托福TPO29口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
TPO 29 托福综合写作+独立写作范文
TPO 29综合写作：阅读：ed会向南迁徙，因为恶略的天气环境阅读1：去南方找食物，NS比较寒冷，没法生存听力1：NS much warmer than today.夏天能提供足够的食物，24消失的阳光共植物生长冬天也有食物，dead plants 也能能够提供足够的营养阅读2：发现恐龙是群居的，有助于迁徙听力2：群居并不意味着迁徙，有其他的好处：可以保护自己免受捕食者的侵略例子：elk 群居，但是他们不迁徙阅读3：身体条件上有能力迁徙比较长的距离，寒冷的地方到温暖的地方听力3：青年恐龙身体条件上无法迁徙，跟不上群体，成年的也不会把他们落下，不能自给自足，群体都会呆在NS，不迁徙In the reading passage, the writer claim that edmontosaurus had to migrate to hospitable places in the south, if they want to survive in the cold weather. The speaker, however, contradicts this view for the following three reasons.First of all, the reading materials points out that it is difficult that edmontosaurus to find food in cold winter because of they were fed on plants exclusively. But the speaker reputes that warm weather in summer supplied perfect condition for plants to grow. So edmontosaurus might found lots of nutritious dead vegetation around in the winter, which made migration unnecessary.Second, unearthed skeletons from the same site indicated that edmontosaurus lived in herds. Living in herds made migration much easy. But the lecture gave an example of Roosevelt elks to prove that group living might have various types of reasons. So edmontosaurus may live in herds in order to seek for extra protection. So living in herds could not provide evidence for migration claim.Lastly, edmontosaurus, in view of the writer, had the ability of long-distance movement. Although the lecturer admitted the locomotive capability of edmontosaurus, he points out that juvenile edmontosaurus were lack of such ability. So the herd would not leave juveniles behind in the North Slope, which strongly reputes the author’s claim.独立写作：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? To improve the quality of education, universities should spend more money on salaries for university professors. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.With the rapid development of society, more and more elites are required for advance science and technology. So how to improve the quality of higher education becomes an emergency problem for universities. Improve the facilities and equipments, design attracting courses, introducing famous professors, elevate salaries for professors or provide more resources for students like holding international communicating meetings, all these strategies will solve the problem. So I think universities should prefer to taking multiple methods to improve the quality of education rather than just spending money on professors.As a boost enrollment in universities nowadays, there are so many students attend college that will require more funding and resource. Universities should employ more faculties, purchase more facilities to cope with the increase population in campus. Only that happens that every student will get equal chance to gain knowledge and share the colorful campus life. For instance, when I was a fresh student in my college, owing to so many students want to study in library that I need get up early and rush the way to get a seat. Limited seats in the library influences students' study passion which leads to the decline of the quality of education in the end. So I think the most important thing to improve quality of education is to make the facilities prefect.What's more, universities should hold some international communicating meetings andintroduce professors who are talented, knowledgeable and prestigious. So students can have more opportunities to share the advanced achievements directly and communicate with the professors who are famous in their interested field. I think that will inspire students' creativity, intelligence and imagination which need in the college study, then they will contribute more to the university and the society.Admittedly, universities should increase the salaries for professors. A college teacher is more responsible for the quality of education because college life maybe the last stage of students' study period before taking a job. What can a student do depend on what knowledge and skills they gained from school and from professors. So professors will be more dedicated to their work with high pay which lead to more useful people graduate from school.All in all, if universities have enough money they should take variety ways to improve the quality of education, especially what I mentioned above.。
托福口语task4真题及解析-智课教育旗下智课教育
智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料托福口语task4真题及解析-智课教育旗下智课教育托福口语task4该怎样解题呢？答案和题目之间有什么关系呢？现在就跟着智课教育小编一起来学习吧！在托福口语 考试中，task4是比较难的题目，你知道这类话题该怎样解答吗?我们又应该怎样做才能在托福口语考试中取得高分呢?这类话题中的范文又应该怎样组织呢?现在就跟着智课教育小编一起来看看这则托福口语范文解析吧!Reading Part:Experimenter EffectOne objective of any experiment is, of course, to obtain accurate results. Sometimes, however, problems occur that lead to in accurate results. One such problem is the experimenter effect. ①The experimenter effect occurs when are searcher’s expectations affect the outcome of the experiment. The researcher expects a particular result from the experiment, and that expectation causes the researcher to act in ways that influence the behavior of the experiment participants, thereby invalidating the results of the experiment.Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology class.(male professor) ②For example, I recently read about a case in which a researcher was given two groups of monkeys and he was asked to train these monkeys to pick up a ball and put it in a box. And he was told to record how many hours it took to train each monkey to learn to do this.③Now, before he started the training, the researcher was told that one group of monkeys was highly intelligent and the other group was less intelligent. In truth, there was no difference between them. All the monkeys were actually very similar in terms of intelligence. But the researcher didn’t know that. Hethought one group was smarter, so he expected that group would be easier to train.So, what happened? Well, the researcher trained the monkeys to perform the action, and it turned out that.④ On average, it took him two hours less time to train the supposedly smart monkeys than the supposedly less intelligent monkeys. Why? ⑤Well, it turns out that with the supposedly smart monkeys the researcher smiled at them a lot, gave them a lot of encouragement, talked to them a lot, worked hard to communicate with them but with the monkeys he thought were less intelligent, he wasn’t this enthusiastic, he didn’t try this hard, wasn’t quite optimistic.Question:Explain how the example from the professor ’s lecture illustrates the experimenter effect.一.范文The professor talks about experimenter effect which occurs when a researcher’s expectation affect the outcome of an experiment. In the study, researcher was asked to train two groups of monkeys. He was told that one group of monkey was smarter than the other, although they are equally intelligent. It turned out monkeys from the first group took two hours less to train on average. The reason was that the researcher expected the smarter group to be easier to train so he smiled to those monkeys and encouraged them a lot during the training. But he didn’t work as hard with the monkeys from the other group.二.重点词汇1. objective：adj. 客观的;目标的;宾格的Our main objective was the recovery of the child safe and well.2. invalidate：vt. 使无效;使无价值An official decree invalidated the vote in the capital.3. encouragement：n. 鼓励Friends gave me a great deal of encouragement.4. enthusiastic：adj. 热情的;热心的;狂热的Tom was very enthusiastic about the place.三.重点句型1. ①when引起了时间状语从句，这句话给实验者效应下定义，实验者的期望有时候会影响实验的结果。
tpo29阅读答案
tpo29阅读答案【篇一：tpo29阅读文本】racteristics of roman potterythe pottery of ancient romans is remarkable in several ways. the high quality of roman pottery is very easy to appreciate when handling actual pieces of table ware or indeed kitchenware and amphorae(the large jars used throughout the mediterranean for the transport and storage of liquids, such as wine and oil). however, it is impossible to do justice to roman wares on the page, even when words can be backed up by photographs and drawings. most roman pottery is light and smooth to the touch and very tough, although, like all pottery, it shatters if dropped on a hard surface. it is generall made with carefully selected and porified clay, worked to thin-walled and standardized shapes on a fast wheel and fired in akiln(pottery oven) capable of ensuring a consistent finish. with handmade pottery, inevitably there are slight differences between individual vessels of the same desigh andoccasional minor blemishe(flaws). but what strikes the eye and the touch most immediately and most powerfully with roman pottery is its consistent high quality.le it, they often comment on how modern it looks and feels, and they need to be convinced of its true age.as impressive as the quality of roman pottery is its sheer massive quantity. when considering quantities, we would ideally like to havesome estimates for overall production from particular sites of pottery manufacture and for overall consumption at specific settlements. unfortunately, it is in the nature of the archaeological evidence, which is almost in variably only a sample of what once existed, that such figures will always be elusive. however, no one who has ever worked in the field would quenstion the abundance of roman pottery, particularly in the mediterranean region. this abundance is notable in roman settlements(especially urban sites)where the labor that archaeologists have to put into the washing and sorting of potsherds (fragments of pottery) constitutes a high proportion of the total work during the initial phases of excavation.■only rarely can we derive any “real” quantities from deposits of broken pots. ■however, there is one exceptional dump, which does represent a very large part of the site’s total history of consumption and for which an estimate of quantity has been produced. ■on the left bankof the tiber river in rome, by one of the river ports of the ancient city, is a substantial hill some 50 meters high called monte testaccio. ■ it is made up entirely of broke oil amphorae,mainly of the second and third centuries a.d. it has been estimated that monte testaccil contains the remains of some 53 million amphorae, in which aroud 6,000 million liters of oil were imported into the city from overseas. imports into imperial rome were supported by the full might of the state and were therefore quite exceptional—but the size of the operations at monte testaccil, and the productivity and complexity that lay behind them, nonetheless cannot fail to impress. this was a society with similarities to modern ones—moving good s on a gigantic scale, manufacturing high-quality containers to do so, and occasionally, as here, even discarding them on delivery.q1 paragraph 1 indicates which of the following about roman pottery?a. roman amphorae were of much higher quality overall than other roman pottery.b. roman pottery can best be appreciated when actual pieces are handled.c. roman pottery declined slightly in quality when the use of fast wheels and kilns was introduced.d. roman practical tableware spread more rapidly across the mediterranean than amphorae did.paragraph 1 is marked with an arrowq2 all of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as characteristics of roman pottery except:a. it was usually made with high-quality clay.b. it generally did not weigh much.c. it did not break as easily as other ancient pottery.d. it sometimes had imperfections.【篇二：托福阅读tpo29(试题答案译文)第3篇-the history of waterpower_托福阅读】xt>托福阅读tpo29(试题+答案+译文)第3篇:the history ofwaterpower_托福阅读重点单词查看全部解释obsolete [?bs?li:t] 想一想再看 adj. 已废弃的，过时的联想记忆 x 单词obsolete 联想记忆：ob不，solete用一不再用一过时的disagreement [.dis?gri:m?nt] 想一想再看 n. 不合，争论，不一致technical [teknik?l] 想一想再看 adj. 技术的，工艺的negative [neg?tiv] 想一想再看 adj. 否定的，负的，消极的n. 底片，负联想记忆 x 单词negative 联想记忆：negat否认+ive表形容词→否认的uncertainty [?ns?:tnti] 想一想再看 n. 不确定，不可靠，半信半疑(学术)不可信度; 偏差resolve [riz?lv] 想一想再看 n. 决定之事，决心，坚决vt. 决定，解决联想记忆 x 单词resolve 联想记忆：solve作为词根有溶解和解决两个意思。
托福阅读TPO29原文译文+答案
小编为托福考生们准备了托福阅读TPO29原文译文+答案,希望各位考生们在TPO真题里能够得到锻炼，祝广大托福考生能够取得理想成绩。
Characteristics of Roman PotteryThe pottery of ancient Romans is remarkablein several ways. The highquality of Roman potteryis very easy to appreciate when handling actualpieces oftableware or indeed kitchenware andamphorae (the large jars used throughout theMediterranean for the transport and storage ofliquids, such as wine and oil).However, it is impossible to do justice to Roman wares on thepage, even whenwords can be backed up by photographs and drawing. Most Roman pottery islightand smooth to touch and very tough, although, like all pottery, it shatters ifdropped ona hard surface. It is generally made with carefully selected andpurified clay, worked to thin-walled and standardized shapes on a fast wheel andfired in a kiln (pottery oven) capable ofensuring a consistent finish. Withhandmade pottery, inevitably there are slight differencesbetween individualvessels of the same design and occasional minor blemishes (flaws). Butwhatstrikes the eye and the touch most immediately and most powerfully with Romanpotteryis its consistent high quality.古罗马的陶器在诸多方面成就惊人。
托福TPO2口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO2口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO2口语Task4阅读文本： Social Interaction People deal with each other every day. This interaction is at the heart of social life. The study of social interaction is concerned with the influence people have over one another's behavior. People take each other into account in their daily behavior and in fact, the very presence of others can affect behavior. For example, one principle of social interaction, audience effects, suggests that individuals' work is affected by their knowledge that they are visible to others, that the presence of others tends to alter the way people behave or perform an activity. 托福TPO2口语Task4听力文本： Okay, so we said that the way we interact others has an impact on our behavior. In fact, there is some interesting research to suggest that in one type of interaction, when we are being observed, specifically, when we know we are being watched as we performed some activity, we tend to increase the speed at which we perform that activity. In one study, college students were asked to each put on a pair of shoes, shoes with laces they would have to tie. Now, one group of students was told that they would be observed. The second group, however, didn't know they were being observed. The students who were aware that they were being watched, actually tied their shoes much faster than the students who thought they were alone. Other studies confirm the same is true, even when we are learning new activities. Let's say someone is learning a new task, for example, learning how to type. When they are conscious of being observed, they'11 likely begin typing at a much faster rate than they would if they were alone. But and this is interesting, the study also showed that certain common behavior, things people typically do like making mistakes when you're learning something new. That behavior pattern will also increase. So in other words, when we are learning to type, and we know we are being watched, we all type faster but we 'II also make more mistakes. 托福TPO2口语Task4题目： Explain how the examples of tying shoes and learning to type demonstrate the principle of audience effects. 托福TPO2口语Task4满分范文： Audience effects suggest that with the knowledge that they're being watched while working, people usually alter their behavior during their work. And the professorillustrates the principle with two studies that suggest this. In the first study, two groups of students were asked to put on shoes that they had to tie, one group being told later that they would be observed, while the other group being kept in dark. So when the researchers began to observe, they found that the group aware of the observation tied faster than the other group. This study shows how audience effects speed up people's action. While the second study suggests that when people are learning new things, with the awareness of being observed, they will not only accelerate, but also increase certain behavior pattern. For instance, when they learn to type, they'll type faster, but meanwhile make more mistakes. (141 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO2口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福口语范文task4
托福口语范文task4Task4的题目流程和Task3是一样的，是Read/Listen/Speak三者结合，属于integrated speaking题型的。
不过是关于an academic topic。
总的来说，Task4比Task3的难度更加提升了一些下面是我为您整理的关于〔托福〕口语范文task4，希望对你有所帮助。
托福口语范文task4模板In the lecture， the professor mainly talked about the theory that_______.To reinforce the theory， the professor gave two examples / reasons in his speech. The first one is that_______. The other one is that______.And thats the two examples / reasons the speaker presented to explain his/her idea. (The conclusion is optional. ) 托福口语Task4听力题目及满分范文托福综合口语Task4听力原文Chaining BehaviorMany everyday human behaviors are made up of a sequenceof several simpler behaviors. In order to teach children to perform these complex behaviors, parents sometimes use a technique called chaining. First, parents identify each of the simpler component behaviors and determine the order in which these simpler behaviors are performed. Parents then start with the first task in the chain. When the child has mastered that element, parents then teach the second element together with the first and reinforce this effort. When these are performed 〔sat〕isfactorily, they move on to elements one, two, and three and so on, adding one behavior at a time. The behaviors are not taught in isolation; hence the term "chain.'托福综合口语Task4听力题目Question：Using the example of washing hands, explain the concept of chaining behavior.托福综合口语Task4满分范文：Chaining behavior is a technique used by parents to teach children a sequence of complex behaviors. For example, professor taught his daughter how to wash her hands. He divided this complex behavior into 5 steps, and taught hisdaughter one step at a time. He first showed his daughter step 1 and practiced it with her for a couple of days. When she has mastered this action, he showed her step 2 and let her practice both steps for another few days until she can do both by herself. Then he added the third step after, and also let her practice for a while until she can do them all. For the last two steps, he did the same thing as the previous three steps. Finally she could finish the hand washing all by herself.托福口语task4分析丨阅读文本：Reference GroupsOur thinking and behavior are often influenced by other people. When we admire and respect someone, we naturally try to imitate their behavior and attitudes. Groups of people whom we admire and whose behavior and attitudes we tend to imitate are known as reference groups. Reference groups provide a model a frame of reference that can shape how we think and behave. Over the course of a lifetime, we may beinfluenced by many different reference groups. As we grow older, or encounter new circumstances, our reference groups may change, and our attitudes and behavior may change accordingly.我们不难发现，定义句是第三句话，此外还有一句关键信息句即最后一句，表示我们的参照人群是会变化的。
托福阅读TPO29原文译文+答案
托福阅读TPO29原文译文+答案小编为托福考生们准备了托福阅读TPO29原文译文+答案,希望各位考生们在TPO真题里能够得到锻炼，祝广大托福考生能够取得理想成绩。
Characteristics of Roman PotteryThe pottery of ancient Romans is remarkablein several ways. The highquality of Roman potteryis very easy to appreciate when handling actualpieces oftableware or indeed kitchenware andamphorae (the large jars used throughout theMediterranean for the transport and storage ofliquids, such as wine and oil).However, it is impossible to do justice to Roman wares on thepage, even whenwords can be backed up by photographs and drawing. Most Roman pottery islightand smooth to touch and very tough, although, like all pottery, it shatters ifdropped ona hard surface. It is generally made with carefully selected andpurified clay, worked to thin-walled and standardized shapes on a fast wheel andfired in a kiln (pottery oven) capable ofensuring a consistent finish. Withhandmade pottery, inevitably there are slight differencesbetween individualvessels of the same design and occasional minor blemishes (flaws). Butwhatstrikes the eye and the touch most immediately and most powerfully with Romanpotteryis its consistent high quality.古罗马的陶器在诸多方面成就惊人。
托福TPO29综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文
¡¡¡¡ÎªÁË°ïÖú´ó¼Ò¸ßЧ±¸¿¼Íи££¬Îª´ó¼Ò´øÀ´Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷ÔĶÁÔ-ÎÄ+ÌýÁ¦Ô-ÎÄ+Âú·Ö·¶ÎÄ£¬Ï£Íû¶Ô´ó¼Ò±¸¿¼ÓÐËù°ïÖú¡£¡¡¡¡Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷ÔĶÁÔ-ÎÄÎı¾£º¡¡¡¡Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold,arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable,especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis. First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis.Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food. Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration.The finding that edmonotsaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis. Finally, edmonosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which is certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winters.¡¡¡¡Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷ÌýÁ¦Ô-ÎÄÎı¾£º¡¡¡¡ProfessorThe hypothesis that the Edmontosaur migrated every winter is not convincing.First, the Edmontosaur did not have to migrate to find food. Once hundred million years ago, the summer temperatures in the North Slope area were warmer than they are today. And remember, in arctic regions like the North Slope, the Sun shines 24 hours a day at the peak of the summer. The warm temperatures and extensive daylight created incredibly good growing conditions for plants, so much vegetation was produced during the summer that when the vegetation died as the winter came, there was a lot of nutritious dead vegetation around in the winter. The Edmontosaur could have easily lived on the dead plant matter during the winter.Second, just because Edmontosaurs lived in herds doesn't mean they migrated. Animals live in herds for many other reasons. Living in herds, for example, provides animals with extra protection from predators. Having extra protection is useful even for the animals that live in the same area the whole year around. A modern example of this is the Roosevelt elk¡ªa large plant-eater. Roosevelt elks live in the forests of the western United States. They live in herds but they do not migrate.Third, although adult Edmontosaurs were capable of migrating long distances, what about Edmontosaurs that were not yet adults? Juvenile Edmontosaurs were not physically capable of travelling the great distances required to reach warmer territories and would have slowed the herd so much that the herd never would have made it to its destination. The herd could not have left the juveniles behind because the juveniles would not have survived on their own. So the whole herd had to stay where they were and survive on the cold North Slope.¡¡¡¡Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷Âú·Ö·¶ÎÄ1£º¡¡¡¡In the reading passage, the writer claim that edmontosaurus had to migrate to hospitable places in the south, if they want to survive in the cold weather. The speaker, however, contradicts this view for the following three reasons. First of all, the reading materials points out that it is difficult that edmontosaurus to find food in cold winter because of they were fed on plants exclusively. But the speaker reputes that warm weather in summer supplied perfect condition for plants to grow. So edmontosaurus might found lots of nutritious dead vegetation around in the winter, which made migration unnecessary. Second, unearthed skeletons from the same site indicated that edmontosaurus lived in herds. Living in herds made migration much easy. But the lecture gave an example of Roosevelt elks to prove that group living might have various types of reasons. So edmontosaurus may live in herds in order to seek for extra protection. So living in herds could not provide evidence for migration claim. Lastly, edmontosaurus, in view of the writer, had the ability of long-distance movement. Although the lecturer admitted the locomotive capability of edmontosaurus, he points out that juvenile edmontosaurus were lack of such ability. So the herd would not leave juveniles behind in the North Slope, which strongly reputes the author¡¯s claim.¡¡¡¡Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷Âú·Ö·¶ÎÄ2£º¡¡¡¡In the reading passage, the writer proposes several arguments to support the hypothesis that in order to survive the winter, edmontosaur would migrate south to more hospitable regions. The speaker, however, contradicts this view for the following three reasons. First of all, the reading materials points out that since edmontosaurus fed exclusively on plants, it was difficult for edmontosaurus to find food in cold winter because no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter. But the speaker reputes that the temperature in North Sloper were much warmer than they are today. So warm weather in summer supplied perfect condition for plants to grow, and edmontosaurus might found lots of nutritious dead vegetation around in the winter, which made migration unnecessary. Second, unearthed skeletons from the same site indicated that edmontosaurus lived in herds. Living in herds made migration much easier, which is a strong support for migration. But the lecture gives an example of Roosevelt elks to show that animals live in groups for various reasons,。
托福TPO9口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO9口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO9口语Task4阅读文本： The Establishing Shot Film directors use different types of camera shots for specific purposes. An establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene, usually taken from far away, that is used to provide context for the rest of the scene. One purpose of the establishing shot is to communicate background information to the viewer, such as the setting – where and when the rest of the scene will occur. It also establishes the mood or feeling of the scene. Due to the context that the establishing shot provide, the characters and events that are shown next are better understood by the viewer. 托福TPO9口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a film class. (male) The other day I went to this great new movie. And one of the scenes in particular I thought was really set up nicely. At the start of the scene, before the action and talking things started, you saw on the movie screen an image of a city. You could tell it was a big city. There were lots of buildings, tall ones, skyscrapers, and the cars and signs on the city streets looked old fashioned, like they were from the past, like the 1940s. The other thing I noticed right away from this first image, just when the scene started, was that the city seemed gloomy. You couldn't see much because it was, well, it was mostly darkness rather than sunlight. And there was only just little bit of light from street lamps. On top of that, it was raining and kind of foggy.All of these details were together to create a dark, gloomy, mysterious feeling. So then, when the action started and it showed detectives talking to each other in the office, I already knew that the office was located in a tall building, in a big city, sometime in the 1940s. And I had a good idea that the events that’d be taking place would be pretty dark and mysterious because of the shot, the image I saw at the beginning of the scene." 托福TPO9口语Task4题目： Using the professor’s example, explain what an establishing shot is and how it is used. 托福TPO9口语Task4满分范文： "Establishing shot is a far-away image shown at the beginning of a film scene that is used to communicate background information and create mood feelings. The professor takes a film he used to see as an example. At the beginning of the film, he saw an image of a big city, and in the city there were lots of tall buildings, skyscrapers as well as old-fashioned cars and signs. All of these told him that the story took place in the 1940s in a big city. Then he noticed that the city was gloomy, because there wasn't much light, only a bit light from the street lamp. Besides, it rained and fogged. So the whole scene seemed dark, gloomy and mysterious. When the action started and the detectives began to talk, he already knew that the story took place in a tall building, in a 1940s big city, and the story was dark and mysterious because of what he saw in the establishing shot. (163 words)" 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO9口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
2019年5月29日托福口语真题答案及解析(范文版)
2019年5月29日托福口语真题答案及解析(范文版) Task1School is planning to forbid the use of cellphone on campus. What do you think are the effects of the policy?Sample Answer：The prohibition of using cellphone has both positive and negative effects on students.Merits are that cellphone is a useful tool for students in many aspects of their daily lives. The multifunction of a cellphone can be a lot help to them when it comes to checking new vocabularies and learning extra curriculum online.However, One the other hand, the misusage of this tool can be a disaster for students’ study and health. When they obsessively cling to it and get distracted by the information considered negative for students, chances are that their performance in study and also physical condition will both heading downward.Task2Do you agree or disagree with the statement that students should be rewarded if they perform well at school?Sample AnswerFrom what I know, I would agree with the statement that students should get praised when their parents have apositive feedback of them from school. There are several reasons that I would point out here.Firstly, the motivation for students to continue to work hard as before or even harder than before, I would assumethat the award is a stimulus to students who have a remarkable performance at school. It makes perfect sense for parents to do so.Secondly, the satisfaction for students to be happy, the tedious process of studying is really hard for students to take at school. If they can receive any kind of gift as the encouragement for their hard work, it will really make them feel relieved.Task3阅读：The professor plans to use a research paper rather than a test for the final.教授认为：能够让学生有更多时间准备一个确定的话题，从而会研究得更加深入。
TPO29口语
TPO29口语第一题：Personality speaking ,I would like to say that a University Professor is a most rewarding job.The reasons are as follows .First and foremost ,a university professor plays a vital role in cultivating talents for the society.this means a university professor could make great contributions to our world .As we all know,in this exceedingly competitive world ,how can we compete with other countries ,that is talented people .What’s more ,a university professor undoubtedly could solve some sever academic issues that we are confronted with .For instance ,a university professor is able to conduct lectures and seminars in their specialties, such as the fields of science, literature 。
So ,I think a university professor would be a rewarding job .第二题：The reason why I like to study in places where there are few people or no people around is that I can concentrate better on my work. I’m easily distracted when people keep talking around me.More importantly, I can’t focus when studying with people around.Further more ,I can choose my own ways of studying, which brings more refreshment and relaxation. For instance, I like to lie on the sofa and hold a book while others prefer to sit properly in their desk and do their homework.Last but not least ,it enhances my ability to work independently.I always feel happier if I can achieve goals with my own hands.Section2综合任务3通知：从校园中移走那些老旧的自行车原因1：这些自行车放在这已经很长时间了原因2：这些自行车占了很多的地方，要是腾出来可以让那些骑自行车的人有地方停车文中的女的完全同意这个观点原因1：首先这些自行车已经很旧了，很多零件已经丢失并且还生锈了;或者可以告之车主必须在2周内把车取走，不然这些车就会被学校的保安收走原因2：这些车占了学校的很多地方导致一些骑车的学生没有车位停车，导致他们必须到另一个建筑物前停车From the letter we know that the university should remove these old bikes from campus racks, because these bikes have not been moved for a long time and the bikes take up lots of space on campus.In the conversation the woman agrees with the policy for two reasons .Firstly, some parts of these bikes have been lost, like ,handle bars or wheels, and others are really rusty because they have been left outside in the rain for years . Also the university could attach notes to the bike’s owners to remove the bikes in 2 weeks , or they will be removed by the campus security . Secondly, these bikes have taken up lots of spaces in front of the dinning hall, students can’t find any space to park and walk to the dinning hall .4分散储藏：一些动物在食物充足的时候收集并准备很多，另一些动物则是把食物分布在不同的地方储藏起来，用来以备将来之需。
托福口语task4听力文本
托福口语task4听力文本现在大家在进行〔托福〕备考时TPO托福模考软件相信是大家用的最多的工具了，关于托福成绩的提升是非常有帮助的。
托福听力可以说是整个托福考试当中比较重要的一个部分，下面是我为您整理的关于托福口语task4听力文本，希望对你有所帮助。
TPO9托福口语task4阅读文本：The Establishing ShotFilm directors use different types of camera shots for specific purposes. An establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene, usually taken from far away, that is used to provide context for the rest of the scene. One purpose of the establishing shot is to communicate background information to the viewer, such as the settingwhere and when the rest of the scene will occur. It also establishes the mood or feeling of the scene. Due to the context that the establishing shot provides, the characters and events that are shown next are better understood by the viewer.Using the professors example, explain what an establishing shot is and how it is used.TPO9托福口语task4听力文本：Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a film class.(male) The other day I went to this great new movie. And one of the scenes in particular I thought was really set up nicely. At the start of the scene, before the action and talking things started, you saw on the movie screen an image of a city. You could tell it was a big city. There were lots of buildings, tall ones, skyscrapers, and the cars and signs on the city streets looked old fashioned, like they were from the past, like the 1940s.The other thing I noticed right away from this first image, just when the scene started, was that the city seemed gloomy. You couldnt see much because it was, well, it was mostly darkness rather than sunlight. And there was only just little bit of light from street lamps. On top of that, it was raining and kind of foggy.All of these details were together to create a dark, gloomy, mysterious feeling. So then, when the action started and itshowed detectives talking to each other in the office, I already knew that the office was located in a tall building, in a big city, sometime in the 1940s. And I had a good idea that the events thatd be taking place would be pretty dark and mysterious because of the shot, the image I saw at the beginning of the scene.TPO9托福口语task4题目文本：Using the professors example, explain what an establishing shot is and how it is used.TPO9托福口语task4满分范文：Establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene in order to communicate background information to viewers and establish mood or feeling of the scene. The professor uses a movie he recently watched as an example. At the beginning of the movie, you can see an image of a city with tall buildings, skyscrapers. In the city the cars and signs are old-fashioned. It seems like the city is in the 1940s. Also, before the scene started, the city seemed gloomy. It was mostly darkness, with little light from street lamps and it was raining, kind of foggy. These give viewers a dark, gloomy mysterious feeling. So whendetectives are talking in an office, the professor had already known that the scene is a located in tall building, big city, sometime in the 1940s and the event is dark, gloomy and mysterious.新托福口语Task4题目:广告策略新托福口语Task4题目:ReadingAmbient advertising定义：Ambient advertising refers to an advertising strategy which using creative and unexpected ways to advertise the products.Listening例子：A snack bar make a deal with the train company and post the advertisement on the train, so compared with ads on books and magazines, people are more likely to see these ads and they may come to the snack bar to have something to eat. Snack shop in the train station also prints ads on the train tickets, in this way more customers will come to the shop.新托福口语Task4题目版本二:【名词解释】广告策略【教授举例】让广告不经意出现，比如一个snack在train ticket上做广告，这样上班族下地铁就会到四周的market去购买难度分析及注意事项此题是有关生物自我保护的一篇lecture，听力中的例子并不难，此题属于之前90分班课上讲解的类型之一，是课上必将的经典题目之一。
托福TPO39口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO39口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO39口语Task4阅读文本： Signaling Customers are often willing to pay higher prices for high-quality products, however, without specialized knowledge, it can be difficult to evaluate whether certain items are highly quality. When customers are unsure whether an item is high quality, ad worth the prize, they are less likely to purchase it. This problem can be solved through signaling. The seller of a product finds a way to signal, or demonstrate, to the buyer that the product is high quality. One common signaling strategy is to have a person or company that is not involved in the sale provide an objective, unbiased judgment about the quality of a product. 托福TPO39口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture from a business class. So OK here's a good example. A friend of mine owns a small jewelry store where she sells jewelry. And the jewelry she sells, watches, rings, necklaces, is very expensive, thousands of dollars, because it's all real gold, real diamonds, and other precious gemstones. So of course, when customers come into her store, well, if they are considering spending that much money on a piece of jewelry, they want to make sure it's authentic, that the gold is real, the gemstones are real, and not just pieces of glass. But most customers don't actually know how to tell the difference on their own. So in order to reassure her customers, what my friend did is, she had a jewelry expert come in and look at all the jewelry in her store. This expert had, like, twenty years of experience in examining jewelry, so he knew a lot about it. And the expert examined all the precious gemstones and certified that they were authentic, real. And then my friend put up a sign in the store saying that all the jewelry in the store had been certified as authentic by a leading expert. So her customers would see the sign and know that all the jewelry in the store was real. And since the expert didn't work for my friend's store, it didn't matter to him if the jewelry got sold or not. So customers were likely to trust his opinion. The expert was therefore able to provide evidence that the jewelry was worth the high prices. 托福TPO39口语Task4题目： Explain how the example used in the lecture illustrates the concept of signaling. 托福TPO39口语Task4满分范文： In the passage, the writer mentions a notion called signaling. This concept means the seller of some expensive product will find a way to make his customers believe that his product is high quality and finally buy it. Usually the seller will invite a not-involved party to give unbiased judgment. In the lecture, the man takes a jewelry store as an example. The owner of this store sells authentic watches or rings which are composed of real gold or diamond. So the price is expensive. However, most of people who walk into the store can’t tell these authentic things from fake ones. So the owner invites an expert of 20 years’ experience to certify that these products are real and writes this on a sign. People who read this sign will believe the expert’s words because he is not involved in the sale. Finally they will probably buy some jewelry. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO39口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO31口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO31口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO31口语Task4阅读文本： Mental Accounting Although they may not realize it, people do not always manage their money in responsible way. In their minds, people tend to divide their money into different categories as if they were putting it into separate mental bank accounts. This tendency is known as mental accounting. People mentally store some money in one account to be saved, while they imagine other money being stored in another account from which money can be taken and freely spent. Mental accounting can lead people to spend more money than they should, which can make it difficult for them to save enough money to achieve their long-term financial goals." 托福TPO31口语Task4听力文本： NarratorNow listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class. ProfessorSo a good example of this is something that happened to me. When I was younger, I had an office job and I worked there every day during the week. And I made a regular salary from that. But also I worked as a waiter at a restaurant each weekend, so I made some money from doing that.Now, around this time, I decided I wanted to buy a house. So every time I got my regular paycheck from my job at the office, I'd save as much of the money from it as I could after I bought the basic stuff I needed. But with the money I made as a waiter that was another story. Somehow I guess that money seemed separate from the money I earned at my regular job. So I used the money I made at the restaurant to go out to dinner, to buy videos or CDs, things I didn't really need.But the thing is, it ended up taking me a really long time to save up all the money I needed to buy the house. And looking back now, I realize I could have bought the house a lot sooner if only I had saved more of the money I made working at the restaurant." " 托福TPO31口语Task4题目： Using the examples from the professor’s lecture, explain the concept of mental accounting. 托福TPO31口语Task4满分范文： Mental accounting is a tendency that people divide their money into different categories in their mind and therefore spend more money than they should have. The professor takes his personal experience. He used to have two jobs. He had an officejob on the weekdays and got regular paycheck from it; also he worked part-time in a restaurant at weekends, which earned him some extra money. He decided to buy a house, so with the regular salary he earned from his office job, he only bought daily necessities and then put aside as much as possible. But with the money earned from the restaurant he wasn't so careful, spending it on dinner and buying unnecessary stuffs like CDs, because through mental accounting, the part-time money was separate from his regular paycheck. As a result, it took him longer time to get enough money for a house than he should have if he didn't spend the restaurant money. (158 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO31口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO32口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO32口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO32口语Task4阅读文本： Choice-Supportive Bias People often make decisions by considering the advantages and disadvantages of each option. However, after a person selects an option, there is a tendency for that person to exhibit the choice-supportive bias. After selecting an option, a person may begin to favor that option. Without being fully aware of it, people who exhibit this bias tend to focus on and remember only the advantages of the option they selected. As time passes, they will overlook the option’s disadvantages, eventually even forgetting them. 托福TPO32口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a Psychology class. ProfessorOK, so an example of this from my own life: five or six years ago, I was helping a friend of mine decide on a house to buy. He had been in the market to buy a house and he had it narrowed down to this one house that he was interested in. What he really liked about this house was it had an excellent location. It was in a great place that was actually in the same part of town where he was working right up the street from his job. So he wouldn't have far to drive to get to work which he really liked. However, the downside of this house was that it was smaller than what he was hoping to buy. He wanted to buy sort of a big house and this house just wasn't that big. So it was a tough decision. But my friend eventually did decide to buy the house. And a few years after he made the purchase, I remember, we were talking about the decision and why he decided to buy the house. He told me, well, of course, it was because of the house’s location. He told me how happy he was with the fact it was so close to his work, how great it was only few minutes from his job. I said, “Yes, but, what about its size? Do you still think the house is kind of small?”And he looked at me kind of surprised, “Small? What do you mean small?” Like he didn’t know what I was talking about. The house’s size, a couple of years after buying it, just didn’t seem to be on his mind anymore. 托福TPO32口语Task4题目： Explain how the example from the professor’s lecture illustrate the choice-supportive bias. 托福TPO32口语Task4满分范文： The tendency that people are likely to neglect the disadvantages of their choice after they've made it is called choice-supportive bias. For example，the professor's friend wanted to buy a house several years ago, and he found a house located in the same part of the town where he worked. But the house was not so perfect to his friend because it was smaller than what he wanted to buy. So it was a tough decision. Anyway his friend finally bought the house for its location. A few years later, when the professor visited him, they talked about the decision and he told the professor how happily he bought a house so close to his workplace. But when the professor asked him about the size problem, he responded as if he hadn't even realized that, because he was choice-supportive biased. (154 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO32口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福独立写作29分高分模板(精选)
托福独立写作29分高分模板托福独立写作29分高分范文。
很多准备托福的同学也许都纠结过托福写作，无论是综合写作还是托福独立写作，想拿高分不准备是不行的。
那么，托福独立写作中如何写出近满分的作文？这就要按照ETS的要求，一步一步将该呈现的内容呈现到位了。
今天小新给大家分享一篇托福独立写作29分高分模板，为考生备考托福写作添砖加瓦托福独立写作29分模板：开头支持段落1支持段落2(支持段落3可省)让步段落 +重申自己坚持原观点Perhaps no issue in this world is as significant to xx(ex:people's success) as xx(ex: education).Despite various responses people may have on the topic that xx( ex:which thing should the education aim at).I, given the chance, prefer to endorse that xx(ex:preparing for careers should have primary consideration.) Asked what...will do to ..., some xx(ex:teachers) may answer: xx. Admittedly, xx plays a vital part in xx(ex:person’s success and happiness).But actually, I think that...适用于agree or disagree的问题。
Adj(Marvelous) as it looks at first sight, xx(ex：modern technology) does not xx(ex:help students learn information at a greater speed and with higher efficiency ) in most cases; or it could work towards the opposite direction which led xx(ex:students to lose their initiative to learn and explore.)一上来直接问题的转述：xxxx(ex：Can we know a person through the types of friends he has)?当然，可以转述为 Asked whetherxxx,Different people will give different answers to this question from their own characters, emotional concerns and even educational backgrounds.However, when it comes to me, I firmly believe that...这个适用于所有问题，观点对比型(live in small town or live in big city?)甚至来个简单的， I support the idea that...以上都最后一句来一个：+To better illustrate my point of view, I list several reasons as follows.托福独立写作29分模板：中间部分支持段落1：To begin with,.... 中间需要举例一下：For instance，支持段落2：Furthermore,... 中间有需要的话再举例一下There is no better illustration than the example of...支持段落3,：没有让步段落了就Last but not the least, 有让步段落就In addition,...让步段落：Admittedly, Granted, I tend to agree(concede) that: in some cases(conditions), it may be true that....These cases, however, are rare and therefore are too weak to convince me to walk away from my position .(When the advantages and disadvantages of X and Y are carefully examined, the most striking conclusion is obvious that…… ) I still firmly believe that.托福独立写作29分模板：结尾All in all, for the reasons listed above, we can safely conclude that...以上就是为大家整理的托福写作之托福独立写作29分高分模板，考生要合理利用托福写作模板，为自己的托福写作起到正确有效的作用。
托福综合写作范文真题解析
托福综合写作范文真题解析托福综合写作应该如何写?如果应对托福综合写作的听力内容和阅读内容?这些都是考生在备考时应该掌握的，这样才能在考试中为你的托福综合写作提分。
这里小站教育编辑就为大家带来了托福综合写作的真题解析，希望对大家托福写作提分有帮助。
这里小站教育名师用TPO29的托福综合写作为例为大家详解托福综合写作的解题全过程，希望对大家备考托福写作有帮助。
阅读内容：Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska’s North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable, especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized Edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.现今经历极寒，拥有北极气候的阿拉斯加北坡，发掘出了大量恐龙化石。
托福TPO28口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO28口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO28口语Task4阅读文本： Refute-and-Persuade Sometimes companies realize that consumers may have developed a negative impression of a product. One way in which they can resolve this problem is by using an advertising technique known as refute-and-persuade. Refute-and-persuade means that in advertising a product, the company first indicates its awareness of the product’s disadvantage. But then the company refutes or challenges that disadvantage by demonstrating how the advantage of buying and using the product makes up for any limitation it may have. In this way, companies can persuade consumers to purchase a product despite its drawbacks. 托福TPO28口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture in a business class. (male professor): Allright, so I actually saw a good example of this just the other day: I watched an advertisement on television about a well known companies pots and pans, and in the advertisement there was a woman, a professional cook, talking about how she uses the companies pots and pans in her own kitchen. Now the woman in the advertisement began by saying that this company's pots and pans were expensive. She just came right out and admitted to the audience that they cost a lot more than most other companies pots and pans. And she also said that she realized that when people went shopping for new cookware, they might feel that they just didn't want to spend all that money on such expensive pots and pans since there were so many in the store that cost a lot less.But then, she went on to explain that the extra cost was worthwhile, because, although these pots and pans cost more to begin with, they actually saved you money in the long run. How? Well, they came with a special lifetime warranty, which meant that the company would replace them free if anything ever went wrong, and that’s something most companies that make pots and pans couldn't say about their products. 托福TPO28口语Task4题目： Explain how the example of the television advertisement for pots and pans from the lecture illustrates the technique of refute and persuade. 托福TPO28口语Task4满分范文： Refute-and-persuade is one way companies often use to reduce the negativeimpression that consumers have on their products. That is, they first admit the disadvantages of their products and then challenge themselves by demonstrating howthe advantages outweigh the disadvantages. For example, there's a kind of pots andpans that are very expensive, so in its commercial, the spokeswoman, a professionalcook first admits that the pots and pans are indeed very expensive, which is the "refute". But then she goes on to persuade the audience by demonstrating that they're actually not that expensive as they can help save money in the long run. This is because products of their brand last longer and they have life-warranty that allows the consumers to have free replacement if anything's wrong with their products, but thisis something other brand products cannot provide. In this way, the woman can successfully persuade the consumer to buy the pots and pans of this brand. (129 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO28口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO23口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO23口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO23口语Task4阅读文本： Reference Groups Our thinking and behavior are often influenced by other people. When we admire and respect someone, we naturally try to imitate their behavior and attitudes. Groups of people whom we admire and whose behavior and attitudes we ten to imitate are known as reference groups. Reference groups provide a model – a frame of reference – that can shape how we think and behave. Over the course of a lifetime, we may be influenced by many different reference groups. As we grow older, or encounter new circumstances, our reference groups may change, and our attitudes and behavior may change accordingly. 托福TPO23口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture in a sociology class on this topic. (male professor) I have an example from my own life that illustrates this. When I first began my university studies, I became friends with a bunch of art students. They were older and fun and very creative and I thought they were really cool. And they all liked to dress really casually, in T-shirts and jeans and sneakers. That's what they wore all the time, to class, to the library, to dinner, everywhere, T-shirts and jeans and sneakers. So that's what I started wearing, too. And I fit right in, and I felt really cool.But then I graduated, moved to Chicago, and got a job. And I started working with some really bright, young people who'd already been working in the company for a few years, who were already handling major responsibilities for the company, really impressive. And sometimes some of us would get together on the weekend, maybe for a concert or a baseball game or something. And at first, I just wear a T-shirt and jeans and sneakers. That was, you know, how I was used to dressing. But I soon noticed that my co-workers preferred to dress up a little bit. The men would wear a nice pair of pants, uh, button-up shirt. The women might wear a fashionable dress and some nice shoes. They dress in clothes a lot nicer than what I was used to wearing. And I started thinking, you know, that looks really classy, really sharp. And so I started to dress the same way they did, you know, nicer, a little more formal. And, I don’t know, somehow my T-shirts and jeans and sneakers didn't seem as cool anymore. 托福TPO23口语Task4题目： Using the example from the lecture, explain how people’s behavior is affected by reference groups. 托福TPO23口语Task4满分范文： Reference group is the group of people who we admire and therefore impact on our attitude and behavior. In the lecture, the professor takes his experiences in college and in Chicago. When he was a college student, his reference group was a bunch of art students who really liked to wear T-shirts, jeans and sneakers, and this attitude influenced the professor, so the professor also thought it was cool to dress like that, and he did dress like that, too. However, when he began to work in Chicago, this changed as he met another group of young people who held major responsibilities in their company. He began to take those young people as his reference group, and of course they dressed differently, more formally, like button-up shirts, pants, and suits. So the professor no longer thought it was cool to wear T-shirts and jeans and he began to wear shirts and pants, too. (149 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO23口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
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为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO29口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO29口语Task4阅读文本：
Scatter Hoarding
Many animals live in environments where food is plentiful during certain times of the year and scarce during other times of the year. In such environments, some animals collect and prepare food when it is plentiful, then hoard it – store it – for future use. Some types of hoarders engage in scatter hoarding. Unlike other types of hoarders, scatter hoarders do not store the food all in once place; instead, they scatter it – divide it up and hide it in many different places. Later, at a time when food is scarce, the hoarders return to these hiding places and recover the food.
托福TPO29口语Task4听力文本：
Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a biology class.
(male professor) OK, so we sometimes see this with animals that live in parts of the world where it gets very cold in the winter. For example, in the northeaster United States, there's a species of squirrels that does this. This squirrel, like many species of squirrel, loves to eat nuts. Nuts are one its primary sources of food. Now, nuts are very difficult to find in the winter. But in the autumn, they are lying all over the place because that's when they fall from the trees.So, what this squirrel does is in the autumn it spends a lot of time finding nuts. After it finds a nut, it prepares it. It takes off the outer shell and cleans it. This preparation may in some way help preserve the nut and or may make it easier to eat later on. The squirrel then digs a little hole in the ground and buries the nut. In one autumn, this squirrel may bury hundreds of nuts.But it doesn't just dig a big hole and put all the nuts in it and cover them up. No, it digs hundreds of holes all over the place. And it puts just one nut in each hole. Now, why would it do that? Well, probably primarily because even if other animals happen to find some of the holes, some of the nuts, the squirrel will still have a lot of other holes with nuts in them so it’ll still have enough food to survive the winter.
托福TPO29口语Task4题目：
Explain how the example from the professor’s lecture illustrate the practice of scatter hoarding.
托福TPO29口语Task4满分范文：
Animals usually hoard some food for the time when there's no food. And some animals
divide their storage of food into different places and when the food is scarce, they return to the places and recover the food. For example, there's a kind of squirrels feeding on nuts that are plentiful in autumn while scarce in winter. So they spend a lot of time in autumn finding nuts. Then they prepare nuts by taking off the shells and cleansing them, which helps preserve and makes the nuts easier to eat later on. After that the squirrels dig thousands of holes at different places to hoard the prepared nuts so that even if some of the nuts are found by other animals, they still have enough food for the winter. (132 words)
以上是给大家整理的托福TPO29口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。