e v ol en ce(恶意)-m al ev ol en tl y(恶意地)三、词根词缀的应用1.m a l i c e"m al ic e"是由"m al-"词根加上后缀"-ic e"构成的单词。

大学英语四级单词词汇表

大学英语四级单词词汇表

大学英语四级词汇表abandon vt.丢弃;放弃,抛弃ability n.能力;能耐,本领abnormal a.不正常的;变态的aboard ad.在船(车)上;上船abroad ad.(在)国外;到处absence n.缺席,不在场;缺乏absent a.不在场的;缺乏的absolute a.绝对的;纯粹的absolutely ad.完全地;绝对地absorb vt.吸收;使专心abstract a.抽象的n.摘要abundant a.丰富的;大量的abuse vt.滥用;虐待n.滥用academic a.学院的;学术的academy n.私立中学;专科院校accelerate vt.(使)加快;促进acceleration n.加速;加速度accent n.口音,腔调;重音acceptable a.可接受的,合意的acceptance n.接受,验收;承认access n.接近;通道,入口accessory n.同谋,从犯;附件accident n.意外的;事故accidental a.偶然的;非本质的accommodate vt.容纳;供应,供给accommodation n.招待设备;预定铺位accompany vt.陪伴,陪同;伴随accomplish vt.达到(目的);完成accord vt.使一致;给予accordance n.一致;和谐;授予accordingly ad.因此,所以;照着account n.记述;解释;帐目accumulate vt.积累vi.堆积accuracy n.准确(性);准确度accurate a.准确的,正确无误的accuse vt.指责;归咎于accustom vt.使习惯accustomed a.惯常的;习惯的achieve vt.完成,实现;达到achievement n.完成;成就,成绩acid n.酸;酸的,酸性的acquaintance n.认识;了解;熟人acquire vt.取得;获得;学到acre n.英亩(=6.07亩) act vi.行动;见效n.行为action n.行动;作用;功能active a.活跃的;积极的activity n.活动;活力;行动actress n.女演员actually ad.实际上;竟然acute a.尖的,锐的;敏锐的adapt vt.使适应;改编add vt.添加,附加,掺加addition n.加,加法;附加物additional a.附加的,追加的address n.地址;演说;谈吐adequate a.足够的;可以胜任的adjective n.形容词 a.形容词的adjust vt.调整,调节;校正administration n.管理;管理部门admire vt.钦佩,羡慕,赞赏admission n.允许进入;承认admit vt.承认;准许…进入adopt vt.收养;采用;采取advance vi.前进;提高n.进展advanced a.先进的;高级的advantage n.优点,优势;好处adventure n.冒险;惊险活动adverb n.副词advertisement n.广告;登广告advisable n.明智的;可取的advise vt.劝告;建议;通知aeroplane n.飞机affair n.事情,事件;事务affect vt.影响;感动affection n.慈爱,爱;爱慕afford vt.担负得起…;提供African a.非洲的n.非洲人agency n.经办;代理;代理处agent n.代理人,代理商aggressive a.侵略的;好斗的agony n.极度痛苦agreement n.协定,协议;同意agriculture n.农业,农艺;农学aid n.帮助,救护;助手aircraft n.飞机,飞行器airline n.航空公司;航线airplane n.飞机airport n.机场,航空站alarm n.惊恐,忧虑;警报alcohol n.酒精,乙醇allow vt.允许,准许;任alloy n.合金;(金属的)成色alone a.单独的ad.单独地alphabet n.字母表,字母系统alter vt.改变,变更;改做alternative n.替换物;取舍,抉择although conj.尽管,虽然altitude n.高,高度;高处altogether ad.完全;总而言之aluminium n.铝amaze vt.使惊奇,使惊愕ambition n.雄心,抱负,野心ambulance n.救护车;野战医院amongst prep在…之中(=among) amount n.总数;数量;和ampere n.安培amplify vt.放大,增强;扩大amuse vt.逗…乐;给…娱乐analyse vt.分析,分解,解析analysis n.分析,分解,解析ancestor n.祖宗,祖先anchor n.锚vi.抛锚,停泊ancient a.古代的,古老的angel n.天使,神差,安琪儿anger n.怒,愤怒vt.使发怒angle n.角,角度angry a.愤怒的,生气的ankle n.踝,踝节部announce vt.宣布,宣告,发表announcer n.宣告者;播音员annoy vt.使恼怒;打搅annual a.每年的n.年报anticipate vt.预料,预期,期望anxiety n.焦虑,忧虑;渴望anxious a.忧虑的;渴望的anyway ad.无论如何apart ad.相隔;分开;除去apartment n.一套公寓房间apologize vi.道歉,谢罪,认错apology n.道歉,认错,谢罪apparatus n.器械,仪器;器官apparent a.表面上的;明显的appeal vi.&n.呼吁;申述appear vi.出现;来到;似乎appearance n.出现,来到;外观appetite n.食欲,胃口;欲望appliance n.用具,器具,器械applicable a.能应用的;适当的application n.请求,申请;施用apply vt.应用,实施,使用appoint vt.任命,委任;约定appointment n.任命;约定,约会appreciate vt.欣赏;领会;感谢approach vt.向…靠近n.靠近appropriate a.适当的,恰当的approval n.赞成,同意;批准approve vt.赞成,称许;批准approximately ad.近似地,大约Arabian a.阿拉伯的arbitrary a.随心所欲的;专断的architecture n.建筑学;建筑式样argument n.争论,辩论;理由arise vi.出现;由…引起arithmetic n.算术,四则运算arouse vt.引起,唤起;唤醒arrangement n.整理,排列;安排arrest vt.逮捕,拘留;阻止arrival n.到达;到来;到达者arrive vi.到达;来临;达到arrow n.箭;箭状物artificial a.人工的;娇揉造作的artist n.艺术家,美术家artistic a.艺术的;艺术家的ash n.灰,灰末;骨灰ashamed a.惭愧(的);羞耻(的) asleep a.睡着的,睡熟的aspect n.方面;样子,外表assemble vt.集合,召集;装配assembly n.集合;集会;装配assess vt.对(财产等)估价assign vt.指派;分配;指定assignment n.任务,指定的作业assist vt.援助,帮助;搀扶assistant n.助手,助理;助教associate vi.交往n.伙伴,同事association n.协会,团体;联合assume vt.假定;承担;呈现assure vt.使确信;向…保证astonish vt.使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut n.宇宙航行员,宇航员athlete n.运动员;田径运动员Atlantic a.大西洋的n.大西洋atmosphere n.大气;空气;气氛atmospheric a.大气的;大气层的atom n.原子;微粒;微量atomic a.原子的;原子能的attach vt.缚,系,贴;附加attack vt.&vi.&n.攻击,进攻attain vt.达到,获得,完成attempt vt.尝试,试图n.企图attend vt.出席;照顾,护理attention n.注意,留心;注意力attentive a.注意的;有礼貌的attitude n.态度,看法;姿势attract vt.吸引;引起,诱惑attraction n.吸引;吸引力;引力attractive a.有吸引力的attribute vt.把…归因于n.属性audience n.听众,观众,读者August n.八月aural a.耳的,听觉的Australia n.澳大利亚Australian a.澳大利亚的author n.作者,作家authority n.当局,官方;权力auto n.(口语)汽车automatic a.自动的;机械的automation n.自动,自动化automobile n.汽车,机动车auxiliary a.辅助的;附属的available a.可利用的;通用的avenue n.林荫道,道路;大街average n.平均数 a.平均的aviation n.航空,航空学avoid vt.避免,躲开;撤消await vt.等候,期待awake a.醒着的vt.唤醒award n.奖,奖品;判定aware a.知道的,意识到的awful a.令人不愉快的awfully ad.令人畏惧的;很awkward a.笨拙的;尴尬的ax n.斧子axis n.轴,轴线;中心线bacteria n.细菌badminton n.羽毛球baggage n.行李bake vt.烤,烘,焙;烧硬balance vt.使平衡;称n.天平band n.乐队;带;波段bang n.巨响,枪声;猛击banner n.旗,旗帜,横幅bar n.酒吧间;条,杆;栅barber n.理发师bare a.赤裸的;仅仅的bargain n.交易vi.议价;成交bark n.吠叫声vi.吠,叫barn n.谷仓;牲口棚barrel n.桶;圆筒;枪管barrier n.栅栏,屏障;障碍basic a.基本的,基础的basically ad.基本上basin n.盆,洗脸盆;盆地basis n.基础,根据bat n.球拍;短棍;蝙蝠bath n.浴,洗澡;浴缸bathe vt.给…洗澡;弄湿bathroom n.浴室;盥洗室battery n.电池;一套,一组battle n.战役;斗争vi.作战bay n.湾;山脉中的凹处B.C. (缩)公元前beach n.海滩,湖滩,河滩beam n.梁;横梁;束,柱bean n.豆,蚕豆bear n.熊;粗鲁的人bear vt.容忍;负担;生育beard n.胡须,络腮胡子beast n.兽,野兽;牲畜beat vt.&vi.打,敲;打败beautiful a.美的,美丽的beef n.牛肉;菜牛beg vt.&vi.乞求;请求beggar n.乞丐,穷人behalf n.利益,维护,支持behave vi.表现,举止;运转behavior n.行为,举止,态度being n.存在;生物;生命belief n.信任,相信;信念believe vt.相信;认为bell n.钟,铃,门铃;钟声belong vi.属于,附属beloved a.为…的爱的n.爱人belt n.带,腰带;皮带;区bench n.长凳,条凳;工作台bend vt.使弯曲vi.弯曲beneath prep.在…下方beneficial a.有利的,有益的benefit n.利益;恩惠;津贴berry n.浆果(如草莓等) beside prep.在…旁边besides ad.而且prep.除…之外bet vt.&vi.&n.打赌betray vt.背叛;辜负;泄漏beyond prep.在…的那边Bible n.基督教《圣经》bill n.账单;招贴;票据billion num.万亿(英)bind vt.捆绑;包扎;装钉biology n.生物学;生态学birthday n.生日,诞生的日期biscuit n.(英)饼干;(美)软饼bite vt.咬,叮,螫;剌穿bitter a.痛苦的;严寒的bitterly ad.苦苦地;悲痛地blade n.刀刃,刀片;叶片blame vt.责备,把…归咎于blank a.空白的n.空白blanket n.毛毯,毯子,羊毛毯blast n.爆炸,冲击波vt.炸blaze n.火;闪光vi.燃烧bleed vi.出血,流血;泌脂blend vt.&vi.&n.混和bless vt.为…祝福blind a.瞎的;盲目的block n.街区vt.堵塞,拦阻bloom n.花;开花,开花期blossom n.花,开花vi.开花blow vi.吹,吹动;吹响boast vi.自夸vt.吹嘘bold a.大胆的;冒失的bolt n.螺栓;插销vt.闩门bomb n.BoB!!! vt.轰炸bond n.联结,联系;公债bone n.骨,骨骼boot n.靴子,长统靴booth n.货摊;公用电话亭border n.边,边缘;边界bore vt.使厌烦;钻,挖born a.天生的;出生的bosom n.胸,胸部;内心boss n.老板,上司vt.指挥bother vt.烦扰,迷惑n.麻烦bough n.树枝bounce vi.反跳,弹起;跳起bound a.一定的;有义务的boundary n.分界线,办界bow n.弓;蝴蝶结;鞠躬bowl n.碗,钵;碗状物box n.箱,盒;包箱;拳击vi.打拳brain n.脑,脑髓;脑力brake n.闸,刹车vi.制动branch n.树枝;分部;分科brand n.商品;烙印vt.铭刻brandy n.白兰地酒brass n.黄铜;黄铜器breadth n.宽度,幅度;幅面breathe vi.呼吸vt.呼吸breed n.品种vt.使繁殖breeze n.微风,和风brick n.砖,砖块;砖状物brief a.简短的;短暂的brighten vt.使发光;使快活brilliant a.光辉的;卓越的brim n.边,边缘;帽沿brisk a.活泼的;清新的bristle n.短而硬的毛;鬃毛Britain n.不列颠,英国British a.不列颠的,英联邦的brittle a.脆的;易损坏的broadcast n.广播,播音broken a.被打碎的,骨折的bronze n.青铜;青铜制品brood n.同窝幼鸟vt.孵(蛋) brook n.小河,溪流broom n.扫帚brow n.额;眉,眉毛brown n.褐色,棕色bruise n.青肿,伤痕;擦伤brush n.刷子,毛刷;画笔brute n.禽兽,畜生bubble n.泡vi.冒泡,沸腾bucket n.水桶;吊桶;铲斗bud n.芽,萌芽;蓓蕾bulb n.电灯泡;球状物bulk n.物体,容积,大批bull n.公牛;雄的象bullet n.枪弹,子弹,弹丸bunch n.束,球,串;一群bundle n.捆,包,束;包袱burden n.担子,重担;装载量bureau n.局,司,处;社,所burst vt.使爆裂vi.&n.爆炸bury vt.埋葬,葬;埋藏butcher n.屠夫;屠杀者butter n.黄油;奶油butterfly n.蝴蝶button n.扣子;按钮vt.扣紧cabbage n.洋白菜,卷心菜cabin n.小屋;船舱,机舱cabinet n.橱,柜;内阁cable n.缆,索;电缆;电报cafeteria n.自助食堂calculate vt.计算;估计;计划calculator n.计算器,计算者calendar n.日历,历书;历法camel n.骆驼camera n.照相机,摄影机camp n.野营,营地,兵营campaign n.战役;运动campus n.校园,学校场地Canada n.加拿大Canadian a.加拿大的canal n.运河;沟渠;管cancel vt.取消,撤消;删去cancer n.癌,癌症,肿瘤candidate n.候选人;投考者candle n.蜡烛;烛形物;烛光candy n.糖果;砂糖结晶cannon n.大炮,火炮;榴弹炮canoe n.独木舟,皮艇,划子canteen n.小卖部;临时餐室canvas n.粗帆布;一块油画布capable a.有能力的,有才能的capacity n.容量;能力;能量capital n.资本,资金;首都captain n.陆军上尉;队长captive n.俘虏,被监禁的人capture vt.捕获,俘获;夺得carbon n.碳care vi.关心,介意n.小心career n.生涯,职业,经历careful a.仔细的;细致的careless a.粗心的,漫不经心的cargo n.船货,货物carpenter n.木工,木匠carpet n.地毯,毡毯,毛毯carriage n.客车厢;四轮马车carrier n.运输工具;运载工具carrot n.胡罗卜carry vt.携带;运载;传送cart n.二轮运货马车carve vt.刻,雕刻;切开case n.情况;事实;病例case n.箱(子),盒(子),套cash n.现金,现款cassette n.盒式录音带;盒子cast vt.投,扔,抛;浇铸castle n.城堡;巨大建筑物casual a.偶然的;随便的catalog n.目录,目录册catch vt.捉住;赶上;领会cathedral n.总教堂;大教堂cattle n.牛;牲口,家畜cause n.原因,理由;事业cave n.山洞,洞穴,窑洞cease vi.&vi.&n.停止,停息ceiling n.天花板,顶蓬celebrate vt.庆祝;歌颂,赞美cell n.细胞;小房间cellar n.地窑,地下室cement n.水泥;胶泥vt.粘结centigrade a.百分度的centimetre n.公分,厘米central a.中心的;主要的centre n.中心;中枢vt.集中century n.世纪,百年ceremony n.典礼,仪式;礼节certainly ad.一定,必定;当然certainty n.必然;肯定certificate n.证书,证件,执照chain n.链,链条,项圈challenge n.挑战;要求,需要chamber n.会议室;房间;腔champion n.冠军,得胜者chance n.机会,机遇;可能性change n.改变,变化;零钱channel n.海峡;渠道;频道chapter n.章,回,篇character n.性格;特性;角色characteristic a.特有的n.特性charge vt.索价;控告n.费用charity n.施舍;慈善事业charming a.迷人的,可爱的chart n.图,图表;海图chase n.追逐,追赶,追求cheap a.廉价的;劣质的cheat vt.骗取;哄vi.行骗check vt.检查;制止n.检查cheek n.面颊,脸蛋cheer vt.使振作;欢呼cheerful a.快乐的,愉快的cheese n.乳酪,干酪chemical a.化学的n.化学制品chemist n.化学家;药剂师chemistry n.化学cheque n.支票cherry n.樱桃;樱桃树chess n.棋;国际象棋chest n.胸腔,胸膛;箱子chew vt.咀嚼,嚼碎chicken n.小鸡,小鸟;鸡肉chief a.主要的;首席的childhood n.童年,幼年;早期childish a.孩子的;幼稚的chill vt.使变冷n.寒冷chimney n.烟囱,烟筒;玻璃罩chin n.颏,下巴china n.瓷器,瓷料chocolate n.巧克力;巧克力糖choice n.选择,抉择choke vt.使窒息;塞满choose vt.选择,挑选;情愿chop vt.砍,劈;切细vi.砍Christian n.基督教徒;信徒Christmas n.圣诞节cigarette n.香烟,纸烟,卷烟cinema n.电影院;电影,影片circuit n.电路;环行;巡行circular a.圆的;循环的circulate vt.使循环vi.循环circumference n.圆周,周长,圆周线circumstance n.情况,条件;境遇citizen n.公民;市民,居民civil a.公民的;文职的civilization n.文明,文化;开化civilize vt.使文明;教育claim vt.声称,主张;索取clap vi.拍手vt.拍,轻拍clarify vt.澄清,阐明clasp n.扣子,钩子;别针classical a.古典的;经典的classification n.分类;分级;分类法classify vt.把…分类classmate n.同班同学classroom n.教室,课堂claw n.爪,脚爪,螯clay n.粘土,泥土;肉体clean a.清洁的;纯洁的clear a.清晰的vt.清除clearly ad.明白地,清晰地clerk n.店员;办事员,职员clever a.聪明的;机敏的cliff n.悬崖,峭壁climate n.气候;风土,地带climb vi.攀登,爬vt.爬cloak n.斗篷;覆盖(物)closely ad.紧密地,接近地clothe vt.给…穿衣服clue n.线索,暗示,提示clumsy a.笨拙的;愚笨的coach n.长途公共汽车coal n.煤,煤块coarse a.粗的,粗糙的coast n.海岸,海滨(地区)cock n.公鸡;雄禽;旋塞code n.准则;法典;代码coffee n.咖啡,咖啡茶coil n.(一)卷;线圈vt.卷coin n.硬币;铸造(硬币)collapse vi.倒坍;崩溃,瓦解collar n.衣领,项圈colleague n.同事,同僚collect vt.收集vi.收款collection n.搜集,收集;收藏品collective a.集体的;集合性的college n.学院;大学collision n.碰撞;冲突colonel n.陆军上校;中校colony n.殖民地;侨居地color n.颜色,彩色;颜料column n.柱,支柱,圆柱comb n.梳子vt.梳理combination n.结合,联合;化合combine vt.使结合;兼有comfort n.舒适;安慰vt.安慰comfortable a.舒适的,安慰的command vt.命令,指挥;控制commander n.司令官,指挥员comment n.评论,意见;注释commerce n.商业,贸易;社交commercial a.商业的;商品化的commission n.委任状;委员会commit vt.犯(错误);干(坏事) committee n.委员会;全体委员common a.普通的;共同的commonly ad.普通地,一般地communicate vi.通讯;传达;传播communication n.通讯;传达;交通communism munist主义communist munistparty员community n.社区;社会;公社companion n.同伴;共事者;伴侣company n.公司,商号;同伴comparative a.比较的,相对的compare vt.比较,对照;比作comparison n.比较,对照;比似compass n.罗盘,指南针;圆规compel vt.强迫,迫使屈服compete vi.比赛;竞争;对抗competent a.有能力的;应该做的competition n.竞争,比赛compile vt.编辑,编制,搜集complain vi.抱怨,拆苦;控告complaint n.抱怨;怨言;控告complete a.完整的;完成的completely ad.十分,完全地complex a.结合的;复杂的complicate vt.使复杂;使陷入complicated a.复杂的,难懂的component n.组成部分;分;组件compose vt.组成,构成;创作composition n.构成;作品;写作compound n.化合物;复合词comprehension n.理解;领悟comprehensive a.广泛的;理解的compress vt.压紧,压缩comprise vt.包含,包括;构成compromise n.妥协,和解compute vt.计算,估计,估算computer n.计算机,电脑comrade n.同志,亲密的同伴conceal vt.把…隐藏起来concentrate vt.集中;聚集;浓缩concentration n.集中;专注;浓缩concept n.概念,观念,设想concern n.关心,挂念;关系concerning prep.关于concert n.音乐会,演奏会conclude vt.推断出;结束conclusion n.结论,推论;结尾concrete n.混凝土;具体物condemn vt.谴责,指责;判刑condense vt.压缩,使缩短condition n.状况,状态;环境conduct n.举止,行为;指导conductor n.售票员;(乐队)指挥conference n.会议,讨论会confess vt.供认,承认;坦白confidence n.信任;信赖;信心confident n.确信的,自信的confine vt.限制;禁闭confirm vt.证实,肯定;批准conflict n.争论;冲突;斗争confuse vt.使混乱,混淆confusion n.混乱;骚乱;混淆congratulate vt.祝贺,向…道喜congratulation n.祝贺;祝贺词congress n.大会;国会,议会conjunction n.接合,连接;连接词connect vt.连接,连结;联系connection n.连接,联系;连贯性conquer vt.征服,战胜;破除conquest n.攻取,征服;克服conscience n.良心,道德心conscious a.意识到的;有意的consciousness n.意识,觉悟;知觉consent n.同意,赞成vi.同意consequence n.结果,后果consequently ad.因此,因而,所以conservation n.保存,保护;守恒conservative a.保守的n.保守的人consider vt.认为;考虑;关心considerable a.相当大的;重要的considerate a.考虑周到的;体谅的consideration n.考虑,思考;体贴consist vi.由…组成;在于consistent a.坚持的,一贯的constant a.经常的;永恒的constitution n.章程;体质;构造construct vt.建造;建设;构筑construction n.建造;建筑;建筑物consult vt.请教,查阅consume vt.消耗,消费;消灭consumption n.消耗量;消耗contact vt.使接触;与…联系contain vt.包含,容纳;等于container n.容器;集装箱contemporary a.当代的,同时代的contempt n.轻蔑;藐视;受辱content n.内容,目录;容量content a.满意的,满足的contest vt.争夺,争取;辩驳continent n.大陆;陆地;洲continual a.不断的;连续的continue vt.继续,连续;延伸continuous a.连续不断的,持续的contract n.契约,合同;婚约contradiction n.矛盾,不一致;否认contrary a.相反的n.相反contrast n.对比,对照,悬殊contribute vt.捐献,捐助;投稿control vt.控制,克制n.控制convenience n.便利,方便;厕所convenient a.便利的;近便的convention n.习俗,惯例;公约conventional a.普通的;习惯的conversation n.会话,非正式会谈conversely ad.相反地conversion n.转变,转化;改变convert vt.使转变;使改变convey vt.传送;运送;传播convince vt.使确信,使信服cook vt.烹调,煮vt.烧菜cooperate vi.合作,协作;配合coordinate vt.使协调,调节cope vi.对付,应付copper n.铜;铜币,铜制器copy n.抄件vt.抄写,复制cord n. 细绳,粗线,索cordial a.真诚的,诚恳的core n.果实的心,核心corn n.谷物;(英)小麦corner n.角;犄角;边远地区corporation n.公司,企业;社团correct a.正确的vt.纠正correction n.改正,纠正,修改correspond vi.相符合;相当correspondent n.通信者;通讯员corresponding a.相应的;符合的corridor n.走廊,回廊,通路cost n.价格,代价;成本costly a.昂贵的;价值高的cottage n.村舍,小屋cotton n.棉;棉线;棉布council n.理事会,委员会count vt.计算vi.数,计数counter n.柜台;计数器county n.英国的郡,美国的县course n.课程;过程;一道菜court n.法院,法庭;庭院cousin n.堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹) coward n.懦夫;胆怯者crack n.裂缝,裂纹vi.爆裂craft n.工艺;手艺,行业crane n.起重机,摄影升降机crash vi.碰撞,坠落n.碰撞crawl vi.爬,爬行crazy a.疯狂的,荒唐的cream n.奶油,乳脂;奶油色create vt.创造;引起,产生creative a.创造性的,创作的creature n.生物,动物,家畜credit n.信用贷款;信用creep vi.爬行;缓慢地行进crew n.全体船员cricket n.板球;蟋蟀crime n.罪,罪行;犯罪criminal n.犯人,罪犯,刑事犯cripple n.跛子;残废的人crisis n.危机;存亡之际critic n.批评家,爱挑剔的人critical a.决定性的;批评的criticism n.批评;批判;评论criticize vt.批评;评论;非难crop n.农作物,庄稼;一熟crow n.鸦,乌鸦vi.啼crowd n.群;大众;一伙人crown n.王冠,冕;花冠crude a.简陋的;天然的cruel a.残忍的,残酷的crush vt.压碎,碾碎;镇压crust n.面包皮;硬外皮crystal n.水晶,结晶体;晶粒cube n.立方形;立方cubic a.立方形的;立方的cucumber n.黄瓜cultivate vt.耕;种植;培养culture n.文化,文明;教养cunning a.狡猾的,狡诈的cupboard n.碗柜,碗碟橱;食橱cure vt.医治;消除n.治愈curiosity n.好奇,好奇心;珍品curious a.好奇的;稀奇古怪的curl n.卷毛;螺旋vi.卷曲current a.当前的;通用的curse n.诅咒,咒骂;天谴curtain n.帘,窗帘;幕(布) curve n.曲线;弯vt.弄弯cushion n.垫子,坐垫,靠垫custom n.习惯,风俗;海关customer n.顾客,主顾cycle n自行车,循环daily a.每日的n.日报dairy n.牛奶场;乳制品dam n.水坝,水堤;障碍物damage vt.损害,毁坏n.损害damp a.潮湿的,有湿气的dangerous a.危险的,不安全的daring a.大胆的,勇敢的darling n.亲爱的人;宠儿dash vt.使猛撞;溅n.猛冲data n.数据; 资料dawn n.黎明;开端vi.破晓deadly a.致命的,死一般的deal n.买卖;待遇vt.给予dear a.亲爱的int.啊death n.死,死亡;灭亡debate n.&vi.争论,辩论debt n.债,债务,欠债decade n.十年,十年期decay vi.腐烂;衰败n.腐烂deceit n.欺骗,欺诈deceive vt.欺骗,蒙蔽,行骗December n.十二月decent a.正派的;体面的decide vt.决定,决心;解决decision n.决定,决心;果断deck n.甲板;舱面;层面declare vt.断言;声明;表明decorate vt.装饰,装璜,修饰decrease vi.&n.减少,减少deduce vt.演绎,推论,推断deed n.行为;功绩;契约deepen vt.加深vi.深化defeat vt.战胜,击败;挫败defect n.缺点,缺陷,欠缺defence n.防御;防务;辩护defend vt.保卫,防守define vt.给…下定义;限定definite a.明确的;肯定的definitely ad.一定地,明确地definition n.定义,释义;定界degree n. 程度;度;学位delay vt. 推迟;耽搁;延误delete vi. 删除vt.删除;擦掉delegation n.代表团delicate a.纤细的;易碎的delicious a.美味的,怡人的delight n.快乐vt.使高兴deliver vt.投递,送交;发表delivery n.投递;交付;分娩demand vt.要求;需要;询问democracy n.民主,民主制democratic a.民主的,民主政体的demonstrate vt.说明;论证;表露dense a.密集的;浓厚的density n.密集,稠密;密度deny vt.否定;拒绝相信depart vi.离开,起程;出发department n.部,司,局,处,系departure n.离开,出发,起程depend vi.依靠,依赖;相信dependent a.依靠的,依赖的deposit vt.使沉淀;存放depress vt.使沮丧;按下depth n.深度;深厚;深处derive vt.取得vi.起源descend vi.下来,下降;下倾describe vt.形容;描写,描绘description n.描写,形容;种类desert n.沙漠vt.离弃;擅离deserve vt.应受,值得design vt.设计n.设计;图样desirable a.值得相望的;可取的desire vt.相望;要求n.愿望despair n.绝望vi.绝望desperate a.拼死的;绝望的despise vt.鄙视,蔑视despite prep.不管,不顾destination n.目的地,终点;目标destroy vt.破坏;消灭;打破destruction n.破坏,毁灭,消灭detail n.细节;枝节;零件detect vt.察觉,发觉;侦察detection n.察觉,发觉;侦察determination n.决心;决定;确定determine vt.决定;查明;决心develop vt.发展;形成;开发development n.发展;开发;生长device n.器械,装置;设计devil n.魔鬼,恶魔devise vt.设计,发明devote vt.将…奉献,致力于dew n.露,露水diagram n.图解,图表,简图dial n.钟面;拨号盘vt.拨dialect n.方言,土语,地方话dialog n.对话,对白diameter n.直径diamond n.金钢石,钻石;菱形diary n.日记,日记簿dictate vt.&vi.口授;命令dictation n.口授笔录,听写dictionary n.词典,字典differ vi.不同,相异difference n.差别;差;分歧different a.差异的;各种的difficult a.困难的;难对付的difficulty a.困难;难事;困境digest vt.消化;领会n.文摘digital a.数字的,计数的diligent a.勤勉的,勤奋的dim a.昏暗的;朦胧的dimension n.尺寸,尺度;面积dinner n.正餐,主餐;宴会dip vt.浸,蘸vi.浸一浸direct a.直接的;直率的direction n.方向,方位;指导directly ad.直接地;立即director n.指导者;理事;导演dirt n.尘,土;污物,污垢dirty a.脏的;下流的disable vt.使无能,使伤残disadvantage n.不利,不利地位disagree vi.有分歧;不一致disappear vi.不见,失踪;消失disappoint vt.使失望,使受挫折disaster n.灾难,灾祸;天灾disk n.圆盘,唱片;磁盘discard vt.丢弃,抛弃,遗弃discharge vt.释放;排出n.释放discipline n.纪律;训练vt.训练disclose vt.揭开,揭发;透露discourage vt.使泄气,使灰心discover vt.发现;暴露,显示discovery n.发现;被发现的事物discuss vt.讨论,谈论;论述disease n.病,疾病;病害disguise vi.隐瞒,掩埋n.假装disgust n.厌恶,憎恶dish n.碟,盘子;菜肴dishonour n.不光彩;丢脸的人dismiss vt.不再考虑;解雇disorder n.混乱,杂乱;骚乱display vt.陈列,展览;显示disposal n.丢掉,处理,销毁dispose vi.去掉,丢掉;销毁displease vt.使不愉快,使生气dispute vi.争论,争执n.争论dissatisfy vi.使不满,使不平dissolve vt.使溶解;解散distance n.距离,间距;远处distant a.在远处的,疏远的distinct a.与其他不同的distinction n.差别,不同,区分distinguish vt.区别,辨别,认别distress n.忧虑,悲伤;不幸distribute vt.分发,分送;分布distribution n.分发,分配;分布district n.区;地区,区域disturb vt.打扰,扰乱;弄乱ditch n.沟,沟渠,渠道dive vi.跳水;潜水;俯冲diverse a.不一样的,相异的divide vt.分;分配;分开division n.分,分配;除法divorce n.离婚,离异vi.离婚dock n.船坞;码头;船厂domestic a.本国的;家庭的donkey n.驴;笨蛋dorm n.宿舍dormitory n.集体寝室;宿舍dose n.剂量,用量;一剂dot n.点,圆点vt.打点于doubt n.怀疑;疑虑vt.怀疑doubtful a.难以预测的;怀疑的doubtless ad.无疑地;很可能downward a.向下的ad.向下地dozen n.一打,十二个draft n.草稿;汇票vt.起草drag vt.拖,拉;拖曳dragon n.龙;凶暴的人drain vt.排去;放水n.耗竭drama n.一出戏剧,剧本dramatic a.引人注目的,戏剧的draw vt.画,划;拖;拨出drawer n.抽屉drawing n.图画,素描;绘图dread n.畏惧;KB vt.惧怕dream n.梦;梦想vi.做梦dress n.女服,童装;服装drift vi.漂流,漂泊n.漂流drill n.钻头;操练vi.钻孔drink vt.饮vi.喝n.饮料drip vi.滴下;漏水n.水滴drop vt.使落下;降低drought n.旱灾,干旱drown vi.淹死,溺死drug n.药,药物,药材drum n.鼓;鼓状物,圆桶drunk a.醉的;陶醉的dry a.干的,干燥的due a.预期的;应给的dull a.枯燥的;不鲜明的dumb a.哑的;无言的dump vt.倾卸,倾倒;倾销durable a.耐久的,耐用的duration n.持续,持久during prep.在…期间dwelling n.住处,寓所dye vt.染n.染料;染色dying a.垂死的;临终的dynamic a.有活力的;动力的each pron.各,各自a.各eager a.渴望的,热切的eagle n.鹰ear n.耳朵;听力,听觉early ad.早a.早的,早期的earn vt.赚得,挣得;获得earnest a.认真的,诚恳的earthquake n.地震;大震荡ease n.容易,舒适vt.缓和easily ad.容易地;舒适的eastern a.东方的;朝东的echo n.回声,反响vi.重复economic a.经济的,经济学的economical a.节约的;经济学的economy n.经济;节约,节省edge n.边缘,边;刀口edition n.版,版本,版次editor n.编辑,编者,校订者educate vt.教育;培养;训练education n.教育;训导;教育学effect n.结果;效果,效力effective a.有效的;有影响的efficiency n.效率;功效,效能efficient a.效率高的,有能力的effort n.努力;努力的成果elaborate a.复杂的;精心制作的elastic n.松紧带a.有弹性的elbow n.肘,肘部;弯管elect vt.选举,推选;选择election n.选举,选择权;当选electric a.电的,电动的electrical a.电的,电气科学的electricity n.电,电学;电流electron n.电子electronic a.电子的electronics n.电子学element n.成分;要素;元素elementary a.基本的;初级的elephant n.象elevator n.电梯;升降机eliminate vt.消灭,消除,排除elimination n.消灭,排除,消除else ad.其它,另外a.别的elsewhere ad.在别处,向别处embarrass vt.使窘迫,使为难embrace vt.拥抱;包括;包围emerge vi.出现,涌现;冒出emergency n.紧急情况,突然事件emit vt.散发;发射;发表emotional a.感情的,情绪的emperor n.皇帝emphasis n.强调,重点,重要性emphasize vt.强调,着重empire n.帝国employ vi.雇用;用;使忙于employee n.受雇者,雇员,雇工employer n.雇佣者,雇主employment n.工业;雇用;使用enclose vt.围住,圈起;附上encounter vt.遭遇,遇到n.遭遇encourage vt.鼓励,支持,助长endure vt.忍受;容忍enemy n.敌人;仇敌;敌兵energy n.活力;精力;能enforce vt.实施,执行;强制engage vt.使从事于;聘用engine n.发动机,引擎;机车engineer n.工程师,技师engineering n.工程,工程学enlarge vt.扩大,扩展;放大enormous a.巨大的,庞大的ensure vt.保证;保护;赋予entertain vt.使欢乐;招待enthusiasm n.热情,热心,热忱enthusiastic a.热情的,热心的entire a.全部的,整个的entitle vt.给…权利(或资格) entrance n.入口,门口;进入entry n.入口处;登记;进入envelope n.信封;封套;封皮environment n.环境,外界;围绕envy vt.&n.妒忌;羡慕equal a.相等的;平等的equality n.等同,平等;相等equation n.方程(式);等式equip vt.装备,配备equipment n.装备,设备,配备equivalent a.相等的;等量的era n.时代,年代;纪元erect vt.建造;使竖立error n.错误,谬误;差错escape vi.逃跑;逸出n.逃跑especially ad.特别,尤其,格外essay n.短文,散文,小品文essential a.必要的,本质的establish vt.建立,设立;确立establishment n.建立,设立,确立estimate vt.估计,评价n.估计European a.欧洲的n.欧洲人evaluate vt.评价,估…的价evaporate vt.使蒸发vi.蒸发eve n.前夜,前夕,前一刻even ad.甚至;甚至更,还even a.均匀的;平的event n.事件,大事;事变eventually ad.终于;最后ever ad.在任何时候;曾经evidence n.根据;证据,证人evident a.明显的,明白的evil n.邪恶;祸害a.坏的evolution n.进化,演化;发展evolve vt.使进化;使发展exactly ad.确切地;恰恰正是exaggerate vt.&vi.夸大,夸张examination n.考试;检查,细查examine vt.检查,仔细观察example n.例子,实例;模范exceed vt.超过,胜过;超出exceedingly ad.极端地,非常excellent a.优秀的,杰出的except prep.除…之外exception n.例外,除外excess n.超越;过量;过度excessive a.过多的,极度的exchange vt.交换;交流n.交换excite vt.使激动;引起exciting a.令人兴奋的exclaim vi.呼喊;惊叫exclude vt.把…排除在外exclusively ad.专门地excursion n.远足;短途旅行excuse vt.原谅;免除n.借口execute vt.将…处死;实施executive a.执行的n.执行者exercise n.锻炼,训练vi.练习exert vt.尽(力),运用exhaust vt.使筋疲力尽;用尽exhibit vt.显示;陈列,展览exhibition n.展览,陈列;展览会exist vi.存在;生存,生活existence n.存在,实在;生存exit n.出口;退场vi.退出expand vt.扩大;使膨胀expansion n.扩大,扩充;扩张expect vt.预料,预期;等待expectation n.期待,期望,预期expense n.花费,消费;费用expensive a.昂贵的,花钱多的experience n.经验,感受;经历experiment n.实验;试验experimental a.实验的,试验的expert n.专家a.熟练的explain vt.解释;为…辩解explanation n.解释,说明;辩解explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸exploit vt.剥削;利用;开拓explore vt.&vi.探险,探索explosion n.爆炸,爆发,炸裂explosive n.de-tona-tor a.爆炸的export vt.输出,出口;运走expose vt.使暴露;揭露exposure n.暴露;揭露;曝光express vt.表示n.快车,快递expression n.词句;表达;表情extend vt.延长;扩大;致extension n.延长部分;伸展extensive a.广阔的;广泛的extent n.广度;范围;程度exterior a.外部的;对外的external a.外部的,外面的extra a.额外的ad.特别地extraordinary a.非同寻常的,特别的extreme a.极度的;尽头的extremely ad.极端,极其,非常eyesight n.视力,目力facility n.设备;容易;便利factor n.因素;因子,系数faculty n.才能,能力;系,科fade vi.褪色;逐渐消失Fahrenheit n.华氏温度计failure n.失败;失败的人faint a.微弱的;虚弱的fair n.定期集市;博览会fairly ad.相当;公平地faith n.信任,信心;信仰faithful a.忠诚的;如实的false a.不真实的;伪造的fame n.名声,名望familiar a.熟悉的;冒昧的famine n.饥荒;严重的缺乏famous a.著名的,出名的fan n.(运动等)狂热爱好者fan n.扇子,风扇vt.扇fancy n.想象力;设想;爱好fare n.车费,船费,票价farewell int.再会n.告别fashion n.样子,方式;风尚fashionable a.流行的,时髦的fasten vt.扎牢,扣住fatal a.致命的;命运的fate n.命运,天数father n.父亲;神父;创始人father-in-law n.岳父;公公fatigue n.疲劳,劳累fault n.缺点;过失;故障faulty a.有错误的,有缺点的favour n.好感;赞同;恩惠favourable a.有利的;赞成的favourite a.特别受喜爱的fear n.害怕;担心vt.害怕fearful a.害怕的,可怕的feasible a.可行的;可能的feast n.盛宴,筵席;节日feather n.羽毛;翎毛;羽状物feature n.特征,特色;面貌February n.二月。

英语四级考试大纲词汇

英语四级考试大纲词汇

英语四级考试大纲词汇英语四级考试大纲词汇英语考试对于考生而言记忆单词尤为重要。

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英语四级考试大纲词汇:Ccabbage/ ‘k?bid?/ n.洋白菜,卷心菜cabin/ ‘k?bin/ n.小屋;船舱,机舱cabinet/ ‘k?binit/ n.橱,柜;内阁cable/ ‘keibl/ n.缆,索;电缆;电报cafe/ ‘k?fei, k?’fei/ n.咖啡馆;小餐厅cage/ keid?/ n.笼;鸟笼,囚笼cake/ keik/ n.饼,糕,蛋糕calculate/ ‘k?lkjuleit/ vt.计算;估计;计划calculator/ ‘k?lkjuleit?/ n.计算器,计算者calendar/ ‘k?lind?/ n. 日历,历书;历法call/ k?:l/ vt.把…叫做;叫,喊calm/ ka:m/ a.静的,平静的camel/ ‘k?m?l/ n.骆驼camera/ ‘k?m?r?/ n.照相机,摄影机camp/ k?mp/ n.野营,营地,兵营campaign/ k?m’pein/ n.战役;运动campus/ ‘k?mp?s/ n.校园,学校场地can/ k?n/ aux.v.能,会,可能can/ k?n/ n.罐头,听头;容器Canadian/ k?’neidj?n/ a.加拿大的canal/ k?’n?l/ n.运河;沟渠;管cancel/ ‘k?ns?l/ vt.取消,撤消;删去cancer/ ‘k?ns?/ n.癌,癌症,肿瘤candidate/ ‘k?ndidit/ n.候选人;投考者candle/ ‘k?ndl/ n.蜡烛;烛形物;烛光cap/ k?p/ n.帽子,便帽;帽状物capable/ ‘keip?bl/ a.有能力的,有才能的capacity/ k?’p?siti/ n.容量;能力;能量capital/ ‘k?pitl/ n.资本,资金;首都captain/ ‘k?ptin/ n.陆军上尉;队长capture/ ‘k?pt??/ vt.捕获,俘获;夺得car/ ka:/ n.汽车,小汽车,轿车carbon/ ‘ka:b?n/ n.碳card/ ka:d/ n.卡,卡片,名片care/ ke?/ vi.关心,介意 n.小心career/ k?’ri?/ n.生涯,职业,经历careful/ ‘ke?ful/ a.仔细的;细致的careless/ ‘ke?lis/ a.粗心的,漫不经心的cargo/ ‘ka:g?u/ n.船货,货物carpenter/ ‘ka:pint?/ n.木工,木匠carpet/ ‘ka:pit/ n.地毯,毡毯,毛毯carriage/ ‘k?rid?/ n.客车厢;四轮马车carrier/ ‘k?ri?/ n.运输工具;运载工具carry/ ‘k?ri/ vt.携带;运载;传送cart/ ka:t/ n.二轮运货马车case/ keis/ n.情况;事实;病例case/ keis/ n.箱(子),盒(子),套cash/ k??/ n.现金,现款cassette/ ka:’set/ n.盒式录音带;盒子cast/ ka:st/ vt.投,扔,抛;浇铸castle/ ‘ka:sl/ n.城堡;巨大建筑物casual/ ‘k??ju?l/ a.偶然的;随便的cat/ k?t/ n.猫,猫科,猫皮catalog/ ‘k?t?l?g/ n.目录,目录册catch/ k?t?/ vt.捉住;赶上;领会cattle/ ‘k?tl/ n.牛;牲口,家畜cause/ k?:z/ n.原因,理由;事业cave/ keiv/ n.山洞,洞穴,窑洞cease/ si:s/ vi.&vi.&n.停止,停息ceiling/ ‘si:li?/ n. 天花板,顶蓬celebrate/ ‘selibreit/ vt.庆祝;歌颂,赞美cell/ sel/ n.细胞;小房间cement/ si’ment/ n.水泥;胶泥 vt.粘结cent/ sent/ n.分;分币;百centimetre/ ‘sentimi:t?/ n.公分,厘米central/ ‘sentr?l/ a.中心的;主要的centre/ ‘sent?/ n.中心;中枢 vt.集中century/ ‘sent?uri/ n.世纪,百年ceremony/ ‘serim?ni/ n.典礼,仪式;礼节certain/ ‘s?:t?n/ a.确实的;肯定的certainly/ ‘s?:t?nli/ ad.一定,必定;当然certificate/ s?’tifikit/ n.证书,证件,执照chain/ t?ein/ n.链,链条,项圈chair/ t?e?/ n.椅子;主席chairman/ ‘t?e?m?n/ n.主席;议长,会长chalk/ t??:k/ n.白垩;粉笔challenge/ ‘t??l?nd?/ n.挑战;要求,需要chamber/ ‘t?eimb?/ n.会议室;房间;腔champion/ ‘t??mpj?n/ n.冠军,得胜者chance/ t?a:ns/ n.机会,机遇;可能性change/ t?eind?/ n.改变,变化;零钱channel/ ‘t??nl/ n.海峡;渠道;频道chapter/ ‘t??pt?/ n.章,回,篇character/ ‘k?rikt?/ n.性格;特性;角色characteristic/ k?rikt?’ristik/ a.特有的 n.特性charge/ t?a:d?/ vt.索价;控告 n.费用chart/ t?a:t/ n.图,图表;海图chase/ t?eis/ n.追逐,追赶,追求cheap/ t?i:p/ a.廉价的;劣质的cheat/ t?i:t/ vt.骗取;哄 vi.行骗check/ t?ek/ vt.检查;制止 n.检查cheek/ t?i:k/ n.面颊,脸蛋cheer/ t?i?/ vt.使振作;欢呼cheerful/ ‘t?i?ful/ a.快乐的,愉快的cheese/ t?i:z/ n.乳酪,干酪chemical/ ‘kemikl/ a.化学的 n.化学制品chemist/ ‘kemist/ n.化学家;药剂师chemistry/ ‘kemistri/ n.化学cheque/ t?ek/ n.支票chess/ t?es/ n.棋;国际象棋chest/ t?est/ n.胸腔,胸膛;箱子chew/ t?u:/ vt.咀嚼,嚼碎英语四级考试大纲词汇:Ffabric/ ‘f?brik/ n.织物,纺织品;结构face/ feis/ n.脸;表面;外表facility/ f?’siliti/ n.设备;容易;便利fact/ f?kt/ n.事实;实际,实情factor/ ‘f?kt?/ n.因素;因子,系数factory/ ‘f?kt?ri/ n.工厂,制造厂faculty/ ‘f?k?lti/ n.才能,能力;系,科fade/ feid/ vi.褪色;逐渐消失fail/ feil/ vi.失败;失灵;不能failure/ ‘feilj?/ n.失败;失败的人faint/ feint/ a.微弱的;虚弱的fair/ fe?/ a.公平的;相当的fair/ fe?/ n.定期集市;博览会fairly/ ‘fe?li/ ad.相当;公平地faith/ feiθ/ n.信任,信心;信仰faithful/ ‘feiθful/ a.忠诚的;如实的fall/ f?:l/ vi.落下;跌倒;陷落false/ f?:ls/ a.不真实的;伪造的fame/ feim/ n.名声,名望familiar/ f?’milj?/ a.熟悉的;冒昧的family/ ‘f?mili/ n.家,家庭;家族famine/ ‘f?min/ n.饥荒;严重的缺乏famous/ ‘feim?s/ a.著名的,出名的fan/ f?n/ n.(运动等)狂热爱好者fan/ f?n/ n.扇子,风扇 vt.扇fancy/ ‘f?nsi/ n.想象力;设想;爱好far/ fa:/ a.远的 ad.远,遥远fare/ fe?/ n.车费,船费,票价farewell/ ‘fe?’wel/ int.再会 n.告别farm/ fa:m/ n.农场,农庄;饲养场farmer/ ‘fa:m?/ n.农民,农夫;农场主farther/ ‘fa:??/ ad.更远地 a.更远的fashion/ ‘fn/ n.样子,方式;风尚fashionable/ ‘fn?bl/ a.流行的,时髦的fast/ fa:st/ a.快的;偏快的 ad.快fasten/ ‘fa:sn/ vt.扎牢,扣住fat/ f?t/ n. 脂肪,肥肉 a. 肥胖的fatal/ ‘feitl/ a.致命的;命运的fate/ feit/ n.命运,天数father/ ‘fa:??/ n.父亲;神父;创始人fatigue/ f?’ti:g/ n.疲劳,劳累fault/ f?:lt/ n.缺点;过失;故障faulty/ ‘f?:lti/ a.有错误的,有缺点的favour/ ‘feiv?/ n.好感;赞同;恩惠favourable/ ‘feiv?r?bl/ a.有利的;赞成的favourite/ ‘feiv?rit/ a.特别受喜爱的fear/ fi?/ n.害怕;担心 vt.害怕fearful/ ‘fi?ful/ a.害怕的,可怕的feasible/ ‘fi:z?bl/ a.可行的;可能的feather/ ‘fe??/ n.羽毛;翎毛;羽状物feature/ ‘fi:t??/ n.特征,特色;面貌ebruary/ ‘febru?ri/ n.二月federal/ ‘fed?r?l/ a.联邦的;联盟的fee/ fi:/ n.费,酬金;赏金feed/ fi:d/ vt.喂(养) vi.吃饲料feedback/ ‘fi:db?k/ n.回授,反馈,反应feel/ fi:l/ vi.有知觉 vt.触,摸feeling/ ‘fi:li?/ n.感情;感觉,知觉fellow/ ‘fel?u/ n.人,家伙;伙伴female/ ‘fi:meil/ n.雌性的动物;女子fence/ fens/ n.栅栏fertile/ ‘f?:tail/ a.肥沃的;多产的fertilizer/ ‘f?:tilaiz?/ n.肥料festival/ ‘fest?v?l/ n.节日;音乐节fetch/ fet?/ vt.拿来;请来,接去fever/ ‘fi:v?/ n.发热,发烧;狂热few/ fju:/ a.很少的;少数的fibre/ ‘faib?/ n.纤维,纤维质fiction/ ‘fik??n/ n.小说;虚构,杜撰field/ fi:ld/ n.田野;田;运动场fierce/ fi?s/ a.凶猛的,狂热的fifteen/ ‘fif’ti:n/ num.十五;十五个fifth/ fifθ/ num.第五 n.五分之一fifty/ ‘fifti/ num.五十,五十个fight/ fait/ vi.打(仗);斗争figure/ ‘fig?/ n.数字;外形;人物file/ fail/ n.档案 vt.把…归档fill/ fil/ vt.装满,盛满;占满film/ film/ n.影片;胶卷;薄层filter/ ‘filt?/ vt.过滤 n.滤纸final/ ‘fainl/ a.最后的;决定性的finally/ ‘fain?li/ ad.最后;不可更改的finance/ fai’n?ns, fi-/ n.财政,金融;财源financial/ fai’n?n??l, fi-/ a.财政的,金融的find/ faind/ vt.找到;发觉;找出finding/ faindi?/ n.发现;调查的结果fine/ fain/ a.美好的;纤细的fine/ fain/ n.罚金,罚款finger/ ‘fi?g?/ n.手指;指状物finish/ ‘fini?/ vt.完成,结束 n.结束fire/ ‘fai?/ n.火;火灾 vi.开火fireman/ ‘fai?m?n/ n.消防队员;司炉工firm/ f?:m/ n.商行,商号,公司first/ f?:st/ num.第一 ad.最初fish/ fi?/ n.鱼,鱼肉 vi.钓鱼fisherman/ ‘fi??m?n/ n.渔民,渔夫,打鱼人fit/ fit/ vt.适合;安装vi.适合five/ faiv/ num.五,五个,第五fix/ fiks/ vt.使固定;决定flag/ fl?g/ n.旗,旗帜;旗舰旗flame/ fleim/ n.火焰;光辉;热情flash/ fl??/ n.闪光 vi.闪,闪烁flat/ fl?t/ a.平的,扁平的flat/ fl?t/ n.一套房间;单元住宅flavour/ ‘fleiv?/ n.味,味道;风味fleet/ fli:t/ n.舰队;船队,机群flesh/ fle?/ n.肉,肌肉;肉体flexible/ ‘fleks?bl/ a.易弯曲的;灵活的flight/ flait/ n.航班;飞行;逃跑float/ fl?ut/ vi.漂浮 vt.使漂浮flock/ fl?k/ n.羊群,群;大量flood/ flΛd/ n.洪水 vt.淹没floor/ fl?:/ n.地板;楼层flour/ ‘flau?/ n.面粉,粉;粉状物质flourish/ ‘flΛri?/ vi.繁荣,茂盛,兴旺flow/ fl?u/ vi.流动;飘垂;涨潮flower/ ‘flau?/ n.花,花卉;开花fluent/ ‘flu(:)?nt/ a.流利的,流畅的fluid/ ‘flu(:)id/ n.流体,液体fly/ flai/ n.蝇,苍蝇 vi.飞行英语四级考试大纲词汇:Hhabit/ ‘h?bit/ n.习惯;习性hair/ he?/ n.头发,毛发;毛half/ ha:f/ n.半,一半 a.一半的hall/ h?:l/ n.门厅;过道;会堂halt/ h?:lt/ vi.停止;立定 n.停住hammer/ ‘h?m?/ n.锤,榔头 vt.锤击hand/ h?nd/ n.手;人手;指针handful/ h?ndful/ n.一把;少数,一小撮handkerchief/ ‘h??k?t?if/ n.手帕handle/ ‘h?ndl/ n.柄,把手 vt.拿,触handsome/ ‘h?nds?m/ a.英俊的;相当大的handwriting/ ‘h?ndraiti?/ n.笔迹,手迹,书法handy/ ‘h?ndi/ a.手边的;便于使用的hang/ h??/ vt.挂,悬;吊死happen/ ‘h?p?n/ vi.发生;碰巧,恰好happy/ ‘h?pi/ a.快乐的;幸福的harbour/ ‘ha:b?/ n.海港,港口 vt.庇护hard/ ‘ha:d/ a.硬的;困难的harden/ ‘ha:dn/ vt.使变硬 vi.变硬hardly/ ‘ha:dli/ ad.几乎不,简直不hardship/ ‘ha:d?ip/ n.艰难,困苦hardware/ ‘ha:dwe?/ n.五金器具;硬件harm/ ha:m/ n.伤害,损害 vt.损害harmony/ ‘ha:m?ni/ n.调合,协调,和谐harness/ ‘ha:nis/ vt.治理 n.马具,挽具harsh/ ha:?/ a.严厉的;刺耳的harvest/ ‘ha:vist/ n.收获,收成 vt.收割haste/ heist/ n.急速,急忙;草率hat/ h?t/ n.帽子(一般指有边的)hate/ heit/ vt.恨,憎恨;不喜欢hatred/ ‘heitrid/ n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨have/ h?v, h?v/ v.aux.已经 vt.有;吃hay/ hei/ n.干草hazard/ ‘h?z?d/ n.危险;公害he/ hi:/ pron.(主格)他head/ hed/ n.头;上端 vt.率领headache/ ‘hedeik/ n.头痛;头痛的事heading/ ‘hedi?/ n.标题,题词,题名headline/ ‘hedlain/ n.大字标题;新闻提要headquarters/ ‘hed’kw?:t?z/ n.司令部;总部health/ helθ/ n.健康,健康状况healthy/ ‘helθi/ a.健康的;有益健康的heap/ hi:p/ n.(一)堆;大量hear/ hi?/ vt.听见;审讯;听说heart/ ha:t/ n.心,内心;勇气heat/ hi:t/ n.热,炎热 vi.变热heaven/ ‘hevn/ n.天堂;天,天空heavy/ ‘hevi/ a.重的;大的;充满的hedge/ hed?/ n.篱笆,树篱;障碍物heel/ hi:l/ n.脚后跟,踵,后跟height/ hait/ n.高,高度;高处helicopter/ ‘helik?pt?/ n.直升机hell/ hel/ n.地狱;极大的痛苦hello/ ‘h?’l?u/ int.喂help/ help/ vt.帮助;援助 n.帮手helpful/ ‘helpful/ a.给予帮助的;有用的helpless/ ‘helplis/ a.无助的;无能的hen/ hen/ n.母鸡,雌禽hence/ hens/ ad.因此,所以;今后her/ h?:, h?/ pron.(宾格)她;她的herd/ h?:d/ n.兽群,牧群 vt.放牧here/ hi?/ ad.这里;向这里hero/ ‘hi?r?u/ n.男主角;英雄;勇士her?ic/ hi’r?uik/ a.英雄的;英勇的hers/ h?:z/ pron.她的(所有物) herself/ h?:’self/ pron.她自己;她亲自hesitate/ ‘heziteit/ vi.犹豫,踌躇;含糊hi/ hai/ ini.嗨(表示问候等)hide/ haid/ vt.把…藏起来;隐瞒high/ hai/ a.高的;高级的 ad.高highly/ ‘haili/ ad.高度地,很,非常highway/ ‘haiwei/ n.公路;大路hill/ hil/ n.小山,山岗;丘陵hillside/ ‘hil’said/ n.(小山)山腰,山坡him/ him/ pron.(宾格)他himself/ him’self/ pron.他自己;他亲自hint/ hint/ n.暗示,示意;建议hire/ ‘hai?/ vt.租借 n.租用,雇用his/ his/ pron.他的,他的东西historical/ his’t?rik?l/ a.历史的,有关历史的history/ ‘hist?ri/ n.历史;个人经历hit/ hit/ vt.打;碰撞 n.击hobby/ ‘h?bi/ n.业余爱好,癖好hold/ h?uld/ vt.拿住;掌握;拥有hole/ h?ul/ n.洞;孔眼,裂开处holiday/ ‘h?l?di/ n.假日,节日;假期hollow/ ‘h?l?u/ a.空的;空洞的holy/ ‘h?uli/ a.神圣的;圣洁的home/ h?um/ n.家;家乡 a.家庭的honest/ ‘?nist/ a.诚实的;可敬的honey/ ‘hΛni/ n.蜜,蜂蜜;甜,甜蜜honour/ ‘?n?/ n.光荣;尊敬,敬意honourable/ ‘?n?r?bl/ a.诚实的`;光荣的hook/ huk/ n.钩,挂钩 vt.钩住hope/ h?up/ n.&vt.&vi.希望hopeful/ ‘h?upful/ a.有希望的hopeless/ ‘h?uplis/ a.没有希望的,绝望的horizon/ h?’raizn/ n.地平线;眼界,见识horizontal/ h?ri’z?ntl/ a.地平的;水平的horn/ h?:n/ n.号角;警报器;角horror/ ‘h?r?/ n.恐怖;战栗;憎恶horse/ h?:s/ n.马;马科动物horsepower/ ‘h?:spau?/ n.马力hospital/ ‘h?spitl/ n.医院host/ h?ust/ n.主人;东道主hostile/ ‘h?stail/ a.敌方的;不友善的hot/ h?t/ a.热的;刺激的;辣的hotel/ h?u’tel/ n.旅馆hou r/ ‘au?/ n.小时;时间,时刻house/ haus/ n.房屋,住宅;商号household/ ‘haush?uld/ n.家庭,户;家务housewife/ ‘hauswaif/ n.家庭主妇how/ hau/ ad.怎么;怎样;多少however/ hau’ev?/ ad.然而;不管怎样huge/ hju:d?/ a.巨大的,庞大的human/ ‘hju:m?n/ a.人的,人类的 n.人humble/ ‘hΛmbl/ a.谦逊的;地位低下的humorous/ ‘hju:m?r?s/ a.富于幽默的,诙谐的humour/ ‘hju:m?/ n.幽默,诙谐,幽默感hundred/ ‘hΛndrid/ num.百,百个 n.许多hunger/ ‘hΛ?g?/ n.饿,饥饿;渴望hungry/ ‘hΛ?gri/ a.饥饿的;渴望的hunt/ hΛnt/ n.打猎;搜寻 vt.追猎hurry/ ‘hΛri/ vi.赶紧 vt.催促hurt/ h?:t/ vt.使受伤;使痛心husband/ ‘hΛzb?nd/ n.丈夫hut/ hΛt/ n.小屋,棚屋hydrogen/ ‘haidrid??n/ n.氢英语四级考试大纲词汇:Uultimate/ ‘Λltimit/ a.最后的,最终的unconscious/ Λn’ks/ a.不省人事的uncover/ Λn’kΛv?/ vt.揭开…的盖子undergo/ Λnd?’g?u/ vt.经历,经受,忍受undergraduate/ Λnd?’gr?djuit/ n.大学在校生underline/ Λnd?’lain/ vt.划线于…之下underneath/ Λnd?’ni:θ/ ad.在下面,在底下undertake/ Λnd?’teik/ vt.从事;承担;保证undo/ ‘Λn’du:/ vt.解开,打开;取消undoubtedly/ Λn’dautidli/ ad.无容置疑,肯定地uneasy/ Λn’i:zi/ a.心神不安的,忧虑的unexpected/ ‘Λniks’pektid/ a.想不到的,意外的uniform/ ‘ju:nif?:m/ a.一样的 n.制服union/ ‘ju:nj?n/ n.联合;团结;协会unique/ ju:’ni:k/ a.唯一的,独一无二的unit/ ‘ju:nit/ n.单位;单元;部件unite/ ju’nait/ vi.联合 vt.使联合unity/ ‘ju:niti/ n.单一;统一;团结universal/ ju:ni’v?:s?l/ a.宇宙的;普遍的unknown/ ‘Λn’n?un/ a.不知道的;未知的unless/ ‘Λn’les/ conj.除非,如果不unlike/ ‘Λn’laik/ a.不同的 prep.不象…unlikely/ Λn’laikli/ a.未必的,未必可能的unl oad/ Λn’l?ud/ vt.卸(货) vi.卸货upper/ ‘Λp?/ a.上面的;地位较高的upright/ ‘Λprait/ a.垂直的;正直的upset/ Λp’set/ vt.弄翻,打翻,倾覆up-to-date/ ‘Λpt?’deit/ a.直到最近的,现代的upward/ ‘Λpw?d/ a.向上的,上升的urban/ ‘?:b?n/ a. 都市的,住在都市的urge/ ?:d?/ vt.推进;催促 n.冲动urgent/ ‘?:d??nt/ a.紧急的;强求的usag e/ ‘ju:zid?/ n.使用,对待;惯用法utility/ ju:’tiliti/ n.效用,有用,实用utilize/ ‘ju:tilaiz/ vt.利用utmost/ ‘Λtm?ust/ a.最远的 n.极限utter/ ‘Λt?/ a.完全的,彻底的utter/ ‘Λt?/ vt.发出,说,讲【英语四级考试大纲词汇】。

大学英语综合教程2 Unit1~5单词释义及句子翻译

大学英语综合教程2  Unit1~5单词释义及句子翻译

Unit1anklen.踝,踝节部bankn.银行,储库boltv.逃跑,猛冲buttn.屁股calf n.小腿肚careen v.使倾斜colleague n.同事confusionn.混乱descent n.下降devastatinga.毁灭性的dilemman.困难的选择drawstringn.拉绳flightn.一段楼梯或阶梯gaspn.喘气声heavyseta.体格魁伟的illusionn.幻觉lash v.猛烈地冲击lobby n.大厅,休息室pandemonium n.喧嚣;极端混乱嘈杂的地方purgatoryn.灾难;涤罪ripv.撕rumblen.隆隆声sap soakv.浸,泡spasmn.抽筋stairwelln.楼梯井swayv.摇晃ultimatea.极端的cast into 卷入find one’s way to找到guinea pig豚鼠off and on断断续续wade into 涉入window shade 百叶窗1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术,令观众仿佛身临其境Thanks to modern technology, the film about that ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves.2.在那场大火中,整个古城毁于一旦,但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived.3.他们看了那段录像,听了那位妇女的讲述,心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake.4.那场大地震中,我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹,他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生,献出了自己的生命In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives.5.豫园的建造始于1558年,但由于资金短缺时建时停,1578年才建成The construction of the Y u Y uan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money.6.1980年我遇到她时,她刚从国外读完硕士回来In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree.7.这是我第一次来纽约,但我还是设法找到了那家小公司It was my first visit to New Y ork, but I managed to find my way to the little firm.8.在电影界要达到顶峰是非常困难的,但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it.unit2accomplished a.完成的adolescent a.青春期的n.aging 老龄化过程agony n.痛苦apta.有???倾向,易于???aspectn.方面awaitv.等待blazer contentmentn.满足contradict v.反驳,同???矛盾contrastn.明显的差异convincev.使信服criticala.决定性的,关键的delayv.使耽搁,延期deviln.邪恶diet v.节食distinct a.明显的,显著的feverishlyad.激动地frame n.框架;体格freak n.怪人jogv.慢跑lanklya.瘦的,细长的loose-fittingq.宽大的megadosen.(维生素等)大剂量musculara.肌肉的pleadv.央求,恳求premise n.前提pursuev.从事quirkn.怪癖saint n.圣经sanity n.神智健全;头脑清楚slicen.片tailorv.缝制teen n.青少年though ad.但是un-American unsettlinga.使人不安的waist n.腰wiry a.瘦而结实的worshipv.崇拜be obsessed with 痴迷于keep score 记分milk shake奶昔pecan pie 山核桃馅饼take up with 开始于???来往;开始产生兴趣work out 锻炼1.如今许多爱慕虚荣的年轻人,尽管还不富裕,但却迷上了漂亮的小轿车Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them.2.当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后,他们的婚姻终于破裂了Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3.那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感,在农村住了三年,放弃了生活上的许多享受For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life.4.我不知道明天去崇明岛的远足活动能不能成行,因为这要取决于会不会下雨I’m not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is at the mercy of the weather.5.他早年到日本学医,回国后却改变了主意,一辈子从事文学创作When he was young he went to Japan to learn medicine, but after he returned to China he changed his mind and pursued a career as a writer all his life.6.她最近和足以做他父亲的老头好上了。

2020年英语四级词汇(完整版带音标)

2020年英语四级词汇(完整版带音标)

2020年英语四级词汇完整版带音标一、A字头词汇1. ability [ə'bɪləti] n. 能力,才能2. abnormal [æb'nɔːml] a. 反常的,不正常的3. aboard [ə'bɔːd] ad. 在船(车、飞机)上; prep. 在船(车、飞机)上4. absence [ˈæbsəns] n. 缺席,不在场;缺乏,不存在5. absolute [ˈæbsəluːt] a. 绝对的,完全的;确实的,肯定的二、B字头词汇1. background ['bækgraʊnd] n. 背景,后台;基础2. badge [bædʒ] n. 徽章,证章;标记,象征3. bag [bæg] n. 包,袋4. bake [beɪk] v. 烤,烘,焙;烧硬5. balance ['bæləns] n. 平衡,均衡;天平,秤三、C字头词汇1. campus ['kæmpəs] n. 校园,学校场地2. canal [kə'næl] n. 运河;沟渠;管3. cancel ['kænsəl] v. 取消,废除;抵消,对消4. cancer ['kæn sə] n. 癌,癌症,肿瘤5. candidate ['kændɪdeɪt] n. 候选人;投考者四、D字头词汇1. danger ['deɪndʒər] n. 危险,威胁;危险事物2. dark [dɑːrk] a. 黑暗的,深色的;隐秘的3. data ['deɪtə] n. 数据,资料4. database ['deɪtəbeɪs] n. 数据库5. date [deɪt] n. 日期;约会;年代; vt. 约会;注明日期五、E字头词汇1. earth [ɜːrθ] n. 地球;土地,土壤;大地2. ease [iz] n. 容易,轻易;舒适,悠闲3. east [iːst] n. 东方,东部; a. 东方的,东部的4. economic [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk] a. 经济的,经济上的5. economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi] n. 经济;节约,节省六、F字头词汇1. fact [fækt] n. 事实,真相;实际2. factor ['fæktər] n. 因素,要素3. factory ['fæktri] n. 工厂,制造厂4. fade [feɪd] v. 褪色,枯萎;减弱,消失5. failure ['feɪljər] n. 失败,不及格;失败的人(或事)七、G字头词汇1. gain [geɪn] v. 获得,赢得;增加2. game [geɪm] n. 游戏,运动;比赛3. gap [gæp] n. 间隔,差距;缺口,裂口4. garden ['ɡɑːrdən] n. 花园,菜园5. general ['dʒenrəl] a. 全体的,普遍的;一般的,普通的学习英语四级词汇,不仅要记住单词的意思,还要掌握正确的发音。

医学英语单词

医学英语单词

Unit 21. osteoporosis 骨质疏松症osteo- 骨的osteoarthritis-itis 炎症osteomyelitisrheumatoid arthritis2. neuromuscular 神经肌肉的neuro- 神经的neuroanatomyneurodynamics3. Hysterectomy 子宫切除术hyster- 子宫的;癔病的hystera / hysteria4. Hypogonadism 性腺机能减退hypo- 低,少,次hypoandrogenism hypoacidityhyper- 高,多hypertension hypercalcinemia5. glucocorticoid 糖类肾上腺皮质激素gluco- 甘,糖6.corticosteroid 皮质类固醇cortic- 皮质steroid 类固醇7.endocrine 内分泌endo- 内,在内8.BMD = bone mineral density 骨密度BMI = body mass index 身高体重比Unit 31,Homo-同型,等,似,高Homologous同源染色体, ,同种(异体)的Homosexual 同性恋的homocellular同种细胞的,同一细胞的,同型细胞的2,Patho- 病理;苦; 病Pathogen 病原体Pathology 病理学Pathoanatomy 病理解剖学lipo-脂(的)Lipid 类脂(化合)物,油脂,脂(类),脂质Lipoidase 脂酶Lipoprotein 脂蛋白质3ase 酶alcoholase醇酶reductase 还原酶transferase转移酶4.poly- 多,聚•Polyester 聚脂•Polymer•Polyethylene 聚乙烯•carboxy-羧基•Transcarboxylase 转羧酶Carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶5. -some 体,颗粒•Biosome 生物体chondriosome 线粒体•-emia 血症•acid(a)emia 酸血[症]•leukemiathalassemia珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血,地中海贫血6.somatic躯体的,体壁的,体细胞的,菌体的,躯体性的germline 种系unit 41.neurodegenerative 神经变性的degenerative 变性的,退化的,变质的2.bradykinesia 运动过慢brady- 缓慢,迟钝bradycardia 心动过缓,心搏徐缓akinesia 运动不能,暂时性肌麻庳dyskinesia 运动障碍3. idiopathic 自发性的, 原发性的,,特发的idio- 独有的, 不同的, 特异, 自, 自发pathic 被害者4. dopamine 多巴胺levodopa 左旋多巴carbidopa 卡比多巴5.corpus striatum(pl. corpora striata) 纹状体6.agonist 主动肌,主缩肌(与拮抗肌对立);显效剂,促效药7. apomorphine 阿朴吗啡,去水吗啡apo- 离,脱,脱辅基-,-蛋白(部分)8. ablative surgery 切除手术Unit 5A1. cardiovascular 心血管的cardio - 心,心脏vascular 脉管的,血管的,维管的eg. cardioaoticcardiologydermovascular2. cholesterol 胆固醇chole –胆,胆汁cholecyst gallbladder– sterol 固醇, 甾醇steroid 类固醇hypercholesterolemia– emia 血症3. embolus 栓子thrombus 血栓clot 凝块plaque 斑块thrombosis 血栓形成4. endothelium 内皮(组织)endo- 内,在内,桥theli- (skin)endocardium 心内膜epithelium 上皮(组织)mesepithelium 间皮5. triglyceride甘油三酯,三酸甘油酯glyc- 糖,甘油glyceride 甘油酯6. lipoprotein 脂蛋白lipo- 脂的lipoblast 成脂细胞lipid 脂质,油脂phospholipid 磷脂7.chylomicron 乳糜微粒chylo- 乳糜micron 微米8. mg/dl [=milligrams per deciliter]毫克/分升9. premature 早产儿,早熟的,早发10. prostaglandin 前列腺素11. trans fat 反式脂肪Unit 5B1. hemo- 血-rrhage 流出,溢出,流血hemoglobin 血红蛋白hemodialysis 血液透析lymphorrhage 淋巴细胞集积 arachnoid 蛛网膜intracranial arachnoidspinal arachnoidsubarachnoidTIA ( transient ischemic attack) ischemic 局部缺血的ischemia n.transient immunitypermanent immunityatrial/ auricular fibrillationbenign atrial fibrillationventricular fibrillationparalyze v.aphasia-phasia 言语dysphagia-phagia 噬,食bacteriophagiaunit 81. mycobacterium 分支杆菌属pl. mycobacteriamyco- 真菌mycobacteriophage(dysphagia)2. capreomycin 卷曲霉素kanamycin 卡那霉素- mycin 霉菌素erythromycinroxythromycinazithromycin3. genotype 基因型geno- 种族,遗传genodermatology 遗传性皮肤病学genome基因组genopathy 遗传病,基因病4. infrastructure 基础设施infra- 下infraclavicular 锁骨下的5. immunocompetence 免疫活性immuno- 免疫的immunocyteimmunodepressant6. susceptibility n.易感性,敏感性susceptible adj.be susceptible to sth.Unit 101-pahty 病retinopathynephropathyneuropathy1. retinopathyretino- 视网膜retinaretinocytomaretinotomy2. nephropathy 肾病nephro- 肾nephropyelitisnephrosclerosisnephros = kidney3. heterogeneous 异种的hetero- 异heteroantibodyheteroallele4. xenograft 异种移植xeno- 异xenoantibody5. hyperglycemia 高血糖(hyper- glyc -emia / -aemia)glycemicanoxaemia anemia / anaemiaaglycaemiahyperinsulinemiaUnit 10 Text A1. retinopathyretino- 视网膜retinaretinocytomaretinotomy2. nephropathy 肾病nephro- 肾nephropyelitisnephrosclerosisnephros = kidney3. heterogeneous 异种的hetero- 异heteroantibody heteroallele4. xenograft 异种移植xeno- 异xenoantibody5. hyperglycemia 高血糖(hyper- glyc -emia / -aemia) glycemicanoxaemia anemia / anaemia aglycaemiahyperinsulinemiaUnit 11 Text A1.obstetrics n. 产科学,助产术obstetrical adj.obstetrician n. 产科医生2.neonate n. 新生儿neo- 新neonatal adj. neonatology n. antenatal ante- 在……之前perinatal peri- 周围,近postnatal post- 在……之后3.malpractice 治疗失当mal- 坏,不良,错误malabsorption 吸收不良malfunction 机能障碍4.AB(abortion)Ambloma /ectromaEffluxion /embryotociaMiscarriage均为流产意思5.placenta n.placenta praevia(拉)placental adj.placental abruption 胎盘早剥placental apnea 胎盘性窒息placental expulsion 胎盘娩出6.brachial 臂的,肱的,腕的brachial plexus 臂神经丛,臂丛brachial plexus neuralgia 臂丛神经痛brachial plexus palsy 臂麻痹brachial plexus injury 臂丛损伤3.Unit 121.infarcted (血管) 梗塞的~ area 梗塞面积(范围)~ myocardium = myocardial infarction 心肌梗塞(死)4.de fibrilate vt. 去纤颤de fibrillation n.de hydrate (脱水)de oxyginate (脱氧)de contaminate (净化,给……去污)3.cardio pulmonary adj. 心肺的~ resuscitation 心肺复苏~ disease 心肺疾病cardio vascular 心血管的cardio cerebral 心脑的cardio genic 心源性的4.inpatient / in-patient n. 住院病人outpatient / out-patient 门诊病人5.oxyginate v.氧化de oxyginate 脱氧oxygination n.de oxygination n.6.intra thoracic adj. 胸内的,胸廓的extra thoracic 胸腔外的7.intra cellular 细胞内的intra venous 静脉内的intra muscular 肌(肉)内的8.perfuse vt. 灌注9.electro cardiographic adj. 心电图仪的electro cardiography 心电图描记法electro cardiogram 心电图10.anti arrhythmic adj. 抗心律不齐的arrhythmic adj. 心律不齐的arrhythmia n. 心律不齐(失常) 11.hypo thermia n.体温过低hyper thermia n. 体温过高12.precordial adj. 心前区的~ discomfort 心前区不适~ pain 心前区疼痛precordium n. 心前区,心窝13.asystole = asystolia / cardiac arrests n.n。

肿瘤英语单词

肿瘤英语单词

肿瘤:tumor neoplasm 肉瘤:sarcom 恶性:malignancy 良性:Benign 播散:dissemination; spreading 转移:metastasis 治疗:therapy 诊断:diagnosis 临床表现:clinical situation 临床分级:clinical scale 手术后:post- operation 肿大:tumefaction 肿胀:tumentia 咯血:hemoptysis 咳痰:expectoration 痰:sputum 痰培养:sputum cultivation 气短:Breathlessness 发热:febrile 寒战:chill; rigor; shiver; chills;shivered; shivering 胸水:pleural fluid肺炎:① pn eum onia ② pn eum on itis ③ pul mon itis 阻塞性肺炎:obstructive pneumonia 呼吸困难:dyspnoea; dyspnea 心慌:flustered; panicky 胸腔积液:pleural effusion; hydrothorax 心包积液:pericardial effusion;hydropericardium渗出物:effusion 喘:gasp;to pant; breathe heavly 上腹不适:superior belly malaise; upset 盗汗:night sweats 声音嘶哑:voice; phono-; sound Hoarseness 支架:cage;carriage;cradle 进食困难:eating difficulty 吞咽困难:dysphagia 口服:oral 良性息肉:benign polyps 癌变:carcinomatous 房颤:atrial fibrillation 发作:attack 鼻饲:nasal feeding 嗳气:belch; belching; burping; eructation 搔痒:to tickle; to scratch an itch 衰弱:weakness 躁动:restlessness 口腔溃疡:canker sore; oral ulcer; ulcer of mouth 脱发:alopecia; loss of hair; baldness 感觉减退:hypoesthesia;hypesthesia 疼痛:ache;Aching;Pain 全身痛:pantalgia 乳腺痛:mastalgia 胸痛:chest pain腹痛:abdo minal pain ② abdo min algia背痛:backache; notalgia; dorsodynia; Dorsalgia腰痛:lumbag胸部压痛:tenderness of chest 便秘:constipation 大便失禁:encopresis; fecal incontinence ;scatacratia尿潴留:urinary retention 恶心:nausea 呕吐:omitting 咖啡样呕吐物:caffee-ground vomit 呕血:hematemesis; Vomiting of blood 上消化道出血:hemorrhage of upper digestive tract; upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 便血:hematochezia 柏油样便:tarry stools腹泻:diarrhoea;diarrhea;diarrhea 排尿时里急后重:vesical tenesmus 尿失禁:urinary incontinence 食欲:appetite 恶液质:dyscrasia 倦怠:lassitude恶病质:cachecxia cachexy 低蛋白血症:hypoproteinemia 全身水肿:hyposarca消瘦:emaciation; marasmus; marcor; thinness; tabification 贫血:anemia类白血病反应:leukemoid reaction 白血病:leukemia 白细胞:leucocyte红细胞:erythrocyte血小板:blood platelet; thrombocyte; 血红蛋白:ferrohemoglobin白细胞减少:leucocytopenia; leukopenia 血小板减少:thrombocytopenia 骨髓抑制bone marrow depression :淋巴结:lymph node胸腺:① thymus②thymus gland锁骨上淋巴结:supraclavicular lymph nodes 锁骨下淋巴结:subclavicular lymph node 腋窝淋巴结axillary lymph node 耳后淋巴结:posterior auricular lymph node 腹股沟淋巴结:inguinal lymph node;lymph node of groin颈淋巴结:cervical lymph node;jugular lymph node纵隔:mediastina纵隔后淋巴结: posterior mediastinal lymph nodes 活组织检查;活体解剖:biopsy 淋巴结细针吸活组织检查:fine needle biopsy of lymph node淋巴结细针吸引活组织检查:fine needle aspiration biopsy of lymph node恶性淋巴瘤:burkitt's lymphoma; malignant lymphoma何杰金氏病:malignant lymphogranulomatosis;Hodgkin's disease蕈样霉菌病:mycosis fungoides恶性黑色素瘤:malignant melanoma 鼻甲:conchae;Concha nasalis;nasal turbinate; nasoturbinal concha;turbinate; turbinates鼻甲切除术:conchectomy+病理诊断:pathologic diagnosis 喉鳞状细胞癌:aaryngeal squamous carcinoma 食道癌:esophageal cancer小细胞肺癌:SCLC;small cell lung cancer 非小细胞肺癌:NSCLC;non-small cell lung cancer间皮瘤:mesothelioma胸膜:pleura乳腺癌:mammary cancer ;乳腺Paget 病和导管内癌:Paget's disease and intraductal carcinoma of breast乳腺浸润性癌:IBC;invasive breast cancer 乳腺囊肿:galactocele; lactocele 乳腺硬癌:mastoscirrhus 髓样癌:medullary carcinoma乙型肝炎:hepatitis B 肝硬化:cirrhosis of liver 肝昏迷:hepatic coma 前驱期:prodromal period 潜伏期:incubation period; latent period 初期:incipient stage 静止期:quiescent stage 恢复期:convalescent stage 碱性磷酸酶:alkaline phosphatase 酸性磷酸酶:acid phosphatase 谷草转氨酶:glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase 谷丙转氨酶:glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 门静脉高压:portal hypertension 慢性胆囊炎:chronic cholecystitis 胆管炎:cholangitis 胆石症:gallstone胆色素:bile pigments; porphobilin 胆囊炎:cholecystitis胆囊脓肿:abscess of gallbladder 胆囊囊肿:cyst of gallbladder 梗阻性黄疸:obstructive jaundice 胰腺癌:pancreatic cancer; pancreatic carcinoma 胰岛细胞癌:Islet cell carcinoma胰岛素瘤:insulinoma; insuloma胰头:head of pancreas 壶腹周围癌:Bottle belly around cancer 粘膜:mucosa 腹膜:Peritoneum 腹膜后:retroperitoneum脾: spleen〔动〕;lien; lineal 腹部穿剌术:Abdominal paracentesis 肾:kidney肾结石:calculus of kidney; kidney stone; nephrolithiasis; renal stone;renal calculus 肾上腺:suprarenal gland; adrenal gland 膀胱:bladder ; cysr-; cysto-; urocyst 子宫:metra-;metro- 子宫癌:cancer of the womb子宫肌瘤:hysteromyoma; myoma of uterus 子宫体癌(子宫内膜癌):carcinoma of corpusuteri; carcinoma of endometrium 子宫囊肿:cyst of uterus 卵巢囊肿:ovarian cyst 子宫不规则出血:metrorrhagia子宫镜;子宫镜检查:metroscop 肌瘤:myoma 卵巢:oophoro-;ovario- 卵巢的:ovarian 输卵管:fallopian tube;oviduct;uterine tube 附件癌:adnexal carcinoma 妇产科学: OB-GYN(obstetric-gynaecolog) ;obstertrics-gynecolog(abb. OBGyN) 妇科学: gynecology 盆腔:pelvic kidney 盆腔肿块:Pelvic lump 肛门:anus 降结肠癌:descending colon carcinoma 直肠癌:rectal cancer; pimeloma;carcinoma of rectum大肠癌:前列腺:prostate 前列腺肥大:prostatic hyperplasia;prostatauxe 动脉瘤:aneurysm 脑胶质瘤:brain glioma 脑垂体瘤:brain pituitary tumour 皮肤:skin; strap; leash; cutis 滑膜肉瘤:synovial sarcoma 恶性黑色素瘤:malignant melanoma 胃镜:gastroscope 胃溃疡:gastric ulcer; stomach ulcer 泌尿道结石:urinary stone 绝经:menopause 绝经后期:postmenopause 绝经后出血:postmenopausal bleeding 雌激素:estrin; estrogen;Estrogens 雄激素:androgen 雌激素受体:estrin ( estrogen;Estrogens ) receptor孕酮:progesterone; corlutin; flavolutan;fologenon;esterol;gestone;gestormone;gestron;l ipo-lutin;sistociclina;syngesterone;proluton;progestone;progesterol;progekan;primolut;pregnen edione芳香化酶抑制剂:arimedex; exemestane;fadrozol; vorozole 阳性:positive 阴性:negative 病理性骨折:pathologic fracture石膏:plaster;gypsum 石膏固定术:plaster immobilization 病理诊断:pathologic diagnosis 病理组织学检查:histopathologic examinationB 超:B-model ultrasound scanningECG 心电图:electrocardiogram;( echocardiogram 超声心动图;electrocardiograph 心电描记器, 心电图机;)MRI :磁共振成象PSA: Prostate specific antigen 前列腺特异抗原免疫功能:immunological function 免疫系统:immune system 神经系统:nervous system 腺癌:adenocarcinoma 鳞癌:squamous carcinoma 鳞腺癌:adeno-squamous carcinoma 未分化癌:undifferentiated carcinoma 单纯癌:carcinoma simplex 硬癌:inocarcinoma 汗腺癌:Sweat gland carcinoma 印戒细胞癌:signet-ring cell carcinoma 粘液细胞癌:mucilage cell;mucous cell carcinoma 类癌:carcinoid 甲状腺髓样癌:medullary thyroid carcinoma 大肠癌:large intestine carcinoma 白血病:Leukemia急性淋巴细胞白血病:acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ALL慢性粒细胞白血病:chronic myelocytic leukemia; chronic granulocytic leukemia; CML; CGL 骨肉瘤:osteosarcoma;osteogenic sarcoma 肾细胞癌:renal cell carcinoma 分化:differentiation 免疫功能:immunological function 死亡率:mortality 辅助化疗:adjuvant chemotherapy 新辅助化疗:neoadjuvant chemotherapy 诱导化疗:induction chemotherapy 放射疗法:Radiation; radiation theraphy; radiotherapeutics; radiotherapy 生物疗法:biological therapy生物反应调节剂:BRM;biological response modifier(s)中药疗法:the traditional Chinese medicinetherapy瘤苗:外周血干细胞移植:方案:pathologic fracture ;spontaneous fracture反应:response副反应:side effectBLM :博来霉素:BleomycinPYM :平阳霉素:Pingyangmycin;Bleomycin A5DDP :顺铂:CisplatinCBP :卡铂:Carboplatin草酸铂:oxaliplatinHCPT :羟基喜树碱:HydroxycamptothecinCTX :环磷酰胺:Cyclophosphamide5-Fu :氟尿嘧啶:5-FluorouracilFYL :氟铁龙:FortulonFI-207 :替加氟:TegafurHCFU :卡莫氟,嘧氟禄:CarmofurIFN :干扰素:InterferonIL-2 :白细胞介素-2:Intelukin2MTX :氨甲蝶呤:MethotrexatePDN :强的松:PrednisoneTAM :他莫西芬(三苯氧胺):TamoxifenMA :甲地孕酮:Megestrol acetate;MebaceMPA :甲孕酮:Medroxyprogesterone acetate ; Provera; Veramix;MIT :米托蒽醌:Mitoxantrone;Noventrone TAX :紫杉醇:Paclitexal:泰素:Taxol:泰素蒂:Taxotere;DocetaxolVCR :长春新碱:VincristineVLB :长春花碱:VinblastineVDS :长春酰胺:VindesineNVB :诺维本(去甲长春花碱):NovelbineVP-16 :足叶乙甙(依托泊甙):EtoposideVM-26 :威猛(替尼泊甙):TeniposideADM :阿霉素:AdriamycinTHP :吡喃阿霉素:THP-adriamycin; Pirarubicin EPI :表阿霉素:EpirubicinMMC :丝裂霉素:Mitomycin CCSF:集落刺激因子:colony stimulating factor并发症:complication并发病:complicating diseases流行病:epidemic disease遗传病:inherited disease职业病:occupational disease传染病:infectious disease主诉:chief complaint临床表现:clinical manifestation;clinical situation病史:history; medical history既往史:past history个人史:personal history分娩史:delivery history月经史:menarche初潮:menarche闭经:menopause; menoschesis;amenorrhea; amenia家族史:family history发病机制:pathogenesis; nosogenesis 婚姻状况:marital status 症状:symptom主要症状:cardinal symptom 典型症状:classical symptom 伴发症状:concomitant symptom 全身症状:constitutional(systemic) symptom 间接症状:indirect symptom 诱发症状:induced symptom 局部症状:local symptom 精神症状:mental symptom 听诊:auscultation 视诊:inspection 触诊:palpation 叩诊:Percussion 谵妄:delirium 哮喘:asthma 穿孔:perforation 溃疡:ulceration 坏死:necrosis 出汗,大量出汗:diaphoresis; sweating; perspiration;盗汗:night sweat消瘦:emaciation; marasmus; marcor; thinness;tabification。

全国医学博士英语统一考试单词2

全国医学博士英语统一考试单词2

nocturia n.夜尿nocturnal a.夜间的;夜发的node n.节;结;瘤;中心点nodule n.小结节,小瘤nomenclature n.名称;术语;命名(法),术语集nominate v. 提名;指定;任命nomination n.提名;任命nonreversible a.不可逆的nonsense n. 胡说;废话nonsignificant a.无足轻重的,无意义的nonspecific a.非特异性的nostril n.鼻孔notable a. 值得注意的;著名的;显著的n.名人notary n.公证人,公证员noticeable a.显而易见的;值得注意的;重要的notion n.概念;想法;打算,意图notorious a.臭名昭著的;声名狼藉的notwithstanding prep.尽管ad.尽管,还是conj.虽然;尽管nought n./a.无,零nourish v.施肥于;提供养分;养育nourishment n.食物,滋养品novel a.新颖的;新奇的n.长篇小说novelty n. 新奇;新颖noxious a.有害的;不卫生的;有毒的nuclear a.核的;核心的;原子核的nucleus n.核;核心;原子核;细胞核nude n.裸体的;光秃的;肉色的nuisance n.麻烦事;讨厌的人(或事)numb a.麻木的;失去感觉的numberical a.数字的,用数字表示的,数值的numerous a.众多的,大批的,无数的nursery n.托儿所,保育室;苗圃;繁殖场nurture n.营养物,食物;培育;养育;教养nutrient n.营养品a.营养的;滋养的nutriology n.营养学nyctalopia n.夜盲症nylon n.尼龙oaf n. 畸形儿;痴儿;笨汉oak n. 橡树,橡木a.橡木制的oar n. 桨,橹v.划船,划行oat n. 燕麦oath n. 誓约;誓言oatmeal n. 燕麦片;燕麦粥obesity n. 肥胖症obligation n. 义务,责任oblige v. 迫使;责成;使感激,施恩obliterate v.擦去;涂抹;去掉…痕迹;消失;除去oblivious a.忘却的;健忘的obscure a.暗的;朦胧的;模糊的;不清楚的;偏僻的v.使暗,使黑暗;遮掩;使失色observation n.观察;监视;言论,意见observe v.遵守;奉行;观察,注意到;看到;说,评述observer n.遵守者;观察员,观察家;评述者obsess v.使着迷;迷(缠)着;使烦扰obstacle n.障碍;妨碍obstetrics n.产科学;助产术obstinate a.固执的;顽强的obstruct v.阻塞,堵塞;阻挡,,阻止;设置障碍obstruction n.阻塞,堵塞;障碍物occasion n.场合,时节;时刻v.引起occasional a.偶然的;不时的v. 闭塞的;堵塞;(牙齿)咬合occult a.隐(伏)的;潜隐性的;秘密的ocular a.眼的;视觉的;目击的odds n.不平等;差异;差距;可能性odo(u)r n.气味;香气;臭气offence(-se) n.犯法;犯规,过错;冒犯;触怒;进攻offend v.冒犯;触犯;得罪;使不快;使恼火offensive a.冒犯的,攻击的n.攻势;进攻officinal a.药房现成有售的;依据药典配制的;药用的n.成药;药用植物officious a.过分殷勤的;好管闲事的;非官方(正式)的offset n./v.分支;抵消;补偿omen n.预兆,兆头ominous a.不祥的,不吉的;预兆的,预示的oncology n.肿瘤学onion n. 洋葱opaque a.不透光的;不反光的,不传导的;晦涩的opera n.歌剧ophthalmology n.眼科学opiate n.鸦片制剂opium n.鸦片;麻醉剂opponent n.对手;敌手a.对立的;反对的opportunity n.机会oppress v.压迫;压制;压抑oppression n.压迫,压制;压制物;沉闷;压抑opt v.抉择,选择optical a.眼的,视力的; 视觉的;光学的optics n.(用作单或复)光学optimal a.最适宜的;最理想的;最令人满意的optimism n.乐观;乐观主义optimistic a.乐观的;乐观主义的optimize v.使尽可能完善;(表示)乐optimize v.使尽可能完善;(表示)乐观optimum n.最佳;最适条件;最适当的食物量option n.选择;选择权;选择自由optional a.可任意选择的;非强制的optometrist n.配镜师orbit n.眼眶,眼窝;轨道v.作轨道运行orchard n.果园orchestra n.管弦乐队ordeal n.严峻;考验;折磨organ n.器官;风琴organelle n.细胞器;小器官organic a.器官的;有机的organism n.有机体;生物orient n.东方v.定位oriental a.东方的n.东方人orifice n.孔,口originality n.创造力;独创性;创见,创举originally ad.最初地;有独创性地originate v.起源,发生;首创;创始ornament n.装饰,装饰品v.装饰ornamental a.装饰的;作装饰用的n.装饰品;观赏植物orphan n.孤儿a.无父母的;无父(或母)的;孤儿的orthopedics n.矫形外科学osmosis n.渗透(作用)osteoma n.骨瘤ostrich n.鸵鸟otitis n.耳炎otorhinolaryngology(otolaryngology) n.耳鼻喉科学outpatient n.门诊病人outrageous a.蛮横的;残暴的;无耻的outskirts n.郊区oval a.卵形的;椭圆形的n.卵形物ovary n.卵巢oven n.炉,灶;烘箱overactivity n.活动过度;过度活跃overall a.全面的;综合的n.工作服;罩衫;(pl.)工作裤overcast n.阴天a.阴暗的;郁闷的overflow v.使涨满;溢出;流出;漫出oversleeve n.袖套overt a.公开的;明显的overthrow v./n.推翻;颠覆overwhelm v.压倒;制服ovum n.卵细胞oxide n.氧化物oyster n. 牡蛎ozone n. 臭氧pad n.垫,衬垫;便笺本v.填塞paddle n.桨v.用桨划pagoda n.塔pail n.提桶painstaking a.苦干的;艰苦的,费力的;刻苦的pal n.好朋友,伙伴v.成伙伴palate n.腭palliate v.减轻;缓和palliative a. 姑息的;治标的pallor a. 苍白;灰白palm n. 手掌;棕榈palpation n. 触诊palpitate v. 悸动;急速地跳动palsy n.瘫痪;中风,痉挛pamphlet n.小册子pancake n.薄煎饼pancreas n.胰(腺)pandemic a. 流行的;传染的n.传染病panel n.专门小组;面;板;控制板,操纵盘panic n. 恐慌;惊慌a.恐慌的;惊慌的pant n.v.气喘;心跳pants n.裤子pap n.软食;半流质食物papula n.丘疹;小突起parachute n.降落伞v.用降落伞降落parade n.游行;检阅v.游行paradise n.天堂paragraph n.段落,节;短讯;短评parallel a.平行的,与…平行的n.平行线,纬线;对比paralyse v.使麻痹,使瘫痪paralysis n.麻痹,瘫痪paralyze v.使麻痹,使瘫痪paraphrase n.释义;意译v.将…释义(意译)parasite n.寄生虫;寄生菌;食客parcel n.小包,包裹;(土地的)一块parenterally ad.不经肠道parish n.教区parliament n. 国会;议会parliamentary a.议会的;国会的parlo(u)r n.客厅;休息室paroxysm n.阵发;突发parrot n.鹦鹉partial a.部分的,局部的;偏爱的,不公平的participant n.参加者;参与者a.参与的participate v.参与;参加;分享;分担participation n. 参与;参加;分享particle n. 粒子;微粒;小品词;虚词partition n.分开;隔开物;隔开部分passion n.热情,激情;爱好;激怒;大怒passionate a.热情的;热烈的;激昂的;易动情的;易怒的;性情暴躁的passive a. 被动的;消极的paste n. 浆糊,糊状物v.粘,贴patch n.小片;小块;补钉;膏药;斑v.补,修补patent a.专利的;特许的n.专利;专利权v.给予…专利权;获得…专利权pathogen n.病原体pathology n.病理学pathophsiology n.病理生理学patience n.耐心;忍耐patient a.有耐心的;能忍耐的n.病人,患者patriot n.爱国者patriotic a.爱国的patrol n.巡逻;巡逻队v.巡逻pattern n.模式;式样;图案;花样v.仿制;模仿pave v. 铺砌;铺路pavement n. 人行道pavilion n. 亭子pearl n.珍珠v.呈珍珠状;用珍珠装饰peck v./n.啄peculiar a.特殊的;独特的;古怪的peculiarity n.独特性,特色;特殊的东西;怪癖pedagogy n.教育学;教学法pedal a.足的;脚踏的n.脚踏v.骑自行车pedestrian n.行人a.步行的pediatrics n.儿科学peel v.削皮,剥皮n.果皮peep v./n.偷看;窥看peer v.盯,窥,凝视n.同事;前辈peg n.木(或金属)钉;衣夹v.钉木钉pelvis n.骨盆penalty n.罚;惩罚pendulum n.摆;钟摆penetrate v.穿透;渗入;看穿penetration n.穿透;穿人;渗透peninsula n.半岛peninsular a.半岛的;半岛状的penny n.便士;一分pension n.抚恤金;养老金;年金v.给予…养老金(抚恤金等) pepper n.胡椒粉;胡椒;辛辣(或富于刺激性)的事物v.撒胡椒粉于pepsin n.胃蛋白酶peptic a.消化性的;助消化的;消化液的perceive v.察觉,发觉;理解;领悟perceptible a.感觉得到的;看得出的;可理解的perception n.感觉;概念;理解力perceptive a.知觉的;感觉灵敏的;有察觉力的;有理解力的percuss v.叩诊;震动;敲打percutaneous a.经皮的perforate v.穿孔;贯穿perform v.做,施行;完成;表演;演出performance n. 表演;演出;执行;完成performer n. 表演者;执行者perfume n. 香水;香料v.撒香水perfuse v. 洒;灌注;使充满peril n.严重危险v.置…于危险中periodic n.期间;周期;时期;时代;句号(pl.)月经期periodic a.周期的;定期的;间歇的;循环的periodical a. 定期的;周期的;期刊的n. 期刊,杂志peripheral a. 末梢的;周围的permanence n. 永久(性);持久(性)permanent a. 永久的;持久的permeable a. 可渗透的;具渗透性的permeate v. 渗入;透过;弥漫;充满pernicious a.有害的,有毒的;恶性的;致命的perpetual a.永久的;永恒的perplex v.困惑;难住;使复杂化persecute v. 迫害persecution n. 迫害persevere v. 坚持;不屈不挠personify v.拟(某物)为人;使人格化;表现;体现personnel n.全体人员;全体职员;人事部门perspective n.前景;前途;观点;看法a. 透视的perspire v. 排汗pertain v.(to)附属,从属;关于;有关;适合,相称pertinent a.恰当的;贴切的;中肯的;有关的;相干的perturb v. 使不安;烦扰;扰乱;使紊乱perturbation n. 不安,烦扰;扰乱;紊乱pertussis n. 百日咳pervade v. 弥漫,渗透;充满,遍及pessimism n. 悲观;悲观主义;厌世pessimist n. 悲观者;悲观主义者;厌世pessimistic a. 悲观的;悲观主义的pesticide n. 杀虫剂;农药petition n./v.请愿,申请,祈求petrol n.汽油petroleum n.石油petty a.细小的,次要的;渺小的pharmaceutical a.药学的;药物的;药用的;药剂师的pharmacology n.药理学;药物学pharmacy n.药学;制药;药店,药房pharyngitis n. 咽炎pharyngoscope n.咽镜pharynx n. 咽philosopher n. 哲学家;哲人philosophical a. 哲学家的;哲学上的;达观的philosophy n. 哲学,哲学体系phonetic a. 语音(学)的phosphate n. 磷酸盐phosphorus n. 磷photography n. 摄影术physiological a.生理学的;生理的physiology n.生理学pick v.挖;拾,采,摘;挑选n.镐picket n.桩,尖桩v.派去放哨;用栅子围上pickle n.腌制品;泡菜pictorial a.绘画的;图片的n.画报picturesque a.景色似画的;别致的pierce v.穿透pigeon n.鸽子pigsty n.猪圈pillar n.柱,支柱;柱形物pilot n.驾驶员,飞行员;领港员;引水员v.领港;驾驶(飞机等) pin n.大头针;别针;徽章;销,栓v.钉住,别住pinch v./n.拧,捏,夹(痛);挤压pine n.松树v.憔悴;消瘦;渴望pink n.桃红色;粉红色a.粉红色的pinkeye n.火眼pistol n.手枪piston n.活塞pit n.坑;窖;小凹陷pitch n.沥青pitiable a.引人怜悯的;可怜的pitiful a.令人怜悯的;可怜的pituitary a.垂体的;粘液的n.垂体,垂体前后叶制剂pity n.怜悯;惋惜;可惜的事,憾事placebo n.安慰剂;宽慰话placenta n. 胎盘plague n. 瘟疫;鼠疫;灾祸;天灾v. 染瘟疫planetary a. 行星的,有轨道的plantation n. 种植园;栽植plaque n. 班,血小板;噬菌区plasma n. 血浆plaster n. 灰泥;膏药v.涂灰泥;敷贴膏药;减轻plateau n. 高原;平稳时期;停滞时期platelet n.血小板plea n.抗辩;诉讼;托词;请愿;请求plead v.恳求;为…辩护,辩解pledge n.誓约;保证v.发誓;保证plenary a.完全的;绝对的;全体出席的pleura n.胸膜plexus n.(血管,淋巴管,神经等的)丛plight n. 境况;困境,苦境v.保证plot n. 一块地;计划,阴谋,情节v. 策划plumber n.管子工;铅管工plump a.丰满的;饱满的plunder v./n.掠夺;抢劫plunge v. 跳入;(使)投入;(使)入;猛冲plural n./a. 复数(的)plus prep. 加n.加号;正号a.正的pneumonia n.肺炎poke v. 戳,刺,捅,插;触碰;伸(头)polar a.地极的;南极的;北极的polarization n.(电)极化;极化强度;偏振;两极分化polarize v.极化;偏振;使两极分化pole n.柱,杆;地极;磁极v.用杆撑policy n. 政策,方针polish v. 擦亮,抛光n.擦亮剂poll n. 投票;投票数;民意测验v. 投票;对…进行民意测验polymer n. 聚合物;聚合体polyp n.息肉polytechnic a.多种工艺的;多种科技的pond n.池塘ponder v.考虑;沉思porcelain n.瓷;瓷器porch n.门廊pore n.毛孔;气孔;细孔v.凝视pork n.猪肉porridge n.粥port n.港口portable a.轻便的;手提(式)的portal a.肝门的;门静脉的;porter n.搬运工人;守门人portion n.部分;一份portrait n.肖像,画像positive a.确定的,肯定的;积极的;正面的;阳性的n.明确;实在;正面possess v.拥有,占有possession n.所有物;拥有,占有possessive a.占有的;所有的n.(the-)所有格postage n.邮费;邮资postal a.邮政的,邮局的n.明信片postdoctoral a.博士后的poster n.招贴;标语;广告(画)posterior a.后面的postmortem a. 死后的;验尸的n.尸体解剖;验尸postscript n.又及;附言;再者potassium n.钾potent a.有力的;有效力的;有势力的;烈性的potential a.潜在的;可能的n.潜力potentiality n.潜在性;可能性;(pl.)潜力potentiate v.加强;使更有效力(尤指药物)pottery n. 陶器类;陶器制造(术)poultry n. 家禽powder n.粉末,药粉pox n.痘,疹;脓疱practitioner n. 开业者;实践者131precaution n. 预防,谨慎;警惕v.预先,警告precautious a.有防备的;戒备的;警惕的precede v.在先,在前;优于precedence n.领先;在前;优先;上座precedent n.先例,前例a.在前的,优先的precious a.珍贵的,贵重的precipitation n.沉淀;加速;促进;降雨量precise a.精确的,准确的precision n. 精确(性);精密a.精确的,精密的precursor n.先驱者;前辈;前任;预兆;先兆predecessor n.前辈;前任者predispose v.使易感染;预先安排predisposition n.倾向;素质;易罹病的素质predominant a.占优势的;主要的;流行的;显著的preference n. 偏爱;喜爱;优先pregnancy n. 怀孕;怀孕期pregnant a. 怀孕的;孕育着的prejudice n. 偏见,成见;侵害,损害,歧视v. 使抱偏见,不利于preliminary a. 预备的,初步的n. 预考,初试prelude n.序言;预兆premature a.早熟的;不到期的n.早产的婴儿premed(premedical) a.医科大学预科的premier n. 总理,首相a.首要的,首位的premise n. 前提;(pl.)房屋(及其附属建筑,基地等)v.提出…为前提preoccupy v. 先占,使全神贯注;迷着;吸引preponderance n. 优越,优势prerequisite a.必须先具备的;先决条件的prescribe v.处(方),开(药);规定;指示;命令prescription n.药方,处方;命令;指示;规定prescriptive a.规定的,指示的;约定俗成的preside v. 主持presidency n. 总统的职位;管辖press v.压,挤,按;逼迫,催促n.报刊,出版界;压榨机,印刷机prestige n. 威望,声望presume v. 推测;假定presumption n. 假定,推测;专横,冒昧pretend v. 假装;假托prevail v. 取胜;占优势;流行,盛行prevalence n. 流行,盛行prevalent a. 流行的,盛行的previous a. 先的,前的,以前的previously ad.以前地prey n.被捕食的动物;捕食v.捕食;掠夺;折磨prick v. 刺(穿);戳(穿);刺痛priest n.教士;神父;牧师primary a.首要的,主要的;基本的;最初的;初级的;原始的;原发的prime a.主要的,首位的;最好的,头等的n.全盛时期;青壮年时期primitive a.原始的,早期的;简单的;粗糙的n.原始人(事物) prince n.王子;亲王princess n.公主;王妃priority n.优先;重点;优先权,先,前prism n.棱镜;棱柱(体),角柱(体)privacy n.隐居,隐退;秘密,私下;隐私private a.私人的;私有的;私立的;秘密的;私下的privilege n.优惠;特许;特权v.给予优惠;给予特权probation n.检验;验证;试用;见习probe n.探针;探查;探测器v.用探针探查;探查;查究procaine n.普鲁卡因procedure n.程序;步骤;过程procession n.队伍;行列;行进processor n. 加工者,处理者,信息处理机proclaim v. 宣布,声明proclamation n. 宣布,公布,声明,公告;宣告prodrome n.前驱症状;序论productivity n.生产率;生产能力proficiency n. 熟练;精通proficient a. 熟练的,精通的profile n.侧面(像);外形,轮廓v.描…的轮廓profound a.深刻的;渊博的;深远的;深切的profuse a.极其丰富的;过多的prognosis n.预后progress n./v.前进;进步;进展progression n.前进;进步;接续progressive a.进步的;前进的;渐进酡:进行性的prohibit v.禁止;阻止prohibition n.禁止;禁令project n.计划;方案;工程;项目v.设计,规划;投射,放映,凸出projection n.设计,规划;发射,喷射,投影,投影图;凸出projector n.计划人;放映机;幻灯;发射装置prolapse n. 脱垂;下垂prominent a.突出的,杰出的;凸起的,突起的;显著的promote v. 提升,晋升;促进,增进,助长prompt a.敏捷的;迅速的;即刻的v.促使;引起ad.准时地prone a.有…倾向的;易于…的propaganda n.宣传propagate v.繁殖;宣传;传播propel v.推进,推动property n.财产;所有权;性质;特性prophylaxis n.预防;预防法proponent n.建议者;支持者a.建议的proportion n.部分;比例,比重;均衡,相称v.(使)成比例proportional a.相称的;成比例的proportionate a.成比例的;相称的v.使成比例proposal n.提议,建议;推荐;打算;求婚propose v.提议,建议;推荐;打算;求婚prose n.散文prosecute v.彻底进行;从事;经营,对…起诉;告发prosecution n.彻底进行;从事;经营,起诉;告发prospect n.展望;前景v.勘探prospective a.预期的;未来的;前瞻性的prosper v.繁荣,昌盛;成功prosperity n.繁荣;兴旺;成功prosperous a.繁荣的,兴旺的prostate n.前列腺protest v./n.断言;主张;抗议;反对protocol n.议定书;草约;会谈记录;外交礼节protoplasm n.原生质,细胞质prototype n.原型;标准;典型protract v.延长;伸长protrude v.伸出;突出proverb n.谚语,格言v.成为谚语:用谚语表达province n.省;领域,范围provincial a.省的,地方的n.外省人;乡下人provision n.给养,口粮;准备,预备;条款,规定v.向…供应粮食provoke v.煽动;激怒;激起;诱发proximate a.贴近的;近似的;即将到来的proximity n.贴近,接近;近似prodent a.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的;节俭的pseudo a.假的,冒充的psychiatry n.精神病学psychic a.精神的,心理的psychological a.心理的,心理学的psychology n.心理学psychosis n.精神病,精神极度不安puberty n.青春期puff n.(一)喷,(一)吹;一阵,一股(气味);隆起的小块pulmonary a.肺的pumpkin n.南瓜,南瓜藤punch v.冲压, 穿孔n.冲压机;穿孔机punctual a.准时的;不误期的;正确的;精确的puncture n./v.穿刺,刺puppet n.木偶,玩具;傀儡puppy n.小狗,幼犬purification n.纯化,净化;提纯purify vt. 使纯净,使洁净;纯化purple n.紫色a.紫的,紫红的v.(使)成紫色purse n. 钱包pursue v. 追逐;追击;从事;进行pursuit n. 追赶,追求;职业;事务purulent a. 化脓的;脓性的pus n. 脓;脓液pajama n.(pl.)睡衣裤pylorus n.幽门pyrexia n.发热quack n.庸医;江湖医生;冒充内行的人;骗子quadrant n.四分体;象线quake v./n.震动,颤动;发抖quantities v. 测定(估计)…的数量quarantine n. 检疫;检疫处;隔离;隔离区quarterly n.季刊a.季度的ad.季度地quartz n.石英queer a.奇怪的,古怪的;眩晕的;不舒服的;想呕吐的quench v.熄灭;扑灭;抑制quest n./v.寻找;探求;搜索questionnaire n.调查表;问题单queue n.辫子;行列;长队v.排长队quiescence n.静止;休眠;(疾病的)被遏制状态quilt n.被(子);被状物v.缝(被);用垫料填塞quinine n.奎宁quinsy n.扁桃体周脓肿quiver v.颤抖n.颤动;箭袋quiz n.恶作剧;挖苦;小型考试;测验;知识竞赛quota n. 定额quote v. 引用,援引rabies n.狂犬病racial a.人种的;种族的;种族间的racism n.种族主义;种族歧视racist n.种族主义者rack n.搁板,行李架radial a.光线的;射线的;辐射状的;桡骨的n.放射部;射线radiate v.散发,发光,辐射a.有射线的radiation n.辐射,发光,发热;放射物radical a.根本的,重要的;彻底的;激进的radicle n.根;基radioactive a.放射性的radiograph n.放射照片radiology n.放射学radiotherapy n.放射疗法radius n.半径;放射线; 桡骨rag n.破布,碎布rage n.愤怒v.发怒raid n./v.袭击;搜查rail n.栏杆,围栏;铁路v.用栏杆围隔rake n. (长柄的)耙子,钉齿耙;耙状的用具v.耙rale n.罗音;水泡音rally n.集合;恢复;振作;大会v.集合;召集;振作;恢复ramble v./n.闲逛;漫步ramify v.分枝;成网状rancher n.大牧场主(或工人);大农场主(或工人);大牧场(或农场)管理人员rarity n.罕见的事物rascal n.流氓;无赖rash n.疹a.急躁的ratify v.批准;认可rating n.级别,等级;额定值,定额;责骂,申斥ration n.定量;给养;口粮rational a.理性的;合理的rationale n.基本原理;理论基础;原理的阐述ravage v./n.蹂躏,劫掠,毁坏razor n.剃刀reactionary a.反动的n.反动分子reactivate v.使恢复活动;使复能readily ad.乐意地;容易地reagent n.试剂;反应力;反应物realm n.王国,国土;领域,范围ream n.令;大量v.铰大,钻大;榨出…的汁reap v. 收割;收获rear n. 后部,尾部a.后方的,后部的v.抚养;栽种;饲养reassure v.使放心;再次保证rebellious a.造反的,反抗的;(疾病等)难治的rebuke v./n.训斥,指责;非难,谴责recede v.退;退去;收回,撤回receptacle n.容器,贮藏器;插座,插孔recipe n.菜谱;配方;处方recipient n.接受者;受血者;受体reciprocal a.相互的;往复的;互利的n.有相互关系的事物;倒数recite v.背诵,朗诵;列举reck v.顾虑,介意;有关系,相干;注意,对…有关系recklessly a.不在乎的;不顾后果的reckon v.数,计数;看作,认为reclaim v.开垦;回收;改造;感化recline v.向后靠;斜倚recoil v./n.撤回;退位;跳回;弹回;产生反作用recollect v.回忆;追忆;想起recombination n.再组合;再化合;复合recommend v.劝告,建议;介绍,推荐recommendation n.建议,劝告;推荐recompensce n.酬报;赔偿reconcile v.使和解;调解reconciliation n.和解recondition v.修理,修复,修整;改革,改善reconstruct v.重建,再建recreation n.娱乐,消遣recrudesce v.(病痛)复发recruit n.补充;恢复健康;复原rectify v.纠正;整顿rectitis n.直肠炎rectum n.直肠recumbent a.躺着的;斜靠的recur v.复发;再发reel n.卷轴,卷筒;卷盘,一盘v.卷,绕;拉起referral n.工作的分派;治疗安排refine v.精练;精制;提纯;精炼refluent a.倒流的,回流的refractary a.难治疗的;顽固性的refrain v.抑制;忍住refresh v.提神,振作,使清新refreshment n.茶点,点心;恢复;爽快refugee n.难民;流亡者refusal n.拒绝,回绝refute v.反驳,驳斥regimen n.社会制度;生活制度;服药时间(表)regression n.退化;退步;消退;回归rehabilitate v.使复原,恢复(正常生活)rehearsal n. 排练,排演;练习,演习;背诵;详述,复述reign v./n.统治reinforce v.增援,加强n.加固物relapse n./v.复发;再发relaxant a.弛张的;n.弛缓药relay v.中继,转播;接力;再放;重新涂;重新铺设relevance n.相关;中肯;恰当relevant a.相关的;适当的;中肯的reliability n.可靠性reliable a.可靠的relic n. (p1.)遗体,尸体;遗物;遗迹;废墟relief n.缓解,消除;救济,援救relieve v.缓解,消除,减轻;救济religion n.宗教,信仰religious a.宗教的;信教的;虔诚的reluctance n.勉强,不情愿reluctant a.不愿的,勉强的remedy n.药品;治疗措施;补救办法v.治疗;补救remit v.缓解,减轻remittent a.弛张的;忽重忽轻的remnant n.a.残余(的);剩余(的)removal n.排除;切除;搬迁,移动renal a.肾的render v.使得,使变为;提出,提供;给予;呈报n.缴纳repeal v./n.撤消,废除repel v.拒绝,排斥repent v.悔悟;后悔repetition n.重复,反复replicate v.复制;重复represent v.表示,说明;描写,表现,象征;代表,代理;演出;提出representative n.代表;代理人a.代表性的repress v.镇压;抑制;约束repression n.抑制;约束;镇压reproach v./n.责备,申斥,指责reproduce v.繁殖,生殖;复制,仿造repulsion n.排斥;反感;厌恶reputation n.名声;声望requisite a.必不可少的n.必需品rescue v./n.营救,救援resect v.切除resemblance n.相似;相似点;相似物resemble v.相似,象resent v.不满于;愤恨;怨恨reserve v.保留;储备;预定n.储备;储备品;储备金reservoir n.水库,蓄水池;贮主reside v.居住;驻扎residence n.住处;住宅resident n.居民;常住者;住院医师residual a./n.残留(的);剩余(的)residue n.残余;剩余;残渣resign v.辞去;辞职;顺从;听从resignation n.辞职;辞呈;听从;屈从resin n.树脂;松香resistant a.有抵抗力的;反抗的;有耐药性的resoluble a.可分解的;可溶解的;可解决的resolute a.坚决的,果断的resolution n.决心,坚决;决定;决议;消除;消退;分解resonance n.回声,反响;共振;共鸣resonate v.共振,谐振;共鸣resort v.求助;凭借;诉诸n.胜地;常去之处respective a. 各自的;各个的respire v. 呼吸respiration n. 呼吸respond v. 回答, 答复, 响应, 起反应response n.回音,回答;反应, 响应responsibility n.责任;职责responsible a. 应负责的, 有责任的, 责任重大的;认真负责的restore v. 归还,放回;修复;恢复restrain v. 抑制;制止restraint n. 抑制;约束restrict v.限制;约束restriction n.限制;约束resultant a.作为结果而发生的n. 结果;组合;生成物resume n.梗概;个人简历v.重新开始,继续;恢复retail v./n.零售,零卖a.零售的retard v.妨碍;延迟,放慢n.延迟;耽误retell v.复述,重述retention n. 潴留;停滞;保持reticular a. 网状的retina n. 视网膜retire v. 退下;离开;退休;引退retract v. 缩回;缩进retreat v. 撤退;退却n.撤退,退却retrieve v. 重新得到;挽救;恢复retrograde a. 后退的;退行性的;逆行的reunification n. 重新统一reunion n. 再结合,再联合;团聚reveal v. 揭示;展现;泄露revenge n./v.复仇,报复revenue n.收入;税收reverse v.颠倒;翻转n.相反;背面reversible a.可逆的reversion n.回复;倒转;反向revise v.修订;修正;复习n.再校样revision n.修订;校订;修改revitalize v.使恢复元气;使新生revive v.苏醒,复苏;复兴revolt v.反抗,造反,反叛;厌恶,憎恶,反感n.反抗,造反,反叛revolve v.旋转;细想,默想rheumatism n.风湿病rheumatoid a.类风湿病的rhinitis n.鼻炎rib n.肋骨ribbon n.带;缎带;丝带v. 用缎带装饰rickets n.佝偻病riddle n.谜,谜语v.解(谜)等;迷惑ridicule v./n.嘲弄,挖苦,奚落ridiculous a.荒谬的;可笑的rifle n.步枪,来福枪v.用步枪射击;抢劫rift n.裂缝;空隙v.裂开;渗入rigid a.刻板的;强直的;僵硬的rigor n.寒战;发冷;僵直rigorous a.严峻的,严厉的;严酷的;严密的,精确的rim n.边,缘,框;边缘v.装边rinse v.冲洗;漂清riot n./v.骚乱;闹事rip v.撕,扯;划破ripe a.成熟的ripen v.成熟ritual n./a.仪式(的);典礼(的)rival v.竞争;与…抗衡a.竞争的n.竞争对手rivalry n.竞争;竞赛;敌对roar v./n.吼,咆哮;轰鸣roast v./n.烤;炙;烘robbery n. 抢劫;盗取robe n. 浴衣;长袍rod n.杆,棍,棒roll v.滚动,转动;卷;绕n. 卷,卷状物;面包卷;名册roller n.辊;滚筒;压路机rot v./n.腐烂;腐朽;腐败rotary a.旋转的n.运转的机器rotten a.腐烂的,腐朽的;腐败的rough a.粗糙的;粗野的,粗鲁的;粗略的roughly ad.粗糙地;粗略地routine n.常规的;例行的n.常规;例行公事row n.排,行v.划(船)等royal a.王室的;皇家的royalty n.皇家,皇族;王位;王权rub v.擦,摩擦rubella n.风疹ruby n.红宝石a.红宝石色的v.染成红宝石色rug n.小地毯;围毯rumo(u)r n.传闻;谣言v.谣传rupture n.破裂;疝;突出rural a.农村的rust v. 生锈n.铁锈sabotage n.故意毁坏;破坏sac n.囊;液囊sack n.袋;麻袋v.装…入袋sacred a.神的;神圣的sacrifice n.牺牲;牺牲品;祭品v. 献祭;牺牲;献出sadden v.使悲哀;使忧愁saddle n.鞍子;马鞍v.装马鞍saint n.圣人,圣徒;(S-,略作St. 用于人、地名前)圣…a.神圣的sake n.缘故saline n.盐水salubrious a.(气候,空气等)有益健康的;健康的,有利的salutary a.有益健康的;有治疗作用的;有益的salute v.敬礼;行礼;鸣礼炮,迎接,欢迎n.招呼,行礼salvage v./n.海上救助;抢救;打捞salve n.油膏剂;药膏;止痛药sanatorium n.疗养院;休养地sanitary a.有助健康的;有疗效的sane a.无疾病的;健全的;神智正常的;明智的sanitarian a.公共卫生的;保健的n.公共卫生学家;保健专家sanitary a.关于环境卫生的;清洁的;卫生的sarcasm n.讽刺,挖苦sardine n. 沙丁鱼satchel n.书包;小提包satellite n.卫星;人造卫星satire n.讽刺saturate v. 使饱和;浸透saturation n.饱和;浸透sauce n.调味汁;酱汁v. 调味saucer n.茶托;碟子sausage n.香肠,腊肠savage a. 野蛮的;残暴的n.未开化的人saw v. 锯,锯开n.锯子,锯床scab n. 痂v.结痂scabies n. 疥疮scale n. 标度;天平;标尺;比例尺v. 过秤;测量;升高scalp n. 头皮scalpel n. 手术刀scan v.扫描;审视;浏览scanty a.不足的;贫乏的scar n.伤疤;瘢痕;创伤v.(使)留下伤痕;结疤scarce a.稀少的,罕见的;缺乏的;不足的scarcely ad.几乎不;勉强scare v.惊吓,受惊;使恐慌n.惊慌;惊恐scarf n.围巾;头巾scarlet n./a.猩红色(的);鲜红的(的)scatter v.驱散;散开;撒布,撒播n.消散;分散scavenge v.清除(污物,垃圾等);以(腐肉,腐物等)为食scene n.景色,景象;(戏)-场;布景(事件或故事发生的)地点scenery n.风景,景色;舞台布景scent n.气味;香气;香水v.嗅,闻schistosomiasis n.血吸虫病schizophrenia n.精神分裂症sclerosis n.硬化(症)scold v/n.训斥,责骂scorch v.烧焦;枯萎scorn n./v.藐视,轻蔑scout n.侦察员;侦察机v.搜索;侦察scramble v.爬行,攀爬;杂乱蔓延;碎片;片段;废料scrape v.擦;擦伤;刮去n.刮削;擦伤;擦痕scratch v.搔;抓;扒n. 搔;抓;起跑线screen v.遮蔽;庇护n.屏风;幕screw n.螺钉;螺丝v.拧;拧紧screwdriver n.起子script n.手迹;手稿,打字原稿v.把…改编为剧本scrub n./v.刷洗,擦洗scrupulous a.审慎的;严格认真的,一丝不苟的scrutinize v.细看;仔细检查scurvy n.坏血病seagull n.海鸥seal n.封口;封条;封蜡;印戳;海豹v.封,密封secrecy n.秘密;保密secretary n.书记;秘书;部长;干事secrete v.藏匿;分泌secretive a.不坦率的;分泌的secretary a.分泌的section n.切开;切片;章节;部分;处;科;截面;剖视图v.把…分成段;将…切片security n.安全;治安保卫;安全防卫措施sedative n.镇静药;止痛药sedentary a.坐着的;静坐的sediment n.沉淀;沉积物seep v.渗出;渗溢segment n.切片;部分;片断;段,节v.分割segregation n.分离;隔离seize v.抓住;捉住;夺取,占领selfish a.自私的,利己的semester n.学期;半年;半学年semiconductor n.半导体semi fluid n./a.半流质(的)seminar n.研究班;讨论会senate n.参议院senesce v.开始衰老senescent a.开始有衰老现象的,衰老的senile a.老年的;年老所致的senior a.年长的;资格老的;地位高的n.年长者;前辈sensation n.感觉,知觉;轰动,轰动一时的事物sensational a.感觉的;轰动的,耸人听闻的sensitivity n.敏感性;灵敏性;灵敏度sensitize v.使敏感;致敏sensory a.感觉的;传递感觉的sentiment n.思想感情;情操;情绪separator n.分离者;分离器septic a.腐败性的;脓毒性的;败血病的sequel n.继续;后果;后发病;后遗症sequel n.后遗症;后发病;结果sequence n.继续;连续;序列;顺序;结果v.按顺序排好serial a.连续的,一连串的;连载的n.连载小说;连本影片serology n.血清学serpent n.蛇serum n.血清sesame n.芝麻session n.会议;一届会议;会期sever v.分离;切断severe a.严厉的,严格的;严重的;凛冽的;严峻的;艰难的sewage n.污水,污物v.用污水灌溉shabby a.褴褛的;破旧的shady a.成荫的;背阴的;阴暗的,隐藏的shame n.羞愧;耻辱v.使羞愧;使难为情shameful a.可耻的,丢脸的;不道德的shampoo n.洗头,洗发,洗发剂,v.用洗发剂洗(头) shareholder n.股东shave v.剃;刮;削;修剪n.刮脸shear v.剪,剪…的毛,修剪n.剪sheath n.护套;鞘shed n.棚;车库v.脱落,脱去;流出,流下sheer a.纯粹的,十足的;陡峭的ad.全然;彻底shell n.壳,贝壳;炮弹shelter n.躲避处;掩蔽v.掩蔽,庇护shield n.盾;屏障v.防护;保护shift v./n.转移;移动;转变:轮班shilling n.先令shipwreck n./v. 船舶失事shiver v./n. 战栗,发抖shovel n.铲,铁锹v.铲,铲起shower n.阵雨,暴雨;沐浴,淋浴v.下阵雨;倾注shrewd a.机敏的;精明的shriek n. v.尖叫shrill a.尖声的;刺耳的v.尖叫shrimp n.虾shrink v.起皱;收缩;退缩,畏缩;缩水shrinkage n.皱缩;收缩;减少shrug v.耸(肩)n.耸肩shudder v./n.震颤,战栗shunt v.分路;分流n.旁路;分流术shuttle n.梭,滑梭;穿梭般的来回v.往返递送;穿梭般来回移动sickle n.镰刀sieve n. 筛; 筛网sift n. 筛,筛分;过滤;细查;选拔sigh v./n.叹气,叹息sigmoid n.乙状结肠signature n.签名,签字;(处方上的)用法说明silicon n.硅(旧名矽)silicosis n.硅肺;矽肺simplicity n.简单;单纯;质朴simultaneously ad.同时发生地,同时存在地sin n.罪,罪恶v.犯罪sincere a.诚恳的,真诚的singularity n.单一,独个;异常,非凡sinus n.窦;窦房结sip v./n.呷,啜site n.场所,地点v.定…地点situate v.使位于;使处于skeleton n.骨骼;骨架a.骨骼的sketch n.素描;速写;草图;梗概,大意v.速写,写生skid n. 刹车,制轮器;打滑,溜滑v. 刹住;打滑skull n.头盖骨,颅骨slack a.懒散的,无精打采的;萧条的n.淡季,萧条期(pl.)便裤,宽松的裤子slander v. n.诽谤;造瑶中伤slang n. 俚语;行语slap v./n.拍,掌击slaughter v./n.屠杀;屠宰sleeve n. 袖子v.装袖子slender a. 细长的;苗条的slice n. 片,薄片v.切成片slide v./n.滑,滑动n.幻灯片slim a.细长的;苗条的v.(使)变苗条slip v.滑,滑倒;使脱臼n.疏忽;错误slipper n.拖鞋slippery a.滑的,滑溜的slit v.切开;撕开n. 狭长切口,细长裂缝slogan n.标语;口号slope n.坡,斜坡;倾斜,斜度v.倾斜slot n.狭孔;缝;槽v.开槽于slough n.蛇(脱的)皮;腐肉,死肉,腐痂v.脱皮;(痂等)脱落sluggish a. 懒惰的;迟钝的;萧条的slum n. 贫民窟;贫民区;陋巷。

肿瘤英语单词

肿瘤英语单词

肿瘤英语单词Document serial number【KK89K-LLS98YT-SS8CB-SSUT-SST108】肿瘤:t u m o r n e o p l a s m 肉瘤:sarcom恶性:malignancy良性:Benign播散:dissemination; spreading转移:metastasis治疗:therapy诊断:diagnosis临床表现:clinical situation临床分级:clinical scale手术后:post- operation肿大:tumefaction肿胀:tumentia咯血:hemoptysis咳痰:expectoration痰:sputum痰培养:sputum cultivation气短:Breathlessness发热:febrile寒战:chill; rigor; shiver; chills;shivered; shivering 胸水:pleural fluid肺炎:①pneumonia②pneumonitis③pulmonitis阻塞性肺炎:obstructive pneumonia呼吸困难:dyspnoea; dyspnea心慌:flustered; panicky胸腔积液:pleural effusion; hydrothorax心包积液:pericardial effusion;hydropericardium渗出物:effusion喘: gasp;to pant; breathe heavly上腹不适:superior belly malaise; upset盗汗:night sweats声音嘶哑:voice; phono-; sound Hoarseness支架:cage;carriage;cradle进食困难:eating difficulty吞咽困难:dysphagia口服:oral良性息肉:benign polyps癌变:carcinomatous房颤:atrial fibrillation发作:attack鼻饲:nasal feeding嗳气:belch; belching; burping; eructation搔痒:to tickle; to scratch an itch衰弱:weakness躁动:restlessness口腔溃疡:canker sore; oral ulcer; ulcer of mouth脱发:alopecia; loss of hair; baldness感觉减退:hypoesthesia;hypesthesia疼痛:ache;Aching;Pain全身痛:pantalgia乳腺痛:mastalgia胸痛:chest pain腹痛:abdominal pain②abdominalgia背痛:backache; notalgia; dorsodynia; Dorsalgia腰痛:lumbag 胸部压痛:tenderness of chest便秘:constipation大便失禁:encopresis; fecalincontinence;scatacratia 尿潴留:urinary retention恶心:nausea呕吐:omitting咖啡样呕吐物:caffee-ground vomit呕血:hematemesis; Vomiting of blood 上消化道出血:hemorrhage of upper digestive tract; upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage便血:hematochezia柏油样便:tarry stools腹泻:diarrhoea;diarrhea;diarrhea 排尿时里急后重:vesical tenesmus尿失禁:urinary incontinence食欲:appetite恶液质:dyscrasia倦怠:lassitude恶病质: cachecxia cachexy低蛋白血症:hypoproteinemia全身水肿:hyposarca消瘦:emaciation; marasmus; marcor; thinness; tabification贫血:anemia类白血病反应:leukemoid reaction白血病:leukemia白细胞:leucocyte红细胞:erythrocyte血小板:blood platelet; thrombocyte;血红蛋白:ferrohemoglobin白细胞减少:leucocytopenia; leukopenia血小板减少:thrombocytopenia骨髓抑制bone marrow depression:淋巴结:lymph node胸腺:①thymus②thymus gland锁骨上淋巴结:supraclavicular lymph nodes锁骨下淋巴结:subclavicular lymph node腋窝淋巴结axillary lymph node 耳后淋巴结:posterior auricular lymph node腹股沟淋巴结:inguinal lymph node;lymph node of groin颈淋巴结:cervical lymph node;jugular lymph node纵隔:mediastina纵隔后淋巴结:posterior mediastinal lymph nodes活组织检查;活体解剖:biopsy淋巴结细针吸活组织检查:fine needle biopsy of lymph node淋巴结细针吸引活组织检查:fine needle aspiration biopsy of lymph node恶性淋巴瘤:burkitt's lymphoma; malignant lymphoma何杰金氏病:malignant lymphogranulomatosis; Hodgkin's disease蕈样霉菌病:mycosis fungoides恶性黑色素瘤:malignant melanoma鼻甲:conchae;Concha nasalis;nasal turbinate; nasoturbinalconcha; turbinate; turbinates 鼻甲切除术:conchectomy+病理诊断:pathologic diagnosis喉鳞状细胞癌:aaryngeal squamouscarcinoma食道癌:esophageal cancer小细胞肺癌:SCLC;small cell lung cancer非小细胞肺癌:NSCLC;non-small cell lung cancer间皮瘤:mesothelioma胸膜:pleura乳腺癌:mammary cancer ;乳腺Paget病和导管内癌:Paget's disease and intraductal carcinoma of breast乳腺浸润性癌:IBC;invasive breast cancer乳腺囊肿:galactocele; lactocele乳腺硬癌:mastoscirrhus 髓样癌:medullary carcinoma乙型肝炎:hepatitis B肝硬化:cirrhosis of liver肝昏迷:hepatic coma前驱期:prodromal period潜伏期:incubation period; latent period初期:incipient stage静止期:quiescent stage恢复期:convalescent stage碱性磷酸酶:alkaline phosphatase 酸性磷酸酶:acid phosphatase谷草转氨酶:glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase谷丙转氨酶:glutamic-pyruvic transaminase门静脉高压:portal hypertension慢性胆囊炎:chronic cholecystitis 胆管炎:cholangitis胆石症:gallstone胆色素:bile pigments; porphobilin 胆囊炎:cholecystitis胆囊脓肿:abscess of gallbladder胆囊囊肿:cyst of gallbladder梗阻性黄疸:obstructive jaundice胰腺癌:pancreatic cancer; pancreatic carcinoma胰岛细胞癌:Islet cell carcinoma胰岛素瘤:insulinoma; insuloma胰头:head of pancreas壶腹周围癌:Bottle belly around cancer粘膜:mucosa腹膜:Peritoneum腹膜后:retroperitoneum脾:spleen〔动〕;lien; lineal腹部穿剌术:Abdominal paracentesis 肾:kidney肾结石:calculus of kidney; kidney stone; nephrolithiasis; renalstone;renal calculus肾上腺:suprarenal gland; adrenal gland 膀胱:bladder; cysr-; cysto-; urocyst子宫:metra-;metro-子宫癌:cancer of the womb子宫肌瘤:hysteromyoma; myoma of uterus子宫体癌(子宫内膜癌):carcinoma ofcorpus uteri; carcinoma ofendometrium子宫囊肿:cyst of uterus卵巢囊肿:ovarian cyst子宫不规则出血:metrorrhagia子宫镜;子宫镜检查:metroscop肌瘤:myoma卵巢:oophoro-;ovario-卵巢的:ovarian输卵管:fallopiantube;oviduct;uterine tube附件癌:adnexal carcinoma妇产科学:OB-GYN(obstetric-gynaecolog);obstertrics-gynecolog(abb. OBGyN)妇科学: gynecology盆腔:pelvic kidney盆腔肿块:Pelvic lump肛门:anus降结肠癌:descending colon carcinoma 直肠癌:rectal cancer; pimeloma;carcinoma of rectum大肠癌:前列腺:prostate前列腺肥大:prostatic hyperplasia;prostatauxe动脉瘤:aneurysm脑胶质瘤:brain glioma脑垂体瘤:brain pituitary tumour皮肤:skin; strap; leash; cutis 滑膜肉瘤:synovial sarcoma恶性黑色素瘤:malignant melanoma胃镜:gastroscope胃溃疡:gastric ulcer; stomach ulcer泌尿道结石:urinary stone绝经:menopause 绝经后期:postmenopause绝经后出血:postmenopausal bleeding雌激素:estrin; estrogen;Estrogens雄激素:androgen雌激素受体:estrin( estrogen;Estrogens )receptor孕酮:progesterone; corlutin; flavolutan;fologenon;esterol;gestone;gestormo ne;gestron;lipo-lutin;sistociclina;syngesterone;pr oluton;progestone;progesterol;prog ekan;primolut;pregnenedione芳香化酶抑制剂:arimedex; exemestane;fadrozol; vorozole阳性:positive阴性:negative病理性骨折:pathologic fracture石膏:plaster;gypsum石膏固定术:plaster immobilization病理诊断:pathologic diagnosis病理组织学检查:histopathologicexaminationB超:B-model ultrasound scanning ECG心电图:electrocardiogram;(echocardiogram 超声心动图;electrocardiograph 心电描记器,心电图机;)MRI:磁共振成象PSA: Prostate specific antigen前列腺特异抗原免疫功能:immunological function免疫系统:immune system神经系统:nervous system腺癌:adenocarcinoma鳞癌:squamous carcinoma鳞腺癌:adeno-squamous carcinoma未分化癌:undifferentiated carcinoma 单纯癌:carcinoma simplex硬癌:inocarcinoma汗腺癌:Sweat gland carcinoma印戒细胞癌:signet-ring cell carcinoma 粘液细胞癌:mucilage cell;mucouscell carcinoma类癌:carcinoid甲状腺髓样癌:medullary thyroid carcinoma大肠癌:large intestine carcinoma白血病:Leukemia急性淋巴细胞白血病:acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ALL慢性粒细胞白血病:chronic myelocytic leukemia; chronic granulocytic leukemia; CML; CGL骨肉瘤:osteosarcoma;osteogenic sarcoma肾细胞癌:renal cell carcinoma分化:differentiation免疫功能:immunological function死亡率:mortality辅助化疗:adjuvant chemotherapy新辅助化疗:neoadjuvant chemotherapy诱导化疗:induction chemotherapy放射疗法:Radiation; radiation theraphy; radiotherapeutics; radiotherapy生物疗法:biological therapy生物反应调节剂:BRM;biological response modifier(s)中药疗法:the traditional Chinesemedicine therapy瘤苗:外周血干细胞移植:方案:pathologic fracture ;spontaneous fracture反应:response副反应:side effectBLM:博来霉素:BleomycinPYM:平阳霉素:Pingyangmycin;Bleomycin A5 DDP:顺铂:CisplatinCBP:卡铂:Carboplatin草酸铂:oxaliplatinHCPT:羟基喜树碱:Hydroxycamptothecin CTX:环磷酰胺:Cyclophosphamide5-Fu:氟尿嘧啶:5-Fluorouracil FYL:氟铁龙:FortulonFI-207:替加氟:TegafurHCFU:卡莫氟,嘧氟禄:CarmofurIFN:干扰素:InterferonIL-2:白细胞介素-2:Intelukin2 MTX:氨甲蝶呤:MethotrexatePDN:强的松:PrednisoneTAM:他莫西芬(三苯氧胺):Tamoxifen MA:甲地孕酮:Megestrolacetate;MebaceMPA:甲孕酮:Medroxyprogesterone acetate ; Provera; Veramix;MIT:米托蒽醌:Mitoxantrone;NoventroneTAX:紫杉醇:Paclitexal:泰素:Taxol:泰素蒂:Taxotere;DocetaxolVCR:长春新碱:VincristineVLB:长春花碱:VinblastineVDS:长春酰胺:VindesineNVB:诺维本(去甲长春花碱):NovelbineVP-16:足叶乙甙(依托泊甙):EtoposideVM-26:威猛(替尼泊甙):Teniposide ADM:阿霉素:AdriamycinTHP:吡喃阿霉素:THP-adriamycin;PirarubicinEPI:表阿霉素:EpirubicinMMC:丝裂霉素:Mitomycin CCSF:集落刺激因子:colony stimulating factor并发症:complication并发病:complicating diseases流行病:epidemic disease遗传病:inherited disease职业病:occupational disease传染病:infectious disease主诉:chief complaint临床表现:clinical manifestation;clinical situation病史:history; medical history 既往史:past history个人史:personal history分娩史:delivery history月经史:menarche初潮:menarche闭经:menopause; menoschesis;amenorrhea; amenia家族史:family history发病机制:pathogenesis; nosogenesis 婚姻状况:marital status症状:symptom主要症状:cardinal symptom典型症状:classical symptom伴发症状:concomitant symptom全身症状:constitutional(systemic) symptom间接症状:indirect symptom诱发症状:induced symptom局部症状:local symptom精神症状:mental symptom听诊:auscultation视诊:inspection触诊:palpation叩诊:Percussion谵妄:delirium哮喘:asthma穿孔:perforation溃疡:ulceration坏死:necrosis出汗,大量出汗:diaphoresis; sweating; perspiration;盗汗:night sweat消瘦:emaciation; marasmus; marcor;thinness; tabification。

常用医院类英语单词

常用医院类英语单词

体验式英语教育先锋美联英语
常用医院类医学英语单词
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children's hospital
儿童医院general hospital, polyclinic
综合医院hospital for lepers, leprosarium
麻风病院maternity hospital, lying-inhospital产科医院mental hospital, mental home
精神病院obstetrics and gynecology hospital
妇产医院plastic surgery hospital 整形外科医院stomatological hospital 口腔医院tuberculosis hospital
结核病医院tumour hospital
肿瘤医院clinic 诊疗所first-aid station
急救站polyclinic
联合诊疗所quarantine station
防疫站(检疫所)rest home 休养所sanatorium 疗养院medical department
内科
在医院中看病,我们不可避免的会看到这些医学英语单词,但有的时候总也是很凑巧,相对应的科室下面的汉语对照模糊不清了,所以,如果在这样的时候,你能够了解并掌握一些常用的医院类的单词,遇到了这样的情况,你就能很好的认识它们,并及时的找到。

普外科常用英语单词

普外科常用英语单词

普外科常用英语单词(一)1.Appendicitis 阑尾炎/pendi`saitis/2.intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻/in`testin l/ /b`strΛk ∫n/ 3.gastric cancer 胃癌/`gæstrik/ /`kæns (r)/4.liver cancer 肝癌/liv (r)/ /`kæns (r)/5.cholelithiasis 胆石病/,k lili`θai sis/6.cholecystolithiasis 胆囊结石病7.choledocholith 胆总管结石8.pancreatitis 胰腺炎/,pæηkri`taitis/9.carcinoma of stomach 胃癌/ka:si`n um/ /`stΛm k/10、carcinoma of colon 结肠癌/ka:si`n um / /`k ul n/11、carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌/ka:si`n um / /`rekt m/12、peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡 /`peptik/ /`Λls/13、appendiceal abcess 阑尾脓肿14、thyroid tumor 甲状腺肿瘤 /`θair id/ /`tju:m/ 15、nodular goiter 结节性甲状腺肿/`n duil/16、hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进/haip`θair idzm/17、injury of abdomen 腹部损伤/`ind ri/ /`æbd m n/18、injury of skin and soft tissue皮肤软组织损伤/`ind ri//skin/ /s ft/ /`ti∫u:/19、liver injury 肝损伤/`liv (r)/ /`ind ri/20、rupture of spleen 脾破裂/`rΛpt ∫/ /spli:n/21、rupture of the bowel 肠破裂/`rΛpt ∫/ /`b u l/22、portal hypertension 门脉高压症/`p :t l/ /,haip`ten ∫n/23、gastrointestinal tract bleeding胃肠道出血/,gæstr uin`testin l/ /trækt/ /`bli:di/24、suppurative peritonitis 化脓性腹膜炎/sΛpju r tiv/ /`perit`naitis/25、gastric perforation 胃穿孔/`gæstrik/ /p:f`rei∫()n/26、cholecystitis 胆囊炎/,k lisis`taitis/27、obstructive jaundice 阻塞性黄疸/b`strΛktiv/ /`d:ndis/28、breast mass 乳房肿块 /brest/ /ma:s/29、breast cancer 乳癌/brest/ /`kæns (r)/30、mammary cancer 乳癌/`mæm ri/ /`kæns (r)/1.polyp of rectum 直肠胆囊息肉/`p lip/ /`rekt m/2.adhesive ileus(mechanical)粘连性(机械性)肠梗阻/d`hi:siv//ili s//mi`kænik()l/3.closed injury of abdomen腹部闭和性损伤/kl uzd/ /`ind ri/ /`æbd m n/4.contusion 挫伤/kn`tju:n/ceration 裂伤/,læs`rei ∫n/6.abdominal visceral injury腹腔脏器损伤/`æb`d min l/ /`ind ri/ 7.gastric ulcer胃溃疡/`gæstrik/ /`Λls (r)/8.duodenal bulbar ulcer十二指肠球部溃疡/,dju: u`di:n l/ /bΛlb (r)//`Λls (r)/ 9.metastatic carcinoma 转移性癌10.ascariasis of biliary tract胆道蛔虫症/,æsk `rai sis//`bilj ri//trækt/11.hapatic cyst 肝囊肿/sist/12.hapatolithiasis 肝胆管结石13.liver abscess 肝脓肿/`liv (r)//`æbsis/14.traumatic shock 创伤性休克/tr:`mætik//∫k/15.hemorrhagic shock 出血性休克/∫k/16.septic shock 感染性休克/septik/ /∫k/17.choledochocele 胆总管囊肿18.hyperplasia of mammary glands乳腺增生/,haip `pleizj//`mæm ri//`glændz/19.septicemia 败血症/septi`si:mi/ 20.sarcoma肉瘤/sa:`k um/21.primary carcinoma of liver原发性肝癌/`praim ri/ /ka:si`n um/ /`liv (r)/22.adenocarcinoma of bile duct胆管腺癌/`æd n u, ka:si`num//bail//dΛkt/23.cholangitis 胆管炎/,k l n` d aitis/24.acute diffuse peritonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎/`kju:t//di:fju:s//perit`naitis/25.abscess of peritoneum 腹腔脓肿/`æbsis/ /perit u`ni: m/ 26.pyloric obstruction 幽门梗阻/pai`l:rik//b`strΛk∫n/27.infection of incisional wound切口感染/in`fek∫()n /28.fat liquefaction 脂肪液化/fæt/ /,likwi`fæk∫n / 29.chronic cholecystitis 慢性胆囊炎/`kr nik//,k lisis`taitis/30.gallstone胆石/`g:lst un/1.stoma ulcer 吻合口溃疡/st↔um↔//Λls↔(r)/2. intussusception 肠套叠/,int↔ss↔`sep∫↔n /2.reduction of intussusception 肠套叠复位术 /ri`dΛk∫(↔)n/ /,int↔ss↔`sep∫↔n / 4. post gastrectomy 胃切除术后/p↔ust/ /gæs`trekt↔mi/5. anastomotic leakage 吻合口漏6. duodenal fistula 十二指肠残端瘘 /,dju: ↔u`di:n↔l/ /fistjul↔/7. stess ulcer 应激性溃疡/Λls↔(r)/8. hemangioma 血管瘤/hi,mænd i`↔um↔/9. laceration of scalp 头皮裂伤 /,læs↔`rei∫↔n / /skælp/10 .incarcerated hernia 嵌顿性疝 /,in`ka:s↔reitid/ /`hз:ni↔/11. urinary tract infection 泌尿道感染 /ju↔rin↔ri/ /trækt/ /in`fek∫(↔)n / 12. gangrenous appendicitis 坏疽性阑尾炎 /`gæηgrin↔s / /↔pendi`saitis/13. appendix mass 阑尾包块/↔`pendiks/ /ma:s/14. cirrhosis 肝硬化/si`r↔usis/15. diabetes 糖尿病/dai↔`bi:ti:z/16. epigastrium 上腹部/,epi`gæstri↔m/17. epigastralgia 上腹部痛18. inferior belly 下腹 /in`fi↔ri↔(r)/ /`beli/19. hypogastralgia 下腹痛20. ascending colon 升结肠/↔`sendiη/ /`k↔ul↔n/21. descending colon 降结肠/di` sendiη/ /`k↔ul↔n/22. sigmoid colon 乙状结肠/`sigm id/ /`k↔ul↔n/23. emergency operation 急诊手术/i`mз: d↔nsi/ /p↔`rei↔n/24. selective operation 择期手术/si`lektiv/ /p↔`rei↔n/25.chemotherapy 化疗/ki:m↔u`θer↔pi/26.non operative treatment 非手术疗法/nΛη/ /p↔r↔tiv/ /`tri:tm↔nt/27.palliative treatment 姑息疗法/`pæli↔tiv/ /`tri:tm↔nt/28.palliative operation 姑息性手术/`pæli↔tiv/ /p↔`rei∫(↔)n/29.conservative treatment 保守疗法/k↔n`sз:v↔tiv/ /`tri:tm↔nt/30.cholangiography 胆管造影术/k↔,læn d I`gr↔fi/31.cholangiectasis 胆管扩张32.stenosis of biliary tract 胆道狭窄/`bilj↔ri/ /trækt/33.cholecystostomy 胆囊造瘘术普外科常用英语单词(四)1.appendetomy 阑尾切除术2.gastrectomy 胃切除术 /gæs`trekt↔mi/3.enterectomy 肠切除术/,ent↔`rekt↔mi/4.cholecystetomy 胆囊切除术5.resection of small intestine小肠切除术/ri`sek∫↔n/ /in`testin/ 6.colectomy /k↔`lekt↔mi/ 结肠切除术7.left(right)hemicolectomy左(右)半结肠切除术8.sigmoidectomy 乙状结肠切除术 /,sigm i`dek ↔tmi/9.hepatectomy 肝切除术/,hep ↔`tekt ↔mi/10.left (right )hemihepatectomy 左(右)半肝切除术11.lobectomy of liver 肝叶切除术/l ↔u`bekt ↔mi/ /`liv(↔)r/ 12.thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术 /,θairi`dekt ↔mi/13.partial(subtotal/total)thyroidectomy 部分(次全/全)甲状腺切除术/`pa:∫(↔)l/ (/s Λb,t ↔ut ↔l/ /`t ↔ut(↔)/) /,θair i`dekt ↔mi/14.mastectomy 乳房(腺)切除术/m æ`stekt ↔mi / 15.simple mastectomy单纯乳房(腺)切除术/`simp(↔)l//m æ`stekt ↔mi / 16.radical operationofmastocarcinoma乳癌根治术/`r ædik(↔)l//p ↔`rei ∫(↔)n//m æst ↔u,ka:si`n ↔um ↔/ 17.modified radical operation 改良根治术 /`mdifai/ /`r ædik(↔)l/ /p ↔`rei ∫(↔)n/18.splenectomy 脾切除术/spli`nekt ↔mi/19.pancreatoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术paroscopic cholecystetomy 腹腔镜胆囊切除术21.intestinal anastomosis 肠吻合术/in`testin ↔l/ /,æn ↔st ↔`m ↔usis/22.gastrojejunostomy 胃肠吻合术/g æstr ↔ud id u:`nst ↔mi/23.enterotomy 肠切开术/,ent ↔`r t ↔mi/24.exploratory laparotomy 剖腹探查术 /eks`pl :r ↔t(↔)ri/ /,l æp ↔`rt ↔mi/25.exploratory of biliary tract 胆道探查术 /eks`pl:r ↔t(↔)ri//`bilj ↔ri/ /tr ækt/26.repair of hernia 疝修补术/`hз:ni↔/27.hernial reposition 疝复位术/`hз:ni↔l/ /ri:p↔`zi∫(↔)n/28.exclusion of ulcer 溃疡旷置术/ik`sklu:(↔)n/ /`Λls↔(r)/29.porta-azygous devascularization门-奇静脉阻断术/p it↔-æzig↔s/30.spleen-renal venous anastomosis 脾-肾静脉吻合术/spli:n-`ri:n(↔)l//`vi:n↔s//,æn↔st↔`m↔usis /31.abdominal paracentesis 腹腔穿刺术/æb`d min↔l/ /,pær↔sen`ti:sis/32.incision and drainage ofabscess脓肿切开引流术/in`si(↔)n/ /`dreinid//`æbsis/33.cholelithotomy 胆石切除术普外科英语常用单词(五)1.subcutaneous injection 皮下注射/sΛbkju:`teini↔s//in`d ek∫(↔)n/ 2.intramuscular injection 肌肉注射/intr↔`mΛskjul(↔)r//in`d ek∫(↔)n/3.venous injection 静脉注射/`vi:n↔s//in`d ek∫(↔)n/4.venous transfusion 静脉输液/`vi:n↔s/ /træns`fju:z(↔)n/5.blood transfusion 输血/blΛd/ /træns`fju:z(↔)n/6.sterilization 消毒7.sterilized cotton ball 消毒棉球/sterilaiz/ /`k t(↔)n//b:l/8.cotton stick 棉花签/`k t(↔)n//stik/9.gauze /g:z/ 纱布10.gauze bandage 纱布绷带/g:z//`bændid/11.adhesive plaster 胶布/↔d`hi:siv//`pla:st ↔(r)/ 12.dressing change 换药/dresi η/ /t ∫eind / 13.immobilization with adhesive plaster胶布固定/↔d`hi:siv//`pla:st ↔(r)/ 14.alcohol 酒精 /`ælk ↔h l/ 15.iodine tincture 碘酊(酒) /`ai ↔di:n//`ti ηkt ∫↔(r)/ 16.physical cooling 物理降温/`fizik(↔)l/ 17.preoperative care 术前护理/pri:`p ↔r ↔tiv/ /ke ↔(r)/ 18.preoperative preparation 术前准备/pri:`p ↔r ↔tiv//prep ↔`rei ∫(↔)n/ 19.postoperative care 术后护理/p ↔ust:`p ↔r ↔tiv//ke ↔(r)/ 20.nursing care 护理/n ↔:si η//ke ↔(r)/ 21.enema/`enim ↔/ 灌肠22.retention (cleaning )enema 保留(清洁)灌肠/ri`ten ∫(↔)n/ /`enim ↔/ 23.oxygen inhalation 吸氧/`ksid (↔)n//,inh ↔`lei ∫↔n/ 24.gastric tube 胃管/`g æstrik/ /tju:b/25.gastric juice 胃液/`g æstrik/ /d u:s/ 26.gastrointestinal decompression 胃肠减压/,g æstr ↔uin`testin ↔l//di:k ↔m`pre ∫(↔)n/27.intake and output volume 出入量/`inteik/ /`autput//`v lju:m/28.amount of bleeding 出血量/↔`maunt/ /`bli:di η/ 29.amount of urine 尿量/↔`maunt/ /`ju ↔rin/ 30.hemospasia 抽血/,hi:m ↔`spei/。

肝胆外科文献常用英语单词

肝胆外科文献常用英语单词

文献生词malignancy 恶性,恶性肿瘤hepatectomy 肝切除术bilirubin 胆红素bilirubinemia 胆红素血症Hyperbilirubinemia 高胆红素血症Indocyanine green 吲哚花青绿indocyanine green retention 靛青绿滞留量试验hepatic insufficiency 肝功能不全,肝功能衰退jaundice 黄疸retrospective review 回顾性调查intraoperative 手术中的,术中parameters 参数Logistic Regression Logistic回归prognosis 预后prognostic 预后的hilar 门的,脐的cholangiocarcinoma 胆管上皮癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 肝内胆管癌anatomic 解剖的,解剖学的hepatic hilus 肝门perioperative 围手术期的indication 适应证,指征curative 治愈的resection 切除术likelihood 可能性liver function 肝功能metastasis 转移hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌unexpected 意外的,忽然的cholestasis 胆汁淤积biliary drainage 胆汁引流extended hemihepatectomy 扩大半肝切除术Trisegmentectomy 三段切除Chronic viral hepatitis 慢性病毒性肝炎cirrhosis 肝硬化serum 免疫血清,血清on admission 入院时,住医院时percutaneous 经皮的transhepatic 经肝的endoscopic biliary drainage 内镜胆管引流,内镜胆管引流术,endoscopic 内窥镜的;内窥镜检查的drainage tube 引流管,排液管portal vein 门(静)脉embolization 栓塞,栓塞术,栓子形成peritoneal 腹膜的dissemination 播散,散布laparotomy 剖腹手术distant metastasis 远端转移Surgical Procedures 外科手术anastomosis 吻合术enteric 肠的in terms of 以…的观点;以…的方式hemorrhage 出血hemorrhagic 出血性的hemolysis 溶血hemolytic 溶血的hematology 血液学hematological 血液的hemodynamics 血流动力学coagulation status 高凝状态prothrombin time 凝血酶原时间activated partial thromboplastin time 激活部分促凝血酶原激酶时间antithrombin 抗凝血酶thrombolytic 溶血栓药,血栓溶解剂duration 持续时间;期间nonlinear least squares method 非线性最小平方法natural logarithm 自然对数categorize 分类galactose tolerance test 半乳糖耐量试验half life 半衰期computed tomography scan 计算机体层摄影扫描,CT扫描contrast medium 对比剂,造影剂bolus 推注integrated software 集成软件variables 变量continuous variable 连续变量categorical variable 分类变量univariate 单变量multivariate 多变量univariate analysis 单变量分析multivariate analysis 多元分析,多元统计分析stepwise procedure 逐步过程chi square test χ2检验,卡方检验,cutoff value 截断值Odds Ratio 比值比Mann Whitney test 曼-怀二氏检验tailed 有…尾的receiver operating characteristic curve 接受者(机)操作特征曲线morbidity and mortality 并发症和死亡率decompression 减压in regard to 关于,至于living related liver transplantation 活体亲属供肝肝移植术parenchyma 实质liver parenchyma 肝实质excretory 排泄的,分泌的parenchymal 质的,主质的shrinkage 皱缩,皱缩度biotransformation 生物转化adenosine triphosphate 三磷腺苷ammonia 氨Aspartate Aminotransferase 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶Alanine Aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶Lactate Dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶glutamyl 谷氨酰基Inferior Vena Cava 下腔静脉abdominal aorta 腹主动脉Paraaortic 主动脉旁的celiac axis 腹腔干common hepatic artery 肝总动脉proper hepatic artery 肝固有动脉superior mesenteric Artery 肠系膜上动脉Hepatic artery thrombosis 肝动脉血栓形成pseudoaneurysm 假性动脉瘤portacaval shunt 门(静脉与)腔静脉分流术arterialization 动脉化angiography 血管造影术occlusion 闭塞梗塞occluded 闭塞的collateral 侧的,侧支,副的confluence 合流,汇流autologous vein graft 自体静脉移植物porta hepatis 肝门Portal lymph node 肝门淋巴结second order biliary radicles 二级胆管根lobar atrophy 肝叶萎缩caudate lobe 尾状叶falciform ligament 肝镰状韧带periampullary 壶腹周围的Retroduodenal 十二指肠后的jejunum (jejunal) 空肠(的)ileum (ileal) 回肠(的)colon(colonic) 结肠(的)rectum (rectal) 直肠(的)anal canal 肛管oncology 肿瘤学oncological 肿瘤学的neoplasm 肿瘤,新生物neoplastic 肿瘤的,新生物的neoplastic seeding 肿瘤播种papillary tumor 乳头瘤adenocarcinoma 腺癌cystadenoma 囊腺瘤testis 睾丸gastrinoma 胃泌素瘤squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌carcinoid tumors 类癌sarcoma 肉瘤focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) 局灶性结节性增生parenchymal disease 器质性疾病advanced cancer 晚期癌症well differentiated 分化良好nodule 结节nodal metastases 淋巴结转移therapeutic effect 疗效neoadjuvant chemotherapy 新辅助化疗radiofrequency ablation 射频消蚀arterial chemoembolization 动脉化疗性栓塞infiltrating 浸润macroscopically 肉眼[检查]的;目视的carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原indication 适应症指征contraindication 禁忌证preoperative workup 术前全面评估postoperative morbidity rate 术后并发症发生率operative approach 手术入路radical operation 根治术,根治性手术en bloc 整个地,整块地inoperable 不能手术的,不能做手术的palliative 姑息的diagnostic laparoscopy 诊断性腹腔镜检查non-therapeutic laparotomy 非治疗性剖腹探查术invasive techniques 微创技术procedural complications 手术并发症pancreaticoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术Adrenalectomy 肾上腺切除术thrombectomy 血栓摘除术lymphadenectomy 淋巴结切除术Lymph Node Dissection 淋巴结清扫术lymph node harvest 淋巴结清扫end to side anastomosis 端侧吻合术hepaticojejunostomy 肝空肠吻合术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术Caudate lobectomy 尾状叶切除术radiopharmaceutical agent 放射性药剂iodized oil 碘化油absolute ethanol 无水乙醇scintigraphy 闪烁扫描术helical 螺旋的,螺旋状,螺旋状的cross sectional imaging 横断层面成像magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像endoscopy retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)内镜下逆行胆胰管造影magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)磁共振胰胆管成像intraoperative ultrasonography 术中超声检查法contrast enhanced computed tomography对比增强扫描CT positron emission tomography PET正电子发射断层扫描cholangiogram 胆管造影Recurrence 复发follow up 随访concomitant 伴发的,附随的comorbidities 并存病bleeding 出血,流血extravasation 外渗,溢出hemobilia 胆道出血biliary fistula 胆瘘pleural effusion 胸腔积液lung edema 肺水肿splenomegaly 脾肿大hypersplenism 脾功能亢进hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病ascites 腹水subphrenic abscess 膈下脓肿endotoxaemia 内毒素血症myocardial infarction 心肌梗死pyrexial 发热的hypothermic 低体温的Biliary Stricture 胆管狭窄steatohepatitis 脂肪性肝炎fatty liver 脂肪肝adipose tissue 脂肪组织primary sclerosing cholangitis 原发性硬化性胆管炎angina 心绞痛sepsis 败血症,脓毒症perfusion 灌注ex vivo 离体,在活体外in situ 原位right upper quadrant 右上象限proximal part 近心端perineural 神经周围的bifurcation 二根分叉部,分岔ipsilateral 身体的同侧的,同侧的Institutional Review Board 机构审查委员会Ethics Committees 伦理学委员会predispose to 易患,使易感染、诱发platelet 血小板hyperalimentation 高营养支持cirrhotic 硬变的morbidity 并发症,发病率medications 用药dislodge 移去,逐出,取出gonadal 性腺的,生殖腺的Histologic 组织学的frozen section 冰冻切片atrophy 萎缩hypertrophy 肥大,过度生长proliferation 增生,增殖hyperplasia 增生;数量性肥大Stem cells 干细胞bone marrow derived 骨髓衍生的epithelium 上皮,上皮细胞encased 包裹reconstruction 重建,再造,重构inflammatory 炎症性的broad spectrum antibiotics 广谱抗菌素blood culture 血培养Gram Negative bacillus 革兰阴性[芽胞]杆菌cut surface 切面stent 支架catheter 导管direct cannulation 直接插管spectrophotometer 分光光度计rupture 破裂,vt.(使)破裂somatostatin 生长抑素Extracellular Matrix 细胞外基质cohort 同期组群Length of Stay 住院时间after discharge 出院后stratified 分层的,成层的clear cut 明确的In this regard 在这方面come at a cost 是有代价的progressively 进行性地,渐进地rationale 原理,基础理论homogeneous 同类的同质的heterogeneous 异类的,不同的putative 假定的omnipotent 全能的,无所不能的as controls 作为对照preconditioned 预处理preconditioning 预处理prospectively 前瞻性prospective randomized date 前瞻性随机数据Disease-Specific survival 疾病特异性生存率irreversible 不可逆的references 参考Cochrane 循证医学cholangiopancreatography 胰胆管造影术resolution 分辨率(决心,决议解决)herein 如此,鉴于,在此处iatrogenic 医源性palliation 缓和,减轻running suture 连续缝合orthotopic liver transplantation 原位肝移植chemoradiation 放化疗preneoplastic change 癌前变化carcinogenesis 致癌作用dysplasia 发育不良,不典型增生endoprosthesis 内镜置管术pruritus 瘙痒pruritis 瘙痒症Etiology (aetiology) 病原学etiologic 病原学的epidemiology 流行病学epidemiological 流行病学的pathophysiology 病理生理学lesion 病变Radionuclide 放射性核素nitrosamine 亚硝胺类pathogenesis 发病机制carcinoid 类癌Mucinous Adenocarcinoma 粘液腺癌Clear cell adenocarcinoma 透明细胞腺癌Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma 印戒细胞腺癌Adenosquamous Carcinoma 腺鳞状癌Squamous Cell Carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌Oat Cell Carcinoma 燕麦细胞癌Undifferentiated Carcinoma 未分化癌Papillomatosis 乳头状瘤病Papillary Carcinoma 乳头状癌hepatoblastoma 肝母细胞瘤Haemangioendothelioma 血管内皮瘤neuroendocrine tumour 神经内分泌瘤Leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌肉瘤malignant fibrous histiocytoma 恶化纤维组织细胞瘤nodular tumors 结节性肿瘤cachexia 恶液质sterilize 灭菌,消毒surgical radicality 手术的根治性angiogenetic 血管生成angiogenic 血管源性的,生成血管的antiangiogenic 抗血管生成的chemosensitization 化疗增敏photosensitizer 感光剂,光敏剂irradiation 放射,照射conformational radiotherapy 适形放射治疗brachytherapy 短距离放射治疗stereotactic 立体定位的,立体定向的interventional radiology 介入放射学oxaliplatin 奥沙利铂doxorubicin 多柔比星gemcitabine 吉西他滨immunosuppressant 免疫抑制剂Portography 门静脉造影术contrast agent 对比剂,造影剂lipiodol 碘油Iodophor 碘伏cystic duct 胆囊管choledochal duct 胆总管choledochal cysts 胆总管囊肿Choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石hepatolithiasis 肝内胆管结石病oriental cholangiohepatitis 东方人胆管肝炎Biliary malformation 胆管畸形Liver fluke 肝吸虫protocol 治疗方案therapeutic regimen 治疗方案Palliative Treatment 姑息治疗Signs and Symptoms 体征和症状plethora 多血症,多血质Differential Diagnosis 鉴别诊断Randomized Controlled Trials 随机对照试验enterocinesia 肠动,肠蠕动Ligation 结扎术luminal obstruction 官腔阻塞screening 普检,筛查,筛选predisposing factor 易感因素enhanced susceptibility 增强易感性hyperbaric oxygen treatment 高压氧治疗asymptomatic 无症状的indolent 无痛的Intractable Pain 顽固性疼痛visceral 内脏的steatosis 脂肪变性latency 潜伏期side effects 副作用decompensation 失代偿anoxia 缺养症anoxic 缺氧的anoxemia. 缺氧血症;血缺氧ischemia 局部缺血,缺血Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury 缺血再灌注损伤ischemic change 缺血性改变anemia 贫血pyogenic 化脓的purulent 化脓性,脓性的hepatomegaly 肝肿大umbilical fissure 裂脐cytokine 细胞因子neuropeptide 神经肽neurotransmitter 神经递质fluorescence in situ hybridization 荧光原位杂交necrosis 坏死necrocytosis 细胞坏死apoptosis 凋亡apoptotic 细胞凋亡的desmoplastic reaction 纤维成形性反应oncogene 癌基因Suppressor Genes 抑制基因genetic 遗传的epigenetic change 基因外改变hypermethylation 超甲基化sequential occurrence 顺序发生stepwise 分步的,分段的,逐步的mesenchymal 间质morphology 形态atypia 非典型,异型性Phenotype 表型dehydration 脱水paraffin 石蜡impregnation 浸渍,受精,受孕embedding 包埋,埋植serial section 连续切片anesthesia 麻醉anesthesiology 麻醉学anesthetist 麻醉师palpation 触诊orifice 管口,口,小孔one orifice 一个管口intubate 插管pancreatic secretion 胰腋centrifuge 离心,,离心机cannulation 管子reactive oxygen species 活性氧recanalization 再通,再穿通Celiac Plexus 腹腔丛arteriolar 微动脉的,小动脉的Collateral Circulation 侧支循环intima 内膜subintimal 内膜下的mitochondria 线粒体multifocal 多病灶的endemic 地方性的amenable 适合的more specifically 更具体地说mainstay 主要依据kink 扭折,纽结lethal 致命的peculiarity 特性armamentarium 医疗设备,设备demarcate 划界线,分开,区别paucity 资料贫乏migration 移位interim report 中期报告nihilistic 虚无主义的enigmatic 难理解的,神秘的occult 隐匿的,潜隐的autopsy 尸检detritus 腐屑,腐质,碎屑antegrade 顺行的retrograde逆行的endogenous 内源的,内生的exogenous 外源的,外生的intracorporeal 体内的extracorporeal 体外的autocrine 自分泌paracrine 旁分泌xenogenic 异体的,异种的cryptogenic 隐原性的,原因不明的insidiously 隐袭地congenital 先天的,天生的hereditary 遗传的,遗传性的pitfall 缺陷Biliary anomalies 胆道畸形cholecystolithiasis胆囊结石cholecystitis 胆囊炎choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石total bilirubin总胆红素unconjugated bilirubin 游离胆红素conjugated bilirubin 结合胆红素bile plug 胆栓sinusoid 血窦,窦状隙sinusoidal 血窦的窦状隙的transjugular 经颈静脉的portosystemic shunt 门体分流术hepatic coma 肝昏迷hyperammonaemia 高氨血症hypoalbuminemia 低白蛋白血症neuropsychiatric 神经精神性的confusion 意识错乱,意识模糊disorientation 定向障碍astrocyte 星形胶质细胞inflammatory mediator 炎症介质neutrophil (neutrophilic granulocyte) 嗜中性粒细胞macrophage 巨噬细胞phagocyte 吞噬细胞phagocytosis 吞噬作用mitogen 促细胞分裂原,有丝分裂原reticuloendothelial system 网状内皮系统Synthase 合酶dysregulation 调节异常,失调chromosome 染色体nuclear atypia 核异型nucleotide 核苷酸mitochondria 线粒体mitochondrial 线粒体的microsome 微粒体microsomal 微粒体的detoxify 去毒, 解毒,戒烟毒detoxification 解毒(作用),脱毒,戒毒治疗carcinogen 致癌物mutagen 诱变剂,致突变原carbohydrate antigen 糖类抗原标志物,糖链抗原glycoprotein 糖蛋白extirpation 摘除malignant transformation 恶变,恶性转化forceps biopsy 钳夹活检,钳夹活检术transpapillary 经十二指肠乳头stenosis 狭窄stenotic 狭窄的patency rate 通畅率vasculature 脉管系统diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管内凝血 (DIC) coagulant and fibrinolytic systems 凝血和纤溶系统circulatory disturbance 循环紊乱Vascular Permeability 血管通透性vasodilatation 血管扩张vasopressor 血管升压类药物vasopressin 加压素endothelin 内皮缩血管肽prostaglandin 前列腺素Saphenous Veins 隐静脉renin 肾素angiotensin 血管紧张素aldosterone 醛固酮oestrogen (estrin) 雌激素progestogen (progestin) 孕激素androgen (androtin) 雄激素testosterone 睾酮acute tubular necrosis 急性肾小管坏死oedema 水肿oliguria 少尿症diuretic(a) 利尿剂haemofiltration 血液滤过dialyse 透析dialysate (Dialysis Solutions) 透析液acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)diaphragm 横隔dyspnea 呼吸困难pulmonary oedema 肺水肿ventilatory dysfunction 通气功能障碍Total Parenteral Nutrition 全胃肠外营养enteral nutrition 肠道营养malabsorption 吸收不良venoplasty 血管成形术hematoma 血肿perforation 穿孔paracentesis 穿刺,穿刺术granulomatous inflammation 肉芽肿性炎症Bacterial Translocation 细菌移位the administration of antibiotics 抗生素的应用prophylactic antibiotics 预防性抗生素synbiotic therapy 合生元治疗free radical 自由基lactate 乳酸盐malaise 不适感,全身乏力episode 发作idiopathic 特发性的,自发性的tracer 示踪剂relaparotomy 再手术mild to moderate 轻度到中度multifactorial 多因子的,多因素的iohexol 碘海醇procaine 普鲁卡因lidocaine 利多卡因analgesia 镇痛dehiscence 裂开cryopreserved 冷藏保存的discriminant analysis 判别分析cadaveric 尸体的subjects 受试者obliteration 涂去,抹消,删除milieu 环境,境界potent 有力的,有效的schematic diagram 示意图,原理图misidentification 错误认同,错认algorithm 公式,算法,推导strong echo 强回声acoustic shadow 声影hyperecho(ic) 高回声(的)isoecho(ic) 等回声(的)hypoecho(ic) 低回声(的)anecho(ic) 无回声(的)aseptic technique 无菌术asepsis 灭菌antisepsis 消毒emergency operation 急诊手术confine operation 限期手术selective operation 择期手术evidence-based medicine 循证医学polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 聚合酶链反应inquiry 问诊chief complaints 主诉history collection 病史采集history of present illness 现病史past history 既往史personal history 个人史marital history 婚姻史menstrual history 月经史child bearing history 生育史family history 家族史physical examination 体格检查inspection 视诊palpation 触诊percussion 叩诊auscultation 听诊abdominal pain 腹痛abdominal distension 腹胀diarrhea 腹泻constipation 便秘nausea 恶心vomit 呕吐stool 大便urine 小便aspiration 误吸asphyxia (apnea) 窒息atelectasis 肺不张arrhythmia 心律失常cardiac arrest 心脏骤停ventricular fibrillation 心室纤颤hyperthermia 高热hypothermia 低温Natrium (sodium) 钠Kalium (potassium) 钾Chlorine 氯Calcium 钙Magnesium 镁Phosphorus 磷ion 离子homoeostasis 体内平衡derangement 紊乱isotonic dehydration 等渗性缺水hypotonic dehydration 低渗性缺水hypertonic dehydration 高渗性缺水water intoxication 水中毒hyponatremia 低钠血症hypernatremia 高钠血症hypochloremia 低氯血症hyperchloremia 高氯血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hyperkalemia 高钾血症hypocalcemia 低钙血症hypercalcemia 高钙血症hypomagnesemia 低镁血症hypermagnesemia 高镁血症hypophosphatemia 低磷血症hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒metabolic alkalosis 代谢性碱中毒respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒hematocrit (Hct) 血细胞比容autologous blood transfusion 自体输血salvaged autotransfusion 回收式自体输血predeposited autotransfusion 预存式自体输血hemodiluted autotransfusion 稀释式自体输血cryoprecipitate 冷沉淀furuncle 疖furunculosis 疖病carbuncle 痈acute lymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎erysipelas 丹毒abscess 脓肿dermoid cancer 皮肤癌melanotic 黑痣melanoma 黑色素瘤lipoma 脂肪瘤neurinoma 神经鞘瘤neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤capillary hemangioma 毛细血管瘤angiocavernoma 海绵状血管瘤racemosum hemangioma 蔓状血管瘤sebum cyst 皮脂腺囊肿tetanus 破伤风gangrene 坏疽superinfection 二重感染septicemia 败血症debridement 清创术simple goiter 单纯性甲状腺肿hyperthyroidism 甲亢hypothyroidism 甲减mastitis 乳腺炎mastopathy 乳腺病,乳腺增生症mastectomy 乳房切除术teratoma 畸胎瘤inguinal hernia 腹股沟疝femoral hernia 股疝incisional hernia 切口疝umbilial hernia 脐疝hernia of linea alba 白线疝interloop abscess 肠间脓肿helicobacter pylory (HP) 幽门螺杆菌pyloric obstruction 幽门梗阻vagotomy 迷走神经切断术lymphoma 淋巴瘤duodenal diverticulum 十二指肠憩室intussusception 肠套叠polyps 息肉ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂anorectal abscess 直肠肛管周围脓肿anal fistula 肛瘘anal fissure 肛裂haemorrhoids 痔internal haemorrhoids 内痔external haemorrhoids 外痔mixed haemorrhoids 混合痔annulus haemorrhoids 环形痔proctocolectomy 直肠与结肠切除术major operation 大手术omentum 网膜pancreaticobiliary 胰胆管的Bile canaliculus 胆小管mediastinum 纵隔quadrate lobe 方叶organic 有机的,器官的interferon 干扰素glomerular filtration rate 肾小球滤过率Fulminant Liver Failure 暴发性肝衰竭Nephrotic Syndrome 肾病综合征enteropathy 肠病,肠病变Esophageal cancer 食管癌gastroesophageal varices 胃食管静脉曲张Supine Position 仰卧位informed consent 知情同意sequelae 后遗症,转归demarcate 划界线,分开,区别postprandial 食后的to date 迄今为止regarding 关于serologic 血清学的Serology 血清学hepaplastin test 肝促凝血活酶试验urea 尿素heme 血红素anionic 阴离子的。

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肉瘤:sarcom恶性:malignancy良性:Benign播散:dissemination; spreading转移:metastasis治疗:therapy诊断:diagnosis临床表现:clinical situation临床分级:clinical scale手术后:post- operation肿大:tumefaction肿胀:tumentia咯血:hemoptysis咳痰:expectoration痰:sputum痰培养:sputum cultivation气短:Breathlessness发热:febrile寒战:chill; rigor; shiver; chills;shivered; shivering胸水:pleural fluid肺炎:①pneumonia②pneumonitis③pulmonitis阻塞性肺炎:obstructive pneumonia呼吸困难:dyspnoea; dyspnea心慌:flustered; panicky胸腔积液:pleural effusion; hydrothorax 心包积液:pericardial effusion;hydropericardium渗出物:effusion喘: gasp;to pant; breathe heavly上腹不适:superior belly malaise; upset盗汗:night sweats声音嘶哑:voice; phono-; sound Hoarseness支架:cage;carriage;cradle进食困难:eating difficulty吞咽困难:dysphagia口服:oral良性息肉:benign polyps癌变:carcinomatous房颤:atrial fibrillation发作:attack鼻饲:nasal feeding嗳气:belch; belching; burping; eructation搔痒:to tickle; to scratch an itch衰弱:weakness躁动:restlessness口腔溃疡:canker sore; oral ulcer; ulcer of mouth脱发:alopecia; loss of hair; baldness感觉减退:hypoesthesia;hypesthesia疼痛:ache;Aching;Pain全身痛:pantalgia乳腺痛:mastalgia胸痛:chest pain腹痛:abdominal pain②abdominalgia背痛:backache; notalgia; dorsodynia; Dorsalgia腰痛:lumbag胸部压痛:tenderness of chest便秘:constipation大便失禁:encopresis; fecal incontinence;scatacratia尿潴留:urinary retention恶心:nausea呕吐:omitting咖啡样呕吐物:caffee-ground vomit呕血:hematemesis; Vomiting of blood上消化道出血:hemorrhage of upper digestive tract; upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage便血:hematochezia柏油样便:tarry stools腹泻:diarrhoea;diarrhea;diarrhea排尿时里急后重:vesical tenesmus尿失禁:urinary incontinence食欲:appetite恶液质:dyscrasia倦怠:lassitude恶病质: cachecxia cachexy 低蛋白血症:hypoproteinemia全身水肿:hyposarca消瘦:emaciation; marasmus; marcor; thinness; tabification贫血:anemia类白血病反应:leukemoid reaction白血病:leukemia白细胞:leucocyte红细胞:erythrocyte血小板:blood platelet; thrombocyte;血红蛋白:ferrohemoglobin白细胞减少:leucocytopenia; leukopenia 血小板减少:thrombocytopenia骨髓抑制bone marrow depression:淋巴结:lymph node胸腺:①thymus②thymus gland锁骨上淋巴结:supraclavicular lymph nodes 锁骨下淋巴结:subclavicular lymph node腋窝淋巴结axillary lymph node耳后淋巴结:posterior auricular lymph node 腹股沟淋巴结:inguinal lymph node;lymph node of groin颈淋巴结:cervical lymph node;jugular lymph node纵隔:mediastina纵隔后淋巴结:posterior mediastinal lymph nodes活组织检查;活体解剖:biopsy淋巴结细针吸活组织检查:fine needle biopsy of lymph node淋巴结细针吸引活组织检查:fine needle aspiration biopsy of lymph node恶性淋巴瘤:burkitt's lymphoma; malignant lymphoma何杰金氏病:malignant lymphogranulomatosis; Hodgkin's disease蕈样霉菌病:mycosis fungoides恶性黑色素瘤:malignant melanoma鼻甲:conchae;Concha nasalis;nasal turbinate; nasoturbinalconcha; turbinate; turbinates鼻甲切除术:conchectomy+病理诊断:pathologic diagnosis喉鳞状细胞癌:aaryngeal squamouscarcinoma食道癌:esophageal cancer小细胞肺癌:SCLC;small cell lung cancer 非小细胞肺癌:NSCLC;non-small cell lung cancer间皮瘤:mesothelioma胸膜:pleura乳腺癌:mammary cancer ;乳腺Paget病和导管内癌:Paget's disease and intraductal carcinoma of breast乳腺浸润性癌:IBC;invasive breast cancer 乳腺囊肿:galactocele; lactocele乳腺硬癌:mastoscirrhus髓样癌:medullary carcinoma乙型肝炎:hepatitis B肝硬化:cirrhosis of liver肝昏迷:hepatic coma前驱期:prodromal period潜伏期:incubation period; latent period 初期:incipient stage静止期:quiescent stage恢复期:convalescent stage碱性磷酸酶:alkaline phosphatase酸性磷酸酶:acid phosphatase谷草转氨酶:glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase谷丙转氨酶:glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 门静脉高压:portal hypertension慢性胆囊炎:chronic cholecystitis胆管炎:cholangitis胆石症:gallstone胆色素:bile pigments; porphobilin胆囊炎:cholecystitis胆囊脓肿:abscess of gallbladder胆囊囊肿:cyst of gallbladder梗阻性黄疸:obstructive jaundice胰腺癌:pancreatic cancer; pancreatic carcinoma胰岛细胞癌:Islet cell carcinoma胰岛素瘤:insulinoma; insuloma胰头:head of pancreas壶腹周围癌:Bottle belly around cancer粘膜:mucosa腹膜:Peritoneum腹膜后:retroperitoneum脾:spleen〔动〕;lien; lineal腹部穿剌术:Abdominal paracentesis肾:kidney肾结石:calculus of kidney; kidney stone;nephrolithiasis; renal stone;renal calculus肾上腺:suprarenal gland; adrenal gland 膀胱:bladder; cysr-; cysto-; urocyst子宫:metra-;metro-子宫癌:cancer of the womb子宫肌瘤:hysteromyoma; myoma of uterus 子宫体癌(子宫内膜癌):carcinoma of corpus uteri; carcinoma of endometrium 子宫囊肿:cyst of uterus卵巢囊肿:ovarian cyst子宫不规则出血:metrorrhagia子宫镜;子宫镜检查:metroscop肌瘤:myoma 卵巢:oophoro-;ovario-卵巢的:ovarian输卵管:fallopian tube;oviduct;uterine tube附件癌:adnexal carcinoma妇产科学:OB-GYN(obstetric-gynaecolog);obstertrics-gynecolog(abb. OBGyN)妇科学: gynecology盆腔:pelvic kidney盆腔肿块:Pelvic lump肛门:anus降结肠癌:descending colon carcinoma直肠癌:rectal cancer; pimeloma;carcinoma of rectum大肠癌:前列腺:prostate前列腺肥大:prostatic hyperplasia;prostatauxe动脉瘤:aneurysm脑胶质瘤:brain glioma脑垂体瘤:brain pituitary tumour皮肤:skin; strap; leash; cutis滑膜肉瘤:synovial sarcoma恶性黑色素瘤:malignant melanoma胃镜:gastroscope胃溃疡:gastric ulcer; stomach ulcer泌尿道结石:urinary stone绝经:menopause绝经后期:postmenopause绝经后出血:postmenopausal bleeding雌激素:estrin; estrogen;Estrogens雄激素:androgen雌激素受体:estrin( estrogen;Estrogens )receptor孕酮:progesterone; corlutin; flavolutan; fologenon;esterol;gestone;gestormone;g estron;lipo-lutin;sistociclina;syngest erone;proluton;progestone;progesterol; progekan;primolut;pregnenedione芳香化酶抑制剂:arimedex; exemestane;fadrozol; vorozole阳性:positive阴性:negative病理性骨折:pathologic fracture石膏:plaster;gypsum石膏固定术:plaster immobilization病理诊断:pathologic diagnosis病理组织学检查:histopathologicexaminationB超:B-model ultrasound scanningECG心电图:electrocardiogram;(echocardiogram 超声心动图;electrocardiograph 心电描记器,心电图机;)MRI:磁共振成象PSA: Prostate specific antigen前列腺特异抗原免疫功能:immunological function免疫系统:immune system神经系统:nervous system腺癌:adenocarcinoma鳞癌:squamous carcinoma鳞腺癌:adeno-squamous carcinoma未分化癌:undifferentiated carcinoma单纯癌:carcinoma simplex硬癌:inocarcinoma汗腺癌:Sweat gland carcinoma印戒细胞癌:signet-ring cell carcinoma粘液细胞癌:mucilage cell;mucous cell carcinoma类癌:carcinoid甲状腺髓样癌:medullary thyroid carcinoma 大肠癌:large intestine carcinoma白血病:Leukemia急性淋巴细胞白血病:acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ALL慢性粒细胞白血病:chronic myelocytic leukemia; chronic granulocytic leukemia; CML; CGL骨肉瘤:osteosarcoma;osteogenic sarcoma 肾细胞癌:renal cell carcinoma分化:differentiation免疫功能:immunological function死亡率:mortality辅助化疗:adjuvant chemotherapy新辅助化疗:neoadjuvant chemotherapy诱导化疗:induction chemotherapy放射疗法:Radiation; radiation theraphy; radiotherapeutics; radiotherapy生物疗法:biological therapy生物反应调节剂:BRM;biological response modifier(s)中药疗法:the traditional Chinese medicine therapy瘤苗:外周血干细胞移植:方案:pathologic fracture ;spontaneous fracture反应:response副反应:side effectBLM:博来霉素:BleomycinPYM:平阳霉素:Pingyangmycin;Bleomycin A5DDP:顺铂:CisplatinCBP:卡铂:Carboplatin草酸铂:oxaliplatinHCPT:羟基喜树碱:Hydroxycamptothecin CTX:环磷酰胺:Cyclophosphamide 5-Fu:氟尿嘧啶:5-FluorouracilFYL:氟铁龙:FortulonFI-207:替加氟:TegafurHCFU:卡莫氟,嘧氟禄:CarmofurIFN:干扰素:InterferonIL-2:白细胞介素-2:Intelukin2MTX:氨甲蝶呤:MethotrexatePDN:强的松:PrednisoneTAM:他莫西芬(三苯氧胺):Tamoxifen MA:甲地孕酮:Megestrol acetate;Mebace MPA:甲孕酮:Medroxyprogesterone acetate ; Provera; Veramix;MIT:米托蒽醌:Mitoxantrone;Noventrone TAX:紫杉醇:Paclitexal:泰素:Taxol:泰素蒂:Taxotere;DocetaxolVCR:长春新碱:VincristineVLB:长春花碱:VinblastineVDS:长春酰胺:VindesineNVB:诺维本(去甲长春花碱):Novelbine VP-16:足叶乙甙(依托泊甙):Etoposide VM-26:威猛(替尼泊甙):Teniposide ADM:阿霉素:AdriamycinTHP:吡喃阿霉素:THP-adriamycin;PirarubicinEPI:表阿霉素:EpirubicinMMC:丝裂霉素:Mitomycin CCSF:集落刺激因子:colony stimulating factor并发症:complication并发病:complicating diseases流行病:epidemic disease遗传病:inherited disease职业病:occupational disease传染病:infectious disease主诉:chief complaint临床表现:clinical manifestation;clinical situation病史:history; medical history既往史:past history个人史:personal history分娩史:delivery history月经史:menarche初潮:menarche闭经:menopause; menoschesis;amenorrhea; amenia家族史:family history发病机制:pathogenesis; nosogenesis婚姻状况:marital status症状:symptom主要症状:cardinal symptom典型症状:classical symptom伴发症状:concomitant symptom 全身症状:constitutional(systemic) symptom间接症状:indirect symptom诱发症状:induced symptom局部症状:local symptom精神症状:mental symptom听诊:auscultation视诊:inspection触诊:palpation叩诊:Percussion谵妄:delirium哮喘:asthma穿孔:perforation溃疡:ulceration坏死:necrosis出汗,大量出汗:diaphoresis; sweating; perspiration;盗汗:night sweat消瘦:emaciation; marasmus; marcor;thinness; tabification。

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